JP2017192714A - 超薄型流体吸収性製品 - Google Patents
超薄型流体吸収性製品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017192714A JP2017192714A JP2017067910A JP2017067910A JP2017192714A JP 2017192714 A JP2017192714 A JP 2017192714A JP 2017067910 A JP2017067910 A JP 2017067910A JP 2017067910 A JP2017067910 A JP 2017067910A JP 2017192714 A JP2017192714 A JP 2017192714A
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- water
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Abstract
Description
(A)上側の液体透過性シート(89)、
(B)下側の液体不透性シート(83)、及び
(C)上側シート(89)と、下側シート(83)との間にある流体吸収性芯材であって、この芯材は、上側層(91)及び下側層(92)の少なくとも2つの層を有しており、各層は、吸水性ポリマー粒子と繊維材料との合計に対して、繊維材料を0〜10質量%、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を90〜100質量%含有し、
(D)(89)と(80)との間にある任意の捕捉・分配層(D)
(E)その他の任意の要素
を有する流体吸収性製品によって解決され、
前記上側層(91)内にある吸水性ポリマー粒子は好ましくは、少なくとも0.89の球形度を有し、吸水性ポリマー粒子のCRC及びAUL(21g/cm2、DANA 442.2-02)の合計は、少なくとも65g/gである。
a)少なくとも1種のエチレン系不飽和モノマー(このモノマーは酸基を含有し、少なくとも部分的に中和されていてよい)、
b)任意で1種以上の架橋剤、
c)少なくとも1種の開始剤、
d)任意で、a)で言及したモノマーと共重合可能なエチレン系不飽和モノマー1種以上、
e)任意で、1種以上の水溶性ポリマー、及び
f)水、
を含有するモノマー溶液を重合させることにより、吸水性ポリマー粒子を形成する工程、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を、少なくとも1種の表面後架橋剤で被覆する工程、及び被覆された吸水性ポリマー粒子を熱により表面後架橋する工程を含む方法によって製造される。
A:定義
本明細書で使用するように、「流体吸収性製品」とは、体から放出された液体を捕捉及び貯蔵することができる、あらゆる三次元の固体材料をいう。好ましい流体吸収性製品は、使用者の体と接触して着用されることが意図されている使い捨ての流体吸収性製品であり、例えばパンティライナー、生理用ナプキン、月経用品、失禁用挿入物/パッド、おむつ、トレーニングパンツおむつ、ブラ用パッド、陰唇部挿入物/パッド、又は体液を吸収するために有用な他の製品である。
吸水性ポリマー粒子は、
g)少なくとも1種のエチレン系不飽和モノマー(このモノマーは酸基を含有し、少なくとも部分的に中和されていてよい)、
h)任意で1種以上の架橋剤、
i)少なくとも1種の開始剤、
j)任意で、a)で言及したモノマーと共重合可能なエチレン系不飽和モノマー1種以上、
k)任意で1種以上の水溶性ポリマー、及び
l)水、
を含有するモノマー溶液を重合させることにより、吸水性ポリマー粒子を形成する工程、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を、少なくとも1種の表面後架橋剤で被覆する工程、及び被覆された吸水性ポリマー粒子を熱により表面後架橋する工程を含む方法によって製造される。
モノマー溶液を重合させる。
液滴化により得られる吸水性ポリマー粒子は、残分モノマーの含分を所望の値に調整するため、熱による後処理にかけることができる。
ポリマー粒子は、その特性をさらに改善するために、表面後架橋することができる。
特性を改善するために吸水性ポリマー粒子を、被覆、及び/又は任意で湿潤化することができる。熱による後架橋のために用いる内部流動床、外部流動床、及び/又は外部混合機、及び/又は別個の被覆機(ミキサー)は、吸水性ポリマー粒子を被覆するために使用できる。さらに、冷却器、及び/又は別個の被覆機(ミキサー)が、表面後架橋された吸水性ポリマー粒子を被覆/湿潤化するために使用できる。捕捉性を制御するため、また透過性(SFC又はGBP)を改善するために適切な被覆は例えば、無機の不活性基材、例えば水不溶性金属塩、有機ポリマー、カチオンポリマー、アニオンポリマー、及び多価金属カチオンである。色安定性を改善するための適切な被覆は例えば、還元剤、キレート剤、及び酸化防止剤である。塵芥吸着のために適切な被覆は例えばポリオールである。ポリマー粒子の不所望のケーク化傾向に対して適切な被覆は例えば、Aerosil(登録商標)200、及び界面活性剤、例えばSpan(登録商標)20、及びPlantacare(登録商標)818 UPである。好ましい被覆は、アルミニウムジヒドロキシモノアセテート、硫酸アルミニウム、乳酸アルミニウム、アルミニウム3−ヒドロキシプロピオネート、酢酸ジルコニウム、クエン酸、又はこれらの水溶性塩、Blancolen(登録商標)、Brueggolite(登録商標)FF7、Cublen(登録商標)、Span(登録商標)20、及びPlantacare(登録商標)818 UPである。
吸水性ポリマー粒子はさらに選択的にアグロメレート化することができる。アグロメレート化は、重合、熱による後処理、熱による表面後架橋、又は被覆の後に行うことができる。
熱による後処理と、熱による表面後架橋の工程を、1つの方法工程にまとめるのが好ましい。このような組み合わせにより、低コストの装備を用いることができ、さらに工程を低温で、すなわちコスト面で効率よく稼働させることができ、熱分解による変色と、完成した製品の性能特性の損失を回避できる。
1 乾燥ガス取り入れ管、
2 乾燥ガス量測定部、
3 ガス分配器、
4 液滴化ユニット、
4a 液滴化ユニット、
4b 液滴化ユニット、
4c 液滴化ユニット、
5 反応帯域(噴霧乾燥機の環状部)、
6 コーン、
7 T_出口測定部、
8 塔の排ガス管、
9 粉塵除去ユニット、
10 送風機、
11 冷却ノズル、
12 冷却塔、向流冷却、
13 熱交換器、
14 ポンプ、
15 ポンプ、
16 水出口、
17 送風機、
18 排ガス出口、
19 窒素取り入れ部、
20 熱交換器、
21 送風機、
22 熱交換器、
24 水負荷量測定部、
25 調整した内部流動床ガス、
26 内部流動床生成物温度測定部、
27 内部流動床、
28 ロータリーバルブ、
29 シーブ、
30 最終生成物、
31 スタチックミキサ、
32 スタチックミキサ、
33 開始剤原料、
34 開始剤原料、
35 モノマー原料、
36 再生するための微粒子フラクション出口、
37 ガス乾燥ユニット、
38 モノマー分離ユニット、
39 ガス取り込み管、
40 ガス排出管、
41 ガス乾燥ユニットから冷却塔への水出口、
42 排水出口、
43 T_出口測定部(塔の円周にある3つの測定箇所の平均温度)、
45 開始剤原料と事前に混合したモノマー、
46 噴霧乾燥塔の壁、
47 液滴化ユニット外部配管、
48 液滴化ユニット内部配管、
49 液滴化カセット、
50 テフロンブロック、
51 弁、
52 開始剤原料と事前に混合したモノマー取り入れ管接続部、
53 液滴化プレート、
54 対向プレート、
55 温度制御水のための流路、
56 モノマー溶液のための、デッドスペースがない流路、
57 液滴化カセットのステンレス鋼製ブロック、
58 4つのセグメントを有する、内部流動床の底部、
59 セグメントの分裂開口部、
60 レーキ型撹拌機、
61 レーキ型撹拌機の熊手、
62 混合機、
63 任意の被覆原料、
64 後架橋剤原料、
65 熱による乾燥(表面後架橋)、
66 冷却器、
67 任意の被覆/水原料、
68 コーター、
69 被覆/水原料、
70 ベースポリマー原料、
71 排出帯域、
72 堰開口部、
73 堰板、
74 堰の高さ100%、
75 堰の高さ50%、
76 シャフト、
77 排出コーン、
78 傾き角α、
79 温度センサ(T1〜T6)、
80 パドル(軸の偏り90℃)。
・冷却塔(12)の開始、
・送風機(10)及び(17)の開始、
・熱交換器(20)の開始、
・乾燥ガス循環を95℃に加熱、
・窒素取り入れ部(19)を介して、窒素の供給を開始、
・残留酸素が、4質量%未満になるまで待つ、
・乾燥ガス循環を加熱、
・温度105℃で、水の供給を開始(図示せず)、及び
・目的温度で、水の供給を停止し、液滴化ユニット(4)を介して、モノマーの供給を開始。
・モノマー供給の停止、及び水の供給を開始(図示せず)、
・熱交換器(20)の停止、
・熱交換器(13)を介して乾燥ガス循環を冷却、
・温度105℃で、水の供給を停止、
・60℃の温度で、窒素取り入れ部(19)を介した窒素の供給を停止、
・乾燥ガス循環に、空気を供給(図示せず)。
流体吸収性製品は、以下のものを備えている:
(A)上側の液体透過層(89)
(B)下側の液体不透層(83)
(C)少なくとも2つの層(91、92)を有する、(89)と(83)との間にある流体吸収性芯材(80)、
ここで各層は、吸水性ポリマー材料と繊維材料との合計に対して、
繊維材料を0〜10質量%、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を90〜100質量%含有し、
好ましくは繊維材料を0〜5質量%、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を95〜100質量%含有し、
より好ましくは繊維材料を0質量%、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を100質量%含有し、
(D)(A)と(C)との間にある任意の捕捉・分配層、及び
(E)その他の任意要素。
上側のティッシュ層(95)、吸水性ポリマー粒子を含有する上側層(91)、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を含有する下側層(92)、上側層(91)と下側層(92)との間に挟まれた少なくとも1つの不織布材料の層(94)。
液体透過性シート(A)(89)は一般的に、肌と直接接触する層である。よって、液体透過層は好ましくは、身体にフィットし、柔らかい感じで、使用者の肌にとって不快感をもたらさない。一般的に、「液体透過性」という用語は、液体、すなわち体液、例えば尿、経血、及び/又は膣分泌物が、その厚みを通して容易に透過可できることをいう。液体透過層の基本的な機能は、体液を着用者から吸収し、流体吸収性芯材へと輸送することである。液体透過層は通常、当業者に公知のあらゆる材料、例えば不織布材料、フィルム、又はこれらの組み合わせから形成される。適切な液体透過性シート(A)(89)は、慣用の合成若しくは半合成の繊維、又は二成分繊維、又はポリエステル、レーヨン、若しくは天然繊維のフィルム、又はこれらの組み合わせから構成される。不織布材料の場合、繊維は一般に、結合剤、例えばポリアクリレートによって結合されているのが望ましい。さらに、液体透過性シートは、弾性構成要素を含有することができ、これによって一方向、又は二方向に伸ばせる弾性特性が示される。
液体不透層(B)(83)は、流体吸収性芯材によって吸収され、かつ保持される浸出物が、流体吸収性製品と接触している製品(例えばベッドのシーツ、ズボン、パジャマ、及び下着)を濡らすことを防止する。よって液体不透層(83)は、織布、又は不織布材料、ポリマーフィルム、例えばポリエチレン若しくはポリプロピレンの熱可塑性フィルム、又は複合材料、例えばフィルムでコーティングした不織布材料を有することができる。
流体吸収性芯材(80)は、上側の液体透過層(A)(89)と、下側の液体不透層(B)(83)の間に配置される。
任意の捕捉・分配層(D)は、上側層(A)(89)と、流体吸収性芯材(C)(80)の間に位置しており、好ましくは放出された体液を効率的に獲得するため、また体液を流体吸収性構成材の他の領域若しくは他の層に輸送及び分配するために構成されており、ここで体液が固定化され、貯蔵される。こうして上側層が、放出された液体を捕捉・分配層(D)に移動させ、これを流体吸収性芯材へと分配する。
1.レッグカフ
不織布材料を含有する典型的なレッグカフは、直接押出成形法により作製でき、その間に繊維と不織布材料が同時に作製されるか、又は事前に孔を空けた繊維の積層工程によって作製でき、これは後の時点で不織布材料にすることができる。直接押出成形法の例には、スパンボンド、メルトブロー、溶剤紡糸、電解紡糸、及びこれらの組み合わせが含まれる。積層法の例には、湿式積層法と乾式積層法(例えばエアレイ、カーディング)が含まれる。上記工程の組み合わせには、スパンボンド・メルトブロー・スパンボンド(sms)、スパンボンド・メルトブロー・メルトブロー・スパンボンド(smms)、スパンボンド・カーディング(sc)、スパンボンド・エアレイド(sa)、メルトブロー・エアレイド(ma)、及びこれらの組み合わせが含まれる。直接押出成形法を含むこれらの組み合わせは、同時に、又は後の時点で組み合わせることができる。上記例では、1つ以上の個々の層を、それぞれの方法によって作製できる。よって、「sms」とは、3層の不織布材料を、「smsms」、又は「ssmms」は、5層の不織布材料を意味する。通常、小文字(sms)が各層を示すのに対して、大文字(SMS)は、同様の隣接層をまとめたものを示す。
弾性体は、着用者の胴体周り(例えば腰、及び脚)で流体吸収性製品を確実に保持するため、また柔軟に閉鎖するために使用され、封じ込め性とフィット感が改善される。脚部弾性体は、外部層と内部層若しくは流体吸収性製品との間に、又は外部衣服に面するカバーと、使用者に面する体側のライナーとの間に位置している。適切な弾性体には、熱可塑性ポリウレタン、弾性材料、ポリ(エーテルアミド)ブロックコポリマー、熱可塑性ゴム、スチレンブタジエンコポリマー、シリコーンラバー、天然ゴム、合成ゴム、スチレンイソプレンコポリマー、スチレンエチレンブチレンコポリマー、ナイロンコポリマー、セグメント化されたポリウレタン及び/又はエチレンビニルアセテートコポリマーを含有するスパンデックス繊維のシート、リボン、又はストランドが含まれる。弾性体は、伸ばした後に基材に固定することができるか、又は伸ばした基材に固定することができる。さもなくば、弾性体は基材に固定し、それから弾性化するか、又は収縮させることができる(例えば熱の適用によって)。
閉鎖システムには、テープタブ、ランディングゾーン、弾性体、プルアップ、及びベルトシステム、又はこれらの組み合わせが含まれ得る。
本発明はさらに、構成要素と、流体吸収性製品を得るための前述の層、フィルム、シート、ティッシュ、又は基材の接合に関する。少なくとも2つの、好ましくは全ての層、フィルム、シート、ティッシュ、又は基材を接合させる。
(A)上側の液体透過性シート(89)
(B)下側の液体不透性シート(83)
(C)上側シート(89)と、下側シート(83)との間にある流体吸収性芯材であって、この芯材は、吸水性ポリマー粒子を含有する上側層(91)及び下側層(92)という少なくとも2つの層を有するものであり、各層は、吸水性ポリマー粒子と繊維材料との合計に対して、繊維材料を0〜10質量%、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を90〜100質量%含有し、
(D)(89)と(80)との間にある、任意の捕捉・配分層(D)、
(F)その他の任意の要素、
を有し、ここで、上側層内にある吸水性ポリマー粒子は、少なくとも0.89の球形度、及び少なくとも34g/gのCRCを有する。
(89)と(83)との間にある流体吸収性芯材、及び下側のティッシュ層(95、96)、吸水性ポリマー粒子を含有する上側層(91)、吸水性ポリマー粒子を含有する下側層(92)、上側層(91)と下側層(92)との間に挟まれた不織布材料(94)、ここでこれらの層は、接着剤、超音波接合、及び/又は熱接合によって接続されている。
測定は、特に記載しない限り、23±2℃の大気温度、及び50±10%の相対大気湿度で行うべきである。吸水性ポリマーは、測定前に完全に混合する。
測定1(当初の色):内径9cmのプラスチック皿を、超吸収性ポリマー粒子で満たす。その表面をペトリ皿の縁の高さで、ナイフにより平らにし、CIE色度と、HC60値を測定する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の非荷重下吸収性は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 242.3 (11) "Gravimetric Determination of Absorption Under Pressure"と同様に測定するのだが、ただし、21.0g/cm2の質量の代わりに、0.0g/cm2の質量を用いる。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の荷重下吸収性は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 242.3 (11) "Gravimetric Determination of Absorption Under Pressure"により測定する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の高荷重下吸収性は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 242.3 (11) "Gravimetric Determination of Absorption Under Pressure"と同様に測定するのだが、ただし、21.0g/cm2の質量の代わりに、49.2g/cm2の質量を用いる。
吸水性ポリマー粒子のかさ密度(BD)は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 250.3 (11) "Gravimetric Determination of flow rate, Gravimetric Determination of Density"により測定する。
坪量は、流体吸収性芯材の別個の領域(前面全体の平均、曝露ゾーン及び後部全体の平均)で特定する。
・前面全体平均ゾーンについては、芯材の遠位前端部に対して芯材の中心の5.5cm前方、
・曝露ゾーンについては、芯材の中心から5.5cm前側の曝露ゾーンと、0.5cm後後方、
・後部全体平均ゾーンについては、芯材の遠位後ろ端部に対して芯材の中心の0.5cm後方。
ゾーン面積(ZA)=(ZW×ZL)[cm2]。
ゾーンの坪量(BW)=ZWT/(ZW*ZL)*10000[g/m2]。
ZBW=4.5g/(6cm×10cm)*10000=750gsm。
10000×g/cm2=g/m2
1平方センチメートルあたりのグラム(g/cm2)から1平方メートルあたりのグラム(g/m2)への換算:
0.0001×g/m2=g/cm2。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の遠心分離容量は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 241.3 (11) "Free Swell Capacity in Saline, After Centrifugation"により測定し、ここで遠心分離容量のより大きな値については、より大きなティーバッグを用いなければならない。
色度の測定は、比色計の「LabScan XE S/N LX17309(HunterLab; Reston、米国)」によって、CIELABの手順(Hunterlab, Volume 8, 1996, Issue 7, p.1〜4)に従って行う。色は、三次元系の色座標L、a、及びbによって記載する。Lは明度を特定し、ここでL=0がクロであり、L=100が白である。a及びbについての値はそれぞれ、赤/緑の色軸、又は黄色/青の色軸にある色の位置を記載し、ここで正のa値は、赤い色を表し、負のa値は緑色を表し、正のb値は黄色を表し、負のb値は青色を表す。
吸水性ポリマーにおける抽出可能成分のレベルは、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 470.2-05 "Extractables"により測定する。
乾燥した吸水性ポリマー粒子1.00g(=W1)を25mlのガラスビーカーに秤量し、ガラスビーカーの底部に均一に分配する。それから、0.9%の塩化ナトリウム溶液20mlを、第二のガラスビーカーに配分し、このビーカーの中身を、第一のビーカーへと迅速に添加し、ストップウォッチを始動させる。塩溶液の最後の一滴が吸収されたらすぐに、液体表面における反射が消えたことを確認し、ストップウォッチを止める。第二のビーカーから注ぎ、第一のビーカーにおいてポリマーにより吸収された液体の正確な量は、第二のビーカー(=W2)を再度測定することによって、正確に特定される。ストップウォッチで測定した吸収に必要な時間は、tで示される。表面において液体の最後の一滴が消える時間を、時間tと規定する。
FSR[g/gs]=W2/(W1×t)。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の自由膨潤性は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 240.3 (11)、「Free Swell Capacity in Saline, Gravimetric Determination」によって行い、ここでより高い自由膨潤性については、より大きなティーバッグを使用しなければならない。
平均球形度は、100〜1,000μmの粒径画分を用いて、Camsizer(登録商標)image analysis system (ドイツ国Haan在、Retsch Technology GmbH社製)により測定する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の湿分は、EDANA推奨試験番WSP 230.3 (11)、「Mass Loss Upon Heating」によって測定する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の粒子サイズ分布は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 220.3 (11)、「Particle Size Distribution」によって行う。
α=(d84.13−d15.87)/(2×d50)
ここで、d15.87、及びd84.13は、累積的に15.87質量%、又は84.13質量%にまで上昇するメッシュサイズの値である。
検体を開け、試験用ベンチに平らに置く。200mLのガラスビーカーを用いて、0.9%の食塩水を150mL秤量する。注ぎ口付きガラス漏斗を用いて食塩水溶液を、分液漏斗に注ぐ。分液漏斗は、流量を20mL/秒に制限するべきである。試験体の中心で、分液漏斗を通じて食塩水溶液を注ぎ、水が最初に試験体に接触したら、同時に計時を開始する。分液漏斗から水を排出し、食塩水溶液を検体に2.5分にわたって吸収させる。30〜40枚の濾紙(MN 615、OD 9 cm)を用意し、その乾燥質量を記録する(DW2)。2.5分後に、濾紙を試験体の中心に移し、濾紙の上に2.5kgの円形の重し(OD 8cm)を載せる(図解1)。タイマーで監視しながら30秒間待ち、それから重しと濾紙を取り出す。濾紙を量り、その湿った状態の質量をgで記録する(WW2)。
吸水性ポリマー粒子における残留モノマーの水準は、EDANA推奨試験番号WSP 210.3- (11)、「Residual Monomers」により測定される。
欧州特許出願公開第0640330号明細書(EP 0 640 330 A1)に記載されているような食塩水流れ誘導性は、吸水性ポリマー粒子の膨潤ゲル層のゲル層透過性として特定されるが、前記特許出願の19頁、及び図8に記載された装置は、ガラスフリット(40)がもはや使用されないように修正されており、プランジャ(39)は、シリンダ(37)と同じポリマー材料から成り、接触表面全体にわたってそれぞれ均一に分配された直径9.65mmの穿孔を21個有する。その手順と測定値の評価は、欧州特許出願公開第0640330号明細書(EP 0 640 330 A1)と同じである。流速は、自動的に記録される。
SFC[cm3s/g]=(Fg(t=0)×L0)/(dxAxWP)
ここでFg(t=0)は、NaCL溶液の流速(g/秒)であり、これはFg(t)の線形回帰によって得られ、流れのデータは、t=0に対する補外によって特定され、L0は、ゲル層の厚さ(cm)であり、dは、NaCl溶液の密度であり(g/cm3)、Aは、ゲル層の表面面積であり(cm2)、WPは、ゲル層にわたる静力学的圧力である(dyn/cm2)。
検体を開け、試験用ベンチに自由に立てる。100mLのガラスビーカーを用いて、0.9%の食塩水を80mL秤量する。食塩水溶液を、分液漏斗に注ぐ(図解1)。分液漏斗は、流量を20mL/秒に制限するべきである。試験体の中心で、分液漏斗を通じてこの水を注ぎ、水が最初に試験体に接触したら、同時に計時を開始する。分液漏斗から水を排出し、検体に吸収される食塩水溶液を視覚的に観察する。試験体の上部表面が白くなったら、計時を止め、最初の「消失時間」を秒で記録する。試験体に食塩水を5分間、完全に吸収させ、カウントダウンタイマーにより監視する。5分後に分液漏斗を用いて、さらに0.9%の食塩水80mLを試験体の中心にかける。食塩水が試験体に完全に吸収された後(上部表面における最初の白色により視覚的に観察)、二回目の「消失時間」を記録する。カウントダウンタイマーを用いて、検体に食塩水溶液を5分間、吸収させる。30〜40枚の濾紙(MN 615、OD 11cm)を用意し、その乾燥質量を記録する(DW3)。5分後に、濾紙を試験体の中心に移し、濾紙の上に1.2kgの円形の重し(OD 10cm)を載せる(0.22psiの圧力を加える)。タイマーで監視しながら1分間待ち、それから重しと濾紙を取り出す。濾紙を量り、湿った状態の質量をgで記録する(WW3)
リウェット性(g)=WW3(g)−DW3(g)
注水時間(Water Pouring Time)、及びリウェット試験
この試験は、脱イオン水に複数回曝露させることからなる。リウェット性は、圧力下で放出された流体製品の量によって測定する。リウェット性は、曝露した後に各回、測定する。
リウェット性(g)=WW1(g)−DW1(g)
EDANA試験法は例えば、EDANA(Avenue Eugene Plasky 157, B-1030 Brussels、ベルギー在)から得られる。
このプロセスは図1に示すように、一体型流動床(27)を有する並流式噴霧乾燥プラントで行った。反応帯域(5)は、高さが22m、直径が3.4mであった。内部流動床(IFB)は、直径が3mであり、高さが0.25mであった。
このプロセスは図1に示すように、一体型流動床(27)を有する並流式噴霧乾燥プラントで行った。反応帯域(5)の高さは22mであり、その直径は3.4mであった。内部流動床(IFB)は、直径が3mであり、高さが0.25mであった。
このプロセスは図1に示すように、一体型流動床(27)を有する並流式噴霧乾燥プラントで行った。反応帯域(5)の高さは22mであり、その直径は3.4mであった。内部流動床(IFB)は、直径が3mであり、高さが0.25mであった。
・水蒸気含分GD:ガス分配器(3)の前にあるガスの水蒸気含分
・Tガス入口:ガス分配器(3)の前にあるガスの温度
・Tガス出口:反応帯域(5)を出るガスの温度
・TガスIFB:導管(25)を介して内部流動床(27)に入るガスの温度
・T IFB:流動床(27)にある吸水性ポリマー粒子の温度
・T CC:冷却塔(12)を出るガスの温度
・T GDU:ガス乾燥ユニット(37)を出るガスの温度。
一般的な説明
Schugi Flexomix(登録商標)(Flexomix 160型、オランダ国Doetinchem在、Hosokawa Micron B.V.社製)内で、2000rpmの速度で、2つ又は3つの円形噴霧ノズルシステム(重力式供給噴霧設定、SU4型外部混合、流体キャップ60100、及びエアキャップSS-120、米国Illinois州Wheaton在、Spraying Systems Co社製)を用いて、ベースポリマーを表面後架橋剤溶液で被覆し、それからベースポリマー原料(70)で満たし、熱乾燥機(65)(NPD 5W-18型、オランダ国Waddinxveen在、GMF Gouda社製)により、6rpmというシャフト(76)速度で乾燥させた。熱乾燥機(65)は、シャフトの偏り90゜で2つのパドル(80)を有しており、2つの可撓性堰板(73)によって排出帯域(71)を固定している。図15に示したように堰はそれぞれ、堰高さが最小50%(75)であり、堰高さが最大100%(74)である堰開口部(75)を有する。
エチレンカーボネート、水、Plantacare(登録商標)UP 818(ドイツ国Ludwigshafen在、BASF SE社製)、及び乳酸アルミニウム水溶液(22質量%)を事前混合し、表5にまとめたように、表面後架橋剤溶液として用いた。乳酸アルミニウムとしては、Lothragon(登録商標)Al 220(ドイツ国Emmerthal在、Dr. Paul Lohmann GmbH社製)を使用した。
エチレンカーボネート、水、Span(登録商標)20(ドイツ国Nettetal在、Croda社製)、乳酸アルミニウム水溶液(22質量%)を事前混合し、表5にまとめたように、表面後架橋剤溶液として用いた。乳酸アルミニウムとしては、Lothragon(登録商標)Al 220(ドイツ国Emmerthal在、Dr. Paul Lohmann GmbH社製)を使用した。
吸収紙/吸収性芯材の製造
ホットメルト接着剤(2.0gsm、Bostik社製の建築用ホットメルト接着剤)を、ティッシュボトム層(45gsm、Fujian Qiao Dong-Paper Co., Ltd.社製の凝縮ティッシュ)に吹き付け、それからSAP(ボトム層)を、130gsmの負荷でローラフィーダー(市販で手に入るSAPフィーダー、ローラ型)を用いてティッシュに適用する。嵩高な不織布材料(50gsm、エアスルー結合されたポリエステル不織布、Fujian Qiao Dong-Paper Co., Ltd.社製)を積層設備に供給し、ホットメルト接着剤を不織布に吹き付ける(0.5gsm、Bostik社製の建築用ホットメルト接着剤)。それからホットメルト接着剤を含有する不織布を、ティッシュ層、ホットメルト接着剤、及びSAPで積層する。こうして、吸収紙のボトム層が得られる。
おむつサンプルの製造
エンボス加工された2層の不織布トップシートを有する、市販の52gsmのテープ式オムツ(Daddy Baby diapers、Lサイズ、テープ式、Fuzhou Angel Commodity Co., Ltd社製)。おむつのサンプルを、バックシートから中央で切り取る。本来の吸収性芯材を、慎重に取り除く。このおむつサンプルは、捕捉層を有さない。スパンボンド不織布のレッグカフ(左右)は2つとも、高さが35mmであり、2つの弾性ストランドを有する。両側について、鋲止めしたレッグカフと吸収性芯材との距離は、幅10mmである。その他の材料は、同じであり、おむつのポケット部のように空いている。
様々な吸収紙を製造した:
1.トップ層(91)、130gsm、例2、
ボトム層(92)、130gsm、Aquakeep SA60SX-II、日本国、Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd.社製
2.トップ層(91)、130gsm、例4、
ボトム層(92)、130gsm、Aquakeep SA60SX-II、日本国Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd.社製
3.トップ層(91)、130gsm、Sanwett IM930、San-Dia Polymers,Ltd.社製、
ボトム層(92)、130gsm、Aquakeep SA60SX-II、日本国Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd.社製。
例8による吸収紙について、注水時間、及びリウェット性を測定する。その結果が、表9にまとめてある。
例8に記載した吸収紙について、速乾性も試験する。その結果が、表10にまとめてある。
例8に記載した吸収紙について、消失時間、及びリウェット性(中国の基準)を測定する。
その結果が、表11にまとめてある。
例8の吸水性粒子の特性が、表12にまとめてある。
Claims (13)
- 上側層(91)及び下側層(92)という少なくとも2つの層を有する流体吸収性芯材(80)であって、前記層はそれぞれ、吸水性ポリマー粒子と繊維材料との合計に対して、繊維材料を0〜10質量%、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を90〜100質量%含有し、
上側層(91)内にある前記吸水性ポリマー粒子は、少なくとも0.89の球形度、及び少なくとも34g/gのCRCを有する、
前記流体吸収性芯材(80)。 - 上側層(91)及び下側層(92)という少なくとも2つの層を有する流体吸収性芯材(80)であって、前記層はそれぞれ、吸水性ポリマー粒子と繊維材料との合計に対して、繊維材料を0〜10質量%、及び吸水性ポリマー粒子を90〜100質量%含有し、
上側層(91)内にある前記吸水性ポリマー粒子は、少なくとも0.89の球形度を有し、前記吸水性ポリマー粒子のCRC及びAUL(21g/cm2、EDANA 442.2-02)の合計は、少なくとも65g/gである、
前記流体吸収性芯材(80)。 - 上側層(91)の前記吸水性ポリマー粒子についてAUL(21g/cm2、EDANA 442.2-02)が、少なくとも30g/gである、請求項1又は2に記載の流体吸収性製品。
- 上側層(91)が、吸水性粒子を100質量%含有する、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の流体吸収性製品。
- 下側層(92)が、吸水性粒子を100質量%含有する、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の流体吸収性製品。
- 不織布材料(94)が、上側層(91)と下側層(92)との間に挟まれている、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の流体吸収性製品。
- 層(91,92)が、接着剤、超音波接合、及び/又は熱接合によって不織布材料(94)に貼り合わせされている、請求項6に記載の流体吸収性製品。
- 上側ティッシュ層(95)及び/又は下側ティッシュ層(96)が、上側層(91)及び下側層(92)の表面にそれぞれ取り付けられている、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の流体吸収性芯材。
- 前記取り付けが、接着剤、好ましくはホットメルト接着剤、超音波接合、及び/又は熱接合によって行われている、請求項8に記載の流体吸収性芯材。
- 流体吸収性芯材(80)が、接着剤を10質量%以下含有する、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の流体吸収性製品。
- 前記吸水性ポリマー粒子が、各層(91,92)において異なっている、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の流体吸収性芯材。
- (A)上側の液体透過性シート(89)、
(B)下側の液体不透性シート(83)、
(C)請求項1から11までのいずれか1項に記載の流体吸収性芯材(80)、
(D)(89)と(80)との間にある、任意の捕捉・分配層(D)、
(F)その他の任意の要素
を有する吸収性製品。 - 上側のティッシュ層(95)、及び/又は下側のティッシュ層(96)がそれぞれ、上側の液体透過性シート(89)、及び/又は下側の液体不透性シート(83)に相当する、請求項12に記載の吸収性製品。
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