WO2006011298A1 - 位相差板、及び新規ポリマー、及び光学フィルム、及び画像表示装置 - Google Patents
位相差板、及び新規ポリマー、及び光学フィルム、及び画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006011298A1 WO2006011298A1 PCT/JP2005/010260 JP2005010260W WO2006011298A1 WO 2006011298 A1 WO2006011298 A1 WO 2006011298A1 JP 2005010260 W JP2005010260 W JP 2005010260W WO 2006011298 A1 WO2006011298 A1 WO 2006011298A1
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- general formula
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- carbon atoms
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000005309 thioalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003934 aromatic aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 6
- XJDFBLQCLSBCGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical group C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C=O)=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 XJDFBLQCLSBCGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005427 anthranyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- -1 nitro, amino, hydroxyl Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 11
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HIKRJHFHGKZKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C=O)C(C)=C1 HIKRJHFHGKZKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000008365 aromatic ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- KVFDZFBHBWTVID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCCCC1 KVFDZFBHBWTVID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YMNKUHIVVMFOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene-9-carbaldehyde Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=CC2=C1 YMNKUHIVVMFOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BTFQKIATRPGRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-tolualdehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=O BTFQKIATRPGRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HSDSKVWQTONQBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C HSDSKVWQTONQBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=CC=CC2=C1 SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXWWHNCQZBVZPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2'-methylacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C YXWWHNCQZBVZPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMFJNFCEVFECME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triethylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound CCC1=CC(CC)=C(C=O)C(CC)=C1 KMFJNFCEVFECME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOJQBWSZHCKOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C=O QOJQBWSZHCKOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)C)=CC=C21 XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001431 2-methylbenzaldehyde Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJKVFARRVXDXAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C=O)=CC=C21 PJKVFARRVXDXAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- YLRJKFZBCDDWHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzonitrile Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=C(O)C=CC=C1C#N YLRJKFZBCDDWHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150041968 CDC13 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HNUALPPJLMYHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]C Chemical compound C[CH]C HNUALPPJLMYHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000066 S-methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S* 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005337 azoxy group Chemical group [N+]([O-])(=N*)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCCC1 VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N dibutyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003506 n-propoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001608 tolans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/38—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an acetal or ketal radical
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/48—Isomerisation; Cyclisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F216/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F216/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
Definitions
- Retardation plate new polymer, optical film, and image display device
- the present invention relates to a phase difference plate, a novel polymer, an optical film using the phase difference plate, and an image display device.
- a retardation plate is an optical member used to obtain polarized light such as linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light.
- a phase difference plate a ⁇ ⁇ 4 plate whose phase difference corresponds to 1Z4 with a wavelength difference and a ⁇ ⁇ 2 plate whose phase difference corresponds to 1Z2 with a wavelength difference are known.
- the ⁇ 4 plate has an optical function of converting linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light
- the ⁇ 2 plate has an optical function of converting the polarization vibration plane of the linearly polarized light by 90 degrees.
- these retardation plates function as ⁇ 4 plates or ⁇ 2 plates for light of a specific wavelength, but do not function as ⁇ 4 plates or ⁇ 2 plates for light of different wavelengths.
- a retardation plate designed to function as a ⁇ 4 plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm does not function as a ⁇ 4 plate for light with a wavelength of 450 nm or 650 nm.
- the retardation plate exhibits wavelength dispersion in which the retardation depends on the wavelength.
- the chromatic dispersion in a polymer film is larger on the shorter wavelength side and smaller on the longer wavelength side.
- a phase difference plate has been proposed in which the slow axes are perpendicular to each other and the chromatic dispersion ⁇ is smaller than 1.
- the optical phase difference at all wavelengths in the visible light region is uniform regardless of the light wavelength, and it is said that there is an effect that white light can be easily obtained.
- the retardation plate described in the above publication is composed of a laminate in which two or more birefringent media are laminated, a lamination adhesion step is required.
- a lamination adhesion step is required.
- a retardation plate made of a laminate is suitable for applications such as a liquid crystal display device that is relatively thick and is desired to be thinner, but it cannot be said.
- the present invention can be made relatively thin and has a phase difference of, for example, approximately ⁇ ⁇ 2 or approximately ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 4 with respect to light rays having a wavelength ⁇ in the entire visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm. It is an object of the present invention to provide a retardation plate exhibiting a wavelength dispersion of the above, a novel polymer suitable as a material for the retardation plate, an optical film, and an image display device.
- the present invention comprises a single-layer film in which a chain polymer exhibiting birefringence is oriented, and this polymer has a group represented by the following general formula (I) as a side chain (a) ( 1) Provide.
- R 2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group. However, at least one of R 1 and R 2 is an aromatic group, and the aromatic group of R 1 and / or is in a direction in which the planar structure is substantially orthogonal to the virtual line connecting the two oxygen atoms. Is placed on).
- the powerful retardation plate is composed of a single layer film, it can be made thinner than the conventional one. Furthermore, this retardation plate has a phase difference of, for example, about ⁇ 2 or about ⁇ 4 for light of almost all wavelengths ⁇ in the visible light region of 400 to 700 nm, and the shape of polarization at each wavelength is almost the same. It will be the same. Therefore, when white light is incident on this phase difference plate, this is colored. Colorless polarized light that is not converted into polarized light can be obtained.
- the present invention also has a single layer film force in which a chain polymer exhibiting birefringence is oriented, and the polymer is represented by the following general formula (II) or general formula (III) as a side chain (a).
- a retardation film (2) having at least one of the groups is provided.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 4 and R 8 each represent Independently, a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Alternatively, it represents a branched thioalkoxyl group, halogen, nitro group, amino group, hydroxyl group or thiol group (provided that R 4 and R 8 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time).
- R 6 and R 7 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent).
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- A has a substituent.
- the polymer has a structure in which a side chain (a) is bonded to a constituent atom of the main chain as one constituent unit.
- the phase difference plate (3) according to the above (1) or (2) having a portion in which the structural units are arranged adjacent to each other.
- the in-plane phase difference force at least at a wavelength of 450 to 650 nm is smaller on the shorter wavelength side and larger on the longer wavelength side.
- the retardation plate (4) of the above (1) to (3) is provided.
- the polymer has a group represented by the following general formula (IV) as the side chain (c): (6) I will provide a.
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and the carbon atom of this alkyl group is not adjacent but substituted by an oxygen atom. A little).
- the side chain (a) contains 1 to 50 mol% of the total amount of the side chain, the side chain (b) is included 5 to 95 mol%, and the side chain (c) is included 1 to 90 mol%.
- the retardation plate (8) of (7) above is provided.
- the present invention also has a single-layer film force in which a chain polymer exhibiting birefringence is oriented, and the polymer is represented by the following general formula (V) or general formula (VI) as the repeating unit (A).
- a retardation film (9) having at least one of the following structures is provided.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 4 and R 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Branched alkyl group, straight-chain or branched alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, straight-chain or branched thioalkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, nitro group, amino group Represents a hydroxyl group or a thiol group (wherein R 4 and R 8 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time, R 5 , R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent).
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- A represents a naphthyl group which may have a substituent or an anthranyl which may have a substituent.
- a phenanthryl group which may have a substituent, wherein one or more carbon atoms constituting a naphthyl group, an anthral group, or a phenanthrenyl group are replaced with a nitrogen atom. May be).
- the arrangement of repeating units (A) and (B) may be block, random, or misaligned.
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom of the alkyl group is not adjacent to the oxygen atom.
- the sequence of the repeating units (A) to (C) may be either a block shape or a random shape).
- the present invention also provides a retardation film (13) having a single-layer film force in which a chain polymer exhibiting birefringence is oriented, wherein the polymer has a structure represented by the following general formula (IX).
- the present invention also provides a retardation film (14) having a single-layer film force in which a chain polymer exhibiting birefringence is oriented, and the polymer has a structure represented by the following general formula (X). [Chemical 10]
- the present invention provides a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (V).
- IT represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 4 and R ° are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent).
- the present invention provides a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (VIII) in addition to the repeating unit represented by the above general formula (V).
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom of the alkyl group is not adjacent to the oxygen atom. (The arrangement of repeating units may be either block or random).
- the present invention provides the above polymer, wherein R 4 and R 8 in the general formula (V) are a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a chlorine atom.
- the present invention provides the above polymer in which R 3 , R 5 and R 7 in the general formula (V) are all hydrogen atoms, and R 4 and R 8 are all methyl groups.
- the present invention provides polymers represented by the following general formulas (IX) to (XII).
- the present invention also provides an optical film (15) in which the retardation plates of the above (1) to (14) are laminated.
- the present invention also provides an image display device having the retardation plate of the above (1) to (14) or the optical film of the above (15).
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of polarized IR measurement.
- the inventors of the present invention provide a chain polymer having a side chain (a) in which an aromatic group is introduced into OCO. It was found that the in-plane retardation in the visible light region of at least a wavelength of 450 to 650 nm becomes smaller toward the shorter wavelength side.
- the present invention provides a retardation plate that exhibits a predetermined retardation in the entire visible light region having a small thickness and a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm, and a covering retardation plate.
- the present invention provides a novel polymer suitable for forming the polymer.
- the present invention will be specifically described.
- the property of the retardation plate of the present invention in which the in-plane retardation in the visible light region becomes smaller as the wavelength becomes shorter is sometimes referred to as “reverse wavelength dispersion characteristic”.
- the present invention is a retardation plate comprising a single-layer film formed by orienting a chain polymer exhibiting birefringence, and this polymer is represented by the following general formula (I) as a side chain (a). It has a group.
- R ⁇ R 2 is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group.
- R 1 and R 2 is an aromatic group, and the aromatic group of R 1, Z and, is a phantom line in which the planar structure connects the two oxygen atoms. It is arranged in a direction that is substantially orthogonal).
- the chain polymer in the present invention includes a polymer having a main chain of a straight chain and a part of which has a short branched chain.
- the orientation of the chain polymer is generally caused by stretching of the film. Therefore, the orientation direction of the polymer can be said to be the same as the stretching direction in the case of uniaxial stretching, and the same direction as the main stretching direction in the case of biaxial stretching.
- each oxygen atom is an atom constituting the main chain and is not the same as each other. It means that it is bound to.
- An aromatic group has ⁇ electrons connected in a planar ring shape. , Benzene ring, a compound in which two or more benzene rings are condensed, or a heteroaromatic compound containing an atom other than a carbon atom. If the plane structure of the aromatic group is arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the imaginary line connecting two oxygen atoms, the line connecting the two oxygen atoms is assumed to be a line parallel to the imaginary line. Means that the aromatic group is arranged so that it intersects at substantially right angles to the planar structure of the aromatic group, and the imaginary line connecting the oxygen atoms intersects with the planar structure of the aromatic group, Then, in a sense,
- the planar structure of the aromatic group is the orientation direction of the main chain. (However, in practice, the planar structure of the aromatic group of the side chain (a) is not exactly 90 degrees with respect to the orientation direction of the main chain.) It is considered to be about ⁇ 105 degrees). Due to the presence of the side chain (a) having a strong arrangement, the retardation plate of the present invention has a wavelength dispersion opposite to that of a retardation plate having a normal polymer force, that is, the in-plane retardation is in the visible light region. Therefore, it is considered to be smaller in the short wavelength side and larger in the long wavelength side, indicating a property.
- alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms of R 2 include methyl group, ethyl group, n propyl group, isopropyl group, n butyl group, isobutyl group, sec butyl group, t butyl group, and n-pentyl group. , Isopentyl group, n-hexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group and the like.
- the side chain (a) in which only one of R 1 and R 2 is an aromatic group includes, for example, the following general formula (II) or Examples are those of general formula (III).
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 4 and R 8 each represent Independently, a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Or a branched thioalkoxyl group, halogen, nitro group, amino group, hydroxyl group or thiol group (where R 4 and R 8 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time)
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently Represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- A has a substituent.
- One or more carbon atoms of the carbon atoms constituting the -l group may be substituted with nitrogen atoms
- the side chain (a) of the structure represented by the general formula (II) either one of the benzene ring ortho-position R 4 , which is not a hydrogen atom at the same time, is substituted with a substituent such as an alkyl group. Yes.
- a substituent such as an alkyl group.
- the side chain (a) represented by the general formula (II) is considered to be arranged in a direction in which the planar structure of the benzene ring is substantially perpendicular to the imaginary line connecting two oxygen atoms.
- the side chain (a) represented by the general formula (III) has an aromatic group in which two or more benzene rings are condensed.
- the condensed condensed aromatic group is sterically bulky due to the benzene ring present in a condensed form on the benzene ring bonded to —OCO—, and is between the condensed aromatic group and the oxygen atom.
- the steric hindrance will increase.
- the planar structure of the aromatic group is arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to a virtual line connecting two oxygen atoms.
- alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of R 4 and R 8 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec butyl group, t A butyl group is exemplified, and examples of the alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propoxy group, an isopropoxy group, an n-butoxy group, and an isobutoxy group.
- substituent for R 5 , R 6 and R 7 include those exemplified as the substituent for A in the following general formula (III).
- R 3 in the general formula (II) are preferably hydrogen atoms (sterically small).
- R 3 in the general formula (II) is a hydrogen atom
- R 4 and R 8 are both linear chains having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 4 and R 8 are not hydrogen atoms
- a side chain in which R 3 in the general formula (II) is a hydrogen atom, and R 4 and R 8 are both linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxyl groups, or halogens ( a) is preferred.
- each of R 3, R 5 and R 7 represented by the general formula (II) is a hydrogen atom because of the ease of introduction of the acetal structure and the stability of the acetal structure.
- the side chain (a) which is each a force methyl group of R 4 , R 6 and R 8 is particularly preferred.
- the substituent is not particularly limited.
- the planar structure of the benzene ring is easily arranged in a substantially orthogonal direction due to steric hindrance with the oxygen atom.
- a force It is preferably a 9-anthral group which may have a substituent. Note that “having a substituent” means “unsubstituted” or “having a substituent”.
- the side chain (a) in which both R 1 and R 2 are aromatic groups includes, for example, the following general formula Are exemplified.
- R 1U to R 19 are hydrogen atoms, or linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (provided that R 1C) and R 14 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time. 15 and R 19 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time). Also, the two benzene rings may be partially bonded with a single bond).
- the amount of the side chain (a) introduced into the main chain is preferably 5 mol%, more preferably 1 mol% or more of the total amount of sidechains, in order to ensure that the retardation plate exhibits reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics.
- the above is more preferable.
- the amount introduced is preferably 50 mol% or less of the total amount of side chains, and more preferably 30 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of use as a retardation plate having positive birefringence anisotropy. More preferred ,.
- the chain polymer used as the phase difference plate of the present invention has a side chain (a) 1S and may have a side chain other than the side chain (a) introduced therein.
- Side chains other than this side chain (a) are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a thiol group, an alkoxyl group, a halogen, a cyano group, a nitro group, an ester group, a ketone group, an aldehyde group, an amide group, Examples thereof include a urethane group, a urea group, a carbonate group, and a group represented by the following general formula (IV).
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and the carbon atom of the alkyl group is substituted by an adjacent oxygen atom, Good).
- the chain polymer used as the retardation plate of the present invention has improved reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics and improved solubility in a solvent during film formation.
- the side chain (b) other than) those having a hydroxyl group are preferred.
- the polymer may have a group represented by the above general formula (IV) as a side chain (c) other than the side chain (a) because transparency is improved and a glass transition temperature can be lowered. I like it.
- R 9 is a hydrogen atom, or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (the carbon atoms of the alkyl group are not adjacent to each other, It is preferred that at least one of which the force (which may be substituted by an oxygen atom) is also selected is introduced as the side chain (c).
- a group represented by the following formula (XV) is more preferable.
- the amount of side chain (b) and Z or side chain (c) introduced into the main chain depends on the characteristics of the target retardation plate. In view of the nature, it may be appropriately adjusted within the range of the remaining amount of the side chain (a). However, in order to obtain more suitable reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics and improve solubility, the side chain (b), which is a hydroxyl group, is preferably 5 mol% or more based on the total amount of side chains, and an additional 20 mol. % Or more is more preferable. On the other hand, the upper limit of the side chain (b) is appropriately adjusted according to the amount of the side chain (a) and the side chain (c), and is preferably about 95 mol% or less, more preferably about 80 mol% or less.
- the amount of the side chain (c) introduced is preferably 1 mol% or more with respect to the total amount of the side chain (c) in order to effectively improve the transparency. Mole% or more is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the side chain (c) is preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 50 mol% or less.
- the chain polymer used in the retardation plate of the present invention has the side chain (a) as described above and, if necessary, other side chains (b) and Z or side chains (c). It is.
- the main chain of this polymer is not particularly limited, and various main chain structures exhibiting birefringence can be used as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the main chain may have a branched chain, which is a long chain portion in which main chain constituent atoms having a certain structure are bonded as a repeating unit.
- Examples of the main chain include a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (XVI).
- side chain (a) and, if necessary, side chains (b) and (c) can be easily introduced and are stable, and therefore, E 1 in general formula (XVI) and Polymers in which both E 2 are single bonds are preferred.
- E 1 in general formula (XVI) and Polymers in which both E 2 are single bonds are preferred.
- a polymer in which G in the general formula (XVI) is at least alkylene is preferable.
- LV and the polymer are preferably represented by the following general formula (V) or general formula (VI) as the repeating unit (A). It has at least one of the structures.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 4 and R 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Branched alkyl group, straight-chain or branched alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, straight-chain or branched thioalkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, nitro group, amino group Represents a hydroxyl group or a thiol group (wherein R 4 and R 8 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time, R 5 , R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent).
- IT represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- A represents a naphthyl group which may have a substituent, and an anthranyl which may have a substituent.
- a phenanthryl group which may have a substituent such as a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, Is one or more of the carbon atoms constituting the phenanthrenyl group may be replaced by a nitrogen atom).
- the polymer having the repeating unit (A) of the general formula (V) two oxygen atoms are arranged along the orientation direction of the constituent atoms (carbon atoms) of the main chain to be bonded. Furthermore, since the steric hindrance between the substituents at the ortho position R 4 or Z and in the benzene ring and the oxygen atom increases, the above substituent at the ortho position is conformed between the two oxygen atoms. As a result, the planar structure of the benzene ring is considered to be arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the imaginary line connecting the two oxygen atoms. Similarly, in the polymer having the repeating unit (A) of the general formula (VI), the planar structure of the condensed aromatic ring is considered to be arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the imaginary line connecting two oxygen atoms.
- the general formulas (V) and (VI) are repeating units having side chains represented by the general formulas (II) and (III). Accordingly, the preferred examples of R 3 to R 8 and A in formulas (V) and (VI), and specific examples of substituents are the same as those in formulas (II) and (III) above.
- R 3 is preferably a hydrogen atom.
- R 4 and R 8 in the general formula (V) are both substituted with the above substituents (not hydrogen atoms). Note that in the general formula (V), neither R 4 nor R 8 is a hydrogen atom, which is a repeating unit represented by the general formula (V) according to claim 15.
- R 4 and R 8 are preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen such as a chlorine atom. More specifically, a polymer having a repeating unit (A) in which R 3 , R 5 and R 7 in the general formula (V) are each a hydrogen atom and each of R 4 and R 8 is a S-methyl group. (Note that R 6 may be either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group).
- repeating unit (C) represented by the following general formula (VIII) is included. Polymers are preferred.
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom of the alkyl group is not adjacent to the oxygen atom. May be substituted).
- the arrangement of the repeating units (A) and (B) or the repeating units (A) to (C) may be in a block form or a random form.
- the polymer may have a repeating unit other than the repeating unit (A) and, if necessary, the repeating units (B) and (C).
- the chain polymer used as the retardation plate of the present invention has the side chain (a) bonded to the main chain, and has side chains (b) and side chains (c) as necessary. It is chosen from the inside.
- the polymer has a repeating unit (A) and, if necessary, has a repeating unit (B) and a repeating unit (C).
- the chain polymer used in the retardation plate of the present invention includes the various modes in which the above intermediate force is also selected. Among these, the most preferable ones are the following general formula (IX) and the following general formula. It has a structure having at least one of (X), the following general formula (XI) or the following general formula (XII).
- the retardation plate of the present invention as described above is made of a single-layer film cover, the thickness can be reduced as compared with a conventional laminated retardation plate. Furthermore, the retardation plate of the present invention can be used as an in-plane retardation of approximately ⁇ 2 or ⁇ 4 for light of almost all wavelengths ⁇ in the visible light region of 400 to 700 nm. Therefore, the phase difference plate of the present invention has substantially the same polarization shape at each wavelength, and is not converted into colored polarization when white light is incident, for example, and colorless polarization can be obtained. The phase difference plate of the present invention is excellent in transparency. The polymer used for the retardation plate of the present invention has good solubility during film formation, and the glass transition temperature is also in a suitable range. In addition, the retardation plate of the present invention has various effects when it has high heat resistance and can be stretched.
- the production method of the polymer used for the retardation plate of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be produced by various production methods.
- the polymer having the side chain (a) introduced into the main chain can be obtained relatively easily, a specific aromatic aldehyde or aromatic ketone is added to the starting polymer having a hydroxyl group in the main chain. It is preferred to produce a polymer by reaction.
- the polymer is preferably produced using polybulual alcohol from the viewpoint that the side chain (a) can be stably introduced, the polymer has relatively small wavelength dispersion, and is versatile.
- the polymer uses poly (bull alcohol) as a raw material polymer and reacts a specific aromatic aldehyde or aromatic ketone with the hydroxyl group of poly (vinyl alcohol) to form acetal (introduction of RCH (OR) (OR) structure) or ketal. (RRC (OR) (OR) structure It is preferable to manufacture with the introduction of manufacturing).
- benzaldehyde or acetophenone having at least a substituent at one of the ortho positions include 2, 4, 6 trimethylbenzaldehyde (mesitaldehyde), 2, 4, 6 triethylbenzaldehyde, 2, 6 dimethylbenzaldehyde. , 2-methylbenzaldehyde, 2-methylacetophenone, 2,4-dimethylacetophenone, and the like.
- a condensed aromatic aldehyde or a condensed aromatic ketone may be reacted with polyvinyl alcohol.
- this condensed aromatic aldehyde or ketone include 1-naphthaldehyde having a substituent, 2-naphthaldehyde having a substituent, 9-anthraaldehyde, 9-anthraldehyde having a substituent, and acetonaphthone.
- the repeating unit (A) is obtained by acetalizing a 1-12 maldehyde, an alicyclic aldehyde, etc. together with an aromatic aldehyde or an aromatic ketone simultaneously and z or sequentially.
- a polymer having the repeating unit (C) can be obtained.
- the amount of aromatic aldehyde or aromatic ketone to be reacted with polyvinyl alcohol and the above saturated aliphatic aldehyde, formaldehyde or alicyclic aldehyde is adjusted. As a result, an unsubstituted hydroxyl group remains in the same manner, so that a polymer having repeating units (A) to (C) can be obtained.
- the degree of polymerization of the polymer obtained by force is not particularly limited as long as it can be suitably used as, for example, a retardation plate.
- the degree of polymerization of the positive mer is preferably about 100 to 20000, and preferably ⁇ 500 to 10,000.
- the degree of polymerization of the polymer can be adjusted by appropriately changing the type and amount of the main chain and the side chain (a).
- the glass transition temperature of the polymer is a force that varies depending on the type of main chain and the type and amount of side chains (a) to (c), for example, about 80 to 180 ° C, and has sufficient heat resistance as a retardation plate. Yes.
- the polymers of the present invention exhibit moderate glass transition temperatures, unlike conventional polymers that exhibit high glass transition temperatures, for example, exceeding about 200 ° C.
- film is meant to include what is generally called a “sheet”.
- the retardation plate of the present invention is a single-layer film formed by forming the above polymer, and the film forming method is not particularly limited.
- a casting method, a melt extrusion method, a calendar method, etc. Can be formed into a film.
- it is preferable to form by a casting method because a film having excellent thickness accuracy and an optically homogeneous film can be obtained.
- a solvent is usually used to dissolve the polymer.
- the polymer of the present invention having a hydroxyl group as the side chain (b) has good solubility in a powerful solvent that cannot be used when casting a conventional retardation plate having a polymer film strength. May be indicated.
- Examples of the solvent for the polymer of the present invention include tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, Examples include ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, toluene and the like.
- it may be heated as necessary.
- the retardation film of the present invention can be obtained by stretching the obtained film.
- the stretching method is not particularly limited.
- a normal uniaxial stretching method such as a tenter stretching method, an inter-roll stretching method, an inter-roll compression stretching method, a simultaneous biaxial stretching treatment method using an all tenter method, or a sequential method using a roll tenter method.
- a normal biaxial stretching method such as a secondary stretching method can be employed.
- the film can also be Z-stretched in biaxial stretching depending on the type (characteristic) of the polymer.
- Z stretching which is difficult, for example, when the film is stretched by heating, the film is contracted in the direction (Y axis direction) perpendicular to or intersecting the stretching direction (X axis direction) in the thickness direction (Z axis direction). It can be performed by a normal Z stretching method such as a method of generating stretching stress.
- phthalic acid esters such as dimethyl phthalate, jetyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate, trimethyl phosphate ester, triethyl phosphate ester, and triphenyl ester.
- One or more plasticizers such as fatty acid esters such as phosphate esters, jetyl adipate, and dibutyl fumarate may be added.
- the amount of the plasticizer to be added is preferably about 1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer in consideration of the effect of improving stretchability and the influence on the wavelength dispersibility of the obtained retardation plate.
- additives such as an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorber may be appropriately added depending on the purpose.
- Stretching conditions such as temperature and magnification when the film is stretched are introduced depending on the type of the main chain constituting the polymer, the side chain (a), and the side chain (b) and ( Since it varies depending on the type and amount of c), it is preferable that the force to be set appropriately, for example, the stretching temperature is about 50 to 200 ° C. and the stretching ratio is about 1.1 to 4.0 times.
- the retardation plate of the present invention obtained by force is excellent in transparency, and has a visible light transmittance of about 88 to 93% and a haze of about 0.1 to 3% in the measurement based on JIS K 7105 is there.
- the thickness is usually about 20 to 200 ⁇ m, and further about 40 to about LOO ⁇ m, which is sufficiently small.
- the retardation plate of the present invention also has a single-layer film force of a chain polymer having a side chain (a) and exhibits reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics.
- the phase difference plate itself has a single phase difference of, for example, about ⁇ ⁇ 2 or about ⁇ ⁇ 4 for light of almost all wavelengths ⁇ in the entire visible light region. Since it exhibits wavelength dispersion, it can be converted into colorless polarized light.
- the phase difference plate of the present invention has reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics.
- the wavelength dispersion of the phase difference plate of the present invention indicates the type of the main chain constituting the polymer material and the side chain ( Re (450) / Re (5 50) ⁇ 0.97, Re (650) / Re (550), although it depends on the type and amount of the side chain (b) that is introduced as needed and a) ) ⁇ 1. 01 Relationship is satisfied.
- Re (450), Re (550), and Re (650) represent in-plane phase differences measured at wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650, respectively.
- the retardation plate of the present invention is a film cover obtained by, for example, a uniaxial stretching method
- nx is the refractive index in the stretching direction (X-axis direction (direction where the in-plane refractive index is maximum)
- ny is the refractive index perpendicular to the stretching direction (Y-axis direction)
- nz is the thickness direction (Z-axis) Direction).
- An is 0.005 or less at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- a film formed by mixing a liquid crystalline compound with the chain polymer of the present invention is used as a phase difference plate, the film itself that usually has a liquid crystalline compound strength can be obtained. Since ⁇ !! is relatively high, it is possible to make ⁇ !! of this phase difference plate 0.01 or more.
- phase difference plate When ⁇ !! of the phase difference plate is increased, it becomes possible to reduce the film thickness for expressing a desired phase difference. In particular, it is possible to obtain a phase difference plate that gives a phase difference of ⁇ 2 to light of almost all wavelengths in the entire visible light region with a film thickness of 100 m or less, which was extremely difficult with a conventional phase difference plate. is there.
- the powerful liquid crystalline compounds are not particularly limited as long as they do not impair the object of the present invention.
- Examples include azomethines, azoxys, cyanobiphenols, cyanophane esters, benzoic acid esters, Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ester, cyanophole oral hexanes, cyano-substituted ferrobilidines, alkoxy-substituted ferrobirimidines, ferrodioxanes, tolans, alkenylcyclohexylbenzo-tolyl, etc.
- Examples thereof include a liquid crystal low molecular weight compound, and a liquid crystal monomer having a polymerizable group such as a (meth) ataryloxy group, an epoxy group, a buroxy group, a propargyl group, and an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal of the liquid crystal low molecular weight compound. From these, one or more may be appropriately selected and used so that ⁇ n of the obtained retardation plate has a desired value or according to the type of polymer used.
- the amount of the liquid crystalline compound is 1 part by weight or more, preferably 3 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned chain polymer, so that the effect of improving An by using the liquid crystalline compound is sufficiently expressed.
- the amount of the liquid crystalline compound is 20 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the chain polymer. It is preferable that
- the retardation plate of the present invention can be used in the form of an optical film by laminating with other optical materials.
- a polarizing plate by laminating the retardation plate of the present invention on a polarizing plate, it can be used as an optical film such as an elliptically polarizing plate or a circularly polarizing plate.
- the retardation film of the present invention in which the phase difference is adjusted to ⁇ ⁇ 4 and the retardation plate of the present invention in which the retardation is adjusted to ⁇ ⁇ 2 are laminated on a polarizing plate to form an optical film. it can.
- the retardation plate of the present invention may be laminated directly on the polarizer of the polarizing plate, or may be laminated via a protective film.
- the retardation plate of the present invention can be provided with an adhesive layer for adhering to other members such as a liquid crystal cell. When this adhesive layer is exposed on the surface, it is preferable to cover the adhesive layer with a release paper.
- the retardation plate of the present invention has different functions such as an optical film laminated in the order of a polarizing plate, a retardation plate of the present invention, a band pass filter, and an optical film with a protective film attached to the surface. By laminating with an optical material, it can be used in various optical film embodiments.
- the retardation plate of the present invention or the optical film on which the retardation plate is laminated can be preferably used as a component of various image display devices such as a liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device can have an appropriate structure according to the prior art, such as a transmissive type, a reflective type, or a transmissive / reflective type in which the above optical film or the like is disposed on one or both sides of a liquid crystal cell.
- the liquid crystal cell forming the liquid crystal display device is arbitrary, and for example, a liquid crystal cell of an appropriate type such as a simple matrix driving type represented by a thin film transistor type may be used.
- the optical film of the present invention when the optical film of the present invention is provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, the optical film may be the same or different.
- appropriate components such as a prism array sheet, a lens array sheet, a diffusion plate, and a backlight can be placed in one or more layers at appropriate positions.
- the composition ratio was determined from peaks at around Oppm, 0.8 ppm, and 6.8 ppm.
- the composition ratio was determined from peaks at around Oppm, 3.3 to 5.4 ppm, and 6.8 ppm.
- the composition ratio was obtained from peaks at around Oppm, 3.5-5. Oppm, and 6.8 ppm.
- the film sample was put into a dryer set at 80 ° C., and the phase difference after 10 hours was measured. From the phase difference measured before the test and the phase difference after 10 hours of treatment at 80 ° C, the change rate of the phase difference was obtained.
- the measurement sample was 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm and the thickness was 40 to: LOO ⁇ m.
- FTZIR-230 (manufactured by JASCO) is equipped with PL-82 as an IR polarizer and measured at room temperature.
- the polymer obtained in Production Example 1 was dissolved in DMF and formed into a film using an applicator.
- the film obtained after drying was stretched 1.8 times at 110 ° C using a stretching machine to obtain a film thickness of 85 A uniaxially stretched film of ⁇ m was obtained.
- the phase difference change rate was 1% or less. Further, the water absorption of the obtained film was 5%.
- the polymer obtained in Production Example 2 was dissolved in DMF and formed into a film using an applicator.
- the film obtained by drying was stretched twice at 110 ° C using a stretching machine to obtain a uniaxially stretched film having a film thickness of 78 m.
- the phase difference change rate was 1% or less.
- the water absorption rate of the obtained film was 5%.
- the obtained stretched film was subjected to polarized IR measurement.
- the angle between the fast axis and the polarized light is 0 ° and 180 °, the absorption is large when 90 ° and 270 °, and the aromatic ring is oriented perpendicular to the plane containing the main chain. It is powerful.
- the polymer obtained in Production Example 4 was dissolved in DMF and formed into a film using an applicator.
- the film obtained by drying was stretched 1.5 times at 150 ° C. using a stretching machine to obtain an axially stretched film.
- Re (450) ZRe (550) 0.934
- Re (650) / Re (550) 1.032
- reverse wavelength dispersion! / .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05750807A EP1772756A4 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-06-03 | RETARDING FILM, NOVEL POLYMER, OPTICAL FILM AND IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE |
US10/592,729 US7501165B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-06-03 | Retardation film, novel polymer, optical film, and image display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004221204 | 2004-07-29 | ||
JP2004-221204 | 2004-07-29 | ||
JP2004-266757 | 2004-09-14 | ||
JP2004266757A JP3802544B2 (ja) | 2004-07-29 | 2004-09-14 | 位相差板、及び新規ポリマー、及び光学フィルム、及び画像表示装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006011298A1 true WO2006011298A1 (ja) | 2006-02-02 |
Family
ID=35786052
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/010260 WO2006011298A1 (ja) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-06-03 | 位相差板、及び新規ポリマー、及び光学フィルム、及び画像表示装置 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7501165B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1772756A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3802544B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100818571B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100456059C (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI277785B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006011298A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
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WO2007138882A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Nitto Denko Corporation | 液晶パネル、及び液晶表示装置 |
JP2008009389A (ja) * | 2006-05-29 | 2008-01-17 | Nitto Denko Corp | 液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
WO2008011464A1 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Calendering process for making an optical film |
US7982830B2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2011-07-19 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Liquid crystal panel, and liquid crystal display device having color filter and compensation layer |
US8911837B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2014-12-16 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Retardation film, optical laminated body, liquid crystal panel, and liquid crystal display |
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US7722935B2 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2010-05-25 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Retardation film, use of said retardation film, and novel modified polymer |
JP4433469B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-14 | 2010-03-17 | 日東電工株式会社 | 位相差板、及び光学フィルム、及び画像表示装置 |
JP4636600B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-26 | 2011-02-23 | 日東電工株式会社 | 複屈折性フィルム、積層位相差板、光学フィルム、及び画像表示装置 |
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US7807239B2 (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2010-10-05 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Optical film containing polymer having naphtyl group |
JP2008280364A (ja) * | 2007-05-08 | 2008-11-20 | Nitto Denko Corp | 変性pvaの製造方法 |
JP2010116528A (ja) * | 2007-12-21 | 2010-05-27 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 光学フィルム及び該光学フィルムの製造方法 |
KR20090081333A (ko) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-07-28 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 광학 필름 및 그 광학 필름의 제조 방법 |
JP5197062B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-20 | 2013-05-15 | 日東電工株式会社 | 複屈折フィルムおよび偏光素子 |
KR102057611B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-27 | 2019-12-20 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 역파장 분산 위상 지연 필름 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치 |
KR102103497B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-12 | 2020-04-23 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 보상 필름, 광학 필름 및 표시 장치 |
JP6877945B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2021-05-26 | 日東電工株式会社 | 位相差層付偏光板および画像表示装置 |
JP6966315B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-11-17 | 日東電工株式会社 | 位相差フィルム、光学補償層付偏光板、画像表示装置、およびタッチパネル付き画像表示装置 |
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- 2005-06-03 KR KR1020067024111A patent/KR100818571B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-03 EP EP05750807A patent/EP1772756A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-03 WO PCT/JP2005/010260 patent/WO2006011298A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-06-03 CN CNB2005800174820A patent/CN100456059C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-03 US US10/592,729 patent/US7501165B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-17 TW TW094120304A patent/TWI277785B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7982830B2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2011-07-19 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Liquid crystal panel, and liquid crystal display device having color filter and compensation layer |
WO2007138882A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Nitto Denko Corporation | 液晶パネル、及び液晶表示装置 |
JP2008009389A (ja) * | 2006-05-29 | 2008-01-17 | Nitto Denko Corp | 液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
KR100904124B1 (ko) | 2006-05-29 | 2009-06-24 | 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 액정 패널 및 액정 표시 장치 |
US7643118B2 (en) | 2006-05-29 | 2010-01-05 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Liquid crystal panel and liquid crystal display device |
WO2008011464A1 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Calendering process for making an optical film |
US8911837B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2014-12-16 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Retardation film, optical laminated body, liquid crystal panel, and liquid crystal display |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100456059C (zh) | 2009-01-28 |
EP1772756A4 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
US20080200621A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
EP1772756A1 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
TW200608065A (en) | 2006-03-01 |
TWI277785B (en) | 2007-04-01 |
KR100818571B1 (ko) | 2008-04-02 |
KR20070052242A (ko) | 2007-05-21 |
CN1997919A (zh) | 2007-07-11 |
JP3802544B2 (ja) | 2006-07-26 |
US7501165B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
JP2006065258A (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
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