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CN1852686B - 牙刷 - Google Patents

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CN1852686B
CN1852686B CN2004800268306A CN200480026830A CN1852686B CN 1852686 B CN1852686 B CN 1852686B CN 2004800268306 A CN2004800268306 A CN 2004800268306A CN 200480026830 A CN200480026830 A CN 200480026830A CN 1852686 B CN1852686 B CN 1852686B
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bristles
head toothbrushes
clumps
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face
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CN1852686A (zh
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A·T·谢韦努
T·A·克里斯特曼
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Gillette Co LLC
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A61C17/22—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like
    • A61C17/222—Brush body details, e.g. the shape thereof or connection to handle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B13/00—Brushes with driven brush bodies or carriers
    • A46B13/008—Disc-shaped brush bodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
    • A46B9/005—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body where the brushing material is not made of bristles, e.g. sponge, rubber or paper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
    • A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
    • A46B9/028—Bristle profile, the end of the bristle defining a surface other than a single plane or deviating from a simple geometric form, e.g. cylinder, sphere or cone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
    • A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
    • A46B9/04—Arranged like in or for toothbrushes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
    • A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
    • A46B9/04—Arranged like in or for toothbrushes
    • A46B9/045—Arranged like in or for toothbrushes specially adapted for cleaning a plurality of tooth surfaces simultaneously
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A61C17/22—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A61C17/22—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like
    • A61C17/32—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like reciprocating or oscillating
    • A61C17/34—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like reciprocating or oscillating driven by electric motor
    • A61C17/3409—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like reciprocating or oscillating driven by electric motor characterized by the movement of the brush body
    • A61C17/3436—Rotation around the axis perpendicular to the plane defined by the bristle holder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
    • A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
    • A46B2200/1066—Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A61C17/22—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like
    • A61C17/32—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like reciprocating or oscillating
    • A61C17/34—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices with brushes, cushions, cups, or the like reciprocating or oscillating driven by electric motor

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

一种例如用于电动牙刷的牙刷头。这些牙刷头包括支承件和从该支承件伸出的多根硬毛或多个硬毛束，至少一些硬毛或硬毛束具有不同的高度，这些硬毛设置成使它们的高度关于两个对称平面以不可平移镜像对称的形式对称。

Description

牙刷
技术领域
本发明涉及牙刷，并且更加具体地讲，涉及电动牙刷。
背景技术
电动牙刷是公知的，并且已经面市多年了。在典型的电动牙刷中，牙刷头上的硬毛束一般是从牙刷头的顶面垂直伸出的。使牙刷头进行振动、旋转和/或平移，以便提供得到增强的牙齿清洁能力。
在很多电动牙刷中，牙刷头的顶面一般具有圆形形状，并且将其尺寸形成为：在刷牙期间大多数硬毛典型地接触一颗或多颗牙齿的情况下，一次清洁一颗较大的牙齿或一次清洁两颗较小的牙齿。在某些电动牙刷中，牙刷头具有总体上为椭圆形的形状。
发明内容
总地来说，本发明的特征在于具有特殊硬毛和/或硬毛束排列方式的电动牙刷头、包括这种牙刷头的电动牙刷以及使用这种牙刷头和牙刷的方法。
本发明提供了一种用于电动牙刷的牙刷头，包括：附接到电动牙刷上的细长的支承件；多个硬毛束，这些硬毛束从所述支承件伸出；和多个弹性体鳍片，能枢转地安装在所述支承件中并且从该支承件伸出，所述弹性体鳍片具有横向延伸的凸肋。
按照一个方面，本发明的特征在于，一种用于电动牙刷的牙刷头，包括：细长的支承件和多根硬毛，这些硬毛从支承件上伸出，至少一些硬毛具有不同的高度，将这些硬毛设置成这样：它们的高度是关于两个对称平面以不可平移镜像对称形式对称的。
按照另一个方面，本发明的特征在于，一种用于电动牙刷的牙刷头，包括：细长的支承件和多个硬毛束，这些硬毛束从支承件伸出，这些硬毛束具有至少三种不同的高度，这些硬毛束设置成这样：使得它们的顶端限定出圆形轮廓。
这些方面的某些实现方式包括下列一个或多个特征。硬毛或硬毛
束可以具有从支承件的顶面开始量起的不同的高度。另外，或者此外，硬毛或硬毛束可以从支承件的顶面伸出相同的长度，并且该顶面具有这样的轮廓：使得从经过该顶面上的最低点的水平平面开始量起，硬毛具有不同的高度。两个对称平面可以是关于牙刷头的中心轴线排列的。可以将硬毛排列成阵列，并且硬毛的顶端限定出连续弯曲的表面。两个对称平面可以在椭圆形支承件的中心附近相交。牙刷头可以是为了在具有旋转振动运动的电动牙刷上使用而构成的。硬毛或硬毛束可以具有至少四种不同的高度。圆形轮廓可以在牙刷头的枢转点附近最低。支承件的顶面可以具有从大约170到200mm2的总表面面积。牙刷头此外还可以包括一个或多个弹性体元件。可以将这些硬毛束设置成这样：它们的高度是关于两个对称平面以不可平移镜像对称形式对称的。最高硬毛的高度可以比最短硬毛的高度高大约20％到50％。支承件的顶面可以具有大约14到19mm的长度，例如，大约16到17mm。该顶面可以具有大约12到15mm的宽度，例如，大约13到14mm。该顶面可以具有大约1.2到1的纵横比(长度/宽度)。该顶面可以具有从卵形、椭圆、圆角菱形和圆角矩形构成的组中选择的形状。该顶面可以具有凹形形状。
按照另一个方面，本发明的特征在于，一种电动牙刷，包括：牙刷柄和牙刷头，该牙刷头从牙刷柄伸出，并且包括细长支承件和多个从该支承件伸出的硬毛，至少一些硬毛具有不同的高度，这些硬毛设置成这样：它们的高度是关于两个对称平面以不可平移镜像对称形式对称的。
按照再一个方面，本发明的特征在于，一种电动牙刷，包括：牙刷柄和牙刷头，该牙刷头从牙刷柄伸出，并且包括细长支承件和多个从该支承件伸出的硬毛束，这些硬毛束具有至少三种不同的高度，这些硬毛束设置成这样：它们的顶端限定出圆形轮廓。
这些方面的某些实现方式可以包括上面讨论的一种或多种特征。
按照另一个方面，本发明的特征还在于，一种用于电动牙刷的牙刷头，包括：细长的支承件和多根硬毛，这些硬毛从支承件伸出，至少一些硬毛具有不同的高度，将这些硬毛的高度选择成给出这样的硬毛顶端轮廓：使得基本上所有的硬毛顶端都能够在刷牙期间同时接触牙齿。
按照另一个方面，本发明的特征在于刷牙方法，所述方法包括使牙齿接触上面讨论的电动牙刷之一的硬毛。
按照某些实现方式，在所述牙刷头正在刷一个或多个用户的牙齿的时候，硬毛或硬毛束的轮廓使得所有或基本上所有硬毛顶端接触牙齿(牙齿表面)。  在给定实现方式中是否能够实现这种效果可以例如通过高速摄影来确定。在某些情况下，伸出硬毛的支承面总体上是细长的，并且轮廓使得所有的硬毛顶端(包括牙刷头顶端处的硬毛的顶端)能够接触牙齿。结果，与平面牙刷(面积或形状与其投影到平面上的面积或形状相同)相比，可以同时清洁较长的表面。这样的牙刷头总地来说在口腔中还感觉比较舒服，并且看起来并不笨重。轮廓与牙齿的总体弯曲程度相配的牙刷还将支承面保持在牙齿上方比较稳定的位置(即，高度和角度)上。这使得较高的清洁零件能够结合到该牙刷中，这些较高的清洁零件是适当间隔开的，从而能够进入牙齿之间和到达通常难以达到的区域。
附图说明
在附图和下面的说明书中给出了本发明的一种或多种实施方式的细节。通过说明书和附图，并且通过权利要求书，本发明的其它特征和优点将会显而易见。
附图1是按照本发明的一种实施方式的牙刷头的立体图。
附图1A是附图1的牙刷头的侧视图。
附图1B是附图1的牙刷头的横截面图。
附图1C是与附图1中所示的牙刷头类型的牙刷头的立体图，只是该牙刷头朝向牙刷柄轻微倾斜，并且该牙刷头具有所示出的对称面。
附图1D是附图1C的牙刷头的侧视图，具有所示的对称面。
附图2是按照另一种可选实施方式的牙刷头的立体图。
附图3是按照再一种可选实施方式的牙刷头的立体图。
附图3A是附图3的牙刷头的侧视图。
附图3B表示在切除了牙刷头的一部分来展示枢转机构的情况下的附图3的牙刷头。
附图4是按照再一种可选实施方式的牙刷头的横截面图。
具体实施方式
参见附图1，电动牙刷10包括牙刷头12和牙刷颈14。如本领域技术人员所公知的，牙刷头12在刷牙期间会进行振动。一般来说，牙刷头12是以关于旋转轴线旋转的方式振动的，该旋转轴线典型地穿过牙刷头中心延伸，但也可以有偏离，这将在下面讨论。电机(未示出)通过轴承、连杆、曲轴和/或本领域公知的其它驱动机构使牙刷头振动。可由充电或一次性(非重复使用)电池为电机提供电力。本文将不给出关于牙刷头如何振动的更多细节，因为牙刷的这一方面不是本发明的重点。
牙刷头12包括总体上为椭圆形的支承件16和多个硬毛束18，该支承件16设置为近似垂直于牙刷头的旋转轴线，并且所述多个硬毛束18从支承件16的顶面17伸出。下面将要讨论，顶面17典型地垂直于旋转轴线，但是在某些情况下可以是倾斜的，以至于不再垂直于旋转轴线。
虽然在图中将各个硬毛束18表示成了实体的，但是这些硬毛束可以各自是由大量独立的塑料硬毛制成的。硬毛可以由任何期望的聚合物制成的，例如，尼龙6.12或6.10，并且可以具有任何期望的直径，例如，4到8密耳。这些硬毛束在它们的底部由支承件支撑，并且可以通过任何期望的本领域公知的成束技术固定就位，例如，通过插入成型或拉毛工艺来固定就位。也可以将这些硬毛束安装成可以在支承件上移动，例如，随着枢转运动移动，这一点将在下面参照附图2和3-3B进行讨论。
支承件总体上是椭圆形的，即，它具有长轴和短轴。最好，长轴具有大约14到19mm的长度，短轴具有大约10到15mm的长度。这个椭圆可以具有大约1.2到1的纵横比(长轴/短轴)。牙刷头大小最好是约为16到17mm长、13到14mm宽。支承件的表面17的总表面面积最好为大约170到200mm2(0.270到0.305平方英寸)。
不同的硬毛束之间存在高度差。弯曲细长的齿间硬毛束18A，即，位于当牙刷头12处于静止状态时紧挨着牙刷颈14的长轴的支承件的各个最远边缘处的两个硬毛束，是最高的。紧接在齿间硬毛束18A内侧的圆形端硬毛束18B(每侧三个)是次最高的，依次按高度排下来，之后是侧硬毛束18D(每侧三个)，这些侧硬毛束是沿着两组圆形端硬毛束18B之间的支承件边缘安装的。最短的硬毛束是内硬毛束18C，这些内硬毛束排列成五个硬毛束组成的环，位于侧硬毛束和端硬毛束内侧。齿间硬毛束18A可以例如比内硬毛束18C高大约20％到50％，例如，为大约7到8.5mm高，端硬毛束18B可以例如比内硬毛束18C高大约10％到40％，例如，为大约6到8mm高，而侧硬毛束18D可以例如比内硬毛束18C高大约0到25％，例如，为大约5到7mm高。
由这种硬毛束之间的高度差产生的轮廓使得硬毛的顶端与牙齿的形状紧密相配，使得大多数或者全部的硬毛在同时刷多颗牙齿期间与牙齿接触。如附图1C所示，这种轮廓是关于两个对称面对称的，对称面(P1)是通过椭圆形支承件的长轴的平面，对称面(P2)是通过支承件短轴的平面。这两个平面都垂直于支承件的顶面17。注意，由这两个平面的交线限定的直线(L)(见附图1D)可以或可以不与牙刷头的旋转轴线(A)共线。按照附图1C和1D所示的实施方式，旋转轴线A垂直于不平行于支承件的顶面17平面(P4)或不与平面(P4)共面的平面(P3)。L和A之间的角度(X)是牙刷头朝向牙刷柄轻微倾斜导致的结果，在附图1D中清楚地示出了这一点。按照其它一些实施方式(例如，附图1-1B中所示的实施方式)，旋转轴线A垂直于平面P4。
轮廓关于平面P1和P2的对称是不可平移镜像对称，即，各个象限是两个相邻象限的镜像，但是在不改变硬毛束限定的轮廓的前提下，不能与任何一个相邻象限“对换”，即，“平移”。各个象限可以关于平面P1和P2的交线限定的对称轴线旋转180度，而不会改变牙刷头的对称结构，并且各个象限是相邻象限的镜像反射。在不改变牙刷头的对称结构的前提下，任何象限都不能不旋转地进行平移。
如附图1B所示，按照附图1-1B所示的实施方式，支承件16的顶面17总体上是平面。因此，高度差是通过提供不同长度的硬毛束而产生的。
牙刷头可以包括枢转硬毛束。例如，附图2中所示的牙刷50包括带有多个固定硬毛束52和多个枢转硬毛束54的牙刷头51。将这些硬毛束设置成限定出与上面介绍的轮廓类似的轮廓。在美国专利第6553604号中介绍了用于提供枢转硬毛束的技术，该专利的公开内容以引用的方式并入本文。附图3B中示出了枢转弹性体元件情况下的枢转机构的一种类型。
除了硬毛束之外或者替代硬毛束，牙刷头还可以包括弹性体元件。例如，如附图3和3A所示，牙刷100包括弹性体鳍片102和硬毛束104，这些弹性体鳍片和硬毛束设置成限定出上面介绍的轮廓。将弹性体元件的尺寸制作成适于插入齿间，以提供齿间区域的清洁和按摩，这在2003年3月14日提交的美国专利申请S.N.10/389448中做过介绍。按照附图3-3B所示的实施方式，弹性体鳍片是可枢转地安装的。不过，如果希望的话，弹性体元件可以是固定不动的，并且硬毛束可以是固定不动或枢转的。
已经介绍了本发明的一些实施方式。不过，应当理解，可以进行各种各样的改造，而不会超出本发明的思想和范围。
例如，虽然上面示出和介绍的是椭圆形的支承件，但是所介绍的硬毛轮廓也可以与具有其它细长形状(例如，卵形、圆角菱形或圆角矩形)的支承件一起使用。
虽然按照上面介绍的实施方式，硬毛高度差是由硬毛长度确定的，但是按照其它一些实施方式，硬毛高度差可以是基于支承件顶面的几
何形状来确定的。例如，如附图4所示，牙刷头200包括具有凹形顶面217的支承件216，按照这种实施方式，硬毛束218全部具有基本相同的长度，但是在顶面217的凹形形状的作用下，它们的高度限定出了与上面介绍的轮廓类似的轮廓。
而且，虽然上面介绍的是具有四种硬毛高度的牙刷头，但是也可以使用别的硬毛高度数量。例如，硬毛束可以具有三种不同的高度，或者五种或更多。
另外，可以将硬毛排列成均匀阵列，而不是成束的，并且它们预端的高度差可以定义出连续弯曲的表面，例如，杯状的表面。
此外，虽然附图1-1A中所示的轮廓是关于在支承件的顶面17中心处相交的两个平面对称的，但是也可以为定义关于不位于支承件中心的点对称的对称。
虽然在附图中示出的和上面介绍的是具有多个弹性体元件的牙刷头，但是某些牙刷头也可以包括单独一个弹性体元件。例如，牙刷头可以包括2003年2月11日提交的美国专利申请S.N.10/364148中介绍的弹性体元件之一，该美国专利申请的公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
因此，其它的实施方式都处于所附权利要求的范围之内。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于电动牙刷的牙刷头，包括：
附接到电动牙刷上的细长的支承件；
多个硬毛束，这些硬毛束从所述支承件伸出；和
多个弹性体鳍片，能枢转地安装在所述支承件中并且从该支承件伸出，所述弹性体鳍片具有横向延伸的凸肋。
2.按照权利要求1所述的牙刷头，其中所述支承件的顶面具有从卵形、椭圆形和圆角菱形构成的组中选择的细长形状。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷头，其中所述支承件的顶面具有从170mm2到200mm2的总表面面积。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷头，其中所述硬毛束和弹性体鳍片组合起来具有至少三种不同的高度。
5.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷头，其中所述硬毛束和弹性体鳍片组合起来设置成使得它们的顶端限定出圆形轮廓。
6.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷头，其中所述支承件是具有长轴和短轴的椭圆形，所述长轴具有14到19mm的长度。
7.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷头，其中所述支承件是具有长轴和短轴的椭圆形，所述短轴具有12到15mm的长度。
8.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷头，其中所述硬毛束具有从所述支承件的顶面量起的不同的长度。
9.按照权利要求1所述的牙刷头，其中所述支承件的顶面具有的轮廓使得从经过该顶面上的最低点的水平平面量起，所述硬毛具有不同的高度。
10.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷头，其中所述支承件的顶面具有大约1.2到1的纵横比，该纵横比为长度/宽度。
11.按照权利要求2所述的牙刷头，其中所述支承件支承第一组硬毛束和第二组硬毛束，第一组硬毛束比第二组硬毛束高20％至50％。
12.一种电动牙刷，包括牙刷颈、从所述牙刷颈伸出的如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的牙刷头以及用于使所述牙刷头振动的电机。
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ATE446059T1 (de) 2009-11-15
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US8621698B2 (en) 2014-01-07
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