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WO2002051471A1 - Drive mechanism for an injection device - Google Patents

Drive mechanism for an injection device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002051471A1
WO2002051471A1 PCT/GB2001/005704 GB0105704W WO02051471A1 WO 2002051471 A1 WO2002051471 A1 WO 2002051471A1 GB 0105704 W GB0105704 W GB 0105704W WO 02051471 A1 WO02051471 A1 WO 02051471A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear means
gear
drive
drive mechanism
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2001/005704
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Christopher Nigel Langley
Shane Alistair Day
Robert Frederick Veasey
Robert Woolston
Original Assignee
Dca Design International Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=9905751&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2002051471(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to AU2002216230A priority Critical patent/AU2002216230B2/en
Priority to MXPA03005595A priority patent/MXPA03005595A/en
Priority to DK01272092T priority patent/DK1349587T3/en
Priority to JP2002552612A priority patent/JP4308523B2/en
Priority to KR1020037008254A priority patent/KR100826218B1/en
Priority to US10/433,647 priority patent/US6969370B2/en
Priority to CA002430917A priority patent/CA2430917C/en
Priority to EP01272092A priority patent/EP1349587B1/en
Priority to BRPI0116295-0A priority patent/BR0116295B1/en
Priority to DE60110636T priority patent/DE60110636T2/en
Application filed by Dca Design International Limited filed Critical Dca Design International Limited
Priority to AT01272092T priority patent/ATE294599T1/en
Priority to IL15624801A priority patent/IL156248A0/en
Publication of WO2002051471A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002051471A1/en
Priority to HK04102493A priority patent/HK1059579A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/14244—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
    • A61M5/1452—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons
    • A61M5/14566—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons with a replaceable reservoir for receiving a piston rod of the pump
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/10—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
    • G16H20/17—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered via infusion or injection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/31576—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods
    • A61M2005/31588—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods electrically driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/21—General characteristics of the apparatus insensitive to tilting or inclination, e.g. spill-over prevention
    • A61M2205/215—Tilt detection, e.g. for warning or shut-off
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/60—General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means
    • A61M2205/6018—General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means providing set-up signals for the apparatus configuration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
    • A61M2205/8206—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31525—Dosing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
    • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
    • A61M5/31546—Electrically operated dose setting, e.g. input via touch screen or plus/minus buttons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S128/00—Surgery
    • Y10S128/01—Motorized syringe

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in an injection device, and in particular to improvements in a portable injection device for dispensing controlled quantities of a medicament.
  • injection devices are used by those suffering from diabetes to administer a dose of insulin or insulin-type medicine to themselves. It will be understood that such injection devices are suitable for the injection of other medicines.
  • pen-type injectors To overcome these difficulties a number of so-called pen-type injectors have been developed. These devices are small, being capable of being carried in a jacket pocket or the like and allow a number of doses to be obtained from a cartridge or ampoule contained within the injector. The present invention has particular application to such pen-type injectors.
  • the drive system must be accurate and reliable, and at the same time compact and efficient.
  • the drive system must be reliable and robust; being able to function for the life of the product.
  • the drive system must also be intrinsically fail-safe. It is an advantage of the present invention that it eliminates, or at least substantially reduces such problems.
  • the present invention also provides for improved ease of use and improved interaction with a user.
  • Figure 1 shows a plan view of a pen-type mjector in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a similar view to Figure 1 with an end cap of the injector omitted;
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the injector of Figures 1 and 2; '
  • Figures 4 to 6 show in plan view a part of a still further drive mechanism through three stages of operation.
  • the injector 2 comprises a main housing 4 to which is releasably secured an end cap or cover 6.
  • a control panel region 8 At a first end of the main housing 4 there is provided a control panel region 8.
  • This region includes a display panel 10, typically a LCD display, and a first dose button 12 and a second dose button 14, the first and second dose buttons being operated to increase or decrease a dose of medicament to be delivered.
  • the control panel region 10 in the illustrated embodiment also includes an arm button 16.
  • a dispense button 18 At the first end of the main housing there is also provided a dispense button 18.
  • the dispense button 18 is flush with the main housing 4.
  • a needle unit 22 is releasably secured to the main housing.
  • the second end of the main housing 4 is also provided with a shaped portion 24.
  • a cartridge 40 or ampoule of medicament is stored in the housing 4 behind the shaped portion 24.
  • the shaped portion is transparent to permit the cartridge 40 to be seen by a user.
  • a primer button 26 is also provided on the second end of the housing 4. It will be understood that when the end cap 6 is in place over the second end of the housing, it will not be possible inadvertently to depress the primer button 26 or to be pricked by the needle unit 22.
  • a cover detection switch 28 may also be included at the second end of the main housing 4 to detect whether the end cap or cover 6 is in place or not.
  • FIG 3 there can be seen a priming contact 30, an arm contact 32, a first dose contact 34 and a second dose contact 36 corresponding to the respective buttons.
  • a dispense contact 19 corresponding to the dispense button 18 is also shown.
  • a suitable location for a power source 38 such as a battery or batteries.
  • a suitable region in which a cartridge 40 or ampoule of medicament is to be located This region may be accessed by way of the removable shaped portion 24 of the main housing 4 to allow for replacement of the cartridge 40 or ampoule as required by the user.
  • a drive mechamsm 42 which operates from the power source 38 and acts upon the cartridge 40 or ampoule of medicament.
  • the cartridge 40 or ampoule comprises a container 44 or sleeve closed at one end by a cover 46 at a head end thereof, and sealed at the other by a movable bung 48 or stopper. When in position, the needle unit 22 pierces the cover 46 and movement of the bung 48 towards the cover 46 will cause the medicament contained within the cartridge 40 or ampoule to be expelled.
  • the cartridge may be a 3ml cartridge in accordance with ISO/FDIS 11608 Part 3, or any other suitable cartridge to suit the injector.
  • Movement of the bung 48 or stopper is caused by movement of a piston or plunger 50 forming a part of the drive mechanism 42.
  • the piston or plunger 50 is movable between a first fully withdrawn position (not shown) which allows for the replacement of the cartridge 40 or ampoule and a second fully extended portion in which as much medicament as possible has been expelled from the cartridge 40 or ampoule.
  • An end stop switch 52 may be provided in the main housing 4 to detect when the piston 50 is in the fully withdrawn position. Tripping of the switch end stop 52 may release a catch or other fastening device to allow access to the main housing 4 for replacement of the cartridge 40.
  • the drive mechanism 42 is operated by a motor 54 under the control of an electronic control unit (not shown).
  • the motor 54 should be reversible in order to allow the piston 50 to be moved between the first and second positions.
  • the motor 54 can be seen to drive the piston 50 by way of a gear train 42, such that rotation of a third rotor 58 causes the piston 50 to be moved in relation to the third rotor 58.
  • the user can feel the vibration of the motor 54 and the associated drive mechanism 42 and/or hear them in operation. In this way an added degree of confidence in the fact of the operation of the injector 2 is provided to the user.
  • the injector 2 is provided with an electronic control unit.
  • the electronic control unit is coupled both to the drive mechanism and a user interface.
  • the user interface includes the display panel 10 as well as the user operable buttons (and associated contacts).
  • the electronic control unit is microprocessor based. Either volatile or non-volatile memory may be used for storage of 'dose history' and patient specific information.
  • the electronic control unit is preferably powered from the injector power source 38.
  • the injector 2 preferably also includes a port for communication between the electronic control unit and an external apparatus such as a personal computer.
  • the injector 2 also has a priming detection facility, (such as a tilt switch or accelerometer) to identify when the injector 2 is inverted. On detection of an inverted position (needle up) the injector 2 will automatically change state to be ready for priming. Priming may be initiated by depression of the primer button 26 to cause a fixed small dispense action. The electronic control unit may cause a speaker to sound when the primer button 26 is depressed.
  • a priming detection facility such as a tilt switch or accelerometer
  • the primer button 26 is inactive at all other times. When the primer button 26 is active, all other buttons in the control panel region are inactive, that is those buttons which are to be used to set or dispense a dose.
  • the electronic control unit may cause a speaker to sound when the arm button 16 is depressed for a sufficient period of time to provide audible feedback for the user.
  • the function of the arm button 16 is to make the dispense button 18 active.
  • the arm button is preferably held down for a predetermined period of time before the injector 2 becomes armed.
  • the armed status may additionally be shown on the display panel 10.
  • the functionality of the arm button is preferably linked to the cover detection switch 28 such that the arm button 16 will only function to arm the injector 2 when the cover 6 is not present.
  • a clock within the electronic control unit will detect whether the dispense button 18 has been pressed within a specified time interval following arming of the injector 2. If the dispense button 18 has not been depressed within the specified time interval the electronic control unit will disarm the injector 2. Alternatively, if the arm button is depressed a second time within a predetermined time period by the user, the injector will be disabled.
  • the dispense button 18 may function as both a prime button and the dose button.
  • the priming detector is actuated, by the injector 2 being oriented needle up, the dispense button 18 would change function to that of the prime button of the previous embodiment.
  • buttons of the injector 2 are preferably tactile in nature to provide sensory feedback to the user.
  • the display panel 10 is typically an LCD display and will provide alphanumeric and graphical information relating to the operation of the device.
  • the dispense action is initiated by the user operating a switch. This means that the force required to operate the dispense button can be optimised for the comfort and ergonomic requirement of users.
  • FIGS 4, 5 and 6, there is shown a drive mechanism in the form of a single indexing gear arrangement.
  • a push pull solenoid 270 is shown having an output shaft 272.
  • the output shaft is coupled to a driving gear 278.
  • the driving gear 278 is driven longitudinally within a gear housing 276.
  • a shaft 280 of a lead screw is coupled to a driven gear 274.
  • the lead screw will be understood to comprise piston means for the advancement of bung 48 within a medicament cartridge 40 within the context of this description.
  • the driven gear is located for movement longitudinally within the gear housing 276.
  • Spring biassing means typically a helical spring 282 are located between a rear face of the driven gear 274 and the gear housing 276 to urge the driven gear 274 toward the driving gear 278.
  • Each of the driven gear 274 and the driving gear 278 are provided with angularly disposed teeth such that the teeth of the driven gear 274 may mate with the teeth of the driving gear 278.
  • the rotation of the driven gear 274 is aided by the presence of keyways (not shown) on the outer diameter of the driven gear 274 which engage with a set of sphnes (not shown) provided on an internal face of the housing 276.
  • the splines prevent the driven gear 274 from meshing completely with the driving gear 278.
  • the driven gear 274 On a return stroke, the driven gear 274 is returned, under the action of the spring biassing means 282. However, due to the rotation the keyways now pick up the next spline location allowing the driven gear 274 to return to a longitudinal position corresponding to a start position, but angularly offset from the previous start position.
  • This drive mechanism has a number of advantages. In particular, it has no indeterminate position which might lead to jamming of the drive mechanism. Also, the drive mechanism latches at the end of each stroke, making accidental dispense unlikely.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Read Only Memory (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • De-Stacking Of Articles (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

A drive mechanism for an injection device is disclosed in which piston means are selectively driven to expel medicament from within a medicament cartridge. The drive mechanism comprises a drive means (270), first means (278) associated with the drive means, second gear means (274) being moveable between a first position in wich only movement along its longitudinal axis is permitted and a second position in which the second gear means (274) is free to rotate about the longitudinal axis, the piston means (280) being associated with the second gear means (274), a housing (276) within which the first gear means (278) and the second gear means (274) are constrained for movement, and baissing means (282) located between the housing (276) and second gear means (274) to bias the second gear means (274) to the first position.

Description

DRIVE MECHANISM FOR AN INJECTION DEVICE
The present invention relates to improvements in an injection device, and in particular to improvements in a portable injection device for dispensing controlled quantities of a medicament.
Typically such injection devices are used by those suffering from diabetes to administer a dose of insulin or insulin-type medicine to themselves. It will be understood that such injection devices are suitable for the injection of other medicines.
At one time, such doses were administered by use of a disposable syringe; thό syringe first being filled from a separate phial or other container and then used to inject the dose. However, there were a number of difficulties in such an arrangement. In particular, such an arrangement was not suitable for the infirm. For others, the social stigma associated with such syringes made their public use problematic.
To overcome these difficulties a number of so-called pen-type injectors have been developed. These devices are small, being capable of being carried in a jacket pocket or the like and allow a number of doses to be obtained from a cartridge or ampoule contained within the injector. The present invention has particular application to such pen-type injectors.
While such pen-type injectors are a considerable improvement upon disposable hypodermic syringes, problems nevertheless remain.
In particular when considering the design of a drive system for a pen-type injector, there are a number of, sometimes, conflicting technical requirements. The drive system must be accurate and reliable, and at the same time compact and efficient. The drive system must be reliable and robust; being able to function for the life of the product. The drive system must also be intrinsically fail-safe. It is an advantage of the present invention that it eliminates, or at least substantially reduces such problems. The present invention also provides for improved ease of use and improved interaction with a user.
The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings; in which:-
Figure 1 shows a plan view of a pen-type mjector in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 shows a similar view to Figure 1 with an end cap of the injector omitted;
Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the injector of Figures 1 and 2; '
Figures 4 to 6 show in plan view a part of a still further drive mechanism through three stages of operation.
Referring first to Figures 1 to 3, there can be seen a pen-type injector 2 in accordance with the present invention. The injector 2 comprises a main housing 4 to which is releasably secured an end cap or cover 6.
At a first end of the main housing 4 there is provided a control panel region 8. This region includes a display panel 10, typically a LCD display, and a first dose button 12 and a second dose button 14, the first and second dose buttons being operated to increase or decrease a dose of medicament to be delivered. The control panel region 10 in the illustrated embodiment also includes an arm button 16.
At the first end of the main housing there is also provided a dispense button 18.
Preferably, when not depressed, the dispense button 18 is flush with the main housing 4.
Along a longitudinal axis of the mjector 2, to each side of the control panel region 10 are provided a number of grooves or recesses 20. These aid in the gripping of the injector 2 by a user. At a second end of the main housing 4 a needle unit 22 is releasably secured to the main housing. The second end of the main housing 4 is also provided with a shaped portion 24.
In use a cartridge 40 or ampoule of medicament is stored in the housing 4 behind the shaped portion 24. For preference, the shaped portion is transparent to permit the cartridge 40 to be seen by a user.
A primer button 26 is also provided on the second end of the housing 4. It will be understood that when the end cap 6 is in place over the second end of the housing, it will not be possible inadvertently to depress the primer button 26 or to be pricked by the needle unit 22. A cover detection switch 28 may also be included at the second end of the main housing 4 to detect whether the end cap or cover 6 is in place or not.
In Figure 3, there can be seen a priming contact 30, an arm contact 32, a first dose contact 34 and a second dose contact 36 corresponding to the respective buttons. A dispense contact 19 corresponding to the dispense button 18 is also shown.
With reference to Figure 3 it may be seen that there is provided a suitable location for a power source 38 such as a battery or batteries. There is also a suitable region in which a cartridge 40 or ampoule of medicament is to be located. This region may be accessed by way of the removable shaped portion 24 of the main housing 4 to allow for replacement of the cartridge 40 or ampoule as required by the user.
In a third region of the main housing 4 there is provided a drive mechamsm 42 which operates from the power source 38 and acts upon the cartridge 40 or ampoule of medicament. The cartridge 40 or ampoule comprises a container 44 or sleeve closed at one end by a cover 46 at a head end thereof, and sealed at the other by a movable bung 48 or stopper. When in position, the needle unit 22 pierces the cover 46 and movement of the bung 48 towards the cover 46 will cause the medicament contained within the cartridge 40 or ampoule to be expelled. The cartridge may be a 3ml cartridge in accordance with ISO/FDIS 11608 Part 3, or any other suitable cartridge to suit the injector.
Movement of the bung 48 or stopper is caused by movement of a piston or plunger 50 forming a part of the drive mechanism 42. The piston or plunger 50 is movable between a first fully withdrawn position (not shown) which allows for the replacement of the cartridge 40 or ampoule and a second fully extended portion in which as much medicament as possible has been expelled from the cartridge 40 or ampoule. An end stop switch 52 may be provided in the main housing 4 to detect when the piston 50 is in the fully withdrawn position. Tripping of the switch end stop 52 may release a catch or other fastening device to allow access to the main housing 4 for replacement of the cartridge 40.
The drive mechanism 42 is operated by a motor 54 under the control of an electronic control unit (not shown). The motor 54 should be reversible in order to allow the piston 50 to be moved between the first and second positions. In Figure 3, the motor 54 can be seen to drive the piston 50 by way of a gear train 42, such that rotation of a third rotor 58 causes the piston 50 to be moved in relation to the third rotor 58.
Preferably, the user can feel the vibration of the motor 54 and the associated drive mechanism 42 and/or hear them in operation. In this way an added degree of confidence in the fact of the operation of the injector 2 is provided to the user.
The functionality of a pen-type injector in accordance with the present invention will now be described, in particular with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3. The injector 2 is provided with an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is coupled both to the drive mechanism and a user interface. The user interface includes the display panel 10 as well as the user operable buttons (and associated contacts). The electronic control unit is microprocessor based. Either volatile or non-volatile memory may be used for storage of 'dose history' and patient specific information.
The electronic control unit is preferably powered from the injector power source 38.
The injector 2 preferably also includes a port for communication between the electronic control unit and an external apparatus such as a personal computer.
The injector 2 also has a priming detection facility, (such as a tilt switch or accelerometer) to identify when the injector 2 is inverted. On detection of an inverted position (needle up) the injector 2 will automatically change state to be ready for priming. Priming may be initiated by depression of the primer button 26 to cause a fixed small dispense action. The electronic control unit may cause a speaker to sound when the primer button 26 is depressed.
The primer button 26 is inactive at all other times. When the primer button 26 is active, all other buttons in the control panel region are inactive, that is those buttons which are to be used to set or dispense a dose.
The electronic control unit may cause a speaker to sound when the arm button 16 is depressed for a sufficient period of time to provide audible feedback for the user.
The function of the arm button 16 is to make the dispense button 18 active. The arm button is preferably held down for a predetermined period of time before the injector 2 becomes armed. The armed status may additionally be shown on the display panel 10. The functionality of the arm button is preferably linked to the cover detection switch 28 such that the arm button 16 will only function to arm the injector 2 when the cover 6 is not present.
Additionally, in a preferred embodiment, a clock within the electronic control unit will detect whether the dispense button 18 has been pressed within a specified time interval following arming of the injector 2. If the dispense button 18 has not been depressed within the specified time interval the electronic control unit will disarm the injector 2. Alternatively, if the arm button is depressed a second time within a predetermined time period by the user, the injector will be disabled.
In an alternative embodiment, the dispense button 18 may function as both a prime button and the dose button. When the priming detector is actuated, by the injector 2 being oriented needle up, the dispense button 18 would change function to that of the prime button of the previous embodiment.
The buttons of the injector 2 are preferably tactile in nature to provide sensory feedback to the user.
The display panel 10 is typically an LCD display and will provide alphanumeric and graphical information relating to the operation of the device.
Due to the use of an electromechanical drive, the dispense action is initiated by the user operating a switch. This means that the force required to operate the dispense button can be optimised for the comfort and ergonomic requirement of users.
In Figures 4, 5 and 6, there is shown a drive mechanism in the form of a single indexing gear arrangement. A push pull solenoid 270 is shown having an output shaft 272. The output shaft is coupled to a driving gear 278. The driving gear 278 is driven longitudinally within a gear housing 276. A shaft 280 of a lead screw is coupled to a driven gear 274. The lead screw will be understood to comprise piston means for the advancement of bung 48 within a medicament cartridge 40 within the context of this description. The driven gear is located for movement longitudinally within the gear housing 276. Spring biassing means, typically a helical spring 282, are located between a rear face of the driven gear 274 and the gear housing 276 to urge the driven gear 274 toward the driving gear 278. Each of the driven gear 274 and the driving gear 278 are provided with angularly disposed teeth such that the teeth of the driven gear 274 may mate with the teeth of the driving gear 278.
The rotation of the driven gear 274 is aided by the presence of keyways (not shown) on the outer diameter of the driven gear 274 which engage with a set of sphnes (not shown) provided on an internal face of the housing 276. The splines prevent the driven gear 274 from meshing completely with the driving gear 278. As the driving gear advances on a push stroke of the solenoid 270, the driven gear 274 is pushed, against the spring biassing means 282, along the splines until a point is reached where the driven gear 274 may disengage from the splines. At this point, the driven gear 274 rotates under the combined action of the pushing force of the spring biassing means and that of the solenoid until the teeth of the driven gear 274 and the driving gear 278 mesh (Figure 5).
On a return stroke, the driven gear 274 is returned, under the action of the spring biassing means 282. However, due to the rotation the keyways now pick up the next spline location allowing the driven gear 274 to return to a longitudinal position corresponding to a start position, but angularly offset from the previous start position.
This drive mechanism has a number of advantages. In particular, it has no indeterminate position which might lead to jamming of the drive mechanism. Also, the drive mechanism latches at the end of each stroke, making accidental dispense unlikely.

Claims

CLA S
1 A drive mechamsm for an injection device in which piston means are selectively driven to expel medicament from within a medicament cartridge, the drive mechanism comprising drive means 270, first gear means 278 associated with the drive means, second gear means 274 being moveable between a first position in which only movement along its longitudinal axis is permitted and a second position in which the second gear means 274 is free to rotate about the longitudinal axis, the piston means 280 being associated with the second gear means 274, a housing 276 within which the first gear means 278 and the second gear means 274 are constrained for movement, and biassing means 282 located between the housing 276 and the second gear means 274 to bias the second gear means 274 to the first position.
2 A drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterised in that one of the second gear means 274 and the housing 276 is provided with a plurality of splines and the other of the second gear means 274 and the housing 276 is provided with keyways within which the splines are located when the second gear means 274 is in the first position.
3 A drive mechanism according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that a first movement of the drive means 270 causes the first gear means 278 to advance from an initial position towards the second gear means 274 causing the second gear means 274 to be displaced from the first position to the second position and a second movement of the drive means 270 causes the first gear means 278 to return to the initial position thereby allowing the second drive means 274 to rotate and return to the first position under the action of the biassing means 282.
4 A drive mechanism according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the drive means 270 comprises a push pull solenoid.
5 A drive mechanism according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the biassing means 282 comprises a helical spring.
6 A drive mechanism according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the piston means comprises a lead screw.
PCT/GB2001/005704 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device WO2002051471A1 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL15624801A IL156248A0 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
CA002430917A CA2430917C (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
DK01272092T DK1349587T3 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Injection device drive mechanism
JP2002552612A JP4308523B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for injection device
KR1020037008254A KR100826218B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for injection device
US10/433,647 US6969370B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
BRPI0116295-0A BR0116295B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 drive mechanism for an injection device.
AU2002216230A AU2002216230B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
EP01272092A EP1349587B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
DE60110636T DE60110636T2 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
MXPA03005595A MXPA03005595A (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device.
AT01272092T ATE294599T1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 DRIVE MECHANISM FOR AN INJECTION DEVICE
HK04102493A HK1059579A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2004-04-08 Drive mechanism for an injection device.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0031466.6A GB0031466D0 (en) 2000-12-22 2000-12-22 Improvements in and relating to an injection device
GB0031466.6 2000-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002051471A1 true WO2002051471A1 (en) 2002-07-04

Family

ID=9905751

Family Applications (13)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2001/005726 WO2002051481A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having holding mechanism for medicament cartridge
PCT/GB2001/005743 WO2002051475A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Injection device with replaceable cartridge
PCT/GB2001/005704 WO2002051471A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
PCT/GB2001/005705 WO2002051472A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
PCT/GB2001/005747 WO2002058767A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005693 WO2002058766A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005721 WO2002051473A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Dosing means for an injection device
PCT/GB2001/005709 WO2002051477A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005707 WO2002051476A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005711 WO2002051479A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005741 WO2002051474A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
PCT/GB2001/005712 WO2002051480A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005710 WO2002051478A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2001/005726 WO2002051481A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having holding mechanism for medicament cartridge
PCT/GB2001/005743 WO2002051475A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Injection device with replaceable cartridge

Family Applications After (10)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2001/005705 WO2002051472A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
PCT/GB2001/005747 WO2002058767A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005693 WO2002058766A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005721 WO2002051473A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Dosing means for an injection device
PCT/GB2001/005709 WO2002051477A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005707 WO2002051476A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005711 WO2002051479A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005741 WO2002051474A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Drive mechanism for an injection device
PCT/GB2001/005712 WO2002051480A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit
PCT/GB2001/005710 WO2002051478A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (13) US7052484B2 (en)
EP (13) EP1349596B1 (en)
JP (16) JP4614621B2 (en)
KR (13) KR100788314B1 (en)
CN (13) CN100400117C (en)
AT (12) ATE356644T1 (en)
AU (12) AU2002216254B2 (en)
BR (13) BR0116297B1 (en)
CA (13) CA2431135C (en)
CY (3) CY1106128T1 (en)
DE (12) DE60110637T2 (en)
DK (12) DK1349593T4 (en)
ES (12) ES2240348T3 (en)
GB (1) GB0031466D0 (en)
HK (12) HK1059586A1 (en)
IL (22) IL156245A0 (en)
MX (13) MXPA03005595A (en)
PT (12) PT1349587E (en)
WO (13) WO2002051481A1 (en)

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ATE324131T1 (en) 2006-05-15
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CA2430931C (en) 2010-02-02
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