CN108041353A - A kind of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial feed for peach moth moth and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of insect feed. The artificial feed of the present invention has a good feeding effect, and its indicators such as survival rate, single-female egg production and hatching rate are significantly higher than the existing artificial feed feeding effects. Stage nutritional needs, realized the large-scale, long-term subculture of the peach borer; the components of the artificial feed of the present invention are all commonly used ingredients in daily life, the cost is low, and the materials are easy to get; in addition, the artificial feed of the present invention Yeast powder, sucrose, vitamin C and vitamin B complex can provide nutrition for the accelerated growth and each growth stage of the peach moth, and reduce the infection and death of bacteria; vegetable oil can prevent the dryness of the feed in the later stage.

Description

A kind of artificial feed for peach borer moth and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of insect feed, and in particular relates to an artificial feed for peach moth moth, a preparation method of the artificial feed, and an application of the artificial feed.

Background technique

Peach borer (Conogethes punctiferalis), commonly known as peach spot borer, peach heart borer, peach borer, etc., belongs to the genus Conogethes punctiferalis of Lepidoptera, and mainly damages chestnuts, peaches, plums, pears, apples, pomegranates, and plums. , cherry, citrus, loquat, apricot, persimmon, hawthorn, masson pine, fir, sunflower, soybean, corn, cotton and other fruit trees and crops, with miscellaneous feeding habits and a wide range of hosts, it is an important omnivorous and borer Sexual pests (Wang Zhenying et al. Plant Protection, 2006, (2): 67-69). In recent years, due to changes in climate, farming system and cultivation methods, the population of Peach Borer has shown a rapid upward trend. Peach borer larvae cluster on corn ears, and multiple larvae on the same ear can eat corn kernels and cause severe ear rot. At the same time, they can eat stems, cause plants to fold, and seriously affect the growth of corn ears. Quality and yield, has become another important agricultural pest of corn field after corn borer.

Artificial feeding of insects is one of the basic techniques of entomological research. It can provide insect sources for various scientific researches all year round regardless of seasons and host plants. In addition, due to the controllability of artificial feed ingredients, using this technology not only It can study the nutritional needs of insects and determine the effects of insecticides and insect-resistant crops, and can also mass-produce insects with relatively consistent physiological standards (Wang Yannian, Manual of Insect Artificial Feed, Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1984).

At present, the artificial feed that is used to raise peach borer mainly contains: Honda H etc. (Honda H etc. Appl. Difficult to purchase, difficult to popularize and apply. Chinese patent "peach moth moth artificial feed formula and preparation method" (CN103478493A) discloses that it is made of chestnut powder, corn flour, peach powder, soybean powder, brewer's yeast powder, multidimensional glucose, casein, cholesterol, ascorbic acid, erythromycin, agar Powder, methyl paraben, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and water. The components of the artificial feed have not been autoclaved during the preparation process. During the entire feeding process, the feed needs to be replaced every 3 days to prevent the feed Mold pollutes the larvae, so the raising process is labor-intensive and time-consuming; another Chinese patent "artificial feed for peach moth moth, preparation method and subculture feeding method" (CN104304694A) discloses a mixture of wheat germ powder, soybean meal, corn seedling dry powder, chestnut dry powder, Artificial feed composed of yeast extract, potassium sorbate, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, vitamin C, corn germ oil, trehalose, agar powder and water, which solves the problems of low survival rate and poor succession of the population, However, subculture rearing is done in finger-shaped tubes, and a maximum of 2 larvae can be placed. These two kinds of artificial diets raise a small number of peach borer moths, which cannot achieve the purpose of mass production of peach borer moths, and the cost of main materials is high. Not easy to obtain; Xu Lirong (Xu Lirong. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences master's degree thesis 2011) slightly changed the feed formula of the corn borer and used it to raise the peach borer. -54.88 grains, and the feed appeared to be dry and cracked in the later stage of feeding, and the purpose of large-scale feeding could not be achieved.

From the above, it can be seen that the existing artificial feeds for raising the peach borer have different shortcomings, and they cannot realize the large-scale breeding of the peach borer, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of various tests for each stage and each larval instar of the peach borer. source needs.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an artificial feed for peach borer moth.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned artificial feed.

The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned artificial feed on the breeding of the peach borer moth.

The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for subculture raising the peach borer by utilizing the above-mentioned artificial feed

Realize the technical scheme of the present invention as follows:

An artificial feed for peach moth moth, the composition and weight percentage are: 2% to 3.5% of corn flour, 3.0% to 5.0% of corn leaf powder, 1.5% to 2.0% of soybean powder, 3.0% to 5.0% of wheat bran, Yeast powder 1.5%-2.5%, agar 1.0%-1.5%, sucrose 1.0%-1.5%, vitamin C 0.1%-0.2%, complex vitamin B 0.02%-0.06%, vegetable oil 0.2%-1.0%, potassium sorbate 0.3 %～0.4%, water balance.

The water described in the above-mentioned artificial feed is sterile water.

The vegetable oil mentioned in the above-mentioned artificial feed refers to soybean oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil or cottonseed oil and the like.

All the components described in the above-mentioned artificial feed can be purchased from the market.

The corn leaf powder described in the above-mentioned artificial feed is prepared according to the following method: the corn leaf is harvested at the corn trumpet stage, dried, and pulverized with a 50-100-mesh pulverizer to obtain the corn leaf powder.

The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned peach borer artificial feed, carries out according to the following steps:

(1) Weigh corn flour, corn leaf flour, soybean flour, wheat bran and yeast powder in proportion and put them into a sterilization bag after being stirred evenly, as component A, place component A in an autoclave, Sterilize at 120°C for 30 minutes;

(2) Dissolve agar in sterile water, heat and boil until viscous, then add component A, stir evenly, use as component B, cool to 60-70°C, and set aside;

(3) Crush vitamin C and vitamin B complex tablets with a mortar, pour sucrose, vegetable oil, vitamin C, vitamin B complex and potassium sorbate into component B in proportion, and stir evenly; add sterile water Set to volume, stir evenly, pour into a covered white porcelain plate, cool and solidify for later use.

The application of above-mentioned artificial feed on the raising of peach moth moth.

The application of the above-mentioned artificial feed on the rearing of the 3rd to 6th instar larvae of the peach moth borer.

The present invention also provides a method for subculture raising the peach borer by using the above-mentioned artificial feed, comprising the following steps:

(1) Connect the 1st instar larvae of the peach moth borer into a container with fresh corn ears, and raise them to the 3rd instar at a temperature of 23-28°C and a relative humidity of 65-75%;

(2) Connect the 3rd instar larvae into the container with the above-mentioned artificial feed, and raise them until the 6th instar mature larvae drill into the artificial feed to pupate at a temperature of 23-28°C and a relative humidity of 65-75%. , to collect pupae;

(3) Place a petri dish at the bottom of the adult cage, put a sponge dipped in 10% honey water in the petri dish; put the pupae into the adult cage at a temperature of 23 to 28°C and a relative humidity of 65°C. Feed under the condition of ~75%, and collect the eggs after the adults lay eggs;

(4) Incubating the eggs, the hatching conditions are the same as those in the step (1), collecting the larvae, and subculture.

The container described in the above method step (1) or (2) is a transparent plastic fresh-keeping box, a plastic barrel or a glass tube, etc.

The specification of the adult breeding cage described in the above method step (3) is 45cm×31cm×28cm or 40cm×20cm×26cm or the like.

The feeding conditions described in the steps (1), (2), (3) or (4) of the above method are as follows: the temperature is 23-28° C., and the relative humidity is 65-75%.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is compared with natural host ear of corn and existing artificial feed, (1) utilizes the artificial feed of the present invention to raise the effect of peach moth moth well, and survival rate is 75.17%, and single female egg production is 248 grains and The hatching rate is 92%, which is significantly higher than that of the natural host corn ear and the existing artificial feed feeding effect (the survival rate is 68.33% to 72.00%, the egg production of a single female is 120.00 to 198.33 grains and the hatching rate is 79.67% to 84.00%). (2) The constituents of the artificial feed of the present invention are all commonly used ingredients in daily life, and the materials are easy to get, and the artificial feed of the present invention has omitted the higher cost of chestnut powder, apple powder, peach powder, etc., and adjusted various component ratios , with corn flour, corn leaf flour, soybean flour and wheat bran as the main ingredients, has the advantages of low cost and easy availability of materials. (3) Yeast powder, sucrose, vitamin C and multivitamin B in the artificial feed of the present invention can provide nutrition for the accelerated growth and each growth stage of the peach moth moth, and reduce the infection and death of germs; vegetable oil can prevent the phenomenon of dry cracking in the later stage of the feed. (4) The artificial feed of the present invention can meet the nutritional needs of the 3rd instar larvae of the peach borer to the pupation stage, and realize the large-scale and long-term subculture of the peach borer.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further explained and illustrated by the following examples, but does not constitute any limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 The preparation of peach borer artificial feed of the present invention

Prepare as follows:

(1) Preparation of corn leaf powder: Harvest corn leaves at the maize tassering stage, dry them, and pulverize them with a 100-mesh pulverizer to obtain corn leaf powder

(2) Weigh corn flour, corn leaf flour, soybean flour, wheat bran and yeast powder according to the ratio shown in Table 1 and put them into a sterilization bag after stirring evenly. As component A, place component A under high pressure Sterilize at 120°C for 30 minutes in a sterilizer;

(3) Dissolve the agar in sterile water according to the ratio shown in Table 1, boil it in a pot until it becomes viscous, then add component A, stir evenly, use it as component B, and cool it to 60-70°C for later use;

(4) Use a mortar to mix vitamin C and vitamin B complex tablets (complex vitamin B is produced by Tianjin Lisheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., each tablet contains the main ingredients: vitamin B ₁ 3 mg, vitamin B ₂ 1.5 mg, vitamin B ₆ 0.2 mg, niacinamide 10 mg, calcium pantothenate 1 mg) mash, pour sucrose, corn oil, vitamin C, complex vitamin B and potassium sorbate into component B according to the ratio shown in Table 1, stir well, and then use Dilute the sterile water to 500ml, stir evenly, pour it into a white porcelain dish with a cover, cool and solidify for later use.

Table 1 The composition and ratio of peach borer artificial feed of the present invention

Embodiment 2 utilizes artificial feed of the present invention to raise peach borer test

(1) Source of tested insects

All ages of the tested peach borer came from the Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences.

(2) Experimental design

(1) Treatment 1: the 1st to 3rd instar larvae are fed with fresh and tender corn ears, and the 3rd instar larvae are fed with the artificial feed I prepared in Example 1 until they pupate.

(2) Treatment 2: the 1st to 3rd instar larvae were fed with fresh and tender corn ears, and the 3rd instar larvae were fed with the artificial feed II prepared in Example 1 until pupation.

(3) Treatment 3: Feed the artificial feed prepared according to the patent CN103478493A from the 1st instar larvae to pupation.

(4) Treatment 4: Feed the artificial feed prepared according to the patent CN104304694A from the 1st instar larvae to pupation.

(5) Treatment 5: the 1st instar larvae were fed with fresh and tender corn ears until pupation, and the fresh and tender corn ears were obtained from the Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences.

(3) Test method:

(1) Breeding of the 1st to 3rd instar larvae of the peach borer: Divide the reddish eggs of the peach borer into 5 groups, and transfer them to fresh and tender corn as described in treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3, treatment 4, and treatment 5. Transparent plastic fresh-keeping boxes for fruit ears or artificial feed, each box contains 200 eggs, each treatment is repeated 3 times, the larvae hatch on the second day, and feed until the third instar; the feeding conditions are: temperature 25°C, humidity 65-75%.

(2) Feeding of the 3rd to 6th instar larvae of the peach moth borer and collection of pupae: the 3rd instar larvae obtained in step (1) were continued to be raised to 6 instars according to the treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3, treatment 4, and treatment 5. Old mature larvae drilled into the artificial feed to pupate, and collected Peach borer moth pupae; each treatment was repeated 3 times, and 100 larvae were tested for each repetition; the feeding conditions were: temperature 25°C, humidity 65-75%.

(3) collection and adult eclosion of peach moth moth pupa: the peach moth moth pupa gained in the step (2) is taken out from artificial feed, is placed in uncovered fresh-keeping box, and fresh-keeping box is covered with wet towel and keeps humidity, makes it Eclosion into adults.

(4) The rearing of peach moth moth adults and the collection of eggs: place a petri dish at the bottom of the adult cage, place a sponge or absorbent cotton dipped in honey water with a concentration of 10% in the petri dish; place the adults that have emerged within 12 hours Breeding cage; after raising for 3-4 days, cut the absorbent cotton into the same size as the 4 sides of the adult breeding cage, then dip the absorbent cotton as a whole with honey water with a concentration of 10%, and fix the whole surface of the absorbent cotton dipped in honey water with a paper clip. The inner sides of the 4 sides of the adult cage were used to cover the top of the cage tightly with a wet towel every afternoon, and the towel was removed in the morning of the next day; the eggs of the peach borer were collected every 2 days, and new absorbent cotton was replaced. The absorbent cotton taken out was wrapped in gauze and placed in tap water. Gently rinse the honey water on the absorbent cotton, then soak it in a 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 seconds, and finally rinse it with pure water until there is no smell of sodium hypochlorite, remove the wrapped gauze, let it dry until it is half dry, and place it in the Incubate and subculture in plastic fresh-keeping bags, or store them in a 7-10°C refrigerator for later use.

During the feeding process, the larval survival rate, pupal weight, pupation rate, eclosion rate, single female egg production and other indicators were recorded.

Result (see table 2) the average larval survival rate of peach borer moth cultured by the artificial feed of the present invention and raising technology is 75.17%, and the average pupa weighs 0.076g, and the average eclosion rate is 97.35%, and the ratio of male to female is close to 1:1, and the hatching rate The average number of eggs laid by a single female is 248.00 grains. Compared with eating corn ears alone, the larvae survival rate, pupa weight, eclosion rate, average single female egg production and hatching rate of peach borer on the artificial diet are all significantly improved; and Compared with the artificial feed of the patent, the larval survival rate and single female oviposition of the artificial feed of the present invention are significantly higher than the patent application CN103478493A, and the hatching rate is significantly higher than the patent application CN103478493A and the patent application CN104304694A; from the perspective of the feeding process, the present invention The artificial feed only needs to be added once during the entire raising process, while the patent CN103478493A feed is replaced 5 times, and the patent CN104304694A feed is replaced 2 times. It shows that the artificial feed of the present invention has good breeding effect, low feed cost and labor cost, and is suitable for large-scale breeding and long-term subculture of the peach borer.

Table 2 utilizes peach borer artificial feed of the present invention to raise peach borer contrast test result

Note: The data in the table are the mean ± standard error, and the same letter in the same column indicates that the difference is not significant (P>0.05).

Claims (10)

1. a kind of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds, it is characterised in that its constituent and its weight percent are：Corn flour 2%~ 3.5%, maize leaves powder 3.0%~5.0%, soy meal 1.5%~2.0%, wheat bran 3.0%~5.0%, dusty yeast 1.5%~ 2.5%, agar 1.0%~1.5%, sucrose 1.0%~1.5%, vitamin C 0.1%~0.2%, vitamin B compound 0.02%~0.06%, vegetable oil 0.2%~1.0%, potassium sorbate 0.3%~0.4%, water surplus.

2. man-made feeds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water is sterile water.

3. man-made feeds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vegetable oil refers to soybean oil, peanut oil, dish Seed oil, corn oil or cottonseed oil.

4. man-made feeds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the maize leaves powder is prepared as follows： It in corn typhon mouth phase harvesting corn blade, dries, is crushed with the pulverizer of 50~100 mesh to get maize leaves powder.

5. the preparation method of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds described in claim 1, it is characterised in that carry out according to the following steps：

(1) corn flour, maize leaves powder, soy meal, wheat bran and dusty yeast are weighed in proportion and are put into after stirring evenly in sterilizing bag, As component A, component A is placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot, is sterilized 30 minutes at 120 DEG C；

(2) agar is dissolved in sterile water, heating is boiled to thick, is added component A, is stirred evenly, as component B, cooling It is spare to 60~70 DEG C；

(3) vitamin C and tablet vitamin B complex are smashed to pieces with mortar, in proportion by sucrose, vegetable oil, vitamin C, compound Vitamin B and potassium sorbate are poured into component B, are stirred evenly；It with sterile water constant volume, stirs evenly, pours into ceramic whiteware disk with cover, It is spare after cooled and solidified.

6. application of any man-made feeds of Claims 1 to 4 in dichocrocis punctiferalis raising.

7. application of any man-made feeds of Claims 1 to 4 on 3 age of dichocrocis punctiferalis to 6 instar larvaes raising.

8. utilize the method for man-made feeds continuously rearing dichocrocis punctiferalis described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

(1) access of 1 instar larvae of dichocrocis punctiferalis is equipped in the container of fresh edible maize fruit ear, is 23~28 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity For raising under the conditions of 65~75% to 3 ages；

(2) access of 3 instar larvaes is equipped in the container of man-made feeds described in claim 1, is 23~28 DEG C in temperature, relatively It under the conditions of humidity is 65~75%, raises to 6 age mature larvas to pierce in man-made feeds and pupate, collect worm pupa；

(3) culture dish is placed in imago breeding cage bottom portion, the sponge for being moistened with 10% hydromel is put into culture dish；By worm Pupa is put into imago breeding cage, is 23~28 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity is raised under the conditions of being 65~75%, after Adult worms producting eggs Collect worm's ovum；

(4) by egg hatch, the rearing conditions in the same step of incubation condition (1) collect larva, continuously rearing.

9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that the container described in its step (1) or (2) is transparent modeling Expect crisper, plastic barrel or glass tube.

10. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that raising described in its step (1), (2), (3) or (4) Condition is：Temperature is 23~28 DEG C, and relative humidity is 65~75%.