4.4BSD Documents
[PAPERS]
[PSD]
[SMM]
[USD]
[IPv6]
This is just a snapshot of the 4.4BSD Lite Documents which are
part of the FreeBSD operating system. Some Documents are missing
due the AT&T copyright.
You can get them all in the printed version from O'Reilly,
but it's not worth the trouble. They're pretty out-of-date.
The troff documents are converted to HTML with
unroff, a Scheme-based, programmable, extensible troff
translator with a back-end for the Hypertext Markup Language.
The -me documents do not look good formatted.
Other Unix documents:
Unix Seventh Edition Manual, Volume 2.
Wolfram Schneider
<wosch@FreeBSD.org>,
Mar 1997.
- Contents of Paper
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
- Berkeley Pascal
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Berkeley Pascal PX Implementation Notes
Version 2.0 Performance Effects of Disk Subsystem Choices for VAX**
Systems Running 4.2BSD UNIX. William N. Joy, M. Kirk McKusick.
Revised January, 1979.
- Disk Performance
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Performance Effects of Disk Subsystem Choices for VAX** Systems
Running 4.2BSD UNIX. Bob Kridle, Marshall Kirk McKusick. Revised
July 27, 1983.
- Tune the 4.2BSD Kernel
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Using gprof to Tune the 4.2BSD Kernel. Marshall Kirk McKusick.
Revised May 21, 1984 (?).
- New Virtual Memory
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A New Virtual Memory Implementation for Berkeley. Marshall Kirk
McKusick, Michael J. Karels. Revised 1986.
- Kernel Malloc
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Design of a General Purpose Memory Allocator for the 4.3BSD UNIX
Kernel. Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J. Karels. Reprinted from:
Proceedings of the San Francisco USENIX Conference, pp. 295-303,
June 1988.
- Release Engineering
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The Release Engineering of 4.3BSD. Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael
J. Karels, Keith Bostic. Revised 1989.
- Beyond 4.3BSD
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Current Research by The Computer Systems Research Group of
Berkeley. Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels, Keith Sklower,
Kevin Fall, Marc Teitelbaum, Keith Bostic. Revised February 2,
1989.
- Memory Based Filesystem
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A Pageable Memory Based Filesystem. Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael
J. Karels, Keith Bostic. Revised 1990.
- Filesystem Interface
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Toward a Compatible Filesystem Interface. Michael J. Karels,
Marshall Kirk McKusick. Conference of the European Users' Group,
September 1986. Last modified April 16, 1991.
- System Performance
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Measuring and Improving the Performance of Berkeley UNIX. Marshall
Kirk McKusick, Samuel J. Leffler, Michael J. Karels. Revised April
17, 1991.
- Not Quite NFS
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Not Quite NFS, Soft Cache Consistency for NFS. Rick Macklem.
Reprinted with permission from the "Proceedings of the Winter 1994
Usenix Conference", January 1994, San Francisco.
- Malloc(3) malloc
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Malloc(3) in modern Virtual Memory environments. Poul-Henning Kamp.
Revised April 5, 1996.
- Jail(2)
(Postscript,
ASCII)
-
Jails: Confining the omnipotent root.
Poul-Henning Kamp and Robert N. M. Watson.
This paper was presented at the 2nd International
System Administration and Networking Conference
"SANE 2000" May 22-25, 2000 in Maastricht.
- The case for struct bio
(Postscript,
ASCII)
-
A road map for a stackable BIO subsystem in FreeBSD.
Poul-Henning Kamp.
Revised July 2000.
- Title of PSD
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
- Contents of PSD
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Documents of Historical Interest
- PSD:1 The Unix Time-Sharing System
-
Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson's original paper
about UNIX, reprinted from Communications of the
ACM. (encumbered)
- PSD:2 Unix Implementation
-
Ken Thompson's description of the implementation
of the Version 7 kernel and file system. (encumbered)
- PSD:3 The Unix I/O System
-
Dennis Ritchie's overview of the I/O System of
Version 7; still helpful for those writing device
drivers. (encumbered)
- PSD:4 Unix Programming - Second Edition
-
Describes the programming interface to the UNIX
version 7 operating system and the standard I/O
library. Should be supplemented by Kernighan and
Pike, ``The UNIX Programming Environment'', Prentice-Hall,
1984 and especially by the Programmer
Reference Manual section 2 (system calls) and 3
(library routines). (encumbered)
- PSD:5 Berkeley Software Architecture Manual (4.4 Edition)
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A concise and terse description of the system call
interface provided in Berkeley Unix, as revised
for 4.4BSD. This will never be a best seller.
Languages in common use
- PSD:6 The C Programming Language - Reference Manual
-
Official statement of the syntax of C. Should be
supplemented by ``The C Programming Language,''
B.W. Kernighan and D.M. Ritchie, Prentice-Hall,
1978, that contains a tutorial introduction and
many examples. (encumbered)
- PSD:7 Berkeley Pascal User's Manual
-
An implementation of this language popular for
learning to program. (Not provided in FreeBSD.)
- PSD:8 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler
-
A revised version of the document which originally
appeared in Volume 2b of the Bell Labs documentation;
this version reflects the work done at
Berkeley. (encumbered)
- PSD:9 Introduction to the f77 I/O Library
-
A description of the revised input/output library
for Fortran 77, reflecting work carried out at
Berkeley. (Not provided in FreeBSD.)
Programming Tools
- PSD:10 Debugging with GDB: The GNU Source-Level Debugger
-
How to debug programs using the source level gdb
debugger (or how to debug programs without having
to know much about machine language). (A TeXinfo
version is provided separately.)
- PSD:11 A Tutorial Introduction to ADB
-
How to debug programs using the assembly-language
level adb debugger. (encumbered)
- PSD:12 Make - A Program for Maintaining Computer Programs
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Indispensable tool for making sure large programs
are properly compiled with minimal effort.
- PSD:13 An Introduction to the Revision Control System
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
- Functions of RCS
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
RCS is a user-contributed tool for working
together with other people without stepping on
each other's toes. An alternative to sccs for
controlling software changes.
- PSD:14 An Introduction to the Source Code Control System
-
A useful introductory article for those users with
installations licensed for SCCS. (encumbered)
- PSD:15 YACC: Yet Another Compiler-Compiler
-
Converts a BNF specification of a language and
semantic actions written in C into a compiler for
that language. (encumbered)
- PSD:16 LEX - A Lexical Analyzer Generator
-
Creates a recognizer for a set of regular expressions:
each regular expression can be followed by
arbitrary C code to be executed upon finding the
regular expression. (encumbered)
- PSD:17 The M4 Macro Processor
-
M4 is a macro processor useful in its own right
and as a front-end for C, Ratfor, and Cobol.
- PSD:18 gprof - a Call Graph Execution Profiler
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A program to show the call graph and execution
time of a program. Indispensable aid for improving
the running time of almost everything.
Programming Libraries
- PSD:19 Screen Updating and Cursor Movement Optimization
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Describes the curses package, an aid for writing
screen-oriented, terminal-independent programs.
General Reference
- PSD:20 An Introductory 4.4BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
How to write programs that use the Interprocess
Communication Facilities of 4.4BSD.
- PSD:21 An Advanced 4.4BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The reference document (with some examples) for
the Interprocess Communication Facilities of
4.4BSD.
- PSD:22 RPCGEN Programming Guide
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Manual for the ONC RPC stub-generating program,
provided by Sun Microsystems.
- PSD:23 Remote Procedure Call Programming Guide
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A tutorial introduction to programming the ONC RPC
system, provided by Sun Microsystems.
- PSD:24 External Data Representation: Sun Technical Notes
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Technical details about the design of the XDR component
of ONC RPC, provided by Sun Microsystems.
- PSD:25 External Data Representation Standard: Protocol Specification
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The Internet RFC specifying ONC XDR, provided by
Sun Microsystems.
- PSD:26 Remote Procedure Calls: Protocol Specification
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The Internet RFC specifying ONC RPC, RFC 1050, as
provided by Sun Microsystems.
- PSD:27 Network File System: Version 2 Protocol Specification
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The Internet RFC specifying NFS, as provided by
Sun Microsystems. Note that the NFS-compatible
filesystem itself, while compliant with this specification,
was not provided by Sun.
- PSD:28 CVS II: Parallelizing Software Development
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
CVS (Concurrent Versions System) is a front end
to the RCS revision control system which extends
the notion of revision control from a collection
of files in a single directory to a hierarchical
collection of directories each containing
revision controlled files.
- Title of SMM
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
- Contents of SMM
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
- SMM:1 Installing and Operating 4.4BSD
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The definitive reference document for those occasions when you
find you need to start over again.
- SMM:2 Building 4.4BSD Kernels with Config
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
In-depth discussions of the use and operation of
the config program, and how to build your very own
Unix kernel.
- SMM:3 Fsck - The UNIX File System Check Program
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A reference document for using the fsck program
during times of file system distress.
- SMM:4 Disc Quotas in a UNIX Environment
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A light introduction to the techniques for limiting
the use of disc resources.
- SMM:5 A Fast File System for UNIX
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A description of the 4.4BSD file system organization,
design and implementation.
- SMM:6 The 4.4BSD NFS Implementation
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
An overview of the design, implementation, and use
of NFS on 4.4BSD.
- SMM:7 Line Printer Spooler Manual
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
This document describes the structure and installation procedure
for the line printer spooling system.
- SMM:8 Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The last word in installing and operating the
sendmail program.
- SMM:9 Sendmail - An Internetwork Mail Router
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
An overview document on the design and implementation of sendmail.
- SMM:10 Name Server Operations Guide for BIND
-
Setting up and operating the name to Internet
addressing software. If you have a network this
will be of interest.
A documentation for BIND Release 4.9.4 is
avaialble from http://www.kvikkjokk.com/docs/bind/bog.html
- SMM:11 Timed Installation and Operation Guide
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Describes how to maintain time synchronization
between machines in a local network.
- SMM:12 The Berkeley UNIX Time Synchronization Protocol
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The protocols and algorithms used by timed, the
network time synchronization daemon.
- SMM:13 AMD - The 4.4BSD Automounter
-
Automatically mounting file systems on demand.
- SMM:14 Installation and Operation of UUCP
-
Describes the implementation of uucp; for the
installer and administrator.
- SMM:15 A Dial-Up Network of UNIX Systems
-
Describes UUCP, a program for communicating files
between UNIX systems.
- SMM:16 On the Security of UNIX
-
Hints on how to break UNIX, and how to avoid your
system being broken.
- SMM:17 Password Security - A Case History
-
How the bad guys used to be able to break the
password algorithm, and why they cannot now (at
least not so easily).
- SMM:18 Networking Implementation Notes, 4.4BSD Edition
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A concise description of the system interfaces
used within the networking subsystem.
- Title of USD
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
- Contents of USD
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
Getting Started
- USD:1 Unix for Beginners - Second Edition
-
An introduction to the most basic uses of the system.
- USD:2 Learn - Computer-Aided Instruction on UNIX (Second Edit)
-
Describes a computer-aided instruction program
that walks new users through the basics of files,
the editor, and document prepararation software.
Basic Utilities
- USD:3 An Introduction to the UNIX Shell
-
Steve Bourne's introduction to the capabilities of
sh, a command interpreter especially popular for
writing shell scripts.
- USD:4 An Introduction to the C shell
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
This introduction to csh, (a command interpreter
popular for interactive work) describes many commonly
used UNIX commands, assumes little prior
knowledge of UNIX, and has a glossary useful for
beginners.
- USD:5 DC - An Interactive Desk Calculator
-
A super HP calculator, if you do not need floating
point.
- USD:6 BC - An Arbitrary Precision Desk-Calculator Language
-
A front end for DC that provides infix notation,
control flow, and built-in functions.
Communicating with the World
- USD:7 Mail Reference Manual
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Complete details on one of the programs for sending and reading
your mail.
- USD:8 The Rand MH Message Handling System
-
This system for managing your computer mail uses
lots of small programs, instead of one large one.
Text Editing
- USD:9 A Tutorial Introduction to the Unix Text Editor
-
An easy way to get started with the line editor,
ed.
- USD:10 Ex Reference Manual (Version 3.7)
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The final reference for the ex editor.
- USD:11 Advanced Editing on Unix
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The next step.
- USD:12 An Introduction to Display Editing with Vi
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The document to learn to use the vi screen editor.
- USD:13 Vi Reference Manual
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The definitive reference for the nvi editor.
- USD:14 Jove Manual for UNIX Users
-
Jove is a small, self-documenting, customizable
display editor, based on EMACS. A plausible
alternative to vi.
- USD:15 SED - A Non-interactive Text Editor
-
Describes a one-pass variant of ed useful as a
filter for processing large files.
- USD:16 AWK - A Pattern Scanning and Processing Language (Second Edition)
-
A program for data selection and transformation.
Document Preparation
- USD:17 Typing Documents on UNIX: Using the -ms Macros with Troff
-
Describes and gives examples of the basic use of
the typesetting tools and ``-ms'', a frequently
used package of formatting requests that make it
easier to lay out most documents.
- USD:18 A Revised Version of -ms
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
A brief description of the Berkeley revisions made
to the -ms formatting macros for nroff and troff.
- USD:19 Writing Papers with nroff using -me
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
Another popular macro package for nroff.
- USD:20 -me Reference Manual
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
The final word on -me.
- USD:21 NROFF/TROFF User's Manual
-
Extremely detailed information about these document
formatting programs.
- USD:22 A TROFF Tutorial
-
An introduction to the most basic uses of troff
for those who really want to know such things, or
want to write their own macros.
- USD:23 A System for Typesetting Mathematics
-
Describes eqn, an easy-to-learn language for high-quality
mathematical typesetting.
- USD:24 Typesetting Mathematics - User's Guide (Second Edition)
-
More details about how to use eqn.
- USD:25 Tbl - A Program to Format Tables
-
A program for easily typesetting tabular material.
- USD:26 Refer - A Bibliography System
-
An introduction to one set of tools used to maintain
bibliographic databases. The major program,
refer, is used to automatically retrieve and format
the references based on document citations.
- USD:27 Some Applications of Inverted Indexes on the UNIX System
-
Mike Lesk's paper describes the refer programs in
a somewhat larger context.
- USD:28 BIB - A Program for Formatting Bibliographies
-
This is an alternative to refer for expanding
citations in documents.
- USD:29 Writing Tools - The STYLE and DICTION Programs
-
These are programs which can help you understand
and improve your writing style.
Amusements
- USD:30 A Guide to the Dungeons of Doom
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
An introduction to the popular game of rogue, a
fantasy game which is one of the biggest known
users of VAX cycles.
- USD:31 Star Trek
(Postscript,
PDF,
ASCII)
-
You are the Captain of the Starship Enterprise.
Wipe out the Klingons and save the Federation.
KAME Project is a joint effort of seven companies in Japan
to provide a free IPv6 and IPsec (for both IPv4 and IPv6) stack for
BSD variants to the world.
- Implementation
(ASCII)
-
[PAPERS]
[PSD]
[SMM]
[USD]
[IPv6]
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URL: https://docs-archive.freebsd.org/44doc/
E-Mail: www@FreeBSD.org