KR102258909B1 - 막-전극 어셈블리, 이의 제조 방법 그리고 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 - Google Patents
막-전극 어셈블리, 이의 제조 방법 그리고 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102258909B1 KR102258909B1 KR1020170181852A KR20170181852A KR102258909B1 KR 102258909 B1 KR102258909 B1 KR 102258909B1 KR 1020170181852 A KR1020170181852 A KR 1020170181852A KR 20170181852 A KR20170181852 A KR 20170181852A KR 102258909 B1 KR102258909 B1 KR 102258909B1
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Abstract
상기 막-전극 어셈블리는 전극과 이온 교환막 사이의 계면 접합성 및 계면 안정성이 개선되어 막-전극 어셈블리의 수소 이온 전도 성능 저하 문제를 극복할 수 있고, 계면 저항 증가 및 계면 접합 문제 없이 가스 투과도가 감소되어 수소 가스 크로스오버(crossover)가 저감되고, 고온/저가습 조건에서의 성능 및 내구성이 향상될 수 있다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 연료 전지의 전체적인 구성을 도시한 모식도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실험예 2에서 측정한 수소 가스 투과도를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 실험예 5에서 측정한 개회로 전압(Open circuit voltage, OCV) 보존율을 나타내는 그래프이다.
가속 평가 전의 옴 저항(Ωcm2) | 가속 평가 후의 옴 저항(Ωcm2) | 옴 저항 증가율 (%) |
|
실시예 1 | 0.1683 | 0.1955 | 16.2 |
실시예 2 | 0.1829 | 0.1954 | 6.8 |
실시예 3 | 0.2182 | 0.2307 | 5.7 |
실시예 5 | 0.1959 | 0.2076 | 6.0 |
비교예 1 | 0.2421 | 0.9426 | 289.3 |
비교예 2 | 0.2137 | 0.2268 | 6.1 |
실시예 9 | 0.1789 | 0.2132 | 19.2 |
실시예 10 | 0.1985 | 0.2175 | 9.6 |
실시예 12 | 0.2015 | 0.2426 | 20.4 |
실시예 15 | 0.2022 | 0.2415 | 19.4 |
실시예 17 | 0.2047 | 0.2468 | 20.6 |
실시예 18 | 0.2360 | 0.2797 | 18.5 |
실시예 19 | 0.2136 | 0.2531 | 18.5 |
실시예 22 | 0.2636 | 0.5986 | 127.1 |
Current density (A/cm2) @ 65oC, 50%RH |
Cell voltage (V) @ 65oC, 50%RH |
|
실시예 1 | 1.30 | 0.565 |
실시예 2 | 1.40 | 0.585 |
실시예 3 | 1.35 | 0.555 |
실시예 5 | 1.35 | 0.575 |
비교예 1 | 1.25 | 0.555 |
비교예 2 | 1.25 | 0.565 |
실시예 8 | 1.20 | 0.515 |
실시예 9 | 1.30 | 0.565 |
실시예 10 | 1.35 | 0.575 |
실시예 12 | 1.25 | 0.565 |
실시예 14 | 1.05 | 0.505 |
실시예 15 | 1.30 | 0.560 |
실시예 17 | 1.45 | 0.595 |
실시예 18 | 1.30 | 0.565 |
실시예 19 | 1.25 | 0.550 |
실시예 22 | 0.95 | 0.485 |
Cell voltage (V) @ 1.5 A/cm2 |
Cell voltage (V) @ 2.2 A/cm2 |
|
실시예 2 | 0.585 | 0.504 |
실시예 5 | 0.575 | 0.459 |
비교예 1 | 0.555 | 0.336 |
비교예 2 | 0.565 | 0.383 |
20: 계면 접착층
30: 촉매층
31: 촉매 입자
40: 전극 기재
200: 연료 전지
210: 연료 공급부 220: 개질부
230: 스택 231: 제 1 공급관
232: 제 2 공급관 233: 제 1 배출관
234: 제 2 배출관 240: 산화제 공급부
Claims (18)
- 촉매층,
상기 촉매층 위에 위치하며, 상기 촉매층과의 계면이 상기 촉매층의 일부 깊이까지 스며들어 형성된 계면 접착층, 그리고
상기 계면 접착층 위에 위치하며, 상기 계면 접착층을 매개로 상기 촉매층과 접합되는 이온 교환막을 포함하며,
상기 계면 접착층은 당량(equivalent weight, EW)이 500 g/eq 내지 1000 g/eq인 불소계 이오노머를 포함하고,
상기 계면 접착층은 평균 입경이 1 nm 내지 50 nm인 나노 분체를 더 포함하고,
상기 나노 분체는 라디칼 스캐빈저(radical scavenger), 산소 발생 반응(oxygen evolution reaction, OER) 촉매, 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하고,
상기 라디칼 스캐빈저는 세륨, 루테늄, 팔라듐, 은, 로듐, 이트륨, 망간, 몰리브덴, 납, 바나듐, 티타늄, 이들의 이온 형태, 이들의 산화물 형태, 이들의 염 형태 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나이며,
상기 산소 발생 반응 촉매는 백금, 금, 팔라듐, 로듐, 이리듐, 루테늄, 오스뮴, 백금 합금, 이들의 합금 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나인,
막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 막-전극 어셈블리는
상기 이온 교환막의 일면에 위치하는 제 1 계면 접착층 및 제 1 촉매층,
상기 이온 교환막의 다른 일면에 위치하는 제 2 계면 접착층 및 제 2 촉매층을 포함하며,
상기 제 1 계면 접착층, 상기 제 2 계면 접착층 및 이 둘 모두로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나는 상기 계면 접착층이고,
상기 제 1 촉매층, 상기 제 2 촉매층 및 이 둘 모두로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나는 상기 촉매층인 것인
막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 계면 접착층은 상기 촉매층의 표면에 형성된 기공(surface recesses), 촉매층의 표면으로부터 일정 깊이에 존재하는 기공 및 이 둘 모두로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나를 스며들어 채우는 것인 막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 계면 접착층이 상기 촉매층에 스며든 평균 깊이는 상기 촉매층의 평균 두께의 1 % 내지 10 %인 것인 막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 계면 접착층의 평균 두께는 0.01 ㎛ 내지 5 ㎛인 것인 막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 계면 접착층은 상기 불소계 이오노머와 이온 교환 용량(ion exchange capacity, IEC)이 0.8 meq/g 내지 4.0 meq/g인 탄화수소계 이오노머의 혼합물을 포함하는 것인 막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
상기 불소계 이오노머와 상기 탄화수소계 이오노머의 중량비는 20:1 내지 1:20인 것인 막-전극 어셈블리. - 삭제
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 계면 접착층은 상기 계면 접착층 전체 중량에 대하여 상기 나노 분체를 0.1 중량% 내지 20 중량%로 포함하는 것인 막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 나노 분체는 이온 전도체(ionic conductor)를 더 포함하는, 막-전극 어셈블리. - 제 10 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체는 SnO2, 퓸드 실리카(fumed silica), 클레이(clay), 알루미나(alumina), 운모(mica), 제올라이트(zeolite), 포스포텅스텐산(phosphotungstic acid), 실리콘 텅스텐산(silicon tungstic acid), 지르코늄 하이드로겐 포스페이트(zirconiumhydrogen phosphate), 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나의 친수성 무기 첨가제인 것인 막-전극 어셈블리. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 촉매층 위에 계면 접착층 형성용 조성물을 도포하여 상기 촉매층의 일부 깊이까지 스며들도록 함으로써 계면 접착층을 형성하는 단계, 그리고
상기 계면 접착층이 형성된 촉매층과 이온 교환막을 접합하는 단계를 포함하며,
상기 계면 접착층은 상기 촉매층과의 계면이 상기 촉매층의 일부 깊이까지 스며들어 형성되며, 상기 계면 접착층은 당량(equivalent weight, EW)이 500 g/eq 내지 1000 g/eq인 불소계 이오노머를 포함하고,
상기 계면 접착층은 평균 입경이 1 nm 내지 50 nm인 나노 분체를 더 포함하고,
상기 나노 분체는 라디칼 스캐빈저(radical scavenger), 산소 발생 반응(oxygen evolution reaction, OER) 촉매, 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하고,
상기 라디칼 스캐빈저는 세륨, 루테늄, 팔라듐, 은, 로듐, 이트륨, 망간, 몰리브덴, 납, 바나듐, 티타늄, 이들의 이온 형태, 이들의 산화물 형태, 이들의 염 형태 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나이며,
상기 산소 발생 반응 촉매는 백금, 금, 팔라듐, 로듐, 이리듐, 루테늄, 오스뮴, 백금 합금, 이들의 합금 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나인,
막-전극 어셈블리의 제조 방법. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 계면 접착층은 상기 계면 접착층 형성용 조성물을 상기 촉매층 위에 스프레이 코팅하여 형성되는 것인 막-전극 어셈블리의 제조 방법. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 계면 접착층은 상기 불소계 이오노머와 이온 교환 용량(ion exchange capacity, IEC)이 0.8 meq/g 내지 4.0 meq/g인 탄화수소계 이오노머의 혼합물을 포함하는 것인 막-전극 어셈블리의 제조 방법. - 삭제
- 제 1 항에 따른 막-전극 어셈블리를 포함하는 연료 전지.
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KR20160120078A (ko) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료전지용 고분자 전해질 막 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지용 막-전극 어셈블리 |
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- 2017-12-28 US US16/341,138 patent/US10923752B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-28 JP JP2019514019A patent/JP6792067B2/ja active Active
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KR20180078162A (ko) | 2018-07-09 |
US10923752B2 (en) | 2021-02-16 |
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EP3493311A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
CN109417180A (zh) | 2019-03-01 |
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EP3493311A4 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
US20200044271A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 |
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