CN103652441B - Chilo suppressalis artificial feed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a chilo suppressalis artificial feed and a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) picking fresh water bamboo stems for chopping, removing green, drying and smashing, and smashing compound vitamin B, vitamin C, baked soybean and flesh corn; (2) putting glucose, saccharose, compound vitamin B and vitamin C into a beaker, adding distilled water to dissolve the mixture to be used as a component A; (3) uniformly mixing weighed soybean meal, malt flour, yeast powder and water bamboo stem powder to be used as a component B; (4) heating agar for melting with water, adding sorbic acid for boiling and cooling, adding choline chloride and cholesterol, and using the mixture as a component C for standby application; (5) pouring the component A into the component B for uniformly stirring, then adding the component C for continuously, fully and uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture into a preservation box, and putting in a refrigerator for preservation at 4 DEG C after completely cooling and solidification. The chilo suppressalis artificial feed has the characteristics of being low in cost, economic and practical, simplicity and convenience for preparation and the like and is suitable for large-scale, long-term, successive transfer breeding of standard tested insects.

Description

A kind of artificial feed for Chilo borer and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention relates to an artificial feed for insects and a large-scale feeding method, in particular to an artificial feed for Chilo suppressalis and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

Chilo suppressalis Walker (Chilo suppressalis Walker) belongs to Lepidoptera moth family insects, and is one of the most serious frequent pests on rice in my country. It causes dead sheaths and dead seedlings at the tillering stage, and causes insect pests at the earing stage. Injured plants and white spikes. In addition to harming rice, Chilo borer can also harm weeds such as water bamboo, corn, sorghum, sugar cane, rape, broad bean, wheat, reed, barnyardgrass, and Lishihe. In recent years, artificial breeding of herbivorous insects has attracted increasing attention. Artificial breeding is mainly based on two needs: one is used to study basic theoretical topics, such as the study of insect nutrition and physiology, insect ecology, insect toxicity, etc.; the other is used to study pest control, such as the development of new insecticides, Pest resistance research, etc. At present, the key points and research hotspots of the pest control are mainly focused on the research and development of new biopesticides and transgenic insect-resistant rice, while the screening of new biopesticides and the research on the resistance mechanism require a group of insecticides that are not limited by regions or seasons. Batches of identically developed larvae were used for testing.

At present, rice stem borer is mainly fed with natural feeds such as rice seedlings, wild rice stems, water chestnuts or sweet corns. Natural feeds are greatly affected by the seasons, and are easy to rot and deteriorate. Frequent refeeding is likely to cause mechanical damage to the larvae, and the workload is heavy. It is difficult to expand the breeding scale of Chilo borer with natural feed. Therefore, it has become a very important research content to develop the artificial feed of the stem borer and realize a large amount of artificial breeding of the stem borer. The research on the artificial feed of Chilo suppressalis began in the 1960s, and it was first recorded in Japan, followed by Southeast Asia. From the 1970s to the 1980s, the artificial feeds for Chilo borer developed rapidly, and the largest ones were Fuye feeds and Ishii feeds. It is convenient for large-scale breeding. In 1984, Professor Shang Zhizhen of Nankai University in my country also conducted preliminary research on the artificial feed of Chilo suppressalis. In 2005, Professor Zhang Guoan of Huazhong Agricultural University, Liu Huimin and others conducted further in-depth research on the artificial feed of Chilo suppressalis, and obtained an optimized formula. The formula ingredients are complex and diverse, and the nutrition is comprehensive. higher cost. The applicant combined the actual situation of the local area and this laboratory, added some natural ingredients and trace components on the basis of predecessors, and designed a kind of artificial feed for Chilo suppressalis. The formula is simple, labor-saving, and cheap. The test insects are neat and can be reared indoors on a large scale.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to further optimize the feed composition and reduce the feeding cost in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, and provide an artificial feed for Chilo suppressalis and its preparation method and application.

The composition of the artificial feed for Chilo suppressalis is as follows: 3.5-5.0% of soybean powder, 2.0%-3.0% of malt powder, 0.7%-1.0% of corn flour, 3.0%-4.0% of brewer's yeast, 1.4% of rice stem powder %-2%, sucrose 2%-3%, glucose 1.0%-1.4%, agar 1%-1.6%, excipients 0.55%-0.9%, and the rest is water, the excipients include vitamin C, vitamin B complex, chloride Choline, Cholesterol and Sorbic Acid.

The percentages of the auxiliary materials in the total weight of the artificial feed are: 0.2%-0.3% of vitamin C, 0.2%-0.3% of vitamin B, 0.01%-0.04% of choline chloride, 0.04%-0.06% of cholesterol, Sorbic acid 0.1%-0.2%.

The steps of the preparation method of the artificial feed for the stem borer are as follows:

(1) Pick fresh zizania stalks, chop them, kill them, dry them, and crush them. At the same time, crush the complex vitamin B and vitamin C, as well as the roasted soybeans and raw corn for later use;

(2) Put glucose, sucrose, vitamin B complex and vitamin C into a beaker, add distilled water to dissolve, and use it as component A for later use;

(3) Mix the weighed soybean powder, malt powder, yeast powder, and wild rice stem powder, and use it as component B for later use;

(4) Heat the agar with water to melt, then add sorbic acid, boil for 1-2 minutes, cool to 60°C, add choline chloride and cholesterol, and use it as component C for later use;

(5) Pour component A into component B, stir evenly, then add component C, continue to stir well, pour into a fresh-keeping box, cool and solidify completely, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C.

The artificial diet of Chilo suppressalis is used for large-scale, annual and subculture feeding of Chilo borer.

The steps of the described Chilo suppressalis rearing method are as follows:

(1) Insertion of egg mass: cut the artificial feed into strips of 1cm×1cm×2cm, put it into a sterilized rearing box of 18cm×12cm×8cm, cut the egg mass at the blackhead stage from the rice leaf, 75% After wiping and disinfecting with alcohol cotton balls, put them directly on the artificial feed of Chilo borer in the feeding box, and put the feeding box in a greenhouse with a temperature of 27±1°C, a relative humidity of 90%, more than 16 hours of sunlight, and a light intensity of 1000-2000lx. , and at the same time ensure the sanitation and air circulation of the insect culture room;

(2) Feed change: when the larvae hatch to the 3rd instar, change to fresh feed once, and repeat the operation until the larvae of Chilo suppressalis pupate;

(3) Pupa collection: When the larvae reach maturity, they will climb to the vicinity of the cover of the feeding box to prepare for pupation. At this time, take out the mature larvae and place them in a petri dish in time, and put them in a slightly dark place to allow them to pupate. The bottom of the petri dish is covered with wet gauze, and folded filter paper is placed on it;

(4) Adult eclosion management: put the collected pupae into a petri dish lined with wet gauze according to the ratio of male to female ratio of 1.0:1.2, and put them into an oviposition box containing rice seedlings at the tillering stage. 1°C, 90% relative humidity, more than 16 hours of sunlight, and 1000-2000lx light intensity to develop into adult Chilo borer. At the same time, put a petri dish filled with 8%-10% fresh honey water in the egg-laying cage edible by adults;

(5) Adult egg collection: Observe whether there are egg masses produced in the egg-laying cage every day. After finding the egg masses, cut them off with scissors, disinfect them with 70% alcohol and rinse them with water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist gauze. The egg masses of the eggs were placed in a low-temperature place for treatment, so that the development progress of the successively produced egg masses was consistent. After 5 days, the eggs entered the blackhead stage, and the blackhead stage was put into the breeding box.

The beneficial effect that the present invention has compared with prior art is:

1) The raw materials of this feed are common nutrients, which are easy to obtain, simple formula, convenient to keep fresh and store, and have good antiseptic effect. The whole generation only needs to change the feed twice, which greatly reduces labor intensity.

2) The feed has strong applicability and contains sucrose and glucose, the food stimulating factors of Chilo borer. Chilo borer likes to eat and develops normally. It is raised under the environmental conditions of temperature of 27±1°C, relative humidity of 90%, sunlight for more than 16 hours, and light intensity of 1000-2000lx. The average pupa weight of C. The period was 35.78 days, the average survival rate of larvae was 86.67%, the average pupation rate of larvae was 86.22%, the eclosion rate was 76.33%, the average egg production per female was 80.11, and the egg hatching rate was 93.11%. The rearing results showed that compared with the natural feed Zizania stems, the survival rate, pupation rate and pupa weight of Chilo suppressalis larvae were all improved, and other biological indicators were comparable. Moreover, the feed has a good antiseptic effect, and the feed only needs to be replaced once to complete a generation. The production of the feed is not limited by seasons, and the purpose of feeding standard Chilo borer test insects in large quantities, on an annual basis, and in succession is achieved.

3) The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of numerous formulas in the past, has the characteristics of simple preparation, low price, economical and practical, and is suitable for large-scale, long-term, subculture breeding of standard test insects. It is of great significance to study the biology, ecology, bioassay of insecticides and the mechanism of resistance of C. borer to insecticides.

Detailed ways

The composition of the artificial feed for Chilo suppressalis is as follows: 3.5-5.0% of soybean powder, 2.0%-3.0% of malt powder, 0.7%-1.0% of corn flour, 3.0%-4.0% of brewer's yeast, 1.4% of rice stem powder %-2%, sucrose 2%-3%, glucose 1.0%-1.4%, agar 1%-1.6%, excipients 0.55%-0.9%, and the rest is water. The auxiliary materials include vitamin C, vitamin B complex, choline chloride, cholesterol and sorbic acid.

The percentages of the auxiliary materials in the total weight of the artificial feed are: 0.2%-0.3% of vitamin C, 0.2%-0.3% of vitamin B, 0.01%-0.04% of choline chloride, 0.04%-0.06% of cholesterol, Sorbic acid 0.1%-0.2%.

Below in conjunction with example the present invention is described in further detail:

Embodiment 1: (preparation of 1000g artificial feed)

Feed formula:

The steps of the preparation method of the artificial feed for the stem borer are as follows:

(1) Pick fresh zizania stalks, chop them, kill them, dry them, and crush them. At the same time, crush the complex vitamin B and vitamin C, as well as the roasted soybeans and raw corn for later use;

(2) Put glucose, sucrose, vitamin B complex and vitamin C into a beaker, add distilled water to dissolve, and use it as component A for later use;

(3) Mix the weighed soybean powder, malt powder, yeast powder, and wild rice stem powder, and use it as component B for later use;

(4) Heat the agar with water to melt, then add sorbic acid, boil for 1 min, cool to 60°C, add choline chloride and cholesterol, and use it as component C for later use;

(5) Pour component A into component B, stir evenly, then add component C, continue to stir well, pour into a fresh-keeping box, cool and solidify completely, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C.

The steps of feeding method of Chilo borer are as follows:

(1) Insertion of egg mass: cut the artificial feed into strips of 1cm×1cm×2cm, put it into a sterilized rearing box of 18cm×12cm×8cm, cut the egg mass at the blackhead stage from the rice leaf, 75% After wiping and disinfecting with alcohol cotton balls, put them directly on the artificial feed of Chilo borer in the feeding box, and place the feeding box in a greenhouse with a temperature of 27±1°C, a relative humidity of 90%, sunlight for more than 16 hours, and a light intensity of 1000 lx. To ensure the hygienic cleanliness and air circulation of the insect breeding room;

(2) Feed change: when the larvae hatch to the 3rd instar, change to fresh feed once, and repeat the operation until the larvae of Chilo suppressalis pupate;

(3) Pupa collection: When the larvae reach maturity, they will climb to the vicinity of the cover of the feeding box to prepare for pupation. At this time, take out the mature larvae and place them in a petri dish in time, and put them in a slightly dark place to allow them to pupate. The bottom of the petri dish is covered with wet gauze, and folded filter paper is placed on it;

(4) Adult eclosion management: put the collected pupae into a petri dish lined with wet gauze according to the ratio of male to female ratio of 1.0:1.2, and put them into an oviposition box containing rice seedlings at the tillering stage. Under the conditions of 1°C, relative humidity of 90%, sunlight for more than 16 hours, and light intensity of 1000lx, adults of Chilo suppressalis develop into adults. At the same time, a petri dish filled with 8% fresh honey water is placed in an egg-laying cage for adults to eat;

(5) Adult egg collection: Observe whether there are egg masses produced in the egg-laying cage every day. After finding the egg masses, cut them off with scissors, disinfect them with 70% alcohol and rinse them with water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist gauze. The egg masses of the eggs were placed in a low-temperature place for treatment, so that the development progress of the successively produced egg masses was consistent. After 5 days, the eggs entered the blackhead stage, and the blackhead stage was put into the breeding box.

Embodiment 2: (preparation of 1000g artificial feed)

Feed formula:

The steps of the preparation method of the artificial feed for the stem borer are as follows:

(1) Pick fresh zizania stalks, chop them, kill them, dry them, and crush them. At the same time, crush the complex vitamin B and vitamin C, as well as the roasted soybeans and raw corn for later use;

(2) Put glucose, sucrose, vitamin B complex and vitamin C into a beaker, add distilled water to dissolve, and use it as component A for later use;

(3) Mix the weighed soybean powder, malt powder, yeast powder, and wild rice stem powder, and use it as component B for later use;

(4) Heat the agar with water to melt, then add sorbic acid, boil for 2 minutes, cool to 60°C, add choline chloride and cholesterol, and use it as component C for later use;

(5) Pour component A into component B, stir evenly, then add component C, continue to stir well, pour into a fresh-keeping box, cool and solidify completely, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C.

The artificial diet of Chilo suppressalis is used for large-scale, annual and subculture feeding of Chilo borer.

The steps of the described Chilo suppressalis rearing method are as follows:

(1) Insertion of egg mass: cut the artificial feed into strips of 1cm×1cm×2cm, put it into a sterilized rearing box of 18cm×12cm×8cm, cut the egg mass at the blackhead stage from the rice leaf, 75% After wiping and disinfecting with alcohol cotton balls, put them directly on the artificial feed of Chilo borer in the feeding box, and place the feeding box in a greenhouse with a temperature of 27±1°C, a relative humidity of 90%, sunlight for more than 16 hours, and a light intensity of 2000 lx. To ensure the hygienic cleanliness and air circulation of the insect breeding room;

(2) Feed change: when the larvae hatch to the 3rd instar, change to fresh feed once, and repeat the operation until the larvae of Chilo suppressalis pupate;

(3) Pupa collection: When the larvae reach maturity, they will climb to the vicinity of the cover of the feeding box to prepare for pupation. At this time, take out the mature larvae and place them in a petri dish in time, and put them in a slightly dark place to allow them to pupate. The bottom of the petri dish is covered with wet gauze, and folded filter paper is placed on it;

(4) Adult eclosion management: put the collected pupae into a petri dish lined with wet gauze according to the ratio of male to female ratio of 1.0:1.2, and put them into an oviposition box containing rice seedlings at the tillering stage. Under the conditions of 1°C, relative humidity of 90%, sunlight for more than 16 hours, and light intensity of 2000 lx, adults of Chilo borer develop into adults. At the same time, put a petri dish filled with 10% fresh honey water in an egg-laying cage for adults to eat;

(5) Adult egg collection: Observe whether there are egg masses produced in the egg-laying cage every day. After finding the egg masses, cut them off with scissors, disinfect them with 70% alcohol and rinse them with water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist gauze. The egg masses of the eggs were placed in a low-temperature place for treatment, so that the development progress of the successively produced egg masses was consistent. After 5 days, the eggs entered the blackhead stage, and the blackhead stage was put into the breeding box. Continuous feeding for 3 generations.

Example 3: Comparative experiment on the effect of artificial feed and natural feed Zizania stalks raising Chilo borer

Test materials and methods:

The source of the tested insects: the mature larvae were collected from the Jiaobai field of Dongjia, Tongxiang, and raised indoors until they pupated, the adults emerged, and after laying eggs, the egg masses were collected as the tested insect source. The insect source was used for continuous feeding for 3 generations.

Test feed:

Natural Zizania stem: Zhejiao 911 from the Zizania Field of the Green Net Room of the Key Laboratory of Biometrics, Inspection and Quarantine of Zhejiang Province.

Artificial feed: adopt the feed described in embodiment 1,2

Test method: The test insect feeding method refers to the method described in Example 1, continuously feeding for 3 generations, each generation is provided with artificial feed and 2 treatments of wild rice stems, each treatment is repeated 3 times, each repetition 100, each generation of feeding process The developmental period of larvae, survival rate, pupal weight, pupal stage, egg production and egg hatching rate were recorded in the experiment. This experiment was completed in Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Biometrics, Inspection and Quarantine from June 2013 to November 2013.

Statistics:

EXCEL was used for preliminary analysis of data, and SPSS 18.0 software was used for analysis of variance and significance test for all data.

The specific experimental data can be seen in Table 1.

The feed was fed continuously for 3 generations, the average pupal weight of Chilo suppressalis was 73.33mg, the average duration of larvae was 35.78 days, the average survival rate of larvae was 86.67%, the average pupation rate of larvae was 86.22%, and the eclosion rate was 76.33%. The female lays 80.11 eggs, and the egg hatching rate is 93.11%. The rearing results showed that compared with the natural feed Zizania stems, the survival rate, pupation rate and pupa weight of Chilo suppressalis larvae were all improved, and other biological indicators were comparable. Moreover, the feed has a good antiseptic effect, and the feed only needs to be replaced once to complete a generation. The production of the feed is not limited by seasons, and the purpose of feeding standard Chilo borer test insects in large quantities, on an annual basis, and in succession is achieved.

Table 1 Comparison of the effects of continuous feeding of Chilo borer with artificial feed and natural feed

Note: The data in this table are mean ± standard deviation. Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant difference (P=0.05)

Claims (3)

1. the preparation method of a chilo suppressalis artificial feed, it is characterized in that, with weight, it consists of described chilo suppressalis artificial feed: soy meal 3.5-5.0%, malt flour 2.0%-3.0%, corn flour 0.7%-1.0%, brewer's yeast 3.0%-4.0%, wild rice stem stem powder 1.4%-2%, sucrose 2%-3%, glucose 1.0%-1.4%, agar 1%-1.6%, auxiliary material 0.55%-0.9%, all the other are water, and described auxiliary material comprises vitamin C, vitamin B compound, Choline Chloride, cholesterol and sorbic acid; The step of its preparation method is as follows:

(1) the wild rice stem stem that picking is fresh, shreds, completes, dries, pulverizes, meanwhile, by vitamin B compound and vitamin C and dry ripe soybean and raw crush maize is for subsequent use;

(2) glucose, sucrose, vitamin B compound and vitamin C are put into beaker, adding distil water dissolves, for subsequent use as component A;

(3) soy meal weighed up, malt flour, brewer's yeast, wild rice stem stem powder are mixed, for subsequent use as B component;

(4) with water by agar, then add sorbic acid, boil 1-2min, be cooled to 60 DEG C, add Choline Chloride and cholesterol, for subsequent use as component C;

(5) pour component A into B component, stir, then add component C, continue to stir, pour in crisper, complete cooled and solidified is placed on 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores.

2. the preparation method of chilo suppressalis artificial feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that the percentage composition that described auxiliary material accounts for man-made feeds gross weight is: vitamin C 0.2%-0.3%, vitamin B compound 0.2%-0.3%, Choline Chloride 0.01%-0.04%, cholesterol 0.04%-0.06%, sorbic acid 0.1%-0.2%.

3. the application of chilo suppressalis artificial feed prepared of method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in enormous quantities, anniversary, continuously rearing striped rice borer; Successive Mass Rearing of The Rice Stem Borer Chilo Suppressalis Walker is as follows:

(1) pieces of an egg access: strip man-made feeds being cut into 1 cm × 1 cm × 2cm, put into the raising box 18cm × 12 cm × 8cm after sterilization, the pieces of an egg of blackhead phase are cut from rice leaf, directly be put in after the cotton ball soaked in alcohol cleaning disinfection of 75% and raise on box chilo suppressalis artificial feed, raising box being placed in temperature is 27 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity 90%, day more than illumination 16h, raise in the greenhouse of intensity of illumination 1000-2000lx, hygiene and the air circulation of insectary will be guaranteed simultaneously;

(2) reload: larvae hatch to 3 changes 1 fresh man-made feeds during age, repeat to Chilo spp larvae and pupate;

(3) pupa collection: when larva reaches aging, can climb and prepare to pupate near raising box lid, now, is taken out by mature larva in time and is placed in culture dish, be put in slightly dark place and allow it pupate, spread with moistening gauze, above put folded filter paper bottom culture dish;

(4) adult eclosion management: be placed in the culture dish being lined with wet gauze by collecting the ratio of pupa according to sex ration 1.0:1.2, put into the case of laying eggs being loaded with rice seedlings in tillering stage, equally in temperature be 27 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity 90%, under day more than illumination 16h, intensity of illumination 1000-2000lx condition, grow for rice stem borer, meanwhile, the culture dish filling with 8%-10% Fresh Honey water is placed in cage of laying eggs and eats for adult;

(5) worm's ovum collection is become: whether every day observes cage of laying eggs has pieces of an egg to produce, find to cut with 70% alcohol disinfecting with scissors after pieces of an egg and with after water flushing, be placed in the culture dish being lined with moistening gauze, the pieces of an egg of first output are put in low temperature manage everywhere, make the merogony progress of successively product consistent, after 5 days, worm's ovum enters the blackhead phase, is put into the blackhead phase and raises box.