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A1 Lesson3

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
29 views8 pages

A1 Lesson3

Uploaded by

d8rktq2mkp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A1 English Lesson 3 (English - Arabic)

Numbers / ‫األرقام‬
This section introduces basic numbers. / ‫هذا القسم يقدم األرقام األساسية‬.

NUMBERS

Numbe English Arabic


r

10 Ten ‫عشرة‬

11 Eleven ‫أحد‬
‫عشر‬

12 Twelve ‫اثنا عشر‬

13 Thirteen ‫ثالثة‬
‫عشر‬

14 Fourteen ‫أربعة‬
‫عشر‬

15 Fifteen ‫خمسة‬
‫عشر‬

16 Sixteen ‫ستة‬
‫عشر‬

17 Seventeen ‫سبعة‬
‫عشر‬

18 Eighteen ‫ثمانية‬
‫عشر‬

19 Nineteen ‫تسعة‬
‫عشر‬

20 Twenty ‫عشرون‬

Numbe English Arabic


r

20 Twenty ‫عشرون‬
21 Twenty-one ‫واحد‬
‫وعشرون‬

22 Twenty-two ‫اثنان‬
‫وعشرون‬

23 Twenty-three ‫ثالثة‬
‫وعشرون‬

24 Twenty-four ‫أربعة‬
‫وعشرون‬

25 Twenty-five ‫خمسة‬
‫وعشرون‬

26 Twenty-six ‫ستة‬
‫وعشرون‬

27 Twenty-seven ‫سبعة‬
‫وعشرون‬

28 Twenty-eight ‫ثمانية‬
‫وعشرون‬

29 Twenty-nine ‫تسعة‬
‫وعشرون‬

30 Thirty ‫ثالثون‬

Numbe English Arabic


r

10 Ten ‫عشرة‬

20 Twenty ‫عشرو‬
‫ن‬

30 Thirty ‫ثالثون‬

40 Forty ‫أربعون‬

50 Fifty ‫خمسو‬
‫ن‬

60 Sixty ‫ستون‬
70 Seventy ‫سبعون‬

80 Eighty ‫ثمانون‬

90 Ninety ‫تسعون‬

100 One hundred ‫مائة‬

Forming the Plural in English / ‫تشكيل الجمع في اللغة اإلنجليزية‬


What is a Plural? / ‫ما هو الجمع؟‬
A plural means more than one person, animal, or thing.
‫الجمع يعني أكثر من شخص أو حيوان أو شيء‬.
Singular = one → cat / ‫ → مفرد = واحد‬cat
Plural = more than one → cats / ‫ → جمع = أكثر من واحد‬cats
Note: There is no ‫ مثنى‬in English.

Rules / ‫القواعد‬
 Rule 1: Add -s / ‫ أضف‬:1 ‫ القاعدة‬-s → book → books

Singula Plural
r

book books

car cars

pen pens

 Rule 2: Add -es / ‫ أضف‬:2 ‫ القاعدة‬-es ‫ إذا انتهت الكلمة بـ‬s, sh, ch, x, z → bus → buses
Singular Plural 

bus buses

glass glasses

box boxes

watch watches

brush brushes

Ps: Stomach => stomachs


Because here we pronounce it as K .
K ‫تنطق‬CH ‫الن‬

 Rule 3: Nouns ending in -y / ‫ الكلمات المنتهية بـ‬-y


- If consonant before y → change to -ies: baby → babies / ‫ إذا حرف ساكن قبل‬y ‫نغيرها إلى‬
ies
- If vowel before y → just add -s: toy → toys / ‫ إذا حرف علة قبل‬y ‫ نضيف فقط‬s

 Singular  plural
 Party  Parties
 family  Families
 country  countries

 Rule 4: Nouns ending in -f/-fe / ‫ الكلمات المنتهية بـ‬f ‫ أو‬fe


- Change to -ves: knife → knives / ‫ نغير‬f ‫ إلى‬ves
- Some just add -s: roof → roofs / ‫ بعض الكلمات نضيف فقط‬s

 Rule 5: Words ending in -o / ‫ الكلمات المنتهية بـ‬o


- Vowel + o → add s: radio → radios / ‫ إذا كان قبل‬o ‫ حرف علة نضيف‬s ‫فقط‬
- Consonant + o → add es: hero → heroes / ‫ إذا كان قبل‬o ‫ حرف ساكن نضيف‬es

Singular plural

Video Videos

Radio Radios

kangaroo Kangaroos
Singular plural

Echo Echoes

Hero Heroes

Tomato Tomatoes

photo Photos

 Rule 6: Irregular plurals / ‫ → جمع غير منتظم‬child → children

Singular Plural

man men

woman women

child children

tooth teeth

person people

 Rule 7: Same singular and plural / ‫ → نفس المفرد والجمع‬sheep → sheep

Singular Plural

sheep sheep

fish fish

deer deer
Means Means

Series Series

Pronunciation of “-s” Endings / ‫ نطق نهاية‬-s


We pronounce -s in 3 ways: / ‫ نلفظ‬-s ‫بثالث طرق‬:
/s/, /z/, and /ɪz/ depending on the last sound of the word.

Ending Sound Plural “-s” Sound Example

Voiceless (p, k, t) /s/ cats /kæts/

Voiced (b, d, g) /z/ dogs /dɔːgz/

s, z, ch, sh /ɪz/ buses /ˈbʌsɪz/

Family / ‫العائلة‬
 Grandfather / ‫الجد‬
 Grandmother / ‫الجدة‬
 Father / ‫األب‬
 Mother / ‫األم‬
 Brother / ‫األخ‬
 Sister / ‫األخت‬
 Uncle / ‫العم أو الخال‬
 Aunt / ‫العمة أو الخالة‬
 Cousin / ‫الخال‬/‫ابن أو ابنة العم‬
 Me / ‫أنا‬
 Siblings / ‫اإلخوة واألخوات‬
Possessive 's / ‫الملكية‬
We use 's to show possession: / ‫' نستخدم‬s ‫للداللة على الملكية‬:
My sister's book / ‫كتاب أختي‬

‫ بعد اسم المالك‬s‘ ‫نضيف‬

Possessive pronouns
I SHE HE YOU THEY WE

My HER HIS YOUR THIER OUR

Verb "To Have" / )‫الفعل (يملك‬


Used for possession / ‫ُيستخدم للتملك‬

I, You, We, They → have


He, She, It → has
Examples:
I have a cat. / ‫أنا أملك قطة‬.
She has a brother. / ‫هي تملك أًخا‬.

Verb "To Do" / )‫الفعل المساعد (يفعل‬


Used for making questions and negative sentences. / ‫ُيستخدم لصنع األسئلة والنفي‬.

I, You, We, They → do


He, She, It → does
Examples:

Negative sentence:
Subject (personal pronoun / noun) + do/ does + not + have +the rest of the sentence

Example 1: Positive sentence: I have a brother

Negative sentence: I do not have a brother

Example 2 : Positive sentence: she has a house

Negative sentence: she does not have a house


Ps: we put the verb to have in infinitive form after the verb to do

to do ‫ في صيغته الغير مصرفة بعد الفعل‬to have ‫ نضع الفعل‬:‫مالحظة‬

Questions
Do/does+ subject + have +the rest of the sentence +?

Example 1: Positive sentence: I have a brother

Question: Do you have a brother?

Example 2: Positive sentence: she has a house

Question: does she have a house?

Ps: we put the verb to have in infinitive form after the verb to do

to do ‫ في صيغته الغير مصرفة بعد الفعل‬to have ‫ نضع الفعل‬:‫مالحظة‬

Answering the questions

Positive answer:
Short answer: Yes, she does.

Long answer: Yes, she has a brother

We can’t say: yes, she does have a brother unless we want to emphasize the fact that she has
a brother.

Negative answer
Short answer: No, she does not

Long answer: No, she does not have a brother

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