CN114746153A - 具有增强头皮活性物质沉积的不含硫酸盐的组合物 - Google Patents
具有增强头皮活性物质沉积的不含硫酸盐的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114746153A CN114746153A CN202080083280.0A CN202080083280A CN114746153A CN 114746153 A CN114746153 A CN 114746153A CN 202080083280 A CN202080083280 A CN 202080083280A CN 114746153 A CN114746153 A CN 114746153A
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- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- polymer
- personal care
- acrylate
- ammonium
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种个人护理组合物,该个人护理组合物包含:约15%至约22%的一种或多种不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂;约0.1%至约10%的一种或多种头皮活性物质;约0.1%至约1.2%的阳离子聚合物,所述阳离子聚合物具有在50,000至小于或等于1,800,000范围内的分子量以及约0.5至约1.7meq/g的电荷密度;约0.1%至约1.2%的流变改性剂;并且该个人护理组合物具有约5至约7的pH并且具有>约5000cps的粘度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种个人护理组合物,该个人护理组合物包含不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂与阳离子聚合物和碱溶胀性乳液聚合物组合。稀释后,这些聚合物将复合并向头皮和毛发递送去头皮屑活性物质沉积有益效果,从而产生去头皮屑功效。
背景技术
去头皮屑洗发剂已经广泛用于处理头皮屑以及干净的毛发和头皮,其主要含有硫酸化的表面活性剂。尽管有效地清洁,但是这些硫酸化的表面活性剂可能导致对具有敏感头皮皮肤的消费者的刺激。因此,较少的刺激性表面活性剂(诸如不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂)可以是去头皮屑洗发剂制剂的更好替代方案。一般来讲,去头皮屑洗发剂由去头皮屑剂与旨在将去头皮屑剂沉积在头皮上的表面活性剂和含水体系的组合配制。去头皮屑剂可以是不溶性微粒诸如吡啶硫酮锌、硫和/或表面活性剂可溶性物质诸如氯咪巴唑或羟吡酮。去头皮屑洗发剂的一个重要方面是其能够使去头皮屑剂充分沉积在头皮上以有效杀灭并抑制真菌马拉色菌(Malassezia)生长的能力。在不含硫酸盐的洗发剂体系中,递送去头皮屑剂已具有挑战性,其可在头皮上沉积的量超过产品中存在的试剂量的1%-2%,而配方中剩余的98%-99%的头皮屑活性物质被冲洗掉。当前的高功效去头皮屑洗发剂制剂含有活性物质吡啶硫酮锌和增效剂碳酸锌,下文称为增效吡啶硫酮锌或增效ZPT。增效剂能够使得锌从这些制剂类型具有稳定性和非常有效/高效的真菌功效。因此,认为无增效剂、不含有碳酸锌的制剂需要在头皮和毛发上沉积多得多的活性物质,以匹配增效吡啶硫酮锌的功效。在稀释时经由阳离子聚合物与阴离子表面活性剂相互作用而形成凝聚层已经是将不溶性去头皮屑活性物质沉积到毛发和头皮上的经典方式。在不含硫酸盐的洗发剂中,难以产生凝聚层,所述凝聚层将足够粘合以夹带去头皮屑活性物质并且有效地沉积到毛发和头皮上。因此,要求需要去头皮屑活性物质的更有效沉积机制,其来自含有不太苛刻的不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂的洗发剂。
本发明惊讶地发现,由不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂与阳离子聚合物和碱溶胀性乳液聚合物的组成的洗发剂可以向头皮递送增加量的去头皮屑吡啶硫酮锌活性物质,其在与具有增效吡啶硫酮锌的硫酸化去头皮屑洗发剂相比时导致高度有效的抗真菌头皮功效。另外,还发现此类组合物给消费者提供感知的去头皮屑健康有益效果。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种个人护理组合物,该个人护理组合物包含:约15%至约22%的一种或多种不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂;约0.1%至约10%的一种或多种头皮活性物质;约0.1%至约1.2%的阳离子聚合物,所述阳离子聚合物具有在50,000至小于或等于1,800,000范围内的分子量以及约0.5至约1.7meq/g的电荷密度;约0.1%至约1.2%的流变改性剂;并且该个人护理组合物具有约5至约7的pH并且具有>约5000cps的粘度。
具体实施方式
除非另外指明,否则本文中使用的所有百分比和比率均按总组合物的重量计。除非另外指明,所有测量均被理解为是在环境条件下进行,其中“环境条件”是指在约25℃下,在约一个大气压下,并且在约50%相对湿度下的条件。所有数值范围是包括端值在内的更窄的范围;所描述的范围上限和下限是可组合的,以形成没有明确描述的另外的范围。
本发明的组合物可包含本文所述的基本组分以及任选的成分,基本上由其组成或由其组成。如本文所用,“基本上由...组成”是指组合物或组分可包含附加成分,只要附加成分不在本质上改变受权利要求书保护的组合物或方法的基本特征和新颖特征。
如关于组合物所用的“施加”或“施用”是指将本发明的组合物施加或铺展到角质组织诸如毛发上。
“皮肤病学可接受的”是指所述组合物或组分适用于与人的皮肤组织接触,而没有不适当的毒性、不相容性、不稳定性、变应性应答等。
“安全且有效的量”是指足以显著地诱导积极有益效果的化合物或组合物的量。
虽然本说明书以特别指出并清楚地要求保护本发明的权利要求书作为结尾,但据信通过下列说明可更好地理解本发明。
如本文所用,术语“流体”包括液体和凝胶。
如本文所用,当用于权利要求中时,包括“一个”和“一种”的冠词应被理解为是指一种或多种受权利要求书保护或所描述的物质。
如本文所用,“包括/包含”是指可加入不影响最终结果的其它步骤和其它成分。该术语涵盖术语“由……组成”和“基本上由……组成”。
如本文所用,“混合物”旨在包括物质的简单组合以及由它们的组合所可能产生的任何化合物。
如本文所用,除非另外指明,否则“分子量”是指重均分子量。分子量使用工业标准方法、凝胶渗透色谱法(“GPC”)测量。
在给定含量范围的情况下,这些应当被理解为组合物中所述成分的总量,或在多于一种物质落入成分定义的范围内的情况下,组合物中所有成分的总量符合所述定义。
例如,如果组合物包含1%至5%的脂肪醇,则包含2%硬脂醇和1%鲸蜡醇并且没有其它脂肪醇的组合物将落入该范围内。
下文描述的每种特定成分或它们的混合物的量可占个人护理组合物中成分总量的至多100%(或100%)。
如本文所用,“个人护理组合物”包括诸如洗发剂、沐浴凝胶、液体手清洁剂、毛发着色剂、面部清洁剂和其它基于表面活性剂的液体组合物。
如本文所用,术语“包括”、“包含”和“含有”旨在是非限制性的,并且理解为分别是指“具有”、“具备”和“涵盖”。
除非另外说明,否则所有百分比、份数和比率均基于本发明的组合物的总重量。所有涉及所列成分的这些重量均基于活性物质的含量,并且因此不包括可能包含在可商购获得的物质中的载体或副产物。
除非另外指明,否则所有组分或组合物水平均是就该组分或组合物的活性部分而言,且不包括可能存在于此类组分或组合物的可商购获得的来源中的杂质,例如残余溶剂或副产物。
应当理解,贯穿本说明书给出的每一最大数值限度包括每一较低数值限度,如同此类较低数值限度在本文中明确写出。贯穿本说明书给出的每一最小数值限度将包括每一较高数值限度,如同此类较高数值限度在本文中明确写出。贯穿本说明书给出的每一数值范围将包括落在此类较宽数值范围内的每一较窄数值范围,如同此类较窄的数值范围全部在本文中明确写出。
头皮活性物质
本发明可包含头皮活性物质,其可以是去头皮屑活性材料。去头皮屑活性物质可选自:吡啶硫酮盐;碳酸锌;唑类,诸如酮康唑、益康唑和新康唑;硫化硒;微粒硫;角质层分离剂,诸如水杨酸;以及它们的混合物。去头皮屑微粒可为吡啶硫酮盐。此类去头皮屑微粒应该在物理和化学上与组合物的组分相容,并且不应该不适当地以其他方式破坏产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。
头皮活性物质的浓度可在以下范围内:约0.1%至约10%;约2%至约5%;以及约1%至约2%。
吡啶硫酮微粒是适用于本发明组合物中的粒状去头皮屑活性物质。去头皮屑活性物质可为1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮盐,并且为粒状形式。吡啶硫酮去头皮屑微粒的浓度可在按组合物的重量计约0.01%至约5%、或约0.1%至约3%、或约1%至约2%的范围内。吡啶硫酮盐可以是由重金属诸如锌、锡、镉、镁、铝和锆(通常为锌)形成的那些,通常为1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮的锌盐(称为“吡啶硫酮锌”或“ZPT”;吡啶硫酮锌),通常为片状颗粒形式的1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮盐。1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮盐可为平均粒度为至多约20微米、或至多约5微米、或至多约2.5微米的片状颗粒形式。由其它阳离子诸如钠形成的盐也可为合适的。吡啶硫酮去头皮屑活性物质描述于例如美国专利2,809,971;美国专利3,236,733;美国专利3,753,196;美国专利3,761,418;美国专利4,345,080;美国专利4,323,683;美国专利4,379,753;和美国专利4,470,982中。
除了选自吡啶硫酮的多价金属盐的去头皮屑活性物质以外,该组合物还可包含一种或多种抗真菌活性物质和/或抗微生物活性物质。抗微生物活性物质可选自有以下组成的组:煤焦油、硫、木炭、吡啶硫酮铜、复方苯甲酸软膏、卡斯太拉尼氏涂剂、氯化铝、龙胆紫、羟基吡啶,并且其中羟基吡啶可以是羟吡酮、羟甲辛吡酮(羟吡酮)、环吡酮胺、利洛吡司、MEA-羟基辛氧基吡啶酮;史托比类诸如嘧菌酯和金属螯合剂诸如1,10-二氮杂菲、十一碳烯酸及其金属盐、高锰酸钾、硫化硒、硫代硫酸钠、丙二醇、苦橙油、尿素制剂、灰黄霉素、8-羟基喹啉氯碘羟喹、硫代地巴唑、硫代氨基甲酸酯、卤普罗近、聚烯、羟基吡啶酮、吗啉、苄胺、烯丙胺(诸如特比萘芬)、茶树油、丁香叶油、芫荽、玫瑰草、小檗碱、百里香红、桂皮油、肉桂醛、香茅酸、扁柏酚、页岩油、SensivaSC-50、ElestabHP-100、壬二酸、溶细胞酶、碘代丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯(IPBC)、异噻唑啉酮诸如辛基异噻唑啉酮和唑类、以及它们的混合物。抗微生物剂可选自:伊曲康唑、酮康唑、硫化硒、煤焦油、以及它们的混合物。
唑类抗微生物剂可以为咪唑,其选自:苯并咪唑、苯并噻唑、联苯苄唑、丁康唑硝酸盐、氯咪巴唑、克霉唑、克鲁康唑、依柏康唑、益康唑、新康唑、芬替康唑、氟康唑、氟三唑、异康唑、酮康唑、兰诺康唑、甲硝唑、咪康唑、奈康唑、奥莫康唑、奥昔康唑硝酸盐、舍他康唑、硝酸硫康唑、噻康唑、噻唑、以及它们的混合物,或所述唑类抗微生物剂为三唑,其选自:特康唑、伊曲康唑、以及它们的混合物。当存在于组合物中时,唑类抗微生物剂以按所述组合物的重量计约0.01%至约5%、或约0.1%至约3%、或约0.3%至约2%的量被包含在内。唑类抗微生物活性物质可为酮康唑。唯一的抗微生物活性物质可为酮康唑。
本发明还可包含抗微生物活性物质的组合。抗微生物活性物质的组合可选自由以下组成的组合:羟甲辛吡酮和吡啶硫酮锌、松焦油和硫、水杨酸和吡啶硫酮锌、水杨酸和新康唑、吡啶硫酮锌和新康唑、吡啶硫酮锌和咪菌酮、羟甲辛吡酮和咪菌酮、水杨酸和羟甲辛吡酮、以及它们的混合物。
该组合物可包含有效量的含锌层状材料。该组合物可包含按该组合物的总重量计约0.001%至约10%,或约0.01%至约7%,或约0.1%至约5%的含锌层状材料。
含锌层状材料可为主要在二维平面上具有晶体生长的那些。常规上将层状结构描述为不仅其中所有原子均掺入良好限定的层中的那些,而且其中在层之间存在称为隧道离子(A.F.Wells,“Structural Inorganic Chemistry”Clarendon Press,1975)的离子或分子的那些。含锌层状物质(ZLM)可具有掺入层中的锌和/或可作为隧道离子的组分。以下类别的ZLM代表了总类别中相对常见的示例,并且不旨在对范围更广的符合此定义的材料作出限制。
许多ZLM在自然界以矿物的形式出现。ZLM可选自:水锌矿(碳酸锌氢氧化物)、碱式碳酸锌、绿铜锌矿(碳酸锌铜氢氧化物)、斜方绿铜锌矿(碳酸铜锌氢氧化物)、以及它们的混合物。相关的含锌矿物质也可包含于组合物中。天然ZLM也可存在,其中阴离子层物质诸如粘土型矿物质(例如页硅酸盐)含有离子交换的锌隧道离子。所有这些天然物质也可通过合成获得,或在组合物中或在生产过程期间原位形成。
另一种通常但不总是合成获得的常见类别ZLM为层状二元氢氧化物。ZLM可为符合式[M2+ 1-xM3+ x(OH)2]x+Am- x/m·nH2O的层状二元氢氧化物,其中一些或所有的二价离子(M2+)为锌离子(Crepaldi,EL,Pava,PC,Tronto,J,Valim,JB J.Colloid Interfac.Sci.2002,248,429-42)。
可制备另一类别的ZLM,称为羟基复盐(Morioka,H.,Tagaya,H.,Karasu,M,Kadokawa,J,Chiba,K Inorg.Chem.1999,38,4211-6)。ZLM可为符合式[M2+ 1-xM2+ 1+x(OH)3(1-y)]+An- (1=3y)/n·nH2O的羟基复盐,其中两个金属离子(M2+)可以相同或不同。如果它们相同并且由锌表示,则该式简化为[Zn1+x(OH)2]2x+2x A-·nH2O。后一式代表了(其中x=0.4)材料诸如羟基氯化锌和碱式硝酸锌。ZLM可为羟基氯化锌和/或羟基硝酸锌。这些也涉及水锌矿,其中二价阴离子替换一价阴离子。这些材料还可在组合物中或在生产过程中或生产过程期间原位形成。
该组合物可包含碱式碳酸锌。碱式碳酸锌的可商购获得的来源包括碱式碳酸锌(Cater Chemicals:Bensenville,IL,USA)、碳酸锌(Shepherd Chemicals:Norwood,OH,USA)、碳酸锌(CPS Union Corp.:New York,NY,USA)、碳酸锌(Elementis Pigments:Durham,UK)和碳酸锌AC(Bruggemann Chemical:Newtown Square,PA,USA)。碱式碳酸锌,商业上还可以称作“碳酸锌”或“碳酸锌碱性物”或“羟基碳酸锌”,为合成型式,由与天然存在的水锌矿类似的材料组成。理想的化学计量表示为Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2,但实际化学计量比可稍有不同,并且晶格中可掺有其它杂质。
该组合物可含有含锌层状材料和吡啶硫酮或吡啶硫酮的多价金属盐,含锌层状材料与吡啶硫酮或吡啶硫酮的多价金属盐的比率为约5:100至约10:1、或约2:10至约5:1、或约1:2至约3:1。
A.去污表面活性剂
本文所述的清洁组合物可在表面活性剂体系中包含一种或多种表面活性剂。一种或多种表面活性剂可基本上不含基于硫酸盐的表面活性剂。如可理解的,表面活性剂通过促进油和其它污垢的移除来向弄脏的物品诸如毛发、皮肤和毛囊提供清洁有益效果。表面活性剂通常促进此类清洁,因为表面活性剂的两亲性质允许表面活性剂破碎油和其它污垢,并围绕油和其它污垢形成胶束,然后胶束可被冲洗掉,从而将油或污垢从弄脏的物品移除。用于清洁组合物的合适的表面活性剂可包括阴离子部分,以允许与阳离子聚合物形成凝聚层。表面活性剂可选自阴离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、以及它们的组合。
清洁组合物通常使用硫酸盐基表面活性剂体系(诸如但不限于月桂基硫酸钠),因为它们在泡沫产生、稳定性、透明度和清洁方面均有效。本文所述的清洁组合物基本上不含硫酸盐基表面活性剂。如本文所用的“基本上不含”硫酸盐基表面活性剂是指约0重量%至约3重量%、另选地约0重量%至约2重量%、另选地约0重量%至约1重量%、另选地约0重量%至约0.5重量%、另选地约0重量%至约0.25重量%、另选地约0重量%至约0.1重量%、另选地约0重量%至约0.05重量%、另选地约0重量%至约0.01重量%、另选地约0重量%至约0.001重量%,和/或另选地不含硫酸盐。如本文所用,“不含”是指0重量%。
另外,本文所述的表面活性剂体系具有约0wt%至约1wt%的无机盐。
基本上不含硫酸盐的合适的表面活性剂可包括羟乙基磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;醚磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;磺基琥珀酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;磺基乙酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;甘氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;肌氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;谷氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;丙氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;羧酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;牛磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;磷酸酯的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;以及它们的组合。
表面活性剂在该组合物中的浓度应足以提供期望的清洁和发泡性能。清洁组合物可包含约6重量%至约50重量%,约5重量%至约35重量%的总表面活性剂含量,约10重量%至约50重量%,约15重量%至约45重量%,约15重量%至约22重量%;约16重量%至约20重量%;约17重量%至约20重量%,约20重量%至约40重量%,约22重量%至约35重量%,和/或约25重量%至约30重量%的总表面活性剂含量。
表面活性剂体系可包括一种或多种基于氨基酸的阴离子表面活性剂。基于氨基酸的阴离子表面活性剂的非限制性示例可包括酰基甘氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;酰基肌氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;酰基谷氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;酰基丙氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐,以及它们的组合。
基于氨基酸的阴离子表面活性剂可以是谷氨酸盐,例如酰基谷氨酸盐。该组合物可包括按重量计约2%至约22%、按重量计约3%至约19%、按重量计4%至约17%和/或按重量计约5%至约15%的酰基谷氨酸盐含量。
酰基谷氨酸盐的非限制性示例可选自:椰油酰谷氨酸钠、椰油酰谷氨酸二钠、椰油酰谷氨酸铵、椰油酰谷氨酸二铵、月桂酰谷氨酸钠、月桂酰谷氨酸二钠、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸钠、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸二钠、椰油酰谷氨酸钾、椰油酰谷氨酸二钾、月桂酰谷氨酸钾、月桂酰谷氨酸二钾、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸钾、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸二钾、辛酰谷氨酸钠、辛酰谷氨酸二钠、辛酰谷氨酸钾、辛酰谷氨酸二钾、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸钠、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸二钠、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸钾、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸二钾、氢化牛脂酰谷氨酸二钠、硬脂酰谷氨酸钠、硬脂酰谷氨酸二钠、硬脂酰谷氨酸钾、硬脂酰谷氨酸二钾、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸钠、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸二钠、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸钾、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸二钾、椰油酰/氢化牛脂谷氨酸钠、椰油酰/棕榈油酰/葵花油酰谷氨酸钠、氢化牛脂酰谷氨酸钠、橄榄油酰谷氨酸钠、橄榄油酰谷氨酸二钠、棕榈油酰谷氨酸钠、棕榈油酰谷氨酸二钠、TEA-椰油酰谷氨酸盐、TEA-氢化牛脂酰谷氨酸盐、TEA-月桂酰谷氨酸盐,以及它们的混合物。
基于氨基酸的阴离子表面活性剂可以是丙氨酸盐,例如酰基丙氨酸盐。酰基丙氨酸盐的非限制性示例可包括椰油酰基丙氨酸钠、月桂酰基丙氨酸钠、N-十二烷酰基-1-丙氨酸钠、以及它们的组合。组合物可包含约2重量%至约20重量%,约7重量%至约15重量%和/或约8重量%至约12重量%的酰基丙氨酸盐含量。
基于氨基酸的阴离子表面活性剂可以是肌氨酸盐,例如酰基肌氨酸盐。肌氨酸盐的非限制性示例可选自:月桂酰基肌氨酸钠、椰油酰基肌氨酸钠、肉豆蔻酰基肌氨酸钠、TEA-椰油酰基肌氨酸盐、椰油酰基肌氨酸铵、月桂酰基肌氨酸铵、二聚二亚油基双月桂酰基谷氨酸盐/月桂酰基肌氨酸盐、月桂酰两性基二乙酸酯月桂酰肌氨酸二钠、月桂酰基异丙基肌氨酸盐、椰油酰基肌氨酸钾、月桂酰基肌氨酸钾、椰油酰基肌氨酸钠、月桂酰基肌氨酸钠、肉豆蔻基肌氨酸钠、油酰基肌氨酸钠、棕榈酰基肌氨酸钠、TEA-椰油酰基肌氨酸盐、TEA-月桂酰基肌氨酸盐、TEA-油酰基肌氨酸盐、TEA-棕榈仁肌氨酸盐以及它们的组合。
基于氨基酸的阴离子表面活性剂可以是甘氨酸盐,例如酰基甘氨酸盐。酰基甘氨酸盐的非限制性示例可包括椰油酰甘氨酸钠、月桂酰甘氨酸钠,以及它们的组合。
该组合物可包含选自磺基琥珀酸盐、羟乙基磺酸盐、磺酸盐、磺基乙酸盐、葡萄糖羧酸盐、烷基醚羧酸盐、酰基牛磺酸盐、以及它们的混合物的附加阴离子表面活性剂。
磺基琥珀酸盐表面活性剂的非限制示例可包括N-十八烷基磺基琥珀酸二钠、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二铵、月桂基磺基琥珀酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸酯二钠、N-(1,2-二羧基乙基)-N-十八烷基磺基琥珀酸四钠、磺基琥珀酸钠的二戊基酯、磺基琥珀酸钠的二己基酯、磺基琥珀酸钠的二辛基酯、以及它们的组合。该组合物可包含约2重量%至约22重量%,约3重量%至约19重量%,4重量%至约17重量%和/或约5重量%至约15重量%的磺基琥珀酸盐含量。
合适的羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂可包括用羟乙磺酸酯化并用氢氧化钠中和的脂肪酸的反应产物。用于羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂的合适的脂肪酸可衍生自包括甲基牛磺酸的酰胺的椰子油或棕榈仁油。羟乙基磺酸盐的非限制性示例可选自:月桂酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、椰油酰羟乙基磺酸钠、椰油酰羟乙基磺酸铵、氢化椰油酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、月桂酰羟乙基磺酸钠、椰油酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、肉豆蔻酰羟乙基磺酸钠、油酰羟乙基磺酸钠、油基甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、棕榈仁酰羟乙基磺酸钠、硬脂酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、以及它们的混合物。
磺酸盐的非限制性示例可包括α-烯烃磺酸盐、直链烷基苯磺酸盐、月桂基葡糖苷羟丙基磺酸钠,以及它们的组合。
磺基乙酸盐的非限制性示例可包括月桂基磺基乙酸钠、月桂基磺基乙酸铵、以及它们的组合。
葡萄糖羧酸盐的非限制性示例可包括月桂基葡糖苷羧酸钠、椰油基葡糖苷羧酸钠、以及它们的组合。
烷基醚羧酸盐的非限制性示例可包括月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-4羧酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-5羧酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-13羧酸钠、C12-13烷基聚氧乙烯醚-8羧酸钠、C12-15烷基聚氧乙烯醚-8羧酸钠、以及它们的组合。
酰基牛磺酸盐的非限制性示例可包括甲基椰油酰基牛磺酸钠、甲基月桂酰基牛磺酸钠、甲基油酰基牛磺酸钠以及它们的组合。
表面活性剂体系还可包含一种或多种两性表面活性剂,并且该两性表面活性剂可选自甜菜碱、磺基甜菜碱、羟基磺基甜菜碱、两性羟丙基磺酸盐、烷基两性乙酸盐、烷基两性二乙酸盐、以及它们的组合。
甜菜碱两性表面活性剂的示例可包括椰油基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺基丙基甜菜碱(CAPB)、椰油基甜菜碱、月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱(LAPB)、油基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基α羧乙基甜菜碱、鲸蜡基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基二-(2-羟乙基)羧甲基甜菜碱、硬脂基二-(2-羟丙基)羧甲基甜菜碱、油基二甲基γ-羧丙基甜菜碱、月桂基二-(2-羟丙基)α-羧乙基甜菜碱、以及它们的混合物。磺基甜菜碱的示例可包括椰油基二甲基磺基丙基甜菜碱、硬脂基二甲基磺基丙基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基磺基乙基甜菜碱、月桂基二-(2-羟乙基)磺基丙基甜菜碱、以及它们的混合物。
烷基两性醋酸盐的非限制性示例可包括椰油酰两性醋酸钠、月桂酰两性醋酸钠,以及它们的组合。
两性表面活性剂可包括椰油酰胺基丙基甜菜碱(CAPB)、月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱(LAPB)、以及它们的组合。
清洁组合物可包含约0.5重量%至约20重量%、约1重量%至约15重量%、约2重量%至约13重量%、约3重量%至约15重量%、和/或约5重量%至约10重量%的两性表面活性剂含量。
表面活性剂体系可具有约1:5至约10:1、约1:2至约7:1、1:1至约5:1、和/或约2:1至约4:1的阴离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂的重量比。表面活性剂体系可具有大于1:1、大于3:2、大于9:5和/或大于2:1的阴离子表面活性剂与两性表面活性剂的重量比。
该表面活性剂体系还可包含一种或多种非离子表面活性剂,并且该非离子表面活性剂可选自烷基多葡糖苷、烷基糖苷、酰基葡糖酰胺,以及它们的混合物。烷基葡糖苷的非限制性示例可包括癸基葡糖苷、椰油酰葡糖苷、月桂酰葡糖苷以及它们的组合。
酰基葡糖酰胺的非限制性示例可包括月桂酰/肉豆蔻酰甲基葡糖酰胺、辛酰基/己酰基甲基葡糖酰胺、月桂酰/肉豆蔻酰甲基葡糖酰胺、
本发明可具有约0.25%至约15%的一种或多种两性辅助表面活性剂、非离子辅助表面活性剂或两性离子辅助表面活性剂。
本发明可具有约5至约7、约5.5至约6.5、或约5.8至约6的pH。
B.阳离子聚合物
个人护理组合物还包含阳离子聚合物。这些阳离子聚合物可包括以下中的至少一种:(a)阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物,(b)阳离子非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物,(c)阳离子木薯聚合物,(d)丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体的阳离子共聚物,和/或(e)合成的非交联阳离子聚合物,其在与去污表面活性剂组合后可形成或可不形成溶致液晶,(f)阳离子纤维素聚合物。另外,阳离子聚合物可为阳离子聚合物的混合物。
个人护理组合物可包含阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物,其为阳离子取代的半乳甘露聚糖(瓜尔)树胶衍生物。用于制备这些瓜尔胶衍生物的瓜尔胶通常以天然存在的来自瓜尔胶植物种子的材料形式获得。瓜尔胶分子自身为按规则的间隔在交替的甘露糖单元上以单节半乳糖单元支化的直链甘露聚糖。甘露糖单元经由β(1-4)糖苷键连接基彼此连接。经由α(1-6)键,发生半乳糖支化。通过聚半乳甘露聚糖的羟基基团与反应性季铵化合物之间的反应,来获得瓜尔胶的阳离子衍生物。阳离子基团到瓜尔胶结构上的取代度应足以提供上文所述的所需阳离子电荷密度。
阳离子聚合物可包括但不限于阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物,其具有小于2,200,000g/mol、或约150,000至约2,200,000g/mol、或约200,000至约2,200,000g/mol、或约300,000至约1,200,000g/mol、或约750,000至约1,000,000g/mol的重均分子量。阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可具有约0.2meq/g至约2.2meq/g、或约0.3meq/g至约2.0meq/g、或约0.4meq/g至约1.8meq/g;或约0.5meq/g至约1.8meq/g的电荷密度。
阳离子聚合物可具有在约50,000至小于或等于1,800,000范围内的分子量以及约0.5至约1.7meq/g的电荷密度。阳离子聚合物可以在约100,000至约1,000,000的范围内,在约500,000至约1,200,000的范围内。阳离子聚合物可具有约0.6至约1.2meq/g、约0.8至约1.0meq/g的电荷密度。
阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可具有小于约1,500,000g/mol的重均分子量,并且具有约0.1meq/g至约2.5meq/g的电荷密度。阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可具有小于900,000g/mol、或约150,000g/mol至约800,000g/mol、或约200,000g/mol至约700,000g/mol、或约300,000g/mol至约700,000g/mol、或约400,000g/mol至约600,000g/mol、或约150,000g/mol至约800,000g/mol、或约200,000g/mol至约700,000g/mol、或约300,000g/mol至约700,000g/mol、或约400,000g/mol至约600,000g/mol的重均分子量。阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可具有约0.2meq/g至约2.2meq/g、或约0.3meq/g至约2.0meq/g、或约0.4meq/g至约1.8meq/g;或约0.5meq/g至约1.5meq/g的电荷密度。
阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可由季铵化合物形成。用于形成阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物的季铵化合物可符合通式1:
其中R3、R4和R5为甲基或乙基基团;R6为具有通式2的环氧烷基基团:
或R6为具有通式3的卤代醇基团:
其中R7为C1至C3亚烷基;X为氯或溴,并且Z为阴离子,诸如Cl-、Br-、I-或HSO4-。
阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可符合通式4:
其中R8为瓜尔胶;并且其中R4、R5、R6和R7如上所定义;并且其中Z为卤素。阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可符合式5:
合适的阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物包括阳离子瓜尔胶衍生物,诸如瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可为瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵的具体示例包括可从Solvay商购获得的系列,例如可从Solvay商购获得的C-500。C-500具有0.8meq/g的电荷密度和500,000g/mol的分子量。其它合适的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为:具有约1.3meq/g的电荷密度和约500,000g/mol的分子量,并且以商品名Optima购自Solvay的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。其它合适的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为:具有约0.7meq/g的电荷密度和约1,500,000g/mol的分子量,并且以商品名Excel购自Solvay的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。其它合适的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为:具有约1.1meq/g的电荷密度和约500,000g/mol的分子量并且购自ASI的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,具有约1.5meq/g的电荷密度和约500,000g/mol的分子量并且购自ASI的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。其它合适的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为:Hi-Care 1000,其具有约0.7meq/g的电荷密度和约600,000g/mol的分子量,并且购自Solvay;N-Hance 3269和N-Hance 3270,其具有约0.7meq/g的电荷密度和约425,000g/mol的分子量,并且购自ASI;N-Hance 3196,其具有约0.8meq/g的电荷密度和约1,100,000g/mol的分子量,并且购自ASI。AquaCat CG518具有约0.9meq/g的电荷密度,和约50,000g/mol的分子量,并且购自ASI。BF-13,其为具有约1meq/g的电荷密度和约800,000的分子量的无硼酸盐(硼)的瓜尔胶,以及BF-17,其为具有约1.5meq/g的电荷密度和约800,000的分子量的无硼酸盐(硼)的瓜尔胶,并且二者均购自ASI。
本发明的个人护理组合物可包含半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,以单体对单体计,半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物具有的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率大于2:1,半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物选自由以下组成的组:阳离子半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物和具有净正电荷的两性半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物。如本文所用,术语“阳离子半乳甘露聚糖”是指向其中加入阳离子基团的半乳甘露聚糖聚合物。术语“两性半乳甘露聚糖”是指向其中加入阳离子基团和阴离子基团以使得聚合物具有净正电荷的半乳甘露聚糖聚合物。
半乳甘露聚糖聚合物存在于豆科种子胚乳中。半乳甘露聚糖聚合物由甘露糖单体和半乳糖单体的组合构成。半乳甘露聚糖分子为按规则的间隔在特定甘露糖单元上以单节半乳糖单元支化的直链甘露聚糖。甘露糖单元经由β(1-4)糖苷键连接基彼此连接。经由α(1-6)键,发生半乳糖支化。甘露糖单体与半乳糖单体的比率根据植物的品种而改变,并且还受气候的影响。以单体对单体计,本发明非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物具有大于2:1的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率。合适的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率可大于约3:1,并且甘露糖与半乳糖的比率可大于约4:1。甘露糖与半乳糖比率的分析是本领域熟知的,并且通常基于半乳糖含量的测量。
用于制备非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物的树胶通常以天然存在的材料形式获得,诸如来自植物的种子或豆形果实。各种非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物的示例包括但不限于塔拉胶(3份甘露糖/1份半乳糖)、刺槐豆胶或角豆胶(4份甘露糖/1份半乳糖)和肉桂胶(5份甘露糖/1份半乳糖)。
非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物可具有约1,000至约10,000,000、和/或约5,000至约3,000,000的M.Wt.。
本发明的个人护理组合物还可包含半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,其具有约0.5meq/g至约7meq/g的阳离子电荷密度。该半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物可具有约1meq/g至约5meq/g的阳离子电荷密度。半乳甘露聚糖结构上的阳离子基团的取代度应足以提供所需的阳离子电荷密度。
半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物可为非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物的阳离子衍生物,该衍生物由聚半乳甘露聚糖聚合物的羟基基团与反应性季铵化合物之间的反应获得。用于形成阳离子半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物的合适的季铵化合物包括符合如上定义的通式1至5的那些。
由上述试剂形成的阳离子非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物由通式6表示:
其中R为树胶。阳离子半乳甘露聚糖衍生物可为树胶羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,
其可更具体地由通式7表示:
另选地,半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物可为具有净正电荷的两性半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,当阳离子半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物还包含阴离子基团时,获得两性半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物。
阳离子非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖可具有大于约4:1的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率,约1,000g/mol至约10,000,000g/mol、和/或约50,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、和/或约100,000g/mol至约900,000g/mol、和/或约150,000g/mol至约400,000g/mol的分子量,以及约1meq/g至约5meq/g、和/或2meq/g至约4meq/g的阳离子电荷密度,并且可来源于肉桂植物。
个人护理组合物可包含水溶性阳离子改性淀粉聚合物。如本文所用,术语“阳离子改性淀粉”是指在使淀粉降解至具有较小分子量之前向其中加入阳离子基团的淀粉,或在使淀粉改性以获得期望的分子量之后向其中加入阳离子基团的淀粉。术语“阳离子改性淀粉”的定义还包括两性改性淀粉。术语“两性改性淀粉”是指向其中加入阳离子基团和阴离子基团的淀粉水解产物。
本文公开的阳离子改性淀粉聚合物具有约0.5%至约4%的结合氮百分比。
用于个人护理组合物中的阳离子改性淀粉聚合物可具有约850,000g/mol至约1,500,000g/mol和/或约900,000g/mol至约1,500,000g/mol的分子量。
个人护理组合物可包含阳离子改性淀粉聚合物,其具有约0.2meq/g至约5meq/g、和/或约0.2meq/g至约2meq/g的电荷密度。获得此类电荷密度的化学改性包括但不限于向淀粉分子中加入氨基和/或铵基团。这些铵基团的非限制性示例可包括取代基,诸如羟丙基三甲基氯化铵、三甲基羟丙基氯化铵、二甲基硬脂基羟丙基氯化铵和二甲基十二烷基羟丙基氯化铵。参见Solarek,D.B.,Cationic Starches in Modified Starches:Propertiesand Uses(Wurzburg,O.B.编辑,CRC Press,Inc.,Boca Raton,Fla.1986,第113-125页)。可将阳离子基团在淀粉降解至具有较小分子量之前加入到淀粉中,或可将阳离子基团在此类改性之后加入到其中。
阳离子改性淀粉聚合物通常具有约0.2至约2.5的阳离子基团取代度。如本文所用,阳离子改性淀粉聚合物的“取代度”是每个由取代基衍生的葡糖酐单元上羟基基团数的平均量度。由于每个葡糖酐单元具有三个可被取代的羟基基团,因此最大可能的取代度为3。以摩尔平均计,取代度表示为每摩尔葡糖酐单元具有的取代基摩尔数。取代度可使用本领域熟知的质子核磁共振光谱(“.sup.1H NMR”)方法来测定。合适的.sup.1H NMR技术包括描述于“Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide,Iodine-Complexing,and Solvating in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide”,Qin-Ji Peng and ArthurS.Perlin,Carbohydrate Research,160(1987),57-72;和“An Approach to theStructural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy”,J.HowardBradbury and J.Grant Collins,Carbohydrate Research,71,(1979),15-25中。
在化学改性之前的淀粉来源可选自多种来源,诸如块茎、豆类、谷类和粮食。这种来源的淀粉的非限制性示例可包括玉米淀粉、小麦淀粉、稻米淀粉、蜡质玉米淀粉、燕麦淀粉、木薯淀粉(cassava starch)、蜡质大麦淀粉、蜡质稻米淀粉、麸质稻米淀粉、糯米淀粉、支链淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、木薯淀粉(tapioca starch)、燕麦淀粉、西米淀粉、糯米、或它们的混合物。
阳离子改性淀粉聚合物可选自降解的阳离子玉米淀粉、阳离子木薯、阳离子马铃薯淀粉、以及它们的混合物。另选地,阳离子改性淀粉聚合物为阳离子玉米淀粉和阳离子木薯。
在降解至具有较小分子量之前或在改性至具有较小分子量之后,淀粉可包括一种或多种附加的改性。例如,这些改性可包括交联、稳定化反应、磷酸化和水解。稳定性反应可包括烷基化和酯化。
阳离子改性淀粉聚合物可以水解淀粉(例如酸、酶或碱降解)、氧化淀粉(例如过氧化物、过酸、次氯酸盐、碱或任何其它氧化剂)、物理/机械降解淀粉(例如经由处理设备的热机械能输入)、或它们组合的形式掺入组合物中。
淀粉的最佳形式是一种易于溶解于水中并在水中形成基本上澄清(600nm下约80的透射百分比)溶液的形式。组合物的透明度通过紫外/可见(UV/VIS)分光光度测定法来测定,其使用Gretag Macbeth Colorimeter Color i 5根据相关指导说明,测定样品对UV/VIS光的吸收或透过。已示出,600nm的光波长足以表征化妆品组合物的透明度。
用于个人护理组合物中的合适的阳离子改性淀粉购自已知的淀粉供应商。还适用于个人护理组合物中的是非离子改性淀粉,如本领域所已知的,该非离子改性淀粉可被进一步衍生为阳离子改性淀粉。如本领域已知的是,其他合适的改性淀粉原料可被季铵化以产生适用于个人护理组合物中的阳离子改性淀粉聚合物。
淀粉降解过程:通过在水中混合颗粒状淀粉,可制得淀粉浆液。将温度升至约35℃。然后加入基于淀粉计约50ppm浓度的高锰酸钾水溶液。用氢氧化钠将pH升至约11.5,并且将浆液充分搅拌,以防止淀粉沉降。然后加入在水中稀释的约30%的过氧化氢溶液,使过氧化物的水平基于淀粉计为约1%。然后通过加入附加的氢氧化钠,将pH恢复至约11.5。将反应在约1至约20小时的时段内完成。然后将该混合物用稀盐酸中和。降解淀粉通过过滤接着洗涤并干燥来重新获得。
个人护理组合物可包含丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体的阳离子共聚物,其中共聚物具有约1.0meq/g至约3.0meq/g的电荷密度。阳离子共聚物可为丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体的合成阳离子共聚物。
阳离子共聚物可包含:
(i)具有下式AM的丙烯酰胺单体:
其中R9为H或C1-4烷基;并且R10和R11独立地选自H、C1-4烷基、CH2OCH3、CH2OCH2CH(CH3)2和苯基,或合在一起为C3-6环烷基;以及
(ii)符合式CM的阳离子单体:
其中k=1,v、v'和v”中的每一者独立地为1至6的整数,w为零或1至10的整数,并且X-为阴离子。
阳离子单体可符合式CM,并且其中k=1,v=3,并且w=0,z=1,并且X-为Cl-,以形成以下结构:
上述结构可被称为二季铵盐。另选地,阳离子单体可符合式CM,并且其中v和v”各自为3,v'=1,w=1,y=1,并且X-为Cl-,诸如:
上述结构可被称为三季铵盐。
合适的丙烯酰胺单体包括但不限于丙烯酰胺或甲基丙烯酰胺。
阳离子共聚物(b)可为AM:TRIQUAT,其为丙烯酰胺和N-[2-[[[二甲基[3-[(2-甲基-1-氧代-2-丙烯基)氨基]丙基]铵基]乙酰基]氨基]乙基]2-羟基-N,N,N',N',N'-五甲基-1,3-丙二铵三氯化物的共聚物。AM:TRIQUAT还被称为聚季铵盐-76(PQ76)。AM:TRIQUAT可具有1.6meq/g的电荷密度和1,100,000g/mol的分子量。
阳离子共聚物可具有丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体,其中阳离子单体选自:(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二叔丁基氨基乙酯、二甲基氨甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺;乙烯亚胺、乙烯胺、2-乙烯基吡啶、4-乙烯基吡啶;(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基氯化铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基甲基硫酸铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基苄基氯化铵乙酯、丙烯酸4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基氯化铵乙酯、三甲基氯化铵乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、三甲基氯化铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵、二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵、以及它们的混合物。
阳离子共聚物可包含阳离子单体,该阳离子单体选自:阳离子单体包括(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基氯化铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基甲基硫酸铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基苄基氯化铵乙酯、丙烯酸4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基氯化铵乙酯、三甲基氯化铵乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、三甲基氯化铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵、以及它们的混合物。
阳离子共聚物可为水溶性的。阳离子共聚物由以下形成:(1)(甲基)丙烯酰胺和基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的阳离子单体和/或水解稳定的阳离子单体的共聚物,(2)(甲基)丙烯酰胺、基于阳离子(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体、和基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的单体、和/或水解稳定的阳离子单体的三聚物。基于阳离子(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体可为含有季铵化N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯。含有季铵化N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯可为在烷基和亚烷基基团中具有C1至C3的季铵化(甲基)丙烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯。合适的含有季铵化N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯可选自:用氯甲烷季铵化的(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基甲酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二乙基氨基甲酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯的铵盐;以及(甲基)丙烯酸二乙基氨基丙酯的铵盐。包含季铵化的N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯可为用卤代烷、或用氯甲烷、或苄基氯、或硫酸二甲酯季铵化的丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(ADAME-Quat)。当基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺时,阳离子单体可为在烷基和亚烷基基团中具有C1至C3的季铵化二烷基氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺,或者用卤代烷、或氯甲烷、或苄基氯、或硫酸二甲酯季铵化的二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺。
合适的基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的阳离子单体包括在烷基和亚烷基基团中具有C1至C3的季铵化二烷基氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺。基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的阳离子单体可为二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺,其用卤代烷(尤其是氯甲烷)或苄基氯或硫酸二甲酯季铵化。
阳离子单体可为水解稳定的阳离子单体。除了二烷基氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺以外,水解稳定的阳离子单体还可为OECD水解测试可以认为稳定的所有单体。阳离子单体可为水解稳定的,并且水解稳定的阳离子单体可选自:二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵和水溶性阳离子苯乙烯衍生物。
阳离子共聚物可为丙烯酰胺、用氯甲烷季铵化的(甲基)丙烯酸2-二甲基铵乙酯(ADAME-Q)、和用氯甲烷季铵化的3-二甲基铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺(DIMAPA-Q)的三元共聚物。阳离子共聚物可由丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺基丙基三甲基氯化铵形成,其中丙烯酰胺基丙基三甲基氯化铵具有约1.0meq/g至约3.0meq/g的电荷密度。
阳离子共聚物可具有约1.1meq/g至约2.5meq/g、或约1.1meq/g至约2.3meq/g、或约1.2meq/g至约2.2meq/g、或约1.2meq/g至约2.1meq/g、或约1.3meq/g至约2.0meq/g、或约1.3meq/g至约1.9meq/g的电荷密度。
阳离子共聚物可具有约100,000g/mol至约1,500,000g/mol、或约300,000g/mol至约1,500,000g/mol、或约500,000g/mol至约1,500,000g/mol、或约700,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约900,000g/mol至约1,200,000g/mol的分子量。
阳离子共聚物可以为三甲基铵丙基甲基丙烯酰胺氯化物-N-丙烯酰胺共聚物,其还被称为AM:MAPTAC。AM:MAPTAC可具有约1.3meq/g的电荷密度和约1,100,000g/mol的分子量。阳离子共聚物可以为AM:ATPAC。AM:ATPAC可具有约1.8meq/g的电荷密度和约1,100,000g/mol的分子量。
(a)阳离子合成聚合物
个人护理组合物可包含可由以下形成的阳离子合成聚合物
i)一种或多种阳离子单体单元,和任选地
ii)一种或多种带有负电荷的单体单元,和/或
iii)非离子单体,
其中共聚物的随后电荷是正的。三种类型的单体的比率以“m”、“p”和“q”给出,其中“m”为阳离子单体的数目,“p”为带有负电荷的单体的数目,并且“q”为非离子单体的数目
阳离子聚合物可为具有以下结构的水溶性或水可分散的非交联并且合成的阳离子聚合物:
其中A可为以下阳离子部分中的一种或多种:
其中@=酰胺基、烷基酰胺基、酯、醚、烷基、或烷基芳基;
其中Y=C1-C22烷基、烷氧基、烷叉基、烷基、或芳氧基;
其中ψ=C1-C22烷基、烷氧基、烷基芳基、或烷基芳氧基;
其中Z=C1-C22烷基、烷氧基、芳基、或芳氧基;
其中R1=H、C1-C4直链或支链烷基;
其中s=0或1,n=0或≥1;
其中T和R7=C1-C22烷基;以及
其中X-=卤素、氢氧根、链烷醇根、硫酸根或烷基硫酸根。
其中带有负电荷的单体由以下定义:R2’=H、C1-C4直链或支链烷基,并且R3为:
其中D=O、N或S;
其中Q=NH2或O;
其中u=1至6;
其中t=0至1;以及
其中J=含有以下元素P、S、C的氧化官能团。
其中非离子单体由以下定义:R2”=H、C1-C4直链或支链烷基,R6=直链或支链烷基、烷基芳基、芳氧基、烷氧基、烷基芳氧基,并且β定义为
其中G‘和G”彼此独立地为O、S或N-H,并且L=0或1。
阳离子单体的示例包括(甲基)丙烯酸氨基烷基酯、(甲基)氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺;包含至少一个仲、叔或季铵官能团,或含有氮原子的杂环基团、乙烯胺或乙烯亚胺的单体;二烯丙基二烷基铵盐;它们的混合物、它们的盐以及从它们衍生出的大分子单体。
阳离子单体的另外示例包括(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二叔丁基氨基乙酯、二甲基氨基甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙烯亚胺、乙烯胺、2-乙烯基吡啶、4-乙烯基吡啶、(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基氯化铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基甲基硫酸铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基苄基氯化铵乙酯、丙烯酸4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基氯化铵乙酯、三甲基氯化铵乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、三甲基氯化铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵、二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵。
合适的阳离子单体包括包含式-NR3 +的季铵基团的那些,其中R相同或不同,代表氢原子、包含1至10个碳原子的烷基基团,或苄基基团,任选地带有羟基基团,并且包括阴离子(抗衡离子)。阴离子的示例为卤离子(诸如氯离子、溴离子)、硫酸根、硫酸氢根、烷基硫酸根(例如,包含1至6个碳原子)、磷酸根、柠檬酸根、甲酸根和乙酸根。
合适的阳离子单体包括(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基氯化铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基甲基硫酸铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基苄基氯化铵乙酯、丙烯酸4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基氯化铵乙酯、三甲基氯化铵乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、三甲基氯化铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵。
附加合适的阳离子单体包括三甲基氯化铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺。
带有负电荷的单体的示例包括包含磷酸根或膦酸根基团的α-烯键式不饱和单体、α-烯键式不饱和一元羧酸、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酯、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酰胺、包含磺酸基团的α-烯键式不饱和化合物、以及包含磺酸基团的α-烯键式不饱和化合物的盐。
具有负电荷的合适单体包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙烯基磺酸、乙烯基磺酸的盐、乙烯基苯磺酸、乙烯基苯磺酸的盐、α-丙烯酰胺基甲基丙磺酸、α-丙烯酰胺基甲基丙磺酸的盐、甲基丙烯酸2-磺基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-磺基乙酯的盐、丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸的盐、以及苯乙烯磺酸盐(SS)。
非离子单体的示例包括乙酸乙烯酯、α-烯键式不饱和羧酸的酰胺、具有氢化或氟化醇的α-烯键式不饱和一元羧酸的酯、聚环氧乙烷(甲基)丙烯酸酯(即,聚乙氧基化的(甲基)丙烯酸)、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酯、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酰胺、乙烯基腈、乙烯胺酰胺、乙烯醇、乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基芳族化合物。
合适的非离子单体包括苯乙烯、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、丙烯腈、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基-己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基-己酯、丙烯酸2-羟乙酯和甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯。
与合成阳离子聚合物缔合的阴离子抗衡离子(X-)可为任何已知的抗衡离子,只要聚合物在水中、在个人护理组合物中、或在个人护理组合物中的凝聚层相中保持可溶解或可分散,并且只要抗衡离子在物理和化学上与个人护理组合物的基本组分相容,或不以其它方式不当地破坏产品的性能、稳定性或美观性。此类抗衡离子的非限制性示例包括卤离子(例如,氯、氟、溴、碘)、硫酸根和甲硫酸根。
本文所述的阳离子聚合物可有助于向受损毛发,尤其是经化学处理的毛发提供替代疏水性F层。极薄的F-层在提供天然耐候性的同时有助于密封水分并防止进一步损伤。化学处理会损伤毛发表皮并且使其保护性F-层剥离。当F-层被剥离时,毛发变得日益亲水。已发现,当溶致液晶被施用到化学处理过的毛发上时,毛发在外观和感觉两者上变得更加疏水且更像天然的。不受任何理论所束缚,据信该溶致液晶复合物形成疏水层或膜,其覆盖毛发纤维并且保护毛发,如同天然的F-层保护毛发那样。疏水层恢复毛发成通常像未处理的、更健康的状态。溶致液晶通过将本文所述的合成阳离子聚合物与前述个人护理组合物的阴离子去污表面活性剂组分混合来形成。合成阳离子聚合物具有相对高的电荷密度。应当指出,一些具有相对高阳离子电荷密度的合成聚合物不形成溶致液晶,这主要是由于它们不正常的直链电荷密度。此类合成阳离子聚合物描述于授予Reich等人的WO 94/06403中。本文所述的合成聚合物可配制于稳定的个人护理组合物中,该个人护理组合物针对受损毛发提供改善的调理性能。
可形成溶致液晶的阳离子合成聚合物具有约2meq/gm至约7meq/gm,和/或约3meq/gm至约7meq/gm,和/或约4meq/gm至约7meq/gm的阳离子电荷密度。阳离子电荷密度可以为约6.2meq/gm。聚合物还具有约1,000至约5,000,000、和/或约10,000至约1,500,000、和/或约100,000至约1,500,000的M.Wt.。
提供增强调理性和有益剂沉积但无需形成溶致液晶的本发明阳离子合成聚合物可具有约0.7meq/gm至约7meq/gm,和/或约0.8meq/gm至约5meq/gm,和/或约1.0meq/gm至约3meq/gm的阳离子电荷密度。聚合物还可具有约1,000至约1,500,000、约10,000至约1,500,000和约100,000至约1,500,000的M.Wt.。
合适的阳离子纤维素聚合物为羟乙基纤维素与三甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应所得的盐,其在工业(CTFA)上被称为聚季铵盐-10,并且以它们的Polymer LR、JR和KG聚合物系列购自Dow/Amerchol Corp.(Edison,N.J.,USA)。非限制性示例包括:JR-30M、KG-30M、JP,LR-400以及它们的混合物。阳离子纤维素的其它合适类型包括羟乙基纤维素与月桂基二甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应所得的聚合季铵盐,其在工业(CTFA)上被称为聚季铵盐-24。这些材料以商品名Polymer LM-200购自Dow/Amerchol Corp.。其它合适类型的阳离子纤维素包括羟乙基纤维素与月桂基二甲基铵取代的环氧化物以及三甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应所得的聚合季铵盐,其在工业(CTFA)上被称为聚季铵盐-67。这些材料以商品名SoftCATPolymer SL-5、SoftCAT Polymer SL-30、Polymer SL-60、Polymer SL-100、Polymer SK-L、Polymer SK-M、Polymer SK-MH、和Polymer SK-H购自Dow/Amerchol Corp.。
阳离子聚合物的浓度按个人护理组合物的重量计在约0.025%至约5%、约0.1%至约3%、约0.1%至约1.2%、约0.2%至约1%、约0.6%至约0.9%的范围内。
流变聚合物
个人护理组合物可包含流变聚合物以增加组合物的粘度。可使用适宜的流变聚合物。个人护理组合物可包含约0.1%至约1.2%的流变聚合物、约0.4%至约0.8%的流变聚合物、以及约0.5%至约0.7%的流变聚合物。流变聚合物改性剂可以为聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺增稠剂。流变聚合物可以为阴离子流变聚合物。
个人护理组合物可包含流变聚合物,该流变聚合物是基于丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸或其它相关衍生物的均聚物,非限制性示例包括聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸乙酯和聚丙烯酰胺。
流变聚合物可为碱溶胀性和疏水改性的碱溶胀性丙烯酸类共聚物或甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物,非限制性示例包括丙烯酸/丙烯腈共聚物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20衣康酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/鲸蜡基聚氧乙烯醚-20衣康酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/氨基丙烯酸酯/C10-30烷基PEG-20衣康酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/氨基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/山嵛基聚氧乙烯醚-25甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20甲基丙烯酸酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/山嵛基聚氧乙烯醚-25甲基丙烯酸酯/HEMA交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/新癸酸乙烯酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/异癸酸乙烯酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/棕榈油醇聚醚-25丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺基甲基丙烷磺酸共聚物、以及丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸C10-C30烷基酯交联聚合物。流变聚合物可以是视为ASE聚合物或碱溶胀性乳液聚合物的阴离子丙烯酸类共聚物聚合物,如BASF供应商所定义。
流变聚合物可以是可溶性交联丙烯酸类聚合物,非限制性示例包括卡波姆。
流变聚合物可以是缔合聚合物增稠剂,非限制性示例包括:疏水改性的碱溶胀性乳液,非限制性示例包括疏水改性的聚丙烯酸酯;疏水改性的聚丙烯酸和疏水改性的聚丙烯酰胺;疏水改性的聚醚,其中这些材料可具有选自鲸蜡基、硬脂基、油酰基、以及它们的组合的疏水物。
流变聚合物可与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和衍生物组合使用。流变聚合物可与聚乙烯醇和衍生物组合。流变聚合物可与聚乙烯亚胺和衍生物组合。
流变聚合物可与基于藻酸的材料组合,非限制性示例包括藻酸钠和藻酸丙二醇酯。
流变聚合物可与聚氨基甲酸酯聚合物组合使用,非限制性示例包括:疏水改性的烷氧基化氨基甲酸酯聚合物,非限制性示例包括PEG-150/癸醇/SMDI共聚物、PEG-150/硬脂醇/SMDI共聚物、聚氨基甲酸酯-39。
流变聚合物可与缔合聚合物增稠剂或缔合增稠聚合物组合,非限制性示例包括:疏水改性的纤维素衍生物;以及具有10-300、30-200和40-150个重复单元的环氧乙烷重复基团的亲水部分。该类型的非限制性示例包括PEG-120-甲基葡萄糖二油酸酯、PEG–(40或60)脱水山梨糖醇四油酸酯、PEG-150季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯、PEG-55丙二醇油酸酯、PEG-150二硬脂酸酯。
流变聚合物可与纤维素和衍生物组合,非限制性示例包括微晶纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素;硝基纤维素;纤维素硫酸盐;纤维素粉末;疏水改性的纤维素。
流变聚合物可与瓜尔胶和瓜尔胶衍生物组合,非限制性示例包括羟丙基瓜尔胶和羟丙基瓜尔胶羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。
流变聚合物可与以下组合:聚环氧乙烷;聚环氧丙烷;以及POE-PPO共聚物。
流变聚合物可与由以下通式表征的聚亚烷基二醇组合:
其中R为氢、甲基、或它们的混合物,优选地氢,并且n为具有2,000-180,000、或7,000-90,000、或7,000-45,000的平均数的整数。这种类型的非限制性示例包括PEG-7M、PEG-14M、PEG-23M、PEG-25M、PEG-45M、PEG-90M、或PEG-100M。
流变聚合物可与二氧化硅组合,非限制性示例包括热解法二氧化硅、沉淀二氧化硅、和经有机硅表面处理的二氧化硅。
流变聚合物可与水溶胀性粘土组合,非限制性示例包括合成锂皂石、膨润土、蒙脱石、绿土和锂蒙脱石。
流变聚合物可与树胶组合,非限制性示例包括黄原胶、瓜尔胶、羟丙基瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、黄蓍胶、半乳聚糖、长豆角胶、刺梧桐树胶和刺槐豆胶。
流变聚合物可与以下物质组合:二亚苄基山梨醇、卡拉根(karaggenan)、果胶、琼脂、温柏树籽(榅桲子)、淀粉(来自稻米、玉米、马铃薯、小麦等)、淀粉衍生物(例如羧甲基淀粉、甲基羟丙基淀粉)、藻类提取物、右旋糖酐、琥珀酰葡聚糖和普鲁兰(pulleran)。
流变聚合物的非限制性示例包括丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸铵共聚物(和)聚异丁烯(和)聚山梨酸酯20;丙烯酰胺/丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸钠共聚物/异十六烷/聚山梨酸酯80、丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸铵/VP共聚物、丙烯酸钠/丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸钠共聚物、丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-4、丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-3、丙烯酸酯/山嵛基聚氧乙烯醚-25甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸C10-C30烷基酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20衣康酸酯共聚物、聚丙烯酸铵/异十六烷/PEG-40蓖麻油;卡波姆、卡波姆钠、交联的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚丙烯酰胺/C13-14异链烷烃/月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-7、聚丙烯酸酯13/聚异丁烯/聚山梨酸酯20、聚丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-6、聚酰胺-3、聚季铵盐-37(和)氢化聚癸烯(和)十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-6、丙烯酰胺/丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸钠/丙烯酸共聚物、丙烯酸钠/丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸盐/二甲基丙烯酰胺、交联聚合物(和)异十六烷(和)聚山梨酸酯60、聚丙烯酸钠。示例性可商购获得的流变聚合物包括:ACULYNTM28、ACULYNTM88、ACULYNTM33、ACULYNTM22、ACULYNTMExcel、Aqua SF-1、ETD 2020、Ultrez 20、Ultrez 21、Ultrez 10、Ultrez30、1342、Aqua SF-2聚合物、SepigelTM305、SimulgelTM600、Sepimax Zen、SMART 1000、TTA、SC-Plus、PLUS、AVC、Stabylen 30、以及它们的组合。
1.水混溶性溶剂
个人护理组合物的载体可包括水和以下的水溶液:低级烷基醇、多元醇、具有3至4个碳原子的酮、C1-C6醇的C1-C6酯、亚砜、酰胺、碳酸酯、乙氧基化和丙氧基化C1-C10醇、内酯、吡咯烷酮、以及它们的混合物。非限制性低级烷基醇为具有1个至6个碳的一元醇,诸如乙醇和异丙醇。可用于本文的多元醇的非限制性示例包括丙二醇、二丙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇、甘油、丙二醇、以及它们的混合物。
在本发明中,个人护理组合物可包含水溶助长剂/粘度调节剂,其为低级烷基苯磺酸盐的碱金属盐或铵盐,诸如二甲苯磺酸钠、异丙基苯磺酸钠或甲苯磺酸钠。
在本发明中,个人护理组合物可包含有机硅/PEG-8有机硅/PEG-9有机硅/PEG-n有机硅/有机硅醚(n可为另一个整数),非限制性示例包括PEG8-聚二甲基硅氧烷A208)MW855、PEG 8聚二甲基硅氧烷D208 MW 2706。
C.头皮健康剂
在本发明中,除了通过表面活性剂可溶性去头皮屑剂提供的抗真菌/去头皮屑功效之外,还可添加一种或多种头皮健康剂以提供头皮有益效果。该组物质是变化的,并且提供广泛范围的有益效果,包括保湿、阻隔改善、抗真菌、抗微生物和抗氧化剂、抗痒和感觉剂,以及附加的去头皮屑剂。此类头皮健康剂包括但不限于:维生素E和F、水杨酸、烟酰胺、咖啡因、泛醇、氧化锌、碳酸锌、碱式碳酸锌、二醇、乙醇酸、PCA、PEG、赤藓醇、甘油、三氯生、乳酸酯、透明质酸酯、尿囊素和其它脲、甜菜碱、山梨醇、谷氨酸酯、木糖醇、薄荷醇、乳酸薄荷酯、异环酮、苄醇、包含以下结构的化合物:
R1选自H、烷基、氨基烷基、烷氧基;
Q=H2、O、-OR1、-N(R1)2、-OPO(OR1)x、-PO(OR1)x、-P(OR1)x,
其中x=1-2;
V=NR1、O、-OPO(OR1)x、-PO(OR1)x、-P(OR1)x,其中x=1-2;
W=H2、O;
对于n=0,X、Y=独立地选自H、芳基、萘基;
对于n≥1,X、Y=脂族CH2或芳族CH,并且Z选自脂族CH2、芳族CH或杂原子;
A=低级烷氧基、低级烷硫基、芳基、取代的芳基或稠合芳基;以及
立体化学能够在标记*的位置处变化。
以及天然提取物/油,包括薄荷油、留兰香、摩洛哥坚果油、霍霍巴油和芦荟。
D.任选成分
在本发明中,个人护理组合物还可包含一种或多种任选成分,包括有益剂。合适的有益剂包括但不限于调理剂、阳离子聚合物有机硅乳液、去头皮屑剂、凝胶网络、螯合剂、以及天然油脂诸如葵花油或蓖麻油。另外合适的任选成分包括但不限于香料、香料微胶囊、着色剂、颗粒、抗微生物剂、泡沫抑制剂、抗静电剂、流变改性剂和增稠剂、悬浮材料和结构剂、pH调节剂和缓冲剂、防腐剂、珠光剂、溶剂、稀释剂、抗氧化剂、维生素、以及它们的组合。在本发明中,香料可以约0.5%至约7%存在。
此类任选成分应在物理和化学上与组合物的组分相容,并且不应以其它方式不当地破坏产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。《CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook》第十版(由Cosmetic、Toiletry和Fragrance Association公司公布,华盛顿)(2004)(下文称为“CTFA”)描述了各种各样可加入到本文组合物中的非限制性材料。
1.调理剂
个人护理组合物的调理剂可为有机硅调理剂。有机硅调理剂可包含挥发性有机硅、非挥发性有机硅、或它们的组合。有机硅调理剂的浓度通常在按组合物的重量计约0.01%至约10%、约0.1%至约8%、约0.1%至约5%、和/或约0.2%至约3%的范围内。合适的有机硅调理剂和用于有机硅的任选悬浮剂的非限制性示例描述于美国再公告专利34,584、美国专利5,104,646和美国专利5,106,609中,这些专利以引用方式并入本文。
用于本发明组合物中的有机硅调理剂可具有如在25C下测量的约20至约2,000,000厘沲(“csk”)、约1,000至约1,800,000csk、约10,000至约1,500,000csk、和/或约20,000至约1,500,000csk的粘度。
分散的有机硅调理剂颗粒通常具有在约0.01微米至约60微米范围内的体积平均粒径。对于施用于毛发的小颗粒,体积平均粒径通常在约0.01微米至约4微米、约0.01微米至约2微米、约0.01微米至约0.5微米的范围内。
包括论述有机硅流体、硅橡胶纯胶料和有机硅树脂以及有机硅制造的各章节在内的有关有机硅的附加资料可参见Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering,第15卷,第2版,第204-308页,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.(1989),该文献以引用方式并入本文。
适用于本发明的有机硅乳液可包括但不限于根据美国专利6,316,541或美国专利4,476,282或美国专利申请公布2007/0276087中提供的描述制得的不溶性聚硅氧烷乳液。因此,合适的不溶性聚硅氧烷包括聚硅氧烷,诸如α,ω-羟基封端的聚硅氧烷或α,ω-烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷,其具有约5csk至约500,000csk的内相粘度。例如,不溶性聚硅氧烷可具有小于400,000csk,优选地小于200,000csk,更优选地约10,000csk至约180,000csk的内相粘度。不溶性聚硅氧烷可具有在约10nm至约10微米范围内的平均粒度。平均粒度可在约15nm至约5微米,约20nm至约1微米,或约25nm至约500nm的范围内。
不溶性聚硅氧烷的平均分子量、不溶性聚硅氧烷的内相粘度、有机硅乳液的粘度、和包含不溶性聚硅氧烷的颗粒的尺寸由本领域技术人员常用的方法测定,诸如公开于Smith,A.L.的The Analytical Chemistry of Silicones,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.:NewYork,1991中的方法。例如,有机硅乳液的粘度可在30℃下用Brookfield粘度计和锭子6以2.5rpm来测量。有机硅乳液还可包括附加乳化剂以及阴离子表面活性剂。
适用于本发明组合物中的其它类型的有机硅包括但不限于:i)有机硅流体,包括但不限于有机硅油,其为具有如在25℃下测量的小于约1,000,000csk的粘度的可流动材料;ii)氨基硅氧烷,该氨基硅氧烷包含至少一个伯胺、仲胺或叔胺;iii)阳离子有机硅,该阳离子有机硅包含至少一个季铵官能团;iv)硅橡胶纯胶料;该硅橡胶纯胶料包括具有在25℃测量的大于或等于1,000,000csk的粘度的材料;v)有机硅树脂,该有机硅树脂包括高度交联的聚合硅氧烷体系;vi)高折射率有机硅,该高折射率有机硅具有至少1.46的折射率,以及vii)它们的混合物。
本发明的个人护理组合物的调理剂还可包含单独或与其他调理剂诸如上述有机硅组合的至少一种有机调理材料诸如油或蜡。有机材料可以是非聚合的、低聚的或聚合的。它可为油或蜡的形式,并且可以纯制剂或以预乳化形式添加。有机调理材料的一些非限制性示例包括但不限于:i)烃油;ii)聚烯烃;iii)脂肪酯;iv)氟化调理化合物;v)脂肪醇;vi)烷基葡糖苷和烷基葡糖苷衍生物;vii)季铵化合物;viii)具有至多约2,000,000的分子量的聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇,包括具有CTFA名称PEG-200、PEG-400、PEG-600、PEG-1000、PEG-2M、PEG-7M、PEG-14M、PEG-45M的那些、以及它们的混合物。
凝胶网络
在本发明中,可存在凝胶网络。本发明的凝胶网络组分包含至少一种脂族两亲物。如本文所用,“脂族两亲物”是指具有疏水性尾部基团和亲水性头部基团的化合物,该疏水性尾部基团被定义为C12-C70长度的烷基、烯基(包含至多3个双键)、烷基芳族或支链烷基基团,该亲水性头部基团使化合物不溶于水,其中该化合物在洗发剂组合物的pH下还具有净电中性。
本发明的洗发剂组合物包含作为预成形的分散的凝胶网络相一部分的脂族两亲物,其量为按所述洗发剂组合物的重量计约0.05%至约14%,优选地约0.5%至约10%,并且更优选地约1%至约8%。
根据本发明,适宜的脂族两亲物或两种或更多种脂族两亲物的适宜混合物具有至少约27℃的熔点。如本文所用,熔点可通过如U.S.Pharmacopeia,USP-NF General Chapter<741>“Melting range or temperature”中所述的标准熔点方法进行测量。通过将两种或更多种材料在高于各自熔点的温度下混合,然后使该混合物冷却,来确定两种或更多种材料的混合物的熔点。如果所得复合材料在低于约27℃下为均匀的固体,则混合物具有适用于本发明的熔点。两种或更多种脂族两亲物的混合物也适用于本发明,前提条件是混合物的复合熔点为至少约27℃,其中混合物包含至少一种独立熔点小于约27℃的脂族两亲物。
本发明的适宜脂族两亲物包括脂肪醇、烷氧基化脂肪醇、脂肪酚、烷氧基化脂肪酚、脂肪酰胺、烷氧基化脂肪酰胺、脂肪胺、脂肪烷基酰胺基烷基胺、脂肪烷氧基化胺、脂肪氨基甲酸酯、脂肪胺氧化物、脂肪酸、烷氧基化脂肪酸、脂肪二酯、脂肪脱水山梨糖醇酯、脂肪糖酯、甲基葡糖苷酯、脂肪乙二醇酯、甘油一酯、甘油二酯和甘油三酯、聚甘油脂肪酯、烷基甘油基醚、丙二醇脂肪酸酯、胆固醇、神经酰胺、脂肪有机硅蜡、脂肪葡萄糖酰胺和磷脂以及它们的混合物。
在本发明中,洗发剂组合物可包含脂肪醇凝胶网络。这些凝胶网络通过将脂肪醇与表面活性剂以约1:1至约40:1、约2:1至约20:1、和/或约3:1至约10:1的比率混合来形成。凝胶网络的形成涉及将脂肪醇在水中的分散体与表面活性剂加热至高于脂肪醇的熔点的温度。在混合过程期间,脂肪醇熔融,从而允许表面活性剂能够分隔成脂肪醇液滴。表面活性剂将水与其一起携带到脂肪醇中。这使各向同性的脂肪醇滴剂变成液晶相滴剂。当将混合物冷却至低于链熔融温度时,液晶相转变成固体结晶凝胶网络。凝胶网络向美容霜膏和毛发调理剂提供稳定有益效果。此外,它们还递送毛发调理剂的调理感觉有益效果。
脂肪醇可以按重量计约0.05重量%至约14重量%的含量包含于脂肪醇凝胶网络中。例如,脂肪醇的含量可在约1重量%至约10重量%,和/或约6重量%至约8重量%范围内。
可用于本文的脂肪醇包括具有约10至约40个碳原子,约12至约22个碳原子,约16至约22个碳原子,或约16至约18个碳原子的那些。这些脂肪醇可为直链醇或支链醇,并且可为饱和或不饱和的。脂肪醇的非限制性示例包括鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇、山嵛醇、以及它们的混合物。比率为约20:80至约80:20的鲸蜡醇和硬脂醇的混合物是合适的。
凝胶网络制备:向容器中装入水并且将水加热至约74℃。将鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇和SLES表面活性剂添加到受热的水中。掺入之后,使所得混合物穿过换热器,其中将混合物冷却至约35℃。冷却后,脂肪醇和表面活性剂结晶以形成结晶的凝胶网络。表1提供了示例凝胶网络组合物的组分和它们相应的量。
表1
凝胶网络组分
2.乳化剂
在本发明的个人护理组合物中可使用多种阴离子和非离子乳化剂。阴离子和非离子乳化剂在性质上可为单体或聚合物。例如,单体示例包括但不限于烷基乙氧基化物、烷基硫酸盐、皂和脂肪酸酯、以及它们的衍生物。经由说明并不受限制,聚合物的示例包括聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇和嵌段共聚物、以及它们的衍生物。天然存在的乳化剂如羊毛脂、卵磷脂和木质素以及它们的衍生物也是可用乳化剂的非限制性示例。
3.螯合剂
个人护理组合物还可包含螯合剂。合适的螯合剂包括A E Martell&R M Smith的Critical Stability Constants第1卷(Plenum Press,New York&London(1974))和A EMartell&R D Hancock的Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution(Plenum Press,NewYork&London(1996))中所列的那些,将两篇文献以引用方式并入本文。当涉及螯合剂时,术语“它们的盐及衍生物”是指具有与它们所涉及的螯合剂相同官能结构(例如相同化学主链)以及具有相似或更好螯合特性的盐和衍生物。该术语包括具有酸性部分的螯合剂的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐、铵盐、取代的铵(即单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇铵)盐、酯、以及它们的混合物,尤其是所有的钠盐、钾盐或铵盐。术语“衍生物”还包括“螯合表面活性剂”化合物,诸如美国专利5,284,972中例示的那些,以及包含一个或多个具有与母体螯合剂相同官能结构的螯合基团的大分子诸如美国专利5,747,440中公开的聚合物EDDS(乙二胺二琥珀酸)。
螯合剂可以按所述组合物的总重量计0.001%至10.0%,优选地0.01%至2.0%范围内的量掺入本文的组合物中。
非限制性螯合剂类别包括羧酸、氨基羧酸,其包括氨基酸、磷酸、膦酸、多膦酸、聚乙烯亚胺、多官能取代的芳族化合物、它们的衍生物和盐。
非限制性螯合剂包括下列物质和它们的盐。乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、乙二胺三乙酸、乙二胺-N,N'-二琥珀酸(EDDS)、乙二胺-N,N'-二戊二酸(EDDG)、水杨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙二酸、组氨酸、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸盐(DTPA)、N-羟乙基乙二胺三乙酸盐、次氮基三乙酸盐、乙二胺四丙酸盐、三亚乙基四胺六乙酸盐、乙醇基二甘氨酸、丙二胺四乙酸盐(PDTA)、甲基甘氨酸二乙酸(MODAA)、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸、甲基甘氨酸二乙酸(MGDA)、N-酰基-N,N',N'-乙二胺三乙酸、次氮基三乙酸、乙二胺二戊二酸(EDGA)、2-羟基丙二胺二琥珀酸(HPDS)、甘氨酰胺-N,N'-二琥珀酸(GADS)、2-羟基丙二胺-N-N'-二琥珀酸(HPDDS)、N-2-羟乙基-N,N-二乙酸、甘油亚氨基二乙酸、亚氨基二乙酸-N-2-羟丙基磺酸、天冬氨酸N-羧甲基-N-2-羟丙基-3-磺酸、丙氨酸-N,N'-二乙酸、天冬氨酸-N,N'-二乙酸、天冬氨酸N-一乙酸、亚氨基二琥珀酸、二胺-N,N'-二多元酸、单酰胺-N,N'-二多元酸、二氨基烷基二(磺基琥珀酸)(DDS)、乙二胺-N-N'-双(邻羟基苯基乙酸)、N,N'-双(2-羟基苄基)乙二胺-N,N'-二乙酸、乙二胺四丙酸盐、三亚乙基四胺六乙酸盐、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸盐、吡啶二羧酸、亚乙基二半胱氨酸(EDC)、乙二胺-N,N'-双(2-羟基苯乙酸)(EDDHA)、谷氨酸二乙酸(GLDA)、六腺苷酸氨基羧酸盐(HBED)、聚乙烯亚胺、1-羟基二膦酸盐、氨基三(亚甲基膦酸)(ATMP)、次氮基三亚甲基膦酸盐(NTP)、乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸盐、二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸盐(DTPMP)、乙烷-1-羟基二膦酸盐(HEDP)、2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸、多磷酸、三聚磷酸钠、二磷酸四钠、六偏磷酸、偏磷酸钠、膦酸及其衍生物、氨基亚烷基-聚(亚烷基膦酸)、氨基三(1-乙基膦酸)、乙二胺四(1-乙基膦酸)、氨基三(1-丙基膦酸)、氨基三(异丙基膦酸)、乙二胺四(亚甲基膦酸)(EDTMP)、1,2-二羟基-3,5-二磺基苯。
含水载体
个人护理组合物可为可倾倒液体的形式(环境条件下)。因此,此类组合物将通常包含载体,该载体以按个人护理组合物的重量计约40%至约85%、或者约45%至约80%、或者约50%至约75%的含量存在。载体可包含水,或水和有机溶剂的可混溶混合物,并且在一个方面,可包含水与最小或不显著浓度的有机溶剂,除了另外作为其它必要或任选组分的微量成分附带地掺入组合物中的那些。
可用于本发明的个人护理组合物中的载体可包括水以及低级烷基醇和多元醇的水溶液。可用于本文的低级烷基醇是具有1至6个碳的一元醇,在一个方面,为乙醇和异丙醇。可用于本文的示例性多元醇包括丙二醇、己二醇、甘油和丙烷二醇。
G.泡沫分配器
本文所述的个人护理组合物可在泡沫分配器中提供。泡沫分配器可以为气溶胶泡沫分配器。气溶胶泡沫分配器可包含用于保持个人护理处理组合物的贮存器。贮存器可由任何合适的材料制得,所述材料选自由以下组成的组:塑料、金属、合金、层合体以及它们的组合。贮存器可一次性使用。贮存器可从气溶胶泡沫分配器中取出。另选地,贮存器可与气溶胶泡沫分配器成一体。并且,可存在两个或更多个贮存器。
泡沫分配器也可以为机械泡沫分配器。所述机械泡沫分配器可选自由以下组成的组:挤压泡沫分配器、泵泡沫分配器、其他机械泡沫分配器、以及它们的组合。机械泡沫分配器可以为挤压泡沫分配器。合适的泵分配器的非限制性示例包括WO 2004/078903、WO2004/078901和WO 2005/078063中描述的那些,并且可由Albea(60Electric Ave.、Thomaston、CT 06787USA)或Rieke Packaging Systems(500West Seventh St.,Auburn,Indiana 46706)提供。
机械泡沫分配器可包含用于保持个人护理处理组合物的贮存器。贮存器可由任何合适的材料制得,所述材料选自由以下组成的组:塑料、金属、合金、层合体以及它们的组合。贮存器可以是可再填充的贮存器,例如浇注或旋入式贮存器,或者贮存器可以是一次性使用的。贮存器也可从机械泡沫分配器移除。另选地,贮存器可与机械泡沫分配器成一体。并且,可存在两个或更多个贮存器。
贮存器可由选自由刚性材料、柔性材料以及它们的组合组成的组的材料构成。当对贮存器施加内部部分真空时,如果其在外部大气压下不塌缩,则贮存器可由刚性材料组成。
H.产品形式
本发明的个人护理组合物可呈现为典型的个人护理制剂形式。它们可为溶液、分散体、乳液、粉剂、滑石、封装体、球体、海绵、固体剂型、泡沫、以及其它递送机制的形式。本发明的组合物可为生发油、免洗型毛发产品诸如处理物、以及定型产品、洗去型毛发产品诸如洗发剂和个人清洁产品、以及处理产品;以及可施用到毛发的任何其它形式。
I.施用装置
在本发明中,个人护理组合物可从施用装置分配以直接分配到头皮区域。经由定向递送施用装置直接分配到头皮上能够在清洁需求最高的地方直接沉积未稀释的清洁剂。这也使眼睛与清洁溶液接触的风险最小化。
施用装置附接或可附接到包含清洁个人护理组合物的瓶子上。施用装置可由容纳或延伸到单个或多个尖齿的基部组成。尖齿具有开口,所述开口可位于顶端、基部或顶端和基部之间的任何点处。这些开口允许产品从瓶中直接分配到毛发和/或头皮上。
另选地,施用装置也可由附接到基部或从基部延伸的刷状刷毛组成。在这种情况下,产品将从基部分配,并且刷毛将允许经由梳理或刷洗运动进行产品分配。
施用装置和尖齿设计和材料也可被优化以实现头皮按摩。在这种情况下,有利地是在顶端处的尖齿或刷毛几何形状更圆,类似于用于眼霜的滚珠施用装置。材料更光滑和更软也可能是有益的;例如,金属或金属样涂饰剂,“橡胶状材料”。
J.方法
粘度测量
可使用具有锥C75-1的锥板式Brookfield RS流变仪在2s-1的恒定剪切速率,27℃下在3分钟时对于2.5mL样品测量洗发剂粘度。
本发明的个人护理组合物可具有>约5000cps(厘泊)的粘度;该个人护理组合物可具有约5000至约20000cps的粘度;该个人护理组合物可具有约6000至约15000cps的粘度;该个人护理组合物可具有约7000至约10000cps的粘度。
测试方法
体内头皮沉积
通过用包含去头皮屑活性物质的组合物例如根据本发明的组合物洗涤个体毛发,来测量去头皮屑活性物质的头皮上沉积。受过训练的美容师将计量施用5g液体洗发剂对照到专门小组成员头皮的一半上,并且根据常规洗涤方案进行洗涤。然后将5g测试洗发剂计量施用到专门小组成员头部的另一半上,并根据常规洗涤方案进行洗涤。然后头皮区域上的毛发分开,以允许末端开放的玻璃量筒能够保留在表面上,同时添加提取溶液的等分试样,并且搅拌,然后回收,并且由常规方法诸如HPLC分析测定去头皮屑活性物质含量。
活性物质沉积的测量
通过HPLC测量乙醇提取溶剂中的试剂浓度。通过参照标准曲线进行定量。通过使用浓度乘以体积,将通过HPLC检测到的浓度转化为以克为单位收集的量。
沉积效率可使用以下公式计算:在每种情况下提取的头皮的面积保持恒定:
沉积效率的样品计算,其中:
由实施例配方沉积的ZPT的质量=1.0ug
由对照配方沉积的ZPT的质量=0.5ug
沉积效率=2X
体内真菌功效测试
来自所有测试组的受试者将具有针对测量头皮马拉色菌的基线头皮拭子。受试者将采取一个或多个测试产品,并且将在整周中按照指导来使用测试产品。测试在第2周结束,其中专门小组成员被拭抹并收集样品。经由qPCR自头皮表面拭子量化马拉色菌。马拉色菌跨时间的量变化将被报告为随时间的真菌减少。
沉积对照物的制备
通过在硫酸化的表面活性剂中用吡啶硫酮锌和碳酸锌产生制剂来制备沉积对照组合物。将制剂调节至约pH 7。例如,如实施例J所示的制剂是针对测试组合物A至I的沉积对照和真菌功效测试组合物。
非限制性示例
通过常规的配制方法和混和方法可制备以下实施例中举例说明的洗发剂组合物。除非另外指明,否则所有例示量以活性物质重量百分比列出,除了微量物质以外,诸如稀释剂、防腐剂、有色溶液、假想成分、植物药物等。
实施例洗发剂组合物的制备
通过在充分搅拌下将表面活性剂、聚合物、去头皮屑活性物质、防腐剂和剩余的水混合,以确保均匀混合物,来制备示例性清洁组合物。可将混合物加热至65-75℃以加速表面活性剂的溶解,然后冷却。然后根据需要调节产品的pH,以形成增稠并从而产生大约5-7的pH。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或以其它方式限制,本文中引用的每一篇文献,包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请以及本申请对其要求优先权或其有益效果的任何专利申请或专利,均据此全文以引用方式并入本文。对任何文献的引用不是对其作为与本发明的任何所公开或本文受权利要求书保护的现有技术的认可,或不是对其自身或与任何一个或多个参考文献的组合提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外,当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出各种其他变化和修改。因此,本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。
关键
其它实施例
关键
结果/讨论
已经认定,在pH为5.0的情况下,分别为2%ZPT和1%ZPT的配方A和B导致6X和3X沉积(相对于增效对照配方J)。配方A的所得功效显著上升(相对于增效对照配方J)。这被认定配方A在2%ZPT的更高浓度下并且所得6X沉积被转换为源自消费者头皮拭子的真菌减少显著增加。在3X沉积效率下的配方B仅导致同等于增效对照配方J。这指示需要3X的非增效沉积ZPT来达到增效ZPT配方对照物J的效果。
配方C和D自ZPT浓度相当于A和B,但所得最终pH不同。配方A和B的pH为5并且配方C和D的pH为5.8。所得pH变化导致配方A在pH 5下沉积显著增加达6X,并且配方C在pH 5.8下达8X。对于1%ZPT的配方B和D中存在相同的沉积趋势,配方B在pH 5下显示3X沉积,并且配方D在pH 5.8下显示4X沉积。这经由提高pH而导致沉积增加是令人惊讶的,因为预期假设更低的pH、更多的质子化(这增加了阴离子聚合物的增稠和粘合性质)有助于带负电的ZPT更有效地沉积。
含有在0.25%下的较少阳离子聚合物聚季铵盐-10的配方E显示出3X的较少沉积(相对于0.6%的配方A)。尽管观察到配方E的所得真菌功效导致显著上升,但其类似于配方A结果(相对于增效对照物)。总体配方E在配方A的真菌功效中类似。这也令人惊讶,因为预期沉积水平将与真菌功效相关,但似乎不是这种情况。此结果指示,可经由配方E中的更低阳离子聚合物水平产生的所得相可以提供比配方A更多的生物可用ZPT。
在0.7%下不含阳离子聚合物和低阴离子聚合物的配方F显示出0.3X的显著减少沉积。此结果类似于0.6X的商业无硫酸盐市场配方B1,其指示不存在阳离子聚合物的反向成分标签列表,并且类似于含有合成聚合物聚季铵盐-39的商业无硫酸盐市场配方C1。这突出显示了阳离子聚合物和阴离子聚合物在ZPT非增效制剂中是必需的,以沉积显著水平的ZPT,这将导致真菌功效类似于增效ZPT制剂。其还指示阳离子聚合物诸如聚季铵盐-10或瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(它们非常亲水)是更好的阳离子聚合物选项(相对于合成的更疏水聚合物诸如聚季铵盐-39)。
当低分子量~500K MW和0.7meq/g电荷密度阳离子聚合物瓜尔胶以0.6%存在时,配方G导致0.6X沉积。由于观察到的沉积量低,故此制剂G将预期不太有效(相对于增效对照物)。尽管可以假设将该~500k MW阳离子聚合物的浓度增加到约1.2%将使ZPT沉积增加到至少3X沉积效率。这与先前观察结果、配方A和D比较结果一致,从而增加阳离子聚合物的浓度将增加活性物质的头皮沉积。当更高分子量~1.8Mil MW和0.7meq/g电荷密度阳离子聚合物纤维素以0.6%存在时,配方H导致3X沉积。当高分子量~800K MW和1.5meq/g电荷密度时,配方I导致7X沉积。这些结果指示,亲水高分子量阳离子聚合物和中至高电荷密度(0.7-1.5meq/g)对于ZPT向头皮和毛发的沉积增加很重要。结果还加强了阳离子聚合物的浓度增加还将增加ZPT向头皮和毛发的沉积。
在本发明中,当与增效对照物相比时,在个人护理组合物中可能存在更大或等于3X的沉积效率。
在本发明中,当与2%头皮活性物质相比时,1%的头皮活性物质导致相等或更大的沉积效率。
消费者测试方法1.实施例D相对于不含硫酸盐的相当物C1的比较结果
系列单一测试,2个小组各自使用2周。每个小组之后的问卷在结束处加上偏好。
募集认为本身遭受轻度、中度或严重头皮屑的消费者。消费者也必须是不含硫酸盐的使用者。测试不带品牌。募集了大约200个专门小组成员的50/50男性和女性组。所测试的洗发剂包括实施例D和相当物C1。在90%和80%置信度下分析数据。
与含有相同水平的1%下AD活性物质的不含硫酸盐去头皮屑洗发剂的C1相当物相比,不含硫酸盐去头皮屑洗发剂的实施例D显示出对关于总体偏好、清洁、头皮健康、瘙痒、顺滑以及有效头皮护理的问题的显著消费者响应。这些是在实施例D中去头皮屑活性物质沉积增加递送明显消费者头皮有益效果(相对于具有相同水平AD活性物质的相当市售不含硫酸盐去头皮屑洗发剂)的所有迹象。
*置信区间从报告数据中得出
消费者测试方法2.不含硫酸盐的实施例D相对于增效市售对照产品相当物D1
系列单一“配对”测试(完整的块设计),各自使用2周,每个产品使用后评估,并且在结束处设置偏好子集。募集了大约100个小组成员的50/50男性和女性组。这仅在去头皮屑洗发剂上下文中。基于过去3个月内的去头皮屑产品的使用者募集消费者。在90%和80%置信度下分析数据。
当与具有1%ZPT浓度的硫酸化去头皮屑洗发剂的增效D1相当物相比,具有1%ZPT浓度的不含硫酸盐去头皮屑洗发剂的实施例D在消费者评估中导致同等于对关于整体评级、清洁、头皮健康、温和以及有效头皮护理的问题的显著消费者响应。这些是在实施例D中去头皮屑活性物质沉积增加至少相当于消费者头皮有益效果显著上升(相对于增效硫酸化去头皮屑洗发剂)的所有迹象。
在实施例中,除非另外指明,否则所有浓度均以重量百分比列出,并且可排除次要材料,诸如稀释剂、填充剂等。因此,所列的制剂包含所列的组分以及与此类组分相关联的任何次要材料。这些微量组分的选择将根据所选以制备个人护理组合物的具体成分的物理和化学特征而变化,这对本领域中的普通技术人员是显而易见的。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
本发明的具体实施方式中所引用的所有文件的相关部分均以引用方式并入本文;对于任何文件的引用均不应当被解释为承认其是有关本发明的现有技术。当本文件中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文件中相同术语的任何含义或定义相冲突时,应当服从在本文件中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
尽管已说明和描述了本发明的具体描述,但对于本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,在不背离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出各种其它的变化和修改。因此,本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。
Claims (15)
1.一种个人护理组合物,所述个人护理组合物包含:
a)15%至22%的一种或多种不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂,优选地其中一种或多种表面活性剂为16%至20%,优选地其中一种或多种表面活性剂为17%至20%,优选地其中所述一种或多种不含硫酸盐的表面活性剂选自由以下组成的组:羟乙基磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐:磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;醚磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;磺基琥珀酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;磺基乙酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;甘氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;肌氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;谷氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;丙氨酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;羧酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;牛磺酸盐的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;磷酸酯的钠盐、铵盐或钾盐;以及它们的组合;
b)0.1%至10%的一种或多种头皮活性物质,优选地2%至5%,优选地1%至2%;
c)0.1%至1.2%的阳离子聚合物,所述阳离子聚合物具有在50,000至小于或等于1,800,000范围内的分子量以及0.5至1.7meq/g的电荷密度;
d)0.1%至1.2%的流变改性剂,优选地0.4%至0.8%,优选地0.5%至0.7%;并且
所述个人护理组合物具有5至7的pH并且具有>5000cps的粘度。
2.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中当与增效对照物相比时,存在更大或等于3X的沉积效率。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中当与2%头皮活性物质相比时,1%的头皮活性物质导致相等或更大的沉积效率。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述流变改性剂选自由以下组成的组:基于丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸或其它相关衍生物的均聚物、碱溶胀性和疏水改性的碱溶胀性丙烯酸类共聚物或甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、可溶性交联丙烯酸类聚合物、缔合聚合物增稠剂以及它们的混合物,优选地其中所述流变改性剂为碱溶胀性乳液聚合物,优选地其中所述流变改性剂选自由以下组成的组:聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸乙酯和聚丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸/丙烯腈共聚物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20衣康酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/鲸蜡基聚氧乙烯醚-20衣康酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/氨基丙烯酸酯/C10-30烷基PEG-20衣康酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/氨基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/山嵛基聚氧乙烯醚-25甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20甲基丙烯酸酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/山嵛基聚氧乙烯醚-25甲基丙烯酸酯/HEMA交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/新癸酸乙烯酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/异癸酸乙烯酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/棕榈油醇聚醚-25丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺基甲基丙烷磺酸共聚物、以及丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸C10-C30烷基酯交联聚合物、卡波姆、疏水改性的聚丙烯酸酯;疏水改性的聚丙烯酸、疏水改性的聚丙烯酰胺;疏水改性的聚醚,其中这些材料可具有选自鲸蜡基、硬脂基、油酰基、以及它们的组合的疏水物、丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸铵共聚物(和)聚异丁烯(和)聚山梨酸酯20;丙烯酰胺/丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸钠共聚物/异十六烷/聚山梨酸酯80、丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸铵/VP共聚物、丙烯酸钠/丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸钠共聚物、丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-4、丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-3、丙烯酸酯/山嵛基聚氧乙烯醚-25甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸C10-C30烷基酯交联聚合物、丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20衣康酸酯共聚物、聚丙烯酸铵/异十六烷/PEG-40蓖麻油;卡波姆钠、交联的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚丙烯酰胺/C13-14异链烷烃/月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-7、聚丙烯酸酯13/聚异丁烯/聚山梨酸酯20、聚丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-6、聚酰胺-3、聚季铵盐-37(和)氢化聚癸烯(和)十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-6、丙烯酰胺/丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸钠/丙烯酸共聚物、丙烯酸钠/丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸盐/二甲基丙烯酰胺、交联聚合物(和)异十六烷(和)聚山梨酸酯60、聚丙烯酸钠。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述流变聚合物与由以下组成的组中的一者或多者组合:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和衍生物、聚乙烯醇和衍生物、聚乙烯亚胺和衍生物、基于藻酸的材料、聚氨基甲酸酯聚合物、缔合聚合物增稠剂、纤维素和衍生物、瓜尔胶和瓜尔胶衍生物、聚环氧乙烷;聚环氧丙烷;以及POE-PPO共聚物、聚亚烷基二醇、二氧化硅、水溶胀性粘土、树胶、二亚苄基山梨醇、卡拉根(karaggenan)、果胶、琼脂、温柏树籽(榅桲子)、淀粉、淀粉衍生物、藻类提取物、右旋糖酐、琥珀酰葡聚糖和普鲁兰(pulleran)以及它们的混合物。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述阳离子聚合物以0.2%至1%存在,优选地其中所述阳离子聚合物以0.6%至0.9%存在。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述阳离子聚合物具有100,000至1,000,000的分子量,优选地其中所述阳离子聚合物具有500,000至1,200,000的分子量。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述阳离子聚合物具有0.6至1.2meq/g的电荷密度,优选地其中所述阳离子聚合物具有0.8至1.0meq/g的电荷密度。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,所述个人护理组合物还包含0.25%至15%的一种或多种两性辅助表面活性剂、非离子辅助表面活性剂或两性离子辅助表面活性剂。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述头皮活性物质为吡啶硫酮盐、唑类、硫化硒;微粒硫;角质层分离剂以及它们的混合物,优选地其中所述头皮活性物质为吡啶硫酮盐,优选地其中所述头皮活性物质为吡啶硫酮的金属盐,优选地其中所述头皮活性物质为吡啶硫酮锌,优选地其中所述头皮活性物质为羟基吡啶,优选地其中所述羟基吡啶为羟吡酮,优选地其中所述头皮活性物质为唑类,优选地其中所述头皮活性物质为氯咪巴唑。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述组合物的pH为5.5至6.5,优选地其中所述组合物的pH为5.8至6。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述组合物还包含凝胶网络。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,其中所述组合物还包含调理剂,优选地其中所述调理剂为有机硅。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,所述个人护理组合物还包含一种或多种头皮健康剂,优选地其中所述头皮健康剂为水杨酸,优选地其中所述头皮健康剂为薄荷醇和/或乳酸薄荷酯。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人护理组合物,所述个人护理组合物还包含0.5%至7%的香料。
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MX2022005533A (es) | 2022-06-08 |
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