JP2016506266A - 流体吸収剤物品 - Google Patents
流体吸収剤物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016506266A JP2016506266A JP2015548671A JP2015548671A JP2016506266A JP 2016506266 A JP2016506266 A JP 2016506266A JP 2015548671 A JP2015548671 A JP 2015548671A JP 2015548671 A JP2015548671 A JP 2015548671A JP 2016506266 A JP2016506266 A JP 2016506266A
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- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- absorbent
- polymer particles
- absorbent core
- layer
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、複数のポケット中に流体−吸収剤ポリマーを収容した吸収剤コア、特に、極薄の流体吸収剤コアであって、ポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマーの粒径分布が各ポケット間で15%以下しか相違しない流体吸収剤コアに関するものである。
(A)上側層、
(B)下側層、
(C)(A)と(B)との間の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、
から成る流体−吸収剤コアであって、上側層と下側層が接着によって少なくとも部分的に結合したサンドイッチ構造を形成し、上側層と下側層の間の非結合領域の少なくともいくつかには流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子を収容するポケットが形成され、1つのポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の粒径分布(PSD)とそれ以外のポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子のPSDとの差が15%を越えないことを特徴とする流体−吸収剤コアによって達成される。
「流体−吸収剤組成物」という用語は、体液の捕捉、運搬、分配および貯蔵を含む流体−吸収剤物品の流体の処理を主として担う流体−吸収剤物品の成分を意味する。
Robert F. Gould in the 1964 American Chemical Society publication 「Contact angle, wettability and adhesion」
流体−吸収ポリマー粒子の製造方法は非特許文献3に記載されている。
「Modern Superabsorbent Polymer Technology」, F. L. Buchholz and A. T. Graham, Wiley- VCH, 1998, pages 71−103
a)酸性基を有する少なくとも部分的に中和された少なくとも一種のエチレン系不飽和モノマー、
b)少なくとも一種の架橋剤、
c)少なくとも一種の開始剤、
d)上記a)に基のモノマーと共重合可能なエチレン系不飽和モノマー(任意成分)、
e)一種または複数の水溶性ポリマー(任意成分)、
の溶液または懸濁液を重合させて製造でき、一般に水不溶性である。
最初に、篩分けによって粒径分布を求める。各粒度でのオーバーサイズの百分率Rを対数目盛でプロットする。対数標準偏差(σζ)はσζ=0.5×ln(X2/X1)で与えられる。ここで、X1およびX2はR=15.9重量%およびR=84.1重量%での粒子直径である。
還元剤は一般に溶媒、好ましくは水溶液の形で使われる。還元剤の純物質またはその混合物で使用できる。
本発明の流体−吸収剤コアで使用する流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の塩水フロー導電率(SFC)は一般に少なくとも20×10-7cm3s/g、好ましくは少なくとも25×10-7cm3s/g、好ましくは少なくとも30×10-7cm3s/g、より好ましくは少なくとも50×10-7cm3s/gである。流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の塩水フロー導電率(SFC)は一般に500×10-7cm3s/g以下である。この塩水フロー導電率は、流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の膨潤ゲル層のゲル層通気性として、欧州特許第EP0640330A1号公報に記載の方法に従って求める。
流体−吸収剤物品は下記から成る:
(A)上側液体透過層、
(B)下側液体非透過層、
(C)(A)と(B)との間の流体−吸収剤コア(この流体−吸収剤コアは0〜20重量%の繊維質材料と、0〜80重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、好ましくは3〜15重量%の繊維質材料と、85〜97重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、より好ましくは5〜10重量%の繊維質材料と、90〜95重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子とから成り、最も好ましくは繊維質材料がゼロで、流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子が100重量%である)
(D)オプションとしての(A)と(C)との間の捕捉分配層(この捕捉分配層は80〜100重量%の繊維質材料と、0〜20重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、好ましくは85〜99.9重量%の繊維質材料と、0.01〜15重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、より好ましくは、90〜99.5重量%の繊維質材料と、0.5〜10重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、最も好ましくは95〜99重量%の繊維質材料と、1〜5重量%の量流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子とから成る)
(E)オプションである(C)の上および/または下に配置されるティッシュー層、
(F)その他のオプション成分。
液体透過層(A)は皮膚と直接接触する層である。従って、液体透過層は柔軟で、ソフト感覚で、消費者の皮膚を刺激しないものが好ましい。「液体透過(liquid-pervious)」という用語は一般に液体、例えば尿、月経および/または膣液等の体液が容易にその厚を通って透過できることを意味する。この液体透過層の主要機能は体液を捕捉して装着者から流体−吸収剤コアの方へ流体を運搬することにある。典型的な液体透過層は当業界で公知の任意の材料、例えば不織布材料、フィルムまたはこれらの組み合わせで形成される。適した液体透過層(A)は公知の合成または半合成繊維またはバイオ成分(bicomponent)繊維またはポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、レーヨンまたは天然繊維繊維またはフィルムまたはこれらの組合からなる。不織布材料の場合、繊維は一般にポリアクリレートのようなバインダで結合しなければならない。液体透過層に1方向または2方向の引張り弾性特性を与えるために弾性材料組成物を含めることもできる。
液体不透過層(B)は流体−吸収剤物品、例ベッドシーツ、パンツ、パジャマおよび下着と接触する濡れ物品から流体−吸収剤コアによって吸収され、保持された滲出物を遮断する。従って、液体不透過層(B)は織布、不織布材料、ポリマーフィルム、例えばポリエチレンまたはポリプロピレンの熱可塑性樹脂フィルム、複合材料、例えばフィルム塗装された不織布材料から成ることができる。
流体吸収剤コア(C)は一般に上側液体透過性層(A)と下側液体非透過性層(B)との間に配置される。
従って、適した流体−吸収剤コアは0〜20重量%の繊維質材料と、80〜100重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、好ましくは3〜15重量%の繊維質材料と、85〜97重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子とから成り、より好ましくは5〜10重量%の繊維質材料と、90〜95重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子とから成り、さらに好ましくは繊維物質を含まず、100重量%が流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子から成る。
吸収剤コアに組み込める一つのオプション成分はそれに隣接するダスティング(dusting)層である。このダスティング層は繊維層で、吸収剤コアの上および/または底に配置できる。一般にダスティング層は貯蔵層の下敷き(underlaying)である。この下敷き層は流体−吸収剤コアの製造工程中は散布された流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子のキャリヤの役目をするのでダスティング層とよばれる。流体−吸収剤ポリマー材料がマクロ構造物、フィルムまたはフレークの形をしている場合にはダスティングの挿入は必要ない。滴下重合で得られた流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の場合、粒子はエッジのない滑らかな表面を有する。この場合にも、流体−吸収剤コアへダスティング層を加える必要はない。それに対して、ウイッキング(wicking)性能のような追加の流体−ハンドリンク特性に対してはダスティング層が大きな利点を有し、液体不透過層(B)のピンホールディングやポックマーキングを減らす。
オプションの捕捉−分配層(D)は上側層(A)と流体−吸収剤コア(C)との間に位置し、吐出された体液を流体−吸収剤組成物の他の領域または他の層へ効率的に移し、分配して体液が動かずに保存されるように作るのが好ましい。すなわち、上側層は吐出された液体を捕捉−分配層(D)へ移し、それを流体−吸収剤コア中に分配する。
オプションのティッシュ層は(C)層のすぐ上および/または下に配置される。ティッシュ層の材料は公知の任意種類のウェブ、布、織物およびフィルムを含む基材にすることができる。ティッシュ層は天然繊維、例えばセルロース、綿、亜麻、亜麻、大麻、羊毛、絹、毛皮、毛および天然鉱物繊維にすることができる。また、ティッシュ層をレーヨンおよびリオセル(lyocell)(セルロースから得られる)、多糖類(澱粉)、ポリオレフィン繊維(ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン)、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ブタジエン−スチレンブロック共ポリマー、ポリウレタンおよびこれらを組み合わせた合成繊維から作ることもできる。ティッシュ層はアセテート繊維から成るのが好ましい。
1.レグカフ(Leg Cuff)
代表的なレグカフ(Leg Cuff)は繊維材料と不織布材料とを同時に形成する直接押出法によって作ることができる不織布材料で構成するか、製造の後工程で不織布材料上に繊維を乗せるプレホーム繊維のレーイング(laying)プロセスで作ることができる。直接押出法の例にはスパンボンディング、メルトブローボンディング、溶剤スピニング、電気スピニングおよびこれらの組み合わせが含まれる。レーイングプロセスの例はウエットレーイングおよびドライレーイング(例えばエアーレーイング、カードリング)である。重量プロセスの組み合わせにはスパンボンド−メルトブロー−スパンボンド(sms)、スパンボンド−メルトブロー−メルトブロー−スパンボンド(smms)、スパンボンド−カードリング(sc)、スパンボンド−エアーレーイング(sa)、メルトブロー−エアーレーイングおよびこれらの組み合わせが含まれる。直接押出法を含む組み合わせは時間的に同じ点または時間的に異なる点で組み合わせることができる。上記の例では一つまたは複数の層を各方法で作ることができる。従って、「sms」は3つの層は不織布材料、「smsms」または「ssmms」は5つの層が不織布材料であることを意味する。ここで、小文字(sms)は各層を示し、大文字(SMS)は同様な隣接層の編集物を示す。
エラスティック(弾性体)は装着者の体、例えばウエストおよび脚のまわりに流体−吸収剤物品を固定し、閉じて、しっかりとフィットさせるために使われる。エラスティックはアウター層とインナー層または流体−吸収剤物品との間か、アウターカバーとボデーサイドライナーとの間に置かれる。適したエラスティックは熱可塑性樹脂ポリウレタン、エラストマー材料、ポリ(エーテルアミド)ブロックコポリマー、熱可塑性ゴム、ブタジエンスチレンコポリマー、シリコンゴム、天然ゴム、合成ゴム、スチレンイソプレンコポリマー、スチレン/エチレン/ブチレンコポリマー、ナイロンコポリマー、セグメント化したポリウレタンおよび/またはエチレン−酢酸ビニルコポリマーから成るスパンデックス繊維のシート、リボンまたはストランドから成る。エラスティックは引張った状態で基材に固着するか、基材を引張った後に固着することができる。あるいは、エラスティックを基材に固着した後にエラストマー化するか、例えば加熱して収縮させる、
閉じるシステムはテープのタブ、ランディングゾーン、エラスティック、プルアップおよびベルトシステムを含む。
この閉じるシステムを用いてウエストの第1区域の少なくとも一部をウエストの第2区域の一部に付けて流体−吸収剤物品を固定し、流体吸収剤のレッグ穴部とウエスト部分を形成する。流体−吸収剤物品は再び閉じることができるシステムを備えているのが好ましい。
本発明はさらに、上記成分、層、フィルム、シート、ティシュまたは上記基材を結合させて流体−吸収剤物品を作る方法にも関するもきのである。少なくとも2つ、好ましくは全ての層、フィルム、シート、ティシュまたは上記基材を結合させる。
以下に記載する流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子および流体−吸収剤コアは下記の検査法でテストした。
特にことわらない限り、測定は23±2℃の周囲温度、50±10%の相対湿度で実行した。流体−吸収剤ポリマーは測定前に完全に混合した。
一般に粒子の形をした吸収剤ポリマー材料の見掛け密度(かさ密度ともよばれる)はEDANA規格の検査法WSP260.2(05)に従って測定できる。この規格での試験条件はこの規格の検査法の第6.2節に記載されており、23±2℃および50±5%の湿度のセットである。
食塩水フロー導電率は欧州特許第EP0640330A1号公報に記載のとおり、流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の膨潤ゲル層のゲル層透過性として求めるが、上記特許の第19頁および図8に記載の装置を少し変え、ガラス製フリット(40)は使わずに、シリンダー(37)と同じポリマー材料から成るプランジャ(39)を使用し、全接触面に均一に分布した直径がそれぞれ9.65mmである21のボアを有する。手順および評価方法は欧州特許第EP0640330A1号公報に記載のものと同じにした。流速を自動的に記録した。
SFC[cm3s/g]=(Fg(t=0)×L0)/(dxAxWP)
(ここで、Fg(t=0)はNaCI溶液の流速g/sであり、これは流れ測定データFg(t)の直鎖回帰分析でt=0を外挿して求めた。L0はゲル層の厚さcmであり、dはNaCI溶液の密度g/cm3であり、Aはゲル層の表面積cm2であり、WPはゲル層の静圧ダイン/cm2である。
フリー膨潤ゲルベット透過性の測定方法は米国特許出願公開第US2005/0256757号明細書の[0061]〜[0075]に記載されている。
流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の遠心保持能はEDANA推薦の検査法番号WSP241.2−05「遠心機保持能」によって決定される。高い値の遠心保持能の場合にはラガー・ティーバッグを使わなければならない。
流体−吸収剤粒子の粒径分布(PSD)はEDANA推薦の試験番号WSP220.3.10「分級による粒径分布の決定」に従って決定した。
流体−吸収剤ポリマー(SAP)Hysorb(登録商標)B7075(BASF SE、Ludwigshafen、ドイツ)から市販の水吸収剤ポリマー粒子[CRC=30,5g/g;AUL=23,5g/g])を使用した。このSAPは下記の粒度分布を有している:
> 850のμm=0.18%
600〜850μm=24.76%
300〜600μm=56.83%
100〜300μm=17.98%
<100μm=0.25%。
サンプルAは100gの分級物100〜300μmと400gのオリジナルのHysorb(登録商標)B7075(SAP)を混合して調整した。
SAPサンプルBは100gの分級物600〜850μmに400gのオリジナルのHysorb(登録商標)B7075(SAP)を混合して調整した。
こうして調整したサンプルの粒径分布は[表1]にまとめて示す。
積層品(laminate)または吸収剤コア(寸法30×11cm)は真空掃除機に接続した長方形の金属ボックスを使用して実験室で調製した。この金属ボックス上にプラスチックのパターンを置いてポケットを形成した。このパターンは開口した長方形の空間がカットされたプラスチック板で作った。使用したデザインは24個のポケット(各々が2.0×4.0cmの均一な長方形)を有する。
10g/m2、アンワインディング引張り強度1バール、ワインディング引張り強度50N)にホットメルト(フランスのボスティック社の接着剤H4245)を塗布し(櫛型スロットコーティングで2mmオン/2mmオフ、塗布量訳10g/m2、スプレー温度145℃)、上記金属ボックスのプラスチックパターン上に配置した。真空力を加えて不織布をパターンの空間なかに吸込ませることで不織布にポケットを形成した。積層品の製造中、不織布は真空力で固定した。
0.5gのサンプルを秤量し、各ポケットに0.50gの超吸収剤ポリマーを充填した(SAP/積層品の送料12グラム)。
種々の吸収剤コアを作った。本発明(積層品#0)では全てのポケットにコSAPを充填した。SAPサンプルAまたはSAPサンプルBの場合には特性パターンに従ってポケットを充填した。
この試験ではブランド名がdm−Babyloveのおしめ(Aktiv Plus、12〜25kg、寸法=5才児用;ロット140212−SE071313)を使用した。
フラッフ(綿毛、fluff)−SAPコアを除くために、おしめのトップシートを(レグ−カフに沿って片側を)縦方向にカットし、吸収剤コアにアクセスできるようにするためにトップシートと捕捉層とを横に除け、フラッフ−コアを取り出し、上記方法に従って作った吸収剤コアをフラッフ−SAPコアの位置に置いた。おしめを閉じ、トップシート/捕捉層を縫い合わせた。
装置:
[図3]はU形装置の概念図である。この装置はプレキシガラスで作った。支持ボックスの寸法は15.5×18.0×16.0cmである。形状は放物線である(d=14.0cm、e=14.0cm)。放物線の区域Aが測定すべきおしめの接触/支持面積である。
測定時にはおしめを上記の区域A上に配置する。最初に、おしめの中心を決定する。そのために、おしめの縦方向長さ(LLo)と横方向長さ(LT)とを測定する。中央点(a)はLLo/2およびLT/2である。
おしめを平らにし、前部側を上にしてU形装置内に配置する。おしめの縦方向を区域Aと平行にしておしめの中心が放物線に形成した支持体の底部区域のほぼ中央に来るようにする。
この試験では、噴出状況の場合でもおしめを確実に完全乾燥状態にしてために、一定量の合成尿を吸収するのに必要な時間を求める。捕捉速度(acquisition rate)をテストするために、定義された量の合成尿(塩化ナトリウムの0.9%水溶液)をおしめに流す。この捕捉時間はおしめに合成尿を複数回流し、おしめの吸収時間を記録して測定した。
このテストではオリジナルの吸収剤コアを上記方法で積層品(laminate)#0、積層品#1、積層品#2、積層品#3、積層品#4に代えたおしめをテストした。
70mlのNaCl水溶液(0.9重量%)をロートに入れ、ロートの開口を上記汚染点上に配置し、ロートを開いて汚染点上に合成尿溶液を流す。捕捉時間(流体が完全にコアに吸収されるまでの時間、秒)を記録する。10分経過後に、第2回目の捕捉試験を開始する。この手順を次の汚染時にも繰り返す。
全体で4回の捕捉時間を測定した(各々70mlのNaCl水溶液)。結果は[表2]に要約した。
Claims (15)
- 下記(A)〜(C):
(A)上側層、
(B)下側層、
(C)(A)と(B)との間の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子、
とから成る流体−吸収剤コアであって、上側層と下側層は接着によって少なくとも部分的に結合したサンドイッチ構造を形成し、上側層と下側層の間の非結合領域の少なくともいくつかは流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子を収容するポケットを形成し、1つのポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子の粒径分布(PSD)とそれ以外のポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子のPSDとの差が15%を越えないことを特徴とする流体−吸収剤コア。 - 各ポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子のPSDとそれ以外のポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子のPSDとの差が10%を越えず、好ましくは5%を越えず、さらに好ましくは2%を越えない請求項1に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 全てのポケット中の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子のPSDが同じである請求項1に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 流体−吸収剤コアが少なくとも80重量%の流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子と、20重量%以下のセルロースおよび/または合成非セルロースをベースにした繊維とから成る請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 各ポケットの近傍で(A)と(B)との間に結合ビードが配置されている請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- (A)と(B)の間に少なくとも一つの層またはストライプの形またはその他任意の形に接着剤が配置されてポケットおよび/またはビードの近傍に(A)と(B)とが結合された帯域ができる請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 接着剤が感圧接着性の(PSA)、好ましいくは感圧ホットメルト接着剤(HMPSA)である請求項6に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 合成非セルロースをベースにした繊維がポリエステル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ乳酸、ポリアミドおよび/またはこれらのブレンドをベースにしたものである請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 流体−吸収剤コアが少なくとも8gの流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子から成る請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子が少なくとも0.55g/cm3のかさ密度を有する請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子が少なくとも24g/gの遠心保持能(centrifuge retention capacity)を有する請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子が少なくとも18g/gの高荷重下吸収性(absorbency under high load)を有する請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 流体−吸収剤ポリマー粒子が少なくとも20×10-7cm3s/gの塩水フロー導電率(saline flow conductivity)を有する請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の流体−吸収剤コア。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の流体吸収剤コアを含む流体−吸収剤物品。
- 流体−吸収剤コアが不織布材料またはティシュペーパーで覆われ、包装されている請求項14に記載の流体−吸収剤物品。
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CN (1) | CN104994822A (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2637851T3 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2934413T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014096439A1 (ja) |
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US12220304B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2025-02-11 | Curt G. Joa, Inc. | Expandable absorbent core and method of manufacture |
CN113166994B (zh) | 2018-11-30 | 2022-09-30 | 宝洁公司 | 用于制备通流粘结的非织造纤维网的方法 |
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CN113166988B (zh) | 2018-11-30 | 2023-04-07 | 宝洁公司 | 形成柔软且蓬松的非织造纤维网的方法 |
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- 2013-12-20 US US14/654,702 patent/US20160151213A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
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ES2637851T3 (es) | 2017-10-17 |
PL2934413T3 (pl) | 2017-12-29 |
EP2934413B1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
CN104994822A (zh) | 2015-10-21 |
WO2014096439A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
US20160151213A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
EP2934413A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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