RU2564113C1 - METHOD OF YEAR-ROUND BREEDING OF PREDATORY BUG PERILLUS (Perillus bioculatuS Fabr) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises management of perillus bug under optimum conditions using natural feed. At that the feed is used as bee moth larvae previously frozen at a temperature of (-5)-(-7)°C for 3-4 hours, and the mature zooids of perillus are subjected during breeding to cooling for 30 days at a temperature of 4°C.

EFFECT: use of this method enables to simplify the procedure of breeding perillus bugs while maintaining a high yield of the final product.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the biological protection of plants to combat the most dangerous pest of nightshade crops Colorado potato beetle.

The possibility of temporarily keeping a predatory bug of perillus on the egg-laying and larvae of the Colorado potato beetle and caterpillars of the wax moth, as well as on a number of other insect species is known (G.V. Gusev. Entomophages of the Colorado potato beetle. - M.: Agropromizdat, 1991, 173 p .; Y. Ismailov, I. S. Agasyeva. Predatory bug Perillus bioculatus Fabr. A new look at the possibilities of acclimatization and prospects of use // Plant Protection. - 2010. - No. 2. - P. 30-31).

Closest to the proposed invention is a method of breeding perillus, which allows you to maintain the population year-round, while the Colorado potato beetle eggs are used as food, the accumulation of which is carried out by cooling them at a rate of 7-8 ° C / h from room temperature to (-2) - (-15) ° C and subsequent storage. To feed perillus, eggs are thawed to room temperature at a rate of 12 ° C / h. The eggs of the Colorado potato beetle are stored in sealed plastic bags, and after thawing, they are dried in an air stream (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1738190, A01K 67/00, 1989).

However, the known method for breeding an entomophage is laborious and impractical, since it is difficult to accumulate a large number of ovipositor eggs of the Colorado potato beetle in summer and is limited by the potato growing season. Freezing and thawing eggs to a specific heat capacity is a complex technological process, and non-observance of the heat capacity conditions for cooling eggs impairs feed quality, which leads to the death of perillus.

EFFECT: simplification of the method for breeding a predatory bug of perillus while maintaining a high yield of the final product.

This result is achieved by the fact that for year-round breeding, wax moth caterpillars are used as feed, previously frozen at a temperature of (-5) - (-7) ° C for 3-4 hours, and sexually mature individuals of perillus during breeding (in the autumn period to preserve the population) is subjected to cooling for 30 days at a temperature of 4 ° C.

The conditions for freezing wax moth caterpillars at a temperature of (-5) - (- 7) ° C for 3-4 hours are optimal for the preparation of feed, energy-efficient. Cryopreservation at lower temperatures, for example (-16) - (-20) ° C for 0.5-2 hours, leads to the fact that when thawing, the tracks decompose. Freezing at higher temperatures requires more time and, consequently, energy consumption, which complicates the process of preparing the feed. The cooling of mature perillus during breeding for 30 days at 4 ° C helps to overcome the natural diapause of perillus (depression of metabolism, cessation of nutrition with subsequent death of insects) and, accordingly, accelerate the breeding process (table 1).

The proposed method for breeding a predatory bug of perillus is as follows.

For year-round reproduction of wax moths, artificial climate chambers are used. Caterpillars are grown on an artificial nutrient medium at a temperature of 26 ± 1 ° C, air humidity 70-75%. The composition of the artificial nutrient medium for growing Galleria melonella L. is multicomponent and includes wheat flour, corn flour, beeswax, honey, fodder yeast, whole milk powder, glycerin, wheat bran (Patent for the invention No. 2215428. Method for the production of a nutrient medium for mass dilution Galeria melonella L. dated 10.11.2003). All dry components are preliminarily calcined in an oven at a temperature of 120 ° C. Then they add wax, glycerin, honey (previously melted in a water bath).

Perillus contain at 26 ± 1 ° C, air humidity 70-75% and daylight hours of at least 16 hours. To keep adults and predator larvae, cassettes with a diameter of 30-40 cm are used, which are a metal frame covered with mill gas or calico. Before placing bugs and larvae in cassettes, their bottom is lined with filter paper. To create moisture, moistened cotton swabs are placed. The cassette is placed up to 100 adults, fledged within one day, and caterpillars of the II-III age of the wax moth, which are fed into the cassettes in a day.

10-15 days after being placed in the cassettes, the young females of perillus begin to lay eggs. The collection is carried out daily to synchronize the homogeneity of the biomaterial. Daily collection of oviposites allows obtaining uniform-aged larvae, which are then fed in frame calico cassettes. The combined content of different-aged larvae is undesirable. Synchronizing the collection of biomaterial over time increases the survival of the larvae and provides amicable inspiration of the next generation of adults.

After collecting daily ovipositions, they are placed in the same cassettes as for keeping bugs. In one cage, you can place up to 500 eggs. After 5-7 days, larvae begin to hatch. I larvae do not feed. The larval stage lasts an average of 25 days.

At the beginning of the autumn period, mature perillus specimens are taken and preparing for cooling: pre-fed specimens are placed in Petri dishes with a bed of filter paper and a cotton swab dipped in water. Then prepared in this way perillus is placed in a refrigerator for 30 days and kept at 4 ° C. An increase or decrease in the duration of the cold stage reduces the fecundity of insects; in the absence of a cold stage, mating is not observed (table 1). This effect is caused by the fact that perillus needs the passage of the cold stage in the autumn period due to the development of diapause.

Insects begin to mate approximately two weeks after they return to the optimum temperature and light conditions (temperature 24-25 ° C, relative humidity 70-80%, daylight hours at least 16 hours), and the maximum number of eggs laid with the highest percentage of fertility (table 1).

The final product is Perillus bioculatus Fabr. Bugs and larvae of perillus, intended for biological control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.

The proposed method of breeding a predatory bug Perillus bioculatus Fabr. It is the most accessible for practical use on an industrial scale, as it allows you to maintain an insect population throughout the year, simplifies the process of breeding perillus while maintaining a high yield of high-quality final product.

Claims (1)

Method of year-round breeding of predatory bug of perillus perillus bioculatus Fabr., Including its content under optimal conditions using natural food, characterized in that waxed moth caterpillars pre-frozen at a temperature of (-5) - (- 7) ° C are used as natural food for 3-4 hours, and sexually mature individuals of perillus in the process of breeding are subjected to cooling for 30 days at a temperature of 4 ° C.