KR100818257B1 - 다공성 탄소 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
다공성 탄소 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100818257B1 KR100818257B1 KR1020060086285A KR20060086285A KR100818257B1 KR 100818257 B1 KR100818257 B1 KR 100818257B1 KR 1020060086285 A KR1020060086285 A KR 1020060086285A KR 20060086285 A KR20060086285 A KR 20060086285A KR 100818257 B1 KR100818257 B1 KR 100818257B1
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920001795 coordination polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- MWVTWFVJZLCBMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-bipyridine Chemical compound C1=NC=CC(C=2C=CN=CC=2)=C1 MWVTWFVJZLCBMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 lanthanide metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003860 C1-C20 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- RACAZSJZTVYGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ni]=O Chemical compound [C].[Ni]=O RACAZSJZTVYGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- VMWYVTOHEQQZHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#[C] VMWYVTOHEQQZHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 0 *c1c(*)c(C(O)=O)c(*)c(*)c1C([O-])=O Chemical compound *c1c(*)c(C(O)=O)c(*)c(*)c1C([O-])=O 0.000 description 1
- BOZRCGLDOHDZBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexanoic acid;tin Chemical compound [Sn].CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O BOZRCGLDOHDZBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGNSMKDDFAUGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-5h-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC1(C)COC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 UGNSMKDDFAUGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOVKLNZJIJAUBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[O].[Sn] Chemical compound [C].[O].[Sn] AOVKLNZJIJAUBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004697 chelate complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013257 coordination network Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/0615—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances the burned-out substance being a monolitic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a porous polyurethane sheet or a prepreg obtained by bonding together resin particles
- C04B38/062—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances the burned-out substance being a monolitic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a porous polyurethane sheet or a prepreg obtained by bonding together resin particles the burned-out substance being formed in situ, e.g. by polymerisation of a prepolymer composition containing ceramic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0081—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as catalysts or catalyst carriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 9는 본 발명의 실시예 3 및 4에서 제조된 셀을 50mA/의 전류로 0.001 내지 1.5V 구간에서 충전 및 방전을 50회 반복하면서 측정한 용량을 나타낸다.
Claims (17)
- 배위 고분자를 열처리하여 탄소-금속산화물 복합체를 형성하는 단계; 및상기 탄소-금속산화물 복합체에서 금속산화물을 제거하는 단계를 포함하며,상기 열처리가 비활성 분위기에서 열처리하여 탄소-금속 복합체를 제조하는 제1 열처리 단계; 및 산소를 포함하는 분위기에서 열처리하여 탄소-금속산화물 복합체를 제조하는 제2 열처리 단계를 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 배위 고분자가 하기 화학식 1의 단위체 구조를 갖는 화합물인 것을 특징으로 다공성 탄소의 제조방법:<화학식 1>MxLySz식중 M은 전이금속, 13족, 14족, 15족, 란탄계 금속 및 악틴계 금속으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 금속을 나타내고;L은 두개 이상의 금속(M) 이온과 동시에 이온결합 또는 공유결합을 형성하는 여러 자리 리간드(multidentate ligand)를 나타내며;S는 하나의 금속(M) 이온과 이온결합 또는 공유결합을 형성하는 단일 자리 리간드를 나타내고;상기 L에 포함된 상기 금속(M) 이온과 결합 가능한 작용기의 수를 d라 하였을 때 상기 x, y, 및 z는 yd+z≤6x의 관계식을 만족하는 정수를 나타낸다.
- 삭제
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 제1 열처리 단계의 열처리 온도가 700℃ 내지 상기 배위 고분자에 포함된 중심 금속의 녹는점인 것을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 제2 열처리 단계의 열처리 온도가 200 내지 600℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소의 제조방법.
- 삭제
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 배위 고분자가 상기 여러 자리 리간드를 매개로 금속을 상호 연결하여 얻어지는 네트워크 구조를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 여러 자리 리간드가 하기 화학식 4의 트리메세이트계 리간드, 화학식 5의 테레프탈레이트계 리간드, 화학식 6의 4,4'-비피리딘계 리간드, 화학식 7의 2,6-나프탈렌디카르복실레이트계 리간드, 및 화학식 8의 피라진계 리간드로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소의 제조방법:<화학식 4><화학식 5><화학식 6><화학식 7><화학식 8>상기 식중, R1 내지 R25는 각각 독립적으로 수소원자, 할로겐원자, 히드록시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 1 내지 20의 알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 1 내지 20의 알콕시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 2 내지 20의 알케닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 6 내지 30의 아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 6 내지 30의 아릴옥시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 2 내지 30의 헤테로아릴기, 혹은 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 2 내지 30의 헤테로아릴옥시기를 나타낸다.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 금속 M이 Fe, Pt, Co, Cu, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ag, Pd, Ru, Mo, Zr, Nb, La, In, Sn, 및 Bi로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 금속산화물 제거단계가 질산, 염산, 불산 및 황산으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 산용액에 의해 처리하는 것임을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 금속산화물 제거단계가 수산화나트륨, 수산화칼륨 및 수산화암모늄으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 염기용액에 의해 처리하는 것임을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소의 제조방법.
- 삭제
- 평균 기공크기가 10nm 내지 100nm이고, d002 값이 3.35 내지 3.50이며,다면체 형상을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소.
- 삭제
- 제 12항에 있어서, 상기 다공성 탄소가 입자상으로서, 침상 또는 판상 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는 다공성 탄소.
- 제 12항 또는 제 14항에 따른 다공성 탄소를 포함하는 음극 활물질.
- 제 12항 또는 제 14항에 따른 다공성 탄소를 포함하는 촉매 담체.
- 제 12항 또는 제 14항에 따른 다공성 탄소를 포함하는 전극.
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JP2007229268A JP5403885B2 (ja) | 2006-09-07 | 2007-09-04 | 多孔性炭素及びその製造方法 |
US11/852,009 US8197786B2 (en) | 2006-09-07 | 2007-09-07 | Porous carbon material and method of manufacturing the same |
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