JP4826123B2 - 水素供給装置および水素供給方法 - Google Patents
水素供給装置および水素供給方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4826123B2 JP4826123B2 JP2005117677A JP2005117677A JP4826123B2 JP 4826123 B2 JP4826123 B2 JP 4826123B2 JP 2005117677 A JP2005117677 A JP 2005117677A JP 2005117677 A JP2005117677 A JP 2005117677A JP 4826123 B2 JP4826123 B2 JP 4826123B2
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- hydrogen supply
- joining
- separation membrane
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
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Description
以下、本発明の水素供給装置を説明する。
図1に水素分離膜を利用した水素供給装置のリアクタの構造を示した。図1(a)には基本的な構成である水素供給リアクタを、(b)には水素供給リアクタを積層した水素供給スタックを示した。
本発明のリアクタは複数組を組み合わせて水素供給スタックとすることができる。水素供給スタックは、図6に図示したように、触媒プレートの上下に水素分離膜を配置し、前記水素分離膜を触媒プレートの上下でサイズが異なるよう形成することが望ましい。また、前記水素分離膜と触媒プレートとの接合位置が触媒プレートの上面側と下面側で重複させないことが好ましい。触媒プレートの上下で接合位置が異なることとなるため、摩擦攪拌接合位置をずらすことができ、多層が積層した形態の水素供給装置を提供できる。
次に各部材を積層する接合法について説明する。本発明の水素製造装置には、所定の摩擦攪拌接合が最適である。
基板は触媒の水素発生の反応が吸熱であるため、Alなどの熱伝導の高い材料が用いられる。具体的には、銅,ニッケル,アルミニウム,チタン,ジルコニウム,ニオブなどの金属及びこれらの合金を用いることができる。基板表面には機械加工,エッチングなどにより形成された、燃料を流通されるための流路を有する。流路の表面には触媒層が形成されており、流路に供給された燃料が触媒と接する際に化学反応を生じ水素を発生する。
図2は本発明における実施例の接合後の写真である。(a)は界面の断面図、(b)は上面図、(c)は全体の断面図である。上板6と下板7の間には最大厚さ約1μmの反応層8が形成されていて金属的に上板6と下板7が接合されている。接合ツールを挿入した上面からみた表面には接合箇所にリップル形状が形成されている。(c)では、接合ツールの進行方向は左側である。
JIS規格A1050−Oの純アルミニウム表面に凹凸を設け、凹部に5wt%Pt/Al2O3触媒粉末(Pt粒子径:3nm)をコーティングした触媒プレート上に、Pd−Ag合金箔をのせ、ホットプレス内で真空加圧中、580℃で5時間放置して接合した。作成したサンプルを切断し引っ張り試験を行ったところ、AlとPd−Ag合金接合界面で剥離した。また、X線回折により触媒のPt粒子径を測定したところ10nmであった。このように、加圧加熱中では十分な接合強度を得ることができず、また長時間高温にさらされPt粒子が3nmから10nmまで粒子成長し、劣化を生じることがわかった。
0.1mm である。上板6の片面(下面側)には触媒14が塗布され、これを図4に示すような波状、あるいは三角形に繰り返し折返した形状として触媒プレート15を形成している。
摩擦攪拌接合は異種部材接合においては低融点の板面側よりツール挿入する必要があるため、Al基板面から接合を行う必要がある。従って、従来の構造では、基板と分離膜とを複数、摩擦攪拌接合することができない。
18(a)と18(b)の位置取りには限定はなく、いずれを内側に設定してもよい。
で接合する。これらを積層し接合部18(b)で接合し積層する。次いで、触媒プレート2と水素分離膜3を接合部18(a)で接合した部材をさらに積層して接合部(a)で接合して重ねていく。この操作を繰り返すことで水素供給スタックを作成した。水素供給スタックは図示しているように積層ごとに基板や水素分離膜のサイズが小さくなり、接合位置が重ならないようずれている。
反応装置と配管,配管と配管の継ぎ手などの接合においても、下記の課題がある。
100mm/min の速度で移動させ、配管から接合ツール19を引き抜いて接合を終了する。この時、接合ツール19との摩擦熱によって変形抵抗の低下した突起24の一部が、接合ツール19の回転及び軸方向への移動によって塑性流動させられ溝23を充填する。この時、突起25には突起24部材が溝23を越えて接合ツール前方へ塑性流動するのをせき止める効果があり、突起24自体に溝23を充填する役割は持たない。更に接合ツールによって溝23も含め、ショルダ20側面によって摩擦攪拌されることで十分に押圧される。これによって配管接合継手内面に摩擦攪拌接合層を付与するものである。
27を挿入し、配管27の外周と水素供給装置26との接続部31はレーザ溶接により溶接した。次に、配管27内面に接合ツール19を回転数1500rpm で回転させながら、100mm/min の移動速度で水素供給装置26側へ向かって挿入していき突起29を押圧する。これにより突起29は摩擦熱によって変形抵抗が低下していき塑性流動しやすい状態となる。更に接合ツールで押圧していくと、突起29金属が溝30へ充填されていく。そしてショルダ20が水素供給装置に達する手前で接合ツール19を引抜いて接合を終了する。この時、塑性流動した突起29金属と溝30との接触面において発生した摩擦熱が接合界面32の温度を上昇させ、両者間の金属が拡散反応により互いに拡散していき接合される。
103…廃液口、104…水素供給口、105…断熱材、108…マニホールド。
Claims (6)
- 触媒層を有する金属プレートと、水素分離膜とを、それぞれ複数有する水素供給装置であって、
前記金属プレートと水素分離膜とが異材からなる部材であって、前記金属プレートの上下に水素分離膜が配置された構造体が金属部材よりなるスペーサを介して積層された構成を備え、
前記金属プレートと前記水素分離膜は摩擦攪拌接合により接合されており、
前記水素分離膜と前記スペーサは摩擦攪拌接合により接合されており、
前記金属プレート、水素分離膜、及び、スペーサは、隣接する上下の部材との接合部が積層面に沿った方向で重ならない位置に設けられていることを特徴とする水素供給装置。 - 請求項1に記載された水素供給装置であって、
前記金属プレートと水素分離膜とがリップル形状を有する接合部により接合されていることを特徴とする水素供給装置。 - 請求項1または2のいずれかに記載された水素供給装置であって、
前記金属プレートの上面側に設けられた水素分離膜と、前記金属プレートの下面側に設けられた水素分離膜の大きさが異なることを特徴とする水素供給装置。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載された水素供給装置であって、
前記金属プレートは燃料の流路となる溝または水素ガスの流路となる溝を有し、前記接合部により流路が定められていることを特徴とする水素供給装置。 - 請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載された水素供給装置であって、
前記水素分離膜はPd,Nb,Zr,Taのうち少なくともいずれかを含む金属箔であることを特徴とする水素供給装置。 - 請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載された水素供給装置を基体上に複数個固定し、燃料を導入する流路および水素を導出する流路を設けたことを特徴とする水素供給モジュール。
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DE102006017046A DE102006017046B4 (de) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-11 | Wasserstoffversorgungseinrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
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JP5272320B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2013-08-28 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 水素供給装置とその製造方法、及びそれを用いた分散電源と自動車 |
JP5434075B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-26 | 2014-03-05 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 膜反応器 |
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DE102009008328A1 (de) * | 2009-02-10 | 2010-08-12 | Technische Universität Braunschweig Carolo-Wilhelmina | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum stoffschlüssigen Fügen von Metallfolien |
US20110274994A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Carrier Andrew J | Catalyst and Liquid Combination for a Thermally Regenerative Fuel Cell |
JP5740871B2 (ja) | 2010-08-31 | 2015-07-01 | スズキ株式会社 | 異種金属材料の接合方法及び異種金属材料接合体 |
WO2012054542A2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2012-04-26 | Velocys Corporation | Laminated, leak-resistant chemical processors, methods of making, and methods of operating |
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