JP5369580B2 - 膜電極接合体とその製造方法、および固体高分子形燃料電池 - Google Patents
膜電極接合体とその製造方法、および固体高分子形燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
膜収縮速度E(m/s)とブラウン拡散速度D/H(m/s)の比を一般的にペクレ数と呼び、Pe=EH/D・・・(i)と書ける。ここで、膜収縮速度E(m/s)は、厚さ方向の膜収縮速度であり、乾燥時の膜厚の変化量を乾燥時間で除することにより求めることができる。また、D(m2/s)はブラウン運動の拡散係数であり、H(m)は塗工直後のウェット膜厚である。粒子半径をR(m)、塗液粘度をu(Pa・s)、乾燥温度をT(K)、ボルツマン定数をkとしたときに、D=kT/6πuR・・・(ii)とすることができ、Pe=6πuEHR/kT・・・(iii)となる。一般的に触媒担持粒子と高分子電解質と溶媒とを含む触媒インクと、高分子電解質と溶媒とを含む電解質インクは直径が不均一な粒子の分散系であり、かつ溶媒は多種用いているが、このような場合でもペクレ数という指標が、作製する膜電極接合体の構造を決め、結果として機械強度、電極触媒層のガス拡散性、排水性を支配することを見出した。このときの粒子半径には、触媒を担持させている微粒子の平均粒径を用いている。
白金担持カーボン触媒と、20質量%高分子電解質溶液(ナフィオン:登録商標、Dupont社製)を溶媒中で混合し、遊星型ボールミルで分散処理を行った。ボールミルのポット、ボールにはジルコニア製のものを用いた。出発原料の組成比を白金担持カーボンと高分子電解質(ナフィオン:商標登録、Dupont社製)の質量比で2:1とした触媒インクを調整した。溶媒は水、エタノール、メタノールを体積比で1:1:1とした。
次に、比較例について説明する。
白金担持カーボン触媒と、20質量%高分子電解質溶液(ナフィオン:登録商標、Dupont社製)を溶媒中で混合し、遊星型ボールミルで分散処理を行った。ボールミルのポット、ボールにはジルコニア製のものを用いた。出発原料の組成比を白金担持カーボンと高分子電解質(ナフィオン:商標登録、Dupont社製)の質量比で2:1とした触媒インクを調整した。溶媒は水、エタノール、メタノールを体積比で1:1:1とした。
1´´ 電解質インク
1´ 第2の塗膜
2 第1の電極触媒層
2´´ 第1の触媒インク
2´ 第1の塗膜
3 第2の電極触媒層
3´´ 第2の触媒インク
3´ 第3の塗膜
A 膜電極接合体
S 基材
4 空気極側ガス拡散層
5 燃料極側ガス拡散層
6 空気極(カソード)
7 燃料極(アノード)
8 ガス流路
9 冷却水路
10 セパレータ
Claims (3)
- 高分子電解質層の両面を電極触媒層で挟持した膜電極接合体の製造方法であって、
基材上に、第1の触媒担持粒子と第1の高分子電解質と第1の溶媒とを含む第1の触媒インクを塗布して形成した第1の塗膜を、ペクレ数Peが、1≦Pe≦500である乾燥条件で、前記第1の溶媒を除去することにより、第1の電極触媒層を形成し、
前記第1の電極触媒層上に、第2の高分子電解質と第2の溶媒とを含む電解質インクを塗布して形成した第2の塗膜中の前記第2の溶媒を除去することにより、高分子電解質層を形成し、
前記高分子電解質層上に、第2の触媒担持粒子と第3の高分子電解質と第3の溶媒とを含む第2の触媒インクを塗布して形成した第3の塗膜中の前記第3の溶媒を除去することにより、第2の電極触媒層を形成することを特徴とする膜電極接合体の製造方法。 - 前記第2の触媒インクを塗布して形成した前記第3の塗膜の乾燥条件は、ペクレ数Peが、100≦Pe≦1000であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜電極接合体の製造方法。
- 前記第1の高分子電解質と、前記第2の高分子電解質と、前記第3の高分子電解質とが同一の材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の膜電極接合体の製造方法。
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