JP7225508B2 - 光変調デバイス - Google Patents
光変調デバイス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7225508B2 JP7225508B2 JP2021164353A JP2021164353A JP7225508B2 JP 7225508 B2 JP7225508 B2 JP 7225508B2 JP 2021164353 A JP2021164353 A JP 2021164353A JP 2021164353 A JP2021164353 A JP 2021164353A JP 7225508 B2 JP7225508 B2 JP 7225508B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer film
- layer
- degrees
- light modulating
- film substrates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
- G02C7/101—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses having an electro-optical light valve
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
- B32B7/035—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features using arrangements of stretched films, e.g. of mono-axially stretched films arranged alternately
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0102—Constructional details, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0126—Opto-optical modulation, i.e. control of one light beam by another light beam, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133631—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation with a spatial distribution of the retardation value
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13475—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer is doped with a pleochroic dye, e.g. GH-LC cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
- G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
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- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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Description
Rin=d×(nx-ny)
高分子フィルム基板の面内位相差値(Rin)は、Agilent社のUV/VISスペクトロスコープ8453装備を利用して下記方法によって550nm波長の光に対して測定した。UV/VISスペクトロスコープに2枚の偏光子を透過軸が互いに直交するように設置し、前記2枚の偏光子の間に高分子フィルムの遅相軸が2枚の偏光子の透過軸とそれぞれ45度をなすように設置した後、波長による透過度を測定した。波長による透過度グラフにおいて各ピーク(peak)の位相遅延次数(Phase retardation order)を求める。具体的に、波長による透過度グラフにおいて波形は、下記数式Aを満たし、サイン(Sine)波形で最大ピーク(Tmax)条件は、下記数式Bを満たす。数式Aでλmaxである場合、数式AのTと数式BのTは同一であるので、数式を展開する。n+1、n+2およびn+3に対しても数式を展開し、nとn+1数式を整理してRを消去してnをλnおよびλn+1数式で整理すると、下記数式Cが導き出される。数式AのTと数式BのTが同一であることに基づいてnとλを知ることができるので、各λn、λn+1、λn+2およびλn+3に対してRを求める。4ポイントに対して波長によるR値の直線トレンドラインを求め、数式550nmに対するR値を算定する。直線トレンドラインの関数は、Y=ax+bであり、aおよびbは、定数である。前記関数のxに550nmを代入したときのY値が550nm波長の光に対するRin値である。
T=sin2[(2πR/λ)]
T=sin2[((2n+1)π/2)]
n=(λn-3λn+1)/(2λn+1+1-2λn)
高分子フィルム基板の弾性率(Young's modulus)、伸び率(Elongation)および最大応力(Max.stress)は、UTM(Universal Testing Machine)装備(Instron 3342)を利用して、常温(25℃)で10mm/minの引張速度で力を加えて、規格によって引張強度(tensile strength)試験を進めて測定した。この場合、各試験片は、幅が約10mmであり、長さが約30mmとなるようにカットして製造し、前記長さ方向の両終端の各10mmずつをテーピングして装備に固定した後に評価を進めた。
前記SRF基板を2つ使用して光変調デバイスを製造した。前記SRF基板(横:15cm、縦:5cm)のITO(Indium Tin Oxide)膜(電極層)上に配向膜を形成して、第1基板を製造した。配向膜としては、厚さ300nmのポリイミド系水平配向膜(SE-7492,Nissan)をラビング布でラビング処理したものを使用した。第1基板と同一に第2基板を製造した。前記第1および第2基板を相互の配向膜が対向するように対向配置し、それらの間に屈折率異方性△nが0.13である正の誘電率異方性を有する液晶化合物および二色性染料を含むGHLC混合物(MDA-16-1235、Merck)にキラルドーパント(S811、Merck)を約0.519重量%の濃度で配合した組成物を位置させた後に、周縁部を封止して、光変調フィルム層を製造した。前記で第1および第2基板のTD方向(遅相軸方向)は、それぞれ、第1基板配向膜のラビング軸を基準として0度となり、前記第1および第2配向膜のラビング方向は、互いに90度をなすようにした。得られた光変調層は、ねじれ角(twisted angle)が約270度であるSTNモード液晶層であり、セルギャップは12μmであった。前記光変調フィルム層を電圧の無印加時の直進光透過率が約28.0%であり、約15Vの電圧を印加した場合に、直進光透過率が約62.7%であって、透過および遮断モードの間をスイッチング可能なデバイスである。前記で透過率は、NDH5000SP(SECOS社製)装備を使用した透過率であって、約550nm波長の光に対する透過率である。
基板としてPC基板を適用したことを除いて、実施例1と同一に光変調デバイスを製造した。
前記実施例1および比較例1の光変調デバイスを使用して図8および図9に示された形態のアイウェア素子を製造し、前記素子をベンディングさせた状態で熱衝撃試験を進めた。熱衝撃試験は、前記アイウェアを約-40℃から90℃まで約16.25℃/分の昇温速度で温度を上げた後、10分間維持し、さらに約16.25℃/分の減温速度で90℃から-40℃の温度まで減温した後、10分間維持することを1サイクルとして、前記サイクルを500回繰り返す条件に置いた状態で進め、この試験は、曲率半径が約100R程度である曲げ治具に前記アイウェアを付着した状態で進めた。図8は、実施例1の場合であり、図9は、比較例1の場合であり、図面のように比較例1の場合、激しいクラックが観察された。
実施例1と同一に光変調フィルム層を製造するものの、第1および第2基板の第1方向(TD方向)が互いに90度となるようにした。この際、第1基板上の配向膜のラビング方向を基準として第1基板の第1方向は0度、第2基板の第1方向は90度となるようにした。
実施例1と同一に光変調フィルム層を製造するものの、第1および第2基板の第1方向(TD方向)が互いに90度となるようにした。この際、第1基板上の配向膜のラビング方向を基準として第1基板の第1方向は45度、第2基板の第1方向は135度となるようにした。
実施例1、比較例2および3のデバイスをそれぞれ60℃の温度および85%の相対湿度で保管しつつ、ボイド発生を評価し、その結果を下記表2に記載した。具体的に前記条件で保管しつつ、光変調層において目視で視認されるボイドが発生するか否かを評価した。一般的に、目視で視認されるボイドのサイズは、約10μm程度である。
図4の構造の光変調デバイスを製造した。第1~第4高分子フィルム基板31、33、34、36として、前記SRF基板を使用した。前記SRF基板のITO膜上に垂直配向膜(HANCHEM社のPVM-11ポリイミド層)を形成し、光変調層としては、液晶および二色性染料を含むゲストホスト液晶層を用意するものの、前記液晶としては、HCCH社のHNG730200(ne:1.551、no:1.476、ε∥:9.6、ε⊥:9.6、TNI:100、△n:0.075、△ε:-5.7)を用意し、前記二色性染料としては、BASF社のX12を用意した。
実施例2において、第1基板の第1方向(TD方向、遅相軸方向)を0度というとき、第2および第3基板の第1方向(TD方向、遅相軸方向)が90度となるように配置したことを除いて、実施例1と同じ方法で光変調デバイスを製造した。
実施例2において第1光変調層の水平配向時の光軸が+45度となるように変更し、第2光変調層の水平配向時の光軸を-45度となるように変更したことを除いて、実施例1と同じ方法で光変調デバイスを製造した。
実施例2~4のデバイスに対して、正面(傾斜角0度)および視野角(傾斜角-23度)でレインボー特性および電気光学特性を評価し、その結果を図面と下記表3に記載した。
Claims (16)
- 左眼用レンズと右眼用レンズと、前記左眼用レンズと右眼用レンズを支持するフレームとを含むアイウェアであって、
前記左眼用レンズおよび右眼用レンズは、光変調デバイスを含み、
前記光変調デバイスは、
対向配置されている第1および第2高分子フィルム基板と、前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の間に光変調層を有する光変調フィルム層とを含み、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、それぞれ、550nm波長の光に対する面内位相差が4,000nm以上であり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は延伸高分子フィルムであり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の第1方向は、TD(Transverse direction)方向であり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の第2方向は、MD(Machine Direction)方向であり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、前記第1高分子フィルム基板の前記第1方向と前記第2高分子フィルム基板の前記第1方向とのなす角度が0度~10度の範囲内となるように配置されて、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板のそれぞれは、前記第1および第2方向とそれぞれ40度~50度の範囲内の角度をなす第3方向における伸び率E3が、前記第1方向における伸び率E1に比べて大きく、前記第3方向における伸び率E3と前記第2方向における伸び率E2との比率E3/E2が5以上である、
アイウェア。 - 第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、それぞれ、一面に電極層が形成された電極フィルム基板であり、前記各電極層が対向するように第1および第2高分子フィルム基板が配置されている、請求項1に記載のアイウェア。
- 第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、ポリエステルフィルム基板である、請求項1または2に記載のアイウェア。
- 第1および第2高分子フィルム基板のそれぞれの第1方向における伸び率が15%以上である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。
- 前記それぞれの高分子フィルム基板の第1方向における延伸率E1と前記第1方向と垂直をなす第2方向における延伸率E2との比率E1/E2が3以上である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。
- 第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、それぞれ、第2方向における熱膨張係数CTE2と第1方向における熱膨張係数CTE1との比率CTE2/CTE1が1.5以上である、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。
- 第2方向における熱膨張係数CTE2が5~150ppm/℃の範囲内である、請求項6に記載のアイウェア。
- 第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、それぞれ、第2方向における弾性率YM2と第1方向における弾性率YM1との比率YM1/YM2が1.5以上である、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。
- 第1方向における弾性率YM1が2~10GPaの範囲内である、請求項8に記載のアイウェア。
- 第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、それぞれ、第2方向における最大応力MS2と第1方向における最大応力MS1との比率MS1/MS2が1.5以上である、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。
- 第1方向における最大応力MS1が150~250MPaの範囲内である、請求項10に記載のアイウェア。
- 前記光変調デバイスは、光変調フィルム層の少なくとも一側に配置された偏光子をさらに含む、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。
- 偏光子の透過軸と前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の第1方向とのなす角度が0度~10度または80度~100度の範囲内である、請求項12に記載のアイウェア。
- 前記光変調デバイスは、光変調フィルム層を2層含み、
前記各光変調フィルム層に含まれるすべての前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の第1方向がなす角度が、0度~10度の範囲内にある、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。 - 光変調層は、液晶層、電気変色物質層、光変色物質層または電気泳動物質層、分散粒子配向層またはゲストホスト液晶層である、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載のアイウェア。
- 対向配置されている第1および第2高分子フィルム基板と、前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の間に光変調層を有する光変調フィルム層とを含み、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、それぞれ、550nm波長の光に対する面内位相差が4,000nm以上であり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は延伸高分子フィルムであり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の第1方向は、TD(Transverse direction)方向であり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の第2方向は、MD(Machine Direction)方向であり、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板は、前記第1高分子フィルム基板の前記第1方向と前記第2高分子フィルム基板の前記第1方向とのなす角度が0度~10度の範囲内となるように配置されて、
前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板のそれぞれは、前記第1および第2方向とそれぞれ40度~50度の範囲内の角度をなす第3方向における伸び率E3が、前記第1方向における伸び率E1に比べて大きく、前記第3方向における伸び率E3と前記第2方向における伸び率E2との比率E3/E2が5以上であり、
光変調フィルム層を2層含み、前記各光変調フィルム層に含まれるすべての前記第1および第2高分子フィルム基板の第1方向がなす角度が、0度~10度の範囲内にある、
光変調デバイス。
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