CN101423824A - 角质酶变体 - Google Patents
角质酶变体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101423824A CN101423824A CNA2008101700481A CN200810170048A CN101423824A CN 101423824 A CN101423824 A CN 101423824A CN A2008101700481 A CNA2008101700481 A CN A2008101700481A CN 200810170048 A CN200810170048 A CN 200810170048A CN 101423824 A CN101423824 A CN 101423824A
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- humicola lanuginosa
- aforementioned
- cutinase
- special humicola
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
本发明涉及角质酶变体。具体地,本发明涉及具有改善热稳定性的真菌角质酶变体,其包括一个或多个特定氨基酸残基的取代和/或特定的N末端延伸。变体还可选择地包括在其它位点的额外改变。
Description
本发明申请是基于申请日为2001年5月22日,申请号为01808568.7(国际申请号为PCT/DK01/00350),发明名称为“角质酶变体”的专利申请的分案申请。
发明领域
本发明涉及角质酶(cutinase)变体,更具体的涉及热稳定性改善的角质酶变体。本发明还涉及编码该变体的DNA序列,包含所述DNA序列的载体,携带所述DNA序列或所述载体的转化宿主细胞,还涉及制备所述变体的方法,和所述变体的用途。
发明背景
角质酶是可以水解底物角质的脂解酶(lipolytic enzyme)。已知角质酶来自不同的真菌(P.E.Kolattukudy在“Lipases”,Ed.B. and H.L.Brockman,Elsevier 1984,471-504)。豌豆腐皮镰孢(Fusarium solanipisi)角质酶的氨基酸序列和晶体结构已经被描述(S.Longhi et al.,Journal of MolecularBiology,268(4),779-779(1997))。已经公开了特异腐质霉(Humicola insolens)角质酶的氨基酸序列(US 5,827,719)。
许多豌豆腐皮镰孢角质酶的变体已经被公开:WO 94/14963;WO94/14964;WO 00/05389;Appl.Environm.Microbiol.64,2794-2799,1998;Proteins:Structure,Function and Genetics 26,442-458,1996;J.ofComputational Chemistry 17,1783-1803,1996;Protein Engineering 6,157-165,1993;Protein:Structure,Function,and Genetics 33,253-264,1998;J.ofBiotechnology 66,11-26,1998;Biochemistry 35,398-410,1996;Chemistry andPhysics of Lipids 97,181-191,1999;Proteins:Structure,Function and Genetics31,320-333,1998;Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1441,185-196,1999;Appl.Environm.Microbiol.64,316-324,1998;BioTechniques 27,1102-1108,1999。
真菌角质酶可以用在聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)(poly(ethyleneterephthalate))的环状寡聚体(cyclic oligomers)的酶水解上,例如在自聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)纤维(WO 97/27237)的纱或织品整理(finishing)中应用。期望改善真菌角质酶的热稳定性以允许有更高的处理温度。
发明概述
本发明人已经发现某些真菌角质酶的变体有改善的热稳定性。所述变体包括在如下位点的一个或多个氨基酸残基的取代:Q1,L2,A4,G8,S11,N15,A16,T29,V38,N44,S48,H49,L66,A88,N91,S116,S119,G120,A130,Q139,T164,T166,L167,I168,I169,L174,I178,R189和/或N末端延伸AAVDSNHTPAVPELVAR(SEQ ID NO:2)。这些变体还可选择地包括在其它位点的额外改变。
本发明还提供了编码本发明变体的DNA序列,包含此DNA序列的表达载体,携带该DNA序列或表达载体的转化宿主细胞,一种制备所述变体的方法,以及应用该变体的方法和包含该变体的去污剂组合物。
本发明还提供了一种制备角质酶变体的方法,所述方法是通过在一个或多个指示位点或包含这样位点的区域引入氨基酸的改变(取代,缺失或插入),并且筛选热稳定性改善的变体而进行的。所述氨基酸的改变可以由例如定位随机突变(localized random mutagenesis)或定点诱变而产生。
发明详述
真菌角质酶
亲代酶是根据酶命名法(在http://www.chem.qmw.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme中可得到)被分类为EC 3.1.1.74的角质酶。它是一种真菌角质酶,诸如丝状真菌角质酶,例如来自腐质霉属或镰孢属菌株,具体为特异腐质霉或腐皮镰孢pisi,更具体为特异腐质霉菌株DSM 1800。
SEQ ID NO:1显示了特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800的角质酶氨基酸序列(成熟肽)和本文对特异腐质霉角质酶所用的编号系统。该氨基酸序列和编码它的DNA序列以前公布为US 5,827,719的SEQ ID NO:2和SEQ ID NO:1。
豌豆腐皮镰孢角质酶的氨基酸序列如WO 94/14964的图1D中的成熟肽所示。本文对豌豆腐皮镰孢角质酶所用的编号系统是WO 94/14964中所用的;它包括所述图1D中的前体序列(pro-sequence);所以成熟角质酶在位点16-215。
所述亲代角质酶与特异腐质霉菌株DSM 1800角质酶有至少50%(特别是至少70%或至少80%)同源性的氨基酸序列。更具体地,该亲代角质酶是可与特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800角质酶序列对比的。
氨基酸和其改变的命名法
说明书与权利要求书中在提到氨基酸时使用它们的单字母密码。序列中特定的氨基酸用其单字母编码和其位置来确定,例如,Q1表示Gln(谷氨酸在位置1,即,在N末端)。
本文用来定义取代的命名法以WO 92/05249中所述的命名法为基础。所以,S11T表示在位点11用T(Thr)来取代S(Ser)。Q1C/L表示用C(Cys)或L(Leu)取代Q(Gln)。
同源性与序列对比
为了本发明的目的,同源性(同一性)的程度可根据Needleman,S.B.andWunsch,C.D.,(1970),Journal of Molecular Biology,48,443-45中描述的方法来适当的测定,并且遵循以下的肽序列比较设定:GAP生成罚分值(creationpenalty)为3.0,GAP延伸罚分值为0.1。同源性的测定可用例如GCG软件包(Program Manual for the Wisconsin Package,第八版,1994年八月,Genetics,Computer Group,575 Sciences Drive,Madison,Wisconsin,USA53711)中提供的GAP计算机程序来进行。
两个给出的序列可以根据Neddleman(同上)中描述的方法,使用相同的参数来进行序列对比。这些可以通过GAP程序(同上)完成。
亲代角质酶和角质酶变体间的同源性可以高于80%,例如,高于85%或90%,尤其是高于95%。
特定的取代
变体尤其包括相应于下面特异腐质霉角质酶中(特异腐质霉角质酶的编号)的一个或多个取代:Q1C/L、L2K/Q/V、A4V、G8D、S11T、N15D、A16T、T29C/I/M、V38H、N44D、S48E/K、H49Y、L66I、A88H/L/V、N91H、S116K、S119P、G120D、A130V、Q139R、T164S、T166M/I、L167P、I168F、I169A/G/T/V、L174F、I178V和/或R189A/H/V。
更具体地,角质酶变体可包括如下所述取代或取代的组合:
S48E+A88H+N91H+R189V |
Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D |
N44D+A130V |
Q1C+L2V+G120D |
A88L+R189A |
S48E+L66I+A88L+I169A+R189H |
A88V+S116K+S119P+Q139R+I169V+R189V |
A88V+R189A |
S48K+A88H+I169G+R189H |
Q1L+L2Q+A4V+S11T |
T164S |
L174F |
H49Y |
Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+R189V |
Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+N44D+A130V |
Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V |
G8D+N15D+A16T |
A130V |
Q1C+L2V |
G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V |
G8D+N15D+T29M+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V |
G8D+N15D+T29I+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V |
G8D+N15D+T29C+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V |
G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+L174F+I178V+R189V |
G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166M+I168F+R189V |
G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166I+L167P+R189V |
G8D+N15D+V38H+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+I169T+R189V |
G8D+N15D+V38H+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V |
G8D+N15D+T29M+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166I+L167P+R189V |
可选的取代
除了上面描述的取代,该角质酶变体还可选择的包括一个或多个其它氨基酸的改变,尤其是相应于下面特异腐质霉角质酶中(特异腐质霉角质酶的编号)的一个或多个氨基酸残基的取代:Q1、L2、E6、E10、S11、A14、N15、F24、L46、E47、R51、D63、L138和/或E179,更具体地,有相应如下的一个或多个取代:Q1P、L2V、E6Q、E10Q、S11C、A14P、N15T、F24Y、L46I、E47K、R51P、D63N、L138I和/或E179Q。
更具体地,角质酶变体还可包括如下取代或取代的组合:
R51P
E6N/Q+L138I
A14P+E47K
E47K
E179N/Q
E6N/Q+E47K+R51P
A14P+E47K+E179N/Q
E47K+E179N/Q
E47K+D63N
E6N/Q+E1ON/Q+A14P+E47K+R51P+E179N/Q
E6N/Q+A14P+E47K+R51P+E179N/Q
Q1P+L2V+S11C+N15T+F24Y+L46I+E47K
角质酶变体的用途
本发明的角质酶变体可以用来,例如,酶水解聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯环状寡聚体,例如环状三聚对苯二甲酸亚乙酯(cyclic tri(ethyleneterephthalate)),简称c3ET。
尤其是,本发明可以通过用角质酶处理织品或纱,来去除含聚酯的织品或纱中的所述环状寡聚体,任选地,然后还可用pH值在约7到约11范围内的水溶液冲洗。对聚酯的处理可以在高于c3ET的玻璃化转变(glasstransition)温度(约55℃)而低于聚酯的玻璃化转变温度(约70℃)的条件下进行。该方法可以参考WO 97/27237进行。
所述角质酶变体可以用来处理含聚酯的纺织品,例如,PET(乙二醇和对苯二酸的聚合物),P3GT(1,3丙二醇和对苯二酸的聚合物)或聚酯/棉混合物。这种处理对聚酯纺织品有好处,例如,耐磨损度增加,更加舒适,透水性增加,抗静电(reduced antistatic behavior),改善手感和柔软度,改变再沉积特性和/或颜色澄清(color clarification)。
通过用该角质酶变体处理,所述角质酶变体可以用于改善对含PET的纱或纺织品的功能性整理,然后再加入整理剂(finishing agent),例如,软化剂(softener),抗皱树脂,抗静电剂,抗油剂,或能赋予(impair)无皱褶(wrinklefree),永久紧缩,防火(permannene press ior fire resistance)等效果的试剂。用角质酶变体进行处理可以增加表面的官能团的数量,可以用以附着功能性整理剂。修饰剂的实例在由Nihon Seni Sentaa KK在1998-10-15出版的“SENSHOKUSIAGEKAKO BENRAN”中描述。
本发明所述角质酶变体还可用在去污剂中,可将其整合用来增加去除脂肪污的作用,例如WO 94/03578和WO 94/14964中所述。在洗涤去污剂中添加角质酶变体可以去除衣物经多次洗/穿循环所积累的恶臭。
本角质酶变体还可用于降解和回收聚酯,例如聚己酸丙酯(PCL)、聚-乙二醇-对苯二酸(PET)、聚乳酸、聚丁烯琥珀酸酯(polybutylene succinate)和聚(羟基丁酸)合(羟基戊酸),例如,胶片和瓶子,例如,JP-A5-344897中所述。
角质酶变体还可用于其它已知的脂肪酶和角质酶的应用中,例如,烘烤工业(例如WO 94/04035和EP 585988中所述)、造纸工业(如去除树脂(pitchremoval)见EP 374700)及皮革、毛织品或相关工业(如动物皮革、羊皮革或羊毛的去脂),和其它涉及到去脂/去油的应用。它还可在油脂工业中以固定化形式使用,作为有机合成的催化剂(如,酯化作用,酯基转移或酯水解反应)。
聚酯染色
本发明提供了一种对聚酯织品或纱(yarn)进行染色的方法。该方法中,先用角质酶处理织品或纱,例如,在50-70℃或65-70℃,pH7-10的条件下处理12-48小时,然后用染料染色,例如,活性染料、分散染料或阳离子染料。所述活性染料可以是一种可与OH或COOH基团反应的染料,例如,具有生色团(chromophore)-NHPh-SO2CH2CH2OSO3Na结构。染色可以在40-80℃条件下进行,例如,染色20-60分钟。
所述角质酶可以是热稳定角质酶,其热变性温度Td,在pH8.5至少高出亲代角质酶5℃,例如,高出7-10℃,例如一个65℃或更高的值。可通过说明书中实施例所描述的DSC方法进行测量。
表面活性剂
在处理织品或纱的时候,可以使用常规湿润剂和/或分散剂来改善与酶的接触。湿润剂可以是非离子型表面活性剂,例如,乙氧基脂肪醇。非常有用的湿润剂是乙氧基(ethoxylated)和丙氧基脂肪酸酯如Berol 087(AkzoNobel产品,瑞典)。
分散剂可以适当选自非离子的,阴离子的,阳离子的,两性电解质的或两性离子的表面活性剂。更具体的,分散剂可以选自羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、烷基芳基磺化物、长链醇硫酸盐(sulfates)(一级和二级的烷基硫酸盐)、磺化石蜡、硫酸化甘油单脂肪酸酯、硫酸化醚、磺酸琥珀酸盐、磺酸化甲醚、链烷磺酸盐(alkane sulfonates)、磷酸酯、烷基异硫代硫酸盐、肌氨酸金属盐、烷基牛磺酸盐、氟化物表面活性剂(fluorosurfactants)、脂肪醇和烷基苯酚缩合物(condensates)、脂肪酸缩合物、乙烯氧化物和胺的缩合物、乙烯氧化物和酰胺的缩合物、蔗糖酯、山梨糖酯、烷基醇酰胺(alkyloamide)、脂肪胺氧化物、乙氧基化一元胺、乙氧基化二元胺、脂肪醇乙氧基化物和它们的混合物。一个非常有用的分散剂是脂肪醇乙氧基化物(alcohol ethoxylate),例如Berol 08(Akzo Nobel产品,瑞典)。
制备角质酶变体的方法
本发明的角质酶变体可以用本领域已知的方法制备,例如,WO94/14963或WO 94/14964(Unilever)中所描述。下面描述了克隆角质酶编码DNA序列的方法,然后是在角质酶编码序列的特定位点产生突变的方法。
编码角质酶的DNA序列的克隆
利用本领域所熟知的各种方法,编码亲代角质酶的DNA序列可以从任意一种产生所述角质酶的细胞或微生物中分离。首先,用产生所述角质酶的生物的染色体DNA或信使RNA来构建基因组DNA和/或cDNA文库。然后,例如果该角质酶的氨基酸序列已知,合成标记的寡核苷酸探针,用它从上面所述生物的基因组文库中鉴定出编码角质酶的克隆。或者,低严紧度的杂交和洗脱条件下,还可选择用包含与另一已知的角质酶基因具有序列同源的标记寡核苷酸探针来鉴定编码角质酶的克隆。
还有一种鉴定编码角质酶克隆的方法是把基因组DNA片段插入表达载体,例如质粒,用得到的基因组DNA文库转化角质酶阴性细菌,然后把转化过的菌在含有角质酶底物(即麦芽糖)的琼脂上涂板,以使表达角质酶的克隆能被鉴定出来。
或者,编码所述酶的DNA序列可以用已确定的标准方法来合成制备,例如,用S.L.Beaucage和M.H.Caruthers,(1981),Tetrahedron Letters 22,p.1859-1869中描述的亚磷酰胺(phosphoroamidite)法,或Matthes等(1984),EMBO J.3,p.801-805中描述的方法。在亚磷酰胺法中,寡核苷酸的合成是在DNA自动合成仪中合成、纯化、退火、连接和克隆在合适的载体中进行。
最后,应用标准技术,DNA序列可以是来自基因组和合成的混合来源,合成物和cDNA的混合来源或基因组和cDNA的混合来源,通过连接合成的,基因组,cDNA来源的片段来制备(合适地,相应于整个DNA序列的各部分片段)。DNA序列还可以用特异引物,经聚合酶链式反应(PCR)制备,例如,如US 4,683,202或R.K.Saiki et al.,(1988),Science 239,1988,pp.487-491中描述。
角质酶变体的构建
角质酶变体可以用在选定位点进行定点诱变或局部随机诱变得到,即在亲代角质酶的选定位点或区域引入随机的氨基酸残基,例如,WO95/22615中描述的。更优选的方法使用掺杂的(doped)的或掺加的(spiked)寡核苷酸来进行突变。
选定的位点可以是上面说的一个或多个位点,选定的区域可以是包含一个或多个这样位点的区域。下面是一些特例:
A.掺加的寡改组(oligo shuffling):
文库(Library S1:44,46,48,51,55
文库S2:48,66,88,91,119,169,189
文库S3:26,66,70,139,167,168,169,174
文库S4:4,5,6,33,34
文库S5:6,7,8,9,55,56,57
B.掺杂的文库:
文库1:42-52
文库2:59-77
文库3:116-122
文库4:1-16
文库5:69,70,73
文库6:140-145
文库7:161,162,164-174
定点诱变
当角质酶编码DNA序列被分离出来,并且希望突变的位点鉴定出后,就可以用合成的寡核苷酸引入突变。这些寡核苷酸包括侧接希望突变的位点的核苷酸序列。用一种具体的方法,在携带所述角质酶基因的载体中产生DNA的一个单链缺口,所述DNA为角质酶编码序列。然后,携带所希望的突变的合成核苷酸,被退火到所述单链DNA的同源部分。余下的缺口被DNA聚合酶I(Klenow片段)补齐,用T4连接酶连接该构建体。所述方法的以特定实例在Morinaga等,(1984),Biotechnology 2,p.646-639中描述。US4,760,025公开了通过盒(cassette)的微量变化来引入编码多突变的寡核苷酸。然而,用Morinaga方法可以在任意一次引入有更大多样性的突变,因为一个很大数量的不同长度的寡核苷酸可以被引入。
另一种在角质酶编码DNA序列中引入突变的方法在Nelson和Long,(1989),Analytical Biochemistry 180,p.147-151中描述。它涉及到产生包括所希望的突变的PCR片段3个步骤,其中的突变是在PCR反应中用化学合成的DNA链作为一个引物而引入的。携带突变的DNA片段可以用限制性内切酶切割而分离,然后再重新插入表达质粒中。
角质酶变体的表达
根据本发明,用上述方法或其它本领域所任何可选择的方法得到的编码所述变体的DNA序列,可以利用表达载体,以酶的形式表达,其中所述表达载体典型的包括编码启动子,操纵子,核糖体结合位点,翻译起始信号,还可以选择的包括抑制基因或不同的激活基因的控制序列。
表达载体
携带编码本发明角质酶变体的重组表达载体可以是任意一种能方便的进行重组DNA方法的载体,它的选择常常要取决于它所要引入的宿主细胞。这个载体可以是一种当引入到宿主细胞时,就整合入宿主细胞的基因组,然后随着所整合的染色体一同进行复制的载体。合适的表达载体实例包括pMT838。
启动子
在载体中,该DNA序列必须可操纵的与合适的启动子序列相连。所述启动子可以是任何在所选宿主细胞中显示出转录活性的DNA序列,并且可以衍生自编码与宿主细胞同源或异源的蛋白的基因。
可指导本发明的编码角质酶变体DNA序列进行转录的合适的启动子,尤其是在以细菌为宿主时,是大肠杆菌的lac操纵子的启动子,天蓝色链霉菌(Streptomyces colicolor)的琼脂酶(agarase)基因dagA启动子,地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)的α-淀粉酶(amyL)启动子,嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(Bacillus stearotherophilus)的麦芽淀粉酶基因(amyM)启动子,解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)α-淀粉酶(amyQ)启动子,枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)的xylA和xylB基因启动子等等。在真菌宿主中转录时,有用的启动子的实施例是那些衍生自编码米曲霉(A.oryzae)的TAKA淀粉酶,酿酒酵母(S.cerevisiae)的TPI(丙糖磷酸异构酶)启动子(Alber et al.(1982),J.Mol.Appl.Genet 1,p.419-434,R),米赫根毛霉的天冬氨酸蛋白酶启动子,黑曲霉(A.niger)中性α-淀粉酶启动子,黑曲霉酸稳定α-淀粉酶启动子,黑曲霉葡糖淀粉酶启动子,米赫根毛霉脂酶启动子,米曲霉碱性蛋白酶启动子,米曲霉丙糖磷酸异构酶启动子或构巢曲酶(A.nidulans)乙酰胺酶启动子的基因。
表达载体
本发明的表达载体还包括合适的转录终止子,和在真核细胞中,与本发明的编码α-淀粉酶的DNA序列可操纵连接的聚腺苷酸化序列。终止和聚腺苷酸序列可以适合的衍生自与启动子有相同的来源。
所用载体还可以包括一段可以让载体在所讨论的宿主细胞中复制的DNA序列。这样序列的实施例有质粒pUC19,pACYC177,pUB110,pE194,pAMB1和pIJ702的复制起始位点。
所用载体还可包括一个选择性标记,例如,基因,其产物补充了宿主细胞的缺陷,例如枯草芽孢杆菌或地衣芽孢杆菌的dal基因,或带来对抗生素的抗性,例如氨苄青霉素,卡那霉素,氯霉素或四环素抗性。此外,所用载体可包含曲霉属(Aspergillus)选择标记,例如amdS,argB,niaD和sC,带来潮霉素抗性的标记,或用共转化来实现的选择,例如WO 91/17243中所述。
本方法分别用来连接编码角质酶变体的本发明DNA构建体,启动子,终止子,和其它元件,与把它们插入到合适的具有复制所必需的信息的载体中,这些都是本领域技术人员所熟知的(比较,例如,Sambrook et al.,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,2nd Ed.,Cold Spring Harbor,1989)。
宿主细胞
本发明所用宿主细胞,其包括本发明的DNA构建体或如上所定义的表达载体,被方便的用作本发明角质酶变体的重组产生的宿主细胞。该细胞可以很方便的通过整合DNA构建体(一拷贝或多拷贝)到宿主染色体中,而被本发明编码变体的DNA构建体所转化。这种整合一般被认为是有利的,因为这样所述DNA序列在所述细胞中更可能被稳定的维持。将所述DNA构建体整合到宿主染色体中,可以按照常规的方法进行,例如,用同源或异源重组。或者,所述细胞还可以根据宿主细胞类型的不同,用上面所述的表达载体来转化。
本发明所述细胞可以是高等生物体的细胞,例如,哺乳动物或昆虫的细胞,尤其是微生物细胞,例如,细菌或真菌(包括酵母)的细胞。
合适的细菌的实施例有,革兰氏阳性菌如枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、缓慢芽孢杆菌(Bacillus lentus)、短芽孢杆菌(Bacillus brevis)、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌,嗜碱芽孢杆菌(Bacillus alkalophilus)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillusamyloliquefaciens)、凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)、环状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus circulans)、灿烂芽孢杆菌(Bacillus lautus)、巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillusmegaterium)、苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)、或变青链霉菌(Streptomyceslividans)或鼠灰链霉菌(Streptomyces murinus),或革兰氏阴性菌例如大肠杆菌。细菌的转化可以例如,按照熟知的方法用原生质或感受态细胞实现。
酵母有机体优先选自酵母属(Saccharomyces)或裂殖酵母属(Schizos-accharomyces)菌株中选择,例如酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)。
宿主细胞还可以是丝状真菌,例如菌株选自曲霉属(Aspergillus),尤其是米曲霉或黑曲霉,或镰孢属(Fusarium)的菌株,例如尖镰孢(Fusariumoxysporum)、禾本科镰孢(Fusarium graminearum)(在完全阶段叫玉蜀黍赤霉,还曾叫玉米球果菌(Sphaeria zeae)、也称粉红赤霉(Gibberella roseum)和粉红赤霉禾谷种Gibberella roseum f.sp.cerealis)或硫色镰孢(Fusariumsulphureum)(在完全阶段叫虱状赤霉(Gibberella puricaris),也叫拟丝孢镰孢(Fusarium trichothecioides))、杆孢状镰孢(Fusarium bactridioides)、接骨木镰孢(Fusarium sambucinum)、粉红镰孢(Fusarium roseum)与粉红镰孢禾本科变种(Fusarium roseum var.graminearum))、禾谷镰孢(Fusarium cerealis)(也叫库威镰孢(Fusarium crokkwellense))或镶片镰孢(Fusarium venenatum)的菌株。
在本发明特定的实施方案中,宿主细胞是蛋白酶缺陷型或蛋白酶负性(minus)菌株。
上述可以是例如的蛋白酶缺陷型菌株米曲霉JaL125,缺失了称作“alp”的碱性蛋白酶基因。该菌株在WO 97/35956(Novo Nordisk)中描述。
丝状真菌细胞的转化可通过本领域已知的涉及到原生质的形成和其转化,然后进行细胞壁的再生的方法进行。利用曲霉属作宿主微生物在EP238023(Novo Nordisk A/S)中有所描述,在此引入用作参考。
通过培养转化体制备角质酶变体
本发明尤其涉及一种制备本发明角质酶变体的方法,所述方法包括在易于制备所述变体的条件下培养宿主细胞,和从细胞和/或培养基中回收该变体。
用来培养细胞的培养基可以是常规的,适合所述的细胞生长并能得到本发明角质酶变体表达的任何培养基。合适的培养基可以从供应商处得到,或根据公开的配方制备(例如,美国典型培养物保藏中心(American TypeCulture Collection)的目录中所述)。
宿主细胞中分泌的角质酶变体,通过熟知的方法可以很方便的从培养基中回收,包括用离心或过滤将细胞从培养基上分离,通过盐,例如硫酸铵,沉淀培养基中的蛋白成份,然后使用层析方法,例如离子交换层析,亲和层析等。
在植物中表达变体
本发明还涉及到转基因植物,植物部分或植物细胞,其是被编码本发明变体的DNA序列所转化,以使所述酶的表达与制备达到一个可回收的数量。酶可以从植物或植物部分中回收。或者,包含重组酶的植物或植物部分可以同样的被应用。
转基因植物可以是双子叶的(双子叶植物)或单子叶的(单子叶植物)。单子叶植物的实例是草(grasses),如草地早熟禾(meadow grass)(蓝草(bluegrass),早熟禾属(Poa));饲用牧草(forage grass)如羊茅属(Festuca)、黑麦草属(Lolium);寒地型牧草(temperate grass),如翦股颖(Agrostis);和谷类,例如,小麦、燕麦、黑麦、大麦、稻(rice)、高粱和玉蜀黍(maize)(玉米)。
双子叶植物的实例是烟草(tobacco),豆类(legumes),如羽扇豆(lupins),马铃薯,糖甜菜(sugar beet),豌豆,豆(bean)和大豆(soybean)和十字花科的(cruciferous)植物(十字花科(family Brassicaceae)),如花椰菜(cauliflower),油菜籽(rape seed)和紧密相关的模型生物体拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)。
植物部分的实施例有茎、愈伤组织、叶、根、果实、种子和块茎。在本文中,还有一些特定的植物组织,例如叶绿体、质外体、线粒体、液泡、过氧化物酶体和细胞质,也被认为是植物部分。此外,任何植物细胞,无论其组织来源,也被认为是植物部分。
本发明的范围还包括这些植物,植物部分和植物细胞的后代。
表达本发明变体的转基因植物和植物细胞可以按照本领域已知的方法构建。简而言之,植物或植物细胞通过一个或多个编码本发明所述酶的表达构建体整合到该植物宿主基因组中,然后增殖所得到的修饰过的植物或植物细胞,使它们成为转基因植物或植物细胞而得以构建。
便利地,所述表达构建体是包括编码本发明酶基因的DNA构建体,其可操纵地与在选择的植物或植物细胞中表达该酶基因所需要之合适的调控序列相连接。此外,该表达构建体可以包含选择性标记,所述选择性标记可用于鉴定整合了表达构建体的宿主细胞和将构建体导入所述植物中所必需的DNA序列(后者取决于所用的导入DNA的方法)。
调节序列的选择,例如启动子和终止子序列和任选地信号或转运序列的选择,举例来说,基于期望何时、何处以及如何表达多肽而确定。例如,编码本发明多肽的基因的表达可以是组成型的或诱导型的,或可以是发育、阶段或组织特异性的,并且基因产物可以靶向特定的组织或植物部分例如种子或叶。调节序列由例如Tague et al.,1988,Plant Physiology 86:506所述。
对于组成性表达,可使用35S-CaMV启动子(Franck et al.,1980,Cell 21:285-294)。器官特异性启动子可以是例如来自贮藏库组织(storage sink tissue)例如种子、马铃薯块茎和果实的启动子(Edwards & Coruzzi,1990,Ann.Rev.Genet.24:275-303),或来自代谢库组织(metabolic sink tissue)例如分生组织的启动子(Ito et al.,1994,Plant Mol.Biol.24:863-878),种子特异性启动子诸如来自稻的谷蛋白(glutelin)、醇溶蛋白(prolamin)、球蛋白(globulin)或白蛋白(albumin)启动子(Wu etal.,1998,Plant and Cell Physiology 39:885-889),来自豆球蛋白(legumin)B4和蚕豆(Vicia faba)的未知的种子蛋白基因的蚕豆启动子(Conrad et al.,1998,Journal of Plant Physiology 152:708-711)、来自种子油体蛋白(oil body protein)的启动子(Chen et al.,1998,Plant and CellPhysiology 39:935-941),来自欧洲油菜(Brassica napus)的贮藏蛋白napA启动子,或本技术领域公知的任何其他种子特异性的启动子,例如,在WO91/14772中所描述的。此外,启动子可为叶特异性的启动子,如来自稻或番茄的rbcs启动子(Kyozuka等,1993,Plant Physiology 102:991-1000),小球藻病毒(chlorella virus)腺嘌呤甲基转移酶(adenine methyltransferase)基因启动子(Mitra and Higgins,1994,Plant Molecular Biology 26:85-93),或来自稻的aldP基因启动子(Kagaya et al.,1995,Molecular and General Genetics 248:668-674),或伤口诱导的启动子,如马铃薯pin2启动子(Xu et al.,1993,PlantMolecular Biology 22:573-588)。
启动子增强子元件也可以用于实现本发明多肽在植物中的较高表达。例如,启动子增强子元件可以是内含子,其位于启动子和编码本发明多肽的核苷酸序列之间。例如Xu et al.,1993,见上,公开了使用稻肌动蛋白1基因的第一内含子以增强表达。
选择性标记基因和表达构建体的其它任何部分可以从本领域可得到那些中选取。
将DNA构建体根据本领域已知的常规技术并入植物基因组,所述常规技术包括土壤杆菌属(Agrobacterium)介导的转化、病毒介导的转化、显微注射(microinjection)、粒子轰击、生物射弹转化和电穿孔(Gasser et al.,1990,Science 244:1293;Potrykus,1990,Bio/Technology 8:535;Shimamoto et al.,1989,Nature 338:274)。
目前,根癌土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导的基因转移(genetransfer),是产生转基因双子叶植物的优选方法(为了参考,见Hooykas andSchilperoort,1992,Plant Molecular Biology 19:15-38),并且它也可以用于转化单子叶植物,尽管对于这些植物其它的转化方法通常是优选的。目前,产生转基因单子叶植物的优选的方法,是用粒子(用转化DNA涂覆的微观的金或钨粒子)轰击胚愈伤组织(embryonic calli)或发育中的胚(developingembryos)(Christou,1992,Plant Journal 2:275-281;Shimamoto,1994,CurrentOpinion Biotechnology 5:158-162;Vasil et al.,1992,Bio/Technology 10:667-674)。转化单子叶植物的可供选择的方法是基于原生质体转化,如由Omirulleh et al.,1993,Plant Molecular Biology 21:415-428所描述的。
转化以后,根据本领域所熟知的方法筛选整合了表达构建体的转化体,并再生成整株植物。
材料与方法
菌株和质粒
大肠杆菌DH12S(来源于Gibco BRL)用与酵母质粒拯救(rescue)。
大肠杆菌JM110(来源于Toyobo K.K.,Japan)用来制备重组质粒。
pJSO026是酿酒酵母的表达质粒,描述于WO 97/07205和J.S.Okkels,(1996)中,pYES载体的A URA3启动子的缺失增加真菌脂肪酶在酿酒酵母中的表达水平。重组DNA生物技术III:The Integration of Biological andEngineering Sciences,vol.782 of the Annals of the New York Academy ofSciences)。
pJC039是酵母和大肠杆菌的穿梭质粒,用于表达“参考(reference)”角质酶变体,在TPI启动子控制的实施例中有所描述,其构建自pSJO026。
酿酒酵母YNG318:MATa Dpep4[cir+]ura3-52,leu2-D2,his 4-539用作构建酵母文库和特异腐质霉的角质酶表达。其在J.Biol.Chem.272(15),9720-9727,1997中描述。
培养基与底物
SC-葡萄糖
100ml/L | 20%葡萄糖 |
4ml/L | 5%苏氨酸 |
10ml/L | 1%色氨酸 |
25ml/L | 20%酪蛋白氨基酸 |
100ml/L | 10X基础溶液 |
分别过滤灭菌 |
10X 基础溶液
66.8g/L | 酵母氮源碱w/o氨基酸 |
100g/L | 琥珀酸盐(succinate) |
60g/L | NaOH |
YPD
20g/L | 细菌蛋白胨(Bacto pepto) |
10g/L | 酵母提取物 |
100ml/L | 20%葡萄糖(分别灭菌) |
BETEB
对苯二酸二(2-羟乙基)酯二苯甲酰酯(Terephthdic acidbis(2-hydroxyethyl)ester dibenzoate)在这里简写为BETEB(苯甲酰基-乙烯-对苯二酸-ethelene-苯甲酰酯)。它是由对苯二酸二(2-羟乙基)酯与苯甲酸制成。
BETEB平板
100ml/L | 500mM甘氨酸缓冲液(pH 8.5) |
1g/L | BETEB(可溶于乙醇) |
30g/L | 琼脂 |
PEG/LiAc溶液
50ml | 40%PEG4000(灭菌的) |
1ml | 5M LiAc(灭菌的) |
Dop83-2的核苷酸混合物(SEQ ID NO:5):
1(核苷酸25):G 91%,A 9%
2(核苷酸26):G 96%,C 4%
3(核苷酸37):G 92.5%,A 7.5%
4(核苷酸38):A 96%,C 4%
5(核苷酸39):G 0.5%,A 3.5%,T 96%
6(核苷酸40):G 96%,A 2%,T 2%
7(核苷酸41):A 4.5%,C 95.5%
8(核苷酸42):A 2.5%,T 97.5%
9(核苷酸43):G 92%,A 2.5%,T 3%,C 2.5%
10(核苷酸45):G 71.5%,A 1%,T 27.5%
11(核苷酸46):G 3.5%,A 2%,T 43%,C 51.5%
12(核苷酸47):T 93.5%,C 6.5%
13(核苷酸49):G 92%,A 2.5%,T 3%,C 2.5%
14(核苷酸51):G 71.5%,T 27.5%,A 1%
15(核苷酸52):A 98%,C 2%
16(核苷酸53):G 2.5%,T 4.5%,C 93%
17(核苷酸54):G 54.5%,A 9.5%,T 36%
18(核苷酸58):G 2%,A 3.5%,T 94.5%
19(核苷酸59):A 4%,T 91%,C 5%
20(核苷酸61):G 4.5%,T 95.5%
21(核苷酸62):T 95.5%,C 4.5%
22(核苷酸63):G 98%,A 2%
方法
脂酶活性(LU)
用阿拉伯树胶作乳化剂乳化甘油三丁酸酯(甘油三丁酸酯),来制备脂酶的底物。30℃,pH为7时水解甘油三丁酸酯,然后进行pH-stat滴定试验。一单位的脂酶活性(1LU)等于在标准条件下,能够释放1μml丁酸/min的酶的量。
初步筛选方法
1.将酵母文库涂布到SC-葡萄糖平板上,在30℃下温育3天。
2.通过应用绒布(velvet cloth)把菌复制到有硝酸(nitrate)滤膜的新的SC-葡萄糖平板上,在30℃温度下温育1天(或20℃ O/W)。
3.将滤膜转移到预热的加/未加50ppm的Avolan的0.1%BETEB平板(pH 8.5)上。
4.加入Avolan的BETEB平板70℃温育,并且w/o Avolan的在73℃O/N。
5.除去滤膜,找到清晰区(zone)的酵母菌落。
6.从主平板上分离候选菌落,并接种到新的SC-葡萄糖平板和1mlYPD培养基的24孔板上。
次级筛选的方法
1.在30℃下,180rpm,培养24孔板的YPD培养基2天。
2.离心平板/或静置几小时。
3.把5μl和10μl的上清液加到BETEB平板有Avolan的孔中,再加两个没有Avolan的。
4.在60℃培养一个BETEB平板和加过Avolan的BETEB平板,其它BETEB平板在68℃,过夜。
5.检查清晰区的直径。
6.测定68℃或60℃的加有Avolan的保留有活性的上清液之LU活性。
7.调LU活性至10LU/ml,并如4)应用到BETEB平板。
8.检查清晰区的直径。
酵母文库的构建方法
1.混合0.5μl载体(经Hind III-Xba I消化)和1μl的PCR片段。
2.在冰上解冻YNG318感受态细胞。
3.混合100μl所述细胞,DNA混合物和10μl载体DNA(Clontech)在Falcon 1058中。
4.加入0.6mlPEG/LiAc溶液,温和地混合。
5.30℃,200rpm,温育30分钟。
6.42℃,温育15分钟(热激(heat shock))。
7.转移到eppendorf管,离心5秒。
8.除去上清,用3mlYPD溶解。
9.30℃,30rpm,温育细胞悬浮液45分钟。
10.将悬浮液倒到SC-葡萄糖平板上,以得到ca.300菌落/平板。
文库构建
通过SOE方法构建Dop文库在酵母重组后。
其它方法
■用来构建文库和亚克隆的大肠杆菌转化是用电穿孔(BIO-RAD GenePulser)。
■DNA质粒是用碱法制备(Molecular cloning,Cold Spring Harbor)或质粒试剂盒制得。
■从琼脂糖胶中回收DNA片段是用Qiagen胶提取试剂盒回收。
■PCR是用PTC-200 DNA Engine完成。
■ABI PRISMTM310 Genetic analyzer用来测定所有的DNA序列。
■酵母的转化是用醋酸锂法完成。
■酵母总DNA是用Robzyk和Kassir’s方法提取的,在Nucleic acidsresearch vol.20,No14(1992)3790中描述。
■次级分析中的所有阳性菌落都是在1mlYPD中,30℃下温育过夜,以用来提取酵母总DNA。所制备的DNA被导入大肠杆菌(E.coli),分离大肠杆菌菌落并制备其质粒,以备序列测定和进一步评估。
实施例
实施例1:通过掺杂(doping)构建角质酶变体
第一次PCR反应是用如下两对引物,620AM34(SEQ ID NO:3)和Dop2-R(SEQ ID NO:4),及Dop83-2(具有如上所述核酸序列混合物的SEQID NO:5)和680AM35(SEQ ID NO:6),在如下条件下进行的:
48.6μl | 水 |
33μl | 3.3X反应缓冲液 |
4.4μl | 25mM MgOAc |
2μl | rTth聚合酶(Perkin Elmer) |
8μl | 10mM dNTPs |
1μl x 2 | 100pmol/μl引物 |
1μl | 0.5μg/μL模版(pJC039) |
1 | 94℃ | 20秒 |
2 | 94℃ | 15秒 |
3 | 45℃ | 45秒 |
4 | 72℃ | 30秒+3秒/循环 |
2-4 | 50次循环 | |
5 | 72℃ | 10分钟 |
得到的片段用凝胶纯化(gel-purified),用作第二次PCR反应的模板。第二次PCR反应用620(SEQ ID NO:7)和680(SEQ ID NO:8)作为引物,反应条件如下。
38.2μl | 水 |
5μl | 10X 反应缓冲液 |
1μl | Klen Taq LA(CLONTECH) |
4μl | 10mM dNTPs |
0.4μl x 2 | 100pmol/μl引物 |
0.5μl x 2 | PCR片段 |
1 | 98℃ | 10秒 |
2 | 68℃ | 90秒 |
1-2 | 30循环 | |
3 | 68℃ | 10分钟 |
掺加寡改组文库(spiked oligo shuffling library)
掺入文库按照如下构建:
制备后面实施例中描述的参考变体的基因片段之PCR反应是用rTth聚合酶与引物AM34(SEQ ID NO:9)和AM35(SEQ ID NO:10)如上所述进行的,片段用胶纯化。
约10ug DNA/250μl与0.8μl DNaseI(Gibco BRL 18068-015)和30μl10X缓冲液在25℃温育7-10分钟。加入EDTA至终浓度为10mM,停止反应。
大小正确的DNA片段(50-150bp)用Whatman玻璃滤器纯化。
然后在如下条件重装DNase处理过的片段。
0.2,0.5和1pmol | DNase处理过的模版 |
3,6,12X M | 过量的每种诱变的寡聚物(oligo) |
1珠粒 | Ready-to-go |
0.1μl | Pwo聚合酶 |
终体积25μl |
1 | 94℃ | 2分钟 |
2 | 94℃ | 30秒 |
3 | 45℃ | 30秒 |
4 | 72℃ | 1分钟 |
2-4 | 30次循环 | |
5 | 72℃ | 5分钟 |
用上面的PCR混合物为模板,在如下条件进行第二次PCR:
0.2,0.5,1和2μl | 第一次PCR反应 |
2珠粒 | Ready-to-go |
0.3μl | 100pmol引物1(AM34,SEQ ID NO:9) |
0.3μl | 100pmol引物2(AM35,SEQ ID NO:10) |
0.1μl | Pwo聚合酶 |
1 | 94℃ | 2分钟 |
2 | 94℃ | 30秒 |
3 | 55℃ | 30秒 |
4 | 72℃ | 90秒 |
2-4 | 25次循环 | |
5 | 72℃ | 10分钟 |
实施例2:变体的热稳定性
制备许多样品,每个样品包含10LU/ml特异腐质霉角质酶变体。将各样品20μl应用到BETEB平板的孔,平板在68℃下温育过夜(14小时)。在孔周围出现清晰区域,将其作为阳性结果。
将下面本发明的变体进行测试,用于对比的包括参考变体(不是基于所述发明)。
参考 | E6Q+A14P+E47K+R51P+E179Q |
本发明 | 参考 +S48E+A88H+N91H+R189V参考 +(AAVDSNHTPAVPELVAR,SEQ ID NO:2)+Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D参考 +N44D+A130V参考 +Q1C+L2V+G120D参考 +A88L+R189A参考 +S48E+L66I+A88L+I169A+R189H参考 +A88V+S116K+S119P+Q139R+I169V+R189V参考 +A88V+R189A参考 +S48K+A88H+I169G+R189H参考 +Q1L+L2Q+A4V+S11T参考 +T164S参考 +L174F参考 +H49Y参考 +(AAVDSNHTPAVPELVAR,SEQ ID NO:2)+Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+R189V参考 +(AAVDSNHTPAVPELVAR,SEQ ID NO:2)+Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+N44D+A130V参考 +(AAVDSNHTPAVPELVAR,SEQ ID NO:2)+Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+N44D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+A16T参考 +A130V参考 +Q1C+L2V参考 +G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V |
参考 +G8D+N15D+T29M+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+T29I+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+T29C+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+L174F+I178V+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166M+I168F+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166I+L167P+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+V38H+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+I169T+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+V38H+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V参考 +G8D+N15D+T29M+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166I+L167P+R189V |
如上所示,每一种变体都包含与参考变体有相同的取代(E6Q+A14P+E47K+R51P+E179Q),以及额外的一个或多个基于本发明的取代。如上面所示,有4个变体被认为拥有N末端延伸,自前导序列中的取代A(-7)V开始,其导致了切割位点的改变。
结果显示本发明所有的变体都显示了明显的清晰区,而参考变体却没有出现。参考变体在60℃的相似试验中出现了清晰区。所以,根据本发明的每组取代明显的改善了变体的热稳定性。
一些变体还在更高的温度下进行了检测,上面的一些变体在76℃的高温下显示阳性结果。
实施例3:在去污剂存在下变体的稳定性
角质酶变体和阴离子表面活性剂(10或40ppm的Avolan,Bayer产品)在60℃下温育,14小时后测定残余活性。在前面实施例中描述过的变体中8个被发现在与10ppm去污剂温育后还有明显的残余活性,与40ppm去污剂温育后还有一些活性。参考变体没有显示残余活性。
实施例4:通过DSC的热稳定性
角质酶变体的热稳定性在pH10(50mM甘氨酸缓冲液)的条件下通过DSC进行了研究。以恒定程序的加热速率加热酶溶液后所得到的温谱图(Cp对T)中热变性曲线的峰值(主热吸收峰)作为热变性温度,Td。
发现上述参考变体其Td为68℃。在实施例2中描述的本发明的变体被发现其Td为71-72℃,即这是一个很明显的改进。
实施例5:变体的清洗性能
在下面条件下,参考变体和实施例2中描述的本发明变体在清洗试验中用两种不同去污剂进行检测:
去污剂:商用日本去污剂,含大量阴离子表面活性剂
去污剂浓度:0.50g/L或0.67g/L
每杯测试布样(swatch):
3个棉布样(8 x 8cm),被猪油/棕脂肪(fat brown)污染
3个棉/聚酯布样(4.5 x 4.5cm)被口红污染
2个商用皮脂(sebum)布样(5 x 5cm)
1个白色聚酯布样(5 x 5cm)
清洗机器:Terg-O-Tometer,100r.p.m.
角质酶变体剂量:0,2000,5000,10000LU/L
水硬度:3°dH(Ca)
清洗温度:25℃
清洗液:1升/杯
清洗时间:10min
漂洗:10min流动自来水
干燥:晾干(line dry),过夜
去垢力是通过比较口红样品与没加角质酶变体洗涤的样品的缓解增加值(remission increase)(ΔR)来测定的。结果显示在各种去污剂的剂量为2000-10000LU/L时,加入本发明角质酶变体所提供的ΔR为10-16,而参考变体提供的ΔR为3-7。
来自猪油样品的棕脂肪的再沉积,是通过比较白色聚酯样品与未加角质酶变体的样品缓解增加值(ΔR)来测定的。结果显示,在在各种去污剂的剂量为5000-10000LU/L时,本发明角质酶变体提供的ΔR是参考变体的两倍多。
此外,所述两种变体的稳定性也在两种去污剂溶液中进行了测定。在25℃,10分钟后,本发明角质酶变体在两种去污剂中的残余活性为92-95%,而参考变体的残余活性为71-72%。结果显示本发明变体在洗涤性能,抗再沉积效果和在去污剂溶液中的稳定性方面有很明显改善。
实施例6:聚酯织品处理
聚酯织品用本发明角质酶变体与参考变体(都在实施例2中作了描述)进行了如下的处理:
1.测试条件
温度:75℃
清洗时间:3hrs
pH:9.0(50mM甘氨酰甘氨酸缓冲液)
织品:聚酯(Teijin),14cmX 14cm
浴比(bath ratio):5片(pieces)/1000ml(=约13g/L)
酶的剂量:0,10,50,100mg/L(基于酶蛋白)
T-O-M:100rpm
漂洗时间:用自来水(tap water)处理10min
2.程序
1.在105℃,干燥一组5片的聚酯2小时
2.在干燥器中冷却至少30分钟
3.称量该组重量
4.在75℃,100rpm,用变体洗涤该组聚酯3小时
5.用自来水漂洗该组10分钟
6.将其晾干过夜
7.105℃干燥2小时
8.在干燥器中冷却至少30分钟
9.称量该组重量
10.计算重量损失
下面结果显示了重量损失
结果显示本发明变体在75℃时的热稳定性足以使其发挥效用,而参考变体没有什么效果。
实施例7:对变性(denatured)厨用油(cooking oil)的清洁效果
本发明的角质酶变体(实施例2中描述)被用来测试其对厨房中真实的氧化油污的清洁效果。
在中性pH条件的商用液体洗餐具(dish-washing)去污剂中加入1000LU/ml的角质酶变体。将有角质酶变体的去污剂直接用于粘在厨房通风设备滤器上的变性厨用油油渍上,放置15、30或60分钟,最后用自来水冲洗1分钟。
目视可见氧化的油渍被有效的清除。而对照试验中使用没有加入角质酶的去污剂显示去污效果很小。
实施例8:角质酶变体的抗-起球(anti-pilling)与去起球(depilling)效果
用实施例2中的参考变体作为对照,用本发明角质酶变体(在实施例2中描述)处理聚酯织品。条件是:75℃,3小时洗涤,pH9.0(甘氨酰甘氨酸缓冲液),14 x 14cm桃色外表聚酯织品(peach skin polyester)(Toray生产,日本),浴比为5片(约16克)每1000ml,Tergotometer(涤垢仪)为100rpm,然后用自来水漂洗10分钟。
用10、50和100mg/L角质酶变体处理的织品与对照试验相比显示改善的去-起球和抗-起球效果。观察到纱的网格在处理后变得更加清晰,显然是因为细毛(fuzz)被去除并且细毛(微纤维)变短。
实施例9:角质酶变体在吸水(water absorption)方面的效果
用与前述实施例相同的角质酶变体100mg/l和相同条件处理热带平织聚酯(Teijin,日本),然后用蛋白酶()处理以除去残留在织品表面的任何角质酶蛋白,皂洗,漂洗,干燥。对照试验除了不用角质酶处理以外同样进行。
通过切成条,将条的末端浸入色料溶液中,去除条上多余的色料,并测量被染色部分的高度,来检测处理过的织品。被角质酶变体处理过的增加的染色部分高度从16到77mm,显示出改善了吸水性。
序列表
<110>诺维信公司(NOVOZYMES A/S)
<120>角质酶变体
<130>10038-WO
<160>10
<170>PatentIn version 3.0
<210>1
<211>194
<212>PRT
<213>特异腐质霉(Humicola insolens)
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<211>17
<212>PRT
<213>人工的/未知的
<220>
<221>misc_feature
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<211>42
<212>DNA
<213>人工的/未知的
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Claims (32)
1.一种亲代真菌角质酶的变体,该变体:
a)包括至少一个相应于特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800的角质酶中的位点A4、T29、A88、N91、A130、Q139、I169、I178或R189(特异腐质霉角质酶的编号)的氨基酸残基的取代,和
b)比亲代角质酶的热稳定性更强。
2.前述权利要求的变体,其中包括取代A4V、T29M/I/C、A88H/L/V、N91H、A130V、Q139R、I169A/G/T/V、I178V或R189A/H/V。
3.一种亲代真菌角质酶的变体,该变体:
a)包括至少一个相应于特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800的角质酶中的位点Q1C/L、L2K/Q/V、G8D、S11T、N15D、A16T、V38H、S48E/K、H49Y、L66I、S116K、S119P、G120D、T164S、T166M/I或L167P(特异腐质霉角质酶编号)的氨基酸残基的取代,和
b)比亲代角质酶热稳定性更强。
4.前述任一项权利要求的变体,其中亲代角质酶:
a)原产于丝状真菌,具体为腐质霉属或镰孢属的菌株,具体为特异腐质霉或豌豆腐皮镰孢,更具体为特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800,
b)具有可以与特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800角质酶的序列对比的氨基酸序列,或
c)具有与特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800角质酶至少有50%的同源性,特别是至少70%同源性,更特别是至少80%同源性的氨基酸序列。
5.一种特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800的角质酶变体,该变体:
a)包括对氨基酸残基N44、I168或L174的取代,和
b)比亲代角质酶热稳定性更强。
6.前述权利要求的变体,其中包括取代N44D、I168F或L174F。
7.前述任一项权利要求的变体,其具有1-20种所述取代,特别是2-15种。
8.前述任一项权利要求的变体,包括相应如下的取代:
a)S48E+A88H+N91H+R189V
b)Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D
c)N44D+A130V
d)Q1C+L2V+G120D
e)A88L+R189A
f)S48E+L66I+A88L+I169A+R189H
g)A88V+S116K+S119P+Q139R+I169V+R189V
h)A88V+R189A
i)S48K+A88H+I169G+R189H
j)Q1L+L2Q+A4V+S11T
k)T164S
I)L174F
m)H49Y
n)Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+R189V
o)Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+N44D+A130V
p)Q1L+L2K+G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V
q)G8D+N15D+A16T
r)A130V
s)Q1C+L2V
t)G8D+N15D+A16T
u)G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V
v)G8D+N15D+T29M+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V
w)G8D+N15D+T29I+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V和/或
x)G8D+N15D+T29C+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V
y)G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+L174F+I178V+R189V
z)G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166M+I168F+R189V
aa)G8D+N15D+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166I+L167P+R189V
bb)G8D+N15D+V38H+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+I169T+R189V
cc)G8D+N15D+V38H+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+R189V
dd)G8D+N15D+T29M+S48E+A88H+N91H+A130V+T166I+L167P+R189V。
9.前述任一项权利要求的变体,其还包括至少一个相应于位点Q1、L2、E6、E10、S11、A14、N15、F24、L46、E47、R51、D63、L138和/或E179(特异腐质霉的角质酶编号)的氨基酸的取代。
10.前述权利要求的变体,其包括至少一个相应于位点Q1P、L2V、E6Q、E10Q、S11C、A14P、N15T、F24Y、L46I、E47K、R51P、D63N、L138I和/或E179Q(特异腐质霉的角质酶编号)的取代。
11.前述权利要求的变体,其中包括相应E6Q+A14P+E47K+R51P+E179Q的取代。
12.前述任一项权利要求的变体,其具有针对对苯二酸酯,尤其是环三(对苯二甲酸亚乙酯)和/或对苯二酸二(2-羟乙基)二苯甲酸酯(BETEB)的水解活性。
13.前述任一项权利要求的变体,其中具有的变性温度比其亲代角质酶至少高出5℃,尤其是在pH8.5的条件下测量。
14.编码前述任一项权利要求的变体的DNA序列。
15.包括前述权利要求的DNA序列的载体。
16.一种携带有权利要求14的DNA序列或权利要求15的载体的转化的宿主细胞。
17.一种制备权利要求1-13中任一项的变体的方法,包括
a)培养权利要求16的细胞,以表达并可选择地分泌变体,和
b)回收该变体。
18.一种制备角质酶变体的方法,其中包括:
a)选择亲代真菌角质酶,
b)在特异腐质霉角质酶的位点A4、G8、A16、T29、V38、N44、S48、H49、L66、A88、N91、S116、S119、G120、A130、Q139、T164、T166、L167、I168、I169、L174、I178或R189或包括所述位点的区域(特异腐质霉的角质酶编号)的亲代角质酶取代、缺失或插入中改变至少一个氨基酸残基,并且也可任选在其它位点进行以得到角质酶变体,
c)测试角质酶变体的热稳定性,
d)任选重复步骤b-c,
e)选择热稳定性比其亲代角质酶更高的角质酶变体,和
f)制备所选出的角质酶变体。
19.权利要求18的方法,其中的氨基酸的改变是在包括至少一个所示位点的区内进行定位随机突变而完成的。
20.权利要求18的方法,其中的氨基酸的改变是通过在至少一个所示位点进行点特异性突变而完成的,具体是通过在一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个所述位点进行取代。
21.前述任一项权利要求的方法,其中所选出的变体角质酶的变性温度比其亲代角质酶高至少5℃,特别是在pH为8.5时测量。
22.前述任一项权利要求的方法,其中亲代角质酶:
a)原产于丝状真菌,具体为腐质霉属或镰孢属,具体为特异腐质霉或豌豆腐皮镰孢,更具体为特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800,
b)具有可以与特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800角质酶序列对比的氨基酸序列,或
c)具有与特异腐质霉菌株DSM1800角质酶至少有50%的同源性,具体为至少70%同源性,更具体为至少80%同源性的氨基酸序列。
23.一种酶水解对苯二甲酸亚乙酯的环状寡聚物的方法,其包括用亲代真菌角质酶的变体处理环状寡聚物,其中所述变体包括一个或多个相应如下位点的氨基酸残基的取代:特异腐质霉角质酶的A4、G8、A16、T29、V38、N44、S48、H49、L66、A88、N91、S116、S119、G120、A130、Q139、T164、T166、L167、I168、I169、L174、I178或R189(特异腐质霉角质酶编号)。
24.前述权利要求的方法,其中的环状寡聚物为环三(对苯二甲酸亚乙酯)。
25.权利要求23或24的方法,其中的处理在55℃以上进行。
26.权利要求23-25的任一项所述方法,其中的环状寡聚物出现在含聚酯的织品或纱的纤维中。
27.权利要求23-26的任一项所述方法,其进一步包括随后的漂洗织品或纱,特别是用pH值范围在约7-约11的水溶液漂洗。
28.一种改善含PET纱或织品的功能性整理剂的方法,包括
a)用亲代真菌角质酶变体处理纱或织品,其变体包括相应如下位点的一个或多个氨基酸残基的取代:特异腐质霉角质酶的A4、G8、A16、T29、V38、N44、S48、H49、L66、A88、N91、S116、S119、G120、A130、Q139、T164、T166、L167、I168、I169、L174、I178或R189(特异腐质霉的角质酶编号),和
b)用选自软化剂、防皱树脂、抗静电剂、抗污染剂的整理剂处理纱或织品。
29.一种聚酯织品或纱染色的方法,包括:
a)使用在pH8.5的条件下,热变性温度为65℃或高于65℃的角质酶处理织物或纱;和
b)用活性染料或分散染料对处理过的织品进行染色。
30.前述权利要求的方法,其中角质酶是亲代真菌角质酶的变体,所述变体包括相应如下位点的一个或多个氨基酸残基的取代:特异腐质霉角质酶的A4、G8、A16、T29、V38、N44、S48、H49、L66、A88、N91、S116、S119、G120、A130、Q139、T164、T166、L167、I168、I169、L174、I178或R189(特异腐质霉角质酶编号)。
31.一种去污剂组合物,包括表面活性剂和权利要求1-13任一项所述的变体。
32.一种真菌角质酶,其在N末端有肽延伸AAVDSNHTPAVPELVAR(SEQ ID NO:2)。
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DE60132327T2 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
ES2248328T3 (es) | 2006-03-16 |
EP1290129A1 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
CA2408406C (en) | 2014-07-29 |
JP2003534797A (ja) | 2003-11-25 |
CA2408406A1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
CN1426463A (zh) | 2003-06-25 |
CN1221648C (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
ATE302845T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
CN101423824B (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
EP1290150B1 (en) | 2005-08-24 |
MXPA02011911A (es) | 2003-05-27 |
US6960459B2 (en) | 2005-11-01 |
AU2001260085A1 (en) | 2001-12-11 |
EP1290129B1 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
DE60132327D1 (de) | 2008-02-21 |
DE60112928D1 (de) | 2005-09-29 |
JP4988124B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
ATE383414T1 (de) | 2008-01-15 |
WO2001092502A1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
DE60112928T2 (de) | 2006-06-14 |
US20020123123A1 (en) | 2002-09-05 |
CN1432058A (zh) | 2003-07-23 |
EP1290150A1 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
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