CN103478493A - Formula of artificial feed for dichocrocis punctiferalis, and manufacturing method of artificial feed - Google Patents
Formula of artificial feed for dichocrocis punctiferalis, and manufacturing method of artificial feed Download PDFInfo
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N Erythromycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@](C)(O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)O)[C@H]1C)(C)O)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 229960003276 erythromycin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种桃蛀螟人工饲料配方及制作方法，属于昆虫人工饲料领域。该饲料由板栗粉、玉米粉、桃粉、大豆粉、啤酒酵母粉、多维葡萄糖、胆固醇、酪蛋白、抗坏血酸、红霉素、琼脂粉、尼泊金甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯和水组成。本发明进一步提供一种桃蛀螟人工饲料的制作方法。该人工饲料通过加入板栗粉、玉米粉、大豆粉、啤酒酵母粉等，与多种微量元素配合，在提高桃蛀螟存活率和繁殖力等的前提下，有效降低饲养成本，避免了现有人工饲料用于桃蛀螟饲养时，幼虫拒食、存活率低下、发育不整齐等问题。The invention discloses a formula and a preparation method of an artificial feed for peach moth moth, and belongs to the field of artificial feed for insects. The feed consists of chestnut flour, corn flour, peach flour, soybean flour, brewer's yeast powder, multidimensional glucose, cholesterol, casein, ascorbic acid, erythromycin, agar powder, methyl paraben, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and water composition. The present invention further provides a method for making artificial feed for peach borer moth. By adding chestnut flour, corn flour, soybean flour, brewer's yeast powder, etc., the artificial feed is combined with various trace elements to effectively reduce the feeding cost and avoid the existing When the artificial feed is used to raise the peach borer, the larvae refuse to eat, the survival rate is low, and the development is not uniform.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to insect feedstuff development field, particularly relate to a kind of formula of the man-made feeds for the artificial feeding dichocrocis punctiferalis and preparation method.
Background technology
Raising insect with man-made feeds is one of basic fundamental entomologized, can not be subject to host and season limit to breed the purpose insect of certain kind, with research (Wang Yannian etc., 1984 for aspects such as insect biology, physiology and integrated pest control measure formulations; 1990).
Dichocrocis punctiferalis Conogethes punctiferalis (Guen é e) is under the jurisdiction of Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, a kind of important omnivorousness and borer pest, it is reported, its host relates to more than 100 kind of fruit tree, forest and the crops such as Chinese chestnut, peach, Lee (deer gold autumn etc., 2010).At present, along with dichocrocis punctiferalis is ecological and the deepening continuously of Study of Prevention Technology, particularly carrying out in a deep going way of the relevant research work such as biological control and resistance to the action of a drug mensuration, need supply in a large number to try the worm sources.Therefore, artificial feeding dichocrocis punctiferalis under laboratory condition, highlight its significance gradually for scientific experiment provides standard examination worm, and there is a correlative study report in China about the dichocrocis punctiferalis artificial feeding is rarely seen.The artificial feeding technology of dichocrocis punctiferalis once had to report abroad, but, because some composition in feed is composite parts, do not list respectively, some composition China yet there are no Related product, is difficult to promotion and application in China at present.As: the antiseptic of mentioning in Honda etc. (1979) feed formula (Antimicrobial agent mixture) is unknown composite parts, and its dusty yeast used (Meal powder for mouse) is external product.In addition, while raising to have man-made feeds now, when not only survival rate of larvae is raised than the natural host plant, significantly reduce, and polus animalium irregular (Honda et al., 1979; Utsumi et al., 1990).
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds formula and preparation method, thereby solve when existing man-made feeds are raised dichocrocis punctiferalis when not only survival rate of larvae is raised than the natural host plant, significantly reduce, and the irregular problem of polus animalium.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds formula, this feed formula is comprised of rice-chestnut powder, corn flour, peach powder, soy meal, beer yeast powder, multivita-glucose, casein, cholesterol, ascorbic acid, erythromycin, agar powder, methyl hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and water.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds, adopts dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds formula of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
The first step: according to recipe ingredient and consumption, the corresponding rice-chestnut powder of weighing, corn flour, peach powder, soy meal and beer yeast powder, put into 30 minutes formation mixtures of pot steaming stand-by after mixing;
Second step: water intaking is put into pot and is heated, and after adding the continuous stirring of agar powder to make it fully to dissolve, adds multivita-glucose simultaneously, stirs and makes it to be dissolved in agar solution, and wherein, the consumption of water is 20 times of agar powder consumption by weight;
The 3rd step, when the agar solution of making until second step is cooled to 60 ℃, add methyl hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, erythromycin, ascorbic acid and cholesterol, and each component mixes makes homogenate;
The 4th step: the mixture furnishing pasty state first step made with remaining water, pour in the homogenate that the 3rd step makes, the limit bevelling is poured in container after being stirred to evenly, to be cooled to gel state, open container and be placed on 4 ℃ of refrigerations after 24 hours, make the man-made feeds of dichocrocis punctiferalis.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: it is main component that these man-made feeds be take the host plant of dichocrocis punctiferalis happiness food, by adding carbohydrate, protein, various trace elements and anticorrisive agent etc., under the prerequisite that improves the indexs such as dichocrocis punctiferalis survival rate and reproductive capacity, effectively reduce feeding cost, problem while having avoided existing man-made feeds to raise for dichocrocis punctiferalis the problem includes: larva food refusal, survival rate low, grow the problems such as irregular.
The specific embodiment
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out to clear, complete description, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skills, not making under the creative work prerequisite the every other embodiment obtained, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds formula, be a kind of feed formula for the artificial feeding dichocrocis punctiferalis, this feed formula is comprised of rice-chestnut powder, corn flour, peach powder, soy meal, beer yeast powder, multivita-glucose, cholesterol, casein, ascorbic acid, erythromycin, agar powder, methyl hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and water.
Preferably, in above-mentioned man-made feeds, the consumption of each raw material by mass parts is:
Rice-chestnut powder 40, corn flour 90, peach powder 10, soy meal 30, beer yeast powder 30, multivita-glucose 10, casein 10, cholesterol 0.1, ascorbic acid 2, erythromycin 3, agar powder 10, methyl hydroxybenzoate 1, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 2 and water 700.
Preferably, the hydromining distilled water in above-mentioned man-made feeds.
The preparation method of above-mentioned man-made feeds is: the use by above-mentioned formula measures each raw material, by following steps, makes:
The first step: according to recipe ingredient and consumption, the corresponding rice-chestnut powder of weighing, corn flour, peach powder, soy meal and beer yeast powder, put into 30 minutes formation mixtures of pot steaming stand-by after mixing;
Second step: water intaking is put into pot and is heated, after adding the continuous stirring of agar powder to make it fully to dissolve simultaneously, add multivita-glucose, stirring makes it to be dissolved in agar solution, wherein, the consumption of water is 20 times of agar powder consumption, as the total water amount is 700ml, in this step, adding 200ml, is the equal of 20 times of 10 gram agar powder consumptions by weight;
The 3rd step, when the agar solution of making until second step is cooled to 60 ℃, add methyl hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, erythromycin, ascorbic acid and cholesterol, and each component mixes makes homogenate; In the 3rd step, each component mixes process temperature and is controlled at below 60 ℃;
The 4th step: the mixture furnishing pasty state first step made with remaining water, pour in the homogenate that the 3rd step makes, the limit bevelling is poured in container (as adopted crisper) after being stirred to evenly, to be cooled to gel state, open container and be placed on 4 ℃ of refrigerations after 24 hours (available refrigerator cold-storage), make the man-made feeds of dichocrocis punctiferalis.
It is stored refrigerated at 4 ℃ that said method makes the man-made feeds of dichocrocis punctiferalis.
Below in conjunction with the concrete analysis process, man-made feeds and the preparation method of above-described embodiment is described further.
The invention provides the man-made feeds formula of a kind of dichocrocis punctiferalis, for laboratory artificial feeding and the amount reproduction of this worm.Described dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds comprise following component: each ratio of components is in Table 1, formula I in table 1 is man-made feeds formula of the present invention, other Three feed formula, for the present invention's formula comparative formula of difference to some extent, in order to the raising result with formula I, compare.
Table 1 dichocrocis punctiferalis larva artificial feed formula
Above-mentioned dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds preparation method, can prepare the dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds, and for its indoor population breed in all seasons, the biology, physiology, toxicology and the ecological study that can be this worm provide a large amount of examination worms.The method adopts above-mentioned raw materials and consumption, comprises the following steps:
The first step: according to recipe ingredient and consumption, the corresponding rice-chestnut powder of weighing, corn flour, peach powder, apple powder, soy meal, beer yeast powder and chestnut shell powder are (for different formulas, if do not contain a certain raw material, do not add this raw material in the first step), put into 30 minutes formation mixtures of pot steaming after mixing stand-by;
Second step: get the distilled water of 200mL, put into pot and heat, after adding the continuous stirring of agar powder to make it fully to dissolve, add multivita-glucose simultaneously, stir and make it to be dissolved in agar solution;
The 3rd step, the agar solution of making until second step adds methyl hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, erythromycin, ascorbic acid and cholesterol while being cooled to 60 ℃, (temperature of this step will be controlled at below 60 ℃, avoids making Some Drugs to lose effect to make homogenate; , each component is mixed simultaneously, avoid causing each position nutritional labeling heterogeneity of feed, larva ontogeny is irregular);
The 4th step: the mixture furnishing pasty state that the first step is steamed with remaining distilled water, pour in the homogenate that the 3rd step prepares, the limit bevelling is poured in crisper after being stirred to rapidly evenly, to be cooled to gel state, open container and be placed on the interior refrigeration of 4 ℃ of refrigerators after 24 hours, make the dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds.These man-made feeds can in crisper, add be placed on 4 ℃ stored refrigerated standby.
The man-made feeds that utilize the present invention to make are as follows to the method for breeding of dichocrocis punctiferalis:
1) raising condition:
The whole generation all raises in growth cabinet, 23 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75% ± 5%, photoperiod 16L:8D, intensity of illumination 3500lux.In process of the test, using the raising result of bright corn as the contrast (CK) of all feed formulas.
2) larva raising:
Larva, at diameter 12cm, is raised in the cylindrical glass bottle of high 8cm, and bottle cap welds with copper mesh after being equipped with card punch the circular hole that 6 diameters are 1cm.Larva hatching same day, choose gently and the wide height of two block lengths is housed is in the man-made feeds vial of 25mm with writing brush, 40 of every bottle graft newly hatched larvaes, 4 repetitions are established in every processing; Within every 3 days, change a feed, until all larvas all pupate.During this time, statistics survival rate of larvae and larvae development are gone through the phase.
3) raising of pupa:
Pupa that will the same day is chosen gently with tweezers from vial, heavy with electronic balance (CPA2245, Germany) weighing pupa after, put into bottle cap 50ml dactylethrae numbering with holes, in growth cabinet, single head is raised to all sprouting wings.Record development duration and the survival rate of pupa.
4) imago breeding:
Adult is raised in rectangle dependent insect cage (350 * 270 * 250mm) with 6%～8% hydromel, and every 1-2d changes a hydromel.Simultaneously, the 3rd day from sprouting wings starts, and puts into dependent insect cage after the apple water that is surrounded by cotton gauze is moistening, to lure Adult worms producting eggs.During this time, every natural gift sex records the adult death condition, puts into the larva raising bottle after mark date, numbering after replacing ovum cloth, statistics egg laying amount on the same day on ovum cloth and waits to hatch, until all adults are all dead.
5) raising of ovum:
The worm's ovum of larva raising bottle is put in observation, adds up F1 every day and hatches number for larva, by hatching larva, chooses, and with the formula of raising the previous generation larva, continues to raise.During this time, add up larva hatching on same day number in each insect box, until no longer include the larva hatching.
According to raising result, as follows to man-made feeds evaluation analysis of the present invention:
(1) development duration:
Take food the dichocrocis punctiferalis of different formulations feed, its from generation to generation development duration and larva go through phase difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), and pupa is gone through the phase, ovum is gone through the phase and the preoviposition period difference be not very large.Wherein, it is the shortest that the formula I larvae development is gone through the phase, is 20.6d; And formula I I larval phase, is the longest, reaches 41.7d.Full development duration from generation to generation is followed successively by formula I I, formula I II, formula I V and formula I from long to short, is respectively 63.6d, 53.3d, 49.8d and 42.3d.
The impact of four kinds of formula feeds of table 2 on the dichocrocis punctiferalis development duration
Annotate: in table, data are mean value ± standard error, with indicating different lowercases after data line, are illustrated in significant difference on 0.05 level, indicate capitalization and are illustrated in significant difference on 0.01 level (the new multipole difference analysis of DuncanShi); Table 4～5 are same.
(2) survival rate:
The survival rate of larvae that takes food formula I is the highest, being 94.5%, is secondly contrast (bright corn), formula I V, II, III, and its survival rate of larvae is followed successively by 80.0%, 26.5%, 25.6% and 18.0%, the survival rate that formula I is described thus is higher, than contrast (bright corn), also exceeds 15.4%.
In four kinds of formula feeds, the survival rate (83.1%) that takes food the pupa of formula I is the highest, its excess-three kind is followed successively by formula I V(80.5%), formula I I(78.9%) and formula I II(44.4%), can find out that the pupa survival rate that takes food formula I is the highest, only low by 6.2% than contrast (bright corn).
Egg hatching rate is the highest is formula I (77.7%), secondly be formula I V and contrast (bright corn), be 58.2%, all the other two kinds be followed successively by formula I II(58.2%) and formula I I(16.9%); The F1 that can find out formula I is the highest for egg hatching rate, higher by 19.5% than contrast (bright corn).
The impact of four kinds of formula feeds of table 3 on the dichocrocis punctiferalis survival rate
(3) pupa weight:
The female worm pupa heavy (0.073g) that takes food formula I is significantly higher than other formulas; Although formula I contrasts (bright corn) low 0.001g, between the two without significant difference; Without significant difference, be respectively 0.064g, 0.060g and 0.058g between formula I V, formula I I and formula I II.
Take food the male worm pupa heavy (0.077g) of formula I, be significantly higher than other formulas, and exceed 0.008g than contrast (bright corn), form significant difference; Secondly be formula I II(0.060g) and formula I V(0.055g), formula I I(0.049g) minimum.
Average pupa is heavy identical with male worm pupa conspicuousness trend heavily, and formula I the highest (0.075g) and contrasts (bright corn) and other equal difference of respectively filling a prescription is remarkable.
Four kinds of formula feed impacts heavy on the dichocrocis punctiferalis pupa of table 4
(4) Life of Adult and single female egg laying amount:
As can be seen from Table 5, the man-made feeds of four kinds of different amounts proportionings all have impact in various degree to dichocrocis punctiferalis Life of Adult and fecundity.Female, the male imago average life span that take food formula I II are respectively 13.2d and 23.3d, are significantly higher than other formulas.From single female egg laying amount, formula I V(107.1 grain) and formula I (97.9) although the contrast (bright corn) (112.9) lower slightly, but between the two, and with contrast between (bright corn) all without significant difference, and apparently higher than the raising result of other formulas.
The impact of four kinds of formula feeds of table 5 on dichocrocis punctiferalis Life of Adult and single female egg laying amount
(5) dichocrocis punctiferalis population given age life table:
Obtain as calculated dichocrocis punctiferalis population given age life table (table 6).From table, parameter can be found out, what the dichocrocis punctiferalis trend index of population was the highest is formula I, reaches 24.404, only than contrast (bright corn) low 7.532; Next is formula I V(1.790) and formula I II(1.789), formula I I is minimum, is 0.142.
For intrinsic rate of increase, the highest is also formula I, is 0.060, only than contrast (bright corn) low 0.011; Secondly be formula I II(0.008), other formulas are all negatives, belong to the decline state, are respectively formula I V(-0.002), formula I I(-0.026).
For finite rate of increase, the highest still formula I, reach 1.06, only than contrast (bright corn) low 0.12; Secondly be formula I II(1.01), formula I V(1.00) and formula I I(0.97) lower.
The life table parameters of table 6 dichocrocis punctiferalis on the different formulations feed
By above result, can be learnt, the man-made feeds made from formula I are raised the dichocrocis punctiferalis larva, every indexes such as its generation development duration, survival rate, heavy, the single female egg laying amount of average pupa, intrinsic rate of increase, trend index of population and finite rate of increase all obviously are better than other formulas, and the survival rate of its larva and pupa, and average pupa weight average is better than contrast (bright corn) raising result.
The dichocrocis punctiferalis laboratory population generation survival rate of raising in view of the formula I feed is high, grows neatly, and every indexes such as intrinsic rate of increase, trend index of population and finite rate of increase are all higher, thinks that formula I can be used as the preferred man-made feeds formula of raising dichocrocis punctiferalis.
The above; be only the present invention's specific embodiment preferably, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (6)
1. dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds are filled a prescription, it is characterized in that, this feed is comprised of rice-chestnut powder, corn flour, peach powder, soy meal, beer yeast powder, multivita-glucose, cholesterol, casein, ascorbic acid, erythromycin, agar powder, methyl hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and water.
2. dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds formula according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the consumption of each raw material of described feed by mass parts is:
Rice-chestnut powder 40, corn flour 90, peach powder 10, soy meal 30, beer yeast powder 30, multivita-glucose 10, casein 10, cholesterol 0.1, ascorbic acid 2, erythromycin 3, agar powder 10, methyl hydroxybenzoate 1, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 2 and water 700.
3. dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds formula according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described hydromining distilled water.
4. the preparation method of dichocrocis punctiferalis man-made feeds, is characterized in that, adopts the described formula of claims 1 to 3 any one, comprises the following steps:
The first step: according to recipe ingredient and consumption, the corresponding rice-chestnut powder of weighing, corn flour, peach powder, soy meal and beer yeast powder, put into 30 minutes formation mixtures of pot steaming stand-by after mixing;
Second step: water intaking is put into pot and is heated, and after adding the continuous stirring of agar powder to make it fully to dissolve, adds multivita-glucose simultaneously, stirs and makes it to be dissolved in agar solution, and wherein, the consumption of water is 20 times of agar powder consumption;
The 3rd step, when the agar solution of making until second step is cooled to 60 ℃, add methyl hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, erythromycin, ascorbic acid and cholesterol, and each component mixes makes homogenate;
The 4th step: the mixture furnishing pasty state first step made with remaining water, pour in the homogenate that the 3rd step makes, the limit bevelling is poured in container after being stirred to evenly, to be cooled to gel state, open container and be placed on 4 ℃ of refrigerations after 24 hours, make the man-made feeds of dichocrocis punctiferalis.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described the 3rd step, each component mixes process temperature and is controlled at below 60 ℃.
6. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the described man-made feeds that make dichocrocis punctiferalis will be preserved under frozen state.
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| CN104304694A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-28 | 河南科技大学 | Conogethes punctiferalis artificial forage, preparation method and secondary culture method |
| CN104920824A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-23 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Feed for raising chilo venosatus walkers and preparation method of feed |
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| CN106212397B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2019-05-31 | 青岛真源生物技术有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of aphidius gifuensis |
| CN106954765A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-18 | 广东人为峰健康管理有限公司 | A kind of insect feedstuff of green safety and its preparation method and application |
| CN107853251A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-30 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of method of a large amount of dichocrocis punctiferalis test worms of continuous quick obtaining |
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