[go: up one dir, main page]

TWI371987B - Oled having stacked organic light-emitting units - Google Patents

Oled having stacked organic light-emitting units

Info

Publication number
TWI371987B
TWI371987B TW096101755A TW96101755A TWI371987B TW I371987 B TWI371987 B TW I371987B TW 096101755 A TW096101755 A TW 096101755A TW 96101755 A TW96101755 A TW 96101755A TW I371987 B TWI371987 B TW I371987B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
oled
organic light
emitting units
stacked organic
stacked
Prior art date
Application number
TW096101755A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200733781A (en
Inventor
Min-Soo Kang
Jeoung-Kwen Noh
Jung-Hyoung Lee
Original Assignee
Lg Chemical Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lg Chemical Ltd filed Critical Lg Chemical Ltd
Publication of TW200733781A publication Critical patent/TW200733781A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI371987B publication Critical patent/TWI371987B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/32Stacked devices having two or more layers, each emitting at different wavelengths
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/26Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/06Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/19Tandem OLEDs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/841Applying alternating current [AC] during manufacturing or treatment

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
TW096101755A 2006-01-18 2007-01-17 Oled having stacked organic light-emitting units TWI371987B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR20060005200 2006-01-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW200733781A TW200733781A (en) 2007-09-01
TWI371987B true TWI371987B (en) 2012-09-01

Family

ID=38287827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW096101755A TWI371987B (en) 2006-01-18 2007-01-17 Oled having stacked organic light-emitting units

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8680693B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1974590B1 (zh)
JP (3) JP2009524189A (zh)
KR (1) KR100845694B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101371619B (zh)
TW (1) TWI371987B (zh)
WO (1) WO2007083918A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (98)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100721656B1 (ko) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-23 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 전기 소자
US7560175B2 (en) * 1999-12-31 2009-07-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Electroluminescent devices with low work function anode
KR100377321B1 (ko) * 1999-12-31 2003-03-26 주식회사 엘지화학 피-형 반도체 성질을 갖는 유기 화합물을 포함하는 전기소자
WO2007083918A1 (en) 2006-01-18 2007-07-26 Lg Chem. Ltd. Oled having stacked organic light-emitting units
CN101461073B (zh) * 2006-06-01 2013-01-02 株式会社半导体能源研究所 发光元件、发光器件和电子器件
US9397308B2 (en) * 2006-12-04 2016-07-19 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Light emitting element, light emitting device, and electronic device
EP2444470B1 (en) 2007-08-31 2016-10-26 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Light-emitting element, light-emitting device, and electronic appliance
KR101407579B1 (ko) * 2007-09-17 2014-06-13 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 유기발광소자 및 그 구동방법
US20090091242A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-09 Liang-Sheng Liao Hole-injecting layer in oleds
KR101434360B1 (ko) * 2007-10-08 2014-08-26 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 백색 유기발광소자
KR101420427B1 (ko) * 2007-10-09 2014-07-16 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 유기전계 발광소자
EP2068380B1 (de) 2007-10-15 2011-08-17 Novaled AG Organisches elektrolumineszentes Bauelement
KR101434363B1 (ko) * 2007-11-07 2014-08-26 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 백색 유기발광소자
CN101897052B (zh) * 2007-12-14 2014-05-28 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 具有可调节电荷载流子注入的有机发光装置
US8637854B2 (en) 2008-05-16 2014-01-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Stacked organic light emitting diode
JP5460107B2 (ja) 2008-06-20 2014-04-02 キヤノン株式会社 積層型有機発光素子およびそれを有する画像表示装置またはデジタルカメラ
US20110121738A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2011-05-26 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Light-emitting apparatus
KR101553691B1 (ko) 2008-07-10 2015-09-17 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 발광장치
JP5478954B2 (ja) 2008-07-11 2014-04-23 キヤノン株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置
CN102414858B (zh) 2009-05-05 2014-11-05 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 电致发光器件
JP5273381B2 (ja) * 2009-05-12 2013-08-28 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ 有機el素子及び有機el表示装置
DE102009034822A1 (de) 2009-07-27 2011-02-03 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Elektronisches Bauelement sowie elektischer Kontakt
US20110248244A1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-10-13 Emagin Corporation Independently controlled stacked inverted organic light emitting diodes and a method of manufacturing same
KR20110045569A (ko) * 2009-10-27 2011-05-04 한국전자통신연구원 적층형 유기 전기 발광 소자
KR101403781B1 (ko) * 2010-08-17 2014-06-03 주식회사 엘지화학 유기발광장치
DE102010041331A1 (de) 2010-09-24 2012-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ladungsträgermodulation zur Farb- und Helligkeitsabstimmung in organischen Leuchtdioden
KR101874448B1 (ko) * 2011-05-09 2018-07-06 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 유기전계발광 표시 장치
US9818901B2 (en) * 2011-05-13 2017-11-14 International Business Machines Corporation Wafer bonded solar cells and fabrication methods
WO2013073356A1 (ja) * 2011-11-17 2013-05-23 コニカミノルタ株式会社 透明電極、および電子デバイス
KR20130062107A (ko) 2011-12-02 2013-06-12 삼성전자주식회사 직물형 유기 발광소자 및 그 제조방법
CN102655219A (zh) * 2012-02-23 2012-09-05 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 多色oled、多色oled单元及显示器件
WO2013176521A1 (ko) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 주식회사 엘지화학 유기발광소자 및 이의 제조방법
KR101657057B1 (ko) * 2012-05-31 2016-09-13 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 유기전계발광소자
WO2013180542A1 (ko) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 주식회사 엘지화학 적층형 유기전계발광소자
KR101539842B1 (ko) * 2012-05-31 2015-07-28 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 발광 소자
RU2672102C2 (ru) * 2012-06-19 2018-11-12 Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. Органическое электролюминисцентное устройство
DE102012211869A1 (de) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-09 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Organisches Licht emittierendes Bauelement
US8766245B2 (en) * 2012-08-14 2014-07-01 Guardian Industries Corp. Organic light emitting diode with transparent electrode and method of making same
JP2015215940A (ja) 2012-08-17 2015-12-03 出光興産株式会社 発光装置、電子機器および発光装置の製造方法
GB2505499B (en) * 2012-09-03 2017-03-08 Dst Innovations Ltd Electroluminescent displays and lighting
JP6384326B2 (ja) 2012-10-31 2018-09-05 コニカミノルタ株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
JP6225915B2 (ja) * 2012-11-09 2017-11-08 コニカミノルタ株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
KR102040872B1 (ko) * 2012-12-13 2019-11-06 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 유기발광소자, 이를 포함하는 유기발광표시장치, 및 유기발광소자를 양면 발광 제어하는 방법
WO2014106335A1 (en) 2013-01-05 2014-07-10 Shenzhen Yunyinggu Technology Co., Ltd. Display devices and methods for making and driving the same
TWI614928B (zh) * 2013-06-07 2018-02-11 樂金顯示科技股份有限公司 有機發光裝置
US10033007B2 (en) 2013-06-07 2018-07-24 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Organic light emitting diode
DE102013107225A1 (de) * 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 Osram Oled Gmbh Optoelektronische Bauelementanordnung, Verfahren zum Herstellen einer optoelektronischen Bauelementanordnung, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer optoelektronischen Bauelementanordnung
DE102013110483A1 (de) * 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 Osram Oled Gmbh Optoelektronische Bauelementevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines optoelektronischen Bauelementes
KR101820038B1 (ko) * 2013-09-30 2018-02-28 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 투명전극 및 이를 포함하는 유기 전자소자
US9142595B2 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-09-22 OLEDWorks LLC Color-tunable OLED lighting device
KR101944483B1 (ko) 2013-12-26 2019-01-31 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 유기발광소자
KR102165234B1 (ko) * 2014-04-25 2020-10-14 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 백색 유기 발광 소자
CN103996792B (zh) * 2014-04-30 2016-04-27 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 有机发光器件及制造方法和有机发光显示装置及驱动方法
KR101707326B1 (ko) 2014-09-15 2017-02-16 주식회사 엘지화학 유기발광소자
CN104538553B (zh) * 2014-12-31 2017-08-04 北京维信诺科技有限公司 一种颜色可调的有机电致发光器件
US20180248144A1 (en) * 2015-08-18 2018-08-30 Wake Forest University Frequency dependent light emitting devices
KR102406606B1 (ko) * 2015-10-08 2022-06-09 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 유기 발광 소자, 이를 포함하는 유기 발광 표시 장치, 및 이의 제조 방법
KR101999709B1 (ko) 2016-03-21 2019-07-12 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 발광 소자
US20170352709A1 (en) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-07 Universal Display Corporation Architecture for very high resolution amoled display
KR102611206B1 (ko) * 2016-07-13 2023-12-08 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 유기 발광 소자
JP6884534B2 (ja) * 2016-09-15 2021-06-09 株式会社東芝 プリントヘッド、および画像形成装置
EP3610511B1 (en) 2017-04-12 2023-09-06 BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. Stacked organic light emitting apparatus, organic light emitting diode display apparatus, and method of fabricating a stacked organic light emitting apparatus
CN107134256A (zh) * 2017-05-03 2017-09-05 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 显示面板及其驱动方法、显示装置
CN107104128B (zh) * 2017-05-11 2021-04-27 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种像素单元及驱动方法、显示面板、显示装置
CN107170779A (zh) * 2017-05-12 2017-09-15 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种oled显示基板及显示装置
CN107420749B (zh) * 2017-07-25 2020-06-02 江苏集萃有机光电技术研究所有限公司 可调色温和显色指数的发光器件、调节方法及灯具
CN107425129B (zh) * 2017-07-26 2019-12-06 上海天马有机发光显示技术有限公司 一种有机发光显示面板、其色温调节方法及显示装置
CN107958962A (zh) 2017-11-21 2018-04-24 合肥鑫晟光电科技有限公司 Oled器件及其驱动方法、oled基板及其制作方法、显示装置
US11282981B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2022-03-22 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Passivation covered light emitting unit stack
US10892297B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2021-01-12 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode (LED) stack for a display
US11527519B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2022-12-13 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. LED unit for display and display apparatus having the same
US12100696B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2024-09-24 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode for display and display apparatus having the same
US10892296B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2021-01-12 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device having commonly connected LED sub-units
TWI641126B (zh) 2017-12-04 2018-11-11 友達光電股份有限公司 畫素結構
US10748881B2 (en) 2017-12-05 2020-08-18 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device with LED stack for display and display apparatus having the same
US10886327B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2021-01-05 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting stacked structure and display device having the same
US11552057B2 (en) 2017-12-20 2023-01-10 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. LED unit for display and display apparatus having the same
US11522006B2 (en) * 2017-12-21 2022-12-06 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting stacked structure and display device having the same
US11552061B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2023-01-10 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device with LED stack for display and display apparatus having the same
CN108183174B (zh) * 2017-12-27 2020-05-12 武汉华美晨曦光电有限责任公司 一种具有量子阱结构的交流驱动白光oled器件
US11114499B2 (en) 2018-01-02 2021-09-07 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Display device having light emitting stacked structure
US10784240B2 (en) 2018-01-03 2020-09-22 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Light emitting device with LED stack for display and display apparatus having the same
WO2019147479A1 (en) 2018-01-25 2019-08-01 OLEDWorks LLC Method for mask-free oled deposition and manufacture
US12108659B2 (en) * 2018-07-19 2024-10-01 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent device
KR102260883B1 (ko) * 2018-07-19 2021-06-07 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 유기 전계 발광 소자
CN109599420B (zh) * 2018-10-23 2021-02-26 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 一种显示面板及其制作方法
KR102520022B1 (ko) * 2018-11-26 2023-04-10 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 표시장치
CN109920928A (zh) * 2019-02-26 2019-06-21 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 显示面板以及显示装置
CN110808338A (zh) * 2019-10-10 2020-02-18 复旦大学 一种双面出光的串联式量子点器件
CN111554819B (zh) * 2020-04-27 2023-06-23 南方科技大学 发光器件及其发光颜色调节方法、显示装置
US20230284473A1 (en) * 2020-07-29 2023-09-07 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Light-emitting device and driving method for light-emitting device
CN111968565B (zh) * 2020-08-11 2021-08-03 Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 自发光型像素电路及显示面板
CN112164753B (zh) * 2020-09-28 2022-01-11 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Oled器件及其制备方法、显示基板及显示装置
CN112700748B (zh) 2020-12-28 2021-11-26 合肥视涯显示科技有限公司 一种显示面板及其控制方法、显示装置
CN114695687A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-01 Tcl科技集团股份有限公司 量子点发光器件和显示装置
CN112909053A (zh) * 2021-01-26 2021-06-04 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 显示装置、显示面板及其制造方法
CN116096119A (zh) * 2023-01-16 2023-05-09 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 发光器件、发光补偿方法及电子设备
CN116456776B (zh) * 2023-04-27 2024-05-17 惠科股份有限公司 阵列基板、显示面板及显示装置

Family Cites Families (202)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL250330A (zh) * 1959-04-09
US3658520A (en) * 1968-02-20 1972-04-25 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductive elements containing as photoconductors triarylamines substituted by active hydrogen-containing groups
US3567450A (en) * 1968-02-20 1971-03-02 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductive elements containing substituted triarylamine photoconductors
US4356429A (en) 1980-07-17 1982-10-26 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent cell
US4359507A (en) 1981-11-19 1982-11-16 Atlantic Richfield Company Mixed ethylene and propylene carbonate-containing organic polyisocyanate adhesive binder composition
JPS62147693A (ja) * 1985-12-23 1987-07-01 松下電器産業株式会社 薄膜el素子
US4780536A (en) 1986-09-05 1988-10-25 The Ohio State University Research Foundation Hexaazatriphenylene hexanitrile and its derivatives and their preparations
US5283182A (en) * 1986-09-17 1994-02-01 Beecham Group Plc Preparation of immobilized hydantoinase stabilized with divalent metal ions
US4885221A (en) 1986-12-06 1989-12-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electrophotography apparatus and electrophtographic process for developing positive image from positive or negative film
US4720432A (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-01-19 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with organic luminescent medium
US4885211A (en) 1987-02-11 1989-12-05 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with improved cathode
US4769292A (en) 1987-03-02 1988-09-06 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with modified thin film luminescent zone
US5121029A (en) * 1987-12-11 1992-06-09 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Electroluminescence device having an organic electroluminescent element
DE69027697T2 (de) * 1989-03-31 1997-01-23 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Organische elektrolumineszente Vorrichtung
GB8909011D0 (en) 1989-04-20 1989-06-07 Friend Richard H Electroluminescent devices
US5061569A (en) 1990-07-26 1991-10-29 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with organic electroluminescent medium
US5059862A (en) 1990-07-26 1991-10-22 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with improved cathode
US5059861A (en) 1990-07-26 1991-10-22 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent device with stabilizing cathode capping layer
JP3076603B2 (ja) 1990-09-20 2000-08-14 出光興産株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
US5151629A (en) 1991-08-01 1992-09-29 Eastman Kodak Company Blue emitting internal junction organic electroluminescent device (I)
US5150006A (en) 1991-08-01 1992-09-22 Eastman Kodak Company Blue emitting internal junction organic electroluminescent device (II)
US5141671A (en) 1991-08-01 1992-08-25 Eastman Kodak Company Mixed ligand 8-quinolinolato aluminum chelate luminophors
US5276380A (en) * 1991-12-30 1994-01-04 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent image display device
US5294870A (en) * 1991-12-30 1994-03-15 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent multicolor image display device
DE69305262T2 (de) * 1992-07-13 1997-04-30 Eastman Kodak Co Einen inneren Übergang aufweisende organisch elektrolumineszierende Vorrichtung mit einer neuen Zusammensetzung
JP3300069B2 (ja) 1992-11-19 2002-07-08 パイオニア株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
JPH06231882A (ja) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-19 Sharp Corp 薄膜el素子
JP3534445B2 (ja) * 1993-09-09 2004-06-07 隆一 山本 ポリチオフェンを用いたel素子
US5405709A (en) * 1993-09-13 1995-04-11 Eastman Kodak Company White light emitting internal junction organic electroluminescent device
JP3813217B2 (ja) 1995-03-13 2006-08-23 パイオニア株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンスディスプレイパネルの製造方法
US5503910A (en) * 1994-03-29 1996-04-02 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescence device
DE59510315D1 (de) 1994-04-07 2002-09-19 Covion Organic Semiconductors Spiroverbindungen und ihre Verwendung als Elektrolumineszenzmaterialien
US5552678A (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-09-03 Eastman Kodak Company AC drive scheme for organic led
US5703436A (en) 1994-12-13 1997-12-30 The Trustees Of Princeton University Transparent contacts for organic devices
US5608287A (en) * 1995-02-23 1997-03-04 Eastman Kodak Company Conductive electron injector for light-emitting diodes
JP3412076B2 (ja) 1995-03-08 2003-06-03 株式会社リコー 有機el素子
WO1996033594A1 (en) * 1995-04-18 1996-10-24 Cambridge Display Technology Limited Electroluminescent device
US5792568A (en) 1995-04-25 1998-08-11 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Organic electroluminescent element
JPH08325564A (ja) * 1995-06-05 1996-12-10 Nec Corp 有機薄膜el素子
US5593788A (en) * 1996-04-25 1997-01-14 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent devices with high operational stability
US5688551A (en) 1995-11-13 1997-11-18 Eastman Kodak Company Method of forming an organic electroluminescent display panel
DE19543205A1 (de) * 1995-11-20 1997-05-22 Bayer Ag Zwischenschicht in elektrolumineszierenden Anordnungen enthaltend feinteilige anorganische Partikel
DE19543637A1 (de) 1995-11-23 1997-05-28 Basf Ag Verwendung von in der plastisch-kolumnar diskotischen flüssigkristallinen Phase vorliegenden organischen Verbindungen zum Transport elektrischer Ladungen
JP4477150B2 (ja) 1996-01-17 2010-06-09 三星モバイルディスプレイ株式會社 有機薄膜el素子
US5683823A (en) 1996-01-26 1997-11-04 Eastman Kodak Company White light-emitting organic electroluminescent devices
JP3808534B2 (ja) * 1996-02-09 2006-08-16 Tdk株式会社 画像表示装置
TW365104B (en) 1996-03-19 1999-07-21 Motorola Inc Organic electroluminescent device with new hole transporting material
GB9609282D0 (en) 1996-05-03 1996-07-10 Cambridge Display Tech Ltd Protective thin oxide layer
US5776623A (en) * 1996-07-29 1998-07-07 Eastman Kodak Company Transparent electron-injecting electrode for use in an electroluminescent device
US5677572A (en) 1996-07-29 1997-10-14 Eastman Kodak Company Bilayer electrode on a n-type semiconductor
US5776622A (en) * 1996-07-29 1998-07-07 Eastman Kodak Company Bilayer eletron-injeting electrode for use in an electroluminescent device
US5766779A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-06-16 Eastman Kodak Company Electron transporting materials for organic electroluminescent devices
US5645948A (en) * 1996-08-20 1997-07-08 Eastman Kodak Company Blue organic electroluminescent devices
US5714838A (en) * 1996-09-20 1998-02-03 International Business Machines Corporation Optically transparent diffusion barrier and top electrode in organic light emitting diode structures
JPH10103115A (ja) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-21 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 筒内燃料噴射式2サイクルエンジン
JPH10125469A (ja) 1996-10-24 1998-05-15 Tdk Corp 有機el発光素子
DE69727987T2 (de) 1996-11-29 2005-01-20 Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. Organische elektrolumineszente Vorrichtung
US5998803A (en) 1997-05-29 1999-12-07 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic light emitting device containing a hole injection enhancement layer
US5811833A (en) 1996-12-23 1998-09-22 University Of So. Ca Electron transporting and light emitting layers based on organic free radicals
US5981306A (en) 1997-09-12 1999-11-09 The Trustees Of Princeton University Method for depositing indium tin oxide layers in organic light emitting devices
US6046543A (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-04-04 The Trustees Of Princeton University High reliability, high efficiency, integratable organic light emitting devices and methods of producing same
US6344283B1 (en) 1996-12-28 2002-02-05 Tdk Corporation Organic electroluminescent elements
US5917280A (en) * 1997-02-03 1999-06-29 The Trustees Of Princeton University Stacked organic light emitting devices
US5757139A (en) * 1997-02-03 1998-05-26 The Trustees Of Princeton University Driving circuit for stacked organic light emitting devices
US5739545A (en) * 1997-02-04 1998-04-14 International Business Machines Corporation Organic light emitting diodes having transparent cathode structures
US5935720A (en) 1997-04-07 1999-08-10 Eastman Kodak Company Red organic electroluminescent devices
DE69839015T2 (de) 1997-04-25 2008-12-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Seltene erden und komplex gruppe enthaltende komplex
US5928802A (en) * 1997-05-16 1999-07-27 Eastman Kodak Company Efficient blue organic electroluminescent devices
US5755999A (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-05-26 Eastman Kodak Company Blue luminescent materials for organic electroluminescent devices
US6171715B1 (en) * 1997-08-07 2001-01-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Organic electroluminescent element
US6497969B2 (en) 1997-09-05 2002-12-24 Nessdisplay Co., Ltd. Electroluminescent device having an organic layer including polyimide
DE19740792A1 (de) * 1997-09-17 1999-04-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Plasmas durch Einstrahlung von Mikrowellen
US6413656B1 (en) * 1998-09-14 2002-07-02 The University Of Southern California Reduced symmetry porphyrin molecules for producing enhanced luminosity from phosphorescent organic light emitting devices
US6451455B1 (en) 1998-04-01 2002-09-17 The Trustees Of Princeton University Metal complexes bearing both electron transporting and hole transporting moieties
US5851709A (en) 1997-10-31 1998-12-22 Eastman Kodak Company Method for selective transfer of a color organic layer
US6501217B2 (en) 1998-02-02 2002-12-31 International Business Machines Corporation Anode modification for organic light emitting diodes
WO1999039393A1 (en) 1998-02-02 1999-08-05 International Business Machines Corporation Anode modification for organic light emitting diodes
JPH11251067A (ja) * 1998-03-02 1999-09-17 Junji Kido 有機エレクトロルミネッセント素子
US5935721A (en) 1998-03-20 1999-08-10 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent elements for stable electroluminescent
JP3852518B2 (ja) 1998-05-18 2006-11-29 ソニー株式会社 有機電界発光素子
US6140763A (en) 1998-07-28 2000-10-31 Eastman Kodak Company Interfacial electron-injecting layer formed from a doped cathode for organic light-emitting structure
US6172459B1 (en) * 1998-07-28 2001-01-09 Eastman Kodak Company Electron-injecting layer providing a modified interface between an organic light-emitting structure and a cathode buffer layer
US6137223A (en) 1998-07-28 2000-10-24 Eastman Kodak Company Electron-injecting layer formed from a dopant layer for organic light-emitting structure
US6451415B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2002-09-17 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic photosensitive optoelectronic device with an exciton blocking layer
US6352777B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2002-03-05 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices with transparent electrodes
JP2000075836A (ja) * 1998-09-02 2000-03-14 Sharp Corp 有機el発光装置とその駆動方法
KR100841842B1 (ko) 1998-09-09 2008-06-27 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 유기 전자발광 소자 및 페닐렌디아민 유도체
US6830828B2 (en) * 1998-09-14 2004-12-14 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organometallic complexes as phosphorescent emitters in organic LEDs
US6097147A (en) 1998-09-14 2000-08-01 The Trustees Of Princeton University Structure for high efficiency electroluminescent device
US6208075B1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2001-03-27 Eastman Kodak Company Conductive fluorocarbon polymer and method of making same
JP2000164361A (ja) * 1998-11-25 2000-06-16 Tdk Corp 有機el素子
US6465115B2 (en) 1998-12-09 2002-10-15 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent device with anthracene derivatives hole transport layer
US6020078A (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-02-01 Eastman Kodak Company Green organic electroluminescent devices
US6066357A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-05-23 Eastman Kodak Company Methods of making a full-color organic light-emitting display
JP2000195664A (ja) * 1998-12-24 2000-07-14 Rohm Co Ltd 発光装置
US6656608B1 (en) 1998-12-25 2003-12-02 Konica Corporation Electroluminescent material, electroluminescent element and color conversion filter
KR100688694B1 (ko) * 1998-12-28 2007-02-28 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 유기 전기발광 소자
US6351067B2 (en) * 1999-01-21 2002-02-26 City University Of Hong Kong Organic electroluminescent device with improved hole injecting structure
JP4198253B2 (ja) 1999-02-02 2008-12-17 出光興産株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子およびその製造方法
US6521360B2 (en) * 1999-06-08 2003-02-18 City University Of Hong Kong White and colored organic electroluminescent devices using single emitting material by novel color change technique
GB9913449D0 (en) 1999-06-09 1999-08-11 Cambridge Display Tech Ltd Light-emitting devices
JP2003505823A (ja) 1999-07-19 2003-02-12 デュポン ディスプレイズ インコーポレイテッド 発光効率および放射輝度が向上した長寿命の重合体発光素子
US6310360B1 (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-10-30 The Trustees Of Princeton University Intersystem crossing agents for efficient utilization of excitons in organic light emitting devices
TW463520B (en) 1999-07-30 2001-11-11 Sony Corp Organic electroluminescent device
EP1076368A2 (en) 1999-08-11 2001-02-14 Eastman Kodak Company A surface-emitting organic light-emitting diode
US6278236B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2001-08-21 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent devices with electron-injecting layer having aluminum and alkali halide
KR100790663B1 (ko) * 1999-09-21 2008-01-03 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 유기 전자발광 소자 및 유기 발광 매체
JP2001135479A (ja) * 1999-11-08 2001-05-18 Canon Inc 発光素子、並びにそれを用いた画像読取装置、情報処理装置及びディスプレイ装置
JP3571977B2 (ja) 1999-11-12 2004-09-29 キヤノン株式会社 有機発光素子
US6458475B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2002-10-01 The Trustee Of Princeton University Organic light emitting diode having a blue phosphorescent molecule as an emitter
JP4255610B2 (ja) 1999-12-28 2009-04-15 出光興産株式会社 白色系有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
KR100377321B1 (ko) * 1999-12-31 2003-03-26 주식회사 엘지화학 피-형 반도체 성질을 갖는 유기 화합물을 포함하는 전기소자
KR100721656B1 (ko) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-23 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 전기 소자
US6953947B2 (en) 1999-12-31 2005-10-11 Lg Chem, Ltd. Organic thin film transistor
US7560175B2 (en) * 1999-12-31 2009-07-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Electroluminescent devices with low work function anode
TWI238183B (en) 2000-01-12 2005-08-21 Sumitomo Chemical Co Polymeric fluorescent substance and polymer light-emitting device
US6237529B1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2001-05-29 Eastman Kodak Company Source for thermal physical vapor deposition of organic electroluminescent layers
DE60140720D1 (de) * 2000-03-29 2010-01-21 Idemitsu Kosan Co Anthracenderivate und organische elektrolumineszente vorrichtung die unter verwendung dieser derivate hergestellt ist
JP4094203B2 (ja) * 2000-03-30 2008-06-04 出光興産株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び有機発光媒体
US6226890B1 (en) * 2000-04-07 2001-05-08 Eastman Kodak Company Desiccation of moisture-sensitive electronic devices
AT410729B (de) 2000-04-27 2003-07-25 Qsel Quantum Solar Energy Linz Photovoltaische zelle mit einer photoaktiven schicht aus zwei molekularen organischen komponenten
US6475648B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2002-11-05 Eastman Kodak Company Organic electroluminescent devices with improved stability and efficiency
US20020121638A1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-09-05 Vladimir Grushin Electroluminescent iridium compounds with fluorinated phenylpyridines, phenylpyrimidines, and phenylquinolines and devices made with such compounds
US6579629B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2003-06-17 Eastman Kodak Company Cathode layer in organic light-emitting diode devices
US6696177B1 (en) 2000-08-30 2004-02-24 Eastman Kodak Company White organic electroluminescent devices with improved stability and efficiency
JP4086498B2 (ja) 2000-11-29 2008-05-14 キヤノン株式会社 金属配位化合物、発光素子及び表示装置
AU2002222566A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2002-06-11 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Luminescent element and display
EP1349435B8 (en) * 2000-11-30 2018-09-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Luminescent element and display
JP4154145B2 (ja) * 2000-12-01 2008-09-24 キヤノン株式会社 金属配位化合物、発光素子及び表示装置
US6573651B2 (en) * 2000-12-18 2003-06-03 The Trustees Of Princeton University Highly efficient OLEDs using doped ambipolar conductive molecular organic thin films
US6693295B2 (en) 2000-12-25 2004-02-17 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Indole derivative, material for light-emitting device and light-emitting device using the same
US6720090B2 (en) 2001-01-02 2004-04-13 Eastman Kodak Company Organic light emitting diode devices with improved luminance efficiency
JP2002208486A (ja) 2001-01-09 2002-07-26 Canon Inc 有機電子デバイス
JP2002246184A (ja) 2001-02-14 2002-08-30 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 発光素子
JP4438042B2 (ja) 2001-03-08 2010-03-24 キヤノン株式会社 金属配位化合物、電界発光素子及び表示装置
JP4307000B2 (ja) 2001-03-08 2009-08-05 キヤノン株式会社 金属配位化合物、電界発光素子及び表示装置
JP4307001B2 (ja) 2001-03-14 2009-08-05 キヤノン株式会社 金属配位化合物、電界発光素子及び表示装置
WO2002080626A1 (fr) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-10 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Dispositif a electroluminescence
US6998487B2 (en) * 2001-04-27 2006-02-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Double-spiro organic compounds and organic electroluminescent devices using the same
EP2259285B1 (en) 2001-05-16 2014-10-22 The Trustees Of Princeton University High efficiency multi-color electro-phosphorescent OLEDs.
JP3650082B2 (ja) 2001-06-04 2005-05-18 三洋電機株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、発光材料および有機化合物
US7012588B2 (en) 2001-06-05 2006-03-14 Eastman Kodak Company Method for saving power in an organic electroluminescent display using white light emitting elements
WO2002104080A1 (fr) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif a electroluminescence organique
US7067202B2 (en) * 2001-06-15 2006-06-27 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Luminescent organometallic compound and light emitting device
JP4310077B2 (ja) 2001-06-19 2009-08-05 キヤノン株式会社 金属配位化合物及び有機発光素子
DE10135513B4 (de) 2001-07-20 2005-02-24 Novaled Gmbh Lichtemittierendes Bauelement mit organischen Schichten
JP4407102B2 (ja) 2001-08-06 2010-02-03 三菱化学株式会社 アントラセン系化合物、その製造方法および有機電界発光素子
US6627333B2 (en) 2001-08-15 2003-09-30 Eastman Kodak Company White organic light-emitting devices with improved efficiency
KR100917347B1 (ko) * 2001-08-29 2009-09-16 더 트러스티즈 오브 프린스턴 유니버시티 금속 착물들을 포함하는 캐리어 블로킹층들을 갖는 유기발광 디바이스들
JP3960765B2 (ja) 2001-09-03 2007-08-15 三洋電機株式会社 発光素子用発光材料
JP2003073387A (ja) 2001-09-04 2003-03-12 Canon Inc 金属配位化合物及び有機発光素子
US6835469B2 (en) * 2001-10-17 2004-12-28 The University Of Southern California Phosphorescent compounds and devices comprising the same
US6869695B2 (en) * 2001-12-28 2005-03-22 The Trustees Of Princeton University White light emitting OLEDs from combined monomer and aggregate emission
KR100691543B1 (ko) * 2002-01-18 2007-03-09 주식회사 엘지화학 새로운 전자 수송용 물질 및 이를 이용한 유기 발광 소자
US6872472B2 (en) * 2002-02-15 2005-03-29 Eastman Kodak Company Providing an organic electroluminescent device having stacked electroluminescent units
DE10207859A1 (de) * 2002-02-20 2003-09-04 Univ Dresden Tech Dotiertes organisches Halbleitermaterial sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US6824893B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2004-11-30 Eastman Kodak Company Organic element for electroluminescent devices
US6661023B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2003-12-09 Eastman Kodak Company Organic element for electroluminescent devices
US6680132B2 (en) 2002-03-25 2004-01-20 Eastman Kodak Company Red organic electroluminescent devices
JP3933591B2 (ja) * 2002-03-26 2007-06-20 淳二 城戸 有機エレクトロルミネッセント素子
DE10215210B4 (de) 2002-03-28 2006-07-13 Novaled Gmbh Transparentes, thermisch stabiles lichtemittierendes Bauelement mit organischen Schichten
CN1161002C (zh) 2002-04-03 2004-08-04 清华大学 一种有机电致发光器件
US6806491B2 (en) 2002-04-03 2004-10-19 Tsinghua University Organic light-emitting devices
JP2003303683A (ja) 2002-04-09 2003-10-24 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 発光装置
US6841267B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2005-01-11 Eastman Kodak Company Efficient electroluminescent device
AU2003230308A1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2003-11-11 Lg Chem, Ltd. New organic compounds for electroluminescence and organic electroluminescent devices using the same
US20040001969A1 (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-01 Eastman Kodak Company Device containing green organic light-emitting diode
US6720092B2 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-04-13 Eastman Kodak Company White organic light-emitting devices using rubrene layer
JP2004063079A (ja) 2002-07-24 2004-02-26 Seiko Precision Inc El素子
JP2004091334A (ja) 2002-08-29 2004-03-25 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 2,6−アリールアミノアントラセン系化合物、電荷輸送材料及び有機電界発光素子
US6765349B2 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-07-20 Eastman Kodak Company High work function metal alloy cathode used in organic electroluminescent devices
US6936964B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2005-08-30 Eastman Kodak Company OLED lamp
US6717358B1 (en) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-06 Eastman Kodak Company Cascaded organic electroluminescent devices with improved voltage stability
US7052351B2 (en) * 2002-12-31 2006-05-30 Eastman Kodak Company Using hole- or electron-blocking layers in color OLEDS
KR101156971B1 (ko) * 2003-01-29 2012-06-20 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 발광장치
US6870196B2 (en) * 2003-03-19 2005-03-22 Eastman Kodak Company Series/parallel OLED light source
US7029765B2 (en) 2003-04-22 2006-04-18 Universal Display Corporation Organic light emitting devices having reduced pixel shrinkage
JP3902566B2 (ja) 2003-04-24 2007-04-11 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 有機el発光素子
US6875320B2 (en) * 2003-05-05 2005-04-05 Eastman Kodak Company Highly transparent top electrode for OLED device
JP4839568B2 (ja) 2003-06-11 2011-12-21 セイコーエプソン株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス装置、及びその駆動方法、並びに電子機器
JP3755521B2 (ja) 2003-06-13 2006-03-15 セイコーエプソン株式会社 有機el装置とその駆動方法、照明装置、及び電子機器
JP2007502534A (ja) 2003-08-12 2007-02-08 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 有機ダイオードの交流駆動用回路配置
KR100552968B1 (ko) 2003-09-23 2006-02-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 액티브 매트릭스 유기전계 발광표시장치
US6963081B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2005-11-08 Osram Otpo Semiconductors Gmbh Interfacial trap layer to improve carrier injection
DE10357044A1 (de) 2003-12-04 2005-07-14 Novaled Gmbh Verfahren zur Dotierung von organischen Halbleitern mit Chinondiiminderivaten
JP4276109B2 (ja) 2004-03-01 2009-06-10 ローム株式会社 有機エレクトロルミネッセント素子
US7193291B2 (en) 2004-03-25 2007-03-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Organic Schottky diode
JP2005277282A (ja) 2004-03-26 2005-10-06 Canon Inc 有機半導体素子及びその製造方法
KR100636653B1 (ko) 2004-04-27 2006-10-19 주식회사 진켐 신규한 올리보실 피크로마이신 유도체 및 그 제조방법
TWI265753B (en) 2004-05-11 2006-11-01 Lg Chemical Ltd Organic electronic device
TWI327563B (en) 2004-05-24 2010-07-21 Au Optronics Corp Anthracene compound and organic electroluminescent device including the anthracene compound
KR100662744B1 (ko) 2004-07-12 2007-01-02 엘에스산전 주식회사 광 대전류/고전압 센서
JP4566195B2 (ja) 2004-07-22 2010-10-20 ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 半導体装置の製造方法
KR100718765B1 (ko) 2004-08-19 2007-05-15 주식회사 엘지화학 버퍼층을 포함하는 유기 발광 소자 및 이의 제작 방법
JP2006085933A (ja) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-30 Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd 表示装置の製造方法及び製造装置
US20060240280A1 (en) 2005-04-21 2006-10-26 Eastman Kodak Company OLED anode modification layer
US20060240281A1 (en) 2005-04-21 2006-10-26 Eastman Kodak Company Contaminant-scavenging layer on OLED anodes
KR100890862B1 (ko) 2005-11-07 2009-03-27 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 발광 소자 및 이의 제조 방법
EP1804309B1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2008-07-23 Novaled AG Electronic device with a layer structure of organic layers
WO2007083918A1 (en) 2006-01-18 2007-07-26 Lg Chem. Ltd. Oled having stacked organic light-emitting units
JP5030742B2 (ja) * 2006-11-30 2012-09-19 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 発光素子
KR100833753B1 (ko) * 2006-12-21 2008-05-30 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 유기 전계 발광 표시 장치 및 그 구동방법

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6554291B2 (ja) 2019-07-31
US20090009101A1 (en) 2009-01-08
US8680693B2 (en) 2014-03-25
JP2013110121A (ja) 2013-06-06
TW200733781A (en) 2007-09-01
KR20070076521A (ko) 2007-07-24
EP1974590B1 (en) 2020-03-04
EP1974590A1 (en) 2008-10-01
CN101371619B (zh) 2013-11-13
EP1974590A4 (en) 2009-11-11
JP6157865B2 (ja) 2017-07-05
WO2007083918A1 (en) 2007-07-26
JP2015111592A (ja) 2015-06-18
JP2009524189A (ja) 2009-06-25
KR100845694B1 (ko) 2008-07-11
CN101371619A (zh) 2009-02-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI371987B (en) Oled having stacked organic light-emitting units
KR102205721B9 (ko) 유기 전계발광 장치
GB2426856B (en) Stacked oled structure
EP2299786A4 (en) STACKED ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DIODE
EP2117063A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE ELEMENT
EP2174363A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE
EP2174364A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE
GB2464111B (en) Organic electroluminescent device
GB2460646B (en) Organic electroluminescence element
GB2439358B (en) Organic electroluminescent optocouplers
EP1866985A4 (en) ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE
EP1956666A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE ELEMENT
EP2018090A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE
TWI341038B (en) Electroluminescence module
PL1986473T3 (pl) Organiczne urządzenie elektroluminescencyjne
EP2315290A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE ELEMENT
GB2462844B (en) Organic electroluminescent device
GB0810115D0 (en) Organic electroluminescent device
GB0625541D0 (en) Electroluminescent devices
EP2360752A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE ELEMENT
GB2462313B (en) Organic electroluminescent device
EP1953844A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE
EP1976042A4 (en) ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE ELEMENT
EP2304823A4 (en) ORGANIC LIGHT DIODE LIGHTING DEVICES
GB2439887B (en) Organic electroluminescent device