CN106080739A - The controller that a kind of diabetes patient of auxiliary drives - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a controller for assisting diabetics in driving, belonging to the technical field of signal processing, which includes a given unit, a processor unit, a display unit, a first drive circuit and a second drive circuit, and is characterized in that: the given unit Element is input driver's grip c of steering wheel and blood sugar concentration warning range for processor unit; Display unit shows the working condition of processor unit; Processor unit controls and connects first driving circuit and second driving circuit respectively; The grip strength of the steering wheel, fingertip temperature and blood sugar concentration warning range send out control signals. Adopting this controller can keep the blood sugar concentration of the driver within the early warning range of the blood sugar concentration, thereby avoiding discomfort caused by the blood sugar problem during the driving process of the driver and reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents.

Description

A controller for assisting diabetics to drive

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of signal processing methods and devices, and in particular relates to a controller for assisting diabetics in driving.

Background technique

As people's pace of life continues to accelerate, work and other pressures are increasing, and metabolic diseases such as diabetes are also increasing rapidly, which has become a public health problem that threatens the lives and health of the people. Since the first epidemiological survey in 1980, the prevalence of diabetes in my country has increased from less than 1% to 11.6%, with a total of more than 92 million people, and the prevalence of prediabetes is as high as 50.1%. The "Report on Nutrition and Chronic Diseases of Chinese Residents (2015)" shows that the awareness rate of diabetes among residents over the age of 18 in my country is only 36.1%, and the treatment rate is 33.4%.

Related literature generally believes that compared with normal drivers, the risk of traffic accidents for drivers with diabetes increases by 12% to 19%. Other data are shown. Drivers with type 1 diabetes are more than twice as likely to be involved in an accident as non-drivers. Therefore, it is of great significance to reduce such traffic hazards by real-time monitoring and reasonable regulation of blood sugar in the driving process of such people.

The existing assisted driving system mainly controls the stability of the vehicle body or performs some operations (braking, cruise, etc.) instead of the driver in extreme cases. The surrounding vehicles and crowds cause injuries, but the hazards of diabetes complications to the driver cannot be removed. Therefore, it is more practical to develop a controller that assists diabetics to drive to ensure road traffic safety without compromising their own health.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a controller for assisting diabetics in driving, which can output a control signal capable of adjusting the blood sugar concentration of the driver according to the finger temperature information of the driver.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: to invent a controller for assisting diabetics to drive, including a given unit, a processor unit, a display unit, a first drive circuit and a second drive circuit, characterized in that: The given unit sets the blood sugar concentration warning range for the processor unit; the display unit displays the working information of the processor unit; the processor unit controls and connects the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit respectively;

The working steps of the processor unit are:

(1) Read the blood sugar concentration warning range;

(2) Simultaneously read the driver's fingertip temperature x and detect the grip c of the palm where the fingertip is holding the steering wheel in real time;

(3) Substitute the driver's grip c of the steering wheel and fingertip temperature x into the mathematical model established by the genetic programming method to calculate the driver's blood glucose concentration value y;

(4) Judging whether y is within the blood sugar concentration range of step (1), if y is within the blood sugar concentration early warning range, no control signal is output; if y is higher than the upper limit of the blood sugar concentration early warning range, the output control signal is driven The first drive circuit; if y is lower than the lower limit value of the blood sugar concentration warning range, output a control signal to drive the second drive circuit;

(5) Repeat steps (2) to (4) until the end of driving, and record the driver's first use time.

Preferably, the establishment steps of the mathematical model in the processor unit are as follows:

a. Chromosome generation: Chromosomes are composed of a head and a tail. Each gene bit in the head is randomly written into the operator, and each gene bit in the tail is randomly written into c representing the driver's grip on the steering wheel or x representing the temperature of the fingertips to form the end character; change the content of the gene bit to generate different chromosomes, when the number of chromosomes reaches N, terminate the generation operation, and use the generated chromosomes as the initial population;

b. Construct the expression tree of the chromosome: each chromosome in the initial population consists of an operator at the head and a terminator at the tail to form an expression tree according to the gene position;

c. The capillary blood glucose concentration y ₀ of the driver is detected more than M times, and the fingertip temperature x and the grip force c of the steering wheel are simultaneously detected each time to form the benchmark for the year;

d. Substituting x and c of each detection into the expression corresponding to a chromosome in step (b), calculating the blood sugar concentration value y, and then calculating the fitness value of the chromosome:

in

||·|| _∞ represents the infinite norm

y _i represents the blood glucose concentration calculated using the x and c of the i-th detection

y _0i represents the capillary blood glucose concentration value of the i-th measurement

e. Repeat step d until the fitness value of each chromosome in the initial population of step a is calculated, and the chromosome corresponding to the smallest fitness value is selected as the contemporary optimal chromosome;

f. Perform selection, crossover and mutation operations on each chromosome in the initial population of step a to generate a new chromosome population, repeat steps d and e, and compare with the fitness value of the optimal chromosome of the previous generation. If it is greater than that, keep the optimal chromosome population of the previous generation The optimal chromosome and its minimum fitness value; if it is less than, the current optimal chromosome will be used as the optimal chromosome, and its fitness value will be recorded;

g. Step f is repeated until the number of evolutionary generations reaches Z times, and the expression of the optimal chromosome is used as the mathematical model of the driver.

Preferably, when the same driver drives again, calculate the time t between this time and the first use, if t≥1 year, detect the capillary blood glucose concentration L times for the driver, and detect fingertip temperature and The grip strength of the steering wheel is used together with the previous year's reference value as the current year's reference value. Repeat d, e, f, and g to calibrate the mathematical model, and use the calibration time as the initial use time.

Preferably, 20≤N≤200 in step a, M≥30 in step c, and Z≥60 in step g.

Preferably, L≥3.

Preferably, both the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit include a triode and a relay, the processor unit controls the control electrode connected to the electrode tube, and the triode controls the on-off of the relay.

Preferably, the given unit is an input keyboard.

Preferably, the display unit is a liquid crystal display.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The present invention can detect the temperature of the driver's fingertips in real time and the grip force of the steering wheel held by the palm of the fingertip to determine whether the blood sugar concentration is within the warning range. If it is higher than the upper limit, it means that the driver's blood sugar concentration is too high. Then send a control signal, inject insulin to the driver, so that the blood sugar concentration drops back to the warning range; Early warning range; if the blood sugar concentration is within the early warning range, there will be no control signal, and the driver’s current state will still be maintained, thereby avoiding the driver’s discomfort caused by blood sugar problems during driving and reducing the incidence of traffic accidents.

2. Establish a mathematical model that can reflect the relationship between the driver's blood sugar concentration, fingertip temperature, and the grip force of the steering wheel in the palm of the fingertip through genetic programming. The technology is mature and easy to implement.

3. By establishing an initial population containing more than 20 chromosomes, the number of mutations, and the initial number of capillary blood sugar tests, it is possible to fit a mathematical model that better reflects the relationship between the driver's grip on the steering wheel, blood sugar concentration, and fingertip temperature Model, so as to improve the accuracy of blood sugar concentration calculation, so that the system can better serve the driver.

4. Since the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit adopt the structure of triode and relay, the technology is mature and the performance is stable.

5. The present invention avoids the occurrence of diabetic complications by adjusting the blood sugar concentration in the driver's body, which not only reduces the incidence of traffic accidents, but also greatly reduces the damage of the disease to the driver's body, which has important practical significance for people with diabetes and is convenient Promote apps.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the program flowchart of processor unit;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the chromosome structure;

Fig. 4 is an expression tree of the chromosome in Fig. 3 .

Reference signs are: 1. processor unit; 2. input keyboard; 3. liquid crystal display; 4. first drive circuit; 5. second drive circuit; 6. input module; 7. operation module; 8. logic judgment module ; 9. Output module.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an input keyboard 2 , a processor unit 1 , a liquid crystal display 3 , a first drive circuit 4 and a second drive circuit 2 are provided in the present invention. The input keyboard 2 is used for the processor unit 1 to input the blood sugar concentration warning range; the liquid crystal display 3 displays the working status of the processor unit 1 in real time; the processor unit 1 is driven and connected to the first drive circuit 4 and the second drive circuit 2 respectively. The working steps of processor unit 1 are:

(1) Read the blood sugar concentration warning range;

(2) read the fingertip temperature x of the driver in real time and detect the grip c of the palm where the fingertip is holding the steering wheel;

(3) Substitute the driver's grip c of the steering wheel and fingertip temperature x into the mathematical model established by the genetic programming method to calculate the driver's blood glucose concentration value y;

(4) Judging whether y is in the blood sugar concentration warning range of step (1), if y is in the blood sugar concentration warning range, then no control signal is output; if y is higher than the upper limit of the blood sugar concentration warning range, then output the first The control signal drives the first drive circuit 4 through the output module 9; if y is lower than the lower limit value of the blood sugar concentration warning range, the second control signal is output, and the second drive circuit 2 is driven through the output module 9;

(5) Repeat steps (2) to (4) until the end of driving;

As shown in FIG. 2 , the program system in the processor unit 1 can be divided into an input module 6 , an operation module 7 , a logic judgment module 8 and an output module 9 according to functions. Among them, the input module 6 mainly receives peripheral input signals such as the fingertip temperature x detected by the temperature sensor and the driver's grip force value c of the steering wheel, and provides the received input signal to the calculation module 7, and provides blood glucose for the logic judgment module 8 at the same time. Concentration warning range, as a benchmark for comparison. The calculation module 7 is mainly to read the value c of the grip force holding the steering wheel and the temperature x of the fingertips in the input module 6, and substitute them into the mathematical model determined by the genetic programming method to calculate the blood glucose concentration value y of the driver; the logic judgment module 8 is Receive the calculation result of the calculation module 7, judge whether the blood sugar concentration value y is within the blood sugar concentration warning range; if it is higher than the upper limit value of the blood sugar concentration warning range, then issue an instruction to the output module 9, drive the first drive circuit 4, and The driver injects insulin; if it is lower than the lower limit of the blood sugar concentration warning range, an instruction is issued to the output module 9 to drive the second drive circuit 2, and the driver is supplemented with glucose; if it is just within the blood sugar concentration warning range, there is no control signal output.

The mathematical model used for calculation in the above-mentioned computing module 7 is established according to the following method:

a. Chromosome generation: The chromosome is composed of a head and a tail. Each gene bit of the head is randomly written into the operator, and each gene bit of the tail is randomly written into c representing the grip force of the steering wheel or x representing the temperature of the fingertip to form a terminator; Change the content of the gene bit to generate different chromosomes. When the number of chromosomes reaches more than 50, the generation operation is terminated, and the generated chromosomes are used as the initial population. For example, one of the chromosomes is shown in Figure 3;

b. Construct the expression tree of the chromosome: each chromosome in the initial population consists of the operator at the head and the terminator at the tail, which are read bit by bit according to the order of the gene bits from left to right, and form the number of expressions in hierarchical order Expression tree, the expression tree of the chromosome shown in Figure 3 is shown in Figure 4, and its corresponding expression is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

c. The capillary blood glucose concentration y ₀ of the user is detected more than 30 times, and the fingertip temperature x and the grip force c of the steering wheel are simultaneously detected each time to form the benchmark of the year;

d. Substitute x and c of each detection into the expression corresponding to a chromosome in step (b), calculate the blood sugar concentration value y, calculate the deviation from the measured value y ₀ , and take the maximum value of the deviation in the chromosome as the adaptation of the chromosome Degree value:

in

||·|| _∞ represents the infinite norm

y _i represents the blood glucose concentration calculated using the i-th detected x

y _0i represents the capillary blood glucose concentration value of the i-th measurement

e. Repeat step d until the fitness value of each chromosome in the initial population of step a is calculated, and the chromosome corresponding to the smallest fitness value is selected as the contemporary optimal chromosome;

f. Perform selection, crossover and mutation operations on each chromosome in the initial population in step a to generate a new chromosome population. In order to simplify the iterative procedure, the selection is preferably a roulette selection operator, and the crossover is preferably a two-point crossover. The crossover probability is 0.6≤ P _c ≤ 1, the mutation is preferably a single-point mutation, the mutation probability is 0.005 ≤ P _m ≤ 0.05, repeat steps d and e, and compare with the fitness value of the optimal chromosome of the previous generation, if greater, keep the optimal chromosome of the previous generation and its minimum fitness; if it is less than, the contemporary optimal chromosome will be used as the optimal chromosome, and its fitness value will be recorded;

g. Repeat step f until the evolutionary algebra reaches more than 20 generations of chromosomes, and the expression of the optimal chromosome is used as the mathematical model of the driver.

With the prolongation of the use time, in order to better calibrate the mathematical model on which the calculation is based, when the same driver drives again, calculate the time t between this time and the first use, if t≥1 year, for The driver detects the capillary blood glucose concentration more than 3 times, each time simultaneously detects the temperature of the fingertip and the grip strength of the steering wheel held by the palm of the fingertip, and the reference value of the previous year is used as the reference value of the current year. Repeat d, e, f and g, Calibrate the mathematical model.

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

During the driver's driving, the temperature sensor and pressure sensor installed on the steering wheel can read the driver's fingertip temperature x in real time and detect the grip c of the steering wheel held by the palm of the fingertip. Although the system can measure both sides, Only need to read the fingertip temperature on one side and the grip force of the steering wheel, and the read side can be set by the driver according to the driver's operating habits; blood glucose concentration value y of the staff, and judge whether y is within the blood glucose concentration range of step (1), if y is higher than the upper limit value of the blood glucose concentration early warning range, then send the first control information to the output module 9, and drive the first drive The circuit 4 injects insulin to the driver; if y is lower than the lower limit of the blood sugar concentration warning range, it sends the second control information to the output module 9 to drive the second drive circuit 2 to supplement the driver with glucose; Within the range, there is no control signal output. In this way, the glucose concentration in the driver's body is always within the early warning range of the blood glucose concentration, making the blood glucose normal until the end of driving.

The controller also displays its work information, and automatically records the driver's first use time, and automatically calculates the time period t between the first use and the first use in the future, and if t≥1 year, detect the capillary of the driver more than 3 times For blood sugar concentration, the fingertip temperature and the grip strength of the steering wheel are detected at the same time each time, and the baseline value of the previous year is used as the baseline value of the year. Repeat d, e, f, and g to calibrate the mathematical model, and the calibration time is used as the initial value. usage time.

Both the above-mentioned first drive circuit 4 and the second drive circuit 5 are composed of a triode T and a relay K, the processor unit 1 outputs the first control signal to the output module 9, the triode T in the first drive circuit 4 is turned on, and the relay K The coil is energized and enters the working state; if the processor unit 2 outputs the second control signal to the output module 9, the second driving circuit 5 works.

This system has been tested on 26 drivers who drive on designated road sections. For each driver, measure the capillary blood glucose concentration and fingertip temperature of the middle finger every 5 minutes, and then use the fingertip blood glucose calculated by the system The statistical results of the rank sum test showed that there was no significant difference between the capillary blood glucose concentration and the blood glucose concentration obtained by genetic programming (P>0.05), so using this system to monitor the driver's blood glucose concentration during driving can be recognized as Use fingertips to measure capillary blood glucose concentration.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any combination, change or modification that any skilled person familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above is the present invention. An equivalent embodiment of . However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. assist the controller that diabetes patient drives, including to cell, processor unit, display unit, the first driving Circuit and the second drive circuit, it is characterised in that: to cell be processor unit set blood sugar concentration early warning range；Display is single The job information of unit's video-stream processor unit；Processor unit controls to connect the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit respectively；

The job step of described processor unit is:

(1) blood sugar concentration early warning range is read；

(2) read finger temperature x and grip c of detection finger tip place palm holding steering wheel of driver in real time simultaneously；

(3) grip c and finger temperature x that driver holds steering wheel substitute into the mathematical model established by gene programmed method In, calculate blood glucose concentration value y of driver；

(4) judge y whether in the blood glucose range of step (1), if y is in blood sugar concentration early warning range, then without control Signal exports；If y is higher than the higher limit of blood sugar concentration early warning range, then output control signal drives the first drive circuit；As Really y is less than the lower limit of blood sugar concentration early warning range, then output control signal drives the second drive circuit；

(5) repeated execution of steps (2)～(4), terminate until driving, and record the first use time of this driver.

The controller that auxiliary diabetes patient the most according to claim 1 drives, it is characterised in that: in described processor unit The estblishing step of mathematical model is as follows:

A, generate chromosome: chromosome is made up of head and afterbody, each gene position random writing operator of head, afterbody each Gene position random writing represents driver and holds the c of steering wheel grip or represent the x composition terminal symbol of finger temperature；Change base Because the content of position generates different chromosomes, when the quantity of chromosome reaches N, terminate generating operation, the chromosome that will generate As initial population；

B, the expression tree of structure chromosome: in initial population, each chromosome is pressed by the operator of its head and the terminal symbol of afterbody Gene position constitutes expression tree；

C, carry out M above capillary blood glucose concentration y detecting driver₀, detection finger temperature x and holding side the most simultaneously To grip c of dish, form benchmark then；

The expression formula that in d, x with c substitution step (b) that will every time detect, a chromosome is corresponding, calculates blood glucose concentration value y, then Calculate the fitness value of this chromosome:

Wherein

||·||_∞Represent Infinite Norm

y_iRepresent the blood sugar concentration that x and c utilizing i & lt to detect calculates

y_0iRepresent the capillary blood glucose concentration value that i & lt is measured

E, repetition step d, until having calculated the fitness value of each chromosome in step a initial population, the fitness value that choosing is minimum Corresponding chromosome is as optimum chromosome in the present age；

F, each chromosome in step a initial population is selected, intersect and mutation operation produces new chromosome population, weight Multiple step d and e, and compare with the fitness value of previous generation optimum chromosome, if it is greater, then retain previous generation's optimum chromosome and Its minimum fitness value；If it is less, by optimum chromosome in the present age as optimum chromosome, and record its fitness value；

G, repeat step f, until evolutionary generation reaches Z time, by the expression formula of optimum chromosome as the mathematical modulo of this driver Type.

The most according to claim 2 auxiliary diabetes patient drive controller, it is characterised in that: when same driver again During driving, calculate this time the time t between first use, if during t >=1 year, this driver is detected L capillary blood glucose Concentration, detection finger temperature and hands hold the grip of steering wheel the most simultaneously, with the reference value of upper one year collectively as base then Quasi-value, repeats d, e, f and g, calibrates mathematical model, and high-ranking officers punctual between as using the time for the first time.

The controller that auxiliary diabetes patient the most according to claim 3 drives, it is characterised in that: 20≤N in step a≤ 200, M >=30 in step c, Z >=60 in step g.

The controller that auxiliary diabetes patient the most according to claim 4 drives, it is characterised in that: L >=3.

6. the controller driven according to the arbitrary described auxiliary diabetes patient of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: described first Drive circuit and the second drive circuit all include audion and relay, and processor unit controls to connect the control pole of electrode tube, Audion controls the break-make of relay.

The controller that auxiliary diabetes patient the most according to claim 6 drives, it is characterised in that: described is defeated to cell Enter keyboard.

The controller that auxiliary diabetes patient the most according to claim 7 drives, it is characterised in that: described display unit is liquid Crystal display.