KR20030022118A - 초입자 도구를 이용한 마찰교반용접 - Google Patents
초입자 도구를 이용한 마찰교반용접 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20030022118A KR20030022118A KR1020027014950A KR20027014950A KR20030022118A KR 20030022118 A KR20030022118 A KR 20030022118A KR 1020027014950 A KR1020027014950 A KR 1020027014950A KR 20027014950 A KR20027014950 A KR 20027014950A KR 20030022118 A KR20030022118 A KR 20030022118A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
- B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (52)
- 금속 매트릭스 복합물(MMC), 철합금재, 비철합금재, 슈퍼합금재를 마찰교반용접할 수 있는 마찰교반용접 도구에서, 상기 마찰교반용접 도구는몸체에 대해서 숄더가 회전되지 않도록 몸체에 기계적으로 고정되는 숄더, 핀 및 몸체를 갖는 마찰교반용접 도구,숄더 및 핀의 한 부분에 있는 초입자 재료로 구성되는데, 초입자 재료는 제 1,2 상태를 갖으며, 초입자 재료는 초고온 초고압으로 제조되고, 마찰교반용접 도구는 MMC, 철합금재, 비철합금재, 슈퍼합금재를 마찰교반용접할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 도구는 주기율표 IIIA, IVA,VA,VIA,IIIB,IVB,VB의 요소로 된 혼합물로 된 재료들 중에서 선택된 초입자로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 도구는 초입자 재료로써 PCBN이나 PCD를 선택하는 것으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 초입자 재료가 부서지는 것을 방지하기 위해 휘스커 강화 초입자 재료를 이용하는 것으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 도구는 마찰교반용접의 화학적 마모 및 기계적 마모의 바람직한 균형을 얻기 위해 초입자 재료를 선택하는 것으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 도구는 몸체로 구성되는데, 몸체에 대한 재료는 초경 텅스텐 카바이드, 강철, 초입자 재료로 구성된 재료들 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 도구는 마찰교반용접 도구를 냉각시키기 위한 내부 냉각 시스템으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 도구는 초입자 코팅에 대해 배열된 제 2 재료로 구성되어, 제 2 재료의 특성이 초입자 코팅에 영향을 주는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 도구는 몸체 및 숄더 사이에 배열된 제 1 열유동 장벽으로 구성되어 숄더에서 몸체로 이동하는 열을 조절하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 9 항에 있어서, 도구는 고정 칼라로 구성되는데 고정 칼라는 숄더를 몸체에 기계적으로 고정시키는 역할을 하여 몸체에 대해서 숄더가 회전하지 않도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 10 항에 있어서, 도구는 몸체 및 숄더 부분과 고정칼라 사이에 배열된 제 1 열유동 장벽으로 구성되어, 숄더 및 몸체로부터 고정칼라에 열이 이동하는 것을 조절하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 제 1 열유동 장벽 및 제 2 열유동 장벽은 티타늄 합금으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 몸체는 숄더, 핀 및 고정칼라 보다 열전도성이 낮은 것으로 선택된 재료로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 13 항에 있어서, 몸체는 초경 텅스텐 카바이드, 텅스텐 합금, 강철, 몰리브덴 합금, 슈퍼합금재로 구성된 재료들 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 도구는 도구의 세로방향 축을 따라 배열된 최소한 하나의 표면 특성으로 구성되는데, 표면 특성은 고정칼라를 숄더 및 몸체를 동일한 상대적인 위치에 단단히 고정시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 15 항에 있어서, 도구는 플랫, 스플라인, 키웨이 및 키, 고정핀, 도브테일, 움푹한부분을 구성된 표면 특성들 중에서 최소한 하나의 표면특성을 선택하는 것으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 16 항에 있어서, 도구는 숄더부착단부 및 몸체작업단부 사이의 기계적 고정부로 구성되고, 기계적 고정부는 도브테일, 스플라인, 움푹한부분으로 구성된 기계적인 잠금부들 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 17 항에 있어서, 숄더는 작업엣지에 대해서 배열된 숄더 반지름으로 구성되며, 숄더 반지름은 초입자 재료에 갈라짐이 발생되는 것을 방지하는 역할을 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 18 항에 있어서, 몸체에 숄더를 스플라인, 고정핀, 도브테일 및 움푹한부분으로 기계적 고정수단들 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 19 항에 있어서, 도구는 고정칼라로 구성되며 고정칼라를 위해 선택된 재료는 슈퍼합금재인 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 20 항에 있어서, 도구는 고정칼라로 구성되며, 고정칼라를 위해 선택된 재료는 니켈-코발트 및 코발트-크롬으로 된 재료들 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로하는 도구.
- MMC, 철합금재, 비철합금재, 슈퍼합금재를 마찰교반용접할 수 있는 마찰교반용접 도구는 모놀리식장치인데, 상기 도구는샤프트부착단부 및 샤프트작업단부를 갖는 몸체,샤프트작업단부에 형성된 숄더로 구성되는데, 숄더는 숄더작업엣지를 갖고, 숄더작업엣지는 반지름으로 형성되며,상기 도구는 또한 숄더에 형성된 핀으로 구성되는데, 핀은 외부를 향해 연장된 숄더의 세로축에 평행하고 중심축이 같으며, 제 1 핀 반지름은 핀과 숄더 사이의 접합부에 형성되고, 제 2 핀 반지름은 핀작업엣지에 형성되며,상기 도구는 또한 숄더 및 핀의 한 영역에 배열된 초입자 재료로 구성되는데, 마찰교반용접 도구는 MMC, 철합금재, 비철합금재, 슈퍼합금재를 마찰교반용접할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- MMC, 철합금재, 비철합금재, 슈퍼합금재를 마찰교반용접하기 위한 방법은(1) 몸체, 숄더 및 핀을 갖는 마찰교반용접 도구를 제공하고,(2) 몸체에 대해서 숄더가 회전하는 것을 방지하기 위해 몸체에 숄더를 기계적으로 고정시키고,(3) 숄더 및 핀의 한 영역에 초입자 재료를 배열하는 것으로 구성되는데, 초입자 재료는 제 1,2 상태를 갖고, 초입자 재료는 초고온 및 초고압으로 제조되고,마찰교반용접 도구는 MMC, 철합금재, 비철합금재, 슈퍼합금재를 마찰교반용접할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 23 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 주기율표에서 IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA, IIIB, IVB, VB의 요소들로 된 혼합물로 구성된 재료들 중에서 초입자 재료를 선택하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 초입자 재료로써 PCBN 혹은 PCD를 선택하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 25 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 휘스커 강화 초입자 재료를 이용하여 초입자 재료가 부서지는 것을 막는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 26 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 제 1 상태의 재료와 제 2 상태의 재료를 비율적으로 갖는 초입자 재료를 선택하여 마찰교반용접 도구의 화학적 마모 및 기계적 마모 사이의 균형을 맞추는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 몸체에 대해서 경화된 재료를 선택하는 단계로 구성되는데, 몸체의 재료는 초경 텅스텐 카바이드, 강철, 초입자 재료로 된 재료들 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 제 2 재료의 특성을 초입자 코팅에 적용하기 위해 초입자 코팅에 대해서 제 2 재료를 배치하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, CVD, 이온주입, PVD로 구성된 방법을 중에서 선택하여 초입자 코팅에 대해서 제 2 재료를 적용하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 30 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 몸체 및 숄더 사이에 제 1 열유동 장벽을 배열하여 몸체 및 숄더 사이에서 열이 이동하는 것을 제어하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 31 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 몸체에 대해서 숄더를 기계적으로 고정시키기 위해 고정칼라를 제공하여 몸체에 대해서 숄더가 회전운동하지 못하도록 하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 32 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 숄더 및 몸체 영역 및 고정칼라 사이에 제 2 열유동 장벽을 제공하여 몸체 및 숄더로부터 고정칼라까지 열이 이동하는 것을 조절하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 33 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 제 1 열유동 장벽 및 제 2 열유동 장벽으로써 티타늄 합금을 제공하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 34 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 숄더, 핀, 고정칼라 보다 열 전도성이 낮은 몸체에 대한 재료를 선택하여 마찰교반도구 내에서 열이 이동하는 것을 제어하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 35 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 초경 텅스텐 카바이드, 텅스텐 합금, 강철, 몰리브덴 합금, 슈퍼합금재로 된 재료들 중에서 몸체에 대한 재료를 선택하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 36 항에 있어서, 작업단부에 배열된 숄더 반지름을 제공하여 숄더의 초입자 재료에 갈라짐이 점점 발생되는 것을 막는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 37 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 몸체에 대해서 숄더가 이동하지 못하도록 하기 위해 고정칼라에 대해서 슈퍼합금을 선택하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 38 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 니켈-코발트 및 코발트-크롬으로 된 슈퍼합금들 중에서 고정칼라에 대한 슈퍼합금을 선택하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 초입자 재료에 점진적으로 갈라짐이 발행하지 않도록 하기 위해 핀과 숄더에 응력 상승요소를 감소시키는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 40 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은(1) 실린더형으로 몸체를 형성하고,(2) 디스크 형태의 숄더를 제공하는 단계로 구성되는데,핀은 숄더의 통합요소이며, 핀은 일반적으로 실린더형이고, 핀은 숄더 및 세로축에 평행하고 중심축이 같은 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 41 항에 있어서, 몸체에 대해서 숄더가 회전하지 못하도록 하기 위해 몸체에 대해서 숄더를 기계적으로 고정시키는 고정칼라를 제공하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 낮은 마찰계수를 갖는 초입자 재료를 이용하여 용접을 하는 동안 마찰교반용접 도구에 재료가 붙지 않도록 하는 마찰교반용접 도구를 제공하여서 개선된 마찰교반용접을 하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 용접 특성을 제어하기 위해 핀의 길이에 대한 핀의 직경 비율을 제어하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은(1) 샤프트작업단부 및 샤프트부착단부를 갖는 몸체를 제공하는 단계로 구성되는데, 몸체보어구멍은 샤프트작업단부에서 샤프트부착단부까지 배열되고, 몸체보어구멍은 세로축에 대해서 중심축이 같으며,(2) 상기 방법은 디스크 형태의 숄더를 제공하는 단계로 구성되는데, 숄더구멍은 몸체보어구멍과 정렬되며, 숄더는 몸체에 연결되고, 숄더는 몸체에 기계적으로 고정되어서 몸체에 대해서 숄더가 회전하지 못하도록 하며,(3) 상기 방법은 몸체보어구멍에 부분적으로 배열되고 숄더구멍을 통해 배열된 핀을 제공하는 단계로 구성되는데, 핀의 한 영역은 숄더구멍 밖에 배열되고, 핀은 몸체에 기계적으로 고정되어서 몸체에 대해서 핀이 회전하는 것을 방지하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 용접을 특성을 개선시키기 위해 마찰교반용접을 하는 동안 핀 주변의 재료 유동율을 증가시키는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 46 항에 있어서, 핀 주변의 재료의 천이 혹은 난류를 발생시키는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 낮은 마찰계수를 갖는 초입자 재료를 이용하여 마찰교반용접 도구의 마모를 감소시키는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, MMC, 철합금재, 비철합금재, 슈퍼합금재를 마찰교반하는 방법은 마찰교반용접 도구의 열적 마모를 조절하기 위해 열관리를 이용하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 49 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 마찰교반용접 도구의 기계적 마모 및 화학적 마모를 줄이기 위해 초입자를 이용하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 51 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 마찰교반도구 내에서 열이 이동하는 것을 조절하기 위해 열유동장벽을 제공하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 51 항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 초입자를 이용하기 위해 마찰교반용접 도구의 기하학적인 모양을 제어하는 단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
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US20266500P | 2000-05-08 | 2000-05-08 | |
US60/202,665 | 2000-05-08 | ||
PCT/US2001/015083 WO2001085384A1 (en) | 2000-05-08 | 2001-05-08 | Friction stir weldin of metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys using a superabrasive tool |
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KR1020027014950A KR100815654B1 (ko) | 2000-05-08 | 2001-05-08 | 마찰교반용접 도구 및 마찰교반용접하기 위한 방법 |
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KR (2) | KR100815653B1 (ko) |
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