CN110169492B - Artificial feed for harmonia axyridis larvae as well as preparation method and application of artificial feed - Google Patents
Artificial feed for harmonia axyridis larvae as well as preparation method and application of artificial feed Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 241000199694 Harmonia axyridis Species 0.000 title claims description 51
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940046001 vitamin b complex Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000255749 Coccinellidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000006677 Vicia faba Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000002098 Vicia faba var. major Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000426497 Chilo suppressalis Species 0.000 description 11
- 241000534460 Ampullaria Species 0.000 description 10
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
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- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241000253994 Acyrthosiphon pisum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 206010022524 Intentional self-injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 241000219843 Pisum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000005560 Self Mutilation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000009298 Trigla lyra Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000443 biocontrol Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/30—Rearing or breeding invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种异色瓢虫幼虫人工饲料及其制备方法和应用。它的步骤如下：(1)将福寿螺卵块，置于匀浆器中，加入适量灭菌水匀浆，过滤去掉卵壳，作为A组分。(2)将复合维生素B和维生素C粉碎，过滤去掉大颗粒；(3)将葡萄糖、蔗糖、复合维生素B及维生素C放入烧杯中，加入蒸馏水溶解，作为B组分；(4)大豆粉、二化螟蛹粉和酵母粉混匀，作为C组分；(5)用水将琼脂加热融化，再加入山梨酸，蜂蜜，煮沸，冷却，加入胆固醇，作为D组分备用；(6)将A组分，B组分和C组分加在一起，搅拌均匀，再加入D组分，继续充分搅拌均匀。本发明具有价格低廉、经济实用、配制简便等特点，适于标准试虫的大规模、长期、继代饲养。The invention discloses an artificial feed for the larvae of lady beetle axyridis and a preparation method and application thereof. The steps of the method are as follows: (1) Place the egg mass of Snail snail in a homogenizer, add an appropriate amount of sterilized water to homogenize, filter and remove the egg shell, and use it as the A component. (2) Pulverize vitamin B complex and vitamin C, and filter to remove large particles; (3) Put glucose, sucrose, vitamin B complex and vitamin C into a beaker, add distilled water to dissolve, and use as B component; (4) Soybean flour , Diploxin pupa powder and yeast powder are mixed, as C component; (5) agar is heated and melted with water, then add sorbic acid, honey, boil, cool, add cholesterol, as D component for subsequent use; (6) by Add component A, component B and component C together, stir evenly, then add component D, and continue to stir thoroughly. The invention has the characteristics of low price, economy and practicality, simple and convenient preparation, etc., and is suitable for large-scale, long-term and sub-generation breeding of standard test worms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial insect feed and a large-scale feeding method, in particular to an artificial harmonia axyridis feed and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The Harmonia axyridis is a common predatory natural enemy, belongs to Coleoptera (Coleoptera) in Harmonia axyridis, and is widely distributed in various areas (Liuzhao, etc., 2009) except hongkong in China, has the characteristics of strong adaptability, wide feeding property, large feeding amount, strong fertility and the like, has a strong control effect on eggs of aphids, whiteflies, scale insects, mites and lepidoptera pests, is currently used as an advantageous natural enemy and is widely concerned in world biocontrol research and application (Koch, 2003). At present, the application of harmonia axyridis in biological control is mainly limited by large-scale artificial feeding and industrial production, and is particularly reflected in the lack of artificial feed with low cost and good feeding effect; the feeding technology is not perfect enough, the collection of eggs and pupa is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the self-mutilation can not be effectively reduced, etc.
The harmonia axyridis as an excellent predatory natural enemy insect has important application value in biological control due to wide adaptability and excellent pest control capability. Although natural prey can well meet the nutritional requirements of growth, development and mass propagation of the harmonia axyridis, the natural prey is complex in operation, difficult to control and high in cost, and cannot be used in mass production of the harmonia axyridis in a factory, so that the development of a suitable artificial feed is necessary for realizing the artificial large-scale propagation of the harmonia axyridis in biological control. Artificial mass rearing is an important basis for application of natural enemies, and the traditional rearing method mainly depends on natural prey. This plant-pest-natural enemy feeding system is extremely space and labor demanding, costly, and often difficult to maintain continuously. In the practice of mass rearing of predatory natural enemies, the use of artificial feed or alternative food in place of natural prey is an important method.
In recent decades, scholars at home and abroad have made a great deal of research on artificial feed for harmonia axyridis. The research of the artificial feed for predatory ladybug in China begins in the later stage of the 50 th century, and the research on practical feed is more and makes great progress. Among them, the research report on the artificial feed for harmonia axyridis is found in the later 70 th generation of the 20 th century. The research on the artificial feed for the harmonia axyridis is the basis for the next large-scale feeding, and is the premise of the application of the artificial feed as a biological control means. The physical form of the artificial feed has a significant influence on the feeding effect (zhang 23678, 2014). In order to adapt to the chewing mouthparts of the harmonia axyridis and facilitate the taking of the harmonia axyridis, the artificial feed is designed into a solid form or is wrapped in a proper mode. The existing artificial feed for harmonia axyridis is pasty feed for some and powdery feed for others, which are not convenient for taking. In the process of feeding the harmonia axyridis indoors, the shortage of aphid sources and the limitation of seasons affect the artificial mass feeding and breeding of the harmonia axyridis, so that the biological control work in the next year cannot be normally carried out.
The applicant designs an artificial feed for harmonia axyridis, which is simple, convenient and feasible in formula, labor-saving, low in cost, regular in insect testing and capable of being used for indoor large-scale feeding, by combining the actual conditions of local and the laboratory and adding eggs and chilo suppressalis larva powder invading harmful organisms of ampullaria gigas on the basis of predecessors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to further optimize feed components and reduce feed cost aiming at the defects, and provides the harmonia axyridis larva feed and the preparation method and the application thereof.
The invention firstly discloses an artificial feed for harmonia axyridis larvae, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-15% of ampullaria gigas eggs, 4-5% of soybean meal, 4-10% of yeast powder, 5-10% of chilo suppressalis pupa powder, 0.2-0.3% of vitamin B complex, 0.15-0.2% of vitamin C, 2-3% of glucose, 3-4% of sucrose, 5-10% of honey, 1-1.5% of agar and 0.1-0.15% of auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the auxiliary materials comprise cholesterol and sorbic acid. Furthermore, the components in the auxiliary materials account for 0.04-0.05% of cholesterol and 0.05-0.1% of sorbic acid in the feed by weight percentage.
The preparation method of the artificial feed for the harmonia axyridis larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting fresh ampullaria gigas egg blocks, placing the fresh ampullaria gigas egg blocks in a homogenizer, adding sterilized water for homogenizing, filtering homogenate by a 100-mesh filter screen, removing egg shells, and placing filtrate in a beaker to serve as a component A;
(2) respectively crushing the vitamin B complex and the vitamin C, and filtering by using a 100-mesh filter screen to remove large particles;
(3) putting glucose, sucrose, the vitamin B complex treated in the step (2) and the vitamin C treated in the step (2) into a beaker, and adding distilled water to dissolve the components to obtain a component B;
(4) uniformly mixing the weighed soybean meal, chilo suppressalis pupa powder and yeast powder to obtain a component C;
(5) adding agar into water, heating to melt agar, adding sorbic acid and Mel, boiling, cooling, and adding cholesterol as component D;
(6) and adding the component A, the component B and the component C together, stirring uniformly, adding the component D, continuously and fully stirring uniformly, pouring into a preservation box, completely cooling and solidifying, and then placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for storage.
Preferably, the soybean powder in step (4) is prepared by crushing the baked soybean and filtering the crushed soybean with a 100-mesh filter screen to remove large particles; the Chilo suppressalis pupa powder is prepared by crushing Chilo suppressalis pupae and filtering the crushed Chilo suppressalis pupae by using a 100-mesh filter screen to remove large particles.
The invention also discloses application of the artificial feed for the harmonia axyridis larvae, which is used for feeding mass, annual and subculture harmonia axyridis larvae.
The breeding method of the harmonia axyridis larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) egg mass access: cutting the artificial feed into blocks of 0.5cm multiplied by 1cm, putting the blocks into a sterilized feeding box of 18cm multiplied by 12cm multiplied by 8cm, cutting off the eggs in the black stage from the broad bean leaves, directly putting the eggs into the feeding box after wiping the sterilized eggs with alcohol cotton balls, putting the feeding box into a greenhouse with the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity of 60-70%, the daily illumination of more than 16h and the illumination intensity of 1000 plus or minus 2000lx for feeding, and simultaneously ensuring the sanitation and cleanness and the air circulation of the feeding room;
(2) material changing: changing fresh feed for 1 time when the larva is incubated to 1 year, changing feed for 1 time every 3 days, and repeating the operation until pupation occurs;
(3) collecting pupas: when the larvae are mature, the larvae climb to the position near the box cover of the feeding box to prepare for pupation, at the moment, the mature larvae are taken out and placed in a new feeding box, and the folded filter paper is placed in the new feeding box to pupate;
(4) adult eclosion management: and (3) collecting pupae according to the male-female ratio of 1.0: 1.2, placing the mixture in a culture dish padded with wet gauze, and developing into the harmonia axyridis imagoes under the conditions that the temperature is 24 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 60-70%, the daily illumination is more than 16h, and the illumination intensity is 1000-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the ampullaria gigas is an important external invasive pest in China, and the ampullaria gigas eggs selected in the feed formula are beneficial to inhibiting the diffusion of the ampullaria gigas. The ampullaria gigas eggs are rich in nutritional ingredients such as protein and the like, are very important for the development of the larvae of the harmonia axyridis and are easy to obtain. Chilo suppressalis larva powder is selected, and growth and development of harmonia axyridis larvae are facilitated. In addition, the feed is convenient to preserve and store, has a good anti-corrosion effect, and only needs to change the feed for three times in the whole generation, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity.
2) The invention overcomes the defects of various formulas, influence on breeding of the harmonia axyridis and the like in the prior art, has the advantages of simple and convenient preparation, low price, economy, practicability, no adverse influence on breeding and the like, and is suitable for large-scale, long-term and subculture breeding of standard test insects.
3) The feed disclosed by the invention is favored by the harmonia axyridis larvae to take, is stored at a low temperature for one month for a long guarantee period and cannot deteriorate, and can be used for indoor large-scale breeding of the harmonia axyridis. After the feed is fed, the survival rate and the eclosion rate of the larvae are not greatly different from those of a control (aphid is eaten). The egg laying rate, egg laying amount and hatching rate of the adult after eating the aphids are not greatly different from those of the adult bred with the natural prey aphids. The feed saves time and labor, has no adverse effect on breeding of the harmonia axyridis, and can well complete life history or normal spawning after eating the artificial feed. Therefore, the invention can be used for breeding the harmonia axyridis larvae.
Detailed Description
Example 1: (preparation of 100g of Artificial feed)
The feed formula comprises:
the preparation method of the artificial feed for the harmonia axyridis larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting fresh ampullaria gigas egg blocks, placing the egg blocks in a homogenizer, adding 3mL of sterile water for homogenizing, filtering the homogenate by a 100-mesh filter screen, removing egg shells, and placing the filtrate in a beaker to serve as a component A.
(2) Crushing compound vitamin B, vitamin C, baked soybean and chilo suppressalis pupae, and filtering by using a 100-mesh filter screen to remove large particles;
(3) putting glucose, sucrose, vitamin B complex and vitamin C into a beaker, and adding distilled water to dissolve the components to obtain a component B;
(4) uniformly mixing the weighed soybean meal, chilo suppressalis pupa powder and yeast powder to obtain a component C;
(5) heating agar with water to melt, adding sorbic acid and Mel, boiling, cooling, and adding cholesterol as component D;
(6) adding the component A, the component B and the component C together, stirring uniformly, adding the component D, continuously and fully stirring uniformly, pouring into a preservation box, completely cooling and solidifying, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 DEG C
The artificial feed for the harmonia axyridis larvae is used for mass, annual and subculture breeding of the harmonia axyridis.
The method for breeding the harmonia axyridis comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) egg mass access: cutting the artificial feed into blocks of 0.5cm multiplied by 1cm, placing the blocks into a sterilized feeding box of 18cm multiplied by 12cm multiplied by 8cm, cutting off the egg blocks in the black period from cotton leaves, directly placing the eggs in the feeding box after wiping and sterilizing 75% alcohol cotton balls, placing the feeding box in a greenhouse with the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity of 60-70%, the daily illumination of more than 16h and the illumination intensity of 1000 plus materials of 2000lx for feeding, and simultaneously ensuring the sanitation and cleanness and the air circulation of the insect feeding room;
(2) material changing: changing fresh feed for 1 time when the larva is incubated to 1 year, changing feed for 1 time every 3 days, and repeating the operation until pupation occurs;
(3) collecting pupas: when the larvae are mature, the larvae climb to the position near the box cover of the breeding box to be pupated, at the moment, the mature larvae are taken out in time and placed in a new breeding box, and folding filter paper is placed in the box to pupate the larvae;
(4) adult eclosion management: and (3) collecting pupae according to the male-female ratio of 1.0: 1.2, placing the mixture in a culture dish padded with wet gauze, and developing into the harmonia axyridis imagoes under the conditions that the temperature is 24 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 60-70%, the daily illumination is over 16 hours, and the illumination intensity is 1000-.
Example 2: (preparation of 100g of Artificial feed)
The feed formula comprises:
the preparation method of the artificial feed for the harmonia axyridis larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting fresh ampullaria gigas egg blocks, placing the egg blocks in a homogenizer, adding 3mL of sterile water for homogenizing, filtering the homogenate by a 100-mesh filter screen, removing egg shells, and placing the filtrate in a beaker to serve as a component A.
(2) Crushing compound vitamin B, vitamin C, baked soybean and chilo suppressalis pupae, and filtering by using a 100-mesh filter screen to remove large particles;
(3) putting glucose, sucrose, vitamin B complex and vitamin C into a beaker, and adding distilled water to dissolve the components to obtain a component B;
(4) uniformly mixing the weighed soybean meal, chilo suppressalis pupa powder and yeast powder to obtain a component C;
(5) heating agar with water to melt, adding sorbic acid and Mel, boiling, cooling, and adding cholesterol as component D;
(6) adding the component A, the component B and the component C together, stirring uniformly, adding the component D, continuously and fully stirring uniformly, pouring into a preservation box, completely cooling and solidifying, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 DEG C
The artificial feed for the harmonia axyridis larvae is used for mass, annual and subculture breeding of the harmonia axyridis.
The method for breeding the harmonia axyridis comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) egg mass access: cutting the artificial feed into blocks of 0.5cm multiplied by 1cm, placing the blocks into a sterilized feeding box of 18cm multiplied by 12cm multiplied by 8cm, cutting off the egg blocks in the black period from cotton leaves, directly placing the eggs in the feeding box after wiping and sterilizing 75% alcohol cotton balls, placing the feeding box in a greenhouse with the temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity of 60-70%, the daily illumination of more than 16h and the illumination intensity of 1000 plus materials of 2000lx for feeding, and simultaneously ensuring the sanitation and cleanness and the air circulation of the insect feeding room;
(2) material changing: changing fresh feed for 1 time when the larva is incubated to 1 year, changing feed for 1 time every 3 days, and repeating the operation until pupation occurs;
(3) collecting pupas: when the larvae are mature, the larvae climb to the position near the box cover of the breeding box to be pupated, at the moment, the mature larvae are taken out in time and placed in a new breeding box, and folding filter paper is placed in the box to pupate the larvae;
(4) adult eclosion management: and (3) collecting pupae according to the male-female ratio of 1.0: 1.2, placing the mixture in a culture dish padded with wet gauze, and developing into the harmonia axyridis imagoes under the conditions that the temperature is 24 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 60-70%, the daily illumination is over 16 hours, and the illumination intensity is 1000-.
Example 3 comparison of the Effect of Artificial feed on raising harmonia axyridis with Natural prey (Piper pisum)
Artificial feed: the feed of examples 1 and 2 was used
Pea aphids: broad beans are used as host plants and are continuously raised in a room-temperature network room in an important experiment of biometry, inspection and quarantine in the river province.
The test method comprises the following steps: the test insect feeding method refers to the method described in example 1, 3 generations are continuously fed, each generation is provided with 2 treatments of artificial feed and aphids, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, each treatment is repeated for 100 times, and the development history, survival rate, pupa weight, pupa period, egg laying amount and egg hatching rate of the larvae are recorded in the feeding process of each generation.
And (3) data statistics:
the data were analyzed initially using EXCEL and all data were analyzed for variance and significance using SPSS18.0 software.
Specific experimental data are shown in table 1.
The feed is used for continuously feeding 3 generations, the average pupa weight of the harmonia axyridis is 73.33mg, the average growth period of the larvae is 35.78 days, the average survival rate of the larvae is 86.67%, the average pupation rate of the larvae is 86.22%, the eclosion rate is 76.33%, the average single-female egg laying amount is 80.11 eggs, and the egg hatching rate is 93.11%. The breeding result shows that compared with natural prey feed aphid, the survival rate, pupation rate and pupa weight average of the harmonia axyridis larvae are improved, other biological indexes are equivalent, the feed has good antiseptic effect, the production of the feed is not limited by seasons, and the aim of breeding harmonia axyridis in batches, all the year round and subculture is achieved.
TABLE 1 comparison of Effect of continuous rearing of harmonia axyridis with Artificial feed and Natural feed
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