CN114653093B - A polysaccharide extraction and purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a polysaccharide extraction and purification device, and belongs to the technical field of compound extraction devices. The device comprises an extraction tank, wherein a tank cover is arranged at the top end of the extraction tank, a lifting device is arranged in the extraction tank, the lifting device comprises a telescopic component and a telescopic plate, one end of the telescopic component is connected with the telescopic plate, and the other end of the telescopic component penetrates through the tank cover and is connected with a motor component; the inner wall of the extraction tank is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator, a sensing assembly and a containing plate; the outer wall of the extraction tank is provided with a refrigerator; the top surface of the concentration tank is communicated with the bottom surface of the extraction tank through a filter membrane; the concentrating tank is connected with the extracting tank through a communicating pipe, the side surface of the concentrating tank is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a heating component is arranged in the concentrating tank; and the purification tank is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank and is arranged on one side of the concentration tank, and a purification chromatography device is arranged in the purification tank. The extraction and purification device for polysaccharide provided by the invention can avoid the problem of low extraction rate caused by long-time extraction of raw materials floating on the extracting solution.

Description

A polysaccharide extraction and purification device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of compound extraction devices, and more specifically relates to a polysaccharide extraction and purification device.

Background technique

Polysaccharide is a kind of natural high molecular polymer composed of aldose or ketose connected by glycosidic bonds. It is an important biomacromolecule in living organisms and one of the basic substances to maintain the normal operation of life activities. Polysaccharides are ubiquitous in plants in nature. Many plant polysaccharides have biological activity, and have health effects including immune regulation, lowering blood sugar, lowering blood fat, anti-radiation, antibacterial and anti-virus, and protecting the liver.

Based on this, the researchers extracted polysaccharides by setting up a device for polysaccharide compounds. In the process of extracting polysaccharides, the extraction time is too long, and the medicinal liquid is heated for a long time, so that the active ingredients are prone to change, resulting in a decrease in the extraction rate. However, during the extraction process, the plants often float on the upper layer of the extraction solution, and it takes a long time to rely on the plants to settle into the extraction solution by themselves, which will cause a decline in the extraction rate.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a polysaccharide extraction and purification device, which avoids the problem that the extraction rate decreases due to the long-term extraction required for raw materials floating on the extraction liquid.

The object of the present invention is to provide a polysaccharide extraction and purification device, comprising:

The extraction tank has a tank cover at its top, and a lifting device is provided inside the extraction tank, and the lifting device includes a telescopic assembly and a telescopic plate, one end of the telescopic assembly is connected with the telescopic plate, and the other end of the telescopic assembly One end runs through the tank cover and is connected to the motor assembly; the inner wall of the extraction tank is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator, a sensor assembly, and a storage plate; the outer wall of the extraction tank is provided with a refrigerator; The raw material is placed in the extraction solution, and after the raw material can be placed in the extraction solution by itself, the expansion plate performs wall scraping and stirring under the action of the expansion assembly;

Concentration tank, which is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank, the top surface of the concentration tank communicates with the bottom surface of the extraction tank through a filter membrane; the concentration tank is connected with the extraction tank through a connecting pipe, and the concentration tank The side of the tank is also provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a heating assembly is arranged inside the concentration tank;

A purification tank is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank and on one side of the concentration tank, and a purification chromatography device is arranged in the purification tank.

Preferably, the telescopic plate includes a first fixed plate, a first extended plate, a second extended plate, a first rotating plate and a second rotating plate, and one end of the first fixed plate is connected to the first fixed plate through an elastic component. One end of an elongated plate is connected, the other end of the first fixed plate is connected with the second elongated plate through another elastic component; the other end of the first elongated plate is connected with the first rotating plate One end is rotatably connected, the other end of the first rotatable plate is rotatably connected to one end of the second rotatable plate, the other end of the second rotatable plate is rotatably connected to the other end of the second elongated plate, the Rotation joints of the first fixed plate, the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate are all connected to the telescopic assembly.

Preferably, the telescopic assembly includes a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is connected to the first fixed plate, the second telescopic rod is connected to the first rotating plate and the second telescopic rod The rotating joints of the two rotating plates are connected.

Preferably, a first controller is also provided in the extraction tank, and the first controller is respectively connected with the sensing component, the ultrasonic oscillator, the first motor, the first switch and the first power supply .

Preferably, the purification chromatography device includes a column chromatography separation column, a solvent ball and a pressure device, and the pressure device, solvent ball and column chromatography separation column are sequentially arranged in the purification tank from top to bottom.

Preferably, the pressurizing device includes an inflatable ball and an inflatable tube, one end of the inflatable ball is connected to the inflatable tube, and the other end of the inflatable tube is connected to the solvent ball.

Preferably, the pressurizing device further includes a fixing device, the fixing device includes a fixing frame, a second fixing plate and a third telescopic rod, one end of the third telescopic rod is connected to the fixing frame, and the third The other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the second fixed plate, the second fixed plate is slidingly connected to the fixed frame, and the second fixed plate is sleeved between the fixed frame far away from the third telescopic rod. The inflatable ball.

Preferably, the purification tank is also provided with a sample box and a liquid box, the sample box is in communication with the column chromatography separation column, the liquid box is in communication with the solvent ball, the sample box and the liquid There are valves on the box.

Preferably, the purification tank is also provided with a second controller, and the second controller is connected with the third telescopic rod, the valve on the sample box and the liquid box, and the second switch Connect to the second power supply.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The present invention obtains polysaccharides through extraction, concentration and purification. In the extraction step, in order to prevent the raw materials from floating on the extraction liquid, the present invention sets expansion plates in the extraction tank, and the raw materials are extracted in the extraction liquid through the expansion plates. When the raw materials are not When the expansion plate is still in the extraction liquid, the expansion plate is triangular in shape, which can scrape the wall to prevent the raw material from adhering to the extraction tank. At the same time, it can also achieve the stirring effect while scraping the wall. In the process of ultrasonic extraction In the middle, supplemented by stirring treatment, the extraction is more efficient;

In order to make the telescopic plate scrape the wall, move down through the second telescopic rod, and then drive the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate to rotate, forming a "V" shape, and then the first extending plate and the second extending Under the action of two elastic components, the plate shrinks, making the expansion plate form a triangle for wall scraping and stirring;

After the extraction is completed, the first rotating plate, the second rotating plate, the first extending plate and the second extending plate are reset through the second telescopic rod, and then the telescopic plate moves downward under the action of the first telescopic rod, Under the action of the telescopic plate and the holding plate, the extracted raw material powder is squeezed to avoid waste of the extraction liquid remaining in the extracted raw material powder; after the extraction liquid has completely entered the concentration tank, the concentration process is started , During the concentration process, the evaporated solvent enters the extraction tank through the connecting pipe to achieve the recycling of the solvent and reduce the waste of the solvent.

After the concentrated extract is precipitated by ethanol, it is subjected to centrifugal drying treatment, and then transferred to a purification tank for purification treatment. During the purification process, a pressurizing device is also provided. Among them, the inflatable ball can be pressurized to reduce the purification time and improve the purification efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the extraction and purification device of the polysaccharide provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of telescopic plate provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the side view in the purification tank provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing device provided by the present invention.

Reference signs:

1-extraction tank, 11-tank cover, 12-expandable plate, 121-first fixed plate, 122-first extended plate, 123-second extended plate, 124-first rotating plate, 125-second rotating Plate, 13-motor assembly, 14-ultrasonic oscillator, 15-refrigerator, 16-storage plate, 2-concentration tank, 21-filter membrane, 22-connecting pipe, 3-purification tank, 31-column chromatography separation Column, 32-solvent ball, 33-inflatable ball, 34-inflatable tube, 35-fixed frame, 36-second fixed plate, 37-third telescopic rod, 38-sample box, 39-liquid box.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a polysaccharide extraction and purification device, as shown in Figures 1-4, comprising: an extraction tank 1 for the extraction of polysaccharides, a tank cover 11 is provided at the top of the extraction tank 1, and a lifting device is arranged inside the extraction tank 1 , the lifting device includes a telescopic assembly and a telescopic plate 12, one end of the telescopic assembly is connected to the telescopic plate 12, one end of the telescopic assembly is connected to the telescopic plate 12, and the other end of the telescopic assembly runs through the The tank cover 11 is connected with the motor assembly 13; specifically, the telescopic plate 12 includes a first fixed plate 121, a first elongated plate 122, a second elongated plate 123, a first rotating plate 124 and a second rotating plate 125 , one end of the first fixed plate 121 is connected to one end of the first elongated plate 122 through an elastic component, and the other end of the first fixed plate 121 is connected to the second elongated plate 123 through another elastic component. connected; the other end of the first extension plate 122 is rotationally connected with one end of the first rotating plate 124, and the other end of the first rotating plate 124 is rotationally connected with one end of the second rotating plate 125, so The other end of the second rotating plate 125 is rotationally connected with the other end of the second elongating plate 123; the two elastic components are springs; the first fixing plate 121, the first rotating plate 124 and The rotation joints of the second rotation plate 125 are all connected with the telescopic assembly. Further, the telescopic assembly includes a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is connected to the first fixed plate 121, the second telescopic rod is connected to the first rotating plate 124 and the The rotation joint of the second rotating plate 125 is connected; the motor assembly 13 is a rotating motor that controls the rotation of the telescopic plate 12 . When extracting, the raw material is first placed in the extraction liquid through the expansion plate, and after the raw material can be placed in the extraction liquid by itself, the expansion plate scrapes and stirs the wall under the action of the expansion assembly; specifically, First, the plants are pulverized to obtain plant powder. When plants are used for polysaccharide extraction, the plant powder often floats on the upper layer of the extract solution. Therefore, in order to prevent the plant powder from floating on the upper layer of the extract solution, the telescopic plate 12 is provided in the present invention. The first fixed plate 121, the first extended plate 122, the second extended plate 123, the first rotating plate 124 and the second rotating plate 125 in the telescopic plate 12 are all filter membranes, and the meshes of the filter membranes are uniform. Smaller than the plant powder, avoiding the plant powder passing through the filter membrane and floating on the upper layer of the extraction solution. When in use, cover the can lid 11 and control the downward movement of the first telescopic rod until the plant powder is in the extraction solution, so that To better extract polysaccharides, during the extraction process, when the plant powder can still be in the extraction liquid without the action of the expansion plate 12, the second expansion rod is moved downward, and during the movement, the The first rotating plate 124 and the second rotating plate 125 are in a “V” shape, and during the rotation of the first rotating plate 124 and the second rotating plate 125, the first elongated plate 122 and the second rotating plate 125 Under the action of the elastic component, the second extension plate 123 slides into the first fixed plate 121 respectively, thereby shortening the lengths of both sides of the expansion plate 12 , and then, the motor assembly 13 Under the control of the expansion plate 12, the other pair of opposite sides rotate along the tank wall of the extraction tank 1, which can effectively scrape off the plants attached to the tank wall of the extraction tank 1 during the extraction process. powder, and can also be supplemented with a stirring function, making the extraction more efficient. In addition, the inner wall of the extraction tank 1 is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator 14, a sensor assembly, and a storage plate 16; The bottom of the storage plate 16 is a filter membrane, the mesh of the filter membrane is smaller than the plant powder, and the extracted plant powder is squeezed through the interaction between the telescopic rod 12 and the storage plate 16 . The outer wall of the extraction tank 1 is provided with a refrigerator 15, which is used to adjust the temperature in the extraction tank 1 during the extraction process and the temperature in the extraction tank 1 during the concentration process; the liquid level sensor is used to detect the level of the extraction liquid The amount to be added, when it is added to the set position, stop adding the extract, and use the ultrasonic oscillator 14 to perform ultrasonic extraction on the plant powder. During the ultrasonic extraction, use the temperature sensor to detect If the temperature is too high, the temperature sensor will send a signal, and the refrigerator 15 will perform refrigeration treatment to ensure that the temperature in the extraction tank 1 is within an appropriate temperature during the ultrasonic extraction process, so as to avoid excessive temperature And the effect on polysaccharide extraction.

A first controller is also provided in the extraction tank 1, and the first controller is respectively connected with the liquid level sensor, the temperature sensor, the ultrasonic oscillator 14, the motor assembly 13, the first switch and First power connection. It should be noted that the speed and distance of the upward and downward movement of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are pre-written in the first controller, then when the controller is working, the first The moving distance of the telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod is constant, and the rotation speed of the telescopic plate 12 driven by the second motor is pre-written in the controller, that is, the rotational speed of the telescopic plate 12 is constant.

After the polysaccharide extraction is completed, in order to make the extract flow into the concentration tank 2, the concentration step is carried out. The concentration tank 2 is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank 1, and the top surface of the concentration tank 2 and the bottom surface of the extraction tank 1 It communicates with the filter membrane 21; the concentration tank 2 is connected with the extraction tank 1 through a communication pipe 22, the side of the concentration tank 2 is also provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the concentration tank 2 is provided with a heating assembly. The heating element is an electric heating tube. First open the switch of the filter membrane 21 so that the extraction liquid flows into the concentration tank 2 from the extraction tank 1, and then, the second telescopic rod moves upward, so that the first rotating plate 124 and the second rotating plate 124 The rotating plate 125 is in the shape of a "one", and then the first telescopic rod continues to extend, so that the telescopic plate 12 moves downward, and the extraction liquid is squeezed by the extruding of the telescopic plate 12 and the storage plate 16. All flow into the concentration tank 2 through the filter membrane 21 to avoid waste caused by residual extract. After all the extracts flow into the concentration tank 2, close the switch of the filter membrane 21 to start the concentration process, raise the temperature in the concentration tank 2 to the set temperature through the electric heating tube, and then pass through the The refrigerator 15 reduces the temperature in the extraction tank 1 to a temperature at which the steam of the extraction liquid can be condensed. Evaporation and concentration, during the process of evaporating the extract, the evaporated solution enters the extraction tank 1 through the communication pipe 22, realizing the recycling of the solvent. Concentrate the extract until the volume is 1/8 of the extract, the concentration step ends, then add ethanol through the inlet for precipitation treatment, after the ethanol and the concentrated extract are mixed evenly, discharge through the outlet, and centrifuge processing, removing the supernatant, taking the precipitate and drying it to obtain crude polysaccharide, and then performing purification treatment.

The crude polysaccharide is purified through a purification tank 3, which is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank 1 and on one side of the concentration tank 2, and a purification chromatography device is arranged in the purification tank 3. Purification treatment is carried out by the purification chromatography device. The purification chromatography device includes a column chromatography separation column 31, a solvent ball 32 and a pressurizing device, and the pressurization device, the solvent ball 32 and the column chromatography separation column 31 are successively arranged in the purification tank 3 from top to bottom Inside. Further, the purification tank 3 is also provided with a sample box 38 and a liquid box 39, the sample box 38 communicates with the column chromatography separation column 31, and the liquid box 39 communicates with the solvent ball 32, so Both the sample box 38 and the liquid box 39 are provided with valves. Firstly, the crude polysaccharide is dissolved with a solvent and placed in the sample box 38, and the liquid box 39 is filled with eluent. After the column chromatography separation column 31 is packed (the packing method is dry packing or wet packing), open the valve on the sample box 38, so that the dissolved crude polysaccharide is placed in the column In the chromatographic separation column 31, then, open the valve on the liquid tank 39 to perform rinsing, and pass the pressurization device during the rinsing process, so that the eluent "goes through the column", specifically, the pressurization device It includes an inflatable ball 33 and an inflatable tube 34 , one end of the inflatable ball 33 is connected to the inflatable tube 34 , and the other end of the inflatable tube 34 is connected to the solvent ball 32 . Further, the pressurizing device also includes a fixing device, and the fixing device includes a fixing frame 35, a second fixing plate 36 and a third telescopic rod 37, and one end of the third telescopic rod 37 is connected to the fixing frame 35 , the other end of the third telescopic rod 37 is connected to the second fixed plate 36, the second fixed plate 36 is slidably connected to the fixed frame 35, and the second fixed plate 36 is far away from the third The inflatable ball 33 is sleeved between the fixed frame 35 of the telescopic rod 37 . During the pressurization process, the third telescopic rod 37 moves up and down, so that the second fixing plate 36 slides in the fixing frame 35 , thereby pressing the inflatable ball 33 to perform pressurization.

The purification tank 3 is also provided with a second controller, and the second controller is connected with the valve on the third telescopic rod 37, the sample box 38 and the liquid box 39, the second The switch is connected to the second power source. It should be noted that, the speed and distance of the upward and downward movement of the third telescopic rod 37 are pre-written in the second controller. When performing purification treatment, after the column chromatography separation column 31 is packed, open the valve on the sample box 38, add the dissolved crude polysaccharide solution into the column chromatography separation column 31, and then Open the valve on the liquid tank 39, add eluent, under the action of the telescopic rod 37, make the eluent pass through the column, then open the switch of the column chromatography separation column 31, collect and obtain purified of polysaccharides.

It should be noted that the connection relationship of components not specifically mentioned in the present invention adopts the prior art by default. Since it does not involve the invention point and is commonly used in the prior art, the structural connection relationship will not be described in detail.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to cover the preferred embodiment as well as all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the invention.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. An extraction and purification device of polysaccharide is characterized by comprising:

the extraction tank (1) is provided with a tank cover (11) at the top end, a lifting device is arranged in the extraction tank (1), the lifting device comprises a telescopic component and a telescopic plate (12), one end of the telescopic component is connected with the telescopic plate (12), and the other end of the telescopic component penetrates through the tank cover (11) and is connected with a motor component (13); the inner wall of the extraction tank (1) is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator (14), a sensing assembly and a containing plate (16); a refrigerator (15) is arranged on the outer wall of the extraction tank (1); during extraction, the raw materials are placed in the extracting solution through the telescopic plate (12), and after the raw materials can be placed in the extracting solution by themselves, the telescopic plate (12) scrapes walls and stirs under the action of the telescopic assembly;

the retractable plate (12) comprises a first fixed plate (121), a first elongated plate (122), a second elongated plate (123), a first rotating plate (124) and a second rotating plate (125), one end of the first fixed plate (121) is connected with one end of the first elongated plate (122) through an elastic assembly, and the other end of the first fixed plate (121) is connected with the second elongated plate (123) through another elastic assembly; the other end of the first extension plate (122) is rotatably connected with one end of the first rotation plate (124), the other end of the first rotation plate (124) is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotation plate (125), the other end of the second rotation plate (125) is rotatably connected with the other end of the second extension plate (123), and the rotating joints of the first fixing plate (121), the first rotation plate (124) and the second rotation plate (125) are all connected with the telescopic assembly;

the telescopic assembly comprises a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is connected with the first fixing plate (121), and the second telescopic rod is connected with the rotating connection position of the first rotating plate (124) and the second rotating plate (125);

a concentration tank (2) which is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank (1), wherein the top surface of the concentration tank (2) is communicated with the bottom surface of the extraction tank (1) through a filter membrane (21); the concentration tank (2) is connected with the extraction tank (1) through a communicating pipe (22), an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the side surface of the concentration tank (2), and a heating assembly is arranged in the concentration tank (2);

a purification tank (3) disposed at the lower end of the extraction tank (1) and disposed at one side of the concentration tank (2), wherein a purification chromatography device is disposed in the purification tank (3).

2. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein a first controller is further disposed in the extracting tank (1), and the first controller is respectively connected to the sensing assembly, the ultrasonic oscillator (14), the motor assembly (13), the first switch and the first power supply.

3. The polysaccharide extraction and purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the purification and chromatography device comprises a column chromatography separation column (31), a solvent ball (32) and a pressurizing device, and the pressurizing device, the solvent ball (32) and the column chromatography separation column (31) are sequentially arranged in the purification tank (3) from top to bottom.

4. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device according to claim 3, wherein the pressurizing device comprises an air-filled ball (33) and an air-filled tube (34), one end of the air-filled ball (33) is connected with one end of the air-filled tube (34), and the other end of the air-filled tube (34) is connected with the solvent ball (32).

5. The polysaccharide extraction and purification device according to claim 4, wherein the pressurizing device further comprises a fixing device, the fixing device comprises a fixing frame (35), a second fixing plate (36) and a third telescopic rod (37), one end of the third telescopic rod (37) is connected with the fixing frame (35), the other end of the third telescopic rod (37) is connected with the second fixing plate (36), the second fixing plate (36) is slidably connected with the fixing frame (35), and the inflatable ball (33) is sleeved between the second fixing plate (36) and the fixing frame (35) far away from the third telescopic rod (37).

6. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device according to claim 5, wherein a sample tank (38) and a liquid tank (39) are further disposed on the purifying tank (3), the sample tank (38) is communicated with the column chromatography separation column (31), the liquid tank (39) is communicated with the solvent ball (32), and valves are disposed on the sample tank (38) and the liquid tank (39).

7. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device according to claim 6, wherein a second controller is further disposed on the purifying tank (3), and the second controller is connected to the third telescopic rod (37), the valve, the second switch and the second power source on the sample tank (38) and the liquid tank (39).

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