JP4829882B2 - アントラニルアミド無脊椎有害生物防除剤の相乗作用混合物 - Google Patents
アントラニルアミド無脊椎有害生物防除剤の相乗作用混合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4829882B2 JP4829882B2 JP2007519534A JP2007519534A JP4829882B2 JP 4829882 B2 JP4829882 B2 JP 4829882B2 JP 2007519534 A JP2007519534 A JP 2007519534A JP 2007519534 A JP2007519534 A JP 2007519534A JP 4829882 B2 JP4829882 B2 JP 4829882B2
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- DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1N1C=NN=C1S2 DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
Landscapes
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Description
(b1)ネオニコチノイド;
(b2)コリンエステラーゼ阻害剤;
(b3)ナトリウムチャンネルモジュレーター;
(b4)キチン合成阻害剤;
(b5)エクジソン作動薬;
(b6)脂質生合成阻害剤;
(b7)大環状ラクトン;
(b8)GABA調節クロリドチャンネルブロッカー;
(b9)幼若ホルモン模倣物(mimic);
(b10)リアノジン受容体配位子;
(b11)オクトパミン受容体配位子;
(b12)ミトコンドリア電子伝達阻害剤;
(b13)ネライストキシン類似体;
(b14)ピリダリル;
(b15)フロニカミド;
(b16)ピメトロジン;
(b17)ジエルドリン;
(b18)メタフルミゾン;
(b19)生物剤;および
(b1)〜(b18)の化合物の塩
よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の無脊椎有害生物防除剤である成分(b)と
を含んでなる混合物に関する。
全てのネオニコチノイドは、昆虫類の中枢神経系のニコチンアセチルコリン受容体において作動薬として作用する。これによって神経の興奮および結果として麻痺が引き起こされ、これによって死に至る。ネオニコチノイドの作用形態のため、カルバメート、オルガノホスフェートおよびピレスロイドのような従来の殺虫剤の種類に対する交差耐性がない。ネオニコチノイドの概説については、ペストロジー(Pestology)2003、27、第60〜63頁;アニュアル レビュー オブ エントモロジー(Annual Review of Entomology)2003、48、第339〜364頁;およびそれらの引用文献に記載されている。
2つの化学的種類の化合物がコリンエステラーゼを阻害するものとして既知であり;1種はオルガノホスフェートであり、そして他はカルバメートである。オルガノホスフェートは酵素のリン酸化を伴い、一方、カルバメートは酵素の可逆カルバミル化を伴う。オルガノホスフェートとしては、アセフェート、アジンホス−メチル、クロルエトキシホス、クロルプラゾホス、クロルピリホス、クロルピリホス−メチル、クマホス、シアノフェンホス、デメトン−S−メチル、ジアジノン、ジクロルボス、ジメトエート、ジオキサベンゾホス、ジスルホトン、ジチクロホス、フェナミホス、フェニトロチオン、ホノホス、イソフェンホス、イソキサチオン、マラチオン、メタミドホス、メチダチオン、ミパホクス、モノクロトホス、オキシデメトン−メチル、パラチオン、パラチオン−メチル、ホレート、ホサロン、ホスメト、ホスファミドン、ホキシム、ピリミホス−メチル、プロフェノホス、ピラクロホス、キナルホス−メチル、スルプロホス、テメホス、テルブホス、テトラクロルビンホス、チクロホス、トリアゾホスおよびトリクロホンが挙げられる。カルバメートとしては、アルジカルブ、アルドキシカルブ、ベンジオカルブ、ベンフラカルブ、ブトカルボキシム、カルバリル、カルボフラン、カルボスルファン、エチオフェンカルブ、フラチオカルブ、メチオカルブ、メトミル(ランネート(Lannate)(登録商標))、オキサミル(ビデート(Vydate)(登録商標))、ピリミカルブ、プロポキスル、チオジカルブ、トリアザメートおよびキシリルカルブが挙げられる。殺虫剤の作用形態の一般的概説については、インセクティサイズ ウィズ ノベル モード オブ アクション:メカニズム アンド アプリケーション(Insecticides with Novel Modes of Action:Mechanism and Application)、I.イシャヤ(I.Ishaaya)ら(編集)、スプリンガー:ベルリン(Springer:Berlin)、1998に提供されている。
ナトリウムチャンネルモジュレーターとして作用する殺虫剤化合物は昆虫類の電圧依存性ナトリウムチャンネルの正常機能を崩壊させ、そしてこれらの殺虫剤の適用に続いて急速な麻痺またはノックダウンが引き起こされる。神経膜ナトリウムチャンネルを標的とする殺虫剤の概説については、例えばトキシコロジー(Toxicology)2002、171、第3〜59頁;ペスト マネージメント サイエンス(Pest Management Sci.)2001、57、第153〜164頁;およびそれらの引用文献に提供される。ナトリウムチャンネルモジュレーターはそれらの化学構造の類似点に基づき4種類にグループ化され、それらとしてはピレスロイド、非エステルピレスロイド、オキサジアジンおよび天然ピレトリンが挙げられる。ピレスロイドとしては、アレトリン、アルファ−シペルメトリン、ベータ−シフルトリン、ベータ−シペルメトリン、ビフェントリン、シフルトリン、シハロトリン、シペルメトリン、デルタメトリン、エスフェンバレレート、フェンフルトリン、フェンプロパトリン、フェンバレレート、フルシトリネート、ガンマ−シハロトリン、ラムダ−シハロトリン、メトフルトリン、ペルメトリン、プロフルトリン、レスメトリン、タウ−フルバリネート、テフルトリン、テトラメトリン、トラロメトリン、トランスフルトリンおよびゼータ−シペルメトリンが挙げられる。非エステルピレスロイドとしては、エトフェンプロキシ、フルフェンプロキシ、ハルフェンプロキシ、プロトリフェンブトおよびシラフルオフェンが挙げられる。オキサジアジンとしてはインドキサカルブが挙げられる。天然ピレトリンとしてはシネリン−I、シネリン−II、ジャスモリン−I、ジャスモリン−II、ピレトリン−Iおよびピレトリン−IIが挙げられる。
キチン合成阻害剤(b4)としては、ビストリフルロン、ブプロフェジン、クロルフルアズロン、シロマジン、ジフルベンズロン、フルシクロキスロン、フルフェノキスロン、ヘキサフルムロン、ルフェヌロン、ノバルロン、ノビフルムロン、ペンフルロン、テフルベンズロンおよびトリフルムロンが挙げられる。
ザ ペスティサイド マニュアル(The Pesticide Manual)、第13版、2003に開示されるように多くの既知の殺虫剤、殺ダニ剤および殺線虫剤があり、その作用形態がまだ明確に定義されていないものおよび単一化合物の種類であるものが挙げられ、アミドフルメト(S−1955)、ビフェナゼート、クロロフェンミジン、ジエルドリン、ジオフェノラン、フェノチオカルブ、フルフェネリム(UR−50701)、メタルデヒド、メタフルミゾン(BASF−320)、メトキシクロール;ストレプトマイシンのような殺バクテリア剤;チノメチオナト、クロロベンジレート、シヘキサチン、ジエノクロール、エトキサゾール、フェンブタチンオキシド、ヘキシチアゾキシおよびプロパルギットのような殺ダニ剤が挙げられる。
本発明の混合物は一般的に、少なくとも1つの液体希釈剤、固体希釈剤または界面活性剤を含んでなる農業的および非農業的用途に適する担体とともに製剤または組成物として使用可能である。製剤、混合物または組成物成分は、活性成分の物性、適用形態ならびに土壌タイプ、湿度および温度のような環境要因と調和するように選択可能である。有用な製剤は、場合によりゲルへと濃厚化されることが可能な、溶液(乳化可能な濃縮物を含む)、懸濁液、乳液(ミクロエマルジョンおよび/またはサスポエマルジョンを含む)等のような液体を含む。有用な製剤はさらに、水分散性(「水和」)または水溶性であり得る、ダスト、粉末、顆粒、ペレット、タブレット、フィルム(シード処理を含む)等のような固体を含む。活性成分を(マイクロ)カプセル化することができ、さらに懸濁液または固体製剤へと形成することができ、あるいは活性成分の全製剤をカプセル化(または「オーバーコート」)することができる。カプセル化により、活性成分放出を制御することができるか、または遅らせることができる。本発明の組成物は、場合により植物栄養素、例えば窒素、リン、カリウム、硫黄、カルシウム、マグネシウム、鉄、銅、ホウ素、マンガン、亜鉛およびモリブデンから選択される少なくとも1種の植物栄養素を含んでなる肥料組成物を含んでなり得る。注目すべきは、窒素、リン、カリウム、硫黄、カルシウムおよびマグネシウムから選択される少なくとも1種の植物栄養素を含んでなる少なくとも1種の肥料組成物を含んでなる組成物である。さらに少なくとも1種の植物栄養素を含んでなる本発明の組成物は液体または固体の形態であり得る。注目すべきは、顆粒、小型スティックまたはタブレットの形態の固体配合物である。本発明の混合物または組成物を配合成分と一緒に肥料組成物と混合し、次いで粒化または押出のような方法によって配合物を製造することによって、肥料組成物を含んでなる固体配合物を製造することができる。あるいは寸法的に安定な混合物、例えば顆粒、小型スティックまたはタブレットの形態で予め製造された肥料組成物上に、揮発性溶媒中の本発明の混合物または組成物の溶液または懸濁液を噴霧し、次いで溶媒をエバポレーションすることによって、固体配合物を製造することができる。噴霧可能な製剤を適切な培地に施すことができ、1ヘクタールあたり約1〜数百リットルの噴霧量で使用することができる。さらなる製剤の中間体として、最初に高強度組成物を使用可能である。
nus リンネ(Linnaeus)など)ならびに他の短角亜目、カ(Aedes spp.、Anopheles spp.、Culex spp.など)、ブユ(Prosimulium spp.、Simulium spp.など)、クロヌカカ、スナバエ、sciaridsおよび他の長角亜目をはじめとする双翅目の成虫および幼若虫;ネギアザミウマ(Thrips tabaci リンデマン(Lindeman))、フラワースリップス(flower thrips)(Frankliniella spp.)および他の食葉性アザミウマをはじめとする総翅目の成虫および幼若虫;アリ(アカオオアリ(Camponotus ferrugineus ファブリシウス(Fabricius))、クロオオアリ(Camponotus pennsylvanicus デ・ギーア(De Geer))、イエヒメアリ(Monomorium pharaonis リンネ(Linnaeus))、チビヒアリ(Wasmannia auropunctata Roger)、アカカミアリ(Solenopsis geminata ファブリシウス(Fabricius))、ヒアリ(Solenopsis invicta ブレン(Buren))、アルゼンチンアリ(Iridomyrmex humilis メイル(Mayr))、アシナガキアリ(Paratrechina longicornis ラトレイル(Latreille))、トビイロシワアリ(Tetramorium caespitum リンネ(Linnaeus))、ヒメトビイロケアリ(Lasius alienus フォースター(Foerster))、コヌカアリ(Tapinoma sessile セイ(Say)))、ハチ(クマバチを含む)、スズメバチ(hornet)、スズメバチ(yellow jacket)、大形のハチ(wasp)、ハバチ(sawflies)(Neodiprion spp.;Cephus spp.)をはじめとするハチ目の昆虫有害生物;フロリダ カーペンター アント(Florida carpenter ant)(Camponotus floridanus バックレー(Buckley))、アシジロヒラフシアリ(Technomyrmex albipes fr.スミス(fr.Smith))、ビッグ ヘッデッド アント(big headed ants)(オオズアリ属)およびアワテコヌカアリ(Tapinoma melanocephalum ファブリシウス(Fabricius))を含むアリ科の昆虫有害生物;シロアリ科(例えば、Macrotermes sp.)、レイビシロアリ科(例えば、Cryptotermes sp.)およびミゾガシラシロアリ科(例えば、Reticulitermes sp.、Coptotermes sp.)のシロアリ、ミゾガシラシロアリ(Reticulitermes flavipes コラー(Kollar))、セイヨウシロアリ(Reticulitermes hesperus バンクス(Banks))、イエシロアリ(Coptotermes formosanus シラキ(Shiraki))、ハワイシロアリ(Incisitermes immigrans シンダー(Snyder))、パウダー ポスト ターマイト(powder post termite)(Cryptotermes brevis ウォーカー(Walker))、ドライウッド ターマイト(drywood termite)(Incisitermes snyderi ライト(Light))、サウスイースタン サブターラニアン ターマイト(southeastern subterranean termite)(Reticulitermes virginicus バンクス(Banks))、ウェスタン ドライウッド ターマイト(western drywood termite)(Incisitermes minor Hagen)、樹上シロアリ(arboreal termites)、例えばNasutitermes sp.および他の経済的観点から重要であるシロアリなどのシロアリ目の昆虫有害生物;セイヨウシミ(Lepisma saccharina リンネ(Linnaeus))、マダラシミ(Thermobia domestica パッカード(Packard))などのシミ目の昆虫有害生物;コロモジラミ(Pediculus humanus humanus capitis デ・ギーア(De Geer))、アタマジラミ(Pediculus humanus リンネ(Linnaeus))、ニワトリハジラミ(Menacanthus stramineus ニッツ(Nitszch))、イヌハジラミ(Trichodectes canis デ・ギーア(De Geer))、fluff louse(Goniocotes gallinae デ・ギーア(De Geer))、ヒツジハジラミ(Bovicola ovis シュランク(Schrank))、ウシジラミ(short−nosed cattle louse)(Haematopinus eurysternus ニッツ(Nitszch))、ウシジラミ(long−nosed cattle louse)(Linognathus vituli リンネ(Linnaeus))ならびに、人間や動物につく他の吸血シラミおよびハジラミを含むハジラミ目の昆虫有害生物;ケオプスネズミノミ(Xenopsylla cheopis ロッシュチャイルド(Rothschild))、ネコノミ(Ctenocephalides felis ブーシュ(Bouche))、イヌノミ(Ctenocephalides canis カーティス(Curtis))、ニワトリノミ(Ceratophyllus gallinae シュランク(Schrank))、ニワトリフトノミ(Echidnophaga gallinacea ウェストウッド(Westwood))、ヒトノミ(Pulex irritans リンネ(Linnaeus))および人間や鳥を悩ます他のノミを含むノミ目の昆虫有害生物が挙げられる。包含されるさらに他の節足動物有害生物として、ドクイトグモ(Loxosceles reclusa グレッチュおよびミュレイク(Gertsch & Mulaik))ならびにクロゴケグモ(Latrodectus mactans ファブリシウス(Fabricius))などのクモ目のクモ、イエムカデ(Scutigera coleoptrata リンネ(Linnaeus))などの唇脚綱ゲジ目のムカデが挙げられる。また本発明の混合物および組成物は、制限されないが、経済的に重要な農業有害生物(すなわち、Meloidogyne属のルートノットネマトーダ(root knot nematodes)、Pratylenchus属のレジオンネマトーダ(lesion nematodes)、Trichodorus属のスタビールートネマトーダ(stubby root nematodes)等)、ならびに動物および人間の健康に対する有害生物(すなわち、ウマのStrongylus vulgaris、イヌのToxocara canis、ヒツジのHaemonchus contortus、イヌのDirofilaria immitis Leidy、ウマのAnoplocephala perfoliata、反芻動物のFasciola hepatica Linnaeus等のような全ての経済的に重要な吸虫、条虫および回虫)のような円虫目(Strongylida)、蛔虫目(Ascaridida)、蟯虫目(Oxyurida)、かん線虫目(Rhabditida)、旋尾線虫目(Spirurida)およびエノプルス目(Enoplida)の経済的に重要な構成員を含む線虫網(Nematoda)、条虫網(Cestoda)、吸虫網(Trematoda)および鉤頭虫網(Acanthocephala)の構成員にも活性を有する。
以下の試験は、具体的な有害生物における本発明の混合物または組成物の防除有効性を実証する。しかしながら、混合物または組成物によって与えられる有害生物防除保護はこれらの種に限定されない。混合物または組成物間の相乗作用または拮抗作用の分析については、コルビーの等式を使用して決定した。試験化合物単独に関する平均死亡率%のデータをコルビーの等式に挿入した。観察された(obs)平均死亡率%が、「p」予想される死亡率%より高い場合、混合物または組成物は相乗効果を有した。観察された平均死亡率%が、予想される死亡率と等しいか、またはそれより低い場合、混合物または組成物は相乗効果を有さないか、または拮抗効果を有した。これらの試験において、化合物1(Cpd1)は式1の化合物である。
接触および/または浸透移行性手段によって、シルバーリーフコナジラミ(silverleaf whitefly)(Bemisia argentifolii ベローズ(Bellows)およびペーリング(Perring))の防除を評価するために、12〜14日齢綿植物を内部に含む小型開放容器で試験ユニットを構成した。綿の葉の上での産卵が生じ得るように、成虫のコナジラミによって外寄生されたケージ中に試験ユニットを置くことによって、これを事前に外寄生させた。エアブラストノズルを使用して植物から成虫を取り除き、そして試験ユニットにキャップをかぶせた。次いで試験ユニットを噴霧前に2〜3日間貯蔵した。
接触および/または浸透移行性手段によって、ミカンキイロアザミウマ(western flower thrip)(Frankliniella occidentalis パーガンド(Pergande))の防除を評価するために、5〜7日齢豆(var.Soleil)植物を内部に含む小型開放容器で試験ユニットを構成した。
接触および/または浸透移行性手段によるジャガイモヒメヨコバイ(Empoasca fabae ハリス(Harris))の防除を評価するために、5〜6日齢ロンジオビーン(Longio bean)植物(出現した初生葉)を内部に含む小型開放容器で各試験ユニットを構成した。適用前に、土の上部に白砂を加え、そして初生葉の一枚を切除した。試験Aに記載された通り三回繰り返して試験化合物を配合し、そして噴霧した。噴霧後、5個体のジャガイモヒメヨコバイ(18〜21日齢成虫)によってそれらを外寄生させる前に、試験ユニットを1時間乾燥させた。黒色のスクリーンキャップを各容器の上部に置いた。19℃〜21℃および50%〜70%相対湿度で育成チャンバー中に6日間、試験ユニットを保持した。次いで、昆虫死亡率に関して各試験ユニットを視覚的に評価した。結果を表4Aおよび4Bに記載する。
接触および/または浸透移行性手段によるトウモロコシウンカ(Peregrinus maidis)の防除を評価するために、3〜4日齢コーン(トウモロコシ)植物(穂)を内部に含む小型開放シリンジ状容器で各試験ユニットを構成した。適用前に、土の上部に白砂を加えた。試験Aに記載された通り三回繰り返して試験化合物を配合し、噴霧した。噴霧後、サンドシェーカーによって砂上にそれらを振り撒くことによって、10〜20個体のトウモロコシウンカ(18〜20日齢若虫)によってそれらを後外寄生させる前に、試験ユニットを1時間乾燥させた。黒色のスクリーンキャップを各容器の上部に置いた。19℃〜21℃および50%〜70%相対湿度で育成チャンバー中に6日間、試験ユニットを保持した。次いで、昆虫死亡率に関して各試験ユニットを視覚的に評価した。結果を表5Aおよび5Bに記載する。
接触および/または浸透移行性手段によるワタアブラムシ(Aphis gossypii グラバー(Glover))の防除を評価するために、6〜7日齢綿植物を内部に含む小型開放容器で各試験ユニットを構成した。培養植物から切除された葉の一片上の30〜40個体のアブラムシを試験植物上に置くことによって、これを事前に外寄生させた(カットリーフ法)。葉の一片が乾燥すると、幼虫は試験植物上へと移動した。事前外寄生後、試験ユニットの土を砂の層で覆った。
接触および/または浸透移行性手段によるモモアカアブラムシ(Myzus persicae スルザー(Sulzer))の防除を評価するために、12〜15日齢ラディッシュ植物を内部に含む小型開放容器で各試験ユニットを構成した。培養植物から切除された葉の一片上の30〜40個体のアブラムシを試験植物上に置くことによって、これを事前に外寄生させた(カットリーフ法)。葉の一片が乾燥すると、幼虫は試験植物上へと移動した。事前外寄生後、試験ユニットの土を砂の層で覆った。
シルバーリーフコナジラミ(silverleaf whitefly)(Bemisia argentifolii)の浸透移行性防除を評価するために、砂および5〜10本葉段階のトマト(var.Tiny Tim)植物を含む10インチ(25.4cm)鉢で各試験ユニットを構成した。オキサミルはビデート(Vydate)(登録商標)Lとして液体製剤中に存在し、そして化合物1は50%活性成分を有する水和粉末製剤中に存在した。1鉢あたり約200mLの水中の試験化合物を細流灌漑(drip irrigation)によって温室中で適用した。明確に目に見える若虫を有する5枚の古葉を取り出して、自然発生個体数に基づくコナジラミの活性を評価した。明確に目に見える若虫を有する葉がない場合、無作為に5枚の古葉を取り出した。若虫の生死に関して葉を評価した。全ての試験に関して、p=0.05においてミーンズセパレーション(means separation)に関するフィッシャー(Fisher)のLSD試験を使用して分析を実行した(K.A.ゴメス(K.A.Gomez)およびA.A.ゴメス(A.A.Gomez)、「スタティスティカル プロシデュース フォー アグリカルチュアル リサーチ(Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research)」、第2版、ジョン ウィリー&サンズ(John Wiley & Sons)、ニューヨーク(New York)、第680頁を参照のこと)。各評価日以内のみで平均値比較を行なった。結果を表8に記載する。
シロイチモジヨトウ(beet armyworm)(Spodoptera exigua)の浸透移行性防除を評価するために、砂および5〜10本葉段階のトマト(var.Tiny Tim)植物を含む10インチ(25.4cm)鉢で各試験ユニットを構成した。オキサミルはビデート(Vydate)(登録商標)Lとして液体製剤中に存在し、そして化合物1は50%活性成分を有する水和粉末製剤中に存在した。1鉢あたり約200mLの水中の試験化合物を細流灌漑によって温室中で適用した。表示された日に葉の材料のディスクを切断し、各ディスクを16ウェル、1.5オンスのカップトレイ(60131イリノイ州、フランクリンパーク、クリアーパック カンパニー(Clear Pack Co.,Franklin Park,IL 60131)のB−150−S.028 ナチュラル(Natural))中の寒天ゲル層上に配置することによって植物をサンプリングした。1個体のシロイチモジヨトウ幼虫を各セルに加え、そしてセルをカバーした。トレイを25℃、16時間の光:8時間の暗状態、60%相対湿度で育成チャンバー中に4日間、置いた。死亡の割合(死亡率%と省略する)および摂食の割合(摂食率%と省略する)を視覚的に評価した。結果を表9に記載する。全ての試験に関して、LSD試験を使用して分析を実行した。各評価日内のみで平均値比較を行なった。
シロイチモジヨトウ(Spodoptera exigua)の防除を評価するために、メトミルはランネート(Lannate)(登録商標)LVとして液体製剤中に存在した(29%活性成分)。化合物1は35%活性成分を有する水分散性顆粒(WDG)製剤中に存在した。試験化合物を水中に溶解した。十分な水を添加して、各化合物に関して100ppmの活性成分とした。連続的な希釈を実行して適切な濃度を得た。各化合物の所望の混合物濃度を得るため、二種の混合パートナー化合物のそれぞれの所望の濃度の二倍を同一体積で一緒に混合した。
イラクサギンウワバ(Trichoplusia ni)の葉面防除を評価するために、試験サイズ(28日齢、3〜4全葉(full leaves))までアルミニウムトレイ中の10cm鉢中のメトロミックス(Metromix)植込用土壌においてキャベツ(var.Stonehead)植物を生長させた。試験Iに記載された通り試験化合物を配合し、そして試験植物上に噴霧した。2時間乾燥後、処理された葉を切除し、そして1つのセルあたり1個体のイラクサギンウワバで外寄生させ、カバーした。試験ユニットをトレイ上に置き、そして25℃および60%相対湿度で育成チャンバー中に4日間、置いた。次いで、死亡率%および摂食率%に関して各試験ユニットを視覚的に評価した。結果を表11に記載する。
コナガ(Plutella xylostella)の防除を評価するために、試験サイズ(28日齢、3〜4全葉(full leaves))までアルミニウムトレイ中の10cm鉢中のメトロミックス(Metromix)植込用土壌においてキャベツ(var.Stonehead)植物を生長させた。試験Iに記載の通り、ターンテーブル噴霧器を使用して流出点まで植物を噴霧した。試験Iに記載された通り試験化合物を配合し、そして試験植物上に噴霧した。2時間乾燥後、処理された葉を切除し、そして1つのセルあたり1個体のイラクサギンウワバで外寄生させ、カバーした。試験ユニットをトレイ上に置き、そして25℃および60%相対湿度で育成チャンバー中に4日間、置いた。次いで各試験ユニットを視覚的に評価した。表12Aは死亡率%および摂食率%の両方の結果を記載し、そして結果を表12Bおよび12Cは死亡率%の結果のみを記載する。
Claims (4)
- (a)式1の化合物、3−ブロモ−N−[4−クロロ−2−メチル−6−[(メチルアミノ)カルボニル]フェニル]−1−(3−クロロ−2−ピリジニル)−1H−ピラゾール−5−カルボキサミド、そのN−オキシドまたは塩
(b)メトミル、アミトラズ、チアメトキサム、ピリダベン、ジエルドリン、スピノサド、ピリプロキシフェン、ピメトロジン、クロルフェナピル、シロマジン、フェノキシカルブ、メトプレン、トリアザメート、テブフェノジド、オキサミル、ヘキサフルムロン、アセトアミプリド、カルタプ、エスフェンバレレート、ヒドラメチルノン、ルフェヌロン、アバメクチン、ニテンピラム、ピリダリル、ジノテフランおよびノバルロン
よりなる群から選択される成分とを含んでなる相乗作用的な混合物。 - 請求項1に記載の混合物の生物学的に有効な量ならびに界面活性剤、固体希釈剤および液体希釈剤よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の追加の成分を含んでなり、場合により少なくとも1種の追加の生物学的に活性な化合物または薬剤の有効量をさらに含んで
なっていてもよい無脊椎有害生物の防除のための組成物。 - 無脊椎有害生物またはその環境を請求項1に記載の混合物の生物学的に有効な量と接触させることを含んでなる無脊椎有害生物の防除方法。
- 請求項1に記載の混合物、1種もしくはそれ以上の食物材料、場合により誘引剤、および場合により保湿剤を含んでなる餌料組成物。
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