3rd year course Right Start

Third Year

Foundation Course

‫كورس تأسيىس‬

By: Mr. Gerges Farid

1
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
How to form a sentence ‫كيف تكون جملة‬
Subject ( sub.) Verb ( v.) Complement
‫فاعل‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫تكملة‬
Subject= noun (n.) ‫ االسم‬Ali –my uncle- a teacher - a car – a dog ……
pronoun (pro.) I-You-we –they-he-she-it
= ‫ اسماء االشارة‬This – that – these – those
= there – here ………
= many words Ali and Heba / my new car…..
‫ر‬
Verb+ ‫اواكثعىل حسب الزمن‬ ‫وقد يتكون من فعل‬
Play – is playing – has played – has been playing
Complement ‫ التكملة‬- object ‫ مفعول به‬/ adj ‫ صفة‬/ adv. ‫ظرف‬-‫حال‬

(Noun) ‫ االسم‬: ‫اوال‬

‫عادة ما ٍكٌن االسه منتوُ بأحد املكاطع التالَة اليت متَزي عن الفعل ًالصفة‬
:‫ًالظسف‬
( tion , ness , ment , ure , dom , ism , ance ,ence ,ity , age , sion , ship,
ian , cy , hood , logy , er , or ,(verb + ty))
:-‫َمه األمثهت ػهّ رنك‬
(education , sadness , development , adventure , freedom , realism ,
importance , difference , necessity , ……………)

:-ُ‫( ًٍكٌن تسكَب اجلنلة كالتال‬subject )‫ يف بداٍة اجلنلة كفاعل للجنلة‬-1

e.g. Education plays a great role in the society.

Ex. …………….. is very harmful to the environment

a- pollute b- polluted c- pollution d- pollutes

:- ُ‫( ًٍكٌن تسكَب اجلنلة كالتال‬object )‫ بعد الفعل كنفعٌل بى للجنلة‬-2

e.g. Education needs improvement.
Ex. Smoke of cars causes …………….
a- pollute b- polluted c- pollution d- pollutes

:-‫ ( ًحمددات الكنَة هُ التالَة‬quantifiers ) ‫بعد حمددات الكنَة‬-3

(a few, few, a little, little, some, any , all, many, much, a lot of, plenty
of, no, several).
(quantifier + noun)
e.g. There are many organizations in this country.
The government has conducted a lot of improvements
Ex. The president made a lot of ………… last week
a- decide b- decisions c- deciding d- decided
2
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
:- ‫ ( ًأمساء اإلشازة هُ التالَة‬demonstratives ) ‫بعد أمساء اإلشازة‬-4
( This ‫ هرا‬, That ‫ ذلك‬, These ‫ هؤالء‬, Those ‫)أًلئك‬
e.g. This government is very developed.
:-‫ ( ٍأتُ اسه ًمن االمثلى على الصفة‬adjective ) ‫بعد الصفة‬-5
(Adjective + noun)
e.g. They have made a dangerous decision .

Ex. I watched a nice …………….. about mobile phones

a- advertise b- advertisement c- advertising d- advrtised

:- ُ‫ ًأحسف اجلس ه‬-‫ (ٍأتُ اسه‬prepositions ) ‫بعد أحسف اجلس‬-6

(for, from, at , in, on, of, with, under, before, after, through, over ,
without)
(Prepositions + noun)
e.g. Many countries suffer from pollution .
ُ‫ ( ٍأتُ اسه ًأدًات التعسٍف ًالنكسة ه‬Articles ) ‫ بعد أدًات التعسٍف ًالنكسة‬-7
:-‫التالَة‬
( a , an , the )
e.g. The advertisement was great .
:- ‫( ٍأتُ اسه ًصفات امللكَة هُ التالَة‬possessive adjectives )‫بعد صفات امللكَة‬-8
(my, our, your, his, her, its, their, your)
e.g. My government will help me .
Ex. The teacher found that his ……….in English was very amazing
a- improve b- improved c- improvement d- improving

:- ‫ (ٍأتُ اسه‬numbers ) ‫بعد األزقاو‬-9

e.g. There are twenty girls in the class.
:‫ ( امللكَة ٍأتُ اسه‬s','s) ‫بعد‬-10
e.g. The teacher corrects Laila's dictation .
e.g. My parents' corporation will start working next week.
(Verb)‫ الفعل‬: ‫ثانيا‬-
. (clean, study, eat, play )‫ مباشسة‬/ ‫أفعال عادٍة‬
(ise , ize, ify, ate ).‫أفعال تنتوى ب‬
( Organize , beautify , communicate ,advertise)
‫بعد الفاعل‬-1
1- After the subject
( I, he, she , it, we, you, they,)‫انفاػم انضميش‬
e.g. – I participated in the match yesterday.

3
Mr. Gerges Farid
 3rd year course Right Start
‫( املصدزٍة‬to )‫بعد‬- 2
2- After (to ) + infinitive verb
( so as to \ in order to\ to )
e.g- poor health forced king Talal to Abdicate .
‫بعد االفعال الناقصة‬-3
3- After the modals verbs ( modals)
(will ,can ,could , must ,may, might , would , should , shall, have to, has
to,………etc .)
e.g. -The police will investigate the accident .
4- After the verb to do
(don't, doesn't, didn't)
e.g-She didn’t arrive early.
5- imperative sentences. ‫انجمم األمشيت‬
e.g. – clean the room.
e.g. – don’t go.

The Present Simple Tense

‫صمه انمضاسع انبسيط‬
I , You , We , they , ‫ جمغ‬+inf ‫انمصذس‬
He, she , it '‫ انمفشد‬v + s / es / ies
I watch TV. Soha cleans the house Samy watches TV.
es ً‫( تصىيف ن‬ss – o – sh – ch –x )‫إرا اوتٍّ انفؼم بـ‬
Watch → watches cross → crosses
ies ‫ اىل‬y ‫ شاكَ ( وش وتحرك ) حنٕه الـ‬y‫ ٔكاُ احلرف المى قبن‬y ‫إذا اٌتّى الفعن وٍتّى ب‬
s ‫ وتحرك فاٌٍا ٌطع فكط‬y ‫لكَ لٕ كاُ احلرف المى قبن اه‬
Study → studies Play → plays
-: ً‫يستخذو ٌزا انضمه فّ َجُد احذِ انحاالث انتاني‬
‫ احلكائل أى احلكائل العىمْٗ ٔالطبٗعْٗ الجابتْ التى الٖصتطٗع االٌصاُ التدخن‬facts (1)
) ‫فّٗا ( كن وا ٖتعمل بالكُٕ أٔ الكىٗاء أٔ الفريٖاء أٔ احلٗاء‬
The sun rises in the cast (rise ‫( فّ وٍايت انفؼم‬s ‫َضؼىا‬
) ًٕٖ ‫ العادات أى كن عادة أٔ فعن ٖتكرر لفرتٓ وا أٔ كن فرتٓ وا ( كن‬Habits (2)
.......... )‫(كن اشبٕع) (كن شّر‬
I visit my grandmother every day.
Soha cleans her room daily ‫يُميا ًا‬
I go to the cinema once amonth .

‫ الجٕابت الجٕابت املكصٕد بّا االشٗاء الجابتْ احلدٔث أ االشٗاء الغري وتغرية اىل‬Statics (3)
‫حداً وا وجن وكاُ الصكَ أ اشتخداً االشٗاء‬
I live in Alex

4
Mr. Gerges Farid
 3rd year course Right Start
Samy has two children
We use petrol to run cars
ْ‫ جدٔه املٕاعٗد – املٕاعٗد الجابت‬Time table (4)
–‫ الرباوج‬- ‫عٍدوا ٌتحدث عَ وٕاعٗد االشٗاء الجابتْ ٔلٗض االشخاص وٕاعٗد ٔشائن املٕاصالت‬
‫االفالً – املصمصالت – االوتحاٌات‬
The film starts at 7.30 a.m
My plane leaves at two a'clock
َ‫ كمىات السو‬Key words (5)
Usually ‫ ػادة‬- always ‫ – دااما ًا‬some times ‫حياوا ًا‬
Often ‫ انبا ًا‬- rarely ‫ –وادسا ًا‬regularly ‫بإوتظاو‬
Seldom ‫وادسا ًا‬- every ‫كم‬- occasionally ‫مه حيه الخش‬
I usually get up early ‫ ياتّ بؼذ انفاػم‬every‫كم ما سبق ما ػذا‬
Samia always arrives late
ً‫ْ انجمه‬
‫ تأتّ فّ اَل اَ وٍا ي‬Every
I visit my uncle every Friday .
( are – is – am )ِ‫ ا‬V.tobe ٌُ ‫نُ كان انفؼم انمستخذو‬
‫ياتّ ٌزا انفؼم قبم ٌزي انكهماث‬
Ali is always late
Samy and Hani are usually ill .
Negative ّ‫فّ حانً انىف‬
(He , she , it ,‫ ) انمفشد‬doesn't + inf
( I , you , We , they , ‫ ) جمغ‬don't + inf
I don't like tea
Heba doesn't eat rice
doesn't / don't َ‫ بدال و‬never ً‫ميكَ اُ ٌصتخد‬
ً‫ٍِٔا عٍد اشتخداوّا ٌصتخد‬s‫وع الفعن بعدِا إذا كاُ الفاعن وفرد‬
Heba doesn't cook the food
Heba never cooks the food

The Exercises
1. I ………… to the gym every week.
a- go B- am going C- goes d- going
2- He often..........................at the office until late in the evening .
a) stays b) is staying c) will stay d) was staying
3- We..........................the house at 6.00 every morning .
a) are leaving b) will leave c) leave d) have left
4. Scientists ………. to find more sources of renewable energy .
a. want b. wants c. are wanted d. are wanting
5. Heba always …. her computer when she has finished using it .
a. switch off b. switches off c. switched off d. is switched off
6- What time …….. you usually leave school ?
a- did b- do c- are d- will
5
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
7. My brother …… some exercises every morning.
a. often does b. has often done c. is often doing d. Is done
8- The sun ……..…. in the east.
A- rise b- is rising c- rises d- rose
9. The sound of thunder nearly always follows the lightning
although they …………. together.
a. are happening b. are happened c. have happened d. happen
10. If you don’t ……. your house plants everyday, they die.
a. water b. watered c. waters d. watering
11- The Earth ………….. round the sun.
a- moves b- is moving c- moved d- has moved
12. A: Do you want to come with us for dinner?
B: I’m sorry but my drama class …………….. at nine and doesn't finish
till eleven.
a- starting b- starts c- is starting d- start
13. I'd hate to live in London because it _ all the time.
a- raining b- rain c- is raining d- rains
14- Which sentence is structurally correct?
a- The teacher explain one rule every week.
b- The teacher explaining one rule every week.
c- The teacher explains one rule every week.
d- The teacher is explaining one rule every week.
15- Which one is grammatically incorrect.
a- Samia travels to Cairo monthly.
b- Huda is travelling to Cairo monthly.
c- They travel to Cairo monthly.
d- We travel to Cairo monthly.
16- Which sentence is structurally correct?
a- Tamer never studys at night.
b- Tamer never study at night.
c- Tamer never studies at night.
d- Tamer never studying at night.

6
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start

Translation 1
subject‫ ٌبدأ اى مجمة اجنمٗسى بالفاعن‬- 1
The government built many schools ‫شيدت احلكومة عدة مدارس‬
‫ حتأه وصر اُ تطٕر التعمٗي‬- 1
a- Tries Egypt to develop education.
b- Egypt tries to develop education.
c- Egypt try to develop education.
d- Try Egypt to develop education.

) ‫ ٌطع الصفة قبن املٕصٕف( ٔ دٓ عكض ترتٗب العربى‬- 2

a beautiful girl ‫بنت مجيلة‬ a new car ‫سيارة جديدة‬
‫تنتج املصانع املصرية الكثري من املنتجات الرائعة‬
The Egyptian factories produce a lot of fine / nice products

) s-es-ies‫ الصفة فى المغة االجنمٗسٖة ال جتىع ( ال ٌطع هلا‬- 3

‫ قبن الصفة اذا جاء بعدِا اشي وفرد ٔ ال ٌطع شىء‬a – an ‫ ٌطع‬- 4
‫اذا جاء بعدِا مجع أ ال ٖعد‬
new books ‫كتب جدٖدة‬ a new book ‫كتاب جدٖد‬
interesting films ‫افالً ممتعة‬ an interesting film ‫فٗمي ممتع‬

‫ تمعب املرأة املصرٖة دٔرا ِاوا فى بٍاء اجملتىع‬- 2

a- Plays the Egyptian woman a role important in building the society.

b- The Egyptian woman plays a role important in building the society.
c- The Egyptian woman plays important role in building the society.
d- The Egyptian woman plays an important role in building the society.

‫ اذا بدأت اجلىمة ب ( اُ ) لمتٕكٗد فال ترتجي‬-5

Education is the source of progress ‫ان التعليم هو مصدر التقدم‬

‫ اُ التدخني ضار جدا بالصحة‬- 3

a- That smoking is very harmful to health.
b- To smok is very harmful to health
c- To smoking is very harmful to health
d- smoking is very harmful to health

7
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
ْٗ‫ ٍِاك طرٖكتاُ لرتمجة املطاف ٔ املطاف ال‬-6
) ‫ ٌطع املطاف الْٗ قبن املطاف ٖعٍى عكض ترتٗب العربى ( ذى الصفات‬-‫أٔال‬
The pollution problem is very dangerous‫ ان مشكلة التلوث خطرية جدا‬-
‫ فى الٕشط وا بٍّٗي‬of ‫ثاٌٗا – ٌرتمجّا بٍفض ترتٗب العربى لكَ ٍِطع‬
The problem of pollution is very dangerous‫ ان مشكلة التلوث خطرية جدا‬-

‫ قبمّي فى احلالتني الٌّي وعرف باالضافة‬the ‫لكَ الزً ٌاخد بالٍا اٌٍا حطٍٗا‬
‫' املمكٗي وع االشي العاقن‬s ‫ٔ كىاُ اذا كاُ املطاف الْٗ عاقن فاٌٍا ٌطع‬
Hani's book / The book of Hani ‫كتاب هانى‬

‫ وشكمة االرِاب هلا تأثري شىء عمى كن دٔه العامل‬- 4

a- The problem terrorism has a bad effect on all the world countries.
b- The problem of terrorism has an effect bad on all the world countries.
c- The problem of terrorism has a bad effect on all the countries world.
d- The problem of terrorism has a bad effect on all the world countries.
‫ زٖادة الصادرات ٖرفع وَ دخمٍا الكٕوى‬- 5
a- The Increase exports raise our national income.
b- The Increase of exports raises our income national.
c- The Increase of exports raise our national income.
d- The Increase of exports raises our national income.

Comprehension 1
The history of paper
In Ancient Egypt, a type of tall grass called papyrus, which grew in the Nile
valley, was used for writing and drawing on. Before it could be used, the leaves of
the grass were soaked in water, pressed together and then dried in the sun.
The first paper was made by the Chinese two thousand years ago. In the eighth
century, Arab travellers who traded with China learned how to make it, too. At
first, paper was very expensive because it was made from cotton, but later it was
produced from wood and so became much cheaper.
To make paper from wood, logs are broken into small pieces which are then
mixed with chemicals and bleached. Water is removed from the mixture, which
then passes through hot rollers to produce continuous pieces of dry paper.
Every year, millions of trees are cut down to make new paper. Fortunately, the
type of tree that gives us the best wood for making paper grows very quickly, but
old paper can also be recycled. Most of today's newspapers and magazines are
made from recycled paper.
For hundreds of years, we have also used an enormous amount of paper to
produce books, especially very large books like encyclopedias. Now, you can read
encyclopedias and other books on e-books. You can also read books online, on
websites such as the Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).

8
8
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
Some people think that soon everybody will have a computer or a phone and
we will get all our information from the internet. They believe that we won't need
libraries and that paper books will become part of history.

1- Before people could write on papyrus, they had to soak it in

…………., press it and dry it in the sun
a- oil b- water c- juice d- roller
2- In the eighth century, Arab travellers learned how to make …
a- paper b- newspaper c- papyrus d- cotton
3- Early paper was very expensive because it was made from …..
a- wood b- metal c- iron d- cotton
4- After people bleach the wood, its colour will be ……..
a- pink b- black c- white d- dark
5- As well as making new paper from trees, we can …. old paper.
a- recycle b- cycle c- remove d- make
6- Who first invented paper?
a- The Chinese b- The Arab c- The Americans d- The French
7- The underlined word ( together ) refers to
a- leaves and water b- leaves c- grass d- leaves and grass
8- The nearest antonym of the word ( enormous ) is ……….
a- huge b- young c- small d- big

9
Mr. Gerges Farid
 3rd year course Right Start
The adjective ‫الصفة‬
We use an adjective to describe( tells us about) a noun.
‫تطتخدً الصفة لٕصف االضي‬
‫ٍِاك ٌٕعاُ وَ الصفات‬
good – bad – tall – fat – dangerous …. ‫ الصفات العادٖة‬: ‫أال‬
‫ الصفات املشتكة وَ الفعن أ االضي‬: ‫ثاٌٗا‬
:‫عادة وا تكُٕ الصفة وٍتّٗة بأحد املكاطع التالٗة اليت متٗصِا عَ االضي ٔ الفعن ٔالظسف‬
(Y , ful , less ,en ,able , ible , ive ,ous , ish ,al , ic , ate , ent ,ary, Ory ,ed ,
ant , ing )
:- ‫ٔوَ األوجمة عمى ذلك‬
( primary ,successful , careless , golden , considerable ,sensitive ,dangerous
, selfish , environmental , economic , compassionate )
Verb+ ing ‫ أ وصس الفعن أ الصفة‬/ ‫ الكائي بالفعن‬/ ‫تكُٕ صفة تعرب عَ اضي الفاعن‬
I watched an interesting film.) ‫ممتع ( وصدز املتعة‬
The lion is very frightening.) ‫خمٗف ( وصدز اخلٕف‬

Verb + ed ‫ٖكُٕ صفة بتعطى وعٍى املفعٕه بْ– أى الرى ٖكع عمْٗ الفعن‬
- I was interested yesterday while watching a film.‫مستمتع‬
- The young boy was very frightened when he saw the wild dog.
‫أواكَ اضتخداً الصفة فى اجلىمة‬
:-‫ ( الصفة دائىا تٕصف االضي ٔتأت٘ قبمْ ٔوجاه ذلك‬Noun ) -‫قبن االضي‬- :‫أال‬
Before the noun which is described by the adjective
- e.g. He will face a dangerous problem .
- e.g. We are going to watch an interesting film .
:‫و جند ٍِا عدة والحظات ِاوة‬
‫ قبن الصفة التى تصف اسي وفسد‬a-an ‫ ٌضع‬- 1
We use a-an before the adjective which describes a singular noun
a-an‫ اذا جاء بعد الصفة مجع او ال يعد حنرف‬- 2
- He will face dangerous problems.
- We have drunk delicious juice.
) ‫ قبن الصفة المى بعدِا اضي وفسد– مجع – ال ٖعد (لكَ وعسف‬the ً‫ ميكَ اضتخدا‬- 3
- Hani broke the new mobile which he bought last week.
- The delicious food he ate yesterday was made by my mother.
.‫ عٍد ٔصف اجلىع بن تبكى كىا ِى‬s-es-ies‫ الصفة الجتىع – ٖعٍى ال ٌضع فى ٌّاٖتّا‬- 4
- She is a good girl.
They are good girls.
:- ‫ (ِٔ٘ التالٗة‬v. to be ) ‫ بعد‬- :‫ثاٌٗا‬

( be, am , is ,are , was ,were , been, being, been )

10
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
- - It is wonderful .
- - They are important .
‫( جاءت أفعاه زئيشية يف اجلىمة أي اٌْ ال يوجد أي فعن آخس بعدِا ٍِا‬is, are) ُ‫يف ِريَ املجاهيٌَالحظ أ‬
: ْ‫ٌضع صف‬
:- ‫بعد بعض األفعاه‬-‫ثالجا‬

remain ‫ يبقى‬taste ‫ يعطى طعم‬feel ‫ يشعر‬look ‫يبدو‬

keep ‫ يبقى‬smell ‫ يعطى رائحة‬become ‫ يصبح‬seem ‫يبدو‬
stay ‫ميكث‬/‫ يبقى‬appear ‫ يظهر‬sound ‫يبدو‬
- e.g. My friend seems helpless .
- e.g. It tastes delicious .
‫ و تعطى وعٍى اجلىع بدوُ اُ ٌكتب بعدِا املوصوف‬the ‫ٍِاك بعض الصفات التى ميكَ اُ يضاف قبمّا‬
The rich ‫ األغٍياء‬The homeless ُ‫املشسدو‬
The poor ‫ الفكساء‬The unemployed ُ‫العاطمو‬
The strong ‫ االقوياء‬The living ‫االحياء‬
The weak ‫ الضغفاء‬The disabled ‫املعاقني‬
The dead ‫ املوتى‬The sick ‫املسضى‬
The rich should help the poor.

The present continuous

Form َٖٕ‫التك‬
Subject ‫ فاعن‬+ (am/is/are ) + v+ing
- Ali is watching TV. - They are playing football.
- I am revising my lessons

Negative ‫الٍفى‬
Subject ‫ فاعن‬+ (am/is/are )not + v+ing
Samia isn’t studying now.
We aren't eating at the moment.

Passive ‫املبٍى لمىجّٕه‬

Object ‫ املفعٕه‬+ (am/is/are) + being + PP.
My car is being washed now.
The questions are being answered at the moment by the students.
ً‫ لالفعاه التى حتدث االُ ٔقت الكال‬- 1
Now – today – tonight – at the moment – look – listen – still
Ali is watching TV. now
At the moment Soha is studying English.

11
Mr. Gerges Farid
 3rd year course Right Start
‫ أفعاه حتدث ِرٓ االٖاً فكط‬- 2
I am studying hard these days.
)‫ فعن حيدث االُ مل ٖكَ حيدث فى املاضى ( فعن وطتحدث‬- 3
Young people are using the mobiles a lot these days.
‫ لالفعاه التى مت الرتتٗب هلا لكى حتدث فى املطتكبن‬- 4
Ahmed booked the ticket. He is travelling to London next Sunday.
َٖ‫ لمتعبري عَ فعن حيدث كجريا ٔ ٖكُٕ وصعج أ وصدز قمل لالخس‬always‫ ٖطتخدً وع كمىة دائىا‬- 5
Ali is always asking a lot of questions and that makes me angry.
Why is Huda always playing loud music? That annoys me too much.
‫ لالفعاه املؤقتة اى التى حتدث لفرتة شوٍٗة قصرية أ وؤقتة‬- 6
I'm working in a restaurant during the summer holiday only.

Exercises
1. A: Where's Marina? B: She.........................a tennis match.
a) played b) is playing c) has played d) plays
2. My father.........................as an engineer. It is his permanent job.
a) works b) work c) is working d) had worked
3. Helana is busy at the moment. She.........................her hair.
a) wash b) washes c) is washing d) has washed
4. I like reading science fiction stories, but my brother........sport.
a) like b) are liking c) likes d) has liked
5. Look! How fast that lorry..........................
a) go b) went c) goes d) is going
6. The girls.........................tennis at the moment.
a) are play b) playing c) are played d) are playing
7. Stress‫التوتر‬.........................high blood pressure.
a) cause b) causes c) is causing d) has caused
8. Everything is arranged for my travel next Saturday. It means
I........next Saturday.
a) travel b) will travel c) am travelling d) was travelling
9. Yasser.......very naughty these days. I need to ask a doctor about
this behaviour.
a) is being b) is c) will be d) was
10. You haven't said a word all morning. What........ about?
a) you think b) do you think c) are you thinking d) you do think
11. You...computer games. You should do something more active.
a) always played b) are always play c) 're always playing d) always playing
12. If you............at that comic book, I'd like to see it.
a) don't look b) aren't looking c) looks d) doesn't look

12
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
Translation 2
‫ يُعترب ) فاٌٍا ٌرتمجّا‬/ ‫ اذا كاٌت اجلىمة تبدأ او حتتوى عمى ( يُعد‬-7
( is – are considered )( is – are regarded)
‫تعترب قٍاة الطٕٖظ وَ اِي وصادز الدخن الكٕوى ملصس‬
The Suez Canal is considered one of the most important sources of
national income
was/were‫ كاُ يعترب ) ٌشتخدً ٍِا‬/ ‫ اذا كاٌت حتتوى عمى ( كاُ يُعد‬-8
‫كاٌت املدزضة تُعد املصدز الٕحٗد لمتعمٗي فى املاضى‬
School was considered the only source of education in the past

ُ‫ تعترب وسائن التواصن االجتىاعى اِي وصدز لمىعمووات لمشباب اال‬- 1

a- Considered social media the most important source of information for
youth now.
b- Social media considered the most important source of information for
youth now.
c- Social media is considered the important source of information for
youth now.
d- Social media is considered the most important source of information
for youth now.
‫ كاُ التميفزيوُ يُعد اِي وصدز لمرتفيْ قدميا‬- 2
a- TV is regarded the most important source of entertainment in the past.
b- TV was regard the most important source of entertainment in the past.
c- TV was regarded the most important source of entertainment at
present.
d- TV was regarded the most important source of entertainment in the
past.

It is + adj + to + inf ‫ فعن‬+ ُ‫ ا‬+ ‫ صفة‬+ َ‫ و‬-9

It is important to organize your time ‫ وَ املّي اُ تٍظي ٔقتك‬-
‫ فعن‬+ ُ‫ ا‬+ ‫ فاعن‬+ ‫ عمى‬+ ‫ صفة‬+ َ‫ – و‬10
It is + adj + for + ‫ فاعن‬+ to + inf.
‫ وَ الصعب عمى احلكووة اُ حتن كن املشكالت فى ٌفص الوقت‬- 3
a- It is difficult for the government to solve all the problems at the same time.
b- It is difficult for the government to solve all the problems at the same time.
c- It is difficult for the government to solve all the problems at the same time.
d- It is difficult for the government to solve all the problems at the same time.

is َ‫ بدال و‬was ً‫ ب كاُ وَ فاٌٍا ٌشتخد‬10 ‫ او‬9 ‫ لو بدأت‬-11

‫كاُ وَ الضسٔزى عمى الدٔلة اُ تّتي اكجس بالطٗاحة‬
It was necessary for the state to interest more in tourism

13
Mr. Gerges Farid
 3rd year course Right Start
‫ كاُ وَ الصعب اُ تصن لكن اِدافك دوُ اُ تعىن جبد‬- 4
a- It was from difficult to reach all your goals without working hard.
b- From the difficult to reach all your goals without working hard.
c- It is difficult to reach all your goals without working hard.
d- It was difficult to reach all your goals without working hard.

Comprehension 2
Read the passage and answer the questions:
Gold is a rare metal with a lovely glowing colour. It is easy to be shaped, and it is not
affected by air or water. As gold is so soft, it can be beaten into very thin sheets and it
can also be drawn out into very fine wires. Gold is, therefore, an excellent material for
making beautiful objects such as jewellery. Moreover, the ancient Egyptians prized gold
so much that they believed that gold belonged only to their kings, so they buried many
precious in gold objects their pharaohs' tombs, and we can see many of them in the
museums today. The Egyptians were very clever goldsmiths as they could beat gold into
sheets
The gold which is used to make jewellery is usually mixed with other metals. This not
only makes the gold jewellery cheaper, but also harder. Because it was scarce and
therefore valuable, gold was formerly used as money. Many countries keep bars of gold
in banks. They can change this gold into money by selling it to other countries. About
two thirds of all the gold in the world is kept in this way. Gold is usually buried deep
underground. It can also be found in rivers and seas, but it would cost far more money
to be extracted than the gold is worth
A) Choose the correct answer:
1-Many countries keep bars of gold in banks so as to --------------.
a) keep it away from thieves b) change them into money
c) buy jewellery d) beat them
2-The word "prized" means ------------------.
a) rewarded b) handed c) valued d) sold
3- Gold is ( common – hard- scarcely – rare )
4-The gold is used to make ( baggage – vehicles – jewels –rigs )
5- The pharaohs ( buried – bullied – purified – disappeared ) gold in their
tombs
6-Gold can be beaten into sheets due to its ( rareness – beauty- shape-
softness)
7- the underlined word “this” refers to .....
a- gold b- selling gold c- buying gold d- money
8- ........ is not mentioned in this text
a) where we can find gold b)Gold is a hard metal
c) gold can be used as jewellery d) shaping gold

14
Mr. Gerges Farid
 3rd year course Right Start
( Adverb):‫احلاه‬
The adverb describes the verb and sometimes the adjective
‫احلال يصف الفعل او احيانا الصفة‬
The adverb: (Adj + ly = adv )
Quick-quickly dangerous – dangerously careful - carefully,

1-. After or before the verb to describe it .‫بعد او قبن الفعن ليصف الفعن‬
- The rain fell heavily yesterday.
- Sami quickly answered the test.
2- At the end of the sentence ‫فى نًاية اجلىمة‬
The teacher entered our class nervously.

3-. Before the P.P ( V3 ). )‫قبل الفعل يف احلالة الثالثة ( التصريف الثالث للفعل‬
PP ‫و ال‬ v.to be ‫ما بني‬
The house was completely damaged by the earthquake.
Hani is badly talking to his friend
4-. Before the adjective .‫قبل الصفة‬
e.g. This man is continuously nervous.
5-. Sometimes we use the adverb in the beginning of the sentence ; in
this case a comma ( , ) must follow the adverb.
‫يف بداية اجلىن و بعديا الفاصمة‬

Interestingly, Suddenly, Fortunately, Unfortunately , Actually, Luckily, Unluckily,

Surprisingly, undoubtedly, Personally ,Obviously……
e.g. Luckily, Samer was able to solve the mathematical problem .

Adverb‫مالحظات هامة خاصة باحلال‬

1- Good – well
Our teacher explained the lesson well
Everyday (adjective) every day ( adverb)
I eat the everyday meals on time
I eat 3 meals every day.
Indoor (adj.) ‫داخلى‬ outdoor (adj.) ‫خارجى‬
Football is an indoor game.
Indoors (adv.) ‫داخل املنزل‬ outdoors (adv.) ‫خارج املنزل‬
I like to eat lunch outdoors.
ly ‫ قبن اضافة اه‬i ‫ فانها حنوهلا اىل‬y ‫اذا كانت الصفة وهتًية ب‬
Happy – happily easy – easily

15
Mr. Gerges Farid
 ‫‪3rd year course‬‬ ‫‪Right Start‬‬
‫يهاك حاالت خاصة قد تكوى الصفة يى نفس احلاه بدوى اضافة ‪ly‬‬
‫‪Hard‬‬ ‫جاد‪/‬صعب‪/‬بجد‪/‬بصعوبة‬ ‫‪early‬‬ ‫مبكرا‪/‬بطريقة مبكرة‬
‫‪late‬‬ ‫متأخر‪/‬فى وقت متأخر‬ ‫‪daily‬‬ ‫يومى‪/‬يوميا‬
‫‪long‬‬ ‫طويل‪/‬لفترة طويلة‬ ‫‪weekly‬‬ ‫اسبوعى‪/‬اسبوعيا‬
‫‪low‬‬ ‫منخفض‪/‬بانخفاض‬ ‫‪monthly‬‬ ‫شهرى‪/‬شهريا‬
‫‪nearby‬‬ ‫مجاور‪/‬بقرب‬ ‫‪yearly‬‬ ‫سنوى‪/‬سنويا‬
‫‪Fast‬‬ ‫سريع‪/‬بسرعة‬ ‫‪high‬‬ ‫مرتفع‪/‬بارتفاع‬
‫مسلسل‪I watch the daily series‬‬
‫‪I watch the series daily‬‬
‫‪He had a lot of hard work.‬‬
‫‪He had worked hard.‬‬
‫الصفات املهًية ب‪ ly‬نستخدم وعًا‬
‫‪fatherly‬‬ ‫‪ brotherly‬أبوى‬ ‫‪ lonely‬أخوى‬ ‫وحيدا‬
‫‪lovely‬‬ ‫‪ friendly‬محبوب‪/‬رائع‬ ‫‪ unlikely‬ودود‪/‬طيب‬ ‫من غير المحتمل‬
‫‪motherly‬‬ ‫‪ likely‬تابع لالمومة‬ ‫من الحتمل‬
‫و هنا يتم تحويلها الى حال عن طريق القاعدة التالية‬
‫‪In a/an ……………… way/manner‬‬
‫‪- Our teacher is friendly.‬‬ ‫‪- He treats us in a friendly way.‬‬

‫‪Translation 3‬‬
‫‪ -12‬ال توجد ضىائس وتصمة فى المغة االجنميصية لرلك يتي حتويمّا اىل ضىائس وٍفصمة‬
‫اوال ‪ :‬اذا كاُ ضىري وتصن ب فعن فى اوه اجلىمة فيكوُ ِرا ضىري فاعن‬
‫‪I – He – She – it – You – We – They‬‬
‫ذهبنا اىل النادى امس ‪We went to the club Yesterday‬‬
‫ثاٌيا ‪ :‬اذا كاُ الضىري وتصن باضي ) ‪ ( n‬فّرا ضىري ومكية‬
‫‪My – your – his – her – its – our – their‬‬
‫حيتاج جمتمعنا اىل املزيد من التعاون ‪Our society needs more cooperation‬‬
‫ثالجا ‪ :‬اذا كاُ الضىري وتصن بفعن لكَ فى وضط أو آخس اجلىمة يكوُ ضىري وفعوه‬
‫بْ‬
‫‪Me- you – it – him – her – us – them‬‬
‫ان تعلم اللغات يساعدنا عل التواصل مع االخرين فى كل احناء العامل‬
‫‪Learning languages helps us communicate with the others all over the‬‬
‫‪world.‬‬

‫‪ - 1‬فعمٍا أفضن وا لديٍا لكى حنقق كن اِدافٍا‬

‫‪a-‬‬ ‫‪Did we our best to achieve all our goals.‬‬
‫‪b-‬‬ ‫‪We did our best to achieve all goals.‬‬
‫‪c-‬‬ ‫‪We did the best to achieve all our goals.‬‬
‫‪d-‬‬ ‫‪We did our best to achieve all our goals.‬‬

‫‪16‬‬
‫‪Mr. Gerges Farid‬‬
3rd year course Right Start
‫ جيب اُ تٍظي وقتك و تبره قصازى جّدك فى عىمك‬- 2
a- Should manage your time and do your best in your work.
b- You should manage you time and do your best in your work.
c- You should manage your time and do the best in your work.
d- You should manage your time and do your best in your work.

ْ‫ ال توجد ضىائس وطترتة فى المغة االجنميصية الشً ٌطتٍتج الفاعن و ٌكتب‬-13

‫باالجنميصى‬
‫جيب اى نعىن جبد لكى نرفع وو وستوى وعيشاتها‬
- We should work hard to raise our standard of living

‫ ٌفدس اُ حمىد صالح ِو العب وصسى‬- 3

a- Proud that Mohammed Salah is an Egyptian player.
b- We proud that Mohammed Salah is an Egyptian player.
c- We are proud that Mohammed Salah is an Egypt player.
d- We are proud that Mohammed Salah is an Egyptian player.

the presentً‫ فعن واضى ) ٌطتددً شوَ املضازع التا‬+ ‫ لقد‬/ ‫ اذا بدأت اجلىمة ب ( قد‬-14
perfect ( have / has + P.P. )
‫ قد ساعدت التكهولوجيا احلديثة عمى زيادة سرعة التواصن‬-

Modern Technology has helped increase the speed of communication

may + inf.ً‫ فعن وضازع ) ٌطتدد‬+ ‫ لقد‬/ ‫ اذا بدأت اجلىمة ب ( قد‬-15
‫ قد يهجح الشر لفرتة وا لكهٌ لو يهجح دائىا‬-
Evil may succeed for a while / period but it won't always succeed

‫ قد تطوزت وضائن التواصن االجتىاعى كجريا وؤخسا‬- 4

a- Have Social media developed a lot recently.
b- Social media has developed a lot recently.
c- Social media may develop a lot recently.
d- Social media have developed a lot recently.
‫ قد يؤثس اضتدداً االٌرتٌيت كجريا عمى الشباب فيىا بعد‬- 5
a- Using the internet has affected the youth a lot later.
b- Using the internet may effect the youth a lot later.
c- Using the internet may affected the youth a lot later.
d- Using the internet may affect the youth a lot later.

17
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start

Comprehension 3
Once upon a time, there was a boy who became bored when he watched
over his village sheep grazing on the hillside. To entertain himself, he
shouted, "Wolf! Wolf! The wolf is chasing the sheep! "When the villagers
heard the cry, they came running up the hill to drive the wolf away. But,
when they arrived, they saw no wolf.
The boy was amused when he saw their angry faces. "Don't scream wolf,
boy," warned the villagers, "when there is no wolf!" They angrily went back
down the hill. Later, the little sheep herder cried out once again, "Wolf! Wolf!
The wolf is chasing the sheep!" To his amusement, he looked on as the
villagers came running up the hill to scare the wolf away. As they saw there
was no wolf, they said strictly, "Save your frightened cry for when there is a
real wolf! Don't cry 'wolf when there is no wolf!" But the boy grinned at their
words while they walked grumbling down the hill once more.
After a while, the boy saw a real wolf sneaking around his flock. Alarmed,
he jumped on his feet and cried out as loud as he could, "Wolf! Wolf!" But
the villagers thought he was fooling them again, and so they didn't come to
help. At sunset, the villagers went looking for the boy who hadn't returned
with their sheep. When they went up the hill, they found him weeping.
"There really was a wolf here! The flock is gone! I cried out, "Wolf!" but you
didn't come, "he wailed.

1-The moral lesson of the story is that…………..

a- you can build bridges with people with your lies.
b- people never believe a liar for a while but trust them forever.
c- you may deceive all people all the time.
d- people never trust liars even if they're telling the truth.

2-Eventually, the lies of the boy led to…………

a-watching the sheep over the hill.
b-keeping the sheep away from the wolf.
c-breaking trust with the villagers.
d-being amused and entertained.

3-The villagers might have saved the sheep if …….

a-the boy had been truthful
b-the boy had been a liar.
c-they had remembered the boy's lies
d-they had neglected the boy's cries.

4-According to the incidents of the story, the boy was …………

a-a stranger from another village.
b-A member of the same village.
c-a foolish boy wanting to hunt wolves.
d-an ordinary boy hiking in the hills.
18
Mr. Gerges Farid
3rd year course Right Start
5-The boy was in a critical situation when ……….
a-he called for help for the first time..
b-the villagers believed the boy time after time.
c-the villagers rushed to help but found no wolf.
d-he couldn't protect the sheep from the wolf.

6- The sentence that can summarize the story is ".."

a-The little boy lost his sheep due to his lies.
b-The villagers used to believe the liar.
c-The sheep were eaten by a fake wolf.
d-The liar was teaching the villagers a lesson.

7-The boy was really a little …………

a-chaser
b-Shepherd
c-killer
d-hunter
8-The suitable title of the story is "..... "
a-The boy who chased the sheep.
b-The villagers who killed a wolf.
c-The boy who cried wolf!
d-The boy who cried wolf!

19
Mr. Gerges Farid