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ES2546378T9 - Moduladores de propiedades farmacocinéticas de agentes terapéuticos - Google Patents

Moduladores de propiedades farmacocinéticas de agentes terapéuticos Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2546378T9
ES2546378T9 ES07836007.0T ES07836007T ES2546378T9 ES 2546378 T9 ES2546378 T9 ES 2546378T9 ES 07836007 T ES07836007 T ES 07836007T ES 2546378 T9 ES2546378 T9 ES 2546378T9
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compound
agents
modulators
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ES2546378T5 (es
ES2546378T3 (es
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Manoj C. Desai
Allen Yu Hong
Hongtao Liu
Lianhong Xu
Randall W. Vivian
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Gilead Sciences Inc
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Description

imagen1
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en el presente documento. En otra realización, los compuestos de fórmula IIB tienen una de las siguientes estructuras:
imagen9
10
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15
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5 -6 miembros no sustituido o sustituido que contiene 1 -2 heteroátomos seleccionados de entre el grupo que consiste en N y O, y el anillo heterociclilo de 5 -6 miembros está opcionalmente sustituido con un alquilo C1-2.
En aún otra realización de los compuestos de fórmula IIC, R13 es -(CH2)0-3CR17R18NR20R21. En una realización particular, R13 es un grupo alquileno C1-4-NH2, o un grupo alquileno C1-4-N(alquilo)2.
En aún otra realización de los compuestos de fórmula IIC, R13 es -(CH2)0-3CR17R18NR17C(O)-NR20R21. En una realización particular, R13 es un grupo alquileno C1-4-C(O)NH2 o un grupo alquileno C1-4-C(O)N(alquilo)2.
En aún otra realización de los compuestos de fórmula IIC, R13 es -CH2OH, -CH2CH2NHC(O)CH3 o
imagen18
En otra realización más, el compuesto de la presente invención tiene una actividad de inhibición contra P450 a un
15 nivel igual o mejor que la actividad de inhibición de un compuesto representado por una CI50 de menos de aproximadamente 2000 nM, menos de aproximadamente 1500 nM, menos de aproximadamente 1000 nM, menos de aproximadamente 900 nM, menos de aproximadamente 800 nM, menos de aproximadamente 700 nM, menos de aproximadamente 650 nM, menos de aproximadamente 600 nM, menos de aproximadamente 550 nM, menos de aproximadamente 500 nM, menos de aproximadamente 400 nM, menos de aproximadamente 350 nM, menos de aproximadamente 300 nM, menos de aproximadamente 250 nM, menos de aproximadamente 200 nM, menos de aproximadamente 100 nM, o menos de aproximadamente 50 nM.
En otra realización más, el compuesto de la presente invención tiene una actividad de inhibición contra una isozima de P450, por ejemplo, 3A en un intervalo representado por una CI50 de aproximadamente 2000 nM a
25 aproximadamente 100 nM, de aproximadamente 1000 nM a aproximadamente 100 nM, de aproximadamente 900 nM a aproximadamente 200 nM, de aproximadamente 800 nM a aproximadamente 300 nM, de aproximadamente 700 nM a aproximadamente 200 nM, de aproximadamente 600 nM a aproximadamente 200 nM, de aproximadamente 500 nM a aproximadamente 200 nM, de aproximadamente 700 nM a aproximadamente 300 nM, de aproximadamente 600 nM a aproximadamente 300 nM, de aproximadamente 700 nM a aproximadamente 400 nM, de aproximadamente 600 nM a aproximadamente 400 nM, de aproximadamente 400 nM a aproximadamente 100 nM, de aproximadamente 300 nM a aproximadamente 100 nM, o de aproximadamente 600 nM a aproximadamente 150 nM.
En otra realización más, el compuesto de la presente invención tiene una actividad de inhibición contra P450 a un
35 nivel igual o mejor que la actividad de inhibición de un compuesto que se representa por una CI50 de menos de aproximadamente 2000 nM, menos de aproximadamente 1500 nM, menos de aproximadamente 1000 nM, menos de aproximadamente 900 nM, menos de aproximadamente 800 nM, menos de aproximadamente 700 nM, menos de aproximadamente 650 nM, menos de aproximadamente 600 nM, menos de aproximadamente 550 nM, menos de aproximadamente 500 nM, menos de aproximadamente 400 nM, menos de aproximadamente 350 nM, menos de aproximadamente 300 nM, menos de aproximadamente 250 nM, menos de aproximadamente 200 nM, menos de aproximadamente 100 nM, o menos de aproximadamente 50 nM, siempre que tal compuesto sustancialmente tampoco muestre actividades biológicas distintas de su actividad de inhibición contra P450. Por ejemplo, el compuesto de la presente invención puede tener una actividad reducida o no significativa de inhibición de proteasa, incluyendo sin ninguna limitación un nivel de proteasa como el representado representado por una EC50 VIH mayor
45 de aproximadamente 1000 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 900 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 800 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 700 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 600 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 500 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 400 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 300 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 200 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 100 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 50 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 40 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 30 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 20 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 10 nM, mayor de aproximadamente 5 nM, o mayor de aproximadamente 1 nM.
En otra realización más, el compuesto de la presente invención tiene una actividad de inhibición específicamente contra una o más isozimas de P450 que incluye sin limitación 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19, 2C9, 2D6, 2E1, y 3A4, 5, 7, etc.
55 En otra realización más, el compuesto de la presente invención tiene una actividad de inhibición específicamente contra una isozima de P450 que está implicada en el metabolismo de fármacos antivíricos, por ejemplo, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir etc.
En otra realización más, el compuesto de la presente invención tiene una actividad de inhibición específicamente contra una o más isozimas de P450, pero no contra las otra(s). Por ejemplo, el compuesto de la presente invención puede tener una actividad de inhibición específicamente contra P450 3A, pero una actividad de inhibición insustancial o mínima contra otra isozima de P450, por ejemplo, P450 2C9.
19
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lauril sulfato de sodio.
La elección de aceites o grasas adecuados para la formulación se basa en conseguir las propiedades cosméticas deseadas. La crema debería preferiblemente ser un producto no graso, que no manche y lavable con una consistencia adecuada para evitar el goteo desde los tubos u otros envases. Se pueden utilizar alquil ésteres mono o dibásicos de cadena recta o ramificada tales como diisoadipato, estearato de isocetilo, diéster de propilenglicol, o ácidos grasos de coco, miristato de isopropilo, oleato de decilo, palmitato de isopropilo, estearato de butilo, palmitato de 2-etilhexilo o una mezcla de ésteres de cadena ramificada conocidos como Crodamol CAP., siendo los tres últimos los ésteres preferidos. Se pueden utilizar solos o en combinación dependiendo de las propiedades que se necesiten. De manera alternativa, se utilizan lípidos con alto punto de fusión tales como la parafina blanca blanda y/o la parafina líquida u otros aceites minerales.
Las formulaciones farmacéuticas de acuerdo con la presente invención comprenden uno o más compuestos de la invención juntos con uno o más vehículos o excipientes farmacéuticamente aceptables y opcionalmente otros agentes terapéuticos. Las formulaciones farmacéuticas que contienen el principio activo pueden estar en cualquier forma adecuada para el método de administración que se pretenda. Cuando se utilizan para uso oral se pueden preparar, por ejemplo, comprimidos, trociscos, pastillas para chupar, suspensiones acuosas u oleosas, polvos dispersables o gránulos, emulsiones, cápsulas duras o blandas, jarabes o elixires. Las composiciones que se pretenden para su uso oral se pueden preparar según cualquiera de los métodos conocidos en la técnica para la fabricación de composiciones farmacéuticas y tales composiciones pueden contener uno o más agentes que incluyen agentes edulcorantes, agentes saborizantes, agentes colorantes, y agentes conservantes, con el fin de proporcionar una preparación palatable. Los comprimidos que contienen el principio activo mezclado con excipientes no tóxicos farmacéuticamente aceptables que son adecuados para la fabricación de comprimidos son aceptables. Estos excipientes pueden ser, por ejemplo, diluyentes inertes, tales como el carbonato de calcio o sodio, lactosa, monohidrato de lactosa, croscarmelosa sódica, povidona, fosfato cálcico o sódico; agentes granulantes y desintegrantes, tales como el almidón de maíz, o el ácido algínico; agentes aglutinantes, tales como celulosa, celulosa microcristalina, almidón, gelatina o goma arábiga; y agentes lubricantes, tales como estearato magnésico, ácido esteárico o talco. Los comprimidos pueden ser sin revestimiento o pueden revestirse por técnicas conocidas que incluyen la microencapsulación para la desintegración retardada y la absorción en el tracto intestinal y proporcionado de esta manera una acción sostenida durante un periodo más largo. Por ejemplo, se puede emplear un material de retraso en el tiempo tal como el monoestearato de glicerilo y el diestearato de glicerilo solo o con una cera.
Las formulaciones para su uso oral también se pueden presentar como cápsulas de gelatina dura en que el principio activo se mezcla con un diluyente sólido inerte, por ejemplo, fosfato cálcico o caolín, o como cápsulas blandas en que el principio activo se mezcla con agua o un medio oleoso, tal como aceite de maní, parafina líquida o aceite de oliva.
Las suspensiones acuosas de la invención contienen los materiales activos en una mezcla con excipientes adecuados para la fabricación de suspensiones acuosas. Tales excipientes incluyen un agente suspensor, tal como carboximetilcelulosa, metilcelulosa, hidroxipropilmetilcelulosa, alginato sódico, polivinilpirrolidona, goma de tragacanto y goma arábiga, y agentes dispersantes o humectantes tales como fosfátidos de origen natural (por ejemplo, lecitina), un producto de condensación de un óxido alquileno con un ácido graso (por ejemplo, estearato de polioxietileno), un producto de condensación de óxido de etileno con un alcohol alifático de cadena larga (por ejemplo, heptadecaetilenoxicetanol), un producto de condensación de óxido de etileno con un éster parcial derivado de un ácido graso y un anhídrido de hexitol (por ejemplo, monooleato de sorbitán polioxietileno). La suspensión acuosa también puede contener uno o más conservantes tales como etil o n-propil p-hidroxi-benzoato, uno o más agentes colorantes, uno o más agentes saborizantes y uno o más agentes edulcorantes, tales como sacarosa o sacarina.
Las suspensiones oleosas se pueden formular suspendiendo el principio activo en un aceite vegetal, tal como aceite de cacahuete, aceite de oliva, aceite de sésamo o aceite de coco, o en un aceite mineral tal como la parafina líquida. Las suspensiones orales pueden contener un agente espesante, tales como la cera de abeja, parafina dura, o alcohol cetílico. Agentes edulcorantes, tales como los que se exponen en el presente documento, y agentes saborizantes que se pueden añadir para proporcionar una preparación oral palatable. Estas composiciones se pueden conservar por la adición de un antioxidante tal como el ácido ascórbico.
Los polvos dispersables y gránulos de la invención adecuados para la preparación de una suspensión acuosa por la adición de agua proporcionan el principio activo mezclado con un agente dispersante o humectante, un agente suspensor y uno o más conservantes. Los agentes dispersantes o humectantes adecuados y los agentes suspensores se ejemplifican por lo que se han desvelado anteriormente. Excipientes adicionales, por ejemplo, agentes edulcorantes, saborizantes y colorantes, también pueden estar presentes.
Las composiciones farmacéuticas de la invención también pueden estar en forma de emulsiones de aceite en agua. La fase oleosa puede ser un aceite vegetal, tal como aceite de oliva o aceite de cacahuete, un aceite mineral tal como parafina líquida, o una mezcla de estos. Los agentes emulsionantes adecuados, tal como lecitina de soja,
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Compuesto 134
El compuesto 134 se preparó usando el procedimiento que se describe para el compuesto 76, excepto por que se usó CBZ-D-alaninol en lugar de CBZ-L-alaninol. Compuesto 135 El compuesto 135 se preparó siguiendo el procedimiento que se usa para preparar el compuesto 8, excepto por que
se usó el compuesto 134 en lugar del compuesto 22. Ejemplo CP El ejemplo CP (12 mg) se preparó siguiendo el procedimiento que se usa para preparar el ejemplo C, excepto por
que se usaron los compuestos 135 y 49 en lugar de los compuestos 8 y 7. m/z 597,2 (M+H)+. Ejemplo CO El ejemplo CQ (11 mg) se preparó siguiendo el procedimiento que se usa para preparar el ejemplo C, excepto por
que se usaron los compuestos 135 y 13d en lugar de los compuestos 8 y 7. m/z 611,2 (M+H)+. Ejemplo CR El ejemplo CR (7 mg) se preparó siguiendo el procedimiento que se usa para preparar el ejemplo P, excepto por que
se usó el ejemplo CP en lugar del ejemplo O. RMN de 1H (CDCl3) δ 8,82 (1 H, s), 7,88 (1 H, s), 7,02 (1 H, s), 6,92 (1 H, m), 5,28 (2 H, s), 5,10 (1 H, m), 4,5 (2 H, m), 4,15 (2 H, m), 3,88 (1 H, m), 3,8 -3,5 (2 H, m), 3,35 (1 H, m), 3,0 (3 H, s), 1,5 -1,0 (16 H, m); m/z: 541,1 (M+H)+.
Ejemplo CS El ejemplo CS (8 mg) se preparó siguiendo el procedimiento que se usa para preparar el ejemplo CO, excepto por que se usó el ejemplo CQ en lugar del ejemplo CN. RMN de 1H (CDCl3) δ 8,83 (1 H, s), 7,88 (1 H, s), 6,98 (1 H, s), 6,81 (1 H, m), 6,58 (1 H, m), 5,28 (2 H, s), 5,18 (1 H, m), 4,4 -4,3 (2 H, m), 4,03 (1 H, m), 3,85 (1 H, m), 3,58 (2 H, m), 3,3 (1 H, m), 2,99 (3 H, s), 1,5 -0,98 (19 H, m); m/z: 555,2 (M+H)+.
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