CN102946815A - 材料移除装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种导管,所述导管具有管状体和可旋转的轴,所述可旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内。切除元件联接到可旋转的轴,所述切除元件具有切除边缘,所述切除元件和可旋转的轴能够在管状体内在贮存位置和切除位置之间纵向运动,在所述贮存位置中,所述切除元件定位在侧开口的远侧,在所述切除位置中,所述切除元件包含在管状体的管腔内并且与侧开口纵向对准。切除元件构造成延伸通过侧开口并且当向近侧拉动导管通过治疗部位时在治疗部位处从脉管壁切除材料。导管可以可选地具有带有研磨表面的旋转远侧尖端。导管包括收集室,所述收集室定位在切割窗口的近侧。
Description
相关技术的交叉引用
本申请要求2010年6月14日提交的名为“材料移除装置和使用方法”的美国临时专利申请No.61/354,487的优先权,其全部内容均以援引的方式并入本发明。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于从体腔中的治疗部位移除并且收集材料的导管。更加具体地,本发明关于如下的导管:所述导管能够穿过脉管中完全闭塞的治疗部位,以使导管能够有效地对治疗部位处的脉管加以治疗。
背景技术
动脉粥样硬化是一种脉管系统的进行性病变,由此粥样斑块(atheroma)沉积在血管的内壁上。动脉粥样硬化是一种复杂、渐进性并且退化性病态,从而导致胆固醇和已知为斑块的其它阻塞性材料堆积在动脉壁上。斑块的聚集使动脉的内部或管腔变窄,从而降低了血流量。
斑块以若干不同形式产生在动脉中并且可以位于整个动脉系统的许多不同解剖结构中。斑块的组分有所差别,其中部分是硬而脆的称作钙化斑,而其它部分是脂肪的或者纤维的。随着时间的推移,动脉粥样化沉积物能够变得大到足以降低或者堵塞通过脉管的血流,从而导致低血流量的症状,诸如腿部疼痛(行走或休息时)、皮肤溃疡、心绞痛(休息或劳累)和其它症状。为了治疗这种病症并且改善或者解决这些症状,理想的是恢复或改善通过脉管的血流。
多种设备用于恢复或改善通过动脉粥样化脉管的血流。通过为球囊充气、膨胀支架和其它方法径向地扩展脉管而能够移动粥样斑块沉积物。使用激光和其它方法能够使沉积物成粉末状。粥样斑块切除导管能够用于从血管移除动脉粥样化沉积物并且当捕获从脉管移除的动脉粥样化碎片并且从身体移除所述动脉粥样化碎片时呈现理想的解决方案。
已经提出了多种类型的粥样斑块切除导管装置,包括具有旋转钻(burrs)的导管、光降解组织的激光和切削件球囊导管。然而,所有装置均存在挑战,诸如,行进通过小且弯曲的动脉以到达被斑块堵塞的目标区域或多个区域。如果斑块已经完全堵塞治疗部位,则这尤为困难。另一个挑战在于不能安全并且有效地操作并移除斑块,所述斑块在粥样斑块切除程序期间被从脉管壁上移除下来。某些装置完全没有设计成操作被释放的斑块碎片而是替代地使碎片通过循环移动。这能够导致产生许多问题,原因在于释放的斑块残余部分能够形成血栓并且能够最终导致下游堵塞。其它导管设计通过将移除的斑块捕获在收集室或贮存室内,以便能够从脉管中移除所述移除的斑块来减少这种问题的发生。
一种新近粥样斑块切除导管——铰接旋转刀片粥样斑块切除导管(由ev3,Inc.出售)——已经被设计成解决这些问题。导管(在美国专利Nos.7,771,444;7,713,279;和7,708,749中举例说明的特征,其全部内容均以援引的方式并入本发明)使用了:独特的旋转刀片;侧切除窗口,刀片能够延伸通过所述侧切除窗口;和铰接的前端突出(nose)设计,能够控制所述铰接的前端突出设计,以致使导管具有笔直的位置或成一定角度的位置。在切除程序期间,导管处于成一定角度的位置,因此能够推动侧切除窗口和切除刀片抵靠在脉管壁上。在切除程序期间,导管向远侧运动通过病变区。导管包括收集室,所述收集室位于切除窗口远侧的导管前端突出部的远侧部分中。切除刀片和切除窗口皆构造成引导从脉管壁切下的材料通过切除窗口并且进入到收集室中。
尽管导管代表了超越先前技术装置的显著进步,但是对于粥样斑块切除导管而言仍然存在挑战。例如,如果治疗部位是CTO(慢性闭塞病变),则不能够利用导管穿过病变区。慢性闭塞病变有时由硬的钙化材料构成,利用标准导丝或粥样斑块切除导管难以或者不能穿过所述硬的钙化材料。如果不能利用粥样斑块切除导管穿过慢性闭塞病变以使得能够将所述粥样斑块切除导管放置在适当的治疗部位中,则所述粥样斑块切除导管不能用于从治疗部位移除材料,并且必须使用其它替代性的治疗方案。
另外,移除材料的导管(诸如导管)可以包括定位在切除窗口远侧的收集室。这要求切除窗口远侧的导管长度足够长,以容纳收集室。这产生了一些相矛盾的设计选择。一方面,对于收集室而言,理想的是容积大到足以在装满收集室并且必须移除导管之前容纳合理数量的切除下的材料。另一方面,在特定应用中,容纳足够大的收集室所需的切除窗口远侧的导管的增加长度是不利的。例如,如果治疗部位或病变区位于具有尤为弯曲的解剖结构或较小尺寸的脉管中,则在病变区远侧可能没有足够可进入的脉管空间,以容纳切除窗口远侧的导管远端长度。位于治疗部位远侧的可进入的空间有时被称作“着陆区域”。为了有效使用导管,脉管的解剖结构必须诸如使导管能够前进足够远,以将切除窗口定位在治疗部位内并且将容纳收集室的导管远侧部分定位在着陆区域中。因此,在具有短着陆区域的脉管中难以使用粥样斑块切除导管。
另外,在切除行程期间,操作者可以从导管近端向远侧推动粥样斑块切除导管通过治疗部位,其中,切除刀片延伸通过切除窗口。在导管的推动运动期间,由于脉管尺寸或弯曲的脉管解剖结构,导管能够遭遇到阻力。在使用期间,这种阻力能够使操作者更加难以控制导管。在遭遇阻力时,推动运动还能够压缩导管的轴,从而增加轴变形的可能性。如果在突然释放推动运动的情况下遭遇阻力,则导管能够沿着远侧方向跳动,从而能够导致对脉管造成伤害,诸如穿孔或剖开。当向近侧拉动导管通过脉管时,导管主体被拉紧而非被压缩。因为在这种拉紧状态下,将趋于较少地储蓄能量,所以突然释放拉动运动遭遇到的阻力导致产生跳动的可能性较小。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种改进的粥样斑块切除导管,所述粥样斑块切除导管具有克服现有装置所遇见的问题的特征。在一个实施例中,粥样斑块切除导管具有带有研磨表面的旋转远侧尖端,所述研磨表面使得导管能够切割穿过并且横跨慢性闭塞病变。在另一个实施例中,粥样斑块切除导管具有:切除窗口,所述切除窗口定位在导管的侧壁中;和切除刀片,所述切除刀片构造成延伸通过切除窗口并且当向近侧拉动导管通过治疗部位时在治疗部位处从脉管壁切除材料。在这个实施例中,导管可以可选地具有带研磨表面的旋转远侧尖端。导管包括收集室,所述收集室定位在切除窗口的近侧。导管可以包括将从治疗部位切除下的材料引导到收集室中的装置。本发明的导管还可以可选地构造成防止驱动轴堵塞切除窗口或者与切除窗口发生干扰。在一个实施例中,导管设置有切除元件,所述切除元件具有两个切除结构和两个切除位置。
在一个实施例中,本发明是一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管。所述导管包括:管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧。能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内。切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件具有切除边缘,所述切除元件和所述能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在贮存位置和切除位置之间纵向运动,在所述贮存位置中,所述切除元件定位于所述侧开口的远侧,在所述切除位置中,所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内并且与所述侧开口纵向对准。所述导管还包括切除元件暴露构件,所述切除元件暴露构件能够在所述管状体内在远侧位置和近侧位置之间纵向运动,所述切除元件暴露构件构造成使得当所述切除元件处于所述切除位置中时所述切除元件暴露构件从所述远侧位置到所述近侧位置的运动导致了所述切除元件从所述切除位置运动到延伸位置,在所述延伸位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且越过所述管状体的外径。材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述侧开口近侧的位置处。
本发明的实施例以及在此公开的其它实施例还可以包括其它特征,所述其它特征包括:能够旋转的尖端,所述能够旋转的尖端连接到所述管状体的远端;和连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的轴联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的轴分开。连接件组件可以包括第一部分和第二部分,所述第一部分包括切除元件的成形为与包括可旋转的尖端的一部分的第二部分机械互锁的部分。这个实施例可以额外地包括导丝腔,所述导丝腔延伸通过所述能够旋转的轴、通过所述切除元件并且通过旋转尖端,使得所述导管构造成为沿着丝的导管。可旋转尖端可以包括研磨表面。导管还可以包括手柄,所述手柄附接在所述管状体的近侧部分处,所述手柄包括电源、联接到所述能够旋转的轴的电机以及第一控制构件和第二控制构件,所述第一控制构件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第二控制构件联接到所述切除元件暴露构件,所述第一控制构件构造成使所述切除元件在所述贮存位置和所述切除位置之间运动,所述第二控制构件构造成使所述切除元件暴露构件在所述远侧位置和所述近侧位置之间运动。切除元件暴露构件可以包括具有远端和近端的牵拉线以及弯曲衬套,所述弯曲衬套连接在所述牵拉线的远端处,所述牵拉线的近端连接到所述第二控制构件。此外,切除元件暴露构件可以选择性地运动,以控制切除边缘延伸通过侧开口的量。
在这个实施例以及在此描述的其它实施例中的任何一个中,所述切除元件在所述管状体内能够纵向运动到材料压缩位置,所述材料压缩位置位于所述侧开口的近侧,所述切除元件构造成当所述切除元件处于所述材料压缩位置时将材料压缩在所述材料收集室中。在此公开的实施例的所述切除元件还可以进一步包括侧切除刀片,所述侧切除刀片构造成当所述切除元件处于所述切除位置时切除收入到所述侧开口中的材料。所述切除元件可以构造成使得当所述切除元件处于所述延伸位置并且所述导管在所述脉管腔内向近侧运动时利用所述切除边缘从所述脉管腔切除材料,并且当所述切除元件处于所述切除位置并且所述导管在所述脉管腔内向远侧或向近侧运动时利用所述侧切除刀片切除材料。所述切除元件可以包括向近侧定向的杯状表面,所述杯状表面构造成将从所述脉管腔移除的材料引导到所述收集室中。
本发明的这个实施例以及在此公开的其它实施例还可以包括将从所述脉管腔移除的材料向近侧引导到所述收集室中的引导装置和用于当所述切除元件处于所述延伸位置时防止所述能够旋转的轴堵塞所述侧开口的防止装置。
在另一个实施例中,本发明是一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管。所述导管包括管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧。能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内。切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件和能够旋转的轴一起形成能够旋转的组件,所述切除元件具有切除边缘,所述切除元件和能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置和延伸切除位置之间运动,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且越过所述管状体的外径。材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述侧开口近侧的位置处。能够旋转的尖端连接到所述管状体的远端。所述导管还包括连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件分开。
这个实施例可以设置有上述的额外的特征。另外,这个实施例可以包括切除元件暴露构件,所述切除元件暴露构件能够在所述管状体内在远侧位置和近侧位置之间纵向运动,所述切除元件暴露构件构造成使得当所述切除元件处于所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置时所述切除元件暴露构件从所述远侧位置到所述近侧位置的运动导致了所述切除元件从位于所述管状体的管腔内的位置运动到所述延伸切除位置。所述导管可以包括手柄,所述手柄附接在所述管状体的近侧部分处,所述手柄包括电源、联接到所述能够旋转的轴的电机以及第一控制构件,所述第一控制构件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第一控制构件构造成使所述能够旋转的组件在所述分开位置和所述联接位置之间运动。
在其它实施例中,本发明是一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管。所述导管包括管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述管状体具有位于所述远端处的第一开口和位于所述远端的近侧且通过所述壁的第二开口。所述导管包括:第一切除元件,所述第一切除元件定位在所述管状体的远端处并且构造成当所述导管向远侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第一开口从所述脉管切除材料;第二切除元件,所述第二切除元件定位在所述第一切除元件的近侧并且构造成当所述导管向近侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第二开口从所述脉管移除材料。
在这个实施例中,导管还可以包括能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内,所述第二切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴一起形成能够旋转的组件。所述第二切除元件可以包括切除边缘,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置和延伸切除位置之间运动,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述第二开口并且越过所述管状体的外径。所述第一切除元件可以包括具有研磨作用的能够旋转的尖端。导管可以包括连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件分开。第二切除元件还可以包括:侧切除刀片,所述侧切除刀片构造成当所述第二切除元件处于所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置中时切除收入到所述第二开口中的材料;和材料收集室,所述材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述第二开口近侧的位置处。
在另一个实施例中,本发明是一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管。所述导管包括管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述管状体具有位于所述远端处的第一开口和位于所述远端的近侧且通过所述壁的第二开口。所述导管包括:第一切除元件,所述第一切除元件定位在所述管状体的远端处并且构造成当所述导管向远侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第一开口从所述脉管切除材料;第二切除元件,所述第二切除元件定位在所述第一切除元件的近侧并且构造成当所述导管向近侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第二开口从所述脉管移除材料;和第三切除元件,所述第三切除元件构造成当所述导管静止在所述脉管内时、当所述导管通过所述脉管向远侧运动时以及当所述导管通过所述脉管向近侧运动时,通过所述第二开口从所述脉管腔移除材料。
在这个实施例中,导管还可以包括能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内,所述第二切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴一起形成能够旋转的组件。所述第二切除元件可以包括切除边缘,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置和延伸切除位置之间运动,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述第二开口并且越过所述管状体的外径。所述第一切除元件可以包括具有研磨作用的能够旋转的尖端。导管还可以包括连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件分开。所述第三切除元件可以包括侧切除刀片,所述侧切除刀片附接到所述第二切除元件并且构造成当所述第二切除元件位于所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置时切除收入到所述第二开口中的材料。导管可以包括材料收集室,所述材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述第二开口近侧的位置处。所述切除元件暴露构件能够选择性地运动,以控制所述切除边缘延伸通过所述侧开口的量。
在另一个实施例中,本发明是一种利用导管在脉管腔内从治疗部位移除材料的方法,所述导管具有:管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧;能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内;和切除元件,所述切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件具有切除边缘,所述管状体的近端连接到控制手柄,所述管状体的远端连接到能够旋转的切除尖端。所述方法包括:使所述管状体前进通过所述脉管腔,直到所述能够旋转的切除尖端位于所述治疗部位近侧为止;在使所述管状体向远侧前进穿过所述治疗部位的同时旋转所述能够旋转的尖端,以将所述侧开口定位在位于所述治疗部位内或位于所述治疗部位远侧的位置处;使所述切除元件从所述管状体内的位置运动到延伸切除位置,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且超过所述管状体的外径;以及在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体,以使所述切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料。
在这个实施例中,所述导管可以包括连接件组件,以用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的切除尖端与所述能够旋转的轴联接以及使所述能够旋转的切除尖端与所述能够旋转的轴分开,并且其中,旋转所述能够旋转的切除尖端的步骤包括在将所述能够旋转的切除尖端联接到所述能够旋转的轴的同时旋转所述能够旋转的轴。在这个实施例中,在使所述能够旋转的切除尖端与所述能够旋转的轴分开的同时实施在所述切除尖端处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下向近侧收回所述管状体的步骤。在这个实施例中,所述导管可以包括材料收集室,所述材料收集室位于所述管状体内在所述侧开口的近侧,并且所述方法还可以包括使所述切除元件在所述管状体内运动到所述侧开口近侧的位置,以将切除下的材料压缩在所述材料收集室内。在这个实施例中,使所述切除元件运动到延伸切除位置的步骤可以包括:使所述切除元件在所述管状体内从位于所述侧开口远侧的贮存位置向近侧运动到切除位置,在所述切除位置中,所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内并且与所述侧开口纵向对准;和使所述切除元件从所述切除位置径向向外运动到所述延伸切除位置。所述导管可以包括导丝腔,所述导丝腔延伸通过所述能够旋转的轴、通过所述切除元件并且通过所述能够旋转的切除尖端,并且使所述管状体前进通过所述脉管腔的步骤可以包括使所述管状体沿着插入在所述导丝腔内的导丝前进。
在这个实施例中,所述导管的手柄可以包括第一控制构件和第二控制构件,并且使所述切除元件运动到延伸切除位置的步骤可以包括:操作所述第一控制构件,以使所述切除元件在所述管状体内从位于所述侧开口远侧的贮存位置向近侧运动到切除位置,在所述切除位置中,所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内并且与所述侧开口纵向对准;操作所述第二控制构件,以使所述切除元件从所述切除位置径向向外运动到所述延伸切除位置。此外,所述切除元件可以具有第二切除边缘,并且所述方法还包括:在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔,从而使所述第二切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料。在这个方法中,在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体的步骤之后实施在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔的步骤。所述方法还可以包括围绕所述管状体的纵向轴线旋转所述管状体,以重新定向所述切除元件在所述治疗部位内的位置。
在其它实施例中,本发明是一种利用导管在脉管腔内从治疗部位移除材料的方法。所述导管具有:管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧;能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内;和切除元件,所述切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件具有第一切除边缘和第二切除边缘,所述管状体的近端连接到控制手柄。所述方法包括:使所述管状体前进通过所述脉管腔,直到所述侧开口位于所述治疗部位的近侧为止;使所述切除元件从所述管状体内的位置运动到延伸切除位置,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述第一和所述第二切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且超过所述管状体的外径;以及在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔,以使所述第一切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料;和在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体,以使所述第二切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料。
在这个实施例中,在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下在使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔的步骤之后可以实施在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体的步骤。所述方法还可以包括围绕所述管状体的纵向轴线旋转所述管状体,以重新定向所述切除元件在所述治疗部位内的位置。
从优选实施例、附图和权利要求的以下描述中本发明的这些和其它方法将变得显而易见。在附图和以下描述中陈述本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节。本发明的其它特征、目的、和优势将从描述和附图以及从权利要求中变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1A图解了本发明的粥样斑块切除导管的近端的切除件驱动件的局部侧立体图;图1B图解了图1A的切除件驱动件的侧立体图,其中移除了顶部外壳部分;
图2A图解了本发明的粥样斑块切除导管的远端部分的立体图;图2B图解了图1A中图解的粥样斑块切除导管的远端部分的剖视图,其中切除元件处于贮存位置中;
图3图解了在图2A中图解的粥样斑块切除导管的一部分的局部横截面的局部半透明立体图,其中切除元件处于工作位置中;
图4A图解了切除元件和驱动轴的实施例的剖视图;图4B图解了本发明的驱动轴的实施例的侧视图;
图5图解了本发明的切除件驱动接合件的立体图;
图6图解了本发明的旋转尖端元件的立体图;
图7图解了具有驱动轴的替代实施例的导管的一部分的局部半透明侧视图;
图8图解了图7的具有改进的材料收集特征的实施例的局部半透明侧视图;
图9图解了具有驱动轴的替代实施例的导管的一部分的局部半透明侧视图;
图10至12图解了切除元件的替代实施例的局部半透明侧视图;
图13-15图解了驱动轴和切除件驱动接合件的替代性实施例;
图16是构造成用于用作快速更换导管的导管的替代性实施例;
图17A、17B和17C图解了使用粥样斑块切除导管的方法。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的设备将大体包括导管,所述导管具有适于腔内引入到目标体腔的导管主体。导管主体的尺寸和其它物理特征将根据待进入的体腔发生显著变化。在用于脉管内引入的粥样斑块切除导管的示例性示例中,导管主体的远侧部分将通常非常具有柔性并且适于沿着导丝引入到脉管系统内的目标部位。具体地,当导丝通道完全延伸通过导管主体时导管能够被用来“沿着导丝”引入或者在导丝通道仅仅延伸通过导管主体的远侧部分的情况下导管用来“快速更换”引入。在其它示例中,能够提供位于导管远侧部分上的固定的或整体的线圈尖端或导丝尖端,或者甚至完全无需导丝。为了图解的方便性,在所有实施例中均没有示出导丝,但是应当理解的是,所述导丝能够包含在这些实施例的任何一个中。
用于脉管内引入的导管主体的长度将通常处于50cm至200cm的范围内并且外径的范围为1French至12French(0.33mm:1French),通常从3French至9French。在冠状动脉导管的示例中,长度通常处于125cm至200cm的范围内,直径优选地低于8French,更加优选地低于7French,并且最为优选地处于2French至7French的范围内。导管主体将通常由有机聚合物构成,所述有机聚合物通过传统挤压技术制造而成。适当的聚合物包括聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯、聚酯、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、硅橡胶、天然橡胶等。可选地,导管主体可以利用编织、螺旋金属丝、线圈、轴向丝等增强,以增加旋转强度、裂断强度(columnstrength)、韧性、可推动性等。适当的导管主体可以通过挤压形成,其中,当需要时设置一个或多个通道。能够使用传统技术通过热膨胀和收缩来修改导管直径。因此所产生的导管将适于通过传统技术引入到脉管系统中,所述脉管系统包括冠状动脉和外周动脉。
本发明的粥样斑块切除导管的侧开口或切除窗口可以具有大约2mm至6mm的长度。然而在其它实施例中,开口或切除窗口能够更大或更小,但是应当大到足以允许切除件突出一个预定距离,所述预定距离足以从治疗部位处的体腔切除或减灭(debulk)材料。
参照图1A至6,示出了粥样斑块切除导管2。导管2具有切除元件4,所述切除元件4用于从诸如动脉或静脉血管的血液流动腔切除材料。导管2可以包括具有研磨作用的旋转尖端7,所述旋转尖端7用于钻透管腔中原本可能阻止导管通过脉管向远侧运动的任何闭塞物,并且将在下文更加详细地讨论。应当指出的是,研磨尖端是可选的并且粥样斑块切除导管根据应用可以制造成不具有研磨尖端。切除元件安装在柔性驱动轴20的远端处。驱动轴20延伸通过导管2中的管腔21。导管2由组织收集室12构成。在一些实施例中,组织收集室12是具有聚合物覆盖物的带槽的金属管,诸如热收缩管。在其它实施例中,组织收集室12是一段位于窗口6近侧的导管主体8。导管主体8可以设置有附接有管的侧壁开口(均未示出),以促进通过位于导管主体和驱动轴20之间的环形空间抽吸切除下的碎片或注入流体(包括药物)。导管2在其近端处联接到诸如示例性的切除件驱动件5的手柄。
切除件驱动件5由电机11、电源15(例如,一个或多个电池)、微型开关(未示出)、外壳17(如图1B所示移除了外壳的上半体)、杆13、杆16和用于将轴20连接到驱动件的电机11的连接组件(未示出)。切除件驱动件5能够作为用户手柄,以操作导管2。杆13在向前或远侧位置和向后或近侧位置之间运动。杆13操作地联接到驱动轴20,以便杆13的前进或收回导致驱动轴20对应的前进或收回,其继而控制切除元件在外壳中的位置。如将在下文中更加详细讨论的那样,当杆13位于向前位置中时,切除元件4位于其贮存位置中,而当杆13处于向后位置中时,切除元件4处于其切除位置中。尽管没有示出,但是切除件驱动件5包括开关,以将电源15电连接到电机11,从而致使切除元件4旋转。杆16在向前或远侧位置和向后或近侧位置之间运动。杆16操作地联接到牵拉线30。牵拉线30附接到衬套31。如将在下文中更加详细讨论的那样,当切除元件处于贮存位置时杆16处于向前位置中。当切除元件4运动到其切除位置时,杆16运动到向后位置,以致使切除元件延伸通过切除窗口。
当轴20旋转时,切除元件4围绕纵向轴线LA旋转。切除元件4以大约1rpm至160,000rpm旋转,但是根据具体应用可以以任何其它适当的速度旋转。名为“减灭导管”的美国专利No.7,771,444(其内容均以援引的方式并入本发明)中对与具有类似于切除元件4的切除元件的导管2相类似的导管进行了进一步描述。
切除元件可以由一个连续部件形成或者可以由多个部件构成,所述多个部件通过焊接、钎焊、铜焊、粘结联结、机械互锁或其它方式相继连结在一起。切除元件包括:切除件驱动接合件4,所述切除件驱动接合件4适于接收并且连接到驱动轴;和切除边缘22,所述切除边缘22位于切除元件4的径向外边缘23处。驱动轴可以通过焊接、钎焊、铜焊或粘结联结连接到切除件驱动接合件。可替代地,连接可以是机械互锁或其它方式。
在图5中示出了切除件驱动接合件的立体图。在图5中,切除件驱动接合件示出为与切除元件的其余部分分离。在这个实施例中,驱动轴20可以是中空的并且具有形成导丝腔的管腔。切除件驱动接合件具有开口,所述开口构造成接收驱动轴的远端部分。切除件驱动接合件可以包括管腔28,所述管腔28定位成与驱动轴的导丝腔对准,以允许导丝通过切除件驱动接合件。驱动轴可以由具有足够柔性的任何适当的材料制成。例如,驱动轴可以包括编织的金属丝、螺旋缠绕的金属丝或实心管。在如图4B所示的一个实施例中,驱动轴20c由螺旋缠绕的不锈钢丝制成,所述螺旋缠绕的不锈钢丝可以用左手或右手缠绕并且具有焊接的近端和远端,所述近端和远端没有延伸越过编织的钢丝的外侧尺寸。在一些实施例中,驱动轴20c由多层螺旋缠绕的金属丝构成,在一些示例中,利用相反的用手习惯来缠绕螺旋缠绕的金属丝的相邻层。导丝腔从驱动轴20的近端延伸到驱动轴20的远端,以便导管可以用作沿着导丝的导管。在图16示出的导管快速更换实施例中,导管设置有缩短的导丝腔。在快速更换实施例中,驱动轴不需要具有导丝腔,并且因此可以可选地是实心的或者至少不需要是空心的。
通过操作者操作杆13,切除元件4相对于导管2的主体8的开口或切除窗口6能够在贮存位置(图2B)和切除位置(图3)之间运动。在贮存位置中,切除元件在导管的包封远侧部分内定位在切除窗口的远侧。在切除元件从贮存位置运动到切除位置的过程中,通过使杆13(和驱动轴20)向近侧运动而使得切除元件沿着纵向或轴向方向向近侧运动到切除窗口内的适当位置中。如将在下文中更加详细描述的那样,此后切除元件4相对于开口6向外运动,以便切除元件4的一部分从主体8向外延伸通过开口6。更加具体地,在切除窗口的位置处,切除元件的一部分径向向外运动到超过导管主体的外径的位置。在一个实施例中,可以相对于主体8和开口6定位切除元件4,以便暴露出小于90度的切除元件4,以切除组织。在其它实施例中,在没有背离本发明的多个方面的前提下,可以暴露出或多或少的切除元件4。
在使用导管期间,导管前进通过脉管,直到开口6定位成毗邻脉管的治疗部位的远端或位于脉管的治疗部位的远端的远侧,其中,切除元件4处于贮存位置中。然后切除元件从贮存位置向近侧运动到切除位置。一旦切除元件已运动到导管主体内的适当纵向位置时,则所述切除元件向外倾斜,以便切除元件的切除边缘22的一部分延伸超过导管外壳的直径。切除元件具有大体圆筒形或管状形状。切除边缘22环绕切除元件的近端沿着圆周延伸并且沿着大体向近侧的方向定向。一旦切除元件已经由此延伸,则向近侧拉动导管2通过脉管,其中切除元件4处于工作或切除位置中,如以下将进一步详细描述的那样。当在切除元件4处于工作或切除位置的前提下导管2运动通过血管时,通过切除元件4的切除边缘切除组织材料并且将所述切除下的组织材料引导到定位在切除元件4近侧的组织收集室12中。组织收集室12可以是略微细长的,以容纳已经被切除下的组织。如先前所提及的那样,导管主体8可以在近侧位置处设置有侧壁开口,通过管能够将所述侧壁开口连接到抽吸源,以便能够通过位于导管主体和驱动轴20之间的环形空间抽吸由旋转切除件元件4所产生的碎片。组织收集室可以与位于窗口近侧的导管长度一样长。因为导管主体的近侧部分可以额外地具有侧壁开口或端口(未示出),所以通过导管运送的组织能够通过侧壁端口离开。然而,因为组织收集室定位在切除窗口的近侧,所以其长度不受治疗部位的着陆区域的尺寸限制。因此,组织收集室12能够制成具有任何期望的长度。
通过使用切除件刀片暴露机构经由开口6暴露出切除元件4,所述切除件刀片暴露机构包括附接到衬套31的牵拉线30。如在图2B中的横截面充分所见的那样,衬套31具有弯曲的或凸轮表面32。当已经抵达治疗部位时,开口6定位成位于待治疗的病变区的紧远侧。然后杆13向近侧运动到其向后位置,以使驱动轴和切除元件向近侧运动到切除窗口内的位置。为了通过切除窗口暴露出切除元件,杆16向近侧运动到其向后位置,以便当将导管主体和切除元件4保持在静止位置的同时操作者向近侧收回牵拉线30。当收回牵拉线30时,衬套31的凸轮表面32作用在切除件驱动接合件41的成角度的斜面14上,从而致使切除元件向外倾斜,以便切除元件的切除边缘22延伸越过导管外壳的外表面并且通过开口6,如图3所示。凸轮表面32相对于切除件驱动接合件41的斜面14沿着向近侧的方向运动的距离确定了切除边缘延伸越过导管的外表面的距离。如果牵拉线30被向近侧进一步收回一定距离,则衬套31的凸轮表面32将进一步向近侧运动并且作用在切除件驱动接合件41的斜面14上,以致使所述斜面14以更大的角度向外倾斜,以便切除边缘22进一步延伸一定距离通过开口6。切除边缘22延伸通过开口6的程度或距离确定了在程序期间从管腔移除的材料的切除深度。能够通过小心地操作杆16来控制切除深度,以便能够以预先选择的切除深度从治疗部位移除病变的组织。为了促进精确地控制杆16,所述杆16能够装备有棘轮或棘爪机构,或者能够与手柄螺纹接合,或者构造成允许衬套31的渐进式运动和/或位置锁定。牵拉线30可以包括金属丝或其它适当的材料并且可以具有基本恒定的直径。可替代地,牵拉线30可以具有平整或者弯曲的横截面。牵拉线30可以包含在导管2的管腔21中或者可以容纳在导管2内的单独的管腔(未示出)中。衬套31可以具有弯曲横截面形状,所述衬套31在导管2的管腔21内延伸180度或者更少,以便所述衬套31不会对切除元件延伸通过开口造成干扰。
一旦切除元件4已经延伸到开口6中时,则接合驱动电机以旋转切除元件(通过驱动轴20),并且通过脉管的管腔向近侧收回导管2,以从病变区移除材料。如在图17A至17C中充分所见那样,导管2还可以包括朝向远端的刚性弯折或弯曲状,所述刚性弯折或弯曲状可以帮助朝向体腔的壁推动切除窗口6和切除元件4,以增强治疗。该种刚性弯折通过允许切除件横跨更宽直径的管腔被推动到管腔壁上来增加导管的工作范围。
切除元件4可以具有杯状表面24,所述杯状表面24引导切除边缘22切除下的组织进入到组织室12中。切除边缘22可以位于切除元件4的径向外边缘23处。在一些实施例中,对于从纵向轴线LA到切除边缘22处的外半径的至少一半距离而言,杯状表面24可以是没有通孔、齿状件、翅状件或其它破坏表面24的顺滑质感的特征件的顺滑连续表面。在其它实施例中,杯状表面可以具有有限数量的通孔、齿状件、翅状件或其它特征件。公开为美国专利申请U.S.2010/0312263且名为“用于切除并且研磨组织的方法和装置”的授予Moberg以及其他人的美国专利申请序列No.12/768,281(其全部内容均以援引方式并入本发明)中描述了具有类似于切除元件4的切除元件的导管。
图6是可选的旋转尖端7的立体剖视图。在此公开的导管实施例中的任何一个可以根据应用设置有固定尖端或旋转尖端。如先前所描述的那样,驱动轴20连接或以相同的方式联接到切除件驱动接合件41,以形成可旋转的组件。图5是切除元件4的切除件驱动接合件41的立体图。切除件驱动接合件41具有六角形凸形部分27。切除件驱动接合件41的六角形凸形部分与旋转尖端元件7的凹形六角形接合件插槽47相配合(如图2B所示),以当切除元件4处于贮存位置中时将旋转尖端联接到可旋转组件。当切除元件处于切除位置时,可旋转的尖端与驱动组件分开。换言之,切除件驱动接合件(驱动组件)的配合部分和可旋转的尖端形成连接件组件,以用于选择性地联接可旋转的尖端和可旋转组件以及使可旋转的尖端与可旋转组件分开。通过使杆13运动到向前位置实现贮存位置。在切除元件处于贮存位置的同时旋转驱动轴时,将旋转运动施加到切除件驱动接合件,继而所述切除件驱动接合件旋转旋转尖端7。旋转尖端7包括可选的管腔43,所述可选的管腔43从插槽47延伸到所述旋转尖端7的远端。当切除元件处于贮存位置中时管腔43与切除件驱动接合件的管腔28对准,以容纳导丝。因此,用于这种沿着金属丝类型的导管的导丝腔包括中空驱动轴的内管腔、切除件驱动接合件的管腔28和旋转尖端的管腔43。应当确认的是,尽管在这个实施例中切除件驱动接合件的配合部分和尖端示出为横截面为六角形,但是只要旋转地固定部件之间的配合关系,则还能够选择诸如正方形、三角形等的其它横截面形状。还应当确认的是,在具有固定尖端的导管的实施例中,切除件驱动接合件能够改变成不包括六角形凸形部分或者与尖端相配合的任何其它结构。
通过保持卡圈35将旋转尖端7联接到导管外壳。通过铆接、焊接、粘合等将保持卡圈35固定地附接到导管主体8。保持卡圈35被接收在旋转尖端元件7的保持腔42中。在允许尖端自由旋转运动的同时,保持卡圈35防止旋转尖端7轴向运动。当切除元件处于贮存位置并且使切除件的驱动电机通电以旋转驱动轴20时,切除件驱动接合件41的被接收到旋转尖端元件7的接合件插槽47中的六角形凸形部分27也旋转,从而旋转具有研磨作用的旋转尖端7。接收到保持腔42中的保持卡圈35在保持旋转尖端40固定地附接到导管2的同时允许旋转尖端元件40自由地旋转
旋转尖端元件7的外远侧表面可以具有粗糙的研磨表面44,所述粗糙的研磨表面44可以由具有一定颗粒尺寸的坚硬颗粒材料(诸如金刚石、碳化硅、氧化铝、碳化钨、金属、硬化钢或其它材料)构成并且可以由磨粒尺寸所限定。公开为美国专利申请U.S.2010/0312263且名为“用于切除并且研磨组织的方法和装置”的授予Moberg以及其他人的美国专利申请序列No.12/768,281(其全部内容均以援引方式并入本发明)中描述了具有类似于研磨表面44并且适于用作研磨表面44的具有研磨作用的切除表面。在使用期间,当导管向远侧前进通过脉管腔时,诸如慢性闭塞病变(CTO)的闭塞物或堵塞物可以阻止导管行进。在这个示例中,旋转尖端7将被接合并且开始旋转,并且粗糙的研磨表面44能够开始剪切掉慢性闭塞病变层或者其它堵塞物,直到旋转尖端7钻透慢性闭塞病变(或其它堵塞物)为止,从而使得导管2能够前进,以便将切除窗口定位在允许切除元件从治疗部位处的病变区移除材料的位置处。如先前所提及的那样,导管主体可以设有位于近侧位置处的侧壁开口,所述侧壁开口能够由管连接到抽吸源,以便能够通过位于导管主体和驱动轴之间的环形空间抽吸由旋转尖端所产生的碎片。
在使用中,导管2以相对较大的条带从脉管壁上切除更软的粥样斑块并且杯状表面24引导这些条带通过开口6进入到收集室12中。因为收集室12定位在窗口6和切除元件4的近侧,所以理想的是尽可能地保持窗口6和收集室之间的通道免被阻塞。可能阻碍切除下的材料从窗口运动到收集室的一个潜在阻塞是驱动轴。如以上所解释的那样,切除元件沿着窗口的方向倾斜,以在切除程序期间使切除边缘延伸到窗口外。这种倾斜也影响了驱动轴的位置并且趋于沿着窗口的方向重新定向驱动轴的位于切除元件紧近侧的部分。通过使驱动轴在其长度上极其具有柔性、或者在另一个实施例中通过使驱动轴在切除件紧近侧的一段长度上极其具有柔性,从而最小化当切除元件倾斜时由驱动轴的这种偏斜所导致的阻塞程度。例如,柔性驱动轴将在毗邻其与切除元件的连接或联接点处大幅度弯曲,以便所述柔性驱动轴保持靠近导管2的中央轴线的位置。驱动轴20的增加柔性也减小了驱动轴对于有角度倾斜的切除元件4的任何阻力。在由固体空心管状材料形成的驱动轴中,驱动轴可以设置有由激光机械实施的螺旋(或者定向的)切除部S,如在图4A的横截面中所见的那样。在一些实施例中,螺旋切除部沿着当旋转轴时变紧的方向制成,并且使连接轴20沿着紧邻与切除元件相联的联接点的螺旋切除部部分更具有柔性。这些螺旋切除部允许切除元件在开口6的外侧自由倾斜而同时驱动轴20的位置可以被保持在外壳内并且与正被切除元件4切除并引入收集室12中的材料保持一定距离。
在图13至15示出的替代性实施例中,可以对驱动轴和切除元件加以修改,以进一步确保驱动轴不会阻塞窗口和收集室之间的通道。图13示出了替代性驱动轴20d,所述驱动轴20d在其远端处具有扩大的球50。图14示出了替代性切除件驱动接合件41a,所述切除件接合件41a在其远端处具有插槽52,以接收驱动轴20d的扩大的球50。图15是联接到切除件驱动接合件41a的驱动轴20d的剖视图。驱动轴20d的毗邻扩大球50的远侧区域具有六角形的横截面形状。切除件驱动接合件41a包括管腔,所述管腔从近端向内朝向插槽52渐缩。渐缩的形状构造成匹配驱动轴的毗邻扩大球的横截面形状。在这个实施例中,驱动轴和切除件驱动接合件之间的连接是机械连接。球50牢固地保持在插槽52内并且防止驱动轴相对于切除件驱动接合件进行任何纵向运动。切除件驱动接合件的渐缩内侧部的尺寸设计为防止驱动轴相对于切除件驱动接合件旋转。然而,切除件驱动接合件的渐缩内侧部的尺寸设计为允许驱动轴相对于切除件驱动接合件作某些枢转运动。这种构造在允许切除件驱动接合件倾斜或者围绕扩大的球50枢转的同时允许切除件驱动接合件41a接收驱动轴20d并且被驱动轴20d旋转。因此,在这个实施例中,当切除件驱动接合件41a朝向切除窗口倾斜以先前所描述的方式通过窗口暴露出切除元件时,驱动轴构造成在导管主体内保持居中或者至少没有被很大程度地朝向窗口推动。因此这个实施例减小了驱动轴对切除下的材料从切除窗口传递到收集室所造成的潜在干扰。
图7和8示出了替代性导管实施例。示出了导管2A,其中,导管2A的相同或相似的附图标记指代导管2的相同或相似的结构,并且除非另有说明,否则关于导管2的相同或相似特征所进行的所有讨论可以相等地应用于此处。与导管2相比,已经在切除元件4紧近侧处赋予驱动轴20a变窄的直径。这种变窄的直径更少地堵塞从切除窗口6到收集室12的材料通道。因此,导管2A通过提供用于待收集在导管内的粥样斑块/组织的额外空间而允许更为方便地收集治疗部位处的粥样斑块/组织。应当指出的是,驱动轴20a(或者在此公开的其它实施例中的任何一个的驱动轴)能够额外地覆盖有润滑剂或泰富龙,以减少粘附到驱动轴20a的粥样斑块/组织。
图8示出了导管2A,所述导管2A设置有增强收集室的材料贮存效率的特征。在这个实施例中,对手柄或者控制机构加以修改,以允许进一步向近侧收回驱动轴,从而导致向近侧越过切除窗口收回切除元件。在这个实施例中,因为杆16向远侧前进,从而使衬套31向远侧前进并且允许切除元件4回到导管主体内,所以切除元件没有延伸通过切除窗口。然后,朝向操作者向近侧拉回驱动轴和切除元件4,与此同时导管和外壳保持静止。当切除元件向近侧被拉回越过切除窗口时,杯状表面24收集并且拉回导管腔内的粥样斑块/组织进入到收集室12中。这压缩粥样斑块/组织并且进一步增加了导管2A的材料贮存能力。尽管通常是在切除部件不发生旋转的前提下进行所述拉回压缩步骤,但是能够在切除元件旋转的同时进行拉回压缩步骤。应当指出的是,这种拉回压缩系统能够包括在在此公开的导管实施例中的任何一个中,以提高收集室的贮存效率。
在图9中示出了导管的另一个实施例。示出了导管2B,其中,导管2B的相同或相似的附图标记指代导管2的相同或相似的结构,并且除非另有说明,否则关于导管2的相同或相似特征所进行的所有讨论可以相等地应用于此处。与导管2相比,驱动轴20b在切除元件4紧近侧处已经设置有螺旋钻刀片29。当螺旋钻刀片29与驱动轴20b一起旋转时,进入到切除窗口中的粥样斑块/组织被拉动离开切除区域和治疗部位并且进入到导管2B的收集室12中。这个实施例通过提供用于待收集在导管内的粥样斑块/组织的额外空间而更加方便地收集治疗部位处的粥样斑块/组织。应当指出的是,连接轴20b和螺旋钻刀片29能够额外地涂覆有润滑剂或泰富龙,以减少粘附到驱动轴20b的粥样斑块/组织。在这个实施例中,切除元件可以是细长的并且具有结合图10至12在以下描述的切除元件4c的特征。如先前所讨论的那样,可以通过导管2设置抽吸,以帮助将材料从切除件元件向近侧抽吸到螺旋钻刀片29。
图10至12示出了另一个导管实施例。示出了导管2C,其中,导管2C的相同或相似的附图标记指代导管2的相同或相似的结构,并且除非另有说明,否则关于导管2的相同或相似特征所进行的所有讨论可以相等地应用于此处。与导管2相比,导管2C具有切除元件4c的细长的杯状表面24c,所述细长的杯状表面24c与先前所描述的切除元件4的对应杯状表面24相比具有更大的径向表面面积。另外,细长的杯状表面24c具有带侧切除刀片26c的开口25c,所述侧切除刀片26c有助于材料收集能力。因此,切除元件4c具有两个分开的切除结构和切除位置。在如图10所示的第一切除位置中,切除元件4c成一定角度地延伸通过开口6,如上所讨论。在这个位置中,切除边缘22延伸越过并且通过切除窗口6。在这个位置中,以与以上关于导管2相同的方式完成切除。具体地,导管2C横跨治疗部位(病变区)被向近侧拉动通过脉管,以从病变区切除斑块。另外,能够使导管2C向远侧前进,与此同时切除刀片26c切除材料,所述材料进入贯通开口25c。进入开口25c的材料被进入开口25c中的其它材料向近侧推动并且然后通过本文讨论的组织运送方法(包括通过抽吸,和/或如果提供的话通过螺旋钻刀片)中的任何一种被向近侧运送。在如图11和12所示的第二切除位置中,切除元件4c定位在切除窗口内,但没有向外倾斜。在这个切除位置中,切除元件4c旋转,并且侧切除刀片26c将从脉管壁切除收入切除窗口中的任何材料。此外,切除窗口6可以设置有切除边缘6c,切除刀片26c作用在所述切除边缘6c上,以更加有效地切除材料。在这个切除位置中,在切除程序期间,导管可以在脉管内保持静止或者可以向近侧或者向远侧运动。尽管没有示出,但是如果导管在具有静止尖端的情况下具有可选的旋转尖端或者修改的切除件驱动接合件,则切除元件4c包括如图5所示的切除件驱动接合件。
图16示出了导管的替代性实施例,所述导管已经构造成用作快速更换导管。示出了导管2D,其中,导管2D的相同或相似的附图标记指代导管2的相同或相似的结构,并且除非另有说明,否则关于导管2的相同或相似特征所进行的所有讨论可以相等地应用于此处。导管2D包括侧装的管状部分55,所述管状部分55形成用于收纳导丝GW的相对较短的导丝腔。侧装的管状部分55的长度根据应用可以是1cm至30cm并且定位成没有与切除窗口6发生干扰。另外,如果导管设置有旋转尖端,则侧装的管状部分55没有附接到旋转尖端7。
在图17A、17B和17C中示出了使用本文描述的导管的方法。导丝(GW)经皮引入到患者体内并且前进到达患者血管V中的关注区域。如图17A所示,如果治疗部位(T)是慢性闭塞病变,则导丝不能够穿过病变区或者闭塞材料(M)。图17A图解了整个闭塞的管腔,在所述管腔中,导丝(GW)已经前进到治疗部位(T)的闭塞材料(M)的近侧。导管2已经沿着导丝前进到闭塞材料(M)紧近侧的位置处。在前进期间,切除元件处于其贮存位置中。为了使导管2能够治疗这个闭塞物,导管2必须首先穿过闭塞物。传统的现有导管必须被迫穿过病变区,或者为了支持另一种形式的治疗而必须放弃这种治疗。利用导管2,通过使驱动电机通电而旋转驱动轴可以安全地通过闭塞材料(M)。在切除元件处于贮存位置的前提下驱动轴的旋转导致研磨尖端7旋转。尖端7上的研磨表面甚至穿透钙化材料,从而使导管能够缓慢地前进通过病变区或者闭塞材料(M),直到切除窗口6毗邻如图17B所示的病变区的远端为止。如先前所描述的那样,可以通过导管主体的管腔抽吸由旋转尖端切除下的材料。在导管2处于图17B所示的位置中时,手柄5的杆13从向前的位置运动到向后的位置,这导致切除元件从贮存位置向近侧运动到切除位置。在切除元件处于这个位置的情况下,向近侧拉动牵拉线30,以致使倾斜的衬套31相对于切除件驱动接合件的斜面14向近侧运动。这导致切除元件4以先前所描述的方式向外倾斜,以使得切除边缘暴露到切除窗口外。当暴露出切除边缘时,导管2被向近侧拉动穿过病变区,以如图17C所示从病变区切除材料。切除下的材料被引导通过切除窗口并且进入到收集室中。能够通过使导管前进穿过治疗部位和从治疗部分收回导管来重复这种切除过程,直到已经移除了足够数量的材料为止。在程序过程中的任何时候,均可以通过导管抽吸碎片或者可以通过导管将流体引入到脉管中。另外,在程序过程的任何时候,均可以移除导丝并且可以通过导丝腔抽吸碎片或者可以通过导丝腔将流体引入到脉管中。
尽管已经关于导管2描述了使用方法,但是使用导管2A、2B、2C和2D的程序是类似的。例如,以相似的方式使用图7和8示出的导管2A。驱动轴的在切除元件紧近侧的变窄直径允许切除件倾斜通过切除窗口而不会致使驱动轴横向运动,这可能会阻塞窗口。此外,在使用期间,能够向近侧收回导管2A的切除元件,以压紧已经切除下的材料并且然后导管2A向远侧运动回到切除位置。利用额外的特征以类似的方式使用图9示出的导管2B,所述额外的特征为螺旋钻刀片向近侧拉动进入到切除窗口的切除下的材料,以减小在切除过程期间切除下的材料阻塞切除窗口的可能性。可以以上述方式使用图10至12示出的导管2C。具体地,在第一切除位置中,导管2C能够沿着向近侧的方向运动穿过治疗部位以利用切除边缘22切除材料,并且能够向远侧前进穿过治疗部位,以利用切除刀片26c切除材料。导管2c能够根据需要多次向远侧并且向近侧运动穿过治疗部位,以移除期望数量的病变材料。另外,可以使用导管2C,其中切除刀片处于如上所述的第二切除位置中。在第二切除位置中,在导管静止或导管2c向远侧或者向近侧运动运动穿过治疗部位的同时,导管2C将切除收入到开口25c中的材料。除了使导管沿着导丝前进抵达治疗部位之外,如以上所描述的那样使用图16中示出的导管2D,所述导丝定位在由侧装的管状部分55所限定的导丝腔中。
以上描述和附图用于描述本发明的实施例而非旨在以任何方式限制本发明的范围。对于本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,在不悖离本发明的精神和范围的前提下能够制造多种修改方案和变形方案。因此,如果本发明的修改方案和变形方案落入随附权利要求及其等效物的范围内,则本发明旨在涵盖所述本发明的修改方案和变形方案。此外,尽管以上关于特定实施例描述了对材料和构造的选择,但是本领域的技术人员将能够理解的是,所描述的材料和构造均可应用在所有实施例中。
Claims (56)
1.一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管,所述导管包括:
管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧;
能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内;
切除元件,所述切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件具有切除边缘,所述切除元件和所述能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在贮存位置和切除位置之间纵向运动,在所述贮存位置中,所述切除元件定位于所述侧开口的远侧,在所述切除位置中,所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内并且与所述侧开口纵向对准;
切除元件暴露构件,所述切除元件暴露构件能够在所述管状体内在远侧位置和近侧位置之间纵向运动,所述切除元件暴露构件构造成使得当所述切除元件处于所述切除位置中时所述切除元件暴露构件从所述远侧位置到所述近侧位置的运动导致了所述切除元件从所述切除位置运动到延伸位置,在所述延伸位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且越过所述管状体的外径;和
材料收集室,所述材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述侧开口近侧的位置处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
能够旋转的尖端,所述能够旋转的尖端连接到所述管状体的远端;和
连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的轴联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的轴分开。
3.根据权利要求2所述的导管,其中,所述连接件组件包括所述切除元件的第一部分,所述第一部分成形为与所述能够旋转的尖端的第二部分机械互锁。
4.根据权利要求2所述的导管,所述导管还包括导丝腔,所述导丝腔延伸通过所述能够旋转的轴、通过所述切除元件并且通过所述旋转尖端,使得所述导管构造成为沿着丝的导管。
5.根据权利要求2所述的导管,其中,所述能够旋转的尖端包括研磨表面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
手柄,所述手柄附接在所述管状体的近侧部分处,所述手柄包括电源、联接到所述能够旋转的轴的电机以及第一控制构件和第二控制构件,所述第一控制构件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第二控制构件联接到所述切除元件暴露构件,所述第一控制构件构造成使所述切除元件在所述贮存位置和所述切除位置之间运动,所述第二控制构件构造成使所述切除元件暴露构件在所述远侧位置和所述近侧位置之间运动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件暴露构件包括具有远端和近端的牵拉线以及弯曲衬套,所述弯曲衬套连接在所述牵拉线的远端处,所述牵拉线的近端连接到所述第二控制构件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件在所述管状体内能够纵向运动到材料压缩位置,所述材料压缩位置位于所述侧开口的近侧,所述切除元件构造成当所述切除元件处于所述材料压缩位置时将材料压缩在所述材料收集室中。
9.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件还包括侧切除刀片,所述侧切除刀片构造成当所述切除元件处于所述切除位置时切除收入到所述侧开口中的材料。
10.根据权利要求9所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件构造成使得当所述切除元件处于所述延伸位置并且所述导管在所述脉管腔内向近侧运动时利用所述切除边缘从所述脉管腔切除材料,并且当所述切除元件处于所述切除位置并且所述导管在所述脉管腔内向远侧或向近侧运动时利用所述侧切除刀片切除材料。
11.根据权利要求1所述的导管,所述导管还包括将从所述脉管腔移除的材料向近侧引导到所述收集室中的引导装置。
12.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件包括向近侧定向的杯状表面,所述杯状表面构造成将从所述脉管腔移除的材料引导到所述收集室中。
13.根据权利要求1所述的导管,所述导管还包括用于当所述切除元件处于所述延伸位置时防止所述能够旋转的轴堵塞所述侧开口的防止装置。
14.一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管,所述导管包括:
管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧;
能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内;
切除元件,所述切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件和能够旋转的轴一起形成能够旋转的组件,所述切除元件具有切除边缘,所述切除元件和能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置和延伸切除位置之间运动,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且越过所述管状体的外径;
材料收集室,所述材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述侧开口近侧的位置处;
能够旋转的尖端,所述能够旋转的尖端连接到所述管状体的远端;和
连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件分开。
15.根据权利要求14所述的导管,其中,所述连接件组件包括所述能够旋转的组件的第一部分和所述能够旋转的尖端的第二部分,所述能够旋转的组件能够在所述管状体内在近侧的分开位置和远侧的联接位置之间运动,所述第一部分和所述第二部分成形为当所述能够旋转的组件处于所述远侧的联接位置时机械互锁。
16.根据权利要求15所述的导管,其中,当所述能够旋转的组件处于所述近侧的分开位置时,所述第一部分没有与所述第二部分机械互锁。
17.根据权利要求14所述的导管,所述导管还包括导丝腔,所述导丝腔延伸通过所述能够旋转的轴、通过所述切除元件并且通过所述旋转尖端,使得所述导管构造成为沿着丝的导管。
18.根据权利要求14所述的导管,其中所述能够旋转的尖端包括研磨表面。
19.根据权利要求14所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
手柄,所述手柄附接在所述管状体的近侧部分处,所述手柄包括电源、联接到所述能够旋转的轴的电机以及第一控制构件,所述第一控制构件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第一控制构件构造成使所述能够旋转的组件在所述分开位置和所述联接位置之间运动。
20.根据权利要求14所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件在所述管状体内能够运动到材料压缩位置,所述材料压缩位置位于所述侧开口的近侧,所述切除元件构造成当所述切除元件处于所述材料压缩位置时将材料压缩在所述材料收集室中。
21.根据权利要求14所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件还包括侧切除刀片,所述侧切除刀片构造成当所述切除元件处于所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置中时切除收入所述侧开口中的材料。
22.根据权利要求21所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件构造成使得当所述切除元件处于所述延伸位置并且所述导管在所述脉管腔内向近侧运动时利用所述切除边缘从所述脉管腔切除材料,并且当所述切除元件处于所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置并且所述导管在所述脉管腔内向远侧或向近侧运动时利用所述侧切除刀片切除材料。
23.根据权利要求14所述的导管,所述导管还包括将从所述脉管腔移除的材料向近侧引导到所述收集室中的引导装置。
24.根据权利要求14所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件包括向近侧定向的杯状表面,所述杯状表面构造成将从所述脉管腔移除的材料引导到所述收集室中。
25.根据权利要求14所述的导管,所述导管还包括用于当所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置时防止所述能够旋转的轴堵塞所述侧开口的防止装置。
26.根据权利要求14所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
切除元件暴露构件,所述切除元件暴露构件能够在所述管状体内在远侧位置和近侧位置之间纵向运动,所述切除元件暴露构件构造成使得当所述切除元件处于所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置时所述切除元件暴露构件从所述远侧位置到所述近侧位置的运动导致了所述切除元件从位于所述管状体的管腔内的位置运动到所述延伸切除位置。
27.根据权利要求14所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
手柄,所述手柄附接在所述管状体的近侧部分处,所述手柄包括电源、联接到所述能够旋转的轴的电机以及第一控制构件和第二控制构件,所述第一控制构件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第二控制构件联接到所述切除元件暴露构件,所述第一控制构件构造成使所述能够旋转的组件在所述分开位置和所述联接位置之间运动,所述第二控制构件构造成使所述切除元件暴露构件在所述远侧位置和所述近侧位置之间运动。
28.一种利用导管在脉管腔内从治疗部位移除材料的方法,所述导管具有:管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧;能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内;和切除元件,所述切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件具有切除边缘,所述管状体的近端连接到控制手柄,所述管状体的远端连接到能够旋转的切除尖端,所述方法包括:
使所述管状体前进通过所述脉管腔,直到所述能够旋转的切除尖端位于所述治疗部位近侧为止;
在使所述管状体向远侧前进穿过所述治疗部位的同时旋转所述能够旋转的尖端,以将所述侧开口定位在位于所述治疗部位内或位于所述治疗部位远侧的位置处;
使所述切除元件从所述管状体内的位置运动到延伸切除位置,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且超过所述管状体的外径;以及
在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体,以使所述切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料。
29.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中,所述导管包括连接件组件,以用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的切除尖端与所述能够旋转的轴联接以及使所述能够旋转的切除尖端与所述能够旋转的轴分开,并且其中,旋转所述能够旋转的切除尖端包括在将所述能够旋转的切除尖端联接到所述能够旋转的轴的同时旋转所述能够旋转的轴。
30.根据权利要求29所述的方法,其中,在使所述能够旋转的切除尖端与所述能够旋转的轴分开的同时实施在所述切除尖端处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下向近侧收回所述管状体的步骤。
31.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中,所述导管包括材料收集室,所述材料收集室位于所述管状体内在所述侧开口的近侧,并且其中,所述方法还包括使所述切除元件在所述管状体内运动到所述侧开口近侧的位置,以将切除下的材料压缩在所述材料收集室内。
32.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中,使所述切除元件运动到延伸切除位置的步骤包括:
使所述切除元件在所述管状体内从位于所述侧开口远侧的贮存位置向近侧运动到切除位置,在所述切除位置中,所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内并且与所述侧开口纵向对准;和
使所述切除元件从所述切除位置径向向外运动到所述延伸切除位置。
33.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中,所述导管包括导丝腔,所述导丝腔延伸通过所述能够旋转的轴、通过所述切除元件并且通过所述能够旋转的切除尖端,并且其中使所述管状体前进通过所述脉管腔的步骤包括使所述管状体沿着插入在所述导丝腔内的导丝前进。
34.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中,所述导管的手柄包括第一控制构件和第二控制构件,并且其中使所述切除元件运动到延伸切除位置的步骤包括:
操作所述第一控制构件,以使所述切除元件在所述管状体内从位于所述侧开口远侧的贮存位置向近侧运动到切除位置,在所述切除位置中,所述切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内并且与所述侧开口纵向对准;
操作所述第二控制构件,以使所述切除元件从所述切除位置径向向外运动到所述延伸切除位置。
35.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中,所述切除元件具有第二切除边缘,所述方法还包括:
在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔,从而使所述第二切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料。
36.根据权利要求35所述的方法,其中,在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体的步骤之后实施在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔的步骤。
37.根据权利要求28所述的方法,所述方法还包括绕所述管状体的纵向轴线旋转所述管状体,以重新定向所述切除元件在所述治疗部位内的位置。
38.一种利用导管在脉管腔内从治疗部位移除材料的方法,所述导管具有:管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述壁具有侧开口,所述侧开口定位在所述管状体的远端的近侧;能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内;和切除元件,所述切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述切除元件具有第一切除边缘和第二切除边缘,所述管状体的近端连接到控制手柄,所述方法包括:
使所述管状体前进通过所述脉管腔,直到所述侧开口位于所述治疗部位的近侧为止;
使所述切除元件从所述管状体内的位置运动到延伸切除位置,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述第一和所述第二切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述侧开口并且超过所述管状体的外径;以及
在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置中的情况下使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔,以使所述第一切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料;和
在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体,以使所述第二切除边缘运动穿过所述治疗部位以从所述治疗部位切除材料。
39.根据权利要求38所述的方法,其中,在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下在使所述管状体向远侧前进通过所述脉管腔的步骤之后实施在所述切除元件处于所述延伸切除位置的情况下通过所述脉管腔向近侧收回所述管状体的步骤。
40.根据权利要求38所述的方法,所述方法还包括围绕所述管状体的纵向轴线旋转所述管状体,以重新定向所述切除元件在所述治疗部位内的位置。
41.一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管,所述导管包括:
管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述管状体具有位于所述远端处的第一开口和位于所述远端的近侧且通过所述壁的第二开口;
第一切除元件,所述第一切除元件定位在所述管状体的远端处并且构造成当所述导管向远侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第一开口从所述脉管切除材料;
第二切除元件,所述第二切除元件定位在所述第一切除元件的近侧并且构造成当所述导管向近侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第二开口从所述脉管移除材料。
42.根据权利要求41所述的导管,所述导管包括:
能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内,所述第二切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴一起形成能够旋转的组件。
43.根据权利要求42所述的导管,其中,所述第二切除元件包括切除边缘,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置和延伸切除位置之间运动,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述第二开口并且越过所述管状体的外径。
44.根据权利要求42所述的导管,其中,所述第一切除元件包括具有研磨作用的能够旋转的尖端。
45.根据权利要求44所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件分开。
46.根据权利要求43所述的导管,其中,所述第二切除元件还包括侧切除刀片,所述侧切除刀片构造成当所述第二切除元件处于所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置中时切除收入到所述第二开口中的材料。
47.根据权利要求41所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
材料收集室,所述材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述第二开口近侧的位置处。
48.一种用于从脉管腔移除材料的导管,所述导管包括:
管状体,所述管状体具有近端和远端以及限定了管腔的壁,所述管状体具有位于所述远端处的第一开口和位于所述远端的近侧且通过所述壁的第二开口;
第一切除元件,所述第一切除元件定位在所述管状体的远端处并且构造成当所述导管向远侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第一开口从所述脉管切除材料;
第二切除元件,所述第二切除元件定位在所述第一切除元件的近侧并且构造成当所述导管向近侧运动通过所述脉管时通过所述第二开口从所述脉管移除材料;和第三切除元件,所述第三切除元件构造成当所述导管静止在所述脉管内时通过所述第二开口从所述脉管腔移除材料。
49.根据权利要求48所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
能够旋转的轴,所述能够旋转的轴布置在所述管状体的管腔内,所述第二切除元件联接到所述能够旋转的轴,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴一起形成能够旋转的组件。
50.根据权利要求49所述的导管,其中,所述第二切除元件包括切除边缘,所述第二切除元件和能够旋转的轴能够在所述管状体内在所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置和延伸切除位置之间运动,在所述延伸切除位置中,所述切除边缘的一部分延伸通过所述第二开口并且越过所述管状体的外径。
51.根据权利要求49所述的导管,所述第一切除元件包括具有研磨作用的能够旋转的尖端。
52.根据权利要求51所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
连接件组件,所述连接件组件用于选择性地使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件联接以及使所述能够旋转的尖端与所述能够旋转的组件分开。
53.根据权利要求50所述的导管,其中,所述第三切除元件包括侧切除刀片,所述侧切除刀片附接到所述第二切除元件并且构造成当所述第二切除元件位于所述第二切除元件包含在所述管状体的管腔内的位置时切除收入到所述第二开口中的材料。
54.根据权利要求48所述的导管,所述导管还包括:
材料收集室,所述材料收集室定位在所述管状体内位于所述第二开口近侧的位置处。
55.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件暴露构件能够选择性地运动,以控制所述切除边缘延伸通过所述侧开口的量。
56.根据权利要求26所述的导管,其中,所述切除元件暴露构件能够选择性地运动,以控制所述切除边缘延伸通过所述侧开口的量。
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EP2579791B1 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2014-04-23 | Covidien LP | Material removal device |
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2011
- 2011-06-14 EP EP20110726313 patent/EP2579791B1/en active Active
- 2011-06-14 KR KR1020127032564A patent/KR101493138B1/ko active Active
- 2011-06-14 JP JP2013515433A patent/JP5690928B2/ja active Active
- 2011-06-14 CA CA2800920A patent/CA2800920C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-06-14 RU RU2012150415/14A patent/RU2538174C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-06-14 CN CN201180029247.0A patent/CN102946815B/zh active Active
- 2011-06-14 AU AU2011267862A patent/AU2011267862B2/en active Active
- 2011-06-14 EP EP14156617.4A patent/EP2742881B1/en active Active
- 2011-06-14 WO PCT/US2011/040348 patent/WO2011159697A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-06-14 US US13/160,044 patent/US9119662B2/en active Active
- 2011-06-14 ES ES11726313.7T patent/ES2482608T3/es active Active
- 2011-06-14 BR BR112012031907-8A patent/BR112012031907A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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2015
- 2015-07-27 US US14/809,358 patent/US9855072B2/en active Active
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CN107708587A (zh) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-02-16 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 同轴对转的切割组件 |
CN107708587B (zh) * | 2015-06-30 | 2020-11-24 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 同轴对转的切割组件 |
CN107847244B (zh) * | 2015-07-20 | 2020-10-23 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 包括可动远侧末端的组织移除导管 |
CN107847244A (zh) * | 2015-07-20 | 2018-03-27 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 包括可动远侧末端的组织移除导管 |
US11051842B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2021-07-06 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Tissue-removing catheter with guidewire isolation liner |
CN113576558B (zh) * | 2017-05-03 | 2022-11-22 | 美敦力瓦斯科尔勒公司 | 具有导丝隔离衬套的组织移除导管 |
US12114887B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2024-10-15 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Tissue-removing catheter with guidewire isolation liner |
US10869689B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2020-12-22 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Tissue-removing catheter |
US10925632B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2021-02-23 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Tissue-removing catheter |
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US11986207B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2024-05-21 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Tissue-removing catheter with guidewire isolation liner |
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CN113576558A (zh) * | 2017-05-03 | 2021-11-02 | 美敦力瓦斯科尔勒公司 | 具有导丝隔离衬套的组织移除导管 |
CN113143413B (zh) * | 2017-05-03 | 2022-06-21 | 美敦力瓦斯科尔勒公司 | 具有导丝隔离衬套的组织移除导管 |
US11690645B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2023-07-04 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Tissue-removing catheter |
CN111712204B (zh) * | 2018-03-29 | 2023-12-22 | 泰尔茂株式会社 | 医疗设备 |
CN111712204A (zh) * | 2018-03-29 | 2020-09-25 | 泰尔茂株式会社 | 医疗设备 |
CN109044494A (zh) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 普霖医疗科技(广州)有限公司 | 一种带旋切尖端的血管内支持导管 |
CN109044494B (zh) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-05-28 | 普霖医疗科技(广州)有限公司 | 一种带旋切尖端的血管内支持导管 |
US11406419B2 (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2022-08-09 | Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | System, device, and method for interrupted dual action (sanding and cutting) forces with continual maceration and aspiration |
CN112969421A (zh) * | 2018-10-29 | 2021-06-15 | 心血管系统股份有限公司 | 具有连续浸渍和抽吸的间断双重作用(打磨和切削)力的系统、设备和方法 |
US12171458B2 (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2024-12-24 | Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | System, device, and method for interrupted dual action (sanding and cutting) forces with continual maceration and aspiration |
US11819236B2 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2023-11-21 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Tissue-removing catheter |
CN111920475A (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-13 | 朱瑛 | 一种血管闭塞性病变的腔内开通装置 |
CN111920475B (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2025-03-11 | 朱瑛 | 一种血管闭塞性病变的腔内开通装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5690928B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
EP2742881B1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
JP2013532027A (ja) | 2013-08-15 |
CA2800920A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
KR101493138B1 (ko) | 2015-02-12 |
BR112012031907A2 (pt) | 2020-08-04 |
CN102946815B (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
KR20130018437A (ko) | 2013-02-22 |
EP2579791A1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
US20110306995A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
US9855072B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
WO2011159697A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
US9119662B2 (en) | 2015-09-01 |
AU2011267862B2 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
CA2800920C (en) | 2015-04-14 |
EP2742881A1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2579791B1 (en) | 2014-04-23 |
RU2012150415A (ru) | 2014-07-20 |
US20150327884A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
ES2482608T3 (es) | 2014-08-04 |
RU2538174C2 (ru) | 2015-01-10 |
AU2011267862A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
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