JP4139816B2 - データキャリア - Google Patents
データキャリア Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4139816B2 JP4139816B2 JP2005018756A JP2005018756A JP4139816B2 JP 4139816 B2 JP4139816 B2 JP 4139816B2 JP 2005018756 A JP2005018756 A JP 2005018756A JP 2005018756 A JP2005018756 A JP 2005018756A JP 4139816 B2 JP4139816 B2 JP 4139816B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hologram
- data carrier
- layer
- holograms
- variable element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S283/901—Concealed data
Landscapes
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)
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- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
- Manufacturing Optical Record Carriers (AREA)
- Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
Description
第1図は、転写方法に基づくエンボス化したホログラムの製造およびそのデータキャリアへの利用における重要なステージを示しており、前記ステージは現在の技術状態では通例用いられている。
通常、ホログラムは後述するオブジェクト(対象物)から製造されるので、モデルは、現在用いられているホログラフィー技術では、1:1のスケールでなければならない。このための必要な中間ステップ5は、第2図のPos.5で示されている。モデルが存在する時は、レーザ再構成可能なホログラムを中間ステップ6で銀被膜化されたフィルム上に形成する。また"一次ホログラム"と称せられるこのホログラムは、所謂"レインボウ技術"によって第2ホログラムフィルム上にコピーされるので、ホログラフィーイメージを(レーザを使用しない)白色光で見ることが可能となる。このコピー操作で好んで使用される感光材はフォトレジスト層である。この方法では、網点構造からなる一次ホログラムを表面のレリーフ構造に変換する。このようにして生成されたホログラムは、通例"二次ホログラム"と称せられる。ステップ1における最終の中間ステップ7では、"エンボスマスター"が電鋳法で二次ホログラムから製造される。ホログラフィー情報は表面のレリーフ構造の形でマスターに存在する。
中間ステップ7で生成されたエンボスマスターは、高価なユニケートであり、また通常損傷および摩耗の危険性からホログラムをエンボス化するのには用いられない。その代わり、ツーステージ法またはマルチステージ法を使用して、再度電鋳法でエンボスマスターから"サブマスター"を成形し(中間ステップ8)、それらからダイプレートを成形する(中間ステップ9)。エンボスマスターで開始すると、サブマスターはネガレリーフ構造として生成される。ダイプレートをサブマスターからポジレリーフ構造として生成し、このダイプレートが表面のレリーフ構造をプラスチック材にエンボス加工するのに使用される。ダイプレートの寿命は、10,000回のエンボス化を越えることが殆どないため、かなりの数のダイプレートを製造する必要がある。
転写バンドは多層構造を有し且つ少なくともキャリア層および多層エンボス層から成っている。転写バンドはいくつかの方法ステップで製造され、第2図に示すように、準備ステップ10、ホログラムエンボスステップ11および仕上ステップ12に分割される。
製品、例えば、カード、ペーパー等へのホログラムの転写は、既に述べたように、ステップ4で行なわれる。転写バンドの製造のように、中間の半製品を中間ステップ13で生成する。識別カードの場合、これは、プリントカード上の刻印が既にカバーホイルで被覆されたカードブランクであり、必要なら、磁気ストリップ、サインストリップ等を構えても良い。しかしながら、この形で存在するカードブランクは、通常カード所有者のパーソナルデータを表さない。
第5図は、ホログラムを製造すると共に、可能な個別化方法で同ホログラムをデータキャリアに供給するための全製造順序をフローチャートで示している。基準ホログラムを個別化するための本発明の着想に特に適合した方法ステップのみ説明する。第2図と比較したとき、第5図がより理解しやすくなるように、ここでは同じステップに同じ番号を付してある。
通常、ダイプレートはレリーフ構造のガルバーニックコピーによって製造される。製造方法として、ワンステージ法またはツーステージ法がある。しばしば適用されるツーステージ法では、例えば、エポキシ樹脂等の硬化可能なプラスチック配合物をマスター(エンボスマスターまたはサブマスター)の表面に添加する。硬化後、そのプラスチックをマスターから分離して、レリーフ構造の雌型を形成する。電気めっきによって、ニッケル層をこの雌型に加える。マスターのポジティブコピーであるニッケル層は、プレスダイの製造の基礎となる。
転写バンド19の製造は幾つかのステップで行なわれる。準備ステップ10では、分離層21、続いて保護用ラッカーから成る保護層22、そして最後に熱可塑性層23をキャリアバンド20、例えば、ポリエステルホイルに加え、第7図に示す原バンド28を形成する。通例、金属層24は、後記するエンボス化ホログラムが反射ホログラムになる場合、最上部層に真空蒸着される。透過型ホログラムに関しては、金属層24が省略される。
次のホログラムエンボスステップ11では、ホログラフィックレリーフ構造が、熱および圧力の作用下で真空蒸着層である金属層24にエンボス化される。製造方法に応じてエンボス化および金属層24の形成を当然逆の順序で実行することができる。最終ステップ12では、保護用ラッカーの第2保護層25およびその上に配置されたヒートシール層26が加えられる。最終形態としての転写バンド19の断面は第3図に示す通りである。
例えば、第3図に示された転写バンド19の最終仕上の後には、他の種々の実行可能な個別化方法がある。この実施例では、転写バンド19が完成中間製品として存在するので、この段階における個別化は特に有利である。転写バンド19は、この段階で存在する保護層によって、損傷から比較的良く保護される。
ホログラムに使用した方法を基板30上に選択的に適用することによって一層の効果が得られる。基板30の表面にマーキングが施され、このマーキングは、ホログラムによって全体的にまたは部分的にカバーされ、ホログラムを介して認識可能である。
この方法ステップでは、ホログラム17は、加熱された転写ダイ34によって転写バンド19から基板30へ転写される。この転写は転写ダイ34の接触面の下方においてのみ行なわれる。転写ダイ34の除去後、ホログラム17は、転写バンド19が除去される時、転写ダイ19の接触面のエッジに沿って裂ける。従って、基板30に接着するホログラム17は、転写ダイ19の輪郭形状を持つことになる。
この方法ステップでは、基板30に転写されたホログラム17が一部除去され、あるいは、適当な層の変更または破壊によって修正される。
上記個別化方法AからGは、ダイプレート製造、転写バンド製造および製品製造の種々のステップに基づいてホログラムの個別化を可能にする。基準ホログラムを作成する際、同じエンボスマスターの使用にも関わらず、非常に様々な基準ホログラムを製造するための色々な変更を行なう方法を提供できる。最終製品におけるこれらホログラム17は、個々の特徴化に対してだけでなく、製品に設けられたデータの保護に対しても適用可能である。
序論に述べたように、発明の個別化方法は、転写されるエンボス化ホログラムには特に有益である。しかしながら、本発明の利用はこの種のホログラムに限定されない。発明の利用について、容積フィルム・ホログラムに関連して以下に説明する。
容積ホログラムを個別化するのに使用すべき個別化方法は、エンボス化ホログラムに関連して説明したものと非常に似ている。
個別化ホログラムは、このホログラムが最終製品上に如何に存在するかによって下記の如く区別される幅広い応用分野を有している。ホログラムをデータキャリアの表面に加えることは、一般に行なわれている。データキャリアとしてはペーパーを用いることができる。この対象となるものは、銀行券、識別ドキュメント等がある。また、プラスチックを用いることもできる。この対象となるものは、識別カード、プラスチック式銀行券、ビデオテープカセット等がある。特殊な実施例では、ホログラムが製品の所定部分に制限を加えることが可能である。また、他の特殊な実施例では、ホログラムは製品の全表面をカバーする。
Claims (11)
- 複数のデータキャリアを組とし、他の組のデータキャリアから当該組を識別可能とする視認可能な基準情報を表す回折構造を備えた多層構造からなる光学的可変素子が、カード基板上に装着されて識別カード又はクレジットカードを構成するデータキャリアにおいて、
前記基準情報を表す前記回折構造を有した回折層の一部領域がレーザを用いて破壊されるとともに、前記カード基板の一部領域が前記レーザを用いて不可逆的に変形されることで、前記回折層の前記一部領域から前記カード基板の前記一部領域に至る連続する領域に、前記レーザにより生成されたマイクロレリーフを有する視認可能な個別情報が記録されて構成されることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項1記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
視認可能な前記個別情報は、前記レーザにより黒化された前記マイクロレリーフとして記録されることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項1または2記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記回折層は、前記光学的可変素子の内部層であることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記光学的可変素子は、1以上の層に前記レーザの放射を吸収する吸収色または添加剤が加えられることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記光学的可変素子は、視認可能な個別情報が形成される金属層を有することを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記光学的可変素子を構成する所定の層に個別情報を表すプリントパターンが形成されることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項6記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記光学的可変素子は、反射および透明エリアからなるスクリーンとして形成される金属層を有し、前記プリントパターンが前記スクリーンを介して視認可能に構成されることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項6または7記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記プリントパターンは、非可視スペクトル領域内で読出し可能に形成されることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項6記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記光学的可変素子は、可視光領域において不透明である一方、赤外領域において透明な金属層を有し、赤外光反射色からなる前記プリントパターンが前記金属層の下に配置されることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記光学的可変素子は、個別情報を表す外形形状を備えることを特徴とするデータキャリア。 - 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のデータキャリアにおいて、
前記光学的可変素子の少なくとも1つの層は、個別情報を表す色によって着色されることを特徴とするデータキャリア。
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DE3932505A DE3932505C2 (de) | 1989-09-28 | 1989-09-28 | Datenträger mit einem optisch variablen Element |
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JP2002177625A Pending JP2003121625A (ja) | 1989-09-28 | 2002-06-18 | 光学的可変素子を備えたデータキャリアおよびその製造方法 |
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JP2002177625A Pending JP2003121625A (ja) | 1989-09-28 | 2002-06-18 | 光学的可変素子を備えたデータキャリアおよびその製造方法 |
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- 1990-09-27 ES ES02011849T patent/ES2223997T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-27 ES ES04025442T patent/ES2293146T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-27 EP EP04025442A patent/EP1501045B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-27 DE DE59010944T patent/DE59010944D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-27 EP EP90118621A patent/EP0420261B1/de not_active Revoked
- 1990-09-27 AT AT02011849T patent/ATE275482T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-27 DE DE59010937T patent/DE59010937D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-27 EP EP01106849A patent/EP1132862A3/de not_active Ceased
- 1990-09-27 DE DE59010939T patent/DE59010939D1/de not_active Revoked
- 1990-09-27 EP EP02006489A patent/EP1229492B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1990-09-27 SG SG1996002181A patent/SG46291A1/en unknown
- 1990-09-27 AT AT90118621T patent/ATE178152T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-27 DE DE59010940T patent/DE59010940D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1990-09-27 EP EP02011850A patent/EP1241618B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-27 AT AT02006489T patent/ATE298116T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-27 DE DE59010945T patent/DE59010945D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-27 EP EP02011849A patent/EP1241022B1/de not_active Revoked
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- 1990-09-27 ES ES90118621T patent/ES2129019T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1990-09-28 CA CA002026542A patent/CA2026542C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1990-09-28 JP JP2260311A patent/JPH03185485A/ja active Pending
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1994
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1998
- 1998-02-13 US US09/023,430 patent/US6337752B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2001
- 2001-10-19 US US09/982,194 patent/US6954293B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
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KR102114169B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-05-25 | 한국조폐공사 | 보안성이 향상된 다층 데이터 캐리어 및 이의 제조방법 |
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