JP2019523064A - 歯科診断機能を有する口腔内スキャナ - Google Patents
歯科診断機能を有する口腔内スキャナ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本特許出願は、2016年7月27日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/367,607号、件名「歯科診断機能を有する口腔内スキャナ(INTRAORAL SCANNER WITH DENTAL DIAGNOSTICS CAPABILITIES)」、2017年3月27日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/477,387号、件名「歯科診断機能を有する口腔内スキャナ(INTRAORAL SCANNER WITH DENTAL DIAGNOSTICS CAPABILITIES)」、及び2017年6月9日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/517,467号、件名「物体のボリュメトリックモデルを形成する最小値リフティング(MINIMAL VALUE LIFTING TO FORM A VOLUMETRIC MODEL OF AN OBJECT)」のそれぞれの優先権を主張するものである。これらのそれぞれは、参照によってその全内容が本明細書に組み込まれている。
文献の引用
上述のように、3D表面データと、いずれかの内部形状データ(浸透画像化データを含み、これに限定されない)とを組み合わせること、及び/又は連係させることが特に有用でありうる。例えば、浸透画像化データなどの内部形状データと、口腔内スキャナの同じ又はほぼ同じ位置から収集された表面データ(表面画像化データ)とを、両タイプのデータに同じ座標系を適用できるように組み合わせてよい。
図11A〜11Iは、近赤外徹照(「TI」)などの浸透波長を使用する、内部歯構造のボリュメトリックモデル化の一例を示す。この例では歯の中に損傷があり、光が損傷の下方、又は損傷の高さにある場合に損傷を検出することが可能である。光が損傷の下方にある場合、損傷は光を吸収する為、損傷は画像内で暗いスポットとして表示される。図11Dでは、損傷がある歯が、歯の上方にある(歯の閉塞面の上方に位置する)スキャナセンサ1101とともに示されている。スキャナは、1つ又は(図11D〜11Fに示されるように)2つの光源(発光器)1105、1105’を含み、これらは矢印で示されるように近赤外光を発光する。光は歯に浸透し、センサ1101は、図11Aに示されるように、損傷による光の閉塞を検出する。
本明細書では更に、(物体に対して相対的な)カメラの位置が与えられている、物体を透過した複数の浸透性画像(本明細書では「浸透画像」とも呼ぶ)に基づいて、歯又は他の半透明で散乱が強い物体の内部構造の画像を生成する方法及び装置について説明する。従って、これらの方法及び装置は、外部表面のモデルを必要とせずに内部構造の(3次元モデルを含む)画像を生成することが可能である。
歯(又は他の半透明で散乱が強い物体)の内部構造の画像を生成する為に、任意の適切な方法及び装置(例えば、システム、デバイス、ソフトウェア等)が使用されてよい。例えば、上述の散乱係数の使用に対する代替又は追加として、本明細書に記載の装置及び方法はいずれも、2次元浸透画像を、画像化される物体(例えば、歯)に対する口腔内スキャナの相対的な位置及び/又は方位の情報とともに使用して、2次元浸透画像を区分し、物体の1つ以上の内部構造を含む歯の3次元モデルを形成することが可能である。浸透画像は、近赤外波長及び/又は赤外波長により取得される、物体(例えば、歯)の内部構造を明らかにする画像を意味してよい。スキャナの位置及び/又は方位は、スキャナ上(例えば、手持ち式ワンド上)にあって画像を取得するカメラの位置及び/又は方位の代わりであってよい。
本明細書に記載の装置はいずれも、口腔内スキャナワンドを保護するように構成された1つ以上のスリーブを含んでもよいが、その機能性を拡張すること、及び/又は徹照などの、浸透波長での用途にスキャナを適合させることを行うように構成されてもよい。図29A〜31Bに示されたスリーブは、スキャナが様々な患者に使用される可能性があり、又、赤外/近赤外波長画像化による徹照を提供するアダプタとしても使用される可能性もあることから、口腔内スキャナのワンド部分の汚染を防ぐバリア(例えば、衛生バリア)として使用されてよいスリーブの一例である。これらの図面のスリーブは、電気的結合部を有する徹照スリーブとして構成される。例えば、本明細書に記載のスリーブは、浸透波長の照明(例えば、近赤外及び/又は赤外LED)と1つ以上のセンサ(例えば、CCD)の両方を含んでよく、或いは既にワンド上にある同じカメラを使用してよい。
Claims (140)
- 口腔内スキャナを使用して被験者の歯の3次元(3D)ボリュメトリックモデルを生成する方法であって、
前記被験者の歯の上で口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記口腔内スキャナを使用して前記歯の少なくとも一部分の3D表面モデルデータを捕捉するステップと、
前記歯の同じ内部領域の複数の画像が画像化されるように、前記歯の上で前記口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記口腔内スキャナで近赤外波長を使用して前記歯の内部の複数の画像を取得するステップと、
前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像のそれぞれについて、前記3D表面モデルデータを使用して前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの位置を特定するステップと、
前記複数の画像と、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの前記位置とを使用して、内部形状を含む、前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルを形成するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 口腔内スキャナを使用して被験者の歯の3次元(3D)ボリュメトリックモデルを生成する方法であって、
前記被験者の歯の上で口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記口腔内スキャナを使用して前記歯の少なくとも一部分の3D表面モデルデータを捕捉するステップと、
前記歯の上で前記口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、近赤外波長を使用して前記歯の内部の複数の画像を取得することを、前記口腔内スキャナから近赤外光を第1の偏光で発光することと、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光を前記口腔内スキャナ内の画像センサで検出することと、によって行うステップであって、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光はフィルタリングされて鏡面反射を除去され、前記除去は、前記画像センサに到達する前の、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光から前記第1の偏光の近赤外光をフィルタリングすることにより行われる、前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像を取得する前記ステップと、
前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像のそれぞれについて、前記複数の画像のそれぞれが捕捉された時点で、前記3D表面モデルデータを使用して前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの位置を特定するステップと、
前記複数の画像と、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの前記位置とを使用して、内部形状を含む、前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルを形成するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像を取得する前記ステップは、前記口腔内スキャナから近赤外光を第1の偏光で発光することと、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光を前記口腔内スキャナ内の画像センサで検出することと、を含み、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光はフィルタリングされて鏡面反射を除去され、前記除去は、前記画像センサに到達する前の、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光から前記第1の偏光の近赤外光をフィルタリングすることにより行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光はフィルタリングされて鏡面反射を除去され、前記除去は、前記画像センサに到達する前の、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光から前記第1の偏光の前記近赤外光の全て又はほぼ全てをフィルタリングすることにより行われる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップは、共焦点フォーカシングを用いて3D表面トポロジを特定することを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップは、共焦点スキャン、立体視を用いることを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップは、構造化光三角測量を用いることを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップは、前記歯及び歯肉のモデルを捕捉することを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記歯の上で前記口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記歯の3Dカラーモデルを捕捉するステップを更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記歯の上で前記口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップと、前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像を取得する前記ステップと、を切り換えることを更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の画像を取得する前記ステップは、前記口腔内スキャナ上の同じセンサを使用して、前記3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像とを捕捉することを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像を取得するステップは小角度浸透画像を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像を取得するステップは、前記口腔内スキャナ上の別のセンサを使用して、3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像とを捕捉することを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルを形成する前記ステップは、前記3D表面モデルデータと前記内部構造の3Dモデルとを組み合わせることを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 内部構造にマーキングを行うことを更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 被験者の歯の3次元(3D)ボリュメトリックモデルを生成する口腔内スキャンシステムであって、
少なくとも1つの画像センサと複数の光源とを有する手持ち式ワンドであって、前記光源は、第1のスペクトル範囲と第2のスペクトル範囲とで光を発光するように構成されており、前記第2のスペクトル範囲は近赤外波長範囲内である、前記手持ち式ワンドと、
前記手持ち式ワンドに作用的に接続された1つ以上のプロセッサであって、
前記被験者の歯の上で口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記歯の少なくとも一部分の3D表面モデルデータを捕捉するステップと、
前記歯の同じ内部領域の複数の画像が画像化されるように、前記歯の上で前記口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記第2のスペクトル範囲の光を使用して前記歯の内部の複数の画像を取得するステップと、
前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像のそれぞれについて、前記3D表面モデルデータを使用して前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記手持ち式ワンドの位置を特定するステップと、
前記複数の画像と、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの前記位置とを使用して、内部形状を含む、前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルを形成するステップと、
を実施するように構成された前記1つ以上のプロセッサと、
を含むシステム。 - 被験者の歯の3次元(3D)ボリュメトリックモデルを生成する口腔内スキャンシステムであって、
少なくとも1つの画像センサと複数の光源とを有する手持ち式ワンドであって、前記光源は、第1のスペクトル範囲と第2のスペクトル範囲とで光を発光するように構成されており、前記第2のスペクトル範囲は近赤外波長範囲内である、前記手持ち式ワンドと、
前記画像センサの前部にあって、前記第2のスペクトル範囲及び第1の偏光の光をフィルタリングするように構成されたフィルタと、
前記手持ち式ワンドに作用的に接続された1つ以上のプロセッサであって、
前記被験者の歯の上で口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記歯の少なくとも一部分の3D表面モデルデータを捕捉するステップと、
前記歯の上で前記口腔内スキャナを動かしながら、前記第2のスペクトルの光を使用して前記歯の内部の複数の画像を取得することを、前記口腔内スキャナから近赤外光を第1の偏光で発光することと、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光を前記口腔内スキャナ内の画像センサで検出することと、によって行うステップであって、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光はフィルタリングされて鏡面反射を除去され、前記除去は、前記画像センサに到達する前の、前記口腔内スキャナに戻る前記近赤外光から前記第1の偏光の近赤外光をフィルタリングすることにより行われる、前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像を取得する前記ステップと、
前記歯の内部の前記複数の画像のそれぞれについて、前記3D表面モデルデータを使用して前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記手持ち式ワンドの位置を特定するステップと、
前記複数の画像と、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの前記位置とを使用して、内部形状を含む、前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルを形成するステップと、
を実施するように構成された前記1つ以上のプロセッサと、
を含むシステム。 - 前記手持ち式ワンドは、前記画像センサに加えて少なくとも1つのセカンダリ画像センサを追加で含む、請求項16又は17に記載のシステム。
- 前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、共焦点フォーカシングを用いることによって表面情報を特定するように構成されている、請求項16又は17に記載のシステム。
- 前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、共焦点スキャン、立体視、又は構造化光三角測量を用いることによって表面情報を特定するように構成されている、請求項16又は17に記載のシステム。
- 前記手持ち式ワンドは、前記第2のスペクトル範囲により取得される画像が表面スキャンと座標系を共有するように前記第1のスペクトル範囲と前記第2のスペクトル範囲とを切り換えることによって、前記第1のスペクトル範囲の光を発光して前記表面スキャンを実施することと、前記第2のスペクトル範囲の光を発光して内部構造を検出することと、を巡回するように構成されている、請求項16又は17に記載のシステム。
- 前記画像センサは、前記3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の前記内部データとの両方を捕捉するように構成されている、請求項16又は17に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の光源は白色光光源を含む、請求項16又は17に記載のシステム。
- 更に、前記複数の光源及び前記画像センサは、前記第2のスペクトル範囲で発光される光が歯で反射され、前記1つ以上のセンサによって0°から15°の角度で受光されるように配置されている、請求項16又は17に記載のシステム。
- 被験者の歯のモデルを生成する方法であって、
被験者の歯の一部分を口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、前記歯の3次元(3D)表面モデルデータを捕捉する第1のモダリティにより行うステップと、
前記被験者の歯の前記一部分を前記口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、浸透波長を使用して前記歯の内部を画像化して前記歯の内部データを捕捉する第2のモダリティにより行うステップと、
前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティとを巡回するステップであって、前記浸透波長を使用する画像が、前記第1のモダリティで捕捉される前記3D表面モデルデータと座標系を共有するように、前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティとが巡回によって高速で切り換えられる、前記巡回するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 被験者の歯のモデルを生成する方法であって、
被験者の歯の一部分を手持ち式口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、前記歯の3次元(3D)表面モデルデータを捕捉する第1のモダリティにより行うステップと、
前記被験者の歯の前記一部分を前記手持ち式口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、浸透波長を使用して前記歯の内部を画像化して前記歯の内部データを捕捉する第2のモダリティにより行うステップと、
前記内部データが、前記第1のモダリティで捕捉される前記3D表面モデルデータと同じ座標系を使用するように、前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティとが巡回によって高速で切り換えられるスキャン方式により、前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティとを巡回するステップと、
前記捕捉された3D表面モデルデータ、前記内部データ、又は前記3D表面モデルデータ及び前記内部データの両方に基づいて、前記スキャン方式を調節するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の前記内部データとを組み合わせて、前記歯の3Dモデルを形成するステップを更に含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の前記内部データとを組み合わせて、前記歯の3Dモデルを形成し、内部構造にマーキングを行うステップを更に含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップは、共焦点フォーカシングを使用して3D表面トポロジを特定することを含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップは、共焦点スキャン、立体視、又は構造化光三角測量を用いることを含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯及び歯肉をスキャンすることを更に含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 更に、前記巡回するステップは、前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティと第3のモダリティとを巡回することを含み、前記浸透波長を使用する画像が、前記第1のモダリティで捕捉される前記3D表面モデルと座標系を共有するように、前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティと前記第3のモダリティとが巡回によって高速で切り換えられる、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の前記一部分を前記口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、前記被験者の歯のカラー画像を捕捉する第3のモダリティにより行うステップを更に含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記口腔内スキャナ上のセンサを使用して、前記3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の前記内部データとの両方を捕捉するステップを更に含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の前記一部分を前記口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、前記第2のモダリティにより行うステップは、前記歯を照明することを、前記照明を受光するセンサに対して0°から15°の角度で行うことを含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の前記一部分を前記口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、前記第2のモダリティにより行うステップは、照明源とセンサとの間の異なる複数の角度で複数の徹照画像又は小角度浸透画像を取得することを含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記口腔内スキャナ上の別のセンサを使用して、前記3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の前記内部データとを捕捉するステップを更に含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記口腔内スキャナ上の複数のセンサを使用して、前記歯の内部データを捕捉するステップを更に含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の前記一部分を前記口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、前記第2のモダリティにより行うステップは、白色光徹照、UV/青色蛍光、及び赤色光蛍光のうちの1つ以上で照明することを含む、請求項25又は26に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の前記一部分を前記口腔内スキャナでスキャンすることを、前記第2のモダリティにより行うステップは、赤外光で照明することを含む、請求項30又は31に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のモダリティでのスキャンに費やされる継続時間、前記第2のモダリティで費やされる前記継続時間、又は前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティとを巡回する場合に前記第1のモダリティ及び前記第2のモダリティで費やされる前記継続時間を自動的に調節するステップを更に含む、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のモダリティでのスキャンに費やされる継続時間、前記第2のモダリティで費やされる前記継続時間、又は前記第1のモダリティと前記第2のモダリティとを巡回する場合に前記第1のモダリティ及び前記第2のモダリティで費やされる前記継続時間を、前記捕捉された3D表面モデルデータ、前記内部データ、又は前記3D表面モデルデータ及び前記内部データの両方に基づいて、自動的に調節するステップを更に含む、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記スキャン方式を調節する前記ステップは、前記捕捉された3D表面モデルデータの品質の特定に関する品質に基づいて調節することを含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記スキャン方式を調節する前記ステップは、前記スキャン方式を自動的に調節することを含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記スキャン方式を調節する前記ステップは、前記第1のモダリティでのスキャンの継続時間を調節することを含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記スキャン方式を調節する前記ステップは、前記第2のモダリティでのスキャンの継続時間を調節することを含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 被験者の歯のモデルを生成する口腔内スキャンシステムであって、
少なくとも1つのセンサと複数の光源とを有する手持ち式口腔内ワンドであって、前記光源は、第1のスペクトル範囲と第2のスペクトル範囲とで光を発光するように構成されており、更に、前記第2のスペクトル範囲は浸透性である、前記手持ち式口腔内ワンドと、
前記手持ち式口腔内ワンドに作用的に接続された1つ以上のプロセッサであって、前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、第1のモードと第2のモードとを前記ワンドに巡回させるように構成されており、前記第1のモードでは、前記ワンドが前記第1のスペクトル範囲の光を第1の継続時間にわたって発光し、前記1つ以上のプロセッサが応答として3次元(3D)表面データを受け取り、前記第2のモードでは、前記ワンドが前記第2のスペクトル範囲の光を第2の継続時間にわたって発光し、前記1つ以上のプロセッサが応答として画像データを受け取る、前記1つ以上のプロセッサと、
を含むシステム。 - 被験者の歯のモデルを生成する口腔内スキャンシステムであって、
少なくとも1つのセンサと複数の光源とを有する手持ち式口腔内ワンドであって、前記光源は、第1のスペクトル範囲と第2のスペクトル範囲とで光を発光するように構成されており、更に、前記第2のスペクトル範囲は浸透性である、前記手持ち式口腔内ワンドと、
前記ワンドに作用的に接続された1つ以上のプロセッサであって、前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、第1のモードと第2のモードとを前記ワンドに巡回させるように構成されており、前記第1のモードでは、前記ワンドが前記第1のスペクトル範囲の光を第1の継続時間にわたって発光し、前記1つ以上のプロセッサが応答として3次元(3D)表面データを受け取り、前記第2のモードでは、前記ワンドが前記第2のスペクトル範囲の光を第2の継続時間にわたって発光し、前記1つ以上のプロセッサが応答として画像データを受け取る、前記1つ以上のプロセッサと、を含み、
前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、前記受け取られた3D表面データ、前記受け取られた画像データ、又は前記3D表面データ及び前記画像データの両方に基づいて、前記第1の継続時間及び前記第2の継続時間を調節するように構成されている、
システム。 - 前記ワンドは複数のセンサを含む、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、共焦点フォーカシングを用いて前記3次元(3D)表面データから表面情報を特定するように構成されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、共焦点スキャン、立体視、又は構造化光三角測量を用いることによって、応答として前記3次元(3D)表面データから表面情報を特定するように構成されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の継続時間及び前記第2の継続時間は、前記第2のスペクトル範囲で取得される前記画像データが、前記第1のスペクトル範囲で取得される前記3D表面データと座標系を共有するように設定される、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の継続時間及び前記第2の継続時間は100ミリ秒未満であり、これによって、前記第2のスペクトル範囲で取得される前記画像データが、前記第1のスペクトル範囲で取得される前記3D表面データと座標系を共有する、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つのセンサは、前記3D表面モデルデータと前記歯の前記内部データとの両方を捕捉するように構成されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つのセンサは、前記第1のスペクトル範囲の光から前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉するように構成された第1のセンサと、前記センサスペクトル範囲の光から前記歯の前記内部データを捕捉するように構成された第2のセンサと、を含む、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の光源に隣接する複数のセンサを更に含む、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記第2のスペクトル範囲で光を発光するように構成された前記光源は、白色光徹照、UV/青色蛍光、及び赤色光蛍光のうちの1つ以上を発光するように構成されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記第2のスペクトル範囲で光を発光するように構成された前記光源は、赤外光を発光するように構成されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 更に、前記複数の光源及び前記少なくとも1つのセンサは、前記第2のスペクトル範囲で発光される光が歯で反射され、前記1つ以上のセンサによって0°から15°の角度で受光されるように、前記手持ち式ワンド上に配置されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、前記3次元(3D)表面データ及び前記画像データから歯の3Dモデルを形成するように構成されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 前記1つ以上のプロセッサは、前記第1の継続時間及び前記第2の継続時間を、前記受け取られた3D表面データ、前記受け取られた画像データ、又は前記3D表面データ及び前記画像データの両方に基づいて自動的に調節するように構成されている、請求項47又は48に記載のシステム。
- 口腔内スキャナを使用して、被験者の歯の内部を画像化して亀裂及びカリエスを検出する方法であって、
前記被験者の歯の上を前記口腔内スキャナでスキャンするステップと、
近赤外波長及び非浸透波長の両方を発光する前記口腔内スキャナを使用して、様々な向きで前記被験者の歯の内部の複数の近赤外画像を取得するステップと、
前記複数の近赤外画像の画像の各場所に関して、前記非浸透波長を使用して、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの位置を特定するステップと、
前記複数の近赤外画像と、前記複数の近赤外画像の各近赤外画像における、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの前記位置とを使用して、前記被験者の歯の3次元(3D)ボリュメトリックモデルを生成するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記ボリュメトリックモデルを分析して亀裂又はカリエスを識別するステップを更に含む、請求項62に記載の方法。
- 様々な向きで、前記被験者の歯の内部の前記複数の近赤外画像を取得する前記ステップは、小角度画像を取得することを含む、請求項62に記載の方法。
- 様々な向きで、前記被験者の歯の内部の前記複数の近赤外画像を取得する前記ステップは、小角度画像を取得することを含み、前記口腔内スキャナによって発光される近赤外光と受光される近赤外光との間の角度が0度から15度である、請求項62に記載の方法。
- 前記口腔内スキャナは、850nmの波長で光を発光する、請求項62に記載の方法。
- 前記口腔内スキャナから近赤外光を発光して前記複数の近赤外画像を第1の偏光で取得するステップと、前記患者の歯から戻る前記赤外光をフィルタリングして鏡面反射を除去することを、前記患者の歯から戻る前記赤外光をフィルタリングして、前記第1の偏光を有する光を除去することにより行うステップと、を更に含む、請求項62に記載の方法。
- 被験者の歯を透過する画像化を行って亀裂及びカリエスを検出する方法であって、
前記被験者の歯を複数の位置からスキャンするステップであって、前記各位置において、
口腔内スキャナを使用して、様々な向きで前記歯の内部の複数の近赤外画像を取得するステップであって、前記口腔内スキャナは近赤外波長の光を第1の偏光で発光し、各近赤外画像において、発光される光と画像センサによって受光される光との間の角度が0度から15度であり、更に、受光される近赤外光がフィルタリングされて、前記第1の偏光の近赤外光が遮られる、複数の近赤外画像を取得する前記ステップと、
前記複数の近赤外画像の画像の各場所に関して、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記口腔内スキャナの位置を特定するステップと、
を繰り返すことを含む、前記スキャンするステップと、
前記浸透画像及び前記表面位置情報を使用して、前記歯の3次元(3D)ボリュメトリックモデルを生成するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記被験者の歯の3D表面モデルデータを捕捉するステップを更に含む、請求項68に記載の方法。
- 前記3D表面モデルデータを捕捉する前記ステップは、共焦点スキャン、立体視、又は構造化光三角測量を用いることを含む、請求項69に記載の方法。
- 前記スキャンするステップは、前記近赤外波長と非浸透波長とを切り換えることを含む、請求項68に記載の方法。
- 被験者の歯の3次元(3D)ボリュメトリックモデルを形成する方法であって、
カメラセンサで前記被験者の歯の複数の近赤外画像を取得するステップであって、前記複数の近赤外画像の為の近赤外照明は、ほぼ前記カメラセンサの方向から投射される、前記複数の近赤外画像を取得する前記ステップと、
前記複数の近赤外画像のそれぞれについて、前記被験者の歯に対して相対的な前記カメラの位置を表す位置データを受け取るステップと、
ボリューム内の各点について、前記複数の近赤外画像及び前記位置データから散乱係数の上限を生成するステップと、
ボリューム内の各点についての散乱係数の前記上限を組み合わせて、前記被験者の歯の3Dボリュメトリックモデルを形成するステップと、
前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルを出力するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記出力するステップは、前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルから等値面を形成することを含む、請求項72に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の外部表面を表す表面データを受け取るステップを更に含み、前記生成するステップは、前記ボリューム内の各点について、前記被験者の歯の前記外部表面内で実施される、請求項72に記載の方法。
- 前記出力するステップは、前記被験者の歯の前記3Dボリュメトリックモデルから、内部象牙質表面に対応する等値面を形成することを含む、請求項72に記載の方法。
- 前記位置データは、前記複数の近赤外画像のそれぞれが捕捉される時点における前記カメラの位置及び方位のデータを含む、請求項72に記載の方法。
- 前記位置データは、前記カメラの、3次元空間の3つの数値座標と、ピッチ、ヨー、及びロールとを含む、請求項72に記載の方法。
- 前記ボリューム内の各点について前記散乱係数の前記上限を生成する前記ステップは、
前記被験者の歯の前記ボリュームに対応する3D点群グリッドの各点を、第1の較正を用いて、前記複数の近赤外画像のそれぞれに投影することと、
各投影点の輝度値のリストを生成することと、
前記輝度値リスト上の各輝度値を、ボリューム応答に応じて散乱係数に変換することと、
各グリッド点について、前記散乱係数のうちの最小散乱係数値を記憶することと、
を含む、
請求項72に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の較正は、前記カメラのセンサ問題及び画像ゴーストを較正する為の固定パターンノイズ較正を含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の較正は、空間内の既知の点を画像上の点に投影する前記カメラの変換を決定するカメラ較正を含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 放射波長範囲において半透明である歯からボリュメトリック構造を再構築する方法であって、
前記歯の表面の、第1の座標系での表現を、プロセッサにおいて受け取るステップと、
カメラによって取得される、前記放射波長範囲の前記歯の複数の画像を前記プロセッサにおいて受け取るステップであって、前記複数の画像は、ほぼ前記カメラの方向から投射される照明により取得される、前記複数の画像を受け取るステップと、
前記複数の画像のそれぞれにおける前記カメラの位置を表す位置データを、前記プロセッサにおいて受け取るステップと、
前記歯の前記表面内のボリュームに対応する点群グリッドの各点を、第1の較正を用いて、前記複数の画像のそれぞれに投影するステップと、
投影された各点の輝度値のリストを生成するステップと、
前記輝度値リスト上の各輝度値を、ボリューム応答に応じて散乱係数に変換するステップと、
各点における最小散乱係数を最小散乱係数リストに記憶するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記最小散乱係数リストから生成された画像を出力するステップを更に含む、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記位置データは、前記複数の画像のそれぞれが捕捉される時点における前記カメラの位置及び方位のデータを含む、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の較正は、前記カメラのセンサ問題及び画像ゴーストを較正する為の固定パターンノイズ較正を含む、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の較正は、空間内の既知の点を画像上の点に投影する前記カメラの変換を決定するカメラ較正を含む、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の外部表面を表す表面データを受け取るステップを更に含み、前記投影するステップは、前記ボリューム内の各点について、前記被験者の歯の前記外部表面内で実施される、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記点群グリッドは立方体グリッドを含む、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記カメラはカメラセンサを含む、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 放射波長範囲において半透明である歯からボリュメトリック構造を再構築する為の命令が記憶されている、非一時的なコンピューティング装置可読媒体であって、前記命令は、
前記歯の表面の、第1の座標系での表現を受け取るステップと、
カメラによって取得される、前記放射波長範囲の前記歯の複数の画像を受け取るステップであって、前記複数の画像は、ほぼ前記カメラの方向から投射される照明により取得される、前記複数の画像を受け取るステップと、
前記複数の画像のそれぞれにおける前記カメラの位置を表す位置データを受け取るステップと、
前記歯のボリュームに対応する点群グリッドの各点を、第1の較正を用いて、前記複数の画像のそれぞれに投影するステップと、
投影された各点の輝度値のリストを生成するステップと、
前記輝度値リスト上の各輝度値を、ボリューム応答に応じて散乱係数に変換するステップと、
前記散乱係数のうちの、各点における最小散乱係数を記憶するステップと、
前記最小散乱係数リストから生成された画像を出力するステップと、
をコンピューティング装置に実施させるように、プロセッサによって実行可能である、
コンピューティング装置可読媒体。 - 前記位置データは、前記複数の近赤外画像のそれぞれが捕捉される時点における前記カメラの位置及び方位のデータを含む、請求項89に記載のデバイス。
- 前記位置データは、前記カメラの、3次元空間の3つの数値座標と、ピッチ、ヨー、及びロールとを含む、請求項89に記載のデバイス。
- 前記第1の較正は、前記カメラのセンサ問題及び画像ゴーストを較正する為の固定パターンノイズ較正を含む、請求項89に記載のデバイス。
- 前記第1の較正は、空間内の既知の点を画像上の点に投影する前記カメラの変換を決定するカメラ較正を含む、請求項89に記載のデバイス。
- 前記点群グリッドは前記歯の内部にある、請求項89に記載のデバイス。
- 前記点群グリッドは立方体グリッドを含む、、請求項89に記載のデバイス。
- 被験者の歯をモデル化する方法であって、
口腔内スキャナにより、前記被験者の歯の内部の複数の画像と、前記複数の画像のそれぞれの画像に固有の、前記口腔内スキャナの位置及び方位とを捕捉するステップと、
前記複数の画像を区分して、前記被験者の歯の中の構造に対応する内部構造を形成するステップと、
前記複数の画像の前記位置及び方位を使用して、前記内部構造を、前記被験者の歯の3次元モデルに投影するステップと、
前記内部構造を含む、前記被験者の歯の前記3次元モデルを表示するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記捕捉するステップは、前記被験者の歯の前記内部の前記複数の画像を捕捉しながら、前記被験者の歯の表面画像を捕捉することを含む、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 前記捕捉された表面画像から、前記被験者の歯の前記3次元モデルを形成するステップを更に含む、請求項97に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の2次元画像を捕捉しながら、前記口腔内スキャナの前記位置及び方位を記憶するステップを更に含む、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の画像を区分するステップは、前記複数の画像にエッジ検出を適用して前記複数の画像の中の閉じた境界を識別することを含む、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の画像を区分するステップは、前記複数の画像からボリュメトリック密度マップを形成して前記内部構造を識別することを含む、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 前記ボリュメトリック密度マップを区分して前記内部構造を識別するステップを更に含む、請求項101に記載の方法。
- 前記ボリュメトリック密度マップの中の等値面を識別することによって前記ボリュメトリック密度マップを区分して前記内部構造を識別するステップを更に含む、請求項102に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の前記3次元モデルを形成する前記ステップは、共焦点フォーカシングを用いて3次元表面トポロジを特定することを含む、請求項103に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の歯の表面画像を捕捉する前記ステップは、共焦点スキャン、立体視、又は構造化光三角測量を用いることを含む、請求項97に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の画像を捕捉する前記ステップは、前記口腔内スキャナにより浸透波長を使用することを含む、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の画像を捕捉する前記ステップは、赤外画像を捕捉することを含む、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 前記画像が捕捉されたときに前記3次元モデルを表示するステップを更に含む、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 被験者の歯のモデルを生成するように構成された口腔内スキャン装置であって、
複数の光源と位置及び方位のセンサとを有する口腔内スキャナであって、前記光源は、第1のスペクトル範囲と第2のスペクトル範囲とで光を発光するように構成されており、更に、前記第2のスペクトル範囲は浸透性である、前記口腔内スキャナと、
前記口腔内スキャナに作用的に接続されたプロセッサであって、前記口腔内スキャナが前記第2のスペクトル範囲で光を発光している場合に、複数の画像と、前記複数の画像のそれぞれに対応する、前記口腔内スキャナの位置及び方位とを捕捉することを、前記スキャナに行わせるように構成された前記1つ以上のプロセッサと、
を含み、
前記プロセッサは、前記複数の画像を区分して、前記被験者の歯の中の構造に対応する内部構造を形成することと、前記内部構造を含む、前記被験者の歯の3次元モデルを表示又は送信することと、を行うように更に構成されている、
装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記複数の画像にエッジ検出を適用して前記複数の画像の中の閉じた境界を識別することにより、前記複数の画像を区分するように構成されている、請求項109に記載の装置。
- 前記プロセッサは、前記複数の画像から画素密度マップを形成して前記複数の画像を区分することにより、前記内部構造を識別するように構成されている、請求項109に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、前記画素密度マップ内の閉じた区分を識別することにより、前記内部構造を識別するように構成されている、請求項109に記載のシステム。
- プロセッサによって実行可能な命令が記憶されている、非一時的なコンピューティング装置可読媒体であって、前記命令は口腔内スキャン装置に、
浸透波長光を使用する複数の画像と、前記複数の画像のそれぞれの画像に固有の、前記口腔内スキャナの位置及び方位とを捕捉するステップと、
前記複数の画像を区分して、被験者の歯の中の構造に対応する内部構造を形成するステップと、
各画像に固有の、前記口腔内スキャナの前記位置及び方位を使用して、前記内部構造を、前記被験者の歯の3次元モデルに投影するステップと、
前記内部構造を含む、前記被験者の歯の前記3次元モデルを表示するステップと、
を実施させる、
コンピューティング装置可読媒体。 - 命令を有する、前記非一時的なコンピューティング装置可読媒体は更に、前記複数の画像にエッジ検出を適用して前記複数の画像の中の閉じた境界を識別することにより前記複数の画像を区分するステップを前記口腔内スキャン装置に実施させるように構成されている、請求項113に記載のデバイス。
- 命令を有する、非一時的なコンピューティング装置可読媒体は更に、前記複数の画像から画素密度マップを形成して前記複数の画像を区分することにより前記内部構造を形成するステップを前記口腔内スキャン装置に実施させるように構成されている、請求項113に記載のデバイス。
- 命令を有する、非一時的なコンピューティング装置可読媒体は更に、前記画素密度マップ内の閉じた区分を識別して前記複数の画像を区分することにより前記内部構造を形成するステップを前記口腔内スキャン装置に実施させるように構成されている、請求項113に記載のデバイス。
- プロセッサによって実行可能な命令が記憶されている、非一時的なコンピューティング装置可読媒体であって、前記命令はコンピューティング装置に、
被験者の歯の3次元表面モデルデータをスキャナから受け取るステップと、
前記被験者の歯の内部の複数の画像と、前記複数の画像の各画像に固有の、前記口腔内スキャナの位置及び方位とを、スキャナから受け取るステップと、
前記複数の画像を区分して前記被験者の歯の内部構造を形成するステップと、
前記被験者の歯の前記内部構造を前記3次元表面モデルに投影するステップと、
前記内部構造を示す前記3次元表面モデルを表示するステップと、
を実施させる、
非一時的なコンピューティング装置可読媒体。 - 被験者の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられたデータを受け取るステップと、
前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の歯の第1の内部形状のボリュームの少なくとも一部分を特定するステップと、
前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の前記歯の、前記第1の内部形状と異なる第2の内部形状のボリュームの少なくとも一部分を特定するステップと、
前記第1の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分と前記第2の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分とを一緒にマッピングするステップと、
前記第1の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分と前記第2の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分とを一緒に3Dボリュームとして出力するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記受け取られたデータは、前記被験者の歯表面浸透口腔内スキャンからのデータを含む、請求項118に記載の方法。
- 前記受け取られたデータは更に、前記被験者の歯表面口腔内スキャンからのデータを含む、請求項119に記載の方法。
- 前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の前記歯の表面を特定するステップと、前記歯の前記表面を、前記第1の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分及び前記第2の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分と一緒にマッピングするステップと、前記歯の前記表面を、前記第1の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分及び前記第2の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記一部分と一緒に前記3Dボリュームとして出力するステップと、を更に含む、請求項120に記載の方法。
- 前記受け取られたデータは更に、前記被験者の歯表面カラー口腔内スキャンからのデータを含む、請求項121に記載の方法。
- 前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の前記歯の前記表面のカラーを特定するステップと、前記歯の前記表面の前記カラーを前記歯の前記表面にマッピングするステップと、前記歯の前記表面と前記歯の前記表面の前記カラーとを有する前記3Dボリュームを出力するステップと、を更に含む、請求項122に記載の方法。
- 前記歯の前記第1の内部形状は前記歯の象牙質を含み、前記歯の前記第2の内部形状は前記歯のエナメル質を含む、請求項118に記載の方法。
- 前記口腔内スキャンは前記被験者の第2の口腔内スキャンを含み、前記方法は更に、前記被験者の前の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられたデータを受け取るステップと、前記被験者の前記前の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられた前記受け取られたデータから、前記エナメル質又は前記象牙質のボリュームの少なくとも一部分を特定するステップと、前記第2の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられた前記受け取られたデータから特定された前記エナメル質又は前記象牙質の前記ボリュームの前記一部分と、前記前の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられた前記受け取られたデータから特定された前記エナメル質又は前記象牙質の前記ボリュームの前記一部分と、を比較することにより、前記エナメル質又は前記象牙質のボリューム変化を特定するステップと、前記特定されたボリューム変化を出力するステップと、を含む、請求項124に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の内部形状と前記第1の内部形状とを比較することにより、前記歯の、歯のカリエスを検出するステップと、前記検出された歯のカリエスに関連付けられたユーザに対して信号を出力するステップと、を更に含む、請求項124に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の内部形状と前記第2の内部形状とを比較することは、前記第2の内部形状の前記ボリュームが前記第1の内部形状の前記ボリュームの表面から延びているかどうかを分析することを含む、請求項126に記載の方法。
- 前記分析するステップは、前記第2の内部形状の前記ボリュームが、前記第1の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記表面から、前記第2の内部形状の、前記象牙質に関連付けられた一部分まで延びているかどうかを判定することを含む、請求項127に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の内部形状の前記ボリュームの前記表面から延びている前記第2の内部形状のボリュームを計算するステップと、前記計算されたボリュームに関連付けられた信号を出力するステップと、を更に含む、請求項127に記載の方法。
- 被験者の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられたデータを受け取るステップと、
前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の歯の、歯のカリエスのボリュームを特定するステップと、
前記被験者の前記歯の前記歯のカリエスの前記ボリュームを定量化するステップと、
前記被験者の前記歯の前記歯のカリエスの前記定量化されたボリュームに関連付けられた信号を出力するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の前記歯のエナメル質のボリュームを特定するステップと、前記エナメル質の前記ボリュームを、前記歯のカリエスの前記ボリュームにマッピングするステップと、前記エナメル質及び前記歯のカリエスの前記マッピングされたボリュームの3Dボリュームをユーザに対して出力するステップと、を更に含む、請求項130に記載の方法。
- 前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の前記歯の象牙質のボリュームを特定するステップと、前記象牙質の前記ボリュームを、前記エナメル質の前記ボリュームと前記歯のカリエスの前記ボリュームとにマッピングするステップと、前記エナメル質及び前記歯のカリエスの前記マッピングされたボリュームを前記象牙質の前記ボリュームと一緒に前記3Dボリュームとして出力するステップと、を更に含む、請求項131に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の前記口腔内スキャンは、前記被験者の第2の口腔内スキャンを含み、前記方法は更に、前記被験者の前の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられたデータを受け取るステップと、前記被験者の前記前の口腔内スキャンに関連付けられた前記受け取られたデータから、前記被験者の前記歯の前記歯のカリエスの前のボリュームを特定するステップと、前記歯のカリエスの前記ボリュームと、前記歯のカリエスの前記前のボリュームとの間のボリューム差に関連付けられた信号を出力するステップと、を含む、請求項130に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者の前記歯の前記歯のカリエスの前記ボリュームの3Dモデルを出力するステップを更に含む、請求項130に記載の方法。
- 口腔内スキャナ用徹照アダプタスリーブ装置であって、
口腔内スキャナのワンドにぴったりかぶせられるように構成されたスリーブボディであって、近赤外光が前記スリーブを通過することを可能にするように構成された光通過領域を遠位端に含む前記スリーブボディと、
前記光通過領域に隣接して前記スリーブボディの前記遠位端から延びる第1のウィング領域と、
前記第1のウィング領域から近赤外光を発光するように構成された近赤外光源と、
を含む装置。 - 前記近赤外光源は、前記光通過領域を横切る近赤外光を発光するように構成されている、請求項135に記載の装置。
- 前記光通過領域に隣接して前記スリーブボディの前記遠位端から延びる第2のウィング領域であって、前記第2のウィング領域から近赤外光を発光するように構成された第2の近赤外光源を有する前記第2のウィング領域を更に含む、請求項135に記載の装置。
- 前記近赤外光源に電気エネルギを印加するように構成された電気的接点を前記スリーブボディの近位端に更に含む、請求項135に記載の装置。
- 前記電気的接点を前記近赤外光源に結合する可撓回路を更に含む、請求項138に記載の装置。
- 前記光通過領域に隣接して前記スリーブボディの前記遠位端から延びる第2のウィングに作用的に接続されたカメラセンサを更に含む、請求項138に記載の装置。
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