JP6694559B1 - セルロースアセテートを含む粒子、化粧品組成物、及びセルロースアセテートを含む粒子の製造方法 - Google Patents
セルロースアセテートを含む粒子、化粧品組成物、及びセルロースアセテートを含む粒子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6694559B1 JP6694559B1 JP2019545387A JP2019545387A JP6694559B1 JP 6694559 B1 JP6694559 B1 JP 6694559B1 JP 2019545387 A JP2019545387 A JP 2019545387A JP 2019545387 A JP2019545387 A JP 2019545387A JP 6694559 B1 JP6694559 B1 JP 6694559B1
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- cellulose acetate
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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Classifications
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
- A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/10—Esters of organic acids, i.e. acylates
- C08L1/12—Cellulose acetate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
- A61K8/0245—Specific shapes or structures not provided for by any of the groups of A61K8/0241
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/37—Esters of carboxylic acids
- A61K8/375—Esters of carboxylic acids the alcohol moiety containing more than one hydroxy group
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
Description
本開示のセルロースアセテートを含む粒子は、セルロースアセテートを含む粒子であって、前記粒子は、平均粒子径が80nm以上100μm以下、真球度が0.7以上1.0以下、表面平滑度が80%以上100%以下、及び水に対する表面接触角が100°以上であり、前記セルロースアセテートのアセチル総置換度が0.7以上2.9以下である。
DS=162.14×AV×0.01/(60.052−42.037×AV×0.01)
上記式において、DSはアセチル総置換度であり、AVは酢化度(%)である。なお、換算して得られる置換度の値は、前記のNMR測定値との間に若干の誤差が生じることが普通である。換算値とNMR測定値とが異なる場合は、NMR測定値を採用する。また、NMR測定の具体的方法によって値が相違する場合は、上記手塚の方法によるNMR測定値を採用する。
平均酢化度(%)={6.5×(B−A)×F}/W
(式中、Aは試料の1N−硫酸の滴定量(mL)を、Bはブランク試験の1N−硫酸の滴定量(mL)を、Fは1N−硫酸の濃度ファクターを、Wは試料の重量を示す)。
本開示のセルロースアセテートを含む粒子は可塑剤を含有してよく、含有しなくてもよい。本開示において可塑剤とは、セルロースアセテートの可塑性を増加させることができる化合物をいう。可塑剤は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、アジピン酸ジメチル、アジピン酸ジブチル、アジピン酸ジイソステアリル、アジピン酸ジイソデシル、アジピン酸ジイソノニル、アジピン酸ジイソブチル、アジピン酸ジイソプロピル、アジピン酸ジエチルヘキシルアジピン酸ジオクチル、アジピン酸ジオクチルドデシル、アジピン酸ジカプリル、及びアジピン酸ジヘキシルデシル等のアジピン酸エステルを含むアジピン酸系可塑剤;クエン酸アセチルトリエチル、クエン酸アセチルトリブチル、クエン酸イソデシル、クエン酸イソプロピル、クエン酸トリエチル、クエン酸トリエチルヘキシル、及びクエン酸トリブチル等のクエン酸エステルを含むクエン酸系可塑剤;グルタル酸ジイソブチル、グルタル酸ジオクチル、及びグルタル酸ジメチル等のグルタル酸エステルを含むグルタル酸系可塑剤;コハク酸ジイソブチル、コハク酸ジエチル、コハク酸ジエチルヘキシル、及びコハク酸ジオクチル等のコハク酸エステルを含むコハク酸系可塑剤;セバシン酸ジイソアミル、セバシン酸ジイソオクチル、セバシン酸ジイソプロピル、セバシン酸ジエチル、セバシン酸ジエチルヘキシル、及びセバシン酸ジオクチル等のセバシン酸エステルを含むセバシン酸系可塑剤;トリアセチン、ジアセチン、及びモノアセチン等のグリセリンアルキルエステルを含むグリセリンエステル系可塑剤;ネオペンチルグリコール;フタル酸エチル、フタル酸メチル、フタル酸ジアリール、フタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジエチルヘキシル、フタル酸ジオクチル、フタル酸ジブチル、及びフタル酸ジメチル等のフタル酸エステルを含むフタル酸系可塑剤;リン酸トリオレイル、リン酸トリステアリル、及びリン酸トリセチル等のリン酸エステルを含むリン酸系可塑剤が挙げられる。その他、フタル酸ジ−2−メトキシエチル酒石酸ジブチル0−べンゾイル安息香酸エチル、エチルフタリル工チルグリコレート(EPEG)、メチルフタリルエチルグリコレート(MPEG)、N−エチルトルエンスルホンアミド、p−トルエンスルホン酸0−クレジルリン酸トリエチル(TEP)、リン酸トリフェニル(TPP)、及びトリブ口ビオニンなども挙げられる。これらの可塑剤は、単独で用いてもよく、2以上の可塑剤を組み合せて用いてもよい。
0.005重量%未満であると、親油性が低くなりすぎてしまい、50重量%を超えると、粒子同士の凝集または固着が起こりやすくなる。
本開示のセルロースアセテートを含む粒子の製造方法は、セルロースアセテート粒子を親油性付与剤で表面処理する工程を有するものである。また、前記セルロースアセテートを含む粒子は、平均粒子径が80nm以上100μm以下、真球度が0.7以上1.0以下、表面平滑度が80%以上100%以下、及び水に対する表面接触角が100°以上であり、前記セルロースアセテートのアセチル総置換度が0.7以上2.9以下である。
セルロースアセテート粒子を親油性付与剤で表面処理することにより、親油性に優れ、油性成分に対する分散性に優れる粒子を得ることができる。表面処理の方法としては、セルロースアセテート粒子の表面に親油性付与剤を付着することができれば、特に限定されるものではない。また、付着した親油性付与剤がセルロースアセテート粒子とイオン結合を形成したり、架橋したり、重合するものであってもよい。
セルロースアセテート粒子の製造は、アセチル総置換度が0.7以上2.9以下のセルロースアセテートと可塑剤とを混合して、前記可塑剤が含浸したセルロースアセテートを得る工程、前記可塑剤が含浸したセルロースアセテートと水溶性高分子とを200℃以上280℃以下で混練して、前記可塑剤が含浸したセルロースアセテートを分散質とする分散体を得る工程、及び前記分散体から前記水溶性高分子を除去する工程を含んでよい。
可塑剤が含浸したセルロースアセテートを得る工程においては、アセチル総置換度が0.7以上2.9以下のセルロースアセテートと可塑剤とを混合する。
分散体を得る工程においては、前記可塑剤が含浸したセルロースアセテートと水溶性高分子とを200℃以上280℃以下で混練する。
前記分散体から水溶性高分子を除去する工程について述べる。
セルロースアセテート粒子の製造
セルロースジアセテート(株式会社ダイセル製:アセチル総置換度DS=2.4)100重量部と可塑剤としてトリアセチン25重量部とを乾燥状態でブレンドし、80℃で12時間以上乾燥させ、さらに、ヘンシェルミキサーを用いて攪拌混合し、セルロースアセテートと可塑剤との混合物を得た。得られた混合物を、二軸押出機(株式会社池貝製PCM30、シリンダー温度:200℃、ダイス温度:220℃)に供給し、溶融混練し、押し出してペレット化し、混練物とした。
5000mlセパラブルフラスコに、n−ヘキサン(Mw:86.2)900g及びKF−9901(ハイドロゲンジメチコン:信越化学工業(株)製)12gを投入し、室温で撹拌して溶解させた。さらに、得られたセルロースアセテート粒子600gを投入し、室温で30分間撹拌を継続して、セルロースアセテート粒子を分散させ、スラリーにした。85℃の水浴、常圧下でこのスラリーの蒸留を行い、n−ヘキサンを除去した。これにより系全体が粒子状となった。その後、120℃の油浴にて、2時間以上撹拌を行い、ジメチコンをセルロースアセテート粒子の表面に焼き付けることにより、セルロースアセテート粒子を表面処理した粒子を得た。
平均粒子径は、動的光散乱法を用いて測定した。まず、純水を用いサンプルを100ppm程度の濃度に調整し、超音波振動装置を用いて純水懸濁液とした。その後、レーザー回折法(株式会社堀場製作所「レーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置LA−960」超音波処理15分、屈折率(1.500、媒体(水;1.333))により、体積頻度粒度分布を求め、平均粒子径を測定した。ここでいう平均粒子径(nm及びμm等)は、体積頻度粒度分布における散乱強度の積算50%に対応する粒子径の値とした。また、粒子径変動係数(%)は、粒子径の標準偏差/平均粒子径×100によって算出した。
走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した粒子の画像を用いて、ランダムに選択した30個の粒子の長径と短径を測定し、各粒子の短径/長径比を求め、その短径/長径比の平均値を真球度とした。
粒子の2500〜5000倍の走査型電子顕微鏡写真を撮り(セルロースアセテート粒子の顕微鏡写真の一例は、図1参照)、画像処理装置Winroof(三谷商事社製)を用いて、画像を二値化した(図1の顕微鏡写真を二値化した画像は図2参照)。粒子1個の中心及び/又は中心付近を含む、粒子よりも小さい任意の領域(例えば、図2を参照すれば、n1及びn2で示す領域)であってよい。また、その領域の大きさは、粒子径が15μmのとき5μm四方であってよい。当該領域における凹凸の凹に当たる部分(陰の部分)の面積率を算出し、以下の式によりその粒子1個の表面平滑度(%)を算出した。
粒子1個の表面平滑度(%)=(1−凹の面積率)×100
凹の面積率=前記任意の領域における凹部の面積/前記任意の領域
表面平滑度(%)はランダムに選択した10個の粒子サンプル、つまりn1〜10まで表面平滑度の平均値とした。この数値が高いほど表面平滑度は高くなる。
「JIS K 1201−1」に従い測定した。
1H−NMR測定によって可塑剤含有量(重量%)を測定した。
生分解性は、生分解速度により評価した。生分解速度は、JIS K6950に準じた活性汚泥を使用する方法により測定した。活性汚泥は、都市下水処理場から入手した。その活性汚泥を1時間程度放置して得られる上澄み液(活性汚泥濃度:約360ppm)を1培養瓶あたり約300mL使用した。サンプル30mgを当該上澄み液中で撹拌した時点を測定開始とし、その後24時間おきに、720時間後つまり30日後まで合計31回測定した。測定の詳細は以下のとおりである。大倉電気(株)製クーロメータ OM3001を用いて、各培養瓶中の生物化学的酸素要求量(BOD)を測定した。各試料の化学組成に基づく完全分解における理論上の生物化学的酸素要求量(BOD)に対する、生物化学的酸素要求量(BOD)のパーセンテージを生分解速度(重量%)とし、次のとおり生分解性を評価した。
◎:60重量%を超える、○:40重量%以上60重量%以下、
△:10重量%以上40重量%未満、×:10重量%未満
粒子の触感について、20人のパネルテストにより官能評価を行なった。粒子に触れさせ、なめらかさ及びしっとり感の両方を総合的に、5点満点として、以下の基準により評価した。20人の平均点を算出した。
良い:5、やや良い:4、普通:3、やや悪い:2、悪い:1
粒子1gと水50mLとを回転速度100rpm以上及び時間30秒以上の条件にて混合撹拌した後、30秒以上静置し、水に浮いた粒子を採取して乾燥した後、その重量を測定した。水と混合撹拌する前の粒子の重量を100としたときの、水に浮いた粒子の乾燥後の重量を水中浮遊度とした。
粒子1gとイソドデカン50mLとを回転速度100rpm以上及び時間30秒以上の条件にて混合撹拌した後、30秒以上静置し、イソドデカンに浮いた粒子採取して乾燥した後、その重量を測定した。イソドデカンと混合撹拌する前の粒子の重量を100としたときの、イソドデカンに浮いた粒子の乾燥後の重量をイソドデカン浮遊度とした。
プレパラートの上に両面テープを貼り、その上に粒子2gを均一に塗布して平面を形成し、その平面上に水滴を滴下し、その水滴の接触角をθ/2法により求めた。水滴の滴下及び接触角の測定に用いた装置は、全自動接触角計(解析ソフト:interFAce Measurement and Analysis System FAMAS):協和界面科学(株)社製)である。
セルロースアセテート粒子の製造
トリアセチンを22重量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして混練物を得、得られた混錬物のペレットを34重量部、ポリビニルアルコールを66重量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして分散体を形成し、得られた分散体が5重量%以下となるよう純水と合せ、温度80℃で5時間、回転数200rpmで攪拌した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてセルロースアセテート粒子を得た。
得られたセルロースアセテート粒子について、実施例1と同様にして、表面処理した粒子を得た。
セルロースアセテート粒子の製造
水溶性高分子として、ポリビニルアルコールに代えて、熱可塑性デンプン(三和澱粉工業社製:アルファ化タピオカ澱粉)80重量部にグリセリン20重量部を混合して100重量部としたものを68重量部用いて分散体を形成した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてセルロースアセテート粒子を得た。
得られたセルロースアセテート粒子について、実施例1と同様にして、表面処理した粒子を得た。
実施例1〜3と同様にして、それぞれセルロースアセテート粒子を得たが、セルロースアセテート粒子の表面処理を行わなかった。上記の方法により、得られたセルロースアセテート粒子について各物性の測定及び評価を行った。結果は表1及び図4に示す。
Claims (10)
- セルロースアセテートを含む粒子であって、
前記粒子は、平均粒子径が80nm以上100μm以下、真球度が0.7以上1.0以下、表面平滑度が80%以上100%以下、及び水に対する表面接触角が100°以上であり、
前記セルロースアセテートのアセチル総置換度が0.7以上2.9以下である、セルロースアセテートを含む粒子。 - 前記水に対する表面接触角が120°以上である、請求項1に記載の粒子。
- 前記セルロースアセテートのアセチル総置換度が2.0以上2.6未満である、請求項1又は2に記載の粒子。
- 前記粒子が可塑剤を含有し、
前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記粒子の重量に対して1重量%以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の粒子。 - 前記可塑剤が、クエン酸系可塑剤、グリセリンエステル系可塑剤、アジピン酸系可塑剤、及びフタル酸系可塑剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも1以上である、請求項4に記載の粒子。
- グリセリンエステル系可塑剤がトリアセチンである、請求項5に記載の粒子。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の粒子を含有する、化粧品組成物。
- セルロースアセテート粒子を親油性付与剤で表面処理する工程を有し、
前記セルロースアセテート粒子は、平均粒子径が80nm以上100μm以下、及び真球度が0.7以上1.0以下、表面平滑度が80%以上100%以下であり、
前記セルロースアセテートのアセチル総置換度が0.7以上2.9以下である、請求項1に記載の粒子の製造方法。 - 前記親油性付与剤がシリコーン系成分を含む、請求項8に記載の粒子の製造方法。
- 前記表面処理が湿式処理法による表面処理である、請求項9に記載のセルロースアセテートを含む粒子の製造方法。
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