CN106616070B - Artificial feed for Chinese chestnut weevil, breeding method and application of aged larva or pupa - Google Patents

Abstract

An artificial feed for Chinese chestnut weevil, a breeding method and application of aged larvae or pupae, which belong to the technical field of insects. The feed contains peanut, wheat, soybean, corn, sugar, vitamins and carotene. Placing sexually mature castanea mollissima in a feeding box, simultaneously placing fresh tender leaves of castanea mollissima and feed, culturing for 3-5 days under a certain condition, placing the young castanea mollissima with flowers or young fruits of other quercus, culturing for 6-8 hours under a certain condition, and allowing the castanea mollissima to naturally lay eggs; continuously culturing the young fruits with the laid eggs for 5-6 days, peeling off the peel, transferring the larvae into a feeding box with feed, and culturing for 35-40 days under a certain condition to obtain mature larvae; can also further induce the pupation of the aged larva. The obtained mature larva or pupa can be used as breeding hosts of scleroderma guani and other parasitic wasps or breeding materials for standby. The Chinese chestnut weevil is artificially bred for the first time, the method is simple, the feed components are easy to obtain, and the expanded breeding is easy to carry out.

Description

Artificial feed of chestnut weevil, cultivation method and use of mature larvae or pupae

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of insects, in particular to the artificial cultivation of chestnut weevil.

Background technique

Chestnut weevil (Curculio davidi Fairmaire) belongs to Coleoptera, weevil family, also known as chestnut weevil and chestnut weevil. It is distributed in all chestnut producing areas in China. more than 80%. The patent applicant found but did not disclose that Scleroderma guani Xiao et Wu can efficiently parasitize the chestnut weevil under artificial rearing environment, which makes it possible to use Scleroderma guani for the prevention and control of chestnut weevil through manual intervention. A biological control method with great potential. Carrying out the control of chestnut weevil with S. pipiens, requires artificial breeding and rejuvenation of S. pipiens, in this process, the patent applicant discovered but did not disclose: the larvae of the chestnut weevil and the pupa to S. pipiens Breeding and rejuvenation have a positive promoting effect. In addition, chestnut weevil larvae are rich in protein and are edible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide artificial feed of chestnut weevil, cultivation method and the purposes of mature larvae or pupa.

The artificial feed of the artificial breeding of chestnut weevil of the present invention is:

By weight, 80-100 parts of peanut flour, 550-600 parts of wheat flour, 75-100 parts of steamed soybean flour, 50-80 parts of corn flour, 30-50 parts of glucose or sucrose, 0.14-0.16 parts of vitamin A, vitamin A 0.09-0.11 part of C, 1.9-2.1 parts of carotenoids, 0.009-0.011 part of vitamin B1, 0.009-0.011 part of vitamin B2, 0.04-0.06 part of vitamin B, 400 parts of water, mix thoroughly to make 110-130 mesh fine particles . The feed can be stored for 20 to 30 days under refrigeration at 0 to 4°C, and can be returned to normal temperature when used.

The cultivation method of the present invention is:

The sexually mature chestnut weevil beetles are placed in a breeding box with a stomata at a ratio of 2:3 of the number of males and females, and fresh chestnut leaves and the above-mentioned artificial feed are placed in the box at the same time, and the amount of the young leaves is 9 per adult per day. ～11 grams, the feeding amount is 0.4～0.6 grams per adult per day, and the young leaves and feed are replaced once a day. The relative humidity is 40%～70%, the light intensity is 100lux～500lux, the light time is 12～16 hours/day, and the temperature After culturing for 3-5 days under the condition of 20-35 ℃, put in the young fruit of chestnut with flowers or the young fruit of other species of Quercus, adjust the light intensity to 2-8 lux, the temperature is 22-26 ℃, and cultivate for 6-8 hours , Chestnut weevil can lay eggs naturally; under the condition that the above-mentioned cultivation conditions remain unchanged, continue to cultivate the young fruit that has laid eggs for 5 to 6 days, peel off the peel, and transfer the larvae to the rearing box that has been placed with the above-mentioned artificial feed. , the feed amount is 0.15-0.25 grams per larva each time, and the feed is changed every two days. The environment is light intensity of 5-10 lux, temperature of 22-35 ℃, relative humidity of 40%-60%, and cultured for 35-40 days. Become mature larvae; if the light intensity is then increased to 100lux to 200lux, the light time is 8 to 12 hours/day, the relative humidity is reduced to 29 to 31%, and the temperature remains unchanged. After 6 to 10 days, the mature larvae can be further induced. change. The specific amount of artificial feed depends on the development of the larvae. Adding 20% of fresh chestnut powder by weight 10 to 15 days before pupation can promote pupation.

The purposes of the present invention are:

The mature larvae or pupae of the chestnut weevil obtained by the method of the present invention are refrigerated at 2 to 4° C. for 200 to 300 days, and are used as hosts for cultivating P. tuberculosis and other parasitic wasps.

The chestnut weevil pupa obtained by the method of the present invention is wrapped with absorbent cotton or buried in humus, and then refrigerated at 10-15°C for 150-220 days, as a breeding material for standby use, and subjected to 10-20°C at 18-25°C before use. Days can emerge into adults.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: artificial breeding of chestnut weevil for the first time, the method is simple, the feed ingredients are easy to obtain, and it is easy to carry out enlarged breeding.

Detailed ways

Example 1: The sexually mature chestnut weevil adults were placed in a transparent rearing box with a stomata at a ratio of 2:3 to male and female, and each time in the box, 11 g of fresh chestnut leaves and 0.4 g of artificial feed were used for each worm. The amount of fresh leaves and feed is replaced once a day. The breeding environment is: humidity 40%, light intensity of 100 lux, light time of 12 hours/day, and the temperature of 35 ℃. Incubate for 6 hours at 22°C. After checking the spawning situation, the shoots are taken out in a transparent rearing box and cultured for 5 days under the same environmental conditions, during which the freshness of the shoots is ensured. After 5 days, peel off the peel carefully, and transfer the larvae to the artificial rearing box. The environment is: humidity 40%, the light intensity is 10 lux all day, and the temperature is 22 °C for 35 days, and then the larvae are transferred to the environment: humidity 31% , the light intensity is 100 lux, the light time is 12 hours/day, and the larvae that have been pupated are removed after culturing for 6 days at a temperature of 22 °C, starting from the transfer of the larvae to the artificial rearing box, and feeding each larva with 0.15g of artificial feed each time , replace the artificial feed every two days. The stronger pupae after pupation are individually picked out for breeding and reserved for seed use, and the remaining pupae are refrigerated at 2°C for subsequent use, and the refrigerating time is 300 days. After taking out and returning to normal temperature, it is used for the host of S. tuberosa, and the parasitic effect is good. . The breeding pupae are buried in humus soil and refrigerated at 10°C, which can be stored for 220 days. When hatching, they emerge naturally at 18°C for two weeks, and are mixed with tender chestnut leaves and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used this time is: peanut flour 80g; wheat flour 550g; steamed soybean flour 75g; corn flour 50g; glucose or sucrose 30g; vitamin A: 140mg; vitamin C: 90mg; carotenoid 1.9g; vitamin B1: 9mg; vitamin B2: 9mg; vitamin B3: 40mg; add 400ml of water, and mix thoroughly to make 110-mesh fine particles. Refrigerated at 0 ℃ can be stored for 30 days, and can be returned to room temperature when using.

Embodiment 2: The adult chestnut weevil of sexual maturity is placed in the transparent rearing box with stomata at the ratio of male to female ratio of 2:3. The amount of fresh leaves and feed is replaced once a day. The breeding environment is: humidity 70%, light intensity of 500 lux, light time of 16 hours/day, and culturing for 5 days at a temperature of 35 ° C. After cultivating for 5 days, the young chestnut fruit branches with flowers for spawning were placed, and the light intensity was adjusted to 8 lux, and the temperature was controlled. Incubate for 8 hours at 24°C. After checking the spawning situation, the shoots are taken out in a transparent rearing box and cultured for 6 days under the condition that the environmental conditions remain unchanged, during which the freshness of the shoots is ensured. After 6 days, peel off the peel carefully, and transfer the larvae to the artificial rearing box. The environment is: humidity 60%, light intensity of 5 lux throughout the day, temperature 22 ℃ for 40 days, and then transfer the larvae to the environment: humidity 29% , the light intensity is 200 lux, the light time is 12 hours/day, and the pupated larvae are removed after culturing for 10 days at a temperature of 22 °C. Feed 0.25 g of artificial feed, and change the feed every two days until pupation is completed. The stronger pupae after pupation are individually picked out for breeding and reserved for seed use, and the remaining pupae are refrigerated at 4°C for later use, and the refrigeration time is 200 days. After taking out and recovering to normal temperature, it is used for the host of S. tuberosa, and the parasitic effect is good. . The breeding pupae are buried in humus soil and refrigerated at 15°C, and can be stored for 150 days. When hatching, they emerge naturally at 25°C for 10 days, and are mixed with tender chestnut leaves and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used this time is: peanut: 100g; wheat flour 600g; steamed soybean flour 100g; corn flour 80g; glucose or sucrose 50g; vitamin A: 160mg; vitamin C: 100mg; carotenoid 2.1g; vitamin B1: 11mg; vitamin B2: 11mg; vitamin B3: 60mg; add 400ml of water, and mix thoroughly to make 130-mesh fine particles. Refrigerated at 4°C, it can be stored for 20 days, and can be returned to room temperature when using.

Example 3: The sexually mature chestnut weevil adults were placed in a transparent rearing box with a stomata at a ratio of 2:3 to male and female, and each time in the box, 11 g of fresh chestnut leaves and 0.5 g of artificial feed were used for each worm. The amount is placed, and fresh leaves and feed are replaced once a day. The breeding environment is: humidity 40%, light intensity of 500 lux, light time of 12 hours/day, and culturing for 3 days at a temperature of 20 °C. After cultivating for 3 days, the young chestnut fruit branches with flowers for spawning were placed, the light intensity was adjusted to 2 lux, and the temperature was controlled. At 26°C, cultivate for 8 hours. After checking the spawning situation, the shoots are taken out in a transparent rearing box, and cultivated for 5 days under the condition of constant environmental conditions, during which the freshness of the shoots is ensured. After 5 days, peel off the peel carefully, and transfer the larvae to the artificial rearing box. The environment is: humidity 60%, the light intensity is 10 lux all day, and the temperature is 35 ℃ for 35 days, and then the larvae are transferred to the environment: humidity 30% , the light intensity is 100 lux, the light time is 8 hours/day, and the pupated larvae are removed after culturing for 8 days at a temperature of 35 °C. Feed 0.25 g of artificial feed, change the feed every two days, and increase 0.05 g of fresh chestnut powder each time to each larva on the 32nd day of culture until pupation is completed. The stronger pupae after pupation are individually picked out for breeding and reserved for seed use, and the remaining pupae are refrigerated at 2°C for subsequent use, and the refrigerating time is 300 days. After taking out and returning to normal temperature, it is used for the host of S. tuberosa, and the parasitic effect is good. . The breeding pupae are buried in humus soil and refrigerated at 15°C, and can be stored for 220 days. When hatching, they emerge naturally at 18°C for 20 days, and are mixed with tender chestnut leaves and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used this time is: peanut flour 80g; wheat flour 600g; steamed soybean flour 75g; corn flour 80g; glucose or sucrose 50g; vitamin A: 140mg; vitamin C: 110mg; carotenoid 2.1g; vitamin B1: 10mg; vitamin B2: 9mg; vitamin B3: 50mg; add 400ml of water, and mix thoroughly to make 120-mesh fine granules. Refrigerated at 0 ℃ can be stored for 30 days, and can be returned to room temperature when using.

Embodiment 4: The adult chestnut weevil of sexual maturity is placed in a transparent rearing box with a stomata at a ratio of 2:3 to male and female, and the box is based on the amount of 0.4g of artificial feed per 9g of fresh chestnut leaves per worm every day. Place, and replace fresh leaves and feed once a day. The breeding environment is: humidity 70%, light intensity of 100 lux, light time of 16 hours/day, and culturing for 5 days at a temperature of 20 °C. After cultivating for 5 days, the young chestnut fruit branches with flowers for spawning were placed, and the light intensity was adjusted to 8 lux, and the temperature was controlled. At 22°C, cultivate for 8 hours. After checking the spawning situation, the shoots are taken out in a transparent rearing box, and cultivated for 5 days under the condition of constant environmental conditions, during which the freshness of the shoots is ensured. After 5 days, peel off the peel carefully, and transfer the larvae to the artificial rearing box. The environment is: humidity 60%, the light intensity is 10 lux all day, and the temperature is 35 ℃ for 35 days, and then the larvae are transferred to the environment: humidity 29% , the light intensity is 100 lux, the light time is 8 hours/day, and the larvae that have been pupated are removed after culturing for 8 days at a temperature of 35 ° C. Feed 0.15 g of feed, change the feed every two days, and add 0.03 g of fresh chestnut powder to each larva on the 30th day of culture until pupation is completed. The stronger pupae after pupation are individually picked out for breeding and reserved for seed use, and the remaining pupae are refrigerated at 2°C for subsequent use, and the refrigerating time is 300 days. After taking out and returning to normal temperature, it is used for the host of S. tuberosa, and the parasitic effect is good. . The breeding pupae are buried in humus soil and refrigerated at 10°C, and can be stored for 150 days. When hatching, they emerge naturally at 18°C for 10 days, and are mixed with tender chestnut leaves and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used this time is: peanut flour 80g; wheat flour 600g; steamed soybean flour 75g; corn flour 80g; glucose or sucrose 30g; vitamin A: 140mg; vitamin C: 110mg; carotenoid 2g; vitamin B1: 11mg ; Vitamin B2: 11mg; Vitamin B3: 60mg; Add 400ml of water, and mix thoroughly to make 120 mesh fine particles. Refrigerated at 0 ℃ can be stored for 30 days, and can be returned to room temperature when using.

Embodiment 5: The adult chestnut weevil of sexual maturity is placed in a transparent rearing box with a stomata at a ratio of 2:3 to male and female, and the box is based on the amount of artificial feed of 0.5g of fresh chestnut leaves of 9g per worm every day. Place and replace fresh leaves and feed every day. The breeding environment is: humidity 40%, light intensity of 500 lux, light time of 12 hours/day, and cultured at 35°C for 5 days. After cultivating for 5 days, the young chestnut fruit branches with flowers for spawning were placed, the light intensity was adjusted to 2 lux, and the temperature was controlled. After culturing at 22°C for 8 hours, after checking the spawning situation, the shoots were taken out in a transparent rearing box, and cultivated for 6 days under the condition of constant environmental conditions, during which the freshness of the shoots was ensured. After 6 days, peel off the peel carefully, transfer the larvae to the artificial rearing box, and cultivate for 40 days under the conditions of humidity of 40%, light intensity of 10 lux all day, and temperature of 22 °C, starting from the transfer of the larvae to the artificial rearing box, each time Each larva was fed 0.15 g of artificial diet, and the artificial diet was changed every two days. The larvae were picked out and refrigerated at 2°C for 300 days. They were taken out and returned to normal temperature and used for the host of S. tuberosa, and the parasitic effect was good. The artificial feed used this time is: peanut flour 80g; wheat flour 550g; steamed soybean flour 75g; corn flour 50g; glucose or sucrose 30g; vitamin A: 150mg; vitamin C: 100mg; carotenoid 2g; vitamin B1: 10mg ; Vitamin B2: 10mg; Vitamin B3: 50mg; Add 400ml of water, and mix thoroughly to make 120 mesh fine particles. It can be stored for 30 days in the refrigerator at 4°C, and can be returned to normal temperature when using.

Claims (2)

1. A method for cultivating castanea mollissima is characterized in that:

(1) artificial feed: by weight, 80-100 parts of peanut powder, 550-600 parts of wheat flour, 75-100 parts of steamed soybean flour, 50-80 parts of corn flour, 30-50 parts of glucose or sucrose, 0.14-0.16 part of vitamin A, 0.09-0.11 part of vitamin C, 1.9-2.1 parts of carotenoid, 10.009-0.011 part of vitamin B, 20.009-0.011 part of vitamin B, 30.04-0.06 part of vitamin B and 400 parts of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare 110-130-mesh fine particles;

(2) placing sexually mature Chinese chestnut weevils in a transparent feeding box with air holes covered by a cover according to the proportion of 2:3 of the number of males and females, simultaneously placing fresh Chinese chestnut tender leaves and the feed in the box, wherein the placing amount of the tender leaves is 9-11 g per adult per day, the placing amount of the feed is 0.4-0.6 g per adult per day, replacing the tender leaves and the feed once per day, culturing for 3-5 days under the conditions of 40-70% of relative humidity, 100-500 lux of illumination intensity, 12-16 hours/day of illumination time and 20-35 ℃, then placing Chinese chestnut young fruits with flowers or young fruits of other quercus, adjusting the illumination intensity to be 2-8 lux, 22-26 ℃, culturing for 6-8 hours, and enabling the Chinese chestnut weevils to naturally lay eggs; continuously culturing the spawned young fruits for 5-6 days under the condition that the culturing conditions are not changed, peeling off peels, transferring the larvae into a feeding box in which the feed is placed, wherein the feeding amount of the feed is 0.15-0.25 g per larva every time, the feed is replaced once every two days, the environment is 5-10 lux of illumination intensity, the temperature is 22-35 ℃, the relative humidity is 40-60%, and the larvae can become mature larvae after being cultured for 35-40 days; and then increasing the illumination intensity to 100-200 lux, wherein the illumination time is 8-12 hours/day, the relative humidity is reduced to 29-31%, the temperature is unchanged, and the mature larvae can be further induced to pupate after 6-10 days.

2. Use of aged larvae or pupae of chestnut weevil obtained according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mature larva or pupa is refrigerated for 200-300 days at the temperature of 2-4 ℃ and used as breeding hosts of scleroderma guani and other parasitic bees, or the pupa is wrapped by absorbent cotton or embedded by humus soil and then refrigerated for 150-220 days at the temperature of 10-15 ℃ and used as breeding materials for standby application, and eclosion can be carried out to form imagoes after 10-20 days at the temperature of 18-25 ℃ before use.