JP6553605B2 - 血管新生抑制活性を有するペプチド、及びそれを含む組成物 - Google Patents
血管新生抑制活性を有するペプチド、及びそれを含む組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6553605B2 JP6553605B2 JP2016533182A JP2016533182A JP6553605B2 JP 6553605 B2 JP6553605 B2 JP 6553605B2 JP 2016533182 A JP2016533182 A JP 2016533182A JP 2016533182 A JP2016533182 A JP 2016533182A JP 6553605 B2 JP6553605 B2 JP 6553605B2
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Description
かような背景下において、本発明者らは、効果にすぐれ、毒性が少ない血管新生抑制用組成物を開発すべく鋭意努力した結果、本発明の完成に至った。
(1)疎水性:ノルロイシン、met、ala、val、leu、ile;
(2)中性親水性:cys、ser、thr;
(3)酸性:asp、glu;
(4)塩基性:asn、gln、his、lys、arg;
(5)鎖配向に影響を及ぼす残基:gly、pro;及び
(6)芳香族:trp、tyr、phe。
本発明の一側面において組成物は、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド、前記アミノ酸配列と80%以上の配列相同性を有するペプチド、またはその断片であるペプチドを有効成分で含む血管新生抑制用食品組成物を提供する。
配列番号1のペプチド(以下「PEP 1」とする)を従来に知られた固相ペプチド合成法(SPPS:solid phase peptide synthesis)によって製造した。具体的には、ペプチドは、ASP48S(Peptron、Inc.,大韓民国・大田)を利用して、Fmoc固相合成法を介して、C末端からアミノ酸一つずつカップリングすることによって合成した。次のように、ペプチドのC末端の最初のアミノ酸が樹脂に付着されたものを使用した。例えば、次の通りである:
NH2−Ala−2−chloro−Trityl Resin
NH2−Arg(Pbf)−2−chloro−Trityl Resin
1)カップリング
NH2−Lys(Boc)−2−chloro−Trityl Resinで保護されたアミノ酸(8当量)と、カップリング試薬HBTU(8当量)/HOBt(8当量)/NMM(16当量)とをDMFに溶解させて添加した後、常温で2時間反応させ、DMF、MeOH、DMFの順に洗浄した。
20%のDMF中のピペリジン(piperidine in DMF)を加え、常温で5分間2回反応させ、DMF、MeOH、DMFの順に洗浄した。
細胞株培養
ヒト乳癌細胞株MCF7(human breast adenocarcinoma cell line)、ヒトTリンパ球細胞株(Jurkat)及びMC38(murine colon adenocarcinoma)細胞株は、10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS:fetal bovine serum)と、100U/mlペニシリン(penicillin)及びストレプトマイシン(streptomycin)を添加したRPMI1460培地に維持した。HeLa(human cervical adenocarcinoma)細胞株は、10%ウシ胎児血清、100U/mlペニシリン及びストレプトマイシンを添加したDMEM(Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’smedium)培地で維持した。
低酸素状態において、PEP1がHSPのレベルに及ぼす影響を試験するために、MCF7細胞とHeLa細胞とを20μMのPEP1で処理した後、低酸素状態及び正常酸素状態において培養した。90分内に触媒反応を起こし、酸素を感知することができないレベルに低下させるBBL GasPak(Becton Dickinson)を使用して、無酸素症を誘導した。培養時間は、2〜24時間範囲であった。前述のように、細胞は、収去後、α−HSP70,α−HSP90,α−HIF−1α,orα−GAPDH抗体を使用して、免疫ブロッティングを実施した。α−GAPDHは、タンパク質の定量(protein quantification)のために、HSP70/90の量を、GAPDHの量に標準化(normalization)させるために使用したのである。
Jurkat細胞及びMCF7細胞(5x105)を12時間接種して培養した。OPTI−MEM培地を入れ、2時間飢餓状態処理(starvation)を施した後、図面に示されているように、細胞を、異なる濃度のPEP1、スクランブル(スクランブルされた)ペプチド、及び17−AAG(1μM)またはKNK437(1μM)で処理した。2時間の培養後、細胞を収去した後、細胞溶解バッファ(cell lysis buffer,Thermo Scientific,IL、米国)を利用して溶解した。ブラッドフォードタンパク質アッセイ(Bradford Protein Assay,Bio−Rad、米国)を利用して、タンパク質濃度を定量した後、サンプルを、α−HSP70(sc−32239及びsc−66048,Santa Cruz,CA、米国),α−HSP90(ab1429,abcam、米国),α−GRP78(sc−13968),α−HIF−1a(sc−10790)またはα−GAPDH(sc−25778)抗体を使用して、SDS−PAGEと免疫ブロッティングを実施した。免疫反応性バンドは、強化された化学発光法キット(chemiluminescence kit)(iNtRoN Biotechnology,INC、韓国)を使用して視覚化し、ImageQuantTM LAS−4000(GE Healthcare Life Science,NJ、米国)を使用して分析した。
MCF7細胞は、PEP1処理または対照群処理を行った。プロテアソーム抑制テスト(proteasome inhibition test)を実施するために、培養する間、細胞を5μMのプロテアソーム抑制剤MG132(Calboicam)で処理した。トリプシンを使用して細胞を分離し、冷たいPBSとFACSバッファ(PBS含有1% BSA及び0.1% NaN3)で洗浄した。細胞内染色のために、細胞を製造メーカーの指針により、透過バッファ(permeabilization buffer,eBioscience,CA、米国)で処理した。細胞は、4℃で30分間、α−HSP70−FITC(ab61907,Abcam)またはα−HSP90−PE(ab65171,Abcam)と反応させた。FACScan flow cytometer(Becton Dickinson Co.,CA、米国)を利用して、流細胞分析を実施した。データは、FlowjoTMソフトウェア(version 10.0.5,Tree Star Inc.,OR、米国)を使用して分析した。
7週齢BALB/cアスミック(Nu/Nu)マウス(10mice per group;n=20,female,Orient Bio Co.,京畿道、韓国)に対して、murine colon carcinoma MC38(5x105cells/ml in 200μl PBS per site)細胞を皮下接種した後、任意に2つのグループに分けた。マウスは、2日に1回、腹腔内にPEP1(50μg/kg in 100μl 0.9% NaCl solution)またはPBSを注射した。腫瘍の大きさが10mmに達したとき、PEP1またはPBSを腫瘍内注射で投与した。腫瘍の大きさは、2日に1回測定し、腫瘍の体積は、次のような式を利用して計算した(volume(mm3)=((width2xlength)/2)。実験14日目、マウスを犠牲し、腫瘍の重さを測定した。全ての動物実験は、The Institute for Experimental Animals,College o fMedicine,Seoul National University at Seoul、韓国によって承認された。
腫瘍のアポトーシス細胞死滅を評価するために、ホルマリンに固定され、パラフィンに包埋された腫瘍組織セクション(formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor sections)を使用したTUNELアッセイを介して、DNA断片化(DNA fragmentation)を分析した。製造メーカーの指針により、腫瘍セクションは、ApopTag Peroxidase In Situアポトーシス検出キット(Millipore)を使用して染色した。腫瘍内増殖細胞は、PCNA(proliferating cell nuclear antigen)を使用して感知した。抗原検索のために、組織セクションは、40分間10μMクエン酸(pH6.0)バッファにおいて脱パラフィンさせ、水和させて加熱した。組織は、抗マウスPCNAモノクローナル抗体(anti-mouse PCNA monoclonal antibody,ab29,Abcam)を使用して染色した。二次抗体処理して開発した後、H&E染色方法を利用して、組織セクションを対照染色した。その後、フィールドは、それぞれの処理グループの6個スライドから任意に選択し、フィールドは、定量のためにLeica Qwinソフトで分析した。
PCNA染色法と類似した方法で、免疫ヒストケミカル染色を使用して、腫瘍のHSP70タンパク質及びHSP90タンパク質の発現を評価した。熱衝撃タンパク質(HSP70;sc−7298、HSP90;ab1429)に対する抗体を、一次抗体として使用した。腫瘍によるHSP70タンパク質及びHSP90タンパク質の発現は、腫瘍溶解物(tumor lysate)を利用する免疫ブロッティングを介して評価した。液体酸素を利用して凍結させた後、腫瘍は、乳鉢(mortar)を使用してつぶし、抽出バッファ(extraction buffer:20mM HEPES,pH7.5;100mM NaCl,0.05%;Triton X−100,1mM DTT;0.5mM sodium orthovanadate;1mM EDTA,0.5mM PMSF;10μg/ml aprotinin;5μg/ml leupeptin;2μg/ml pepstatin)で均質化させた。反復遠心分離後、前述のように上層液は、SDS−PAGE及び免疫ブロッティングを実施した。
癌細胞のVEGF分泌は、ELISA(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)を介して確認した。MCF7細胞とHeLa細胞は、24時間、PEP1またはビークルを添加した後、低酸素状態または正常酸素状態において培養した。細胞上層液のVEGF量は、製造メーカーの指針により、human VEGF免疫分析キット(R&D Systems、米国)を使用して確認した。血液内のHSP70濃度及びHSP90濃度を分析するために、腫瘍を有しているマウスモデルから血液を採取した。血清準備後、血液内のHSP70及びHSP90の濃度は、免疫分析キット for HSP70(R&D Systems、米国)及び免疫分析キット for HSP90(Cusabio Biotech Co.,Ltd,DE、米国)を使用して確認した。
スライスした腫瘍セクションは、常温で、4%パラホルムアルデヒド(paraformaldehyde)で15分間固定させた。PBSで2回洗浄した後、10分間0.25% Triton X−100を含んだPBSで培養した後、PBSでさらに3回洗浄した。1% BSA−PBSTで組織を30分間遮断した後、マウス抗Tie2(557039,BD Pharmigen)と、ラット抗CD11b抗体(rat anti−CD11b antibodies,ab8878,abcam)との混合物と共に、4℃ウェットチャンバで培養した。洗浄後、組織は、AlexaFlour 488 goat anti-mouse IgG及びAelxaFlour 633 goat anti-rat IgGの混合物と共に培養した。細胞核を視覚化させるために、DAPI(Sigma Aldrich)と1分間培養した後、共焦点顕微鏡で分析した。
対照群と、処理されたグループとの統計的比較は、student’s t−testを利用した。P−valueの値が、0.05と同じであるか、あるいはそれ以下であるとき(p≦0.05)、有意的であると見なした。
HIF−1α(hypoxia inducible factor−1 alpha)は、低酸素刺激、さまざまな成長因子及びサイトカインに反応して活性化される物質であり、虚血組織内新生血管形成に重要な役割を行うと知られている。また、血管内皮細胞成長因子(VEGF:vascular endothelial growth factor)は、HIF−1αの調節を受け、新生血管形成を直接刺激する因子である。
実験の結果、分泌されたVEGFの量は、漸次的に低酸素条件の誘導によって増加した。しかし、低酸素条件において、MCF7とHeLaとから分泌されたVEGFの量は、PEP1処理によって、相当に減少したということを確認することができた。(図3参照)。
新生血管形成に影響を及ぼすHIF−1αは、HSPのクライアントタンパク質と知られているために、本実施例においては、PEP1が、HSP70とHSP90とのタンパク質数値に影響を及ぼすか否かということについて確認した。図4及び図5から分かるように、PEP1を2時間処理すれば、Jurkat T細胞リンパ腫細胞内及びMCF7乳癌細胞内のHSP70及びHSP90をいずれも相当なレベルで減少させた。Jurkat細胞を利用した実験において、5μMのPEP1は、HSP70及びHSP90を50%以上減少させた。
前記実施例3及び4のような脈絡において、低酸素条件(hypoxia)と正常酸素条件(normoxia)とにおいて、腫瘍細胞成長に対するPEP1の効果について調査した。PEP1は、普通条件(正常酸素条件(normoxia))において、MCF7細胞とHeLa細胞との成長に弱い抑制効果を示したが、PEP1の抑制効果は、低酸素条件において非常に増進された(図10及び図11参照)。
Tie2は、血管形成開始に核心的な役割を行う[Du R et al., Cancer cell, 13: 206-20, 2008]。PEP1がHSPを不安定化させ、HIF−1αとVEGFとの腫瘍細胞内発現を抑制することができることの確認を基に、PEP1が、腫瘍にTEM(Tie2発現単核白血球、Tie2 expressing monocytes)を誘引(recruitment)するのに影響を及ぼすか否かということに係わる実験を行った。免疫ヒストケミカル染色(immunohistochemial staining)結果、PEP1処理したラットから採取した腫瘍のTie2+ CD11b+単核白血球の数は、対照群ラットから採取した腫瘍より著しく少なかったということを確認することができた(図12及び図13参照)。それは、PEP1によるHIF−1αとVEGFとの発現抑制が、血管形成に重要なTEM誘引に影響を及ぼし、顕著に抑制するということを示す。
PEP1が、生体内(in vivo)実験条件において、HSP70とHSP90との発現を抑制するか否かということを確認するために、α−HSP70抗体またはα−HSP90抗体を利用した免疫組織化学染色を実施した。癌細胞株から得るデータと一貫して、PEP1が処理された群から採取された腫瘍部分は、PBS処理した対照群と比較するとき、弱い染色パターンを示した(図14参照)。PEP1処理されたサンプルにおいて、陽性に染色された部分は、対照群比較するとき、非常に小さい(図15参照)。
HSP70及びHSP90いずれも腫瘍細胞から分泌され、最近の研究は、腫瘍形成及び抗腫瘍反応にいくつかの役割を行っている。HSP90とHSP70との分泌において、PEP1の役割についてさらに詳細に説明するために、腫瘍を有したラットの血液から、HSP70とHSP90との濃度を測定した。たとえPEP1処理群と対照群との間に、分泌されたHSP90の数値に変化がないにしても、PEP1処理したラットのHSP70数値が対照群より低く示された(図17参照)。
前記実施例の結果は、PEP1のHSP90機能及びHSP70機能に対する抑制役割を示し、それを介して、他のHSP抑制剤と共に、PEP1が潜在的な腫瘍抑制機能も有するということを示唆するともいえる。
ヘマトキシリン−エオシン(H&E:hematoxylin and eosin)染色を介した組織学的検査は、PEP1処理したラットの組織セクションが、対照群ラットにおいてよりも、さらに多くの空きスペースを示している。それは、PEP1処理したラットの腫瘍において、多くの細胞死滅が発生したということを示唆する(図22参照)。また、PEP1処理したラットから採取した腫瘍において、さらに少ない血管が発見されたが、それは、PEP1が他のHSP抑制剤とともに、血管形成を抑制する機能を有するということを示しているといえる(図22参照)。TUNEL染色(TUNEL staining)によって、細胞がアポトーシス細胞死滅を進めるように見られるが、それは、PEP1の抗癌効果をさらに確実に確認させる。図23から分かるように、対照群腫瘍の場合と比較するとき、PEP1を処理した腫瘍サンプルにおいて、相当な程度に高い数値の細胞死滅が観察された。また、細胞核抗原(PCNA)の増殖を測定するための腫瘍部分の染色は、PEP1を処理した群の腫瘍部分において、細胞増殖の減少を明らかに示している(図24参照)。
1)細胞培養
本実施例は、ヒト臍帯静脈血管内皮細胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cell)をEGM−2培地で培養し、2ないし5継代間の血管内皮細胞のみを実験に使用した。
試験物質であるヒト臍帯静脈血管内皮細胞は、Lonza(Walkersville,MD、米国)から購入し、VEGF−A(血管内皮細胞増殖因子−A)は、Merck Millipore(Billerica、MA、米国)からそれぞれ購入して使用した。PEP1は、PBS(pH7.4)に溶解して使用した。
血管内皮細胞を、6ウェルプレート(BD Biosciences,Bedford,MA、米国)に、それぞれ1x105cells/ウェルでプレーティングした。血清及び血管新生誘導因子がない基本EBM−2培地(Lonza)で、細胞をG1/G0 phaseで同期化した後、PEP1を、濃度別(0.05,0.5,5μM)に処理し、EGM−2培地で24時間刺激し、細胞増殖抑制効果を観察した。
Matrigrl(登録商標) basement membrane matrix(10.4mg/mL,BD Biosciences)を、24ウェルプレートに、200μlずつコーティング(37℃で30分)した後、血管内皮細胞(4x104cells/ウェル)をプレーティングし、基本EBM−2培地で2時間、serum-starvationした。PEP1を、濃度別(0.05,0.5,5μM)に処理し、EGM−2培地で6時間刺激した。過形成変化は、Olympus CKX41 inverted microscope(CAchN 10/0.25php objective,Olympus Optical Co.,Tokyo、日本)と、ToupTek Toupview software(version x86、3.5.563,Hangzhou ToupTek Photonics Co.,Zhejiang、中国)を利用して観察した(図26a)。
1)VEGF−Aによる血管内皮細胞の増殖と生存率との分析及び効果
血管内皮細胞を、6ウェルプレート(BD Biosciences,Bedford,MA、米国)に、それぞれ1x105cells/ウェルでプレーティングした。血清及び血管新生誘導因子がない基本EBM−2培地(Lonza)で、細胞をG1/G0 phaseに同期化した後、PEP1を、濃度別(0.05,0.5,5μM)に処理し、VEGF−A(10ng/mL)で24時間刺激し、細胞増殖抑制効果を観察した。
PEP1は、多様な血管新生誘導因子を含むEGM−2条件と類似して、VEGF−Aによる血管内皮細胞の増殖を、濃度依存的に抑制し(図27a)、細胞生存率には、影響を及ぼさないということを確認した(図27b)。
Matrigrl(登録商標) basement membrane matrix(10.4mg/mL、BD Biosciences)を、24ウェルプレートに200μlずつコーティング(37℃で30分)した後、血管内皮細胞(4x104cells/ウェル)をプレーティングし、基本EBM−2培地で2時間serum-starvationした。PEP1を、濃度別(0.05,0.5,5μM)に処理し、VEGF−A(10ng/mL)で6時間刺激した。過形成変化は、Olympus CKX41 inverted microscope(CAchN 10/0.25php objective,Olympus Optical Co.,Tokyo、日本)と、ToupTek Toupview software(version x86,3.5.563,Hangzhou ToupTek Photonics Co.,Zhejiang、中国)を利用して観察した(図28a)。
基本EBM−2培地で2時間、serum-starvationさせた血管内皮細胞を、100mL(4x105cells/mL)ずつ、Matrigel(登録商標)(1mg/mL,BD Biosciences)コーティングされたトランスウェルインサート(Costar,6.5mm径)にプレーティングし、下側ウェルには、基本EBM−2培地を600μl入れた。図29には、インサートを設けた大略的な模式図が図示されている。
Claims (8)
- 配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、または前記ペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有するペプチドを含む血管新生抑制用組成物であって、前記組成物は、糖尿病性網膜症、未熟児網膜症、角膜移植拒絶、新生血管緑内障、紅色症、増殖性網膜症、乾癬、黄斑変性、血友病性関節、アテローム性動脈硬化プラーク内での毛細管増殖、ケロイド、怪我顆粒化、血管接着、リウマチ関節炎、慢性炎症、骨関節炎、自己免疫疾患、クローン病、再発狭窄症、アテローム性動脈硬化、腸管接着、キャットスクラッチ疾患、潰瘍、肝硬変、糸状体腎炎、糖尿病性腎臓病症、悪性腎硬化症、血栓性微小血管症、器官移植拒絶、腎糸球体病症、糖尿病、あるいは、炎症または神経変性の非調節性血管新生関連疾病または疾患の予防または治療用である、組成物。
- 過剰な血管新生関連性の眼科疾患の予防または治療用である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記眼科疾患は、糖尿病性網膜症、未熟児網膜症、角膜移植拒絶、新生血管緑内障、紅色症、増殖性網膜症、乾癬である、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、または前記ペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有するペプチドを含む血管新生抑制用組成物であって、前記組成物は、腫瘍増殖及び転移の予防または治療用であり、前記組成物は、血管内皮細胞の増殖または管形成を抑制し、前記腫瘍は低酸素状態であり、そして、前記組成物は、前記腫瘍におけるHIF−1aの生産、ならびに、HSP70タンパク質レベル及びHSP90タンパク質レベルを減少させる、組成物。
- 前記組成物は、血管内皮細胞の増殖、VEGF(血管内皮細胞増殖因子)により誘導される管形成、及び血管内皮細胞の浸透を抑制することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物は、VEGF−A(血管内皮細胞増殖因子−A)による血管内皮細胞の増殖、管形成、または血管内皮細胞の浸透を抑制する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物は、医薬組成物である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物は、食品組成物である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
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KR102314231B1 (ko) | 2013-12-17 | 2021-10-19 | 주식회사 젬백스앤카엘 | 전립선 암 치료용 조성물 |
EP3130345B9 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2022-05-04 | Gemvax & Kael Co., Ltd. | Peptide having fibrosis inhibitory activity and composition containing same |
JP6466971B2 (ja) | 2014-04-30 | 2019-02-06 | ジェムバックス アンド カエル カンパニー,リミティド | 臓器、組織又は細胞移植用組成物、キット及び移植方法 |
WO2015182798A1 (ko) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-12-03 | 주식회사 카엘젬백스 | 골수-유래 억제세포(myeloid-derived suppressor cells, mdscs) 저해용 조성물 |
KR102413243B1 (ko) | 2014-12-23 | 2022-06-27 | 주식회사 젬백스앤카엘 | 안질환 치료 펩티드 및 이를 포함하는 안질환 치료용 조성물 |
US10835582B2 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2020-11-17 | Gemvax & Kael Co. Ltd. | Peptide for preventing hearing loss, and composition comprising same |
KR20170054310A (ko) | 2015-11-09 | 2017-05-17 | 주식회사 젬백스앤카엘 | 텔로머라제 유래 펩티드를 포함하는 수지상세포 치료제 및 면역 치료제, 및 이를 사용하는 치료방법 |
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KR20160079881A (ko) | 2016-07-06 |
KR20230020009A (ko) | 2023-02-09 |
EP3072519A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
EP3072519A4 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
ES2818921T3 (es) | 2021-04-14 |
EP3072519B1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
KR102359396B1 (ko) | 2022-02-08 |
KR20220020411A (ko) | 2022-02-18 |
CN105848667A (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
JP2016539121A (ja) | 2016-12-15 |
US10034922B2 (en) | 2018-07-31 |
WO2015076621A1 (ko) | 2015-05-28 |
CN105848667B (zh) | 2020-05-19 |
KR102494803B1 (ko) | 2023-02-06 |
US20160296604A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
KR102694658B1 (ko) | 2024-08-14 |
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