JP4388590B2 - 有機電界発光素子用化合物及び有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
有機電界発光素子用化合物及び有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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Description
ここで、環Aは隣接環と任意の位置で縮合する式(1a)で表される複素環を表し、Xは、N又はCHを示し、Xのうち少なくとも一つは、窒素原子である。Ar1〜Ar3は、独立に縮環構造でない置換若しくは未置換の芳香族炭化水素基又は芳香族複素環基を示し、Ar2、Ar3はXを含む環と縮合環を形成してもよい。Rは水素又は1価の置換基を示す。
これらの芳香族炭化水素基又は芳香族複素環基が置換基を有する場合、好ましい置換基としてはC1〜C4のアルキル基、C1〜C4のアルコキシ基、フェノキシ基、アルキルチオ基、置換アミノ基、アセチル基等が挙げられる。また、炭素数5〜18の芳香族炭化水素基、及び炭素数3〜17の芳香族複素環基等が挙げられる。
また、Ar2又はAr3はX含有環と縮合して縮合環を形成してもよい。
脱気窒素置換した2000ml三口フラスコに1,2-シクロヘキサンジオン33.3g(297.0mmol)、フェニルヒドラジン塩酸塩86.0g(594.7mmol)を加え、これにエタノール1000mlを加えて攪拌させた。その後、同フラスコ内に濃硫酸3.0g(30.6mmol)を5分間かけ滴下した。その後65℃まで加熱し、4時間攪拌した。室温まで冷却した後、生じた紫茶色結晶を濾取した後、濾取した結晶をエタノール500mlで二回、リスラリー洗浄をおこなった。これを、減圧乾燥して紫茶色粉末80.0g(280.5mmol、収率96.3%)を得た。
次に、1000ml三口フラスコに上記紫茶色粉末72.0g(261.5mmol)を加え、これに酢酸720g、トリフルオロ酢酸72.0gを加えて攪拌させた。その後100℃まで加熱し、15時間攪拌した。室温まで冷却した後、生じた黄色結晶を濾取した後、濾取した結晶を酢酸200mlでリンス洗浄をおこなった後、ヘキサン200mlでリンス洗浄をおこなった。これを、減圧乾燥して白色粉末A’30.0g(117.1mmol、収率44.8%)を得た。得られた白色粉末A’は、インドロ[2,3-a]カルバゾールである。
次に1000mlフラスコに上記で得た黄色結晶21.0g、THF108.6gを加え、溶解させた。同フラスコ内にメタノール660gを滴下した。析出物を濾別し、真空乾燥機にて減圧乾燥を行い黄色固体(化合物3) 12.7g(22.6mmol、収率54.6%)を得た。
化合物3のEI−MS(M+1)は563、融点は263℃であった。
ガラス基板上に真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-4 Paの条件にて化合物3を蒸着源から蒸着し、薄膜を0.1nm/秒にて50nmの厚さで形成した。作成した薄膜を、蛍光測定装置にて評価したところ、発光が観察された。
別に、ガラス基板上に真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-4 Pa の条件にて化合物3とIr(ppy)3とを異なる蒸着源から蒸着し、Ir(ppy)3の濃度が7.0 %であるような薄膜を0.1nm/秒にて50nmの厚さで形成した。この作成した薄膜を、蛍光測定装置にて評価した。励起波長は化合物3の極大吸収波長を使用し、そのときに出てくる光を観察し、化合物3単独の薄膜の場合に出てくる光と比較した。結果を表1に示す。
薄膜のホスト材料を化合物3に代えて、Alq3に変えて薄膜を作成した以外は、実施例2と同様にして評価した。結果を表1に示す。
図1において、正孔注入層を省略し、電子注入層を追加した構成の有機EL素子を作成した。膜厚150nmのITOからなる陽極が形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-4 Paで積層させた。まず、ITO上に正孔輸送層としてNPBを60nmの厚さに形成した。
次に、正孔輸送層上に、発光層として化合物3とIr(ppy)3とを異なる蒸着源から、共蒸着し、25nmの厚さに形成した。この時、Ir(ppy)3の濃度は7.0 wt%であった。次に、電子輸送層としてAlq3を50nmの厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に、電子注入層としてフッ化リチウム(LiF)を0.5nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、電極としてアルミニウム(Al)を170nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作成した。
正孔輸送層としてHMTPDを、発光層のホスト材料としてTAZを用いた以外は実施例3と同様にして有機EL素子を作成した。
発光層のホスト材料として、TAZを用いた以外は実施例3と同様にして有機EL素子を作成した。
(化合物114の合成)
脱気窒素置換した2000ml三口フラスコに3,3’-メチレンジインドール50.69g(0.2058mol)、オルトギ酸トリエチル30.55g(0.2061mol)を加え、これにメタノール640gを加えて攪拌した。これに、濃硫酸5.0g(0.0515mol)を3分間かけ滴下した後、1時間加熱還流した。室温まで冷却した後、生じた赤茶色結晶を濾取し、得られた結晶をメタノール500mlにて二回リスラリー洗浄した。溶媒を減圧留去し、赤茶色粉末状の固体C36.81g(0.1438mol、収率69.9%)を得た。この固体Cはインドロ[3,2-b]カルバゾールである。
APCI-MS, m/z 719 [M+1]+ 融点,498℃
(化合物116の合成)
脱気窒素置換した200ml三口フラスコに、インドロ[3,2-b]カルバゾール1.3g(5.1mmol)、ナトリウム-tert-ブトキシド1.4g(14.6mmol)、酢酸パラジウム8.2mg(0.037mmol)、2,6-ジフェニル-4-ヨードピリジン 6.4g(17.9mmol)及びキシレン80mlを加え、室温で1時間攪拌した。これにトリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン64mg(0.32mmol)を加え、120℃で40時間加熱攪拌した。室温まで冷却した後、水70mlを加え、析出物を濾取した。得られた固体をメタノール、トルエン、クロロホルムにて順次、加熱リスラリー精製することにより淡褐色固体(化合物116) 1.0g(1.4mmol、収率27.5%)を得た。
APCI-MS, m/z 715 [M+1]+ 融点,426℃
(化合物2の合成)
脱気窒素置換した1000ml三口フラスコに、55%水素化ナトリウム2.18g(0.056mol)、脱水DMF240mlを加え、窒素気流下で攪拌した。これに、11-フェニルインドロ[2,3-a]カルバゾール13.3g(0.04mol)の脱水DMF(25ml)溶液を10分間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後、1時間攪拌した。更に、2, 4,6-トリクロロ-1,3-ピリミジン 8.8g(0.048mol)の脱水DMF(150ml)溶液を1時間かけ滴下した。滴下終了後、3時間攪拌を継続し、その後、水500mlを加え、析出した結晶を濾取した。濾取した結晶を水300gで二回リスラリー洗浄し、更にメタノール300gにてリスラリー洗浄した。溶媒を減圧留去し、単黄色結晶 18.2gを得た。得られた結晶を精製せずに、次の反応に用いた。
APCI-MS, m/z 563 [M+1]+ 融点,252℃
(化合物29の合成)
脱気窒素置換した100ml三口フラスコに、酢酸パラジウム(II)0.21 g (0.94 mmol)、キシレン (20 ml)、トリ tert-ブチルホスフィン 0.76 g (3.76 mmol) を加え、60℃で 30 分加熱攪拌した。この溶液を、窒素気流下60℃に熱されたインドロ[2,3-a]カルバゾール 4.61 g (0.0180 mol) 、4-カルバゾリルブロモベンゼン 5.8 g (0.018 mol) 及び tert-ブトキシナトリウム7.7 g (0.080 mol)、のキシレン (180 ml) 溶液中に送液した。その後130℃まで昇温し、同温度で5 時間加熱攪拌した。室温まで冷却した後、水 200 ml を加えた。油水分離し、有機層を減圧濃縮し、粗生成物を得た。これをジクロロメタン及びエタノールにて晶析精製した後、溶媒を減圧留去し、11-(4-カルバゾリルフェニル)インドロ[2,3-a]カルバゾール4.2 g(0.0084 mol、収率47%)を得た。
APCI-MS, m/z 729 [M+1]+ 融点,319℃
(化合物37の合成)
脱気窒素置換した2000ml三口フラスコに55%水素化ナトリウム4.80g(110.0mmol)、脱水DMF 70mlを加え、窒素気流下で攪拌した。これに、インドロ[2,3-a]カルバゾール13.5g(52.7mmol)の脱水DMF(150ml)溶液を、10分間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、1時間程度攪拌した後、これに2-クロロ-4,6-ジフェニル-1,3,5-トリアジン 29.4g(110.0mmol)の脱水DMF(150)溶液を1時間かけ滴下した。滴下終了後、3時間攪拌した後、水900gを加え、析出した結晶を濾取した。濾取した結晶を水450gで二回リスラリー洗浄し、更にメタノール450gにてリスラリー洗浄した。溶媒を減圧留去し、結晶 35.0gを得た。これをTHF/メタノールによる晶出精製することで、黄色固体(化合物37) 24g(33.4mmol、収率63.4%)を得た。
APCI-MS, m/z 719 [M+1]+ 融点,426℃
(化合物1の合成)
脱気窒素置換した20ml三口フラスコに、酢酸パラジウム(II)0.071 g (0.32 mmol) 、キシレン (5 ml)、トリ tert-ブチルホスフィン 0. 32 ml(1.26 mmol) を加え、60℃で 30 分加熱攪拌した。この溶液を、窒素気流下60℃に熱された11-フェニルインドロ[2,3-a]カルバゾール1.99 g (0.0060 mol) 、2,6-ジフェニル-4-ヨードピリジン 2.46 g (0.0069 mol) 及び tert-ブトキシナトリウム2.57 g (0.0267 mol)、のキシレン (60 ml) 溶液中に送液した。その後130℃まで昇温し、同温度で5 時間加熱攪拌した。室温まで冷却した後、水 70 ml を加えた。油水分離し、有機層を減圧濃縮し、4.85gの粗生成物を得た。これをジクロロメタン及びエタノールにて晶析精製した後、溶媒を減圧留去し、白色固体(化合物1) 1.43 g(0.0025mol、収率36%)を得た。
APCI-MS, m/z 562 [M+1]+ 融点,277℃,287℃
図1において、電子注入層を追加した構成の有機EL素子を作成した。膜厚150nmのITOからなる陽極が形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-4 Paで積層させた。まず、ITO 上に正孔注入層として、銅フタロシアニン(CuPC) を 20 nm の厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層として NPB を 40 nm の厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層上に、発光層として化合物3とIr(ppy)3とを異なる蒸着源から、共蒸着し、35nmの厚さに形成した。この時、Ir(ppy)3の濃度は7.0 wt%であった。次に、電子輸送層としてAlq3を40nmの厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に、電子注入層としてフッ化リチウム(LiF)を0.5nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、電極としてアルミニウム(Al)を170nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作成した。
発光層の主成分として、実施例4〜8で得られた化合物(化合物No.114、116、2、29、37及び1)を用いた以外は実施例10と同様にして有機EL素子を作成した。表3に発光特性を示す。実施例4〜8で得られた化合物(化合物No.114、116、2、29、37及び1)すべてにおいて、Ir(ppy)3からの発光が得られていることを確認した。
Claims (8)
- 下記一般式(1)で示される有機電界発光素子用化合物。
- 一般式(1)において、Ar 1 〜Ar 3 が独立して、置換若しくは未置換のフェニル基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数2〜5の芳香族複素環基からなる請求項1に記載の有機電解発光素子用化合物。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子用化合物を含む有機層を有する有機電界発光素子。
- 有機電界発光素子用化合物を含む有機層が、発光層、正孔輸送層、電子輸送層及び正孔阻止素子層から選ばれる少なくとも一つの層である請求項4記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 有機電界発光素子用化合物を含む有機層が、基板上に積層された陽極と陰極の間に、発光層を有する有機電界発光素子の発光層であり、該発光層が燐光発光性ドーパントと該有機電界発光素子用化合物をホスト材料として含有する請求項4記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 陽極と発光層の間に正孔注入輸送層を有し、陰極と発光層の間に電子注入輸送層を有してなる請求項6記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 発光層と電子注入輸送層の間に正孔阻止層を有してなる請求項7記載の有機電界発光素子。
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TWI418607B (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
TW200838979A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
EP2080762B1 (en) | 2016-09-14 |
EP2080762A1 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
CN101511834B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
KR20090086057A (ko) | 2009-08-10 |
WO2008056746A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
US20100187977A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
US8062769B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 |
JPWO2008056746A1 (ja) | 2010-02-25 |
EP2080762A4 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
KR100955993B1 (ko) | 2010-05-04 |
CN101511834A (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
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