WO2010074165A1 - 金属材の加工方法、金属材の加工方法によって加工された構造物及び回転ツール - Google Patents
金属材の加工方法、金属材の加工方法によって加工された構造物及び回転ツール Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010074165A1 WO2010074165A1 PCT/JP2009/071476 JP2009071476W WO2010074165A1 WO 2010074165 A1 WO2010074165 A1 WO 2010074165A1 JP 2009071476 W JP2009071476 W JP 2009071476W WO 2010074165 A1 WO2010074165 A1 WO 2010074165A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal material
- probe
- shoulder
- rotary tool
- processing method
- Prior art date
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- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 TiCN Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910008482 TiSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoniazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal material processing method, a structure processed by the metal material processing method, and a rotary tool, and in particular, a processing method for processing a metal material by friction stir welding, a rotary tool, and a structure processed by the processing method. Related to things.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a tip that can be replaced at the tip of a rotary tool is provided with a probe that can be replaced at the center, and the periphery thereof is friction stir welded by a rotary tool having a concave surface.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a friction stir welding tool that press-fits a probe pin extended from a tip surface of a rotating rotor into a joint portion of a member to be joined and friction stir welds the member to be joined at the joint portion.
- the rotor and the probe pin are integrally formed of cemented carbide and the locking portion is notched on the rear side of the rotor, while the locking portion is formed on the shank portion made of tool steel or die steel.
- a housing portion is provided for inserting the rear side of the rotor provided with the rotor, and the rear side of the rotor is inserted into the housing portion, and a screw is pressed against the locking portion of the rotor inserted into the housing portion for rotation.
- the friction stir welding tool of Patent Document 2 can reduce the cost by reducing the portion of the cemented carbide. Further, the friction stir welding tool disclosed in Patent Document 2 can easily replace only the one in which the rotor and the probe pin are integrally formed even when the rotor and the probe pin are worn. Furthermore, the friction stir welding tool of Patent Document 2 is prepared by preparing a plurality of probe pin diameters, lengths, etc., which can be used by appropriately changing them.
- the above-described technology has attempted to perform the friction stir welding better by improving the structure, size, shape, material, and the like of the rotary tool.
- the material and the like of an ideal rotary tool vary greatly depending on the metal composition to be joined by friction stir welding. Therefore, simply improving the structure, size, shape, material, etc. of the rotary tool can sufficiently improve the life of the rotary tool when performing friction stir welding on various metal materials. There is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a simple joint.
- the present invention is a metal material that can sufficiently improve the life of a rotary tool and obtain a better processed part even when performing friction stir welding on various metal materials. It is intended to provide a processing method.
- the present invention is a processing method of a metal material in which two metal materials are opposed to each other in a processing portion, and the tip of the rotary tool is inserted into the processing portion while rotating a rod-shaped rotating tool, and the two metal materials are processed.
- the tip of the rotary tool has a probe protruding at the center and a shoulder at the periphery, and the probe and the shoulder are made of different materials at least in the surface portion in contact with the metal material. It is.
- the probe and shoulder of the rotary tool are made of different materials at least on the surface portion in contact with the metal material, it is possible to cope with friction stir welding for various metal materials. This increases the possibility that the life of the rotary tool and the quality of the processed part can be improved.
- the end portions of the plate-like metal material are brought into contact with each other to form a joint portion, and the rotary tool is moved while rotating along the longitudinal direction of the joint portion.
- Friction stir welding that joins metal materials
- Spot friction stir welding where metal materials are overlapped at the joint, a rotating tool is inserted into the joint, and the rotating tool is rotated without moving at that location to join the metal materials together.
- Friction stir welding in which metal materials are overlapped at a joint, a rotary tool is inserted into the joint, and the rotary tool is moved while rotating along the longitudinal direction of the joint to join the metal materials together (1) includes four aspects and combinations of these - (4).
- the two metal materials are not simply joined at the processing portion, but the tip of a rod-shaped rotary tool is inserted into the processing portion to rotate the rotary tool. Processing for modifying the part is also included.
- the wear resistance of the probe is higher than the wear resistance of the shoulder.
- the adhesion of the probe to the metal material is higher than the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material.
- the adhesion of the probe to the metal material is higher than the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material, so that the stirring of the metal material is promoted and the volume of the stirring unit can be increased.
- the probe is Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf, or Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, It is preferable to be made of an alloy containing at least one of Zr and Hf by 50% by mass or more.
- the probe is made of at least one of Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf, or Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, By comprising an alloy containing at least one of Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf in an amount of 50% by mass or more, the wear resistance of the probe and the adhesion to a metal material can be sufficiently improved.
- the probe preferably includes at least one of Cr, Si, Mo, V, Al, Nb, Ti, and W.
- the probe includes at least one of Cr, Si, Mo, V, Al, Nb, Ti, and W which are ferrite stabilizing elements, thereby causing a ⁇ phase that causes a decrease in corrosion resistance in the processed portion. Generation can be suppressed.
- the shoulder is preferably made of any one of Si 3 N 4 and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
- the shoulder is made of either Si 3 N 4 or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, so that the adhesion of the probe to the metal material is higher than the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material. And stirring of a metal material is accelerated
- the probe and the shoulder can be rotated at different rotation speeds, and the probe rotation speed is higher than the shoulder rotation speed.
- the probe and the shoulder can be rotated at different rotation speeds, and the probe rotation speed is higher than the rotation speed of the shoulder, so that the probe can be moved at the center of the processing portion where high temperature is desired. It becomes possible to keep the temperature low by rotating the shoulder at a low speed for the entire processed part, which is desired to be heated to a high temperature and to keep the temperature low as a whole.
- the length protruding from the tip of the probe rotation tool can be changed.
- the rotating tool can be used continuously.
- the shoulder surface portion can be covered with a substance having lower adhesion to the metal material than the probe.
- the surface of the shoulder is covered with a material having a lower adhesiveness to the metal material than the probe, so that the material of the entire shoulder becomes the material of the probe. The effect equivalent to what was changed can be produced.
- the surface portion of the shoulder is Si 3 N 4 , BN, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SiC, B 4 C, NiO, SiAlON, AlN, TiAlN, TiN, CrN, TiCN, TiSiN, DLC, TiCrN, It can be covered with either TiAlSiN or AlCrSiN.
- the surface portion of the shoulder is Si 3 N 4 , BN, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SiC, B 4.
- the material of the entire shoulder is made of Si 3 N 4 or polycrystalline cubic nitriding An effect equivalent to that of boron can be achieved.
- the surface portion of the probe can be covered with a substance having higher adhesion to the metal material than the shoulder.
- the surface of the probe is covered with a substance having a higher adhesion to the metal material than the shoulder, so that the material of the entire probe is changed to the material of the shoulder.
- the effect equivalent to what was changed can be produced.
- the surface portion of the probe can be covered with a material having higher wear resistance against the metal material than the shoulder.
- the surface of the probe is covered with a material having higher wear resistance against the metal material than the shoulder, so that the material of the entire probe is made of the shoulder material. It is possible to produce the same effect as that changed.
- the metal material is stainless steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, Ni-base alloy, Ti, Co, Rh, Pd, Cu, Pt and Au, or stainless steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, Ni-base It is preferable to be made of an alloy, at least one of Ti, Co, Rh, Pd, Cu, Pt, and Au.
- the metal material is stainless steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, Ni-based alloy, Ti, Co, Rh, Pd, Cu, Pt and Au, or stainless steel.
- the rotating tool is likely to wear and the processing part is likely to be rough Even if it is included, wear of the rotary tool can be suppressed and roughening of the processed portion can be prevented.
- the structure processed by the metal material processing method of the present invention has a good processed portion and is excellent in mechanical properties.
- the present invention is used in a metal material processing method in which two metal materials are opposed to each other at a processing portion, and the tip of the rotary tool is inserted into the processing portion while rotating a rod-shaped rotary tool, thereby processing the two metal materials.
- a rotary tool, the tip of the rotary tool has a probe protruding at the center and a shoulder at the periphery, and the probe and the shoulder are rotary tools made of different materials at least on the surface portion in contact with the metal material. .
- the wear resistance of the probe is higher than the wear resistance of the shoulder because the life of the rotary tool can be improved.
- the adhesion of the probe to the metal material is higher than the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material.
- the adhesion of the probe to the metal material is higher than the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material, so that the stirring of the metal material is promoted and the volume of the stirring unit can be increased. Further, by making the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material lower than the adhesion of the probe to the metal material, it is possible to prevent the processed portion from being roughened by the shoulder passing through a wide range of the processed portion.
- the probe may be at least one of Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf, or Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, It is preferable to be made of an alloy containing at least one of Zr and Hf by 50% by mass or more in order to ensure high wear resistance and adhesion of a metal material.
- the probe should contain at least one of Cr, Si, Mo, V, Al, Nb, Ti, and W, which can suppress the generation of ⁇ phase that causes a decrease in corrosion resistance in the processed portion. It is.
- the shoulder is made of either Si 3 N 4 or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and the adhesion of the probe to the metal material is higher than the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material. This is preferable because the agitation is promoted and the volume of the agitation part can be increased. Further, the adhesion of the shoulder to the metal material is lower than the adhesion of the probe to the metal material, and the surface of the processed portion can be prevented from being roughened by the shoulder passing through a wide range of the processed portion.
- the probe and the shoulder can be rotated at different rotational speeds in order to obtain a good processed part.
- the length of the probe protruding from the tip of the rotating tool can be changed because the rotating tool can be used continuously.
- the surface portion of the shoulder is covered with a material having lower adhesion to the metal material than the probe, the same effect as that obtained by changing the material of the entire shoulder from the material of the probe can be obtained. Is preferred.
- the surface portion of the shoulder Si 3 N 4, BN, Al 2 O 3, ZrO 2, SiC, B 4 C, NiO, SiAlON, AlN, TiAlN, TiN, CrN, TiCN, TiSiN, DLC, TiCrN, TiAlSiN And AlCrSiN are preferable because the same effect as that obtained by using Si 3 N 4 or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride as the material of the entire shoulder can be obtained.
- the surface portion of the probe is covered with a material having higher adhesion to the metal material than the shoulder, so that the same effect as that obtained by changing the material of the entire probe to that of the shoulder can be obtained. Is preferred.
- the surface of the probe is covered with a material that is more resistant to metal than the shoulder, which can produce the same effect as changing the overall probe material to the shoulder material. This is preferable because it is possible.
- the life of the rotary tool is sufficiently improved and a better processed part is obtained. Is possible.
- the structure processed by the metal material processing method of the present invention has a good processed part and is excellent in mechanical characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a metal material joining method according to the first embodiment.
- the end portions of the plate-shaped metal materials 1 and 2 are butted together at the joint portion 3, and the rotating tool 10 a gripped by the chuck 20 is rotated, while the tip of the rotating tool 10 a is rotated.
- the shoulder 11 at the periphery is brought into contact with the joint 3 and the probe 12 at the center of the tip of the rotary tool 10a is inserted into the joint 3 to join the metal materials 1 and 2 together.
- a shield gas made of an inert gas such as Ar is supplied to the joint 3.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another aspect of the metal material joining method according to the first embodiment.
- the metal materials 1 and 2 are overlapped at the joint portion 3, and the rotating tool 10 a is inserted into the joint portion 3 through one metal material 1 while being rotated. Join each other.
- a shield gas made of an inert gas such as Ar is supplied to the joint portion 3.
- a light alloy material containing Al or the like can be applied, but in this embodiment, the wear of the rotary tool 10a and the roughness of the joint portion 3 are reduced.
- austenitic stainless steel such as SUS304, SUS301L, SUS316L
- ferritic stainless steel such as SUS430
- two-phase Stainless steel
- different materials can be applied as the metal materials 1 and 2 instead of the same material.
- joining of carbon steels such as joining of SS400 and S45C
- joining of carbon steel and stainless steel such as joining of SS400 and SUS304
- joining of light alloys such as joining of A5083 and AZ41
- the joining method of the present embodiment can perform joining, joining of aluminum alloys, which are non-heat treated materials such as A5083 having a large plate thickness, and joining of non-heat treated materials and heat treated materials such as joining of A5083 and A6N01. .
- the metal materials 1 and 2 to be joined include Ni-based alloy, Ti, Co, Rh, Pd, Cu, Pt, and Au, or stainless steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, Ni-based alloy, Ti , Co, Rh, Pd, Cu, Pt, and Au.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the rotary tool according to the first embodiment.
- the rotary tool 10a has a substantially cylindrical shape, and has a probe 12 protruding at the center at the tip and a shoulder 11 at the periphery.
- the shoulder 11 and the probe 12 have a separated structure, and are made of different materials.
- the shoulder 11 has a cylindrical shape having a through hole at the center.
- the probe 12 has a columnar shape with a smaller diameter than the shoulder 11, passes through a through hole in the center of the shoulder 11, and protrudes from the tip of the rotary tool 10 a.
- the side surface of the shoulder 11 is fixed to the chuck 20 by a hexagon socket set screw 21.
- the side surface of the probe 12 is fixed to the chuck 20 by a hexagon socket set screw 22.
- the shoulder 11 and the probe 12 are fixed to the chuck 20 by means of hexagon socket set screws 21 and 22, respectively, so that at the time of joining, the chuck 11 rotates at the same rotational speed in the same rotational direction as the chuck 20 rotates.
- the shoulder 11 and the probe 12 are fixed at only one place on the side surface.
- the shoulder 11 and the probe 12 are placed at three places 120 degrees apart from each other with respect to the rotation axis of the rotary tool 10 a. By fixing the, the shoulder 11 and the probe 12 can be more securely fixed to the chuck 20.
- the probe 12 may be slidable along the through hole of the shoulder 11, and the protruding length of the probe 12 from the tip of the rotary tool 10a may be changed and fixed. Thereby, even if the probe 12 is worn due to processing, the rotary tool 10a can be continuously used by changing the length of the probe 12 protruding from the tip of the rotary tool 10a.
- the probe 12 is made of an Ir alloy having excellent wear resistance and adhesion of the metal materials 1 and 2.
- the material of the probe 12 is at least one of Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf, or Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, It can be made of an alloy containing at least one of Ta, Zr and Hf by 50 mass% or more.
- the probe 12 can include at least one of Cr, Si, Mo, V, Al, Nb, Ti, and W.
- the probe 12 suppresses the generation of a ⁇ phase that causes a decrease in corrosion resistance at the joint 3. be able to. It should be noted that the material used for the probe 12 is more effective for extending the tool life when forged.
- the shoulder 11 is made of Si 3 N 4 that can suppress wear resistance and adhesion of the metal materials 1 and 2 to be lower than those of the probe 12.
- the shoulder 11 can be made of any one of Si 3 N 4 and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN), and other ceramics can also be applied.
- the probe 12 and the shoulder 11 are made of different materials, and the rotary tool 10a has a structure in which both are combined. However, stress concentration is reduced by making the cross section of the probe 12 an oval type. The durability can be further increased.
- the surface of the probe 12 is Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, Zr, or Hf, or Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru. , Re, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf can be coated with an alloy containing 50% by mass or more, and the same effect as that obtained when the whole substance is the above substance can be obtained.
- the shoulder 11 has only a surface portion of Si 3 N 4 , BN, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SiC, B 4 C, NiO, SiAlON, AlN, TiAlN, TiN, CrN, TiCN, TiSiN, and DLC. , TiCrN, TiAlSiN, and AlCrSiN, and the same effect can be obtained as when the entire material is the above material.
- the entire probe 12 can be made of an Ir alloy, and the shoulder 11 can be covered with Si 3 N 4 .
- the entire rotary tool 10a is made of an Ir alloy, and Si 3 N 4 , BN, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SiC, B 4 C, NiO, SiAlON, Any one of AlN, TiAlN, TiN, CrN, TiCN, TiSiN, DLC, TiCrN, TiAlSiN, and AlCrSiN may be coated.
- the probe 12 since the probe 12 is generally more worn than the shoulder 11, the coating on the surface of the probe 12 is removed early due to wear accompanying processing, and the Ir alloy of the probe 12 is exposed. The same effect as that obtained when the whole 12 is made of a different substance can be obtained.
- the protruding length of the probe 12 can be set shorter than the normal probe length because of good adhesion. For example, it is preferably 1.5 mm or less, more preferably 1.35 mm or less, which is shorter than usual. Furthermore, the probe length is usually set to about 1.4 mm with respect to a plate thickness of 1.5 mm of the metal materials 1 and 2, but bonding is possible even with a probe length of 1.3 mm. This is because the adhesion between the Ir alloy of the probe 12 and the metal materials 1 and 2 is high, and stirring is promoted. In addition, by shortening the protruding length of the probe 12 as described above, even when the plate thickness of the metal materials 1 and 2 is changed, it is possible to join without damaging the rotary tool 10a. In addition, this can extend the life of the tool.
- the shoulder 11 and the probe 12 of the rotary tool 10a are made of different materials.
- the probe 12 is made of a material that has high wear resistance and high adhesion to the metal materials 1 and 2 that are materials to be joined.
- the shoulder 11 is made of a material having low wear resistance and low adhesion to the metal materials 1 and 2.
- the thermal conductivity of the probe 12 and the shoulder 11 is lower than that of the metal materials 1 and 2, the efficiency of heat input used for bonding is improved.
- the probe 12 has at least one of Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf, or Ir, Mo, W, V, Rh, Ru, Re, Nb, An alloy containing at least one of Ta, Zr, and Hf is 50 mass% or more, and the shoulder 11 is made of ceramics such as Si 3 N 4 and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
- the shoulder 11 since the shoulder 11 has low wear resistance and adhesion of the metal materials 1 and 2 and the like, the surface of the joint portion 3 after the shoulder 11 passes is prevented from being roughened, and stainless steel is joined. Also, the corrosion resistance of the joint 3 can be improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the structure formed by joining the metal materials 1 and 2 can have a good processed portion and excellent mechanical characteristics.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the rotary tool according to the second embodiment.
- the probe 12 of the rotary tool 10 b of the present embodiment has a column shape having a hexagonal column surface 13 on a part of the side surface.
- the chuck 20 is provided with a holding hole having an inner wall surface corresponding to the hexagonal column surface 13.
- the probe 12 is fixed to the chuck 20 by fitting the hexagonal column surface 13 and the inner wall surface of the holding hole of the chuck 20.
- the shoulder 11 is fixed to the chuck 20 with a hexagon socket set screw 21 after passing the probe 12 through the through-hole in the center of the shoulder 11 as in the first embodiment.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the chuck 20 is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the probe 12.
- the probe 12 expands larger than the chuck 20 due to heat generated during the joining, so that the probe 12 is firmly fixed to the chuck 20.
- the probe 12 contracts more than the chuck 20 due to cooling by heat dissipation after the end of joining, the probe 12 can be easily detached from the chuck 20.
- the hexagon socket set screw 21 is used only for the shoulder 11 in fixing the rotary tool 10b to the chuck 20, the rotary tool 10b can be easily attached to and detached from the chuck 20. There is.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the rotary tool according to the third embodiment.
- the rotary tool 10c of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment in that the probe 12 is made of Ir or the like and the shoulder 11 is made of Si 3 N 4 or the like.
- the shoulder 11 are different from the first embodiment in that they can be rotated at different rotational speeds v 1 and v 2 , and the rotational speed v 1 of the probe is higher than the rotational speed v 2 of the shoulder.
- the shoulder 11 and the probe 12 are rotated in the same direction.
- the rotation in the probe 12 and has been a rotatable respectively in the same direction different rotational speeds v 1, v 2 and the shoulder 11, the rotational speed v 1, v 2 respectively different in the opposite direction It may be possible.
- the probe 12 and the shoulder 11 can be rotated at different rotational speeds, and the rotational speed v 1 of the probe 12 is set to be higher than the rotational speed v 2 of the shoulder 11, thereby increasing the temperature. It is possible to increase the temperature of the center of the desired joint 3 by rotating the probe 12 at a high speed, and to keep the temperature low by rotating the shoulder 11 at a low speed. Become.
- the metal material processing method of the present invention, the structure processed by the metal material processing method, and the rotary tool are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and are within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course, various changes can be made.
- Example 1 A plate made of SUS304 having a thickness of 1.5 mm, a length of 165 mm, and a width of 35 mm was subjected to friction stir welding by the method shown in FIG. 1 to prepare a test piece.
- a rotary tool 10a as shown in FIG. 3 is used, the probe 12 is made of Ir alloy, and the shoulder 11 is made of Si 3 N 4 .
- the diameter of the shoulder 11 was 15.0 mm, the R dimension at the end of the shoulder 11 was 1.0 mm, the diameter of the probe 12 was 6.0 mm, and the protruding length of the probe 12 was 1.35 mm, which was shorter than usual. This is because the adhesion between the Ir alloy of the probe 12 and SUS304 is high, and stirring is promoted.
- the rotational speed of the rotary tool 10a was 600 rpm
- the inclination angle was 3 °
- the joining load to SUS304 was 1360 kg
- the joining speed was 300 mm / min or 600 mm / min
- Ar gas was supplied as a shielding gas at a flow rate of 30 L / min.
- a test piece was also prepared by friction stir welding using a conventional rotary tool made of only Si 3 N 4 and a rotary tool made only of an Ir alloy.
- each prepared specimen was observed with an electron microscope. Further, a salt spray test was performed by spraying 10% by mass of salt water on the joint portion of each test piece and leaving it for several hundred hours in an environment of a temperature of 35 ° C. and a humidity of 95%.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a change in wear mass with respect to the number of times the rotary tool is joined in the experimental example. As shown in FIG. 6, it can be seen that the rotary tool 10a of the present invention shows no wear even after 10 times of joining, whereas the conventional rotary tool made of only Si 3 N 4 is greatly worn. .
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a joint portion by the rotary tool of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, it can be seen that in the joint portion by the rotary tool 10 a of the present invention, a band-like layer that is easily corroded is not seen, and the joint portion 3 is not rough. In this case, the joining speed is 300 mm / min.
- FIG. 8 is a view after the salt spray test of the joint with the rotary tool of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that no corrosion occurs in the joint even after 360 hours have elapsed after spraying salt water onto the joint.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a joint portion formed by a conventional rotary tool made of only Si 3 N 4 .
- a band-shaped layer D that is a layer that is easily corroded can be seen in the joint portion by the conventional rotary tool made of Si 3 N 4 .
- the joining speed is 600 mm / min.
- FIG. 10 is a view before a salt spray test of a joint portion using a rotary tool made of only a conventional Ir alloy. As shown in FIG. 10, even before salt water is sprayed on the joint 3, it can be seen that the joint is rough and rough.
- FIG. 11 is a view after the salt spray test of the joint with a rotary tool made of only a conventional Ir alloy. As shown in FIG. 11, it can be seen that after 100 hours have elapsed after spraying salt water on the joint, much corrosion has occurred in the joint.
- a metal material having a plate thickness of 1.5 mm was projected using a rotating tool 10 a having an Ir alloy protruding length of 1.35 mm on the probe 12 and a shoulder diameter of 15 mm of silicon nitride on the shoulder 11.
- the appropriate bonding condition range is as shown in Table 1 below.
- the appropriate joining condition range in this case refers to the case where the result of the joint tensile test shows the same strength as the base metal.
- the life of the rotary tool is sufficiently improved and a better processed part is obtained. Is possible.
- the structure processed by the metal material processing method of the present invention has a good processed part and is excellent in mechanical characteristics.
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Abstract
Description
厚さ1.5mm、長さ165mm、幅35mmのSUS304からなる板材を、図1に示す方法で摩擦攪拌接合をして試験片を作製した。図3に示すような回転ツール10aを用い、プローブ12の材質はIr合金とし、ショルダー11の材質はSi3N4とした。ショルダー11径は15.0mm、ショルダー11の端部のR寸法は1.0mm、プローブ12の径は6.0mm、及びプローブ12の突き出し長さは通常よりも短い1.35mmとした。これは、プローブ12のIr合金とSUS304との付着性が高く、攪拌が促進されるためである。また、このようにプローブ12の突き出し長さを短くすることで、被加工物である板材の板厚が変化する場合にも、回転ツール10aを破損することなく接合が可能となる。接合条件として、回転ツール10aの回転速度600rpm、傾斜角度3°、SUS304への接合荷重1360kg、接合速度300mm/minあるいは600mm/minとし、Arガスをシールドガスとして30L/minの流量で供給した。また、比較のため、従来型のSi3N4のみからなる回転ツール及びIr合金のみからなる回転ツールによっても同様に摩擦攪拌接合をして試験片を作製した。
3 接合部
10a,10b,10c 回転ツール
11 ショルダー
12 プローブ
13 六角柱面
20 チャック
21 六角穴付き止めネジ
22 六角穴付き止めネジ
Claims (26)
- 2つの金属材を加工部において対向させ、棒状の回転ツールを回転させつつ前記回転ツールの先端を前記加工部に挿入し、前記2つの金属材を加工する金属材の加工方法であって、
前記回転ツールの先端は、中央部において突出したプローブと周辺部のショルダーとを有し、前記プローブと前記ショルダーとは少なくとも前記金属材と接触する表面部において異なる材質からなるものとする、金属材の加工方法。 - 前記プローブの耐摩耗性は前記ショルダーの耐摩耗性よりも高いものとする、請求項1に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記プローブの前記金属材に対する付着性は前記ショルダーの前記金属材に対する付着性よりも高いものとする、請求項1又は2に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記プローブは、Ir、Mo、W、V、Rh、Ru、Re、Nb、Ta、Zr及びHfの少なくともいずれか、又はIr、Mo、W、V、Rh、Ru、Re、Nb、Ta、Zr及びHfの少なくともいずれかを50質量%以上含む合金からなるものとする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記プローブは、Cr、Si、Mo、V、Al、Nb、Ti及びWの少なくともいずれかを含むものとする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記ショルダーは、Si3N4及び多結晶立方晶窒化硼素のいずれかからなるものとする、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記プローブと前記ショルダーとは異なる回転速度で回転可能とし、前記プローブの回転速度を前記ショルダーの回転速度よりも高速とする、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記プローブの前記回転ツールの先端から突出する長さを変更可能とされている、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記ショルダーの表面部は、前記プローブよりも前記金属材に対する付着性が低い物質により被覆されている、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記ショルダーの表面部は、Si3N4、BN、Al2O3、ZrO2、SiC、B4C、NiO、SiAlON、AlN、TiAlN、TiN、CrN、TiCN、TiSiN、DLC、TiCrN、TiAlSiN、及びAlCrSiNのいずれかにより被覆されている、請求項9に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記プローブの表面部は、前記ショルダーよりも前記金属材に対する付着性が高い物質により被覆されている、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記プローブの表面部は、前記ショルダーよりも前記金属材に対する耐摩耗性が高い物質により被覆されている、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 前記金属材は、ステンレス鋼、炭素鋼、合金鋼、Ni基合金、Ti、Co、Rh、Pd、Cu、Pt及びAuの少なくともいずれか、又はステンレス鋼、炭素鋼、合金鋼、Ni基合金、Ti、Co、Rh、Pd、Cu、Pt及びAuの少なくともいずれかの合金からなるものとする、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工方法。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の金属材の加工法によって加工された構造物。
- 2つの金属材を加工部において対向させ、棒状の回転ツールを回転させつつ前記回転ツールの先端を前記加工部に挿入し、前記2つの金属材を加工する金属材の加工方法に用いる回転ツールであって、
前記回転ツールの先端は、中央部において突出したプローブと周辺部のショルダーとを有し、前記プローブと前記ショルダーとは少なくとも前記金属材と接触する表面部において異なる材質からなる、回転ツール。 - 前記プローブの耐摩耗性は前記ショルダーの耐摩耗性よりも高い、請求項15に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記プローブの前記金属材に対する付着性は前記ショルダーの前記金属材に対する付着性よりも高い、請求項15又は16に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記プローブは、Ir、Mo、W、V、Rh、Ru、Re、Nb、Ta、Zr及びHfの少なくともいずれか、又はIr、Mo、W、V、Rh、Ru、Re、Nb、Ta、Zr及びHfの少なくともいずれかを50質量%以上含む合金からなる、請求項15~17のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記プローブは、Cr、Si、Mo、V、Al、Nb、Ti及びWの少なくともいずれかを含むものとする、請求項15~18のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記ショルダーは、Si3N4及び多結晶立方晶窒化硼素のいずれかからなる、請求項15~19のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記プローブと前記ショルダーとは異なる回転速度で回転可能とされている、請求項15~20のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記プローブの前記回転ツールの先端から突出する長さを変更可能とされている、請求項15~21のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記ショルダーの表面部は、前記プローブよりも前記金属材に対する付着性が低い物質により被覆されている、請求項15~22のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記ショルダーの表面部は、Si3N4、BN、Al2O3、ZrO2、SiC、B4C、NiO、SiAlON、AlN、TiAlN、TiN、CrN、TiCN、TiSiN、DLC、TiCrN、TiAlSiN、及びAlCrSiNのいずれかにより被覆されている、請求項23に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記プローブの表面部は、前記ショルダーよりも前記金属材に対する付着性が高い物質により被覆されている、請求項15~24のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
- 前記プローブの表面部は、前記ショルダーよりも前記金属材に対する耐摩耗性が高い物質により被覆されている、請求項15~25のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツール。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5540288B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
KR101456742B1 (ko) | 2014-10-31 |
CN102264501B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
US20110274943A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
US20120237788A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
GB2478480B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
JPWO2010074165A1 (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
GB2478480A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
GB201110807D0 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
KR20110106412A (ko) | 2011-09-28 |
CN102264501A (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
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