JP7488191B2 - 不織布及び電気化学素子用セパレータ - Google Patents
不織布及び電気化学素子用セパレータ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7488191B2 JP7488191B2 JP2020556074A JP2020556074A JP7488191B2 JP 7488191 B2 JP7488191 B2 JP 7488191B2 JP 2020556074 A JP2020556074 A JP 2020556074A JP 2020556074 A JP2020556074 A JP 2020556074A JP 7488191 B2 JP7488191 B2 JP 7488191B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- fibers
- fusion
- polyolefin
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 275
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 265
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 72
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 56
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 22
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical class O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005674 ethylene-propylene random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007500 overflow downdraw method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
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- B01D39/163—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin sintered or bonded
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- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
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- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43832—Composite fibres side-by-side
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
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- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
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- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
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- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
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- H01M50/411—Organic material
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
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- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0636—Two or more types of fibres present in the filter material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/064—The fibres being mixed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2239/1208—Porosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2239/1291—Other parameters
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- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
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Description
(1)不織布から、縦方向に200mm、横方向に50mmの長方形状に不織布試料を採取する(縦方向の不織布試料)。同様に不織布から、縦方向に50mm、横方向に200mmの長方形状に不織布試料を採取する(横方向の不織布試料)。
(2)前記縦方向の不織布試料及び横方向の不織布試料を、定速伸長型引張試験機(オリエンテック社製、テンシロン、初期つかみ間隔:2mm、引張速度100mm/分)へ供し、不織布試料が破断するまで引張った時の強度を測定する。前記測定を任意に選んだ縦方向及び横方向の不織布試料各3点に関して行い、この各3点の算術平均値を縦方向及び横方向のゼロスパンによる引張り強さ(N/50mm)とする。
(3)(2)で求めた縦方向及び横方向のゼロスパンによる引張り強さを、不織布の目付(g/m2)で除すことにより、縦方向及び横方向の単位目付あたりのゼロスパンによる引張り強さ(N・m 2 )/(50mm・g)を求める。なお、この「目付」は、JIS P 8124(紙及び板紙-坪量測定方法):2011に規定する方法に基づいて得られる坪量をいう。
標準偏差={(nΣX2-(ΣX)2)/n(n-1)}1/2
(1)不織布から、縦方向に200mm、横方向に50mmの長方形状に不織布試料を採取する(縦方向の不織布試料)。同様に不織布から、縦方向に50mm、横方向に200mmの長方形状に不織布試料を採取する(横方向の不織布試料)。
(2)前記縦方向の不織布試料及び横方向の不織布試料を、定速伸長型引張試験機(オリエンテック社製、テンシロン、初期つかみ間隔:100mm、引張速度300mm/分)へ供し、5mm(5%)引張った時の強度(N/50mm)を測定する。前記測定を任意に選んだ縦方向及び横方向の不織布試料各3点に関して行い、この各3点の算術平均値を縦方向及び横方向の5%モジュラス強度とする。
(1)不織布から、縦方向に200mm、横方向に50mmの長方形状に不織布試料を採取する(縦方向の不織布試料)。同様に不織布から、縦方向に50mm、横方向に200mmの長方形状に不織布試料を採取する(横方向の不織布試料)。
(2)前記縦方向の不織布試料及び横方向の不織布試料を、定速伸長型引張試験機(オリエンテック社製、テンシロン、初期つかみ間隔:100mm、引張速度:300mm/分)へ供し、不織布試料が破断するまで引張った時の最大強度を測定する。前記測定を任意に選んだ縦方向及び横方向の不織布試料各3点に関して行い、この各3点の算術平均値を縦方向及び横方向の引張り強度(N/50mm)とする。
P=100-(Fr1+Fr2+・・+Frn)
ここで、Frnは不織布を構成するn成分の充填率(単位:%)を示し、次の式から得られる値をいう。
Frn={(M×Prn)/(T×SGn)}×100
ここで、Mは不織布の目付(単位:g/cm2)、Tは不織布の厚さ(単位:cm)、Prnは不織布におけるn成分の存在質量比率、SGnはn成分の密度(単位:g/cm3)をそれぞれ意味する。
まず、円筒状貫通孔(内径:11mm)を有する支持台上に、円筒状貫通孔を覆うように不織布を1枚載置し、更に不織布上に、円筒状貫通孔(内径:11mm)を有する固定材を、前記支持台の円筒状貫通孔の中心と一致するように載置して不織布を固定する。次に、不織布に対して、ハンディー圧縮試験機(カトーテック製、KES-G5)に取り付けられたニードル(先端部における曲率半径:0.5mm、直径:1mm、治具からの突出長さ:2cm)を、0.1cm/sの速度で垂直に突き刺し、ニードルが突き抜けるのに要する力を測定する。この測定を10回行い、その算術平均値をニードル式耐貫通力とする。
また、単位目付あたりのニードル式耐貫通力は、上記方法で測定したニードル式耐貫通力を、不織布の目付(g/m2)で除すことにより、単位目付あたりのニードル式耐貫通力(N・m 2 /g)を求める。
不織布を重ねて合計約2mmの厚さとし、その一番上の不織布に対して、ハンディー圧縮試験機(カトーテック製、KES-G5)に取り付けられたステンレス製ジグ(厚さ:0.5mm、先端の刃先角度:60°)を、0.01cm/sの速度で垂直に突き刺し、一番上の不織布を切断するのに要する力を測定する。この測定を10回行い、その算術平均値をカッター式耐貫通力とする。
また、単位目付あたりのカッター式耐貫通力は、上記方法で測定したカッター式耐貫通力を、不織布の目付(g/m2)で除すことにより、単位目付あたりのカッター式耐貫通力(N・m 2 /g)を求める。
1.溶媒あるいは分散媒にバインダと無機粒子を混合してなる塗工液(以降、塗工液と称することがある)を用意し、無機粒子を含む前の不織布を塗工液に浸漬する、
2.無機粒子を含む前の不織布に塗工液をスプレーする、
3.グラビアロールを用いたキスコータ法などの塗工方法を用いて、無機粒子を含む前の不織布の一方の主面あるいは両主面に塗工液を塗布する、
ことを行った後、乾燥して、塗工液中の溶媒や分散媒を除去する方法を挙げることができる。
ホモポリプロピレン(融点:168℃)を芯成分(非融着成分)とし、高密度ポリエチレン(融点:135℃)を鞘成分(融着成分)とする、引張り強さが6.5cN/dtex、ヤング率が75cN/dtex、伸度が25%のポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維A(両端部を除いて高密度ポリエチレンが繊維表面を被覆、芯成分と鞘成分の体積比率=65:35、平均繊維径:7.4μm、繊維長:5mm、密度:0.94g/cm3)を用意した。
ホモポリプロピレン(融点:168℃)を芯成分(非融着成分)とし、高密度ポリエチレン(融点:135℃)を鞘成分(融着成分)とする、引張り強さが6.0cN/dtex、ヤング率が47cN/dtex、伸度が20%のポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維B(両端部を除いて高密度ポリエチレンが繊維表面を被覆、芯成分と鞘成分の体積比率=60:40、平均繊維径:10.5μm、繊維長:5mm、密度:0.94g/cm3)を用意した。
ホモポリプロピレン(融点:168℃)を芯成分(非融着成分)とし、高密度ポリエチレン(融点:135℃)を鞘成分(融着成分)とする、引張り強さが5.5cN/dtex、ヤング率が57cN/dtex、伸度が10%のポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維C(
両端部を除いて高密度ポリエチレンが繊維表面を被覆、芯成分と鞘成分の体積比率=50:50、平均繊維径:7.4μm、繊維長:5mm、密度:0.94g/cm3)を用意した。
共重合ポリエステルからなる海成分中に、ポリプロピレンからなる島成分が25個存在し、複合紡糸法により製造した海島型複合繊維(繊度:1.65dtex、繊維長:2mm)を、10mass%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液から成る浴(温度:80℃)中に30分間浸漬し、海島型複合繊維の海成分である共重合ポリエステルを抽出除去して、ポリプロピレン極細繊維(平均繊維径:2μm、融点:172℃、繊維長:2mm、横断面形状:円形、密度:0.91g/cm3)を得た。このポリプロピレン極細繊維は、フィブリル化しておらず、延伸した状態にあり、しかも各繊維が繊維軸方向において実質的に同じ直径を有していた。
ポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維A、B又はCとポリプロピレン極細繊維とを、表1に示す質量割合でスラリー中に分散させ、湿式法(水平長網方式)により、個々のポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維A、B又はC及びポリプロピレン極細繊維が分散した繊維ウエブをそれぞれ形成した。
次いで、前記繊維ウエブをコンベアで支持し、コンベアの下方から吸引して繊維ウエブをコンベアと密着させて搬送しながら、繊維ウエブに対して温度139℃の熱風を10秒間吹きつけ、十分な量の熱風を通過させる無圧下での熱処理を実施するエアスルー法により行い、繊維ウエブの乾燥と同時にポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維A、B又はCの高密度ポリエチレン成分のみを融着させて、融着繊維ウエブを形成した。
まず、各不織布を直径30mmの円形に裁断して試験片を調製し、温度20℃、相対湿度65%の状態下で、水分平衡に至らせた後、質量(M0)をそれぞれ測定した。
次に、試験片の空気を水酸化カリウム溶液で置換するように、密度1.3(20℃)の水酸化カリウム溶液に1時間浸漬し、水酸化カリウム溶液を保持させた。
次に、この試験片を上下3枚ずつのろ紙(直径:30mm)で挟み、加圧ポンプにより、5.7MPaの圧力を30秒間作用させた後、試験片の質量(M1)を測定した。
そして、次の式により、加圧保液率を求めた。なお、この測定は1つのセパレータの4枚の試験片について行い、その算術平均を加圧保液率(Rp、単位:%)とした。
Rp=[(M1-M0)/M0]×100
不織布の物性評価結果を、以下の表2に示す。
Claims (12)
- 繊維表面に融着成分を備えた、ヤング率が60cN/dtex以上であるポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維を含み、前記複合融着繊維が融着しており、縦方向及び横方向の単位目付あたりのゼロスパンによる引張り強さの合計が6.5(N・m 2 )/(50mm・g)以上である、不織布。
- 前記ポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維の引張り強さが5.0cN/dtex以上である、請求項1に記載の不織布。
- 前記ポリオレフィン系複合融着繊維の伸度が15~35%である、請求項1または2に記載の不織布。
- 平均繊維径が4μm以下の極細繊維を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 最大孔径が40μm以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 不織布の縦方向の5%モジュラス強度が30~100N/50mmである、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 不織布の空隙率が45~85%である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 不織布の単位目付あたりのニードル式耐貫通力が0.20593965(N・m 2 /g)(21(gf・m 2 /g))以上である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 不織布の単位目付あたりのカッター式耐貫通力が0.20593965(N・m 2 /g)(21(gf・m 2 /g))以上である、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 無機粒子が含まれている、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の不織布から構成されている、電気化学素子用セパレータ。
- 厚さ保持率が92%以上である、請求項11に記載の電気化学素子用セパレータ。
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EP3882384B1 (en) | 2024-01-03 |
EP3882384A4 (en) | 2022-08-03 |
EP3882384C0 (en) | 2024-01-03 |
JPWO2020100654A1 (ja) | 2021-10-21 |
ES2968967T3 (es) | 2024-05-14 |
CN112996958A (zh) | 2021-06-18 |
US20210381143A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
WO2020100654A1 (ja) | 2020-05-22 |
EP3882384A1 (en) | 2021-09-22 |
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