CN113828009A - A device for extracting flavonoids from citrus peel - Google Patents
A device for extracting flavonoids from citrus peel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113828009A CN113828009A CN202111123219.7A CN202111123219A CN113828009A CN 113828009 A CN113828009 A CN 113828009A CN 202111123219 A CN202111123219 A CN 202111123219A CN 113828009 A CN113828009 A CN 113828009A
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- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 title claims description 53
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 53
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- -1 flavonoid compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001093501 Rutaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZONYXWQDUYMKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N SJ000286395 Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZONYXWQDUYMKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036592 analgesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000748 cardiovascular system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002249 digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003949 flavanone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002207 flavanone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011981 flavanones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HVQAJTFOCKOKIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N flavonol Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C(O)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 HVQAJTFOCKOKIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007946 flavonol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011957 flavonols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyloxidanyl Chemical group [O]C GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0261—Solvent extraction of solids comprising vibrating mechanisms, e.g. mechanical, acoustical
- B01D11/0265—Applying ultrasound
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0207—Control systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/028—Flow sheets
- B01D11/0284—Multistage extraction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0292—Treatment of the solvent
- B01D11/0296—Condensation of solvent vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for extracting flavonoid compounds in orange peel, which belongs to the technical field of compound extraction devices and comprises the following components: the bottom of the shell cover is provided with a first rotating shaft, the lower end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the upper end of a first hydraulic rod, and the lower end of the first hydraulic rod is connected with a first rotating disc; the shell is arranged at the lower end of the shell cover, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor and an ultrasonic oscillator are arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the shell, and a refrigerator is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the shell; the concentration tank is positioned at the lower end of the shell, and the upper end of one side of the concentration tank is communicated with one side of the shell; and the purification mechanism is positioned at the lower end of the shell and comprises an extraction tank and a separation tank. The invention improves the extraction rate and the utilization efficiency of raw materials by intermittently carrying out pressure grinding, stirring and impacting in the extraction process, and avoids the waste of a large amount of flavonoid compounds caused by more impurities in the purification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compound extraction devices, and particularly relates to a device for extracting flavonoid compounds in orange peels.
Background
The orange peel is the peel of mature fruit of citrus trees in Rutaceae, is widely distributed in China and has good medicinal value. Researches show that the content of flavonoid compounds in the orange peel is particularly rich, more than 60 flavonoid compounds are separated and identified from the orange peel, the flavonoid compounds mainly comprise flavanone, flavone, flavonol and anthocyanin, the flavonoid compounds are polyphenol compounds taking 2-phenyl chromone as a basic parent nucleus, and functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl, methoxyl, methyl, isopentenyl and the like are commonly connected in the structure of the flavonoid compounds, and in addition, the flavonoid compounds can be combined with sugar to form glycoside. With the continuous and deep research of the chemical components and pharmacological actions of flavonoid compounds by scholars at home and abroad, the flavone is found to have various pharmacological actions and different activity actions in various aspects such as cardiovascular system, digestive system, anti-inflammation, anti-immunity, anti-tumor, analgesia, liver protection and the like. However, China is one of the important origins of citrus, and citrus resources are rich and varieties of excellent citrus are wide, so that how to fully utilize the citrus peels and change waste into valuable is increasingly concerned and valued by researchers.
Based on this, people set up a device for extracting flavonoids, thereby improving the utilization of flavonoids, and the existing device for extracting flavonoids from citrus peels comprises a dissolving tank for dissolving and separating out the citrus peels, wherein the citrus peels are processed in different modes through various devices before extraction, so that the extraction time is long, the extraction rate is low, the impurity content is high, a large amount of flavonoids are wasted, and certain influence is caused on the utilization of the flavonoids.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a device for extracting flavonoid compounds in citrus peel, which is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention aims to provide a device for extracting flavonoid compounds in orange peels, which comprises:
the bottom of the shell cover is provided with a first rotating shaft, the lower end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the upper end of a first hydraulic rod, the lower end of the first hydraulic rod is connected with a first rotating disc, the outer wall of the first rotating disc is in movable contact with the inner wall of the shell cover, and the shell cover is symmetrically provided with two airflow pipes with the same structure;
the shell is arranged at the lower end of the shell cover, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor and an ultrasonic oscillator are arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the shell, and a refrigerator is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the shell; the liquid level sensor, the temperature sensor, the ultrasonic oscillator, the refrigerator and the first hydraulic rod are electrically connected with the first controller
The concentration tank is positioned at the lower end of the shell, and the upper end of one side of the concentration tank is communicated with one side of the shell;
purification mechanism, it is located the lower extreme of concentrated jar, purification mechanism includes extraction jar and knockout drum, the extraction jar with the honeycomb duct connection is passed through to knockout drum left side upper end, the right side lower extreme of extraction jar with the breather pipe connection is passed through to knockout drum right side upper end.
Preferably, in the device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels, the lower end of the housing is provided with a second rotating shaft, the upper end of the second rotating shaft is connected with the lower end of a second hydraulic rod, the upper end of the second hydraulic rod is connected with a second rotating disc, the outer wall of the second rotating disc is in movable contact with the inner wall of the housing, and the second hydraulic rod is electrically connected with the first controller; the first controller is also connected with a first display; the electric telescopic rod is characterized in that at least two electric telescopic rods are arranged on the outer wall of the shell, the upper ends of all the electric telescopic rods are connected with the outer wall of the shell cover, the inner diameter of the shell cover is the same as that of the shell, and a sealing layer is arranged at the joint of the shell cover and the shell.
Preferably, in the device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels, the first rotating disc comprises a first flat rotating disc, a first arc-shaped disc and first conical knives, the upper surface of the first arc-shaped disc is connected with the lower end of the first hydraulic rod, the outer wall of the first arc-shaped disc is connected with the lowest end of the first arc-shaped disc, the highest end of the first arc-shaped disc is movably contacted with the inner wall of the shell cover, and a plurality of first conical knives are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the first arc-shaped disc.
Preferably, in the device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels, the first flat rotating disc and the first arc-shaped disc are uniformly provided with a plurality of filtering holes.
Preferably, in the above apparatus for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels, the second rotating disk and the first rotating disk have the same structure, and the difference is that the second tapered knife is located on the lower surface of the second flat rotating disk, and the second tapered knife and the first tapered knife are dislocated and engaged with each other, and a pressure sensor is further disposed inside the second flat rotating disk, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the first controller.
Preferably, in the above device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels, the lower ends of the airflow pipes simultaneously penetrate through the shell cover and the first arc-shaped disc and penetrate into the shell, the upper ends of the two airflow pipes are commonly connected with a first pressure booster, and the first pressure booster is electrically connected with a first controller.
Preferably, in the device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels, the airflow pipe includes a casing pipe, a spring and an air guide pipe, the lower end of the casing pipe penetrates through the casing cover, the upper end of the casing pipe is connected with the supercharger, the spring is movably located inside the casing pipe, one end of the air guide pipe penetrates through the lower end of the casing pipe, the other end of the air guide pipe penetrates through the first arc-shaped disc and penetrates into the casing, one end of the spring is connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the casing pipe, and the other end of the spring is connected with the outer wall of one end of the air guide pipe.
Preferably, in the device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels, the inner wall of the extraction tank is provided with a second pressure booster and a temperature controller, the second pressure device and the temperature controller are both electrically connected with a second controller, and the second controller is further connected with a second display.
Preferably, above-mentioned a device for extracting flavonoid in citrus peel, the breather pipe includes L shape breather pipe and straggly breather pipe, the long end of L shape breather pipe with the knockout drum right side upper end is connected, the short-end with straggly breather pipe downside is connected, the one end of straggly breather pipe with the right side lower extreme of extraction jar is connected, and the other end is connected with supercritical carbon dioxide preparation facilities through the admission valve.
Preferably, in the above device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peel, an output end of a first motor is arranged on the first rotating shaft, and an output end of a second motor is arranged on the second rotating shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the orange peel cutting machine, a first controller controls a first hydraulic rod and a second hydraulic rod to move in opposite directions, a first rotating disc is in contact with a second rotating disc, after a pressure sensor on the second rotating disc receives a set pressure value, the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod stop moving, a first motor and a second motor start to move in opposite directions relatively, so that the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc rotate in opposite directions relatively, orange peels are primarily and rapidly cut, and the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc ascend relatively; the solvent gets into in the casing, level sensor controls the solvent volume, cut up the citrus peel and soak in the solvent, the ultrasonic oscillator carries out the supersound, first hydraulic stem and second hydraulic stem motion make first rotating disk and second rotating disk carry out the relative movement contact, relative slow reverse rotation, then separate, contact relative slow reverse rotation again, to soaking and the continuous grinding that the ultrasound cut up citrus peel carries out the intermittent type messenger in the solvent, the stirring, mention citrus peel and soak extraction efficiency, when ultrasonic oscillation device vibrates the raw materials, temperature sensor detects the temperature of mixed solution in the casing, the realization is to the temperature control of mixed solution, the oxidation and the loss of heat-sensitive material are heated the degeneration has been prevented.
2. The sterilizing lamp is used for sterilizing the mixed solution, the airflow pipe is used for intermittently injecting cold airflow into the mixed solution, the movement of the citrus peels on the second rotating disc is increased in the grinding and stirring processes, the citrus peels are efficiently rolled, the cold airflow and the mixed solution are mutually convected, the cold-heat circulation alternation is realized, the heat exchange efficiency during grinding and stirring is improved, the extraction efficiency is increased, and after grinding and stirring, the mixed solution enters the concentration tank through the filter holes in the second rotating disc; when the mixed solution is filtered, the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc extrude the residual citrus peel residues, so that waste caused by the fact that the mixed solution remaining in the residues cannot be extracted is avoided; the concentration tank heats and concentrates the mixed solution, and part of the evaporated solvent enters the shell to realize the recycling of the solvent.
3. After the mixed solution enters the extraction tank, the second controller controls the second supercharger and the temperature controller to reach the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction process, the carbon dioxide fluid flows into the extraction tank through the air inlet valve to be extracted and flows into the separation tank through the guide pipe, the carbon dioxide fluid is continuously extracted from the solution in the extraction tank through the vent pipe after the separation of the separation tank, low-temperature circulation purification is realized, and the waste of a large amount of flavonoid compounds caused by more impurities is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the first rotary disk of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas flow tube of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a second rotatable disk of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the first controller with the housing cover and housing according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a second controller and purification mechanism of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. a shell cover, 2, a shell body, 3, a purification mechanism, 4, a first rotating shaft, 5, a first hydraulic rod, 6, a first rotating disk, 61, a first flat rotating disk, 62, a first arc-shaped disk, 63, a first conical cutter, 64, a filter hole, 7, an airflow pipe, 71, a sleeve pipe, 72, a spring, 73, an air duct, 8, a sterilizing lamp, 9, a liquid level sensor, 10, a temperature sensor, 11, an ultrasonic oscillator, 12, a refrigerator, 13, a second rotating shaft, 14, the device comprises a second hydraulic rod, 15, a second rotating disc, 151, a second flat rotating disc, 152, a second arc-shaped disc, 153, a second conical cutter, 154, a second filtering hole, 16, a concentration tank, 17, an extraction tank, 18, a separation tank, 19, a flow guide pipe, 20, a vent pipe, 21, a first controller, 22, a second supercharger, 23, a temperature controller, 24, a second controller, 25, a first motor, 26 and a second motor.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention to be implemented, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a device for extracting flavonoid compounds in orange peel, which is shown in figures 1-6 and comprises: the bottom of the shell cover 1 is provided with a first rotating shaft 4, the lower end of the first rotating shaft 4 is connected with the upper end of a first hydraulic rod 5, the lower end of the first hydraulic rod 5 is connected with a first rotating disc 6, the outer wall of the first rotating disc 6 is in movable contact with the inner wall of the shell cover 1, and two airflow pipes 7 with the same structure are symmetrically arranged on the shell cover 1; the shell 2 is arranged at the lower end of the shell cover 1, a liquid level sensor 9, a temperature sensor 10 and an ultrasonic oscillator 11 are arranged on the inner wall of one side of the shell 2, and a refrigerator 12 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end; the liquid level sensor 9, the temperature sensor 10, the ultrasonic oscillator 11, the refrigerator 12 and the first hydraulic rod 5 are all electrically connected with a first controller 21; a concentration tank 16 which is located at the lower end of the casing 2 and has one side upper end communicated with one side of the casing 2; the purification mechanism 3 is positioned at the lower end of the shell 2 and is connected with the lower end of the electromagnetic valve 16, the purification mechanism 3 comprises an extraction tank 17 and a separation tank 18, the extraction tank 17 is connected with the upper end of the left side of the separation tank 18 through a guide pipe 19, and the lower end of the right side of the extraction tank 17 is connected with the upper end of the right side of the separation tank 18 through a vent pipe 20.
Referring to fig. 1, when in use, various parameters are input into the first controller 21, a program is written, at least two electric telescopic rods are arranged on the outer wall of the shell 2, the upper ends of all the electric telescopic rods are connected with the outer wall of the shell cover 1, the diameters of the inner parts of the shell cover 1 and the shell 2 are the same, and a sealing layer is arranged at the connection part, preferably, in the embodiment, the sealing layer is a rubber sealing ring, the shell cover 1 and the shell 2 are separated by starting all the electric telescopic rods, citrus peels are poured into the shell 2, the lower end of the shell 2 is provided with a second rotating shaft 13, the upper end of the second rotating shaft 13 is connected with the lower end of a second hydraulic rod 14, the upper end of the second hydraulic rod 14 is connected with a second rotating disc 15, the outer wall of the second rotating disc 15 is in movable contact with the inner wall of the shell 2, and the second hydraulic rod 14 is electrically connected with the first controller 21; the first controller 21 is also connected with a first display; when all the electric telescopic rods are started, the shell cover 1 and the shell 2 are closed, the first display connected with the first controller 21 controls the first hydraulic rod 5 and the second hydraulic rod 14 to move oppositely, the citrus peels on the second rotating disc 15 connected with the upper end of the second hydraulic rod 14 are contacted with the first rotating disc 6, the first rotating disc 6 and the second rotating disc 15 clamp the citrus peels and then continue to move, when the pressure sensor 29 in the second rotary disk 15 receives a set pressure value, the first hydraulic rod 5 and the second hydraulic rod 16 stop moving, the first motor 25 and the second motor 26 are started, so that the output end of the first motor 25 rotates on the first rotary shaft 4, the output end of the second motor 26 rotates on the second rotary shaft 13, the first motor 25 and the second motor 26 start to rotate oppositely, the first rotating disc 6 and the second rotating disc 15 rotate oppositely to rapidly cut the citrus peels; after cutting, the first motor 25 and the second motor 26 are stopped, the first hydraulic rod 5 and the second hydraulic rod 14 relatively move in reverse direction, the first rotating disk 6 and the second rotating disk 15 relatively ascend, the solvent enters the shell 2, preferably, the shell 2 is provided with a solvent port, when the solvent reaches a set position of the shell 2, the liquid level sensor 9 inputs a signal to the first controller 21 to control the solvent port to stop the solvent from entering, at the moment, the cut citrus peels are soaked in the solvent, the ultrasonic oscillator 10 starts to carry out ultrasonic, the first hydraulic rod 5 and the second hydraulic rod 14 relatively move to relatively move the first rotating disk 6 and the second rotating disk 15 to generate pressure on the citrus peels, then the citrus peels relatively slowly rotate in reverse direction, then the citrus peels are separated and pressurized relatively slowly and reversely rotate, the citrus peels soaked in the solvent of the shell 2 are intermittently and continuously ground and stirred, the citrus peel soaking and extraction effect is mentioned, when the ultrasonic oscillation device 10 oscillates the raw materials, the temperature sensor 10 detects the temperature in the shell, and when the temperature is too high, the first controller 21 controls the refrigerator 12 to refrigerate, so that the temperature of the mixed solution is controlled, and the oxidation and dissipation thermal denaturation of thermosensitive substances are prevented;
the sterilizing lamp 8 is arranged on the lower side of the inner wall of the shell cover 1, the sterilizing lamp 8 is arranged on the lower side of the inner wall of the shell cover 1 under the control of the first controller 21, the lower ends of the airflow pipes 7 penetrate through the shell cover 1 and the first arc-shaped disc 62 and penetrate into the shell 2, the upper ends of the two airflow pipes 7 are connected with the first supercharger together, the first supercharger is electrically connected with the first controller 21, the airflow pipes 7 intermittently flush cold airflow into the mixed solution, preferably, the shell cover 1 is provided with air holes, the movement of the citrus peels on the second rotating disc 15 is increased in the grinding and stirring processes, the citrus peels are efficiently rolled, the mutual convection of the cold airflow and the mixed solution is realized, the heat exchange efficiency during grinding and stirring is improved, the extraction efficiency is increased, after grinding and stirring, when the grinding and stirring time reaches a set value, the lower end of the shell 2 is connected with the first electromagnetic valve, the first electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the first controller 21, the mixed solution enters the concentration tank 16 through the filtering holes in the second rotating disc 15, and the first rotating disc 6 and the second rotating disc 15 extrude the residual citrus peel residues while filtering the mixed solution, so that waste caused by the fact that the mixed solution remaining in the residues cannot be extracted is avoided; preferably, the outer wall of the concentration tank 16 is provided with a water bath heater for heating the mixed solution in the concentration tank 16 to evaporate part of the solvent in the mixed solution, the evaporated solvent is communicated with one side of the shell 2 through the upper end of one side of the concentration tank 16, the concentration tank 16 is communicated with the shell 2 through a gas connecting pipe, a cooling return pipe is arranged at the joint of the gas connecting pipe and the shell 2 for condensing the solvent gas to enable the solvent gas to be condensed into liquid again to enter the shell 2, and the concentration tank 16 heats and concentrates the mixed solution to realize the recycling of the solvent;
the concentration tank 16 is connected with the extraction tank 17 through a second electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a first controller 21, the first controller controls 21 the second electromagnetic valve to enable the concentrated mixed solution to enter the extraction tank 17 in the purification mechanism 3, a second controller controls 24 each parameter, the inner wall of the extraction tank 17 is provided with a second booster 22 and a temperature controller 23, the second controller controls 24 the second booster 22 and the temperature controller 23 to achieve the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction process pressure of 7MPa and the temperature of 35 ℃, the vent pipe 20 comprises an L-shaped vent pipe and a straight vent pipe, the long end of the L-shaped vent pipe is connected with the upper end of the right side of the separation tank 18, the short end of the L-shaped vent pipe is connected with the lower side of the straight vent pipe, one end of the straight vent pipe is connected with the lower end of the right side of the extraction tank 17, the other end of the straight vent pipe is connected with a supercritical carbon dioxide preparation device through an air inlet valve 27, the air inlet valve 27 enables the carbon dioxide fluid to enter the extraction tank through the straight vent pipe for purification and extraction, the extraction tank 17 is connected with the upper end of the left side of the separation tank 18 through a guide pipe 19 and then flows into the separation tank 18 through the guide pipe, the pressure in the separation tank 18 is normal atmospheric pressure and the temperature is room temperature, pressure reduction separation is carried out to ensure that carbon dioxide in fluid and extract are rapidly separated into two phases immediately, the separation time is 5min, after separation in the separation tank 18, carbon dioxide fluid enters the straight vent pipe through the L-shaped vent pipe, the carbon dioxide fluid in the straight vent pipe and the carbon dioxide fluid in the supercritical carbon dioxide preparation device continuously enter the extraction tank for extraction, low-temperature circulation purification is realized, and the waste of a large amount of flavonoid compounds caused by more impurities is avoided; preferably, the lower end of the separation tank 18 is provided with a discharge port, and after the separation is finished, the flavonoid compounds purified by the extraction tank flow out through the discharge port.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the input ends of the supercharger, the air valve, the liquid level sensor 9, the temperature sensor 10, the ultrasonic oscillator 11, the refrigerator 12, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the first hydraulic rod 5, the second hydraulic rod 14, the pressure sensor 29, the first motor 25 and the second motor 26 are electrically connected to the output end of the first controller 21, the input end of the first controller 21 is respectively electrically connected to the output ends of the supercharger, the air valve, the liquid level sensor 9, the temperature sensor 10, the ultrasonic oscillator 11, the refrigerator 12, the electromagnetic valve 16, the first hydraulic rod 5, the second hydraulic rod 14, the pressure sensor 29, the first motor 25 and the second motor 26, and the output end of the programmable controller 21 is electrically connected to the input end of the first display; the first controller 21 is also electrically connected with the input module, and the first controller 21 writes programs for inputting various parameters through the input module; the model of the supercharger is GBD-D gas supercharger, the model of the controller is MAM-680, the model of the temperature controller is KSD301, the model of the temperature sensor 10 is HIH-3602, and the model of the pressure sensor 29 is PT 124G-113T; the input ends of the second supercharger 22, the temperature controller 23 and the air inlet valve 27 are all electrically connected with the output end of the second controller 24, the input end of the second controller 24 is respectively electrically connected with the output ends of the second supercharger 22, the temperature controller 23 and the air inlet valve 27, the output end of the second controller 24 is electrically connected with the input end of the second display, the second controller 24 is also electrically connected with the input module, and the first controller 24 is used for programming input parameters through the input module.
As shown in fig. 4-6, in order to realize that the first rotating disk 6 and the second rotating disk 15 can perform crushing, grinding, pressurizing and filtering, the first rotating disk 6 comprises a first flat rotating disk 61, a first arc-shaped disk 62 and a first conical cutter 63, the upper surface of the first arc-shaped disk 62 is connected with the lower end of the first hydraulic rod 5, the outer wall of the first arc-shaped disk 62 is connected with the lowest end of the first arc-shaped disk 62, the highest end of the first arc-shaped disk 62 is in movable contact with the inner wall of the housing cover 1, and a plurality of first conical cutters 63 are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the first arc-shaped disk 62; a plurality of filtering holes 64 are uniformly distributed on the first rotating plate 61 and the first arc-shaped plate 62. The second rotating disk 15 has the same structure as the first rotating disk 6, except that the second tapered knife 153 is located on the lower surface of the second flat rotating disk 151, the second tapered knife 153 and the first tapered knife 63 are dislocated and engaged with each other, the second flat rotating disk 151 is further provided with a pressure sensor 29 inside, and the pressure sensor 29 is electrically connected to the first controller 21. Therefore, the first rotating disk 6 and the second rotating disk 15 press the citrus peels on the second rotating disk 15, the second conical cutter 153 and the first conical cutter 63 are staggered and meshed with each other, the citrus peels are crushed and ground while the second conical cutter 153 and the first conical cutter 63 are prevented from colliding with each other, and the citrus peels are crushed.
The airflow pipe 7 comprises an overflow pipe 71, a spring 72 and an air duct 73, the lower end of the overflow pipe 71 penetrates through the shell cover 1, the upper end of the overflow pipe is connected with the supercharger, the spring 72 is movably positioned in the overflow pipe 71, one end of the air duct 73 penetrates through the lower end of the overflow pipe 71, the other end of the air duct 73 penetrates through the first arc-shaped disc 62 and penetrates into the shell 2, one end of the spring 72 is connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the overflow pipe 71, and the other end of the spring is connected with the outer wall of one end of the air duct 73; one end of the air duct 73 penetrates through the lower end of the sleeving tube 71 and is positioned in the shell 1, in the moving process of the first rotating disc 6 and the second rotating disc 15, the citrus peels on the second rotating disc 15 generate upward force on the air duct 73, the upper end of the forced air duct 73 penetrates through the lower end of the sleeving tube 71 and enters the sleeving tube 71, and after the stress of the air duct 73 disappears, the air duct 73 in the sleeving tube 71 is restored to the original state by the resilience force of the spring to flush cold air flow intermittently in the mixed solution.
It should be noted that, the connection relation of the components not specifically mentioned in the present invention is the default of the prior art, and the connection relation of the structures is not described in detail since it does not relate to the invention point and is a common application of the prior art.
It should be noted that, when the present invention relates to a numerical range, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those in the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peel, comprising:
the air conditioner comprises a shell cover (1), wherein a first rotating shaft (4) is arranged at the bottom of the shell cover (1), the lower end of the first rotating shaft (4) is connected with the upper end of a first hydraulic rod (5), the lower end of the first hydraulic rod (5) is connected with a first rotating disc (6), the outer wall of the first rotating disc (6) is in movable contact with the inner wall of the shell cover (1), and two air flow pipes (7) with the same structure are symmetrically arranged on the shell cover (1);
the shell (2) is arranged at the lower end of the shell cover (1), a liquid level sensor (9), a temperature sensor (10) and an ultrasonic oscillator (11) are arranged on the inner wall of one side of the shell (2), a refrigerator (12) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the shell, and the liquid level sensor (9), the temperature sensor (10), the ultrasonic oscillator (11), the refrigerator (12) and the first hydraulic rod (5) are all electrically connected with a first controller (21);
a concentration tank (16) located at the lower end of the housing (2), the upper end of one side communicating with one side of the housing (2);
purification mechanism (3), it set up in the lower extreme of concentrated jar (27), purification mechanism (3) are including extraction jar (17) and knockout drum (18), extraction jar (17) with knockout drum (18) left side upper end is passed through honeycomb duct (19) and is connected, the right side lower extreme of extraction jar (17) with knockout drum (18) right side upper end is passed through breather pipe (20) and is connected.
2. The device for extracting the flavonoid compounds in the citrus peels as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second rotating shaft (13) is arranged at the lower end of the housing (2), the upper end of the second rotating shaft (13) is connected with the lower end of a second hydraulic rod (14), a second rotating disc (15) is connected with the upper end of the second hydraulic rod (14), the outer wall of the second rotating disc (15) is in movable contact with the inner wall of the housing (2), and the second hydraulic rod (14) is electrically connected with the first controller (21); the first controller (21) is also connected with a second display; the outer wall of the shell (2) is provided with at least two electric telescopic rods, the upper ends of the electric telescopic rods are connected with the outer wall of the shell cover (1), the inner diameter of the shell cover (1) is the same as that of the shell (2), and a sealing layer is arranged at the joint of the shell cover and the shell cover.
3. The device for extracting the flavonoid compounds in the citrus peels as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first rotating disk (6) comprises a first flat rotating disk (61), a first arc-shaped disk (62) and a first conical cutter (63), the upper surface of the first arc-shaped disk (62) is connected with the lower end of the first hydraulic rod (5), the outer wall of the first arc-shaped disk (62) is connected with the lowest end of the first arc-shaped disk (62), the highest end of the first arc-shaped disk (62) is in movable contact with the inner wall of the housing cover (1), and a plurality of first conical cutters (63) are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the first arc-shaped disk (62).
4. The device for extracting the flavonoid compounds in the citrus peels as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first rotating flat disc (61) and the first arc-shaped disc (62) are further provided with a plurality of filtering holes (64) uniformly.
5. The device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels according to claim 4, wherein said second rotating disk (15) is structurally identical to said first rotating disk (6), except that said second conical knife (153) is located on the lower surface of said second flat rotating disk (151), and said second conical knife (153) and said first conical knife (63) are mutually offset and engaged, and a pressure sensor (29) is further arranged inside said second flat rotating disk (151), said pressure sensor (29) being electrically connected to said first controller (21).
6. The device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peels according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower ends of the gas flow tubes (7) penetrate through the cover (1) and the first arc-shaped disc (62) at the same time and penetrate into the interior of the housing (2), and the upper ends of the two gas flow tubes (7) are connected with a first booster which is electrically connected with a first controller (21).
7. The device for extracting the flavonoid compounds in the citrus peels as claimed in claim 6, wherein the gas flow tube (7) comprises a flow tube (71), a spring (72) and a gas guide tube (73), the lower end of the flow tube (71) penetrates through the cover (1), the upper end of the flow tube is connected with the supercharger, the spring (72) is movably arranged inside the flow tube (71), one end of the gas guide tube (73) penetrates through the lower end of the flow tube (71), the other end of the gas guide tube penetrates through the first arc-shaped disc (62) and penetrates into the inside of the housing (2), one end of the spring (72) is connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the flow tube (71), and the other end of the gas guide tube (73) is connected with the outer wall of one end.
8. The device for extracting the flavonoid compounds in the citrus peels as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second pressure booster (22) and a temperature controller (23) are arranged on the inner wall of the extraction tank (17), the second pressure booster (22) and the temperature controller (23) are both electrically connected to a second controller (24), and the second controller (24) is further connected to a second display.
9. The apparatus for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peel according to claim 1, wherein said ventilation pipe (20) comprises an L-shaped ventilation pipe and a straight ventilation pipe, the long end of said L-shaped ventilation pipe is connected to the upper right end of said separation tank (18), the short end of said L-shaped ventilation pipe is connected to the lower side of said straight ventilation pipe, one end of said straight ventilation pipe is connected to the lower right end of said extraction tank (17), and the other end of said straight ventilation pipe is connected to the supercritical carbon dioxide production apparatus through an air intake valve (27).
10. Device for extracting flavonoid compounds from citrus peel, according to claim 1, characterized in that said first shaft (4) is provided with an output of a first motor (25) and said second shaft (13) is provided with an output of a second motor (26).
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| CN202111123219.7A CN113828009A (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | A device for extracting flavonoids from citrus peel |
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| CN202111123219.7A CN113828009A (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | A device for extracting flavonoids from citrus peel |
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| CN114653093A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-06-24 | 河南农业大学 | Extraction and purification device of polysaccharide |
| CN115138098A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-04 | 南宁师范大学 | Method for extracting flavonoid substances in orange peel based on ultrasonic component |
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Application publication date: 20211224 |