CN113317091A - Method for breeding Spodoptera frugiperda advantage natural enemy gloeosporioides - Google Patents
Method for breeding Spodoptera frugiperda advantage natural enemy gloeosporioides Download PDFInfo
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- CN113317091A CN113317091A CN202110763833.3A CN202110763833A CN113317091A CN 113317091 A CN113317091 A CN 113317091A CN 202110763833 A CN202110763833 A CN 202110763833A CN 113317091 A CN113317091 A CN 113317091A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/30—Rearing or breeding invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding Spodoptera frugiperda advantage natural enemy of Abutilon anisodus by utilizing Spodoptera litura, and specifies Abutilon anisodusC.bifoveolatusThe method has the advantages that a novel technical method for artificially breeding the scale insects by using the spodoptera litura eggs as hosts is provided, the scale insects can be bred and released in a large quantity, the field parasitic rate of the scale insects such as Spodoptera frugiperda is improved, the population quantity of the scale insects is controlled, the harm degree is reduced, the use amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the ecological environment and the food safety are protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method for utilizing prodenia lituraSpodoptera lituraFabricius) breeding Spodoptera frugiperda dominant natural enemy Anoectochilus formosanus (Fabricius)Chelonus bifoveolatus A Sz piepligneti) method, relates to a breeding technology of a corbernet beetle, and belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests.
Background
The method utilizes the parasitic natural enemies as one of the effective means for the biological control of modern agricultural and forestry pests, the artificial breeding and release application of parasitic wasps is an important technical measure for the biological control of the pests, and the industrial breeding and mass release technology represented by trichogramma is adopted. Many available natural enemy insects at home and abroad are not popularized and applied in a large area because suitable alternative hosts and scientific breeding methods cannot be found, and only few natural enemy insects such as trichogramma are successfully used for industrial breeding and release because excellent alternative breeding hosts suitable for artificial breeding, tussah, rice moth, wheat moth eggs and the like are found at present.
The subspecies of the apocynum anisopliae is a very important egg-larva spanning period parasitic wasp, more than 800 species are known in the world, and the apocynum anisopliae has important natural control and regulation effects on a plurality of lepidoptera pests on agricultural and forestry crops; the method is characterized in that after hatching, parasitic wasp larvae feed in host larvae, and when hosts grow to 3-4 th instar, the parasitic wasp mature larvae drill out from the host bodies and cocoate. Use of borer Abdominal cocoon beeChelonus munakatae Munakata is effective in preventing and treating rice stem borer and pink ash borer, or using red bollworm beetle cocoon beeChelonus pectinophorae Cushman prevents and treats pink bollworm and cotton leaf roller egg of cotton field, although the natural enemy is scale-resistantThe winged pests have better control effect, but are difficult to breed in large quantity due to no proper alternative hosts and special breeding characteristics thereof.Chelonus bifoveolatusIs a kind of African-derived cottonworm, is a dominant parasitic wasp for preventing and controlling a major invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda, has no relevant research on biology, artificial feeding and breeding technology at home and abroad, and greatly limits the production, popularization and application of the cottonworm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for breeding Spodoptera frugiperda advantage natural enemy of Abutilon anisodus by utilizing Spodoptera litura, and specifies Abutilon anisodusC. bifoveolatusThe method has the advantages that a novel technical method for artificially breeding the scale insects by using the spodoptera litura eggs as hosts is provided, the scale insects can be bred and released in a large quantity, the field parasitic rate of the scale insects such as Spodoptera frugiperda is improved, the population quantity of the scale insects is controlled, the harm degree is reduced, the use amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the ecological environment and the food safety are protected.
The invention relates to a method for breeding Spodoptera frugiperda advantage natural enemy of Abelmoschus manihot by utilizing Spodoptera litura, which takes Spodoptera frugiperda as a breeding host to carry out mass breeding of Abelmoschus manihot, and comprises the following steps:
1) arrangement of breeding room
The breeding room is provided with equipment for adjusting temperature, humidity and illumination;
placing multiple layers of insect-breeding frames with a layer spacing of 50 cm for insect-breeding and bee-breeding devices indoors, and arranging 6-8 groups of lighting lamps on each layer;
2) fabrication of a Breeding device
The box cover of the insect breeding box is provided with an opening and is covered by a 100-mesh gauze for breeding the larvae of prodenia litura;
the rearing cage is sewn with a 100-mesh insect-proof net, and one side of the rearing cage is provided with an opening and is used for collecting host eggs and rearing adult beetle and abdominal cocoon bees;
3) culture of prodenia litura
Selecting whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks, placing the whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks in a plastic culture dish, preserving moisture and placing the whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks in a breeding room; transferring the larvae into an insect breeding box after the larvae are hatched, providing artificial feed for 100 heads of each box, stopping adding the feed until the aged larvae start to contract, covering a layer of thin cotton as a pupation medium, taking out the cotton after the larvae pupate, and collecting all pupates into the insect breeding box for eclosion;
4) host egg collection
Selecting moth pupas of prodenia litura with dark color, regular development and consistent size, placing the selected moth pupas into a rearing cage, sticking a plastic bag film on the periphery of the inner side of the rearing cage for the prodenia litura adults to lay eggs, providing 20% honey water, collecting the plastic film after the adult moths lay eggs, and cutting off egg laying blocks on the day as fresh host eggs;
5) bee receiving method
Selecting 1-day-old spodoptera litura egg masses, putting the egg masses into an insect breeding box, and then inoculating the Abelmoschus manihot seed bees: selecting female bees 3 days old after full mating, adsorbing 20% honey water with cotton or sponge to provide nutrition for bee seeds, inoculating the bees for 24 h, taking out egg blocks, placing in a pest breeding box, covering the box cover, and placing in a breeding room to culture offspring bees; the temperature of the breeding chamber is controlled at 26 ℃, the relative humidity is kept at 60%, and the indoor ventilation is kept;
6) cocoon collection and storage
18-20 days after the inoculation of the silkworms, the parasitic spodoptera litura larvae start to refuse to eat and spit water, the mature larvae of the leptospermum anisopliae grow out from the broken bodies of the spodoptera litura larvae, silking and cocooning are carried out for 1-2 days, and the cocoons are full and milky; after the parasitized spodoptera litura egg masses are artificially fed, the pupation rate of hosts is below 5%, and the cocoon formation rate of the larvae of the Abelmoschus manihot is above 70%;
7) rejuvenation of bee species
Inoculating Spodoptera frugiperda egg masses (primary host eggs) after parasitic wasps breed for 10-15 generations, placing the parasitized Spodoptera frugiperda in a breeding chamber with the temperature of 26 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60%, breeding until the Abdominal cocoon larvae bite the mature Spodoptera frugiperda, spinning and forming cocoons, and selecting plump and milky Abdominal cocoon bee cocoons for bee species rejuvenation;
the formula of the artificial feed (100 g of dry feed) related to the culture of the prodenia litura in the step 3) of the invention is as follows:
19g of beer yeast powder, 60g of wheat germ powder, 6g of sucrose, 1.6g of methylparaben, 1.6g of sorbic acid, 1.6g of VC1.6g, 0.32g of casein, 0.16g of sodium propionate, 0.12g of aureomycin, 9.6g of agar powder and 4-5 drops of linoleic acid, and the mixture is mixed with 500mL of distilled water to prepare the mixture.
The invention relates to a feeding method of artificial feed for breeding prodenia litura in step 3), which comprises the following steps:
feeding for 4 times before cocoon melting, wherein each box is about 20-30g, and feeding is stopped when host larvae have obvious constriction.
The egg block number and the bee inoculation number related in the step 5) bee inoculation method are such that the ratio of the total number of female flies of the inseminated coilia to the number of eggs of prodenia litura is not higher than 1: 600.
The step 6) of collecting and storing cocoons relates to the collection of cocoons, and filter paper is added to serve as a cocoon melting medium before mature larvae of the batocera formosanus break bodies from host bodies, so that the success rate of cocoon melting can be effectively improved.
The invention has the positive effects that:
discloses a new application of prodenia litura in breeding of the scale cocoon bee, provides a new alternative breeding host, namely prodenia litura egg, and can artificially breed a large amount of parasitic wasps; the method utilizes the characteristics of the prodenia litura such as high egg laying amount, good larva feeding, low breeding cost and the like to establish the method for breeding the aschersonia aleyrodis by breeding the prodenia litura in large quantity by using artificial feedC. bifoveolatusThe method of (1); for mass breeding of the scale bracon hebetor, compared with the spodoptera frugiperda which is the original host, the scales of cocoons and adult braconidia which are bred by the spodoptera litura eggs are larger, which is beneficial to producing more eggs; the armyworm eggs are utilized to breed the anthurium andraeanum, so that death and diseases caused by larva self-mutilation can be reduced, and the cocoon melting rate and emergence rate of the anthurium andraeanum are effectively improved; according to production needs, the breeding room is used for regulating and controlling the emergence time of hosts (prodenia litura) and the elaeis boresii, and the elaeis boresii is bred repeatedly, so that the aim of breeding a large number of the elaeis boresii by using prodenia litura eggs can be fulfilled.
The method improves the breeding efficiency and quality of the elaeis destructor, reduces the breeding cost, and has positive significance for industrially breeding the elaeis destructor which is the natural enemy of the Spodoptera frugiperda advantage.
Detailed Description
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
1. Arrangement of breeding room
The breeding room is provided with a temperature, humidity and illumination device (the temperature is 26 +/-1 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5 percent and the illumination period L: D = 14: 10); an aluminum alloy spliced goods shelf is arranged indoors and is used for insect breeding and bee breeding devices, and the length, the width and the height of the device are generally 160 cm, 60 cm and 180 cm; the three layers are divided, the distance between the layers is 50 cm, the lowest layer is 25 cm-30 cm away from the ground, and each layer is provided with 6-8 groups of lighting tubes for providing required illumination;
2. fabrication of a Breeding device
The insect-breeding box is mainly used for breeding larvae of prodenia litura, and the material is usually a clean odorless PP polypropylene resin round box (1500 mL); the box cover is provided with an opening with the length diameter of 9 cm and is covered by a gauze with 100 meshes so as to be convenient for ventilation, and then the hot melt adhesive is used for sealing the edge to prevent larvae from escaping; the rearing cage is mainly used for collecting host eggs and rearing adult beetle and abdominal cocoon bee, a stainless steel pipe and a plastic three-way pipe combined frame are utilized, a 100-mesh insect-proof net is used for sewing a net cage, and a semicircular zipper bee-connecting port (length multiplied by width multiplied by height =35 cm multiplied by 35 cm) is arranged at one side of the net cage;
3. culture of prodenia litura
Selecting whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks, putting the whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks in a plastic culture dish (with the diameter of 9 cm), simultaneously moisturizing the whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks by using absorbent cotton, and putting the whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks in a breeding room; transferring the larvae into an insect breeding box (100 heads per box) after the larvae are hatched, providing artificial feed (the formula is shown in table 3), observing the feeding of the larvae and the rest condition of the artificial feed every day, supplementing and replacing the larvae in time until the aged larvae start to contract, stopping adding the feed, covering a layer of thin cotton as a pupation medium, taking out the cotton after the larvae pupate, and collecting all pupates into the insect breeding box to treat the pupation. Meanwhile, the insect feces are frequently treated, and the inside of the insect breeding box is kept clean so as to avoid infecting germs;
4. host egg collection
Selecting moth pupas of prodenia litura with dark color, regular development and consistent size, placing the selected moth pupas into a rearing cage, sticking a plastic bag film on the periphery of the inner side of the rearing cage for the prodenia litura adults to lay eggs, providing 20% honey water, collecting the plastic film after the adult moths lay eggs, and cutting off egg laying blocks on the day as fresh host eggs;
5. bee receiving method
Selecting 1 day old egg mass of prodenia litura, placing the egg mass into an insect breeding box, and inoculating a cortefuranC. bifoveolatusBreeding bees (female bees 3 days old after full mating), adsorbing 20% honey water with cotton or sponge to provide nutrition for bee seeds, inoculating bees for 24 hr, taking out egg mass, placing in insect box, covering box cover, and culturing offspring bees in breeding room. The temperature of the breeding chamber is controlled at 26 ℃, the relative humidity is kept at 60%, and the ventilation in the breeding chamber is kept. Part of spodoptera litura egg masses are not used for inoculating bees and are used for host propagation and seed conservation;
6. cocoon collection and storage
18-20 days after the inoculation of the silkworms, the parasitic spodoptera litura larvae start to refuse to eat and spit water, the mature larvae of the leptospermum anisopliae grow out from the broken bodies of the spodoptera litura larvae, silking and cocooning are carried out for 1-2 days, and the cocoons are full and milky; after the parasitized spodoptera litura egg masses are artificially fed, the pupation rate of hosts is below 5%, and the cocoon formation rate of the larvae of the Abelmoschus manihot is above 70%;
7. rejuvenation of bee species
Inoculating Spodoptera frugiperda egg masses (primary host eggs) after parasitic wasps breed for 10-15 generations, placing the parasitized Spodoptera frugiperda in a breeding chamber with the temperature of 26 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60%, breeding until the larvae of the Abdominal cocoon braconidae bite the mature larvae of the Spodoptera frugiperda, spinning and forming cocoons, and selecting plump and milky Abdominal cocoon braconidae cocoons for bee species rejuvenation.
Test example 1
Comparison of development characteristics of Heliothis virescens eggs and prodenia litura eggs
1 materials and methods
1.1 test bee species
A scale-B cocoon bee bred by Spodoptera frugiperda ovum.
1.2 test hosts
Fresh spodoptera litura eggs and spodoptera frugiperda eggs.
1.3 test site
The biological control research institute of Jilin agriculture university.
1.4 test methods
Anthriscus cacumen for breeding spodoptera frugiperda eggsC. bifoveolatusThe female and male bees are inserted into a clean glass test tube (diameter is 2.5 cm, length is 10 cm), 20% honey water is dipped by absorbent cotton for supplementing nutrition, the absorbent cotton is changed at regular time every day, and the female and male bees are respectively inserted after fully mating for 3 days: treating (1) 1 block (80-100 grains) of fresh Spodoptera frugiperda eggs; and (3) treating 1 (80-100) piece of fresh prodenia litura eggs, removing bees after 24 hours, taking out the egg pieces by using forceps, putting the egg pieces into a culture dish, and covering toilet paper. After the larvae are hatched, artificial feed is added, and then each bee-inoculating treatment is placed in a breeding room for continuous development.
When the larvae grow to three ages, the treatment (1) gently transfers the larvae to a six-hole plate (with the diameter of 3.5 cm) for placing artificial feed by using a brush for independent feeding, so that the larvae are prevented from being self-disabled. Observing the development condition of the larvae every day, stopping adding the feed when the host larvae have obvious constriction, and filling cotton as a cocoon-forming medium until the mature larvae of the Apocynum chaconifer are all formed cocoons; and (2) slightly transferring the larvae into insect breeding boxes by using a brush, feeding the artificial feed for 2-3 times per week by each insect breeding box, stopping feeding when the host larvae have obvious constriction, and covering two layers of toilet paper at the bottom to be used as a medium for parasitizing the larvae to form cocoons. 7-8 days after cocoons are dissolved, the number of emerging female bees and the number of emerging male bees are recorded every day until all the emerging bees emerge. The parasitic rate, development time, emergence rate and female sex ratio of each treatment were investigated and each treatment was repeated 5 times.
2 results of the test
The development characteristics of the eggs of the armyworm and the prodenia litura parasitized by the scale flies are shown in the following table 1. Data analysis results show that the two hosts bred have obvious differences in development time, emergence rate and female ratio. Wherein the parasitism rate of the batocera virens to two host eggs is more than 88 percent; although the development time of the apocynum venetum bred by the spodoptera litura eggs is longer (31.5 d), the emergence rate is obviously higher than that of the apocynum venetum bred by the Spodoptera frugiperda, and can reach 78 percent at most; and the sex ratio (54.3%) of the apocynum anisopliae bred by the prodenia litura is obviously higher than that (37.4%) of the apocynum anisopliae bred by the Spodoptera frugiperda.
TABLE 1 development characteristics of Apostichopus japonicas parasitizing Spodoptera frugiperda eggs and Prodenia litura eggs
| Host computer | Percentage of parasitism% | Development time/d | Eclosion rate% | The female sex ratio% |
| Spodoptera frugiperda | 88.8±4.8a | 29.2±0.3b | 43.3±6.2b | 37.4±6.3b |
| Prodenia litura | 91.2±3.1a | 31.5±0.3a | 72.6±4.3a | 54.3±5.6a |
Note: the data in the table are mean values plus or minus standard errors, and the data in the same column are marked with different lower case letters to show significant difference (P <0.05, Tukey method).
Test example 2
Comparison of individuals of Agelena litura eggs bred by utilizing spodoptera litura eggs and spodoptera littoralis eggs
1 materials and methods
1.1 test bee species
A scale-B cocoon bee bred by Spodoptera frugiperda ovum.
1.2 test hosts
Fresh spodoptera litura eggs and spodoptera frugiperda eggs.
1.3 test site
The biological control research institute of Jilin agriculture university.
1.4 test methods
Taking female and male coilia nasus bred by spodoptera frugiperda eggs, inoculating into a clean glass test tube, fully mating, dripping 20% honey water for supplementing nutrition, and respectively inoculating single female bee after 3 days: treating the (1) insect breeding box with fresh Spodoptera frugiperda eggs; and (3) treating the insect boxes with the fresh prodenia litura eggs in the step (2), removing bees after 24 hours, and then developing the insect boxes subjected to bee inoculation at 26 ℃, 60 +/-5% R.H. and a breeding room with the illumination cycle of L: D = 14: 10. After the larvae begin to hatch, the larvae are treated (1) added with prepared artificial feed to be fed to three instars, the larvae are transferred to a six-hole plate (the diameter is 3.5 cm) by a brush to be independently fed to avoid the larvae from self-mutilation, the feed is stopped to be added when the mature larvae begin to obviously overflow and shrink, and cotton is added to treat the larvae to be cocoons; and (2) feeding artificial feed for 2-3 times per week by each insect breeding box, stopping feeding when the host larvae are obviously contracted, and covering two layers of toilet paper at the bottom as a medium for parasitizing the larvae to form cocoons. And finally, recording the weight, body length, shin length and cocoon weight of the female bee and the male bee treated by the two treatments. Each treatment of female and male bees measures 60.
2 results of the test
The individual characteristics of the apocynum anisopliae cocoons bred by spodoptera litura and spodoptera frugiperda and the female and male bees are compared as shown in the following table 2. The data analysis result shows that the weight of the helicoverpa virescens bred by the prodenia litura is higher than that of the helicoverpa virescens bred by the Spodoptera frugiperda regardless of the weight of cocoons and the weight of males and females. Wherein the average individual cocoon weight of the parasitized prodenia litura eggs is 30.06 mg, and the average individual cocoon weight of the parasitized spodoptera frugiperda is only 26.68 mg; the average individual weight (8.30 mg) of the female bees emerging after parasitizing the spodoptera litura is obviously heavier than the individual weight (6.50 mg) emerging after parasitizing the spodoptera frugiperda, the maximum weight of the female bees can reach 11.05 mg, and the female and male bees are heavier than the Anemodia formosana bred by the spodoptera frugiperda. The female and male bee intermediates bred by the two hosts have obvious difference in growth, but the two hosts have the same sex and have no obvious difference.
TABLE 2 comparison of Empoasca on cocoon bred from Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera frugiperda with individual characteristics
Note: the data in the table are mean values plus or minus standard errors, and the data in the same column are marked with different lower case letters to show significant difference (P <0.05, Tukey method).
Test example 3
The economic benefit of breeding large quantities of scale-off coilia using prodenia litura eggs and prodenia litura eggs is compared
1 materials and methods
1.1 test bee species
A scale-B cocoon bee bred by Spodoptera frugiperda ovum.
1.2 test hosts
Fresh spodoptera litura eggs and spodoptera frugiperda eggs.
1.3 test site
The biological control research institute of Jilin agriculture university.
1.4 test methods
Taking female and male coilia nasus bred by spodoptera frugiperda eggs, inoculating into a clean glass test tube, fully mating, dripping 20% honey water for supplementing nutrition, and respectively inoculating female bees after 3 days: treating the (1) insect breeding box with fresh Spodoptera frugiperda eggs; and (3) treating the insect breeding boxes with the fresh prodenia litura eggs in the step (2), sufficiently parasitizing the eggs for 24 hours, removing bees, and then developing the insect breeding boxes subjected to bee inoculation at 26 ℃, 60 +/-5% R.H. and in a breeding room with the illumination period of L: D = 14: 10. After the larvae had begun to hatch, 100 healthy larvae were retained per treatment box and fed 4 times with artificial feed of the respective formula, approximately 20-30g per box. Stopping feeding when the host larvae are obviously constricted, covering two layers of toilet paper at the bottom as a medium for parasitizing the larvae of the bombyx mori, and removing the parasitized high-age host larvae to avoid feeding the mature larvae or cocoons of the bombyx mori. And counting the number of bees in each insect breeding box after the parasitic wasps begin to emerge, calculating the cost of each treatment according to the feed formula, obtaining the breeding cost of 100 beetle cocoon bees, and repeating each treatment for 10 times.
2 results of the test
The experimental results show that table 3 lists the composition of the components of the artificial feed formula of 600g mixed by prodenia litura and spodoptera frugiperda, and the feed cost and breeding cost calculated according to the feed formula and the weight and times of each box of added feed are shown in table 4. Wherein, the cost of each 100g of the feed is calculated according to the market cost price of the purchased formula components, and the feed cost of the two hosts is between 1.17 and 1.25 yuan/100 g, and the difference is not large. However, the Spodoptera frugiperda feed needs to be added with corn leaf powder as one of main components of a feed formula, and the corn leaf powder is difficult to purchase in the market and has large price fluctuation; the prodenia litura feed only uses the wheat germ powder as a main component, and does not need to separately add the corn leaf powder, so that the market price is stable.
The breeding cost is calculated according to the number of boxes required for feeding 100 of the Apocynum venetum and the cost price of each box of feed, and the breeding cost is calculated to be nearly 2.7 times that of the 100 Apocynum venetum by using the Spodoptera litura to breed 3.19 yuan, and 8.72 yuan for breeding by using the Spodoptera frugiperda as a host. The spodoptera frugiperda larvae have self-disabling behavior after being three years old, the quantity of the spodoptera frugiperda larvae is reduced due to concentrated mass feeding, the later cocoon formation rate is low, and the workload and the cost price are increased due to independent feeding; the spodoptera litura larvae have no self-disabling behavior, and the cocoon formation rate and the emergence rate of the spodoptera litura larvae are stable even if the spodoptera litura larvae are bred in a large quantity.
In conclusion, the breeding of the scale flies by utilizing the prodenia litura eggs can reduce death and diseases caused by larva self-mutilation, and effectively improve the cocoon melting rate and emergence rate of the scale flies; according to production needs, the breeding room can be used for manually regulating and controlling the emergence time of hosts (prodenia litura) and the elaeis boresii, and the elaeis boresii is bred repeatedly, so that the aim of breeding a large number of elaeis boresii by using prodenia litura eggs can be fulfilled.
TABLE 3 composition of ingredients (g) of the feed formulations tested
| Formulation components | Prodenia litura | Spodoptera frugiperda |
| Beer yeast powder | 19 | 18 |
| Wheat germ powder | 60 | 20 |
| Sucrose | 6 | - |
| Nipagin methyl ester | 1.6 | 1.65 |
| Sorbic acid | 1.6 | 1.1 |
| VC | 1.6 | - |
| Composite VC | - | 1.4 |
| Casein protein | 0.32 | - |
| Sodium propionate | 0.16 | - |
| Aureomycin | 0.12 | 0.15 |
| Linoleic acid | 4-5 drops | 4-5 drops |
| Agar powder | 9.6 | 9.7 |
| Corn leaf powder | - | 48 |
| Water (W) | 500 ml | 500 ml |
Table 4 comparison of number of single-box bees and breeding cost:
Claims (6)
1. the application of prodenia litura as an intermediate host in breeding of the helianthus corchorius.
2. A method for breeding Spodoptera frugiperda advantage natural enemy of Abelmoschus manihot by utilizing Spodoptera litura is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) arrangement of breeding room
The breeding room is provided with equipment for adjusting temperature, humidity and illumination;
placing multiple layers of insect-breeding frames with a layer spacing of 50 cm for insect-breeding and bee-breeding devices indoors, and arranging 6-8 groups of lighting lamps on each layer;
2) fabrication of a Breeding device
The box cover of the insect breeding box is provided with an opening and is covered by a 100-mesh gauze for breeding the larvae of prodenia litura;
the rearing cage is sewn with a 100-mesh insect-proof net, and one side of the rearing cage is provided with an opening and is used for collecting host eggs and rearing adult beetle and abdominal cocoon bees;
3) culture of prodenia litura
Selecting whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks, placing the whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks in a plastic culture dish, preserving moisture and placing the whole and full prodenia litura egg blocks in a breeding room; transferring the larvae into an insect breeding box after the larvae are hatched, providing artificial feed for 100 heads of each box, stopping adding the feed until the aged larvae start to contract, covering a layer of thin cotton as a pupation medium, taking out the cotton after the larvae pupate, and collecting all pupates into the insect breeding box for eclosion;
4) host egg collection
Selecting moth pupas of prodenia litura with dark color, regular development and consistent size, placing the selected moth pupas into a rearing cage, sticking a plastic bag film on the periphery of the inner side of the rearing cage for the prodenia litura adults to lay eggs, providing 20% honey water, collecting the plastic film after the adult moths lay eggs, and cutting off egg laying blocks on the day as fresh host eggs;
5) bee receiving method
Selecting 1-day-old spodoptera litura egg masses, putting the egg masses into an insect breeding box, and then inoculating the Abelmoschus manihot seed bees: selecting female bees 3 days old after full mating, adsorbing 20% honey water with cotton or sponge to provide nutrition for bee seeds, inoculating the bees for 24 h, taking out egg blocks, placing in a pest breeding box, covering the box cover, and placing in a breeding room to culture offspring bees; the temperature of the breeding chamber is controlled at 26 ℃, the relative humidity is kept at 60%, and the indoor ventilation is kept;
6) cocoon collection and storage
18-20 days after the inoculation of the silkworms, the parasitic spodoptera litura larvae start to refuse to eat and spit water, the mature larvae of the leptospermum anisopliae grow out from the broken bodies of the spodoptera litura larvae, silking and cocooning are carried out for 1-2 days, and the cocoons are full and milky; after the parasitized spodoptera litura egg masses are artificially fed, the larva cocooning rate of the apocynum anisopliae is more than 70%;
7) rejuvenation of bee species
Inoculating Spodoptera frugiperda egg masses (primary host eggs) after parasitic wasps breed for 10-15 generations, placing the parasitized Spodoptera frugiperda egg masses into a breeding chamber with the temperature of 26 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60%, feeding until the Abdominal cocoon larvae bite the mature Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, spinning and forming cocoons, and selecting plump and milky Abdominal cocoon bee cocoons for bee species rejuvenation.
3. The method for breeding the native enemy of spodoptera frugiperda, namely the elaeis aethiopica according to claim 2, is characterized in that the formula of artificial feed (100 g of dry feed) involved in the breeding of the spodoptera frugiperda in the step 3) is as follows:
19g of beer yeast powder, 60g of wheat germ powder, 6g of sucrose, 1.6g of methylparaben, 1.6g of sorbic acid, 1.6g of VC1.6g, 0.32g of casein, 0.16g of sodium propionate, 0.12g of aureomycin, 9.6g of agar powder and 4-5 drops of linoleic acid, and the mixture is mixed with 500mL of distilled water to prepare the mixture.
4. The method for breeding the native enemy of spodoptera frugiperda, namely the elaeis virescens by utilizing the spodoptera litura, according to the claim 2, is characterized in that the feeding method of the artificial feed involved in the breeding of the spodoptera frugiperda in the step 3) comprises the following steps:
feeding for 4 times before cocoon melting, wherein each box is about 20-30g, and feeding is stopped when host larvae have obvious constriction.
5. The method for breeding the native enemy of spodoptera frugiperda, namely, the elaeis aethioptera according to claim 2, which is characterized in that:
and 5) the number of egg blocks and the number of the inoculated bees in the bee inoculating method are such that the ratio of the total number of female bees of the queen beetles to the number of eggs of prodenia litura after the mating is inoculated is not higher than 1: 600.
6. The method for breeding the native enemy of spodoptera frugiperda, namely, the elaeis aethioptera according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: and 6) collecting and storing cocoons relates to collecting cocoons, and filter paper is added to serve as a cocoon melting medium before mature larvae of the batocera formosanus break bodies from the host bodies, so that the success rate of cocoon melting can be effectively improved.
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| CN115067441A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-20 | 湖北省生物农药工程研究中心 | Lepidoptera noctuidae larva feed for parasitic wasp propagation and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115245146A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-28 | 贵州大学 | Method for producing helianthus coruscus by using rice moth eggs as breeding hosts |
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