JP4689717B2 - 光輝性顔料およびその製造方法、並びに該光輝性顔料を含む水性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
光輝性顔料およびその製造方法、並びに該光輝性顔料を含む水性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4689717B2 JP4689717B2 JP2008512181A JP2008512181A JP4689717B2 JP 4689717 B2 JP4689717 B2 JP 4689717B2 JP 2008512181 A JP2008512181 A JP 2008512181A JP 2008512181 A JP2008512181 A JP 2008512181A JP 4689717 B2 JP4689717 B2 JP 4689717B2
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- FDEIWTXVNPKYDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O FDEIWTXVNPKYDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940001585 sodium molybdate(vi) Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WZWGGYFEOBVNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na] WZWGGYFEOBVNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEIBTGABMNALIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(2-isocyanatoethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCN=C=O KEIBTGABMNALIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3-isocyanatopropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN=C=O FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZFRVZDLZISPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten(6+) Chemical compound [W+6] FZFRVZDLZISPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[V+3] HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004394 yellowing prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09D11/00—Inks
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Description
(1)アルミニウム粉体、または箔状樹脂に金属を被覆したものを粉砕加工して得られる粉体
(2)雲母粉体に金属被覆をしたもの
これらの光輝性顔料は金属光沢を有するため、使用対象への強い光輝感の付与を可能とし、使用対象に意匠的に優れた外観を与えることができる。
上記塗料等には、水性樹脂の溶解性や分散性を向上させるために、アルコール系溶媒が含まれている。このアルコール系溶媒は、銀の酸化触媒作用により酸化され、アルデヒドやケトンになる。
(化1)
Ag+2NH4OH→[Ag(NH3)3]++2H2O→Ag++2NH4OH
(化2)
2Ag++2C2H5OH+O2→2Ag↓+2CH3CHO+2H2O
(化3)
2Ag++2(CH3)2CHOH+O2→2Ag↓+(CH3)2CO+2H2O
また、水性樹脂自体が、銀の酸化触媒作用により酸化され黄変する場合がある。そのような樹脂としては、例えば、スチレンモノマーを原料とするスチレン共重合体が挙げられる。スチレン共重合体としては、例えば、スチレン−(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体(例えばカルボキシル基が導入されたスチレン・ブタジエン系ラテックス)、スチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体などが挙げられる。
実施形態1では、本発明の光輝性顔料の一例およびその製造方法について説明する。
鱗片状の無機基材10の材料としては、例えば、ガラス、雲母、マイカ、シリカおよびアルミナからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が挙げられる。これらのうち、ガラスは平滑な表面を得やすいので好ましい。
銀含有被膜11は、銀単体または銀系合金を含む。銀含有被膜11が銀単体を含む場合、銀含有被膜11は実質的に銀から形成されていてもよい。
酸化剤として機能する金属化合物としては、金属の水酸化物、金属の酸化物水和物、および金属の酸化物水和物の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が挙げられ、上記金属としては、タングステン、モリブデン、ビスマス、バナジウム、およびセリウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が挙げられる。よって、上記酸化剤として機能する金属化合物としては、セリウムの水酸化物、セリウムの酸化物水和物、セリウムの酸化物水和物の塩、タングステンの水酸化物、タングステンの酸化物水和物、タングステンの酸化物水和物の塩、バナジウムの水酸化物、バナジウムの酸化物水和物、バナジウムの酸化物水和物の塩、ビスマスの水酸化物、ビスマスの酸化物水和物、ビスマスの酸化物水和物の塩、モリブデンの水酸化物、モリブデンの酸化物水和物、およびモリブデンの酸化物水和物の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が挙げられる。
図2に示すように、本発明の光輝性顔料は、無機基材10を黄変抑制被膜2の外側から覆う、保護被膜3をさらに備えていてもよい。保護被膜3としては、例えば、SiO2を主成分として含むシリカ系被膜が挙げられる。保護被膜3は、実質的にシリカのみから形成されていてもよいが、シリカ以外の成分として、被膜の屈折率を調整し、および、耐アルカリ性を向上させるために、チタニアおよびジルコニアのうちの少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。保護被膜3は、光輝性顔料の最外層であってもよい。
本発明の光輝性顔料は、熱硬化性樹脂などの樹脂との親和性を向上させるために、必要に応じて、最表層としてカップリング処理層4が形成されていてもよい。カップリング処理層4は、官能基を有する有機化合物を含む。官能基としては、メタクリロキシ基、エポキシ基、アミノ基、アルコキシル基、ビニル基、およびイソシアネート基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が挙げられる。カップリング処理層4は、官能基を有する有機化合物を含む水溶液と処理対象とを混合し、上記水溶液から濾過して得た処理対象を乾燥させることにより形成できる。この水溶液のpHは適宜調整すればよいが、通常3〜10が適当である。乾燥は、例えば、定温乾燥機を用いて行えばよい。乾燥を行う雰囲気の温度は、80〜150℃が適当である。有機化合物としては、具体的には下記のものを例示できる。
実施形態2では、本発明の水性樹脂組成物の一例およびその製造方法について説明する。
カルボキシル基含有アクリル酸系重合体は、例えば、アクリル酸エステル類と、芳香族ビニル類またはビニルエステル類とを共重合させることにより得られる。カルボキシル基含有アクリル酸系重合体は、例えば、単量体(カルボキシル基またはその塩)に由来する構成単位が0.2〜30重量%含まれていると好ましく、1〜20重量%含まれているとより好ましい。カルボキシル基含有アクリル酸系重合体の酸価は、2〜200mg・KOH/gであると好ましく、10〜100mg・KOH/gであるとより好ましい。
アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂は、主鎖のエポキシ樹脂にアクリル系ビニル共重合体を導入し、このビニル共重合体にカルボキシル基が結合しているものである。
本発明の水性組成物が、塗料またはコーティング剤などである場合、水性組成物は架橋硬化剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。架橋硬化剤としては、例えば、アミノ樹脂およびポリイソシアネート化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が挙げられる。塗料またはコーティング剤に含まれる水性樹脂が、水酸基、活性水素を有するカルボシル基およびアミノ基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の官能基を有している場合、これらの官能基が上記架橋剤と反応することにより、水性樹脂が硬化する。
実施例1の光輝性顔料は、図2に示した例のように、鱗片状のガラス基材が、銀含有被膜、黄変抑制被膜、保護被膜、およびカップリング処理層によってこの順で被覆された構造をしている。銀含有被膜は銀からなる。実施例1の光輝性顔料は下記のようにして作製した。
まず、銀被膜が形成された鱗片状ガラスとして、日本板硝子製のMC2025PSを準備した。これは、鱗片状ガラス基材(平均粒径25μm、平均厚1.3μm)上に無電解めっき法により厚みが20nm〜60nmの銀被膜が形成された構造をしている。
酸化剤として機能するタングステンの水酸化物、タングステンの酸化物水和物およびタングステンの酸化物水和物の金属塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種と、リン酸化合物とを含む黄変抑制被膜を下記のようにして形成した。
テトラエトキシシラン45mL、イソプロピルアルコール1500mL、および純水180mLを混合して、保護被膜形成用溶液を得た。この保護被膜形成用溶液に、銀被膜と黄変抑制被膜により被覆された鱗片状ガラス基材100gを添加し、これらを撹拌機で撹拌混合した。その後、保護被膜形成用溶液に、水酸化アンモニウム溶液(濃度25%)を42mL添加し、これらを、2〜3時間撹拌混合することにより、脱水縮合反応をさせた。このようにして、黄変抑制被膜上にシリカを均一に析出させて、シリカからなる保護被膜を形成した。続いて、保護被膜等により被覆された鱗片状ガラスを濾過して溶液から取り出し、次いで、数回水洗した後、180℃で乾燥を行い、最後に550℃で2時間焼成した。保護被膜の厚みは、100nmであった。
続いて、下記のようにして、有機シランを用いてカップリング処理層を形成した。純水1000mLに酢酸を添加してpH3.5に調整した後、3−メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン3gを添加して、15分間撹拌した。得られた調整液に、銀被膜、黄変抑制被膜および保護被膜によって被覆された鱗片状ガラス基材を添加して、これらを30分撹拌した。続いて、調整液から保護被膜等により被覆された鱗片状ガラスを濾過により取り出した後、120℃で乾燥して、保護被膜上にカップリング処理層が形成された、実施例1の光輝性顔料を得た。カップリング処理層は、保護被膜表面に有機シランが吸着して形成された、単分子層であると考えられる。
実施例2の光輝性顔料は、シリカ保護被膜を備えていないこと以外は実施例1の光輝性顔料と同様の構成をしており、その製造方法も、実施例1の光輝性顔料のそれと同じである。
実施例3の光輝性顔料は、黄変抑制被膜に含まれる材料が異なること以外は実施例1の光輝性顔料と同様の構成をしている。
実施例4の光輝性顔料は、黄変抑制被膜にリン酸化合物が含まれないこと以外は実施例3の光輝性顔料と同様の構成をしている。
実施例5の光輝性顔料は、黄変抑制被膜に含まれる材料が異なること以外は実施例1の光輝性顔料と同様の構成をしている。
実施例6の光輝性顔料は、黄変抑制被膜に含まれる材料が異なること以外は実施例1の光輝性顔料と同様の構成をしている。
比較例1の光輝性顔料として、メタシャイン(登録商標)PSシリーズME2025PS(日本板硝子(株)製)を用意した。ME2025PSは、鱗片状ガラス(平均粒径25μm、平均厚1.3μm)が銀被膜(厚みが20nm〜60nm)によって被覆された構造をしている。
黄変抑制被膜を形成しないこと以外は実施例1の光輝性顔料の場合と同様にして比較例2の光輝性顔料を形成した。
反応容器にブチルセルソルブ70部を入れ、さらにスチレンモノマー40部、メチルメタクリレートモノマー60部、メタクリル酸モノマー25部、ヒドロキシメチルメタクリレートモノマー45部、ブチルアクリレートモノマー120部、ラウリルメルカプタン3部、アゾビスイソブチルロニトリル3部を入れて、これらを撹拌しながら、120℃で反応させた後、1時間撹拌を継続した。
上記水性アクリル樹脂200部に、実施例1〜6、比較例1〜2の光輝性顔料光輝性顔料30部と、架橋剤としてヘキサメトキシメチロールメラミン40部とを混合し撹拌した。得られた混合物の粘度を純水にて調整して、水性メタリック塗料を得た。
反応容器に、メチルメタクリレートモノマー12部、メタクリル酸モノマー5部、ヒドロキシメチルメタクリレートモノマー15部、ブチルアクリレートモノマー60部、ラウリルメルカプタン3部を入れ、これらを攪拌しながら、120℃で反応させた後、1時間攪拌を継続した。
リン酸亜鉛化成処理、カチオン電着塗装、および中塗り塗装がこの順で行なわれた鋼板に、上述の水性メタリック塗料をエアースプレーで、乾燥後の厚みが20μmとなるように塗布し、その後、塗膜を10分間80℃で乾燥した。次いで、水性クリアー塗料をエアースプレーで、乾燥後の厚みが30μmとなるように塗布し、塗膜を10分間放置した。こうして得られた塗装板に対して、乾燥機で150℃30分間焼付けをして、試験塗装板を作製した。
スーパーキセノンウェーザーメーター(スガ試験機(株)製SX75)にて、実施例1〜6、比較例1〜2の光輝性顔料を含む水性メタリック塗料および水性クリアー塗料が塗布された試験塗装板について、促進耐候性試験を行った。試験条件は下記に記載の通りとした。
試験時間:1200時間
光源:水冷式キセノン
フィルター:石英+#295
放射波長:300〜400nm
照度:180(W/m2)
ブラックパネル温度:63(℃)
湿度:50±5(%RH)
照射方法:連続
純水スプレー:120分中18分間
試料枠回転数:1/30回転/秒(2rpm)
図3に示すように、塗膜5の表面に対して45°の角度で光を入射可能とする位置に観察光源6を配置した。観察光源6にはD65光源を用いた。観察光源6から光を出射してディテクター7により反射光の色調を測定した。
ΔC*={(Δa*)2+(Δb*)2}1/2
ΔE*={(ΔL*)2+(Δa*)2+(Δb*)2}1/2
Claims (17)
- 鱗片状の無機基材と
前記無機基材を覆い、銀または銀合金を含む銀含有被膜と、
前記無機基材を前記銀含有被膜の外側から覆い、酸化剤として機能する金属化合物を含む黄変抑制被膜と、を含み、
前記金属化合物が、金属の水酸化物、金属の酸化物水和物、および金属の酸化物水和物の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、前記金属が、タングステン、モリブデン、ビスマス、バナジウムおよびセリウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする光輝性顔料。 - 前記黄変抑制被膜は、リン酸化合物をさらに含む請求項1に記載の光輝性顔料。
- 前記無機基材を前記黄変抑制被膜の外側から覆い、リン酸化合物を含むリン酸化合物含有被膜をさらに備えた請求項1に記載の光輝性顔料。
- 前記無機基材を前記黄変抑制被膜の外側から覆い、シリカを含む保護被膜をさらに含む請求項1に記載の光輝性顔料。
- 前記保護被膜は、前記光輝性顔料の最外層である請求項4に記載の光輝性顔料。
- 前記無機基材を前記黄変抑制被膜の外側から覆い、官能基を有する有機化合物を含んだカップリング処理層をさらに含み、
前記官能基は、メタクリロキシ基、エポキシ基、アミノ基、アルコキシル基、ビニル基、およびイソシアネート基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載の光輝性顔料。 - 前記有機化合物は、カップリング剤である請求項6に記載の光輝性顔料。
- 前記無機基材は、ガラス、雲母、マイカ、シリカおよびアルミナからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む請求項1に記載の光輝性顔料。
- 鱗片状の無機基材の表面を、銀または銀合金を含む銀含有被膜で被覆する工程と、
前記無機基材を前記銀含有被膜の外側から覆い、酸化剤として機能する金属化合物を含む黄変抑制被膜を形成する工程とを含み、
前記金属化合物が、金属の水酸化物、金属の酸化物水和物、および金属の酸化物水和物の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、前記金属が、タングステン、モリブデン、ビスマス、バナジウムおよびセリウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、光輝性顔料の製造方法。 - 前記黄変抑制被膜は、タングステンの塩、モリブデンの塩、ビスマスの塩、バナジウムの塩、セリウムの塩、タングステンの酸、モリブデンの酸、ビスマスの酸、バナジウムの酸、およびセリウムの酸からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む溶液と、前記銀含有被膜で被覆された前記無機基材とを混合した後、前記溶液から濾過された前記銀含有被膜で被覆された前記無機基材を水洗し、次いで、乾燥させることにより形成する請求項9に記載の光輝性顔料の製造方法。
- 前記溶液に、リン酸化合物をさらに添加して、リン酸化合物を含む前記黄変抑制被膜を形成する請求項10に記載の光輝性顔料の製造方法。
- 前記無機基材を前記黄変抑制被膜の外側から覆い、リン酸化合物を含む、リン酸化合物含有被膜を形成する工程をさらに含む請求項9に記載の光輝性顔料の製造方法。
- 前記無機基材を前記黄変抑制被膜の外側から覆い、シリカを含む保護被膜を形成する工程をさらに含む請求項9に記載の光輝性顔料の製造方法。
- 前記無機基材を前記黄変抑制被膜の外側から覆い、官能基を有する有機化合物を含んだカップリング処理層を形成する工程をさらに含み、
前記有機化合物の前記官能基は、メタクリロキシ基、エポキシ基、アミノ基、アルコキシル基、ビニル基、およびイソシアネート基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項9に記載の光輝性顔料の製造方法。 - 前記有機化合物は、カップリング剤である請求項14に記載の光輝性顔料の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の光輝性顔料と、水性樹脂と、アルコール系溶媒とを含むことを特徴とする水性樹脂組成物。
- 前記水性樹脂組成物は、塗料、インク、コーティング剤、接着剤、または化粧料である請求項16に記載の水性樹脂組成物。
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- 2007-04-23 WO PCT/JP2007/058771 patent/WO2007123231A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2007-04-23 US US12/226,507 patent/US9045643B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2022829A4 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
JPWO2007123231A1 (ja) | 2009-09-10 |
US20100137488A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
EP2022829B1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
KR20080109879A (ko) | 2008-12-17 |
CN101426861A (zh) | 2009-05-06 |
WO2007123231A1 (ja) | 2007-11-01 |
EP2022829A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
US9045643B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 |
CN101426861B (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
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