TWI429841B - 具有管餘隙缺口的機械管聯結器 - Google Patents
具有管餘隙缺口的機械管聯結器 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI429841B TWI429841B TW094115732A TW94115732A TWI429841B TW I429841 B TWI429841 B TW I429841B TW 094115732 A TW094115732 A TW 094115732A TW 94115732 A TW94115732 A TW 94115732A TW I429841 B TWI429841 B TW I429841B
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- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L17/00—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/02—Joints with sleeve or socket with elastic sealing rings between pipe and sleeve or between pipe and socket, e.g. with rolling or other prefabricated profiled rings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L17/00—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
- F16L17/02—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket
- F16L17/04—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket with longitudinally split or divided sleeve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/002—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces
- F16L21/005—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces made of elastic material, e.g. partly or completely surrounded by clamping devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/06—Joints with sleeve or socket with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe ends
- F16L21/065—Joints with sleeve or socket with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe ends tightened by tangentially-arranged threaded pins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/04—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned in the radial plane
- F16L23/08—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned in the radial plane connection by tangentially arranged pin and nut
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/16—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means
- F16L23/18—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means the sealing means being rings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L25/00—Construction or details of pipe joints not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00
- F16L25/14—Joints for pipes of different diameters or cross-section
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53987—Tube, sleeve or ferrule
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Joints With Sleeves (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Joints With Pressure Members (AREA)
- Rotary Pumps (AREA)
- Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
Description
本發明關於用來將管元件連結在一起成端對端關係的機械管聯結器,此等管聯結器具有用於促進安裝作業而無須先期分解聯結器的管餘隙缺口。
用於將管元件端對端地連結在一起的機械聯結器包括可互連區段,其可定位成周向地圍繞同軸對準管元件之末端部分。本說明書中"管元件"一辭的使用係指任何管狀物品或是具有一管狀樣式的組件。管元件包含管料,管配件譬如彎頭、帽蓋和T形管以及流體控制組件譬如閥、異徑接頭、濾清器、限流器、壓力調節器及類似物。
每一機械聯結器區段包括一具有拱形表面的殼體,此等拱形表面從殼體徑向向內地突出並且接合於平口管元件或是繞每一待連結管元件延伸的周向溝槽。拱形表面與管元件之間的接合對接合處提供機械約束並且確保管元件即使是在高內部壓力及外力的條件下依然保持連結。殼體定義一環形通道收納一墊密片或封件、通常是一彈性體環,其接合於每一管元件之末端並且與此等區段合作以提供一流體密封效果。此等區段具有連接構件,其通常呈從殼體往外突出之凸耳(lug)的樣式。此等凸耳適於接收可調整上緊以將該等區段互朝對方拉近的繫結件,譬如螺母和螺栓。
為確保聯結器與管元件之間有良好配合,習知聯結器上的拱形表面會有一與其希望接合之管元件之外表面之曲率半徑大致匹配的曲率半徑。就用於有槽管元件的聯結器來說,拱形表面的曲率半徑小於在溝槽外側之管元件外表面的曲率半徑,使得拱形表面貼切地裝入並接合於此等溝槽。
習知聯結器之此種聯結器拱形表面與管元件外表面的幾何關係會在使用機械聯結器時得到一冗長耗時的安裝程序。一般而言,技工收到多個區段被螺栓接在一起且環封件被困在區段之通道內的聯結器。技工首先解除螺栓以分解該聯結器,移除環封件,潤滑該聯結器(未經預潤滑的情況)且將其放在待連結之管元件的末端周圍。環封件之安裝作業要求其經過潤滑及拉伸以配合管元件,這常常是一項既困難又麻煩的工作,因為環封件通常是剛硬的,而且潤滑作用使得封件難以被人操縱。在環封件於兩個管元件上就定位之後,將該等區段一次一個地跨放在管元件的末端上且用這些區段抵緊環封件將其困住。在安放過程中,使這些區段接合於封件,在有溝槽的情況中使拱形表面與溝槽對準,或者是使拱形表面與施作在管元件外表面上之對準記號對準,且將螺栓插穿過凸耳,將螺母旋到螺栓上並且旋緊、使聯結器區段互朝對方拉近、壓縮封件並使拱形表面接合在溝槽內。
如以上敘述明顯表示,依據習知技藝之機械管聯結器的安裝作業要求技工處理通常至少七個的獨立零件(在聯結器具有二以上之區段時會有更多零件),且必須徹底分解及重新組裝該聯結器。如果技工可以不用先徹底分解機械管聯結器然後將其一塊一塊地重新組裝就能安裝該機械管聯結器,則會省下大量的時間、心力和花費。
本發明之一態樣關於可互連的管聯結器區段。每一區段可定位為跨坐於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件固定在一起成端對端關係。該等管元件之末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面。每一區段較佳包括適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面。該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出。該等拱形表面之一者具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口。當該等區段相互連接時,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙。該等區段亦具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件。該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等拱形表面拉到與該等管元件之外表面接合。
較佳來說,該等缺口被定位在該等連接構件附近。在一較佳實施例中,該等拱形表面二者皆具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口。
在另一區段實施例中,該等拱形表面正對著(subtend)一小於180°的角。在此實施例中,該等區段上之該等拱形表面的至少一者具有一位在其一端的第一缺口。此外,該區段上之另一拱形表面可有一位在其一端的第二缺口,該第一和第二缺口被定位為在該區段上大致相互相鄰。
本發明亦關於一種管聯結器,其可定位為跨坐於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件固定在一起成端對端關係。該管聯結器包括相互連接成分隔關係的第一和第二聯結器區段。每一聯結器區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面。該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出。該等拱形表面具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口。該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙。每一聯結器區段具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件。該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等拱形表面拉到與該等管元件之外表面接合。
較佳來說,該等區段之每一者具有被定位成相互分隔關係的第一和第二側壁。該等側壁徑向向內地延伸,且該等拱形表面被定位在該等側壁上。該等側壁界定一位於該第一和第二拱形表面之間的通道。亦可有一位於該等側壁之間的凹部。該聯結器更包括一可撓彈性封件。該封件較佳是一大致圓形的環,其有一大小設定為用來接收該等管元件的內徑。該封件被定位在該第一和第二聯結器區段的通道內,且有一大小設定為用來將該第一和第二聯結器區段定位成所需相互分隔關係的外徑,藉此允許該等管元件在該第一和第二聯結器區段之間被安插成端對端關係。該封件可在該等連接構件被可調整地上緊時變形以將該等拱形表面拉到與該等管元件之外表面接合。
在另一實施例中,該聯結器再次包括相互連接成分隔關係的第一和第二聯結器區段。該等聯結器區段之一者具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出。該等拱形表面具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙。此外,該等區段之每一者具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等拱形表面拉到與該等管元件之外表面接合。
本發明亦包含一種由複數個聯結器區段組成的管聯結器。在此實施例中,至少一聯結器區段正對著一小於180°的角。每一聯結器區段亦具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面。該等拱形表面向內突出且相互間成分隔關係。該等拱形表面之一第一者和一第二者各自具有位在其相應拱形表面之一端的缺口。該第一和第二區段被定位為當該等區段互連形成該聯結器時,該等缺口大致以直徑向相互背對。該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入構成該聯結器之該等區段之間的餘隙。又,每一聯結器區段具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件。
本發明更包含一種用以將管元件之相向末端部分固定在一起呈端對端關係的方法。該方法包括以下步驟:(a)提供一管聯結器,其有複數個聯結器區段端對端地相互連接成分隔關係而圍繞著一中央空間,該等聯結器區段具有適於與管之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等拱形表面在其內具有位於該等區段之相反端的缺口;(b)將該等管元件之末端部分插入該中央空間內;且(c)將該等聯結器區段互朝對方拉近以便使該等聯結器區段之拱形表面接合於該等管元件之外表面。
圖1和2示出一用於將管元件12和14連結成端對端關係之管聯結器10的較佳實施例。管元件12和14具有大致圓柱形輪廓的相應外表面16和18。聯結器10包括被定位為跨坐於管元件之相向相應末端部分12a和14a的區段20和22。
在圖1和2所示實施例中,每一區段較佳具有一對拱形表面24和26。該等拱形表面往內朝向管元件突出且可與管元件之外表面16和18接合以形成如下文詳述之一接合處。如圖1最佳所示,每一拱形表面具有位於表面24和26之相反端的一對缺口28和30。該等缺口在區段20和22之間提供餘隙以供管元件末端部分12a和14a在安裝期間插入該等區段之間。每一缺口較佳具有一介於其相關拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度。
每一區段具有連接構件32,其較佳呈藉由繫結件36譬如螺栓38和螺母40而相互連接之凸耳34的樣式。凸耳具有孔42,其接收繫結件以達成該等區段相互連接成一預先組裝構造的狀態,此因免除分解該聯結器之需求而促進該聯結器的安裝作業,詳見下文。
如圖2所示,每一區段亦包含一由一對側壁46和48連結至一背壁50而構成的殼體44。該等側壁成分隔關係,且連同背壁50界定一接收一封件54的通道52。封件54之一實例示於圖3,其是一較佳由彈性體材料構成的可撓彈性環。該封件可具有唇狀部56,其利用管元件內之內部壓力以加大該封件與管元件外表面16和18之間的密封力。如圖7所示,該封件亦可有一舌狀部58。舌狀部58徑向向內地突出且提供一接合於管元件12和14之末端的止動表面以在安裝作業期間確保該封件相對於該等管元件正確定位。管元件與舌狀部58之接合亦促成拱形表面與溝槽(如果有的話)的對準。
由於封件54是大致不可壓縮的,其最好具備在被壓縮時可供其膨脹的空間。此空間係由一位在背壁50內的凹部60提供,如圖2所示。凹部60幾乎可採取任何實用形狀且接受該封件被加熱或曝露於流體時發生的體積變化,藉此使該封件之變形更為平均地分佈於其周長並且減輕該封件從區段之間及凸耳之間往外擠出的傾向。在有舌狀部58的情況中,該凹部亦防止該舌狀部被迫侵入管元件的末端之間。
如圖2所示,封件54有一大小設定為用來接收管元件12和14的內徑62,且有一大小設定為用來將該等區段維持在一構成上述預先組裝狀態之預定分隔關係(示於圖1)。在該預先組裝狀態下,該等區段被充分隔開以允許管元件末端部分12a和14a被插入該等聯結器區段之間成端對端關係。示於圖1之缺口28和30為管元件提供餘隙。在這些位置提供加大餘隙的可用性允許聯結器區段20和22比起未在表面末端提供餘隙之情況於預先組裝構造中分隔更小。此允許使用具有比原本所需更短且更合理之一長度的螺栓38。較短的螺栓提供允許使用一具備標準套筒之套筒扳手的額外好處。較長的螺栓可能需要深套筒,其為昂貴且並非永遠可取得使用的。此外,較短螺栓的使用對於預先組裝聯結器賦予較高穩定度且維持聯結器在預先組裝狀態下的整體性,藉由使區段保持在大致相互共平面而便於處理。再者,在用於可變形聯結器時,缺口亦減小使拱形表面順應於管元件外表面所需要的變形量,從而減小上緊繫結件所需要的能量。
以下參照圖1、1A及2-2B說明聯結器10的安裝作業。如圖1所示,聯結器10具備藉由封件54維持在預定分隔關係的區段20和22。繫結件36將該等區段保持在一起成為一預先組裝單元。如圖2和2A所示,管元件12和14被插入區段之間成端對端關係,缺口28和30在區段之其預定間距下原本會干擾到管元件的點提供餘隙。接下來如圖1A和2B所示,將螺母40可調整地旋緊,螺母及螺栓38與凸耳34合作以將拱形表面24和26拉到與管元件12和14之外表面16和18接合。封件54在此過程中變形。在此實例中,外表面16和18包含周向溝槽66和68,其與拱形表面合作以對接合處提供機械約束,使管元件在高內部壓力及外力下保持連結。拱形表面亦可接合於平口管元件,具有肩部、擴口末端、以及其他構造的管元件。就平口管來說,如圖2C所示,區段可具有包含向內突出之齒29的拱形表面25和27。齒29接合於管元件之外表面以提供機械約束,且在用於平口管元件時特別有利。齒29可為大致連續的或是間斷的,這些變異型均示於圖中。單一個齒亦屬可行,這最好用在小型聯結器。齒亦可為被成對地排列在區段之相反側上以加大供予聯結器的機械約束。
如圖1和1A所示,就聯結器10來說,最好將螺母40保持在螺栓38上之一會使區段20和22維持在由該等區段與封件54間之接觸決定之所需分隔關係的位置。這藉由使螺栓38之螺紋70變形、較佳藉由樁式接合(staking)而便利地達成。樁式接合該等螺栓會妨礙螺母旋轉並且防止螺母在例如運輸期間的振動作用下從螺栓鬆脫,並且使聯結器在安裝作業前保持所有零件都在一起的預先組裝狀態下。此樁式接合在螺母被一扳手旋緊時即可克服。
雖說聯結器區段在圖中示為藉由封件54將其保持在分隔關係,亦可理解到位於聯結器區段之間的一或多個隔片也會有助於維持該等區段的分隔。此等隔片可為可潰縮套管、可移除的物體或是彈性彈簧元件,且最好被定位在呈相面對關係的凸耳之間。這些隔片是一共同提出專利申請之申請案的發明標的。
另一聯結器實施例72示於圖4。聯結器72由二個區段74和76組成,凸耳78和80從這些區段伸出,該等凸耳與繫結件82合作當作連接構件用來將一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段。如前所述,每一區段具有一對拱形表面84和86,每一拱形表面較佳從該等區段徑向向內地突出。缺口88和90被定位在拱形表面84和86之末端,最好大致鄰近於凸耳78和80。防轉齒92亦可被定位在該等拱形表面附近且徑向向內地突出以接合於管元件之外表面並藉此提高扭轉剛度。
如圖5最佳所示,每一區段74和76具有位在凸耳78和80每一者附近的一對斜角取向表面部分94和96。如圖所示,表面部分94之斜率可為相反於同一區段上之表面部分96之斜率。(兩表面亦可為以相同方向傾斜。)此種一區段上之表面間的相反斜率關係導致具有可相稱斜率的表面在一預先組裝的聯結器內被定位成相面對關係。當繫結件82被上緊,使該等拱形表面接合於管元件之外表面,每一區段上的斜角表面部分94和96相互相對地接合及滑動,導致該等區段拉到一起且以一被定向為大致垂直於被連結管元件之軸線的軸線98為中心以相反方向相互相對地轉動。區段74和76的這些運動導致拱形表面84和86在管元件具備溝槽的情況中接合於此等溝槽並且提供相關於接合處之所有軸線的剛度。對於具有包含相同斜率之表面部分的聯結器區段來說,聯結器在相似效應下隨管相互相對以相反方向移動。
依據本發明僅僅由二個區段組成的聯結器最好用於連結不超過一特定大小之管元件。但是,超過此種大小,與大型區段相關的製造成本就會變得很高,就經濟面來說最好使用如圖6所示具有二以上之區段的聯結器100。區段102正對著一小於180°的角104且具有連接構件106,此等連接構件再次最好是呈具備適於接收繫結件112之孔110的凸耳108的樣式。圖中舉例示出具有四個區段102的聯結器100,但應理解到具有更多或更少區段的聯結器亦屬可行。
如圖6A所示,每一區段具有可與待連結之管元件之外表面接合的拱形表面114。繫結件112可被調整上緊且與該等凸耳合作以將區段102互朝對方拉近並與管元件接合。區段102可製作成在一拱形表面之一端僅有一個缺口116,但如圖6及6A所示,最好兩個拱形表面在相反端都有缺口,此等缺口提供如前所述的餘隙。
雖說聯結器之一較佳實施例在區段上包含成對拱形表面且在各表面之任一端具有成對缺口,然亦可使用具有較少拱形表面且/或在拱形表面上具有較少缺口的區段。一個此種實例示於圖8,其中聯結器122包括一區段124,在其拱形表面130之任一端具有缺口126和128,區段124以分隔關係連接至一有拱形表面134但沒有缺口的區段132。缺口126和128仍會提供讓管元件插入的有效餘隙,但區段132上沒有缺口意味著該等區段必須在預先組裝狀態下被以一大於有缺口存在於組成聯結器之兩區段上時的距離分隔。
另一個使用較少缺口的聯結器示於圖9。聯結器131具有區段133和135,每一區段具有如前所述呈分隔關係的成對拱形表面137。但是,每一拱形表面僅有一個位在該表面之一端的缺口139,每一區段上的缺口亦相互鄰近。在預先組裝狀態下,區段133和135被排列為使得一區段上的缺口大致以直徑向對向於另一區段上的缺口。如圖9所示,此等缺口提供讓管元件插入的餘隙,插入作業藉由將該等區段依圖中箭頭141所示相互相對側向移動而便於進行。
如同迄今所述之有缺口區段的聯結器可被修改成各種構造,其中一者示於圖7。聯結器134具有曲率半徑各不相同之拱形表面136和138,拱形表面136之曲率半徑140大於拱形表面138之曲率半徑。此構造許可聯結器134將管元件144和146連結在一起成端對端關係,該等管元件具有相互不同的直徑。
圖10示出一依據本發明之有缺口聯結器148,其當作有凸緣管元件與無凸緣管元件間之一轉接器。聯結器148包括區段150和152。每一區段有一拱形表面154在其相反端具備缺口156。一凸緣158被定位在每一區段150和152上對於拱形表面154成分隔關係,凸緣158沿周向且徑向向外地延伸,允許該聯結器將有槽、平口或其他無凸緣管元件連結至有凸緣管元件。如同先前所述實施例,聯結器148是在區段150和152處於分隔關係下的預先組裝狀態提供,允許無凸緣管元件被插入區段之有拱形表面154側之間。該等區段藉由繫結件160將其相互連接,該等繫結件與凸耳162和164合作使得當其被上緊時,拱形表面154接合於管元件之外表面。上緊繫結件的作業也將凸緣158帶到與有凸緣管元件上之匹配凸緣對準,允許螺栓(圖中未示)被用來達成對於有凸緣管元件的連結。
依據本發明之有缺口機械管聯結器提供快速且確實的創造一管接合處之安裝作業,同時免除部分地或徹底地分解然後重新組裝聯結器並處理個別零件的需求。
10...管聯結器
12...管元件
12a...末端部分
14...管元件
14a...末端部分
16...外表面
18...外表面
20...區段
22...區段
24...拱形表面
25...拱形表面
26...拱形表面
27...拱形表面
28...缺口
29...齒
30...缺口
32...連接構件
34...凸耳
36...繫結件
38...螺栓
40...螺母
42...孔
44...殼體
46...側壁
48...側壁
50...背壁
52...通道
54...封件
56...唇狀部
58...舌狀部
60...凹部
66...周向溝槽
68...周向溝槽
70...螺紋
72...聯結器
74...區段
76...區段
78...凸耳
80...凸耳
82...繫結件
84...拱形表面
86...拱形表面
88...缺口
90...缺口
92...防轉齒
94...斜角取向表面部分
96...斜角取向表面部分
100...聯結器
102...區段
106...連接構件
108...凸耳
110...孔
112...繫結件
114...拱形表面
116...缺口
122...聯結器
124...區段
126...缺口
128...缺口
130...拱形表面
131...聯結器
132...區段
133...區段
134...拱形表面(圖8);聯結器(圖7)
135...區段
136...拱形表面
137...拱形表面
138...拱形表面
139...缺口
144...管元件
146...管元件
148...有缺口聯結器
150...區段
152...區段
154...拱形表面
156...缺口
158...凸緣
160...繫結件
162...凸耳
164...凸耳
圖1是一依據本發明之一聯結器實施例的局部剖面圖;圖1A是一圖1所示聯結器的軸向視圖;圖2、2A-2C是在圖1之線2-2取得的縱向剖面圖;圖3是一用於依據本發明之聯結器之一封件的部分剖除透視圖;圖4是一依據本發明之一聯結器實施例的透視圖;圖5是一圖4所示聯結器的側視圖;圖6是一依據本發明之一聯結器實施例的軸向視圖;圖6A是一圖6所示聯結器之一部分的視圖;圖7是一依據本發明之一聯結器實施例的縱向剖面圖;圖8是一依據本發明之一聯結器實施例的局部剖面圖;且圖9和10是依據本發明之聯結器實施例的軸向視圖。
10...管聯結器
12...管元件
12a...末端部分
14...管元件
14a...末端部分
16...外表面
18...外表面
20...區段
22...區段
24...拱形表面
26...拱形表面
44...殼體
46...側壁
48...側壁
50...背壁
52...通道
54...封件
60...凹部
66...周向溝槽
68...周向溝槽
Claims (32)
- 一種可互連的管聯結器區段,每一區段可定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件固定在一起成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中每一該區段包括:一對適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出,該等拱形表面之一者具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口,當該等區段相互連接時,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙,該等缺口之每一者具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度;及至少一用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以拉引該等拱形表面與該等管元件之外表面相接合。
- 如請求項1之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等缺口被定位在該等連接構件附近。
- 如請求項1之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等拱形表面二者皆具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口,當該等區段相互連接時,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙。
- 如請求項1之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等拱形表面包括從該等區段大致徑向向內地突出的至少一齒,該齒抓住該等管元件之該等外表面且提供機械約束。
- 如請求項1之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等連接構件 包括從該等區段之每一者的末端往外延伸的一對凸出部,該等凸出部適於接收繫結件以將該等區段可調整地相互連接,該等繫結件可被調整上緊以拉引該等拱形表面與該等管元件之該等外表面相接合。
- 如請求項5之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等凸出部之至少一者包括一具有適於接收該繫結件之一穿透孔的凸耳。
- 如請求項1之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等區段之每一者更包括位在該等連接構件之每一者附近的一對斜角取向表面,該等區段之每一者上的該等斜角取向表面具有相反斜率,位在該等區段之一者上的該等斜角取向表面與位在該等區段之另一者上的該等斜角取向表面呈相面對關係,該等斜角取向表面在該等區段被拉到一起時相互接合且導致該等區段以一大致垂直於該等管元件之軸線為中心彼此相對旋轉。
- 一種可互連的管聯結器區段,每一區段可定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件固定在一起成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中每一區段包括:一對適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出,該等拱形表面之一者正對著一小於180°的角,該等拱形表面之一第一拱形表面具有一位在其一端的第一缺口,當該等區段相互連接時,該缺口提供讓該等管元件插 入該等區段之間的餘隙,該缺口具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度;及用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以拉引該等拱形表面與該等管元件之該等外表面相接合。
- 如請求項8之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等拱形表面之一第二拱形表面具有一位在其一端的第二缺口,該第一和第二缺口被定位為在該區段上彼此大致相鄰。
- 如請求項8之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等連接構件包括從該等區段之每一者的末端往外延伸的一對凸出部,該等凸出部適於接收繫結件以將該等區段可調整地相互連接,該等繫結件可被調整上緊以拉引該等拱形表面與該等管元件之該等外表面相接合。
- 如請求項10之可互連的管聯結器區段,其中該等凸出部之至少一者包括一具有適於接收該繫結件之一穿透孔的凸耳。
- 一種管聯結器,其可定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件固定在一起成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中該管聯結器包括:相互連接成分隔關係的第一和第二聯結器區段,每一聯結器區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出,該等拱形表面具有位在其相反端的第一和 第二缺口,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙,該等缺口之每一者具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度;且每一該聯結器區段具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以拉引該等拱形表面與該等管元件之外表面相接合。
- 如請求項12之管聯結器,其中該等區段之每一者包括被定位成相互分隔關係且徑向向內延伸的第一和第二側壁,該等拱形表面被定位在該等側壁上,該等側壁界定一位於該第一和第二拱形表面之間的通道。
- 如請求項13之管聯結器,其中該等區段之每一者包含一位於該等側壁之間的凹部。
- 如請求項13之管聯結器,進一步包括一可撓彈性封件,該封件是一大致圓形的環,其有一大小設定為用來接收該等管元件的內徑,該封件被定位在該第一和第二聯結器區段的該通道內,該封件有一大小設定為用來將該第一和第二聯結器區段定位成該相互分隔關係的外徑,藉此允許該等管元件在該第一和第二聯結器區段之間被安插成該端對端關係,該封件在該等連接構件被可調整地上緊時被予以變形以拉引該等拱形表面與該等管元件之外表面相接合。
- 如請求項12之管聯結器,其中該第一和第二區段之每一者上的該等拱形表面之一者具有一小於該第一和第二區段上之該等拱形表面之另一者的曲率半徑。
- 如請求項12之管聯結器,其中該等連接構件包括從該等區段之每一者的末端往外延伸的一對凸出部,該等凸出部適於接收繫結件以將該等區段可調整地相互連接,該等繫結件可被調整上緊以將該等區段之該等拱形表面拉引在一起與該等管元件之該等外表面接合。
- 如請求項17之管聯結器,其中該等繫結件包括被旋到螺栓上的螺母,該等螺栓具有被變形的螺紋以便使該等螺母暫時保持在一相容於該第一和第二聯結器區段之分隔關係的預定位置,該等螺母可從該預定位置被調整上緊以將該等拱形表面拉到與該等管元件之該等外表面接合。
- 如請求項18之管聯結器,其中該等螺紋因樁式接合該等螺紋而被變形。
- 如請求項12之管聯結器,其中該第一和第二區段之每一者更包括被定位在該等連接構件之每一者附近的一對斜角取向表面,位在該等區段之一者上的該等斜角取向表面與位在該等區段之另一者上的該等斜角取向表面呈相面對關係,該等斜角取向表面在該等區段被拉引在一起時相互接合且導致該等區段相對於對方移動並使該等拱形表面與該等管元件之該等外表面接合。
- 如請求項20之管聯結器,其中該等區段之每一者上的該等斜角取向表面具有相反斜率,該等斜角取向表面在該等區段被拉引在一起時相互接合且導致該等區段以一大致垂直於該等管元件之軸線為中心相互相對旋轉。
- 一種管聯結器,其可定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件固定在一起成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中該管聯結器包括:相互連接成分隔關係的第一和第二聯結器區段,該等聯結器區段之一者具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出,該等拱形表面具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙,該等缺口之每一者具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度;且每一該聯結器區段具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等拱形表面拉引成與該等管元件之該等外表面相接合。
- 如請求項22之管聯結器,其中該等區段之每一者包括被定位成相互分隔關係且徑向向內延伸的第一和第二側壁,該等拱形表面被定位在該等側壁上,該等側壁界定一位於該第一和第二拱形表面之間的通道。
- 如請求項23之管聯結器,其中該等區段之每一者包含一位於該等側壁之間的凹部。
- 如請求項23之管聯結器,進一步包括一可撓彈性封件,該封件是一大致圓形的環,其有一大小設定為用來接收該等管元件的內徑,該封件被定位在該第一和第二聯結 器區段的該通道內,該封件有一大小設定為用來將該第一和第二聯結器區段定位成該相互分隔關係的外徑,藉此允許該等管元件在該第一和第二聯結器區段之間被安插成該端對端關係,該封件可在該等連接構件被可調整地上緊時變形以將該等拱形表面拉引至與該等管元件之外表面相接合。
- 一種管聯結器,其可定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件相互固定成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,該聯結器包括:複數個聯結器區段,每一聯結器區段正對著一小於180°的角,每一聯結器區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面向內突出且相互間成分隔關係,該等聯結器區段各自具有位在其相應拱形表面之相反端的缺口,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入構成該聯結器之該等區段之間的餘隙,該等缺口之每一者具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度;且每一該聯結器區段具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等區段之該等拱形表面拉引至與該等管元件之外表面接合。
- 如請求項26之管聯結器,其包括四個該等聯結器區段。
- 如請求項26之管聯結器,進一步包括一可撓彈性封件,該封件是一大致圓形的環,其有一大小設定為用來接收 該等管元件的內徑,該封件被定位在該等聯結器區段的該等拱形表面之間,該封件有一大小設定為用來將該等聯結器區段定位成相互分隔關係的外徑,藉此允許該等管插入該等聯結器區段之間成該端對端關係,該封件可在該等連接構件被可調整地上緊時變形以將該等拱形表面互朝對方拉近且使該等區段之曲率符合於該等管之外表面。
- 一種管聯結器,其可定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件相互固定成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之一者的該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,該聯結器包括:第一和第二聯結器區段,每一聯結器區段具有一適於與該一管元件之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等拱形表面向內突出且具有位在其相反端的第一和第二缺口,該等缺口提供讓該一管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙,該等缺口之每一者具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度;且每一該聯結器區段具有用於使一聯結器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等區段之該等拱形表面拉到與該等管元件之外表面接合。
- 如請求項29之管聯結器,進一步包括分別被安裝在該第一和第二聯結器區段上且對該等拱形表面成分隔關係的第一和第二凸緣,該凸緣徑向向外延伸且可與一匹配凸 緣接合以將該聯結器連接至一有凸緣管元件。
- 一種可互連的管聯結器區段,每一區段可定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分以將該等管元件固定在一起成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中每一該區段包括:一對適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間成分隔關係且往內朝向該等管元件突出,該等拱形表面每一者具有一位在其一端的缺口,每一該區段上的該等缺口被定位為相互鄰近,該等區段被排列為使該等缺口大致以直徑向相互背對,當該等區段被相互連接時,該等缺口提供讓該等管元件插入該等區段之間的餘隙,該等缺口之每一者具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和約30%之間的長度;及用於將一連接器區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以拉引該等拱形表面而與該等管元件之該等外表面相接合。
- 一種用以將管元件之相向末端部分固定在一起呈端對端關係的方法,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,該方法包括以下步驟:提供一管聯結器,其具有複數個聯結器區段端對端地相互連接成分隔關係而圍繞著一中央空間,該等聯結器區段具有適於與該等管之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等拱形表面在其內具有位於該等拱形表面之相反端的缺口,該等缺口之每一者具有一介於該一拱形表面之全長的約5%和 約30%之間的長度;將該等管元件之該等末端部分插入該中央空間內;且將該等聯結器區段互朝對方拉近以便使該等聯結器區段之該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之該等外表面。
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US11/125,739 US7591055B2 (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-10 | Method of securing facing end portions of pipe elements |
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TW094115832A TWI370880B (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | Deformable mechanical pipe coupling |
TW094115732A TWI429841B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有管餘隙缺口的機械管聯結器 |
TW094115836A TWI385331B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 用於管聯結器之密封構件 |
TW094115729A TWI424128B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有隔片之機械管接頭 |
TW094115730A TWI317001B (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | Method for joining pipe elements in end to end relation |
TW098103039A TWI441996B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 可互聯的管聯結件區段、管聯結件及由一管聯結件與一對管元件組成的組合 |
TW094115819A TWI391594B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有壓縮環之管接頭 |
TW100102333A TWI467105B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 將管元件端對端固定的方法 |
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TW094115832A TWI370880B (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | Deformable mechanical pipe coupling |
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TW094115836A TWI385331B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 用於管聯結器之密封構件 |
TW094115729A TWI424128B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有隔片之機械管接頭 |
TW094115730A TWI317001B (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | Method for joining pipe elements in end to end relation |
TW098103039A TWI441996B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 可互聯的管聯結件區段、管聯結件及由一管聯結件與一對管元件組成的組合 |
TW094115819A TWI391594B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有壓縮環之管接頭 |
TW100102333A TWI467105B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 將管元件端對端固定的方法 |
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