CN114653093A - Extraction and purification device of polysaccharide - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a polysaccharide extraction and purification device, which belongs to the technical field of compound extraction devices. It includes an extraction tank, the top of which is provided with a tank cover, and the extraction tank is provided with a lifting device. The lifting device includes a telescopic assembly and a telescopic plate. The inner wall of the tank is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator, a sensing component, and an object holding plate; the outer wall of the extraction tank is provided with a refrigerator; the concentration tank is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank, and the top surface of the concentration tank is communicated with the bottom surface of the extraction tank through a filter membrane; The concentration tank is connected with the extraction tank through a communication pipe, the side of the concentration tank is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a heating component is arranged in the concentration tank; the purification tank is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank and is arranged on one side of the concentration tank, and the purification tank is There is a purification chromatography device inside. The polysaccharide extraction and purification device provided by the invention can avoid the problem that the extraction rate decreases due to the long-time extraction of the raw material floating on the extraction solution.

Description

A kind of extraction and purification device of polysaccharide

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of compound extraction devices, and more particularly to a polysaccharide extraction and purification device.

Background technique

Polysaccharide is a kind of natural macromolecular polymer composed of aldose or ketose linked by glycosidic bonds. It is an important biological macromolecule in living organisms and one of the basic substances to maintain the normal operation of life activities. Polysaccharides are commonly found in plants in nature. Many plant polysaccharides have biological activities, and have health care functions including immune regulation, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-radiation, antibacterial and antiviral, and liver protection.

Based on this, the researchers extracted polysaccharides by setting up a device for polysaccharide compounds. In the process of extracting polysaccharides, the extraction time is too long, and when the liquid is heated for a long time, the active ingredients are easily changed, resulting in a decrease in the extraction rate. However, in the process of extraction, plants often float on the upper layer of the extract, and it takes a long time for the plants to settle into the extract by themselves, thus resulting in a decrease in the extraction rate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an extraction and purification device for polysaccharides, which avoids the problem that the extraction rate decreases due to the long-time extraction of raw materials floating on the extraction solution.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of extraction and purification device of polysaccharide, comprising:

The extraction tank is provided with a tank cover at its top, and a lifting device is arranged in the extraction tank. The lifting device includes a telescopic assembly and a telescopic plate, one end of the telescopic assembly is connected to the telescopic plate, and the other end of the telescopic assembly is One end penetrates the tank cover and is connected to the motor assembly; the inner wall of the extraction tank is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator, a sensing component, and an object holding plate; the outer wall of the extraction tank is provided with a refrigerator; The raw material is placed in the extraction liquid, and after the raw material can be placed in the extraction liquid by itself, the telescopic plate scrapes the wall and stirs under the action of the telescopic assembly;

a concentration tank, which is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank, the top surface of the concentration tank is communicated with the bottom surface of the extraction tank through a filter membrane; the concentration tank is connected with the extraction tank through a communication pipe, and the concentration tank The side is also provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a heating assembly is arranged in the concentration tank;

A purification tank is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank and at one side of the concentration tank, and a purification chromatography device is arranged in the purification tank.

Preferably, the telescopic plate includes a first fixed plate, a first elongated plate, a second elongated plate, a first rotating plate and a second rotating plate, and one end of the first fixed plate is connected to the first fixed plate through an elastic component. One end of an elongated plate is connected, the other end of the first fixed plate is connected to the second elongated plate through another elastic component; the other end of the first elongated plate is connected to the first rotating plate One end is rotatably connected, the other end of the first rotating plate is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating plate, the other end of the second rotating plate is rotatably connected with the other end of the second elongated plate, and the The first fixed plate, the first rotating plate and the rotating connection of the second rotating plate are all connected with the telescopic assembly.

Preferably, the telescopic assembly includes a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is connected to the first fixed plate, and the second telescopic rod is connected to the first rotating plate and the first telescopic rod The rotating joints of the two rotating plates are connected.

Preferably, the extraction tank is further provided with a first controller, and the first controller is respectively connected with the sensing component, the ultrasonic oscillator, the first motor, the first switch and the first power supply .

Preferably, the purification chromatography device comprises a column chromatography separation column, a solvent sphere and a pressurizing device, and the pressurizing device, the solvent sphere and the column chromatography separation column are sequentially arranged in the purification tank from top to bottom.

Preferably, the pressurizing device comprises an inflatable ball and an inflatable tube, one end of the inflatable ball and the inflatable tube is connected, and the other end of the inflatable tube is connected with the solvent ball.

Preferably, the pressing device further includes a fixing device, the fixing device includes a fixing frame, a second fixing plate and a third telescopic rod, one end of the third telescopic rod is connected to the fixing frame, and the third telescopic rod is connected to the fixing frame. The other end of the telescopic rod is connected with the second fixing plate, the second fixing plate is slidably connected with the fixing frame, and a sleeve is sleeved between the second fixing plate and the fixing frame away from the third telescopic rod the inflatable ball.

Preferably, the purification tank is further provided with a sample box and a liquid box, the sample box is communicated with the column chromatography separation column, the liquid box is communicated with the solvent ball, the sample box and the liquid There are valves on the boxes.

Preferably, the purification tank is further provided with a second controller, the second controller is connected with the third telescopic rod, the valve on the sample tank and the liquid tank, and the second switch connected to the second power source.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The present invention obtains polysaccharides through extraction, concentration and purification. In the extraction step, in order to avoid the raw materials floating on the extraction liquid, a telescopic plate is arranged in the extraction tank, and the raw materials are extracted in the extraction liquid through the telescopic plate. When the telescopic plate is still in the extraction liquid, the telescopic plate is triangular, and the wall can be scraped to prevent the raw materials from sticking to the extraction tank. , supplemented by stirring treatment, making the extraction more efficient;

In order to enable the telescopic plate to scrape the wall, the second telescopic rod moves down, and then drives the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate to rotate, forming a "V" shape, and then the first and second elongated plates are elongated. The plate shrinks under the action of the two elastic components, so that the telescopic plate is triangular for wall scraping and stirring;

After the extraction is completed, the first rotating plate, the second rotating plate, the first extension plate and the second extension plate are reset by the second telescopic rod, and then under the action of the first telescopic rod, the telescopic plate moves down, Under the action of the telescopic plate and the material-holding plate, the extracted raw material powder is squeezed, so as to avoid waste of extracting liquid remaining in the extracted raw material powder; after the extracting liquid completely enters the concentration tank, the concentration treatment starts. , During the concentration process, the evaporated solvent enters the extraction tank through the connecting pipe, so as to achieve the recycling of the solvent and reduce the waste of the solvent.

The concentrated extract is subjected to centrifugal drying after ethanol precipitation, and then transferred to a purification tank for purification. During the purification process, a pressurizing device is also provided to extend or shorten the third telescopic rod. In the process, the inflatable ball can be pressurized to reduce the purification time and improve the purification efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the extraction and purification device of polysaccharide provided by the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic plate provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the side view in the purification tank provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing device provided by the present invention.

Reference number:

1-Extraction tank, 11-Tank cover, 12-Telescopic plate, 121-First fixed plate, 122-First extension plate, 123-Second extension plate, 124-First rotation plate, 125-Second rotation Plate, 13-motor assembly, 14-ultrasonic oscillator, 15-refrigerator, 16-content plate, 2-concentration tank, 21-filter membrane, 22-connecting pipe, 3-purification tank, 31-column chromatography separation Column, 32-solvent ball, 33-inflatable ball, 34-inflatable tube, 35-fixed frame, 36-second fixing plate, 37-third telescopic rod, 38-sample box, 39-liquid box.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a polysaccharide extraction and purification device, as shown in Figures 1-4, comprising: an extraction tank 1 for polysaccharide extraction, the top of which is provided with a tank cover 11, and the extraction tank 1 is provided with a lifting device , the lifting device includes a telescopic assembly and a telescopic plate 12, one end of the telescopic assembly is connected to the telescopic plate 12, one end of the telescopic assembly is connected to the telescopic plate 12, and the other end of the telescopic assembly penetrates through the The tank cover 11 is connected to the motor assembly 13 ; specifically, the telescopic plate 12 includes a first fixed plate 121 , a first elongated plate 122 , a second elongated plate 123 , a first rotating plate 124 and a second rotating plate 125 , one end of the first fixing plate 121 is connected to one end of the first elongated plate 122 through an elastic component, and the other end of the first fixing plate 121 is connected to the second elongated plate 123 through another elastic component connection; the other end of the first extension plate 122 is rotatably connected with one end of the first rotating plate 124, and the other end of the first rotating plate 124 is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating plate 125, so The other end of the second rotating plate 125 is rotatably connected to the other end of the second elongated plate 123; the two elastic components are springs; the first fixing plate 121, the first rotating plate 124 and the The rotating connections of the second rotating plate 125 are all connected with the telescopic assembly. Further, the telescopic assembly includes a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is connected to the first fixing plate 121 , the second telescopic rod is connected to the first rotating plate 124 and the The second rotating plate 125 is connected to the rotating joint; the motor assembly 13 is a rotating motor that controls the rotation of the telescopic plate 12 . During extraction, the raw material is first placed in the extraction liquid through the telescopic plate, and after the raw material can be placed in the extraction liquid by itself, the telescopic plate scrapes the wall and stirs under the action of the telescopic assembly; specifically, First, the plants are pulverized to obtain plant powder. When using plants for polysaccharide extraction, the plant powder often floats on the upper layer of the extract. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to prevent the plant powder from floating on the upper layer of the extract, the expansion plate 12 is provided. The first fixed plate 121 , the first elongated plate 122 , the second elongated plate 123 , the first rotating plate 124 and the second rotating plate 125 in the telescopic plate 12 are all filter membranes, and the meshes of the filter membrane are all filter membranes. It is smaller than the plant powder, so as to prevent the plant powder from floating on the upper layer of the extract through the filter membrane. When in use, cover the tank cover 11 and control the first telescopic rod to move downward until the plant powder is in the extract, so that For better extraction of polysaccharides, in the process of extraction, when the plant powder can still be in the extraction solution under the action of the expansion plate 12, the second expansion rod is moved downward. The first rotating plate 124 and the second rotating plate 125 are in a "V" shape. During the rotation of the first rotating plate 124 and the second rotating plate 125, the first elongated plate 122 and the second rotating plate 125 are rotated. The second extension plate 123 slides into the first fixing plate 121 under the action of the elastic assembly, thereby shortening the lengths of both sides of the extension plate 12, and then, the motor assembly 13 Under the control of the telescopic plate 12, the other pair of opposite sides of the expansion plate 12 rotates along the tank wall of the extraction tank 1, which can effectively scrape off the plants attached to the tank wall of the extraction tank 1 during the extraction process. The powder can also be supplemented with a stirring function to make the extraction more efficient. In addition, the inner wall of the extraction tank 1 is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator 14, a sensing component, and an object holding plate 16; the sensing component is a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor, and the object holding plate 16 is provided in the extraction tank 1. The bottom of the container, the container plate 16 is a filter membrane, the mesh of the filter membrane is smaller than the plant powder, and the extracted plant powder is squeezed through the interaction between the telescopic rod 12 and the container plate 16. . The outer wall of the extraction tank 1 is provided with a refrigerator 15, which is used to adjust the temperature in the extraction tank 1 during the extraction process and the temperature in the extraction tank 1 during the concentration process; the liquid level sensor is used to detect the extraction liquid. When the added amount is to be added to the set position, stop adding the extraction liquid, and use the ultrasonic oscillator 14 to ultrasonically extract the plant powder. During the ultrasonic extraction, the temperature sensor is used to detect the inside of the extraction tank 1. If the temperature is too high, the temperature sensor sends a signal, and the refrigerator 15 performs refrigeration processing to ensure that during the ultrasonic extraction process, the temperature in the extraction tank 1 is within a suitable temperature to avoid excessive temperature. And the effect on polysaccharide extraction.

The extraction tank 1 is also provided with a first controller, which is respectively connected with the liquid level sensor, the temperature sensor, the ultrasonic oscillator 14, the motor assembly 13, the first switch and the The first power connection. It should be noted that the speed and distance of the upward movement and downward movement of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are pre-written in the first controller. The moving distance of the telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod is constant, and the rotation speed of the second motor to drive the telescopic plate 12 is pre-written in the controller, that is, the rotation speed of the telescopic plate 12 is constant.

After the polysaccharide extraction is completed, in order to make the extraction liquid flow into the concentration tank 2 to perform the concentration step, the concentration tank 2 is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank 1, the top surface of the concentration tank 2 and the bottom surface of the extraction tank 1 Connected through the filter membrane 21; the concentration tank 2 is connected with the extraction tank 1 through the communication pipe 22, the side of the concentration tank 2 is also provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a heating component is arranged in the concentration tank 2, and the The heating element is an electric heating tube. First open the switch of the filter membrane 21 so that the extraction liquid flows from the extraction tank 1 into the concentration tank 2, and then the second telescopic rod moves upward, so that the first rotating plate 124 and the second The rotating plate 125 is in the shape of a "one", and then the first telescopic rod continues to extend, so that the telescopic plate 12 moves downward, and the extraction liquid is squeezed by the telescopic plate 12 and the storage plate 16 . All flow into the concentration tank 2 through the filter membrane 21 to avoid waste caused by the residual extract. After all the extraction liquid flows into the concentration tank 2, the switch of the filter membrane 21 is closed to start the concentration process, and the temperature in the concentration tank 2 is raised to the set temperature by the electric heating tube, and then the The refrigerator 15 reduces the temperature in the extraction tank 1 to a temperature at which the vapor of the extraction liquid can be condensed. Evaporation and concentration, in the process of evaporating the extraction liquid, the evaporative dissolution enters into the extraction tank 1 through the communication pipe 22 to realize the recycling of the solvent. After the extract is concentrated to 1/8 of the volume of the extract, the concentration step is completed, and then ethanol is added through the inlet for precipitation treatment. After the ethanol and the concentrated extract are evenly mixed, they are discharged through the outlet and centrifuged. Treatment, removing the supernatant, taking the precipitate and drying it to obtain crude polysaccharide, which is then purified.

The crude polysaccharide is purified by a purification tank 3, which is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank 1 and at one side of the concentration tank 2, and a purification chromatography device is arranged in the purification tank 3. Purification is carried out by the purification chromatography device. The purification chromatography device includes a column chromatography separation column 31, a solvent ball 32 and a pressurizing device, and the pressurizing device, the solvent ball 32 and the column chromatography separation column 31 are sequentially arranged in the purification tank 3 from top to bottom. Inside. Further, the purification tank 3 is also provided with a sample box 38 and a liquid box 39, the sample box 38 is communicated with the column chromatography separation column 31, and the liquid box 39 is communicated with the solvent ball 32, so Both the sample box 38 and the liquid box 39 are provided with valves. First, the crude polysaccharide is dissolved in a solvent and then placed in the sample box 38 , and the liquid box 39 is filled with an eluent. After the column chromatography separation column 31 is packed (the packing method is dry packing or wet packing), the valve on the sample box 38 is opened, so that the dissolved crude polysaccharide is placed on the column. In the chromatographic separation column 31, then, open the valve on the liquid tank 39 to perform rinsing, and pass through the pressurizing device during the rinsing process, so that the eluent “walks through the column”, specifically, the pressurizing device Including an inflatable ball 33 and an inflatable tube 34 , the inflatable ball 33 is connected with one end of the inflatable tube 34 , and the other end of the inflatable tube 34 is connected with the solvent ball 32 . Further, the pressing device further includes a fixing device, the fixing device includes a fixing frame 35 , a second fixing plate 36 and a third telescopic rod 37 , and one end of the third telescopic rod 37 is connected to the fixing frame 35 , the other end of the third telescopic rod 37 is connected with the second fixing plate 36, the second fixing plate 36 is slidably connected with the fixing frame 35, and the second fixing plate 36 is connected to the The inflatable ball 33 is sleeved between the fixed frames 35 of the telescopic rod 37 . During the pressurizing process, the third telescopic rod 37 moves up and down, so that the second fixing plate 36 slides in the fixing frame 35 , thereby pressing the inflatable ball 33 for pressurization.

The purification tank 3 is also provided with a second controller, and the second controller is connected with the third telescopic rod 37 , the valve on the sample tank 38 and the liquid tank 39 , and the second controller. The switch is connected to the second power source. It should be noted that the speed and distance of the upward movement and downward movement of the third telescopic rod 37 are pre-written in the second controller. During the purification process, after the column chromatography separation column 31 is packed, the valve on the sample box 38 is opened, and the dissolved crude polysaccharide solution is added into the column chromatography separation column 31, and then the The valve on the liquid tank 39 is opened, and the eluent is added. Under the action of the telescopic rod 37, the eluent is made to pass through the column, and then the switch of the column chromatography separation column 31 is turned on. of polysaccharides.

It should be noted that the connection relationships of components not specifically mentioned in the present invention all adopt the prior art by default. Since they do not involve the invention and are commonly used in the prior art, the structural connection relationships are not described in detail.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

1. An extraction and purification device of polysaccharide is characterized by comprising:

the extraction tank (1) is provided with a tank cover (11) at the top end, a lifting device is arranged in the extraction tank (1), the lifting device comprises a telescopic component and a telescopic plate (12), one end of the telescopic component is connected with the telescopic plate (12), and the other end of the telescopic component penetrates through the tank cover (11) and is connected with a motor component (13); the inner wall of the extraction tank (1) is provided with an ultrasonic oscillator (14), a sensing assembly and a containing plate (16); a refrigerator (15) is arranged on the outer wall of the extraction tank (1); during extraction, the raw materials are placed in the extracting solution through the telescopic plate (12), and after the raw materials can be placed in the extracting solution by themselves, the telescopic plate (12) scrapes walls and stirs under the action of the telescopic assembly;

a concentration tank (2) which is arranged at the lower end of the extraction tank (1), wherein the top surface of the concentration tank (2) is communicated with the bottom surface of the extraction tank (1) through a filtering membrane (21); the concentration tank (2) is connected with the extraction tank (1) through a communicating pipe (22), an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the side surface of the concentration tank (2), and a heating assembly is arranged in the concentration tank (2);

a purification tank (3) disposed at the lower end of the extraction tank (1) and disposed at one side of the concentration tank (2), wherein a purification chromatography device is disposed in the purification tank (3).

2. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein the expansion plate (12) comprises a first fixed plate (121), a first elongated plate (122), a second elongated plate (123), a first rotating plate (124) and a second rotating plate (125), one end of the first fixed plate (121) is connected to one end of the first elongated plate (122) through an elastic component, and the other end of the first fixed plate (121) is connected to the second elongated plate (123) through another elastic component; the other end of the first extension plate (122) is rotatably connected with one end of the first rotation plate (124), the other end of the first rotation plate (124) is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotation plate (125), the other end of the second rotation plate (125) is rotatably connected with the other end of the second extension plate (123), and the rotary joints of the first fixing plate (121), the first rotation plate (124) and the second rotation plate (125) are all connected with the telescopic assembly.

3. The device for extracting and purifying polysaccharide according to claim 2, wherein the telescopic assembly comprises a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is connected with the first fixed plate (121), and the second telescopic rod is connected with the rotating connection position of the first rotating plate (124) and the second rotating plate (125).

4. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device according to claim 3, wherein a first controller is further disposed in the extracting tank (1), and the first controller is respectively connected to the sensing assembly, the ultrasonic oscillator (14), the motor assembly (13), the first switch and the first power supply.

5. The polysaccharide extraction and purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the purification and chromatography device comprises a column chromatography separation column (31), a solvent ball (32) and a pressurizing device, and the pressurizing device, the solvent ball (32) and the column chromatography separation column (31) are sequentially arranged in the purification tank (3) from top to bottom.

6. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device according to claim 5, wherein the pressurizing device comprises an air-filled ball (33) and an air-filled tube (34), one end of the air-filled ball (33) is connected with one end of the air-filled tube (34), and the other end of the air-filled tube (34) is connected with the solvent ball (32).

7. The polysaccharide extraction and purification device according to claim 6, wherein the pressurizing device further comprises a fixing device, the fixing device comprises a fixing frame (35), a second fixing plate (36) and a third telescopic rod (37), one end of the third telescopic rod (37) is connected with the fixing frame (35), the other end of the third telescopic rod (37) is connected with the second fixing plate (36), the second fixing plate (36) is slidably connected with the fixing frame (35), and the inflatable ball (33) is sleeved between the second fixing plate (36) and the fixing frame (35) far away from the third telescopic rod (37).

8. The polysaccharide extracting and purifying device as claimed in claim 7, wherein a sample tank (38) and a liquid tank (39) are further disposed on the purifying tank (3), the sample tank (38) is communicated with the column chromatography separating column (31), the liquid tank (39) is communicated with the solvent ball (32), and valves are disposed on the sample tank (38) and the liquid tank (39).

9. The apparatus for extracting and purifying polysaccharide according to claim 8, wherein a second controller is further disposed on the purification tank (3), and the second controller is connected to the third telescopic rod (37), the valves on the sample tank (38) and the liquid tank (39), the second switch and a second power source.

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