TWI424128B - 具有隔片之機械管接頭 - Google Patents
具有隔片之機械管接頭 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI424128B TWI424128B TW094115729A TW94115729A TWI424128B TW I424128 B TWI424128 B TW I424128B TW 094115729 A TW094115729 A TW 094115729A TW 94115729 A TW94115729 A TW 94115729A TW I424128 B TWI424128 B TW I424128B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L17/00—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/02—Joints with sleeve or socket with elastic sealing rings between pipe and sleeve or between pipe and socket, e.g. with rolling or other prefabricated profiled rings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L17/00—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
- F16L17/02—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket
- F16L17/04—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket with longitudinally split or divided sleeve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/002—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces
- F16L21/005—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces made of elastic material, e.g. partly or completely surrounded by clamping devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/06—Joints with sleeve or socket with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe ends
- F16L21/065—Joints with sleeve or socket with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe ends tightened by tangentially-arranged threaded pins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/04—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned in the radial plane
- F16L23/08—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned in the radial plane connection by tangentially arranged pin and nut
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/16—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means
- F16L23/18—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means the sealing means being rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L25/00—Construction or details of pipe joints not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00
- F16L25/14—Joints for pipes of different diameters or cross-section
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53987—Tube, sleeve or ferrule
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Joints With Sleeves (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Joints With Pressure Members (AREA)
- Rotary Pumps (AREA)
- Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
Description
本發明關於具有利用隔片維持在分隔關係之區段的機械管接頭。
用於將管元件端對端地連結在一起的機械接頭包括可互連區段,其可定位成周向地圍繞同軸對準管元件之末端部分。本說明書中"管元件"一辭的使用係指任何管狀物品或是具有一管狀樣式的組件。管元件包含管料,管配件譬如彎頭、帽蓋和T形管以及流體控制組件譬如閥、異徑接頭、濾清器、限流器、壓力調節器及類似物。
每一機械接頭區段包括一具有拱形表面的殼體,此等拱形表面從殼體徑向向內地突出並且接合於平口管元件或是繞每一待連結管元件延伸的周向溝槽。拱形表面與管元件之間的接合對接合處提供機械約束並且確保管元件即使是在高內部壓力及外力的條件下依然保持連結。殼體定義一環形通道收納一墊密片或封件、通常是一彈性體環,其接合於每一管元件之末端並且與此等區段合作以提供一流體密封效果。此等區段具有連接構件,其通常呈從殼體往外突出之凸耳(lug)的樣式。此等凸耳適於接收可調整上緊以將該等區段互朝對方拉近的繫結件,譬如螺母和螺栓。
為確保接頭與管元件之間有良好配合,習知接頭上的拱形表面會有一與其希望接合之管元件之外表面之曲率半徑大致匹配的曲率半徑。就用於有槽管元件的接頭來說,拱形表面的曲率半徑小於在溝槽外側之管元件外表面的曲率半徑,使得拱形表面貼切地裝入並接合於此等溝槽。
習知接頭之此種接頭拱形表面與管元件外表面的幾何關係會在使用機械接頭時得到一冗長耗時的安裝程序。一般而言,技工收到多個區段被螺栓接在一起且環封件被困在區段之通道內的接頭。技工首先解除螺栓以分解該接頭,移除環封件,潤滑該接頭(未經預潤滑的情況)且將其放在待連結之管元件的末端周圍。環封件之安裝作業要求其經過潤滑及拉伸以配合管元件,這常常是一項既困難又麻煩的工作,因為環封件通常是剛硬的,而且潤滑作用使得封件難以被人操縱。在環封件於兩個管元件上就定位之後,將該等區段一次一個地跨放在管元件的末端上且用這些區段抵緊環封件將其困住。在安放過程中,使這些區段接合於封件,在有溝槽的情況中使拱形表面與溝槽對準,或者是使拱形表面與施作在管元件外表面上之對準記號對準,且將螺栓插穿過凸耳,將螺母旋到螺栓上並且旋緊、使接頭區段互朝對方拉近、壓縮封件並使拱形表面接合在溝槽內。
如以上敘述明顯表示,依據習知技藝之機械管接頭的安裝作業通常要求技工處理通常至少七個的獨立零件(在接頭具有二以上之區段時會有更多零件),且必須徹底分解及重新組裝該接頭。如果技工可以不用先徹底分解機械管接頭然後將其一塊一塊地重新組裝就能安裝該機械管接頭,則會省下大量的時間、心力和花費。
本發明關於一種機械管接頭,其可被定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分藉以將該等管元件固定在一起呈端對端關係。該等管元件之末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面。該管接頭包括複數個接頭區段。每一區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面。該等拱形表面相互間以長度向呈分隔關係。每一接頭區段具有用來使一接頭區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件。
一隔片被定位在該等接頭區段之間。該隔片將該等接頭區段維持在足以允許該等管元件之末端部分被插入該等區段之間成端對端關係的預定分隔關係。該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等區段拉到一起。該隔片被建構為在該等管元件之末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間呈端對端關係時允許該等連接構件上緊以許可該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之外表面。
在一實施例中,該隔片被建構為可在因該等連接構件之上緊作用而造成之一預定壓縮力的施加下潰縮。該隔片之潰縮許可該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之外表面。
較佳來說,該可潰縮隔片包括一被定位在該等連接構件之間的套管。該套管有一圓形橫截面且可由一聚合物材料構成。輕量金屬套管亦屬可行。該套管可經起皺或刻痕以促進該套管在該等連接構件上緊後潰縮。
在另一實施例中,該隔片被建構為可從該等區段之間移除。該隔片之移除允許該等連接構件上緊,許可該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之外表面。該可移除的隔片較佳採取一被定位在該等連接構件之間的塊狀本體的樣式。該塊狀本體可被可釋地附接至該等連接構件之一者。
在一特殊實施例中,該等區段上之拱形表面正對著(subtend)一小於180°的角度,且具有一大於該等管元件之外表面之曲率半徑的曲率半徑。該等區段可因該等連接構件之可調上緊作用而變形以便使該等拱形表面之曲率符合於該等管元件之外表面。
在另一實施例中,該等拱形表面從該等區段徑向向內地突出。一對凹口形成於該等拱形表面之每一者內緊鄰該等區段之每一端。當該等區段處於預定分隔關係,該等凹口提供讓該等管元件之末端部分插入該等區段之間的空隙。
在另一實施例中,該等區段既不可蓄意變形也不具備空隙凹口,該接頭僅利用隔片以允許該等管元件在該等區段處於分隔的預先組裝構造時被插入該等區段之間。
圖1和2示出一依據本發明的管接頭10。接頭10由接頭區段12和14構成,此二區段可相互互連跨置於管元件16和18之末端部分16a和18a以將該等管元件固定在一起呈端對端關係。管元件之末端部分具有相應的大致圓柱形輪廓外表面20和22。
接頭區段12和14之互連係由連接構件達成,此等連接構件最好呈如圖2最佳顯示之凸耳24和26的樣式。該等凸耳較佳被定位在每一區段之每一端且從該等區段往外突出。凸耳24和26被定位成相面對關係且適於接收繫結件,此等繫結件最好呈螺栓28和螺母30的樣式,其可被調整旋緊且與凸耳24和26合作以將該等接頭區段可調整地相互連接,詳見下文。
如圖1最佳所示,每一區段12和14包括一對拱形表面32和34。該等拱形表面相互呈分隔關係且較佳徑向向內地往管元件16和18突出。該等表面從一具有連結至一背壁40之側壁38的殼體36伸出,該等側壁及背壁形成一接收一封件44的通道42。
封件44之實例示於圖4和5。封件44最好是一由彈性體材料構成的可撓彈性環。該封件可具有唇狀部46,其利用管內之內部壓力以加大該封件與管元件16和18之外表面20和22間的密封力。如圖5所示,封件44亦可有一位在唇狀部46之間的舌狀部48,該舌狀部沿該封件周向地延伸且徑向向內地突出。舌狀部48提供一接合於管元件16和18之末端的止動表面以確保封件44相對於該等管元件正確定位,詳見下文。管元件與舌狀部48之接合亦促成拱形表面與溝槽(如果有的話)或是與管元件外表面上之對準記號的對準。
如圖2所示,拱形表面32和34具有大於管元件16和18之外表面20和22之曲率半徑52的曲率半徑50。此外,拱形表面32正對著一小於180°的角54。介於約40°至約179°之間的角54正合用。因為此種拱形表面幾何形狀,區段12和14可被相互獨立地預先組裝,致使管元件16和18可如圖1所示直接插入接頭10內而不用先行分解該接頭。此項特徵提供一顯著優於必須一塊一塊地組裝到管末端上之習知接頭的優點。用一依據本發明之接頭10連結管末端的作業比起使用習知接頭來得順暢且快速,因為技工處理較少零件而且不用將螺母旋到螺栓上。在圖1所示實施例中,封件44有一大小設定為用來使接頭區段12和14保持在充分分隔關係以允許管末端如前所述插入的外徑56。封件內徑58的大小設定為用來簡單地藉由將接頭推到管元件上或是將管元件插入接頭內而接收管元件之末端部分16a和18a。具有不同特徵用以將該等區段支撐成分隔關係的其他實施例見下文。
在管元件16和18二者如圖1A所示被插入接頭10內之後,將螺母30旋緊(亦參見圖2)。螺母30與其螺栓28合作以將區段12上的拱形表面32和34往區段14上的拱形表面拉近。螺母之旋緊會在凸耳24和26上施加一力,其將該等區段帶到與管元件接觸並且導致區段12和14變形,致使拱形表面32和34之曲率半徑50大致符合於管元件16和18之曲率半徑52。此作用藉由比較圖2和3及1A和1B以圖式說明,其中拱形表面與管外表面之間的間隙60在拱形表面被帶到與管末端外表面接合時會減小。區段12和14之變形最好是大致彈性的,允許這些區段在螺母30被旋鬆時大致彈回其原始形狀,藉此許可以依據本發明之方式如本說明書所述地多次使用接頭10。該等區段亦可被設計成會有顯著彈性變形,其中變形作用會對該等區段賦予一永久性定型。對於實用的接頭來說,通常會因為接頭安裝到管上及繫結件上緊而有某種程度的塑性變形及彈性變形發生在其區段中。此外,當區段12和14處於未變形狀態(圖2),凸耳24和26可相互相對呈斜角取向。約不超過10°的相對角62是合用的。如圖3所示,凸耳24和26之相對斜角取向隨區段之變形而減小,且其幾何形狀可被設計為使該等凸耳在拱形表面32和34大致符合於外表面20和22時就會大致平行。此為較佳係因為在完全旋緊時,螺栓頭和螺母會與凸耳大致平貼接觸,藉此避免在螺栓內誘發可能導致螺栓永久性變形的彎矩。封件44亦因此程序而變形,如圖1B所示,使唇狀部46與管元件外表面20和22完全接合。由於封件44是大致不可壓縮的,其必須具備在被該等區段壓縮時可供其膨脹的空間。此空間係由一位在背壁40內、介於側壁38之間的凹部64提供。凹部64幾乎可採取任何實用形狀且接受該封件被加熱或暴露於流體時發生的體積變化,藉此使該封件之變形更為平均地分佈於其周長並且減輕該封件從區段之間及凸耳之間往外擠出的傾向。在有舌狀部48的情況中,該凹部亦防止該舌狀部被迫侵入管元件的末端之間阻礙流動。
如圖2和3所示,就預先組裝的接頭10來說,最好將螺母30保持在螺栓28上之一會使區段12和14維持於由該等區段與封件44間之接觸決定的期望分隔關係的位置。這藉由使螺栓28之螺紋29變形、較佳藉由樁式接合(staking)而便利地達成。樁式接合該等螺栓會妨礙螺母旋轉並且防止螺母在例如運輸期間的振動作用下從螺栓鬆脫,並且使接頭在安裝作業前保持所有零件都在一起的預先組裝狀態下。此樁式接合在螺母被一扳手旋緊時即可克服。
該等區段之彎曲剛度可經調整以控制使其變形所需要的力量以便減小必要組裝扭矩並且減輕螺母與凸耳之間的磨損。如圖6所示,加大彎曲撓度的區域66可藉由減少區段12和14之面積慣性矩而形成於該等區段的殼體36內。此種減少較佳是藉由在背壁40及拱形表面32和34其中一種或兩種增添一或多個缺口68而達成。
另一選擇,如圖7所示,該等區段可具有包含向內突出之齒69的拱形表面32和34(圖中未示)。齒69接合於管元件之外表面以提供機械式約束,且在用於平口管元件時特別有利。齒69可為大致連續的,如區段14上所示,或者是間斷的,如區段12上所示。單一個齒亦屬可行,這最好用在小型接頭。如圖7A所示,齒69亦可為被成對地排列在區段之對向側上以提高由接頭提供的機械式約束。
雖說以上所述依據本發明之接頭係由二個區段組成,此僅為一實例。具備二以上之區段的接頭對於較大直徑的管來說亦屬可行且會因為製造成本而為較佳,因為縮減區段之大小會有經濟效益。另一優點在於凸耳之間的間距減小,要求螺母轉動較少圈及較短的螺栓。藉此可在安裝期間使用標準深度的插口。圖8示出一接頭實施例72的實例,其具有四個與前文所述相似的區段74。
在迄今所示接頭當中,所有拱形表面具有大致相同的曲率半徑。雖說此一構造適合用來將具有大致相同直徑之管相互連結,圖9示出一用於連結不同直徑之管元件的接頭實施例76。接頭76由二個區段78和80組成(但其亦可有二以上的區段)。每一區段有一具有一第一曲率半徑84的第一拱形表面82,及一具有小於第一曲率半徑84之一第二曲率半徑88的第二拱形表面86。此允許接頭76將一具有一較大直徑之管元件90接合於一具有一較小直徑之管元件92。類似於前文所述接頭,曲率半徑84大於管元件90之外表面的曲率半徑,且曲率半徑88大於管元件92的曲率半徑。這種幾何關係允許管元件90和92被插入一預先組裝的接頭76內並且實現本發明的好處。接頭區段78和80在被可調整連接構件施力之後變形以在拱形表面接合於管元件時使其曲率半徑符合於管元件之外表面。
在一較佳實施例中,如圖10所示,接頭10之向內突出的拱形表面32和34接合於形成在管元件末端部分16a和18a之外表面20和22內的溝槽94。拱形表面32和34與其相應溝槽94之間的交互作用許可該接頭提供相對較強的末端約束以承受因內部壓力或外界負載所致的力。為提供較強末端約束效果,頃發現增添第二組拱形表面與管元件內之第二組溝槽進行交互作用是有效的。此實施例示於圖11,其中一接頭96由區段98和100組成,每一區段具有從區段往內突出的兩對拱形表面102和104。該等拱形表面對相互間呈大致平行分隔的關係,並且接合於在可由其連接在一起之管元件108和110之表面內的成對溝槽106。
在另一實施例中,如圖12所示,依據本發明之接頭譬如10可用於具有被區段12和14之拱形表面32和34接合之高起周向肩部116的管元件112和114。另一選擇,如圖13所示,一依據本發明具有包含相應拱形表面124和126之區段120和122的接頭118被用於具有擴口末端部分132和134的管元件128和130。要注意到在圖9-13所示範例實施例中,封件44具有被有效地用來使管末端在插入後定位於該接頭內的舌狀部48,該舌狀部當作一管擋塊以協助將管末端定位在接頭內正確深度之處。
另一接頭實施例136示於圖14。接頭136由二個區段138和140組成,凸耳142和144從此二區段伸出,該等凸耳與繫結件146合作當作連接構件以將一接頭區段可調整地連接至另一區段。如前所述,每一區段具有一對拱形表面148、150,每一拱形表面較佳從區段徑向向內地突出。該等拱形表面正對著一小於180°的角152,而且具有一大於該接頭所要連結之管元件之曲率半徑的曲率半徑154。防轉齒70被定位在該等拱形表面附近且徑向向內地突出以接合於該等管元件並提供額外的扭轉剛度。
如圖14最佳所示,每一區段138和140具有位在凸耳142和144每一者附近的一對斜角取向表面部分156和158。如圖所示,表面部分156之斜率可為相反於同一區段上之表面部分158之斜率。(兩表面亦可為以相同方向傾斜。)此種一區段上之表面間的相反斜率關係導致具有可相稱斜率的表面如圖15所示在一預先組裝的接頭內被定位成相面對關係。當繫結件146被上緊,使該等拱形表面符合於管元件之外表面,每一區段上的斜角表面部分156和158相互相對地接合及滑動,導致該等區段拉到一起且以一被定向為大致垂直於被連結管元件之軸線的軸線160為中心以相反方向相互相對地轉動。區段138和140的這些運動導致拱形表面148和150如先前所述接合於管元件的溝槽並且對接合處之所有軸線增添剛度。對於具有包含相同斜率之表面部分的接頭區段來說,接頭在相似效應下隨管相互相對以相反方向移動。
如圖16之剖面圖所示,構成接頭136之區段138和140有一由殼體164界定的通道162。該殼體係由一背壁166及多個側壁168構成,且接收一封件170,該封件的大小被設定為用來將區段138和140定位成分隔關係以便允許管元件插入圖14所示預先組裝的接頭內。一凹部172被提供在背壁內以提供一用於該封件被加熱或暴露於流體時發生之體積變化的空間,並且防止舌狀部48被迫侵入管元件的末端之間及因為封件壓縮而阻礙流動。
在另一接頭實施例中,如圖17所示,接頭174再次是由至少二接頭區段176和178組成,每一區段如前所述具有向內突出的拱形表面180。但是,拱形表面180具有位在相反端處的凹口182和184。凹口182和184在該接頭之3點鐘及9點鐘位置提供空隙,這兩處是許可管元件插入預先組裝接頭174內的最需要凹口之處。在這些位置提供加大空隙的可用性允許接頭區段176和178比起未在表面末端提供空隙之情況於預先組裝構造中分隔更小。藉由具有更靠在一起之預先組裝接頭區段,使拱形表面符合於管元件外表面所需要的變形量會減小,因此也會使上緊繫結件所需要的能量減小。
依據本發明之另一接頭實施例192示於圖18。接頭192包括一圍繞一中央空間196的拱形箍194。箍194具有被定位成相互面對關係的相反端198和200。末端198和200在預先組裝的接頭中呈分隔關係且有連接構件安裝於其上,此等連接構件最好呈適於接收一繫結件譬如螺栓206和螺母208之凸耳202和204的樣式。在管元件已經插入中央空間196內之後,螺栓和螺母與凸耳合作使箍194變形且將末端198和200互朝對方帶動以連結成端對端關係。箍194有一對拱形表面210,圖中僅可看到其一表面。該等拱形表面如同圖10所示及前文就其他實施例所述以相互之長度向呈分隔關係。拱形表面210具有一大於該接頭將要連結在一起之管末端之外表面的曲率半徑。這種幾何構造以及末端198和200的分隔允許管元件被插入中央空間196內。在螺母208被旋緊後,箍194變形致使拱形表面210之曲率半徑被迫符合於其所接合之管元件之外表面的曲率半徑。要注意到在預先組裝的狀態下,凸耳202和204最好相互相對成斜角取向,有一約不超過20°的相對角212。繫結件之上緊作用會將該等凸耳互朝對方拉近,導致相對角212減小,最好達到該等凸耳大致相互平行的程度。這對於不依賴管元件形成一反應點以造成與螺栓聯合之變形作用的可撓接頭來說特別有利,在反應點遭致的摩擦作用會抑制可撓性。
接頭192包含一被定位在箍194內介於拱形表面210之間的封件214。封件214可為與圖4和5所示相似者,且其大小被設定為用來接收管元件以在該箍變形時造成一流體密封效果。
接頭192之彎曲撓度可藉由削減箍194之面積慣性矩而予以調整。此種調整可藉由在該箍內定出缺口216而達成。另一選擇,如圖19所示,可將一鉸鏈218提供在末端198和200之間。鉸鏈218最好被定位為對該箍之兩端等距且提供無限彎曲撓度,減低要將末端198和200互朝對方拉近而必須在繫結件上施加的扭矩。箍194將依然會變形讓拱形表面210接合於管元件外表面以使得該等表面之半徑符合於管元件外表面的半徑。在有鉸鏈存在時,封件214的大小被設定為便於將凸耳202和204維持在分隔關係讓管元件得以插入。就上述接頭之有鉸鏈和無鉸鏈兩種版本來說,拱形表面最好從箍徑向向內地突出,且可具有相互不同的曲率半徑,如圖9所示,藉以允許接頭192被用來連結不同直徑的管。
圖20示出一預先組裝的接頭220,其不依賴封件222將其區段224和226維持在分隔關係且已備便接收管元件譬如228。接頭220具有在區段224和226之間延伸的隔片230並且維持該等區段處於分隔關係。在此範例實施例中,隔片230包括可潰縮套管232,其被定位在從該等區段伸出的相面對凸耳234和236之間。套管232較佳具有薄壁及圓形橫截面,且被排列為同軸地圍繞著繫結件238。該等套管可由輕量金屬或是一聚合物材料譬如聚丙烯製成,且可在其表面有刻痕240以創造出促進套管在繫結件238施加之壓縮負載下發生潰縮的弱化區。其他材料譬如紙板及橡膠同樣可用。該等套管被設計成其強度足以在運輸、搬運及安裝期間支撐該等區段維持分隔關係,但會在一技工可能施加(較佳是用一扳手以手動上緊繫結伴)之一預定壓縮負載下潰縮。
在使用中,將待被端對端地連結的管元件安插在區段224和226之間。然後上緊繫結件238使該等區段互朝對方拉近並與該等管元件達到接合。繫結件之上緊作用使套管232處於一壓縮負載下,且該等套管在預定負載被達到時會如圖21所示挫曲潰縮以允許該等區段互朝對方移動且接合於該等管元件而達成連結作用。
位在該等區段之間的隔片可用於任何類型的機械接頭。要注意到在圖20和21中,區段224和226具有拱形表面242,其曲率半徑大致同於其被設計要接合之管元件228之外表面的曲率半徑。為了在管元件228與區段之間提供允許該管元件插入接頭內的空隙且同時仍維持一合理繫結件長度,將凹口244和246定位在拱形表面242之相反端,如圖20最佳所示。該等凹口在該接頭之3點鐘及9點鐘位置提供空隙以許可管元件被插入預先組裝接頭220內。
圖22示出另一接頭實施例254,其中在組成該接頭的區段256和258之間具有隔片230。在此實例中,隔片230包括套管260,其再次被定位為與繫結件262同軸而且位在從該等區段伸出的相面對凸耳264和266之間。套管260具有起皺處268,其促進此等套管在受到上緊繫結件所施加之壓縮負載時的潰縮作用。要注意到區段256和258與前文就圖1和2所述者相似,其中區段之拱形表面具有一大於管元件的曲率半徑。
用於將接頭區段維持在分隔關係之一隔片的另一實例示於圖23。接頭270由區段272和274組成,該等區段具有當該接頭被預先組裝時呈相面對關係的向外突出凸耳266和264。該等區段由在該等凸耳之間延伸的繫結件280固持在一起。較佳呈塊狀本體284之樣式的隔片282被定位在凸耳266和264之間。本體284可從該等凸耳之間移除以允許該繫結件被上緊並將該等區段拉近至與待連結的管元件接合。
本體284被可釋地附接至該等區段,例如藉由與凸耳266和264之間的摩擦固持。可撓、彈性材料特別適合構成此等本體,因為用此等材料構成的本體會提供充分強度和剛度使接頭在粗暴的搬運期間維持分隔關係,但可輕易變形以供視需要輕易移除。若利用聚合物材料構成此等本體,其可藉由在本體與區段之間提供一可釋結合作用的熱熔方式或黏著劑而黏附於凸耳。
圖24示出一不可變形接頭實施例286,其利用隔片288將接頭區段290和292維持在分隔關係使得管元件可被插入處於如圖所示預先組裝狀態下的該等區段之間。接頭286沒有會提供空隙促進管元件插入區段間達成端對端關係的凹口或是其他特徵,其係依靠隔片提供充分間隔以得到足夠的空隙。隔片288可與前文所述者相似。
依據本發明之隔片亦可用於其他多種接頭類型。如圖19所示,一隔片288可被用在有鉸鏈接頭實施例192將凸耳202和204維持在分隔關係,使得管元件得以插入。雖然圖中所示是一管狀隔片,應理解到本說明書中所述隔片之任一者均可用於此接頭。
圖25示出一用於將有凸緣管連結至無凸緣管、例如有溝槽或平口管的轉接接頭294。接頭294包括接頭區段296和298,每一區段在一側上有一徑向延伸凸緣300且在相反側上有一拱形表面302。區段296和298由隔片304將其保持在分隔關係,此隔片可包括一可潰縮管狀隔片306或是一可移除隔片308,或是本說明書提及的其他隔片類型。
圖26示出其他適於將接頭區段312和314維持在分隔關係的隔片實施例310類型。隔片310包括彈簧元件,其在遭受到由繫結件316施加之一壓縮力時變形、最好是大致彈性地變形。彈簧元件可採取多種樣式之任一者,例如是一彈性橡膠筒318或是一盤簧320。將彈簧元件用於隔片允許精細控制將區段互朝對方拉近所需要的力,且在此等彈簧元件之變形是大致彈性的時不需要如本說明書所述之實質拆解即促成此等接頭的再利用。
希望如本說明書所述之具有隔片的接頭亦可包含諸如以下所列的特徵:揭示於美國專利第6,170,884號及6,302,450號之舌狀部及凹穴;如美國專利第3,362,730號所揭示之併入一區段內的出口;如美國專利第2,439,979號、3,024,046號、5,911,446號及6,302,450號所揭示之不使用溝槽的平口接頭,上述專利之內容均以引用的方式併入本文中。
依據本發明之使用隔片的機械管接頭提供快速且確實的創造一管接合處之安裝作業,同時免除部分地或徹底地分解然後重新組裝接頭並處理個別零件的需求。
10...管接頭
12...區段
14...區段
16...管元件
16a...末端部分
18...管元件
18a...末端部分
20...外表面
22...外表面
24...凸耳
26...凸耳
28...螺栓
29...螺紋
30...螺母
32...拱形表面
34...拱形表面
36...殼體
38...側壁
40...背壁
42...通道
44...封件
46...唇狀部
48...舌狀部
60...間隙
64...凹部
66...加大彎曲撓度的區域
68...缺口
69...齒
70...防轉齒
72...接頭
74...區段
76...接頭
78...區段
80...區段
82...第一拱形表面
86...第二拱形表面
90...較大直徑管元件
92...較小直徑管元件
94...溝槽
96...接頭
98...區段
100...區段
102...拱形表面
104...拱形表面
106...溝槽
108...管元件
110...管元件
112...管元件
114...管元件
116...高起周向肩部
118...接頭
120...區段
122...區段
124...拱形表面
126...拱形表面
128...管元件
130...管元件
132...擴口末端部分
134...擴口末端部分
136...接頭
138...區段
140...區段
142...凸耳
144...凸耳
146...繫結件
148...拱形表面
150...拱形表面
156...斜角取向表面部分
158...斜角取向表面部分
162...通道
164...殼體
166...背壁
168...側壁
170...封件
172...凹部
174...接頭
176...區段
178...區段
180...拱形表面
182...凹口
184...凹口
192...接頭
194...拱形箍
196...中央空間
198...末端
200...末端
202...凸耳
204...凸耳
206...螺栓
208...螺母
210...拱形表面
214...封件
216...缺口
218...鉸鏈
220...接頭
222...封件
224...區段
226...區段
228...管元件
230...隔片
232...可潰縮套管
234...凸耳
236...凸耳
238...繫結件
240...刻痕
242...拱形表面
244...凹口
246...凹口
254...接頭
256...區段
258...區段
260...套管
262...繫結件
264...凸耳
266...凸耳
268...起皺處
270...接頭
272...區段
274...區段
280...繫結件
282...隔片
284...塊狀本體
286...不可變形接頭
288...隔片
290...區段
292...區段
294...轉接接頭
296...區段
298...區段
300...凸緣
302...拱形表面
304...隔片
306...可潰縮管狀隔片
308...可移除隔片
310...隔片
312...接頭區段
314...接頭區段
316...繫結件
318...橡膠筒
320...盤簧
圖1、1A及1B是依據本發明之一可變形機械管接頭的縱向剖面圖;圖2和3是圖1所示管接頭的局部剖面圖;圖4和5是用於依據本發明之管接頭的封件的部分剖除透視圖;圖6-7和8是依據本發明之不同管接頭實施例的軸向視圖;圖7A和9-13是依據本發明之管接頭實施例的縱向剖面圖;圖14是一依據本發明之管接頭的透視圖;圖15是一圖14所示管接頭的側視圖;圖16是一在圖14之線16-16取得的剖面圖;圖17是一依據本發明之管接頭實施例的部分剖除透視圖;圖18是一依據本發明之管接頭實施例的軸向視圖;圖19是一依據本發明之管接頭實施例的軸向視圖;圖20是一依據本發明之管接頭實施例的部分剖除軸向視圖;圖21是一圖20所示管接頭的局部剖面圖;圖22是一依據本發明之管接頭實施例的部分剖除軸向視圖;圖23是一依據本發明之管接頭實施例的軸向視圖;且圖24-26是依據本發明之管接頭實施例的軸向視圖。
10...管接頭
12...區段
14...區段
16...管元件
16a...末端部分
18...管元件
18a...末端部分
20...外表面
22...外表面
32...拱形表面
34...拱形表面
36...殼體
38...側壁
40...背壁
42...通道
44...封件
64...凹部
Claims (35)
- 一種管接頭,其可被定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分藉以將該等管元件固定在一起呈端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中該管接頭包括:複數個接頭區段,每一接頭區段具有適於與該等管元件之圓柱形輪廓外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間於長度方向上呈分隔關係;每一該接頭區段具有用來使一接頭區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件;一被定位在該等接頭區段之間的隔片,該隔片用於將該等接頭區段維持在足以允許該等管元件之該等末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間成端對端關係的預定分隔關係;且該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等區段拉到一起,該隔片被建構為在該等管元件之該等末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間呈端對端關係時允許該等連接構件上緊以許可該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之該等外表面,並可因該等連接構件之上緊作用所造成之一預定壓縮力的施加下潰縮,該隔片之潰縮許可該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之該等外表面。
- 如請求項1之管接頭,其中該隔片包括一被定位在該等連接構件之間的套管。
- 如請求項1之管接頭,其中該套管有一圓形橫截面。
- 如請求項1之管接頭,其中該套管由一聚合物材料構成。
- 如請求項1之管接頭,其中該套管經起皺處理。
- 如請求項2之管接頭,其中該套管經刻痕以提供一促進該套管在該等連接構件上緊後潰縮的弱化區。
- 如請求項1之管接頭,其中該等拱形表面之至少一者正對著一小於180°的角度,且具有一大於該等管元件之該等外表面之曲率半徑的曲率半徑,該等區段之至少一者可因該等連接構件之可調上緊作用而變形以便使該等拱形表面之曲率符合於該等管元件之外表面。
- 如請求項1之管接頭,其中該等拱形表面從該等區段徑向向內地突出,至少一凹口被形成於該等拱形表面之至少一者內緊鄰該區段之一端,當該等區段處於該預定分隔關係,該凹口提供讓該等管元件之該等末端部分插入該等區段之間的空隙。
- 一種管接頭,其可被定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分藉以將該等管元件固定在一起呈端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中該管接頭包括:複數個接頭區段,每一接頭區段具有適於與該等管元件之圓柱形輪廓外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間於長度方向上呈分隔關係;每一該接頭區段具有用來使一接頭區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件; 一被定位在該等接頭區段之間的隔片,該隔片用於將該等接頭區段維持在足以允許該等管元件之該等末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間成端對端關係的預定分隔關係,該隔片被建構為可從該等區段之間移除,該隔片之移除允許該等連接構件上緊,許可該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之該等外表面。
- 如請求項9之管接頭,其中該隔片包括一被定位在該等連接構件之間的塊狀本體。
- 如請求項10之管接頭,其中該塊狀本體被可釋地附接至該等連接構件之一者。
- 如請求項9之管接頭,其中該等拱形表面之至少一者正對著一小於180°的角度,且具有一大於該等管元件之該等外表面之曲率半徑的曲率半徑,該等區段之至少一者可因該等連接構件之可調上緊作用而變形以便使該等拱形表面之曲率符合於該等管元件之外表面。
- 如請求項9之管接頭,其中該等拱形表面從該等區段徑向向內地突出,至少一凹口被形成於該等拱形表面之至少一者內緊鄰該區段之一端,當該等區段處於該預定分隔關係,該凹口提供讓該等管元件之該等末端部分插入該等區段之間的空隙。
- 一種管接頭,其可被定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分藉以將該等管元件固定在一起呈端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中該管接頭包括: 第一和第二接頭區段,每一接頭區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間於長度方向上呈分隔關係;每一該接頭區段具有從其相反端往外突出的一對凸耳,該第一區段上之該等凸耳與該第二區段上之該等凸耳成相面對關係;一對繫結件,其在呈該相面對關係之該等凸耳的每一者之間延伸;一對隔片,各隔片被定位在呈相面對關係之該等凸耳的每一者之間,該等隔片將該等接頭區段維持在足以允許該等管元件之該等末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間成端對端關係的預定分隔關係;且該等繫結件可抵住該等凸耳被調整上緊以將該等區段拉到一起,該等隔片可回應於該等繫結件之上緊作用而潰縮以在該等管元件之該等末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間成該端對端關係時,許可該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之該等外表面。
- 如請求項14之管接頭,其中該等隔片包括在呈該相面對關係之該等凸耳之間延伸的第一和第二套管。
- 如請求項15之管接頭,其中該等套管被定位為圍繞著該等繫結件。
- 如請求項16之管接頭,其中該等繫結件被同軸地定位在該等套管內。
- 如請求項15之管接頭,其中該等套管具有一大致圓形橫 截面。
- 如請求項15之管接頭,其中該等套管經起皺處理。
- 如請求項14之管接頭,其中該隔片包括一彈簧元件。
- 如請求項20之管接頭,其中該彈簧元件可在該凸耳之上緊作用下大致彈性變形。
- 如請求項14之管接頭,其中該等拱形表面正對著一小於180°的角度,且具有一大於該等管元件之該等外表面之曲率半徑的曲率半徑,該等區段可在該等隔片潰縮後因該等繫結件之可調上緊作用而變形,以便使該等拱形表面之曲率符合於該等管元件之外表面。
- 如請求項14之管接頭,包括該等接頭區段之該等的第一和第二者,該等拱形表面從該等區段徑向向內地突出,一對凹口被形成於該等拱形表面之每一者內緊鄰該區段之每一端,當該等區段處於該預定分隔關係時,該等凹口提供讓該等管元件之該等末端部分插入該等區段之間的空隙。
- 一種管接頭,其可被定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分藉以將該等管元件固定在一起呈端對端關係,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,且其中該管接頭包括:第一和第二接頭區段,每一接頭區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的一對拱形表面,該等拱形表面相互間於長度方向上呈分隔關係;每一該接頭區段具有從其相反端往外突出的一對凸 耳,該第一區段上之該等凸耳與該第二區段上之該等凸耳成相面對關係;一對繫結件,其延伸於呈相面對關係之該等凸耳的每一者之間;一對隔片,各隔片被定位在呈該相面對關係之該等凸耳的每一者之間,該等隔片將該等接頭區段維持在預定分隔關係以便允許該等管元件之該等末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間成該端對端關係;且該等繫結件可抵住該等凸耳被調整上緊以將該等區段拉到一起,該等隔片可移離該等凸耳之間以許可該等區段因該等繫結件之上緊作用而被拉到一起,該等拱形表面在該等管元件之該等末端部分被插入該等接頭區段之間成該端對端關係時因該等繫結件之上緊作用而接合於該等管元件之該等外表面。
- 如請求項24之管接頭,其中該等隔片被可釋地附接至該等區段。
- 如請求項24之管接頭,其中該等隔片包括被定位在呈該相面對關係之該等凸耳之間的塊狀本體。
- 如請求項26之管接頭,其中該等塊狀本體被可釋地附接至該等凸耳。
- 如請求項24之管接頭,其中該等拱形表面正對著一小於180°的角度,且具有一大於該等管元件之該等外表面之曲率半徑的曲率半徑,該等區段可在該等隔片移離該等區段之間後因該等繫結件之可調上緊作用而變形,以便使 該等拱形表面之曲率符合於該等管元件之外表面。
- 如請求項24之管接頭,包括該等接頭區段之第一和第二者,該等拱形表面從該等區段徑向向內地突出,一對凹口被形成於該等拱形表面之每一者內緊鄰該區段之每一端,當該等區段處於該預定分隔關係時,該等凹口提供讓該等管元件之該等末端部分插入該等區段之間的空隙。
- 一種管接頭,其可被定位為跨置於一對管元件之相向末端部分,藉以將該等管元件相互固定成端對端關係,其中該等管元件之一者之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面且該另一管元件在其上有一末端凸緣,該接頭包括:複數個接頭區段,該等接頭區段之每一者具有一適於與該一管元件之外表面接界的拱形表面,一凸緣被安裝在該等接頭區段之每一者上與該拱形表面成分隔關係,該凸緣徑向向外延伸且可與該另一管元件之該末端凸緣接合;該等接頭區段之每一者更具有用來使一接頭區段可調整地連接至另一區段的連接構件,該等連接構件可被調整上緊以將該等區段之該等拱形表面拉到與該一管元件之外表面接合且將該等凸緣拉到與該末端凸緣對準;一被定位在該等接頭區段之二者間的隔片,該隔片用於將該等拱形表面維持在一足以允許該一管元件被插入該等接頭區段之間的預定分隔關係;其中 該隔片被建構為允許該連接構件上緊以許可該等拱形表面接合於該一管元件之該外表面且許可該等凸緣對準該末端凸緣而達成該等管元件呈該端對端關係的連接。
- 如請求項30之管接頭,其中該隔片被建構為可在因該連接構件之上緊作用而造成之一預定壓縮力的施加下潰縮,該隔片之潰縮許可該等拱形表面接合於該一管元件之該等外表面且許可該等凸緣對準該另一管元件之該末端凸緣。
- 如請求項30之管接頭,其中該隔片被建構為可從該等區段之間移除,該隔片之移除允許該等連接構件上緊,許可該等拱形表面接合於該一管元件之該等外表面且許可該等凸緣對準該另一管元件之該末端凸緣。
- 如請求項30之管接頭,其中該隔片包括一彈簧元件,該彈簧元件可因該連接構件之上緊作用而變形,該隔片之變形許可該等拱形表面接合於該一管元件之該等外表面且許可該等凸緣對準該另一管元件之該末端凸緣。
- 一種用以將管元件之相向末端部分固定在一起呈端對端關係的方法,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,該方法包括以下步驟:提供一管接頭,其有複數個接頭區段端對端地相互連接而圍繞一中央空間,該等接頭區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等接頭區段藉由一被定位在該等接頭區段之二者間的隔片而被維持在預定分隔關係,該隔片被建構為允許該等區段被互朝對方拉 近,並可在壓縮負載下潰縮以允許該等區段被互朝對方拉近,該方法更包含使該隔片潰縮的步驟;將該等管元件之該等末端部分插入該中央空間內;且將該等接頭區段互朝對方充分拉近以使該接頭之該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之該等外表面。
- 一種用以將管元件之相向末端部分固定在一起呈端對端關係的方法,其中該等管元件之該等末端部分具有一大致圓柱形輪廓的外表面,該方法包括以下步驟:提供一管接頭,其有複數個接頭區段端對端地相互連接而圍繞一中央空間,該等接頭區段具有適於與該等管元件之外表面接界的拱形表面,該等接頭區段藉由一被定位在該等接頭區段之二者間的隔片而被維持在預定分隔關係,該隔片被建構為允許該等區段被互朝對方拉近,該隔片被建構為可從該等區段之間移除以允許該等區段被互朝對方拉近,該方法更包含移除該隔片的步驟;將該等管元件之該等末端部分插入該中央空間內;且將該等接頭區段互朝對方充分拉近以使該接頭之該等拱形表面接合於該等管元件之該等外表面。
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US57159604P | 2004-05-14 | 2004-05-14 | |
US11/125,430 US7401819B2 (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-10 | Mechanical pipe coupling having spacers |
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TWI424128B true TWI424128B (zh) | 2014-01-21 |
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TW094115832A TWI370880B (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | Deformable mechanical pipe coupling |
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TW094115729A TWI424128B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有隔片之機械管接頭 |
TW094115730A TWI317001B (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | Method for joining pipe elements in end to end relation |
TW098103039A TWI441996B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 可互聯的管聯結件區段、管聯結件及由一管聯結件與一對管元件組成的組合 |
TW094115819A TWI391594B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有壓縮環之管接頭 |
TW100102333A TWI467105B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 將管元件端對端固定的方法 |
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TW094115832A TWI370880B (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | Deformable mechanical pipe coupling |
TW094115732A TWI429841B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有管餘隙缺口的機械管聯結器 |
TW094115836A TWI385331B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 用於管聯結器之密封構件 |
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TW098103039A TWI441996B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 可互聯的管聯結件區段、管聯結件及由一管聯結件與一對管元件組成的組合 |
TW094115819A TWI391594B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 具有壓縮環之管接頭 |
TW100102333A TWI467105B (zh) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-05-16 | 將管元件端對端固定的方法 |
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