JP5044392B2 - 固体酸化物形燃料電池用空気極材料 - Google Patents
固体酸化物形燃料電池用空気極材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5044392B2 JP5044392B2 JP2007513500A JP2007513500A JP5044392B2 JP 5044392 B2 JP5044392 B2 JP 5044392B2 JP 2007513500 A JP2007513500 A JP 2007513500A JP 2007513500 A JP2007513500 A JP 2007513500A JP 5044392 B2 JP5044392 B2 JP 5044392B2
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- Prior art keywords
- air electrode
- particles
- fuel cell
- doped ceria
- average particle
- Prior art date
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- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MZZUATUOLXMCEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt manganese Chemical group [Mn].[Co] MZZUATUOLXMCEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
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- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002077 partially stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019983 sodium metaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical group [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUBYTSCYMRPPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Yb+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KUBYTSCYMRPPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
- H01M4/9025—Oxides specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
- H01M4/9033—Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type M1MeO3, M1 being an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth, Me being a metal, e.g. perovskites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
- H01M8/1253—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Description
(1) 鉄含有ペロブスカイト型酸化物のBサイトを構成する鉄に加えて7a族元素や8族元素を適量混合すれば、導電性や電極活性が更に向上し、空気極材料として好ましい組成になる。
(2) ペロブスカイト型酸化物のAサイトを構成する主たる元素をプラセオジムとすれば、ランタンの場合と比較して、電解質との反応性が抑えられて高温安定性が向上する。
(3) プラセオジムと共に適量のアルカリ土類金属または希土類元素を混合すれば、電解質との熱膨張差も少なくなり、空気極材料として非常に優れたものが得られる。
(PrxA1-x)(FeyB1-y)O3……(I)
[式中、Aは、アルカリ土類金属元素および希土類元素から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示し;Bは、7a族元素および8族元素から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示し;xは0.5≦x≦1;yは0.5≦y≦1を示す]
また、本発明の固体酸化物形燃料電池用空気極は、固体酸化物形燃料電池における固体電解質の片面側に形成される空気極であって、本発明に係る空気極材料で形成されたものであることを特徴とする。
(PrxA1-x)(FeyB1-y)O3……(I)
[式中、Aは、アルカリ土類金属元素および希土類元素から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示し;Bは、7a族元素および8族元素から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示し;xは0.5≦x≦1;yは0.5≦y≦1を示す]
上記式において、A元素として用いられる好ましいアルカリ土類金属は、Ca,Sr,Baなどである。また、好ましい希土類元素としては、La,Ce,Sm,Gdなどが挙げられる。これらは各々単独で使用し得る他、必要に応じて2種以上を任意の組合せで併用してもよい。これらの中でも特に好ましいのは、SrとCeである。
(1) 空気極用ペーストの調製
原料であるペロブスカイト型酸化物粉末としては、市販の純度99.9%のPr2O3,La2O3,CeO2,Gd2O3,Sm2O3,CaCO3,SrCO3,BaCO3,Fe2O3,NiO,Mn2O3,Co3O4,およびCuOの粉末を使用した。これらを表1,2に示す組成となる様に混合した。当該混合物にエタノールを加え、ビーズミルで1時間粉砕混合した。次いで、乾燥してから800℃で1時間仮焼した。さらに、エタノールを加えてビーズミルで1時間粉砕混合してから乾燥した。その後、1100〜1300℃で5時間固相反応させた。
4モル%のスカンジアで安定化されたジルコニアからなる4ScSZ電解質膜(厚さ150μm×直径30mm)の片面に、NiO/10モル%スカンジア1モル%セリア安定化ジルコニアからなる燃料極が形成した。当該ハーフセルの他方側の面に、上記で得た空気極用ペーストを、100メッシュのステンレス製金網の刷版を用いてスクリーン印刷した。乾燥後950〜1200℃で焼成することによって、膜厚が約45μmの空気極膜を形成し、燃料電池セルを作製した。同様の燃料電池セルは、各例ごとに4個ずつ作製した。
図1に略示する小型単セル発電装置を用いて、上記で作製したセルについて発電試験を行い、そのセル出力密度を測定した。燃料ガスとしては800℃の3%水蒸気加湿水素を、また、酸化剤としては空気を使用した。電流測定装置としては、アドバンテスト社製の商品名「R8240」を用い、電流電圧発生器としては、同アドバンテスト社製の商品名「R6240」を使用した。結果を表1〜3に示す。
連続発電による出力密度の劣化傾向を確認するため、300mA/cm2の電流を流してセル端子電圧を測定し、初期から200時間、500時間、1000時間経過後の劣化率を測定した。結果を表1〜3に示す。なお、セル端子電圧低下率は下記の様にして求めた。なお、対照例1〜4、6と7では、上記試験例1で測定した初期出力密度が低かったので、当該測定は行わなかった。また、本発明に係る実施例5、6、20および23では、実験時間を短縮するために、500時間または1000時間経過後の測定を省略した。
[セル端子電圧低下率]=[(初期の出力電圧−所定時間経過後の出力電圧)/初期の出力電圧]×100(%)
新品のセルを使用し、100時間連続運転後にヒータを停止して室温まで降温し、室温で20時間保持してから800℃に昇温する熱サイクルを3〜5回繰返し、そのときのセル端子電圧の低下率も測定した。その結果を、サーマルサイクル劣化率として表1〜3に示す。なお、対照例3と4では、上記試験例1で測定した初期出力密度が非常に低かったので、当該測定を行わなかった。
上記で作製した各実施例の燃料電池セルのうち2個を電気炉内に挿入し、950℃で500時間加熱した。その後、出力密度を測定し、その低下率を算出することにより、劣化促進テストを行った。結果を表1〜3に示す。
Claims (4)
- 下記一般式(I)で表されるペロブスカイト型酸化物を含むことを特徴とする固体酸化物形燃料電池用空気極材料。
(PrxA1-x)(FeyB1-y)O3……(I)
[式中、Aは、アルカリ土類金属元素および希土類元素から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示し;Bは、Mn、NiおよびCuから選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示し;xは0.5≦x≦1;yは0.5≦y≦1を示す] - 固体酸化物形燃料電池における固体電解質の片面側に形成される空気極であって、請求項1に記載の空気極材料で形成されたものであることを特徴とする固体酸化物形燃料電池用空気極。
- 固体電解質の片面側に空気極が形成され、他方面側に燃料極が形成された固体酸化物形燃料電池セルであって、空気極が請求項1に記載の空気極材料で形成されたものである固体酸化物形燃料電池セル。
- 固体電解質が、スカンジウム、イットリウムおよびイッテルビウムよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素の酸化物で安定化されたジルコニアからなる請求項3に記載の燃料電池セル。
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PCT/JP2007/052247 WO2007091642A1 (ja) | 2006-02-10 | 2007-02-08 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用空気極材料 |
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JP5144236B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-05 | 2013-02-13 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
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KR102137988B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-07-27 | 울산과학기술원 | 페로브스카이트 구조를 가지는 대칭형 고체 산화물 연료전지, 그 제조 방법 및 대칭형 고체 산화물 수전해 셀 |
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GB202009687D0 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2020-08-12 | Ceres Ip Co Ltd | Layer |
JP7278241B2 (ja) * | 2020-08-03 | 2023-05-19 | 森村Sofcテクノロジー株式会社 | 電気化学反応単セル |
CN112072148B (zh) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-07-13 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | 自支撑多孔电极烧结制备方法 |
WO2022050356A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-10 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 金属酸化物、酸素吸蔵材、酸素吸脱着装置、酸素吸脱着方法、酸素濃縮装置、及び酸素濃縮方法 |
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