CN112423590A - Mixtures and use comprising benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl and methods for their application - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to mixtures comprising benzpyrimoxan and the pesticide oxazosulfyl, and to methods for controlling invertebrate pests, in particular rice invertebrate pests, comprising the application of such mixtures.

Description

Mixtures and use comprising benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl and methods for their application

The present invention relates to pesticidal mixtures of benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl, and methods of applying said mixtures.

There is a need for effective and safe pesticides and pesticide mixtures, especially in agriculture, and especially against rice invertebrate pests. It has been found that these objects can be achieved by agrochemical mixtures comprising the pesticides benzpyrimoxan and oxasulfyl.

In a first aspect, the present invention relates to an agrochemical mixture (mixture according to the invention) comprising benzpyrimoxan and the pesticide oxazosulfyl.

Benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl are also referred to as compound I and/or compound II of the mixture according to the invention, or as a compound according to the invention. Since the order of mixture pairing in the name of a mixture is irrelevant, it is irrelevant if a compound is referred to as compound I or compound II.

Benzpyrimoxan and some of its mixtures are described in WO 2016104516.

Oxazosulfyl is described for example in WO2017104592 and some of its mixtures are described in WO 2016002595.

A typical problem arising in the field of pest control is the need to reduce the dosage rate of active ingredients to reduce or avoid adverse environmental or toxicological effects, while still allowing effective pest control. Another problem encountered is the need to have available pest control agents that are effective against a broad spectrum of pests.

There is also a need for pest control agents that combine knockdown activity with long-term control, i.e., combining rapid action with long-lasting action.

Another difficulty associated with the use of pesticides is that repeated and exclusive application of a single pesticide compound in many cases results in rapid selection of pests that either naturally or adaptively tolerate the active compound. Accordingly, there is a need for pest control agents that help prevent or overcome tolerance.

Furthermore, there is a need for pesticide compounds or combinations of compounds that improve plants upon application, which may lead to "plant health", "plant propagation material viability" or "increased plant yield".

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an agricultural combination that solves one or more of the problems discussed, such as:

-a reduced dose rate of the drug,

-an increased spectrum of activity,

combinations of knockdown activity with long-term control,

-improved resistance to drugs management,

-improved plant health;

-improved plant propagation material viability, also known as seed viability;

-increased plant yield.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide pesticidal mixtures which solve at least one of the problems in question.

It has been found that this object is achieved in part or in whole by a combination of active compounds as defined herein.

Furthermore, the invention relates to:

-a composition comprising a pesticidal mixture as defined herein and at least one inert liquid and/or solid acceptable carrier;

-an agricultural composition comprising a pesticidal mixture as defined herein and at least one inert liquid and/or solid acceptable carrier;

-a method for controlling or combating invertebrate pests, comprising contacting said pests or their food supply, habitat, breeding grounds with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein;

-a method for protecting a plant from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests, comprising contacting the plant, plant propagation material or a soil or water in which the plant is growing with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein;

-a plant propagation material comprising a pesticidal mixture as defined herein in an amount of 0.1g to 10kg per 100kg of seeds;

-a method of protecting plant propagation material comprising contacting plant propagation material with a pesticidal mixture as defined herein in an amount of from 0.1g to 10kg per 100kg of plant propagation material;

-the use of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein for protecting growing plants or plant propagation material from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests;

a method for controlling phytopathogenic harmful fungi, wherein the fungi, their habitat or the plants to be protected against fungal attack, the soil or seed are treated with an effective amount of a pesticidal mixture comprising compound I and at least one specific compound B;

a method for protecting plants from phytopathogenic harmful fungi, wherein the fungi, their habitat or the plants to be protected from fungal attack, the soil or seed are treated with an effective amount of a pesticidal mixture comprising compound I and at least one specific compound B;

-a method for protecting an animal against infestation or infection by parasites which comprises administering to the animal a parasiticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein;

-a method of treating an animal infested or infected by parasites which comprises administering to an animal in need thereof a parasiticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein; and

-the use of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein for controlling parasites in and on animals.

In a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of the mixtures according to the invention for combating or controlling rice invertebrate pests and correspondingly to a method for combating or controlling rice invertebrate pests by applying such mixtures.

Rice (Oryza, especially Oryza sativa) is an important basic food in the world. It is staple food in asia and an important part of many cultivations (culture). Rice is therefore an important crop and cultivated over large areas, especially in asia.

Invertebrate pests and in particular insects, arthropods and nematodes cause significant damage to growing and harvested rice crops, causing large economic losses to food supply and to property. Despite the large number of pesticidal agents known, there is still a need for new agents for combating invertebrate pests such as insects, arachnids and nematodes, since the target pests are able to develop resistance to said agents. Further, rice cultivation requires special agricultural chemicals suitable for cultivation methods used in rice, such as the use of nursery boxes, paddy fields, aquatic environments, and the like. Pesticides suitable for use in rice must also be well tolerated by rice plants. They must also be well tolerated by the environment of rice plants, for example from an ecotoxicological point of view, i.e. they must not harm beneficial organisms. Furthermore, they must remain intact in the conditions in which they are applied to ensure efficacy. This is especially a challenge in aquatic environments and high temperature climatic conditions where rice is commonly grown. On the other hand, they must degrade within a reasonable period of time so that they do not have any adverse effect on the environment. They must not affect the health of farmers and consumers. They should not be present in the subsequent rice product (low or no residue) to ensure the safety of the human consuming the rice. In addition, many pests have developed resistance to pesticides commonly used in rice. Thus, pesticides suitable for use in rice should be effective against those pests that have developed resistance to other pesticides. Not all pesticides can meet the requirements to be used in these conditions.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide compounds which have good pesticidal activity against a large number of different invertebrate pests present in rice, in particular against difficult to control insects, arachnids and nematodes, and which show a good activity spectrum while still showing good regulatory properties.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the invention relates to mixtures according to the invention, in which benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl are the only active ingredients (binary mixtures). However, they may comprise other ingredients, such as carriers, adjuvants and other formulation ingredients.

As mentioned above, the mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in rice.

In one embodiment of the invention, the invention relates to certain methods and uses of the inventive mixtures in rice:

mixtures according to the invention for controlling rice pests, in particular rice invertebrate pests, in rice;

compositions comprising the mixtures of the invention for controlling rice pests, especially rice invertebrate pests, in rice;

-a method of combating rice invertebrate pests, rice invertebrate pest infestation or infection, which method comprises contacting the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the invention as defined above or a composition thereof;

-a method of controlling rice invertebrate pests, invertebrate pest infestation or infection, which method comprises contacting the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the invention as defined above or a composition comprising a mixture of the invention;

-a method for preventing or protecting against rice invertebrate pests, comprising contacting rice invertebrate pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds with a mixture of the invention as defined above or a composition comprising a mixture of the invention as defined above;

-a method for protecting rice, rice plants, rice plant propagation material and/or growing rice plants from attack or infestation by rice invertebrate pests, comprising contacting or treating rice, rice plants, rice plant propagation material and growing rice plants or the soil, material, surface, space, area or water in which rice, rice plants, rice plant propagation material is stored or rice plants are grown with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the invention as defined above or a composition comprising a mixture of the invention;

a method for enhancing the health of rice plants, especially in paddy fields, comprising the treatment with a mixture according to the invention;

-a method for increasing the yield of rice plants comprising treating with a mixture according to the invention;

-rice seeds comprising the mixture according to the invention as defined above in an amount of 0.1g to 10kg per 100kg of seeds;

-the use of a mixture of the invention as defined above for protecting growing rice plants or rice plant propagation material from attack or infestation by rice invertebrate pests;

all compounds of the mixtures according to the invention, including, where appropriate, their stereoisomers, their tautomers, their salts or their N-oxides, and also their compositions, can be used in particular for controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropods and nematodes and especially insects. Accordingly, the present invention relates to the use of the disclosed compounds for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular invertebrate pests of the insect, arachnid or nematode class.

The term "composition of the invention" or "composition of the invention" includes compositions comprising a mixture of the invention as defined above, thus also including stereoisomers, agriculturally or veterinarily acceptable salts, tautomers or N-oxides of the corresponding compounds.

Furthermore, it has been found that simultaneous, i.e., combined or separate, or sequential, application of benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl can enhance control of pests compared to the control rates possible with the individual compounds.

The mixture of the invention may be a physical mixture of benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl. Thus, the present invention also provides a mixture of benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl. However, the composition may also be any combination of benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl, and it is not required that benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl be present together in the same formulation.

An example of a composition of the invention or for use according to the invention, wherein benzpyrimoxan and azosulfyl are not present simultaneously in the same formulation, is a combipack. In combination packaging, the two or more components of the combination packaging are packaged separately, i.e. not co-pre-formulated. Thus, the combination package comprises one or more individual containers, such as vials, jars, bottles, sachets, bags or cans, each container containing an individual agrochemical composition component. One example is a two-component combination package. The present invention therefore also relates to a two-component combination package comprising a first component which in turn comprises compound I, a liquid or solid carrier and, if appropriate, at least one surfactant and/or at least one customary auxiliary, and a second component which in turn comprises at least one compound II, a liquid or solid carrier and, if appropriate, at least one surfactant and/or at least one customary auxiliary. For example, further details regarding suitable liquid and solid carriers, surfactants and conventional adjuvants are described below.

In one aspect, the use of benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl in combination is understood to mean the use of a physical mixture of benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl. On the other hand, the combined use may also consist in using benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl separately, but in a sufficiently short time from each other to produce the desired effect. A more detailed description of the combined use can be found in the description below.

The term "invertebrate pests" (also referred to as animal pests) as used herein includes animal populations such as insects, arachnids and nematodes, which attack plants and thereby cause substantial damage to the attacked plants, and ectoparasites, which infest animals, particularly warm-blooded animals such as mammals or birds, or other higher animals such as reptiles, amphibians or fish, and thereby cause substantial damage to the infested animals.

Pest pests

The mixtures of the invention are particularly suitable for effective control of animal pests such as arthropods, gastropods and nematodes, including but not limited to:

lepidopteran (Lepidoptera) insects, such as the wax moth (Achroia grisella), the genus plectra (Acleris spp.), e.g., a. fimbriana, western black head plectra (a. gloverana), black head plectra (a. variana); acromiopsis orientalis, athetosis sanguinea (acronica major), athetosis fusca (adoxyphylloides spp.), such as pseudoplectania similis (a. cyrtonema), athetosis malalis (a. orana); cutworm (Aedia leucophyla), cutworm (Agrotis spp.), such as cutworm (a. extimania), cutworm (a. fucosa), cutworm (a. ipsilon), a. orthogoma, cutworm (a. segetum), a. subterranean; cotton leafed looper (Alabama argillacea), Aleurodicus spiralis (Aleurodicus disperses), Botrytis virescens (alaphilia pomeria), grape hornworm (Ampelophaga rubiginosa), Amylosis transitella, Anasampissima, Anagasta kuehniella, peach kernel moth (Anarsia lineaella), Quercus flavus (Anasota senatia), Antheraea pernyi, Heliothis rostrata (Anatarsia spp.), such as velvet bean armyworm (A. gemmatales); apaea spp, aproaeema modella, tortricid (Archips spp), such as fruit tree tortricid (a. argyrospila), apricot tortricid (a. fusccocupreunus), rose tortricid (a. rosana), a. xyloseanus; silversmith moths (argyresthea conjugella), the genus striped diamond back moths (argyrophyllo spp.), the genus banded moths (Argyrotaenia spp.), such as the pine leaf banded moths (a. velutiana); athetis mindara, austroaca virigrea, acremonium armyworm (Autographa), armyworm (Autographa nigrigna), cabbage looper (Barathra brassicae), bedelia spp, Bonagota salubicola, indica butterfly (Borbo cinnara), cotton leaf piercing latent moth (bucsula thyuriella), pine geometrid (bupleurus piniarius), busseeola spp, leaf rollers (cacia spp), such as fir leaf roller moth (c.rimonana), yellow tail roller moth (c.podadana); borer (cactoblas cactrum), borer (Cadra cautella), Calingo blazensis, calioptilis theivora, Capua reticulana, Carposina spp, such as fruit moth (c. niponensis), peach fruit borer (c. sasakii); stemona (Cephus spp.), rabdosia major (Chaetocnema ariidula), winter-size moth (Cheimatobia brumata), gramineara (Chilo spp.), such as c.indicus, Chilo suppressalis (c.supressalis), c.paratellus; choreutis pariana, Cerrena spp, such as Cryptocarya salsa (C.reflitana), Picea spruce Periploca (C.fumifera), apple leaf folder (C.longicenana), European spruce leaf folder (C.muriana), Western spruce leaf folder (C.occidentalis), C.rosacena; noctuids (Chrysodeixis) ((Pseudoplusia) spp), southern silverworm moths such as (c.iosoma), soybean loopers (c.incrudens); armyworm (cirphes unipuncta), grapevine moth (Clysia ambiguella), Cnaphalocerus spp, rice leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), plutella xylostella (Cnephasia spp), sunflower stem borer (cochleariae), colepsy (colephophora spp), coleus eurytheme, tea branch point moth (conomorpha spp), Conotrachelus spp, Copitarsia spp, rice (coracocephala), corn root knot nematode (crambu californicus), grass borer (crammer), crocidosia (cryptophyma), cryptophyma (═ capillaris), apple moth (apple moth, c), and codia leaf roller (apple leaf roller), such as apple leaf moth (apple leaf roller), diamondback moth (apple leaf roller); dalaca noctuides, walnuts cannibalism (danana integra), dasychia pinicola, matsutake (Dendrolimus spp.), such as european pine moth (d.pini), red pine moth (d.spectabilis), larch pine moth (d.sibiricus); grape leaf roller (Desmia funeralis), Diaphania spp, such as Diaphania infusoriana (D.nitidalis), Diaphania cantonensis (D.hyalinata); stem borer, Diatraea grandiosella (Diatraea grandiosella), Diatraea saccharalis, Dipthera fistiva, Diamond-A (Earias spp.), such as E.egypt (E.insulana), diamond-greens (E.vittella); ecytolopha aurantianum, Egira (Xylomyges) curries, Nanmey corn plantula borer (Elasmopal puss lignosollus), sugarcane borer (Eldana saccharana), grapevine borer (Endopizaza vitiana), fall culis cunea (Ennomos subsignaria), Mexican rice borer (Eoreuma loftini), Pinctada spp (Ephemta spp.), such as dried fruit pink borer (E.caudaella), tobacco pink borer (E.elutella), Mediterranean pink borer (E.kuehniella); noctuid (epilotia aporema), codling moth (epiphysa postvitettana), bodhita (Erannis tiliaria), plantain (Erionota thrax), borer (Etiella spp.), Eulia spp., ligustrum lucidum (Eupoecilia ambiguella), yellow moth (Euproctis chrysosproea), cutworm (Euxoa spp.), everria boutikola, farona albicans, noctuid (Feltia spp.), such as cutworm (f. subterranean); galleria mellonella, gracilaria spp, grapholitha spp, such as plumeria sporeana (g.funebrana), Gracilina (g.molesta), apple Gracilina (g.inopinata); halysidota spp, Chrysomyia pallida (Harrisina americana), Hedylepta spp, Helicoverpa spp, such as Helicoverpa armigera (H.armigera ═ Heliothis armigera), Helicoverpa americana (H.zea ═ Heliothis zea)); heliothis spp, such as Heliothis virescens (H.assulta)), H.subflex, Heliothis virescens (H.virescens); hellula spp, such as cabbage borer (h.undalis), cabbage borer (h.rogatalis); helocovapa gelopoeon, Hemiloea olivae, rice leaf-cutting borer (Herpetospermus licilis), Hibernia defoliaria, Hifminella punctifera (Hofmenophila pseudostella), Helianthus annuus (Homoeospora erectum), Helianthus annuus (Homoeospora luteola), Camellia sinensis (Homona magnania), Hypenophora scabra, Hypopharia americana (Hypopharia cunea), Prunus cerasus (Hypomeuta padelilla), Malus plusia (Hypomeuta malinellus), Diospyrosporus kaki (Kakivoria flavica), Lycopersicon esculentus (Keierella lycopersica), Acacia ostrinia (Ladina fischeriana), Lespodoptera (Lespodoptera), Lespodoptera serosa), Lespodoptera (Lespodoptera), Lespodoptera spp (Lespodoptera spp.); leimizora lycivorella, malassezia zeylanica (lithiocolletia blancatalla), green fruit winter worm (lithiohane antennata), lalatia octo (Amyna axis), grape berry leaf roller moth (Lobesia botrana), lophaca spp, soyabean white rhizophora (Loxagrotis albicostata), Loxostege spp, such as beet webworm (l.sticticas), l.cereralis; toxophila (Lymantria spp.) such as gypsy moth (l.dispar), phaedomyza moth (l.monacha); peach latent moth (Lyonetia clerkella), Lyonetia prunifolia, teleosteria spp (Malacosoma spp.), such as apple teleosteria spp (m.americium), grassland teleosteria spp (m.californicum), forest teleosteria spp (m.constrictum), yellow brown teleosteria spp (m.neustria); cabbage loopers (Mamestra spp.) such as cabbage looper (m.brassicae), pelargonium graveolens (m.consortia); mamstra brassicae, manuuca spp, such as tomato hornworm (m.quinquemacula), tobacco hornworm (m.sexta); picea furnacalis (Marasmia spp), Marmara spp, phaea furnacalis (Maruca testulis), megalophage lanata, Melanchra picta, mesopic (Melanitis leda), Mocis spp, such as m.lapites, athea virginica (m.repanda); mocis strips, Monochroa fragaria, armyworm (Mythimna separata), nemapogo cloacaella, Neoleucinodes eleganis, pseudoulexia (neuroptia spp.), nyphakia spp, oiticicus spp, bean cotyledona punctalis (omiodides indicata), sweet potato stem borer (omphia antatomosa), winter geometrid moth (operhtt brumata), yellow fir poisoning moth (orydia pseudotsuga), Oria spp, oraga thyisalis, stem borer (Ostrinia spp.), such as european corn borer (o. Rice mud worm (Oulema oryzae), apple scale moth (pleacrita vernata), small eyeworm moth (panoli flammer), rice skipper (parara spp.), common stem moth (papapiema nebra), big phoenix butterfly (papiio cresphonte), navel orange borer (paraylos transtheca), grape diatherm moth (Paranthrene regalis), palm-free butterfly moth (palysanddia archon), chrysopa (pectinora spp.), such as colorful borer (p. gossypiella); spodoptera littoralis (Peridroma gaucia), plutella spp (Perileucoptera spp.), such as coffee leaf miner (p. cofffeella); round-palm boat moth (Phalera bucephala), phyganidia californica, nicotiana sp (pthorimaea spp.), such as potato hornworm (p. operculella); citrus leaf miners (Phyllocnistis citrella), phyllocristella (phyllonorcher spp.), such as veillonella variegata (p. blancardella), hawthorn leaf miners (p. crataegella), p.isikii, diamond back moth (p. ringoniella); pieris sp, such as european Pieris (p.brassicae), Pieris rapae (p.rapae), and Pieris rapae (p.napi); picrocis tripuncta, alfalfa green armyworm (platyphena scabra), Platynota spp, e.g. p.flavedana, p.idaesulis, p.stultana; the species of the species phyllostachys edulis (platyptillia carduus), pinkeye (plebejuus argus), indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella), Plusia spp, Plutella maculipennis (Plutella maculipennis), diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), Pontia protodica, Prays spp, spodoptera litura (Prodenia spp), athetia lepigone (pseudolitea spp), such as p.sequax, myxoma spicata (p.uniphilus); corn borer (Pyrausta nubilalis), Rachiplusia nu, ricia albicostata, Rhizobius ventralis, ryionoia frustrana, Sabulodes aegrotata, schizoura concinna, Schoenobius spp, schrensis festilia, agrostigma alba, agriopsis furnacalis (Scirpophaga spp.), e.g., tryporyza incertulas (s.incertulas), s.innotata; scotia segetum, diaphania (sesami spp.), such as rice stem borer (s.inferens), grapevine tiger moth (sedyra subflava), wheat moth (sitotragana cerealella), grapevine leaf moth (sparganothris pileriana), spolonoa prolapsis, codling moth (s.ocellana), Spodoptera griseola (lamydata) spp.), such as s.cosmopides, s.eridania, Spodoptera exigua (s.exigua), Spodoptera frugiperda (s.frugiperda), s.latissa, Spodoptera litura (s.littora), yellow striped armyworm (s.ostreatus); stigmella spp, Stomopteryx subservella, stromon bazochi, cotton leaf roller (Sylepta derogata), synanthon spp, such as peach fruit moth (s. exitiosa), Tecia solanivora, Telehin lice, thamatopoea pitycompa, thamatopoa leucootia (Cryptophlebia) leucotreta, pine xenoboat moth (thamatopoa pitycompaa), therla spp, thereima ampelophaga, thyinteina spp, tinenia incondensa, teneca spp, such as t.clava, bageworm (t.pellionella); tent grain moth (teneola bisseliella), Tortrix spp, such as charoth oak (t. viridana); trichoplusia (Trichophaga tapetzella), Trichoplusia (Trichoplusia spp.), such as Trichoplusia ni (t.ni); tura (scrobipal) absoluta, Udea spp, such as greenhouse sesamia nubilalis (u.rubigalis); virachla spp, apple moth (Yponomeuta padela) and Zeiraphthera canadens;

coleopteran (Coleoptera) insects, such as Acalymma vitettaum, phaseolus vulgaris (acanthoscelehdes obtectus), rhynchophylla rostratus (adorteus spp.), firefly (agetisa albi), Agrilus spp, such as a.anxius, a.planipennis, zileuca perniciflua (a.sinutatus); click beetles (Agriotes spp.) such as click beetles (a. fusciollis), click beetles (a. linear), and dark click beetles (a. obscurus); alphotobius dipterinus, amphetallus solstialis, Anisandrus dispar, oceanic beetle (anisplia australis), pissodes virescens (anobilia punctata), allochres aeruginosa (Anomala corpulenta), red copper tortoise (Anomala rufouprepa), Anomala sp (Anomala spp.), such as Anomala glabra (a. glabripennis); anthonomus spp, such as Piper nigrum (A.eumenii), Ardisia gossypii (A.grandis), Ardisia malorum (A.pomorum); bark beetles (athrenus spp.), aphhthona euphorodae, elephant (Apion spp.), gill tortoise (Apogonia spp.), Athous haemaphila rhoids, cryptoptera (atomura spp.), such as beet crypthecodin (a. lineris); bark beetles (attigenus spp.), yellow melon (Aulacophora febrifolius), longitudinal pit-cutting bark beetles (blatophagus piniperda), Blitophaga undata, bruchidia obstecus, pissodiums (Bruchus spp.), such as european pissodiums (b.lentis), pisiform elephants (b.pisorum), pissodiums (b.rufimanus); equine apple (bycitis beta), caliidiella rufipene, calophylla florida, hemiphora viridis (calosobrucus chinensis), calomeria ohridella, beet megalopa (Cassida nebora nebrodensis), diabrotica virgifera (Cerotoma trifurcata), golden beetle (Cerotonia aurata), turtle genus (Cerotorhynchus spp.), such as Brassica chinensis (C.assiliis), and Brassica rapa (C.napi); beet shin-flea beetles (Chaetocnema tibialis), Cleonus mendicus, Periploca species (Conoderus spp.), such as tobacco wireworm (C. vespertinus); conotrachius nenophar, Rhizophyllus spp, New Zealand grass grub (Costelytra zealandica), Asparagus officinalis nauplii (Crococeris asparagi), Tripterus albus (Crococephalus), Tripterus terrestris (Cryptophytes ferrugineus), Cryptophythus chrysospermum (Cryptorynchus lapathi), Ctenodra spp, such as C.destructor; weevils (Curculio spp.), Cylindrocarpus spp, Cycleephala spp, corn beetles (Dactylispa balyi), borers (Dectes texanus), bark beetles (Dermests spp), Diabrotica spp, such as Diabrotica sp, D.undecimpunctata, D.speciosa, Diabrotica longhorn (D.longicornis), D.semipuncta, Diabrotica longata (D.virgifera); citrus weevils (diprenes abbrevates), the family name Phlebia (dichlorocis spp.), the rice beetles (Dicladispa armigera), the Argentina (Diloberus abderius), the Diacaldra frumenti (Diacalandra stigmatollis), the Enophales rufusus, the predatory insect genus (Epilachna spp.), such as E.varivestis (E.varivestis), the potato ladybug (E.viritomatocata); genus phyllotreta (Epitrix spp.), such as tabacum robusta (e.hirtipenis), e.similaris; eutheola humilis, variety of Mongolia plant (Eutinobium brasiliensis), Elapina tabacum (Faustinus cubae), Gibbium psiyloides, Gthocerus cornutus, Diatra medinalis (Hellula undalis), African alone (Heterocyclus arator), Hypermorpha elegans, Pinus pinaster (Hylobius abies), Hovenia bajuvenia (Hylobiulus), Hypera spp, such as E.aegypti (H.brunneipennis), Medicago sativa (H.potecium); scales viridis (hypomes squamosus), bark beetles (hypotenemus spp.), spruce bark beetles (Ips typographus), lachnosthenna consinguinea, tobacco beetles (Lasioderma serricorn), Latheticus oryzae, lathridis spp, Lema spp, such as tobacco negative mud worm (l.bililina), black angle negative mud worm (l.melanophous); genus Leptinotarsa (leptinotara spp.), such as leptinotara (l.decemlineata); leptispa pygmaea, beet beetles (limosus californicus), rice weevils (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus), tubocurarus spp, Luperodes spp, silverfish spp, such as laspex pinus (l.bruneus); xylogens fuscus, genus Macrodactylus spp, such as m.subspinosus; scarab beetles (Maladera matrida), Megaplatypus mutates, Megascelis spp, melantotus communis, genus cauliflower beetle (Meligethes spp.), such as rape pollen beetle (m.aeneuus); melontha spp, such as castanea mollissima (m.hippopastani), marmot mossback (m.melontha); western stem borer (Metamasius hemipterus), Microtheca spp, Migdolus spp, such as m.fryanus, marjoram spp, such as Monochamus spp; naupactuus xanthoraphus, yellow spider beetle (Niptus hololeucus), Oberia brevica, Oemona hirta, luteolin (oriyces rhinoceros), samara spicata (oryzaephius surrinamens), oryzagus oryzae, vitis vinifera (otilerhuas sulcataus), strawberrius turbinatus (otilerhuas ovatus), vitis vinifera (otilerhuas sulcatus), vitis vinifera (otilerhua sulcatus), lous melanopus, daucus oryzae (ouma oryza sativa), chrysomella livida (oxoidea), Phaedon spp, such as simian beetle (p.bracteata), and simian beetle (p.coiliana); phoracantha recurva, pyricularia pyriformis (Phyllobius pyri), phlorata faberi (phyllopera horticola), gill-eating chafer (Phyllophaga spp.), such as p.helleri; phyllotrata spp, such as p.chrysocephala, soybean flea beetle (p.nemorum), phyllotrata beetle (p.striolata), and phyllotrata beetle (p.vitula); tortoise sinensis (Phylloperthola), Tortoise japonica (Popilia japonica), elephant beetle (Premnoptyppes spp.), Psacotha hiraris, rape blue flea beetle (Psyliodies chrysephora), Rhynchophorus (Protephnus truncates), Psyliodies spp., Arachnis spp.), Pulga saletona, Rhyzopertha dominica (Rhynchophorchia), Red Brown beetle (Rhynchophorus spp.), such as R.billlifera, Red Brown beetle (R.ferugineus), palm beetle (R.palmorum), R.phoenicis, R.vulnerus; saperda Candida, Scolytus scheveewi, Scyphophorus acupuntatus, Pisum sativum (Sinona Lineatus), Rhynchus (Sinophilus spp.), Rhynchus (S.granaria), Rhynchus (S.oryzae), and Rhynchus (S.zeamais); aphania (sphagnum spp.), e.g., s.levis; stegobium panicum, stemphylum (stemechus spp.), e.g., s.subsignatus; strophomorphus ctentotus, Symphyletes spp., Tanymescus spp., Tenebrio molitor (Tenebrio molitor), Tenebriodes maureneticus; pseudogrisea (Tribolium spp.), such as Tribolium castaneum (t. castaneum); bark beetles (trogloderma spp.), piscioides (typhus spp.), and sipunculus (xyloterthus spp.), such as x.pyrrhodeus; and the genus talbot (zabirus spp.), such as z. tenebrioides);

diptera (Diptera) insects, such as Aedes spp, e.g., Aedes aegypti (a.aegypti), Aedes albopictus (a.albopictus), Aedes infestans (a.vexans); fruit fly mexicana (Anastrepha ludens); anopheles spp, such as Anopheles albidoides (a. albicans), Anopheles catarrhalis (a. crystallins), Anopheles freudenreichii (a. freeborni), Anopheles gambiae (a. gambiae), Anopheles bardahliae (a. leucosphygus), Anopheles pentamaculatus (a. maculipennis), Anopheles microductus (a. minimus), Anopheles quadrimaculatus (a. quadratus), and Anopheles sinensis (a. sinensis); bactrocera invadens, Aedes schyngii (Bibio hortula), Drosophila viridis (Calliphora erythrocepha), Drosophila rubra (Calliphora vicina), Bactrocera mediterrana (Ceratitis capitata), Chrysomyia spp (Chrysomyia spp.), such as Chrysomya maggot (C.bezziana), C.hominivorax, Chrysomya putrefaction (C.macellaria); chrysops atlantic us, deer fly (Chrysops dispalilis), deer fly (Chrysops silacea), trypanosoma fly (Cochliomyia spp.), such as helicoverpa (C.hominivorax); cecidomyiia (conterinia spp.), such as sorghum cecidomyiia (c.sorghicola); maggots of human tumorophila (cordylobiu anthropophaga), Culex spp (Culex spp.), such as motronomid (c. nigripalpus), Culex pipiens (c. pipiens), Culex fatigues (c. quinquefasciatus), motonella philadelphica (c. tarsalis), Culex tritaeniorhynchus (c. tritaeniorhynchus); wild Culicoides (Culicoides fures), phlebotomidae (culisata inornata), phlebotomidae (culisea melanocarpa), flavoptera (cutebra spp.), melon flies (Dacus cucurbitae), olea europaea (Dacus oleae), olea europaea (dasius), dasyphylla brassicae (dasinella brassiccus), gerbil flies (dasinella furacae), gerbil flies (d.antia), gerbil flies (d.coarctata), gray fly flies (d.platura), cabbage fly flies (d.radiaticum); dermatidae (Dermatobia hominis), Drosophila (Drosophila spp.), such as Drosophila punctatus (d. suzukii), latania (Fannia spp.), such as latrine trichogramma (f. canicularis); gastrophilis spp, such as horse fly (g.intestinalis); geomyza tiputa, Glossina spp., such as G.fuscipes, Onychis fly (G.morsitians), Onychis fly (G.palulis), Onychis fly (G.tachinoides), Haematobia irritans, Haplodiplosis equistis, Hippelates spp., Blackflies (Hylemia spp.), such as peanut field fly (H.platura); dermomycota (Hypoderma spp.) such as dermomycopa striata (h.lineata); hyppoboca spp, rice phaeomyza pomonella (hydrallia philippina), leptoconos torches, Liriomyza spp, such as Liriomyza sativae (l.sativae), l.trifolii; lucilia spp, such as l.caprina, Lucilia cuprina (l.cuprina), Lucilia sericata (l.sericata); lycoria peptalis, Mansonia titillanus, Mayetiola spp, such as the midge masculina (m.destructor); muscca spp, such as fall house fly (m.autumnalis), house fly (m.domestica); muscina stabulans (Muscina stabulans); oestrus spp, such as sheep rabies (o.ovis); optozyza florum, Oscinella spp, such as, for example, straw fly, sweden (o.frat); rice gall midge (Orseola oryzae), pelagia hyoscyami (Pegomya hysocyami), Chrysopa argentea (Phenobomomus argentipes), Musca sp (Phorbia spp.), such as Allium fistulosa (P.antiaqua), Lucilia sativa (P.brassicae), Musca griseus (P.coarctata); phytomyza gynostoma, prosulium mixtum, carrot stem fly (Psila rosae), golombia lepidopterous (Psorophora columbiae), Psorophora radiscolor, Rhagoletis spp, such as cherry fruit fly (r. cerasi), r.cingulate, r.indeffens, r.mendax, apple fruit fly (r. pomonella); rivellia quadrifacia, the genus Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga spp.), such as the red tail Sarcophaga (s. haemorrholidis); gnats (Simulium vittatum), Sitodiplosis mosellana, stinging flies (Stomoxys spp.), such as stable flies (s.calcitirans); tabanus (Tabanus spp.), such as black soldier fly (T.atratus), Tabanus bovis (T.bovinus), Protozoa rubra (T.lineola), and Ereminus domesticus (T.similis); tannia spp., the codiplosis japonensis, Tipula oleracea, the European midge (Tipula paludosa) and the Musca species (Wohlfahria spp.);

insects of the order Thysanoptera (Thysanoptera), for example thrips oryzae (balothrips biformis), thrips orchid (dichomothrips corbeti), dichomothrips ssp. Thrips (Heliothrips spp.), thrips greenhouse (Hercinothrips femoralis), thrips cardunculus (Kakothrips spp.), Microphalotrips abdominis, Neohyodothieps samayunkur, Pezothrips kellyanus, Rhapophorus pinipes crustutus, thrips spp (Scirothrix spp.), such as Stephania aurantiaca (S.citri), S.dorsalis, S.perae; stenchaethiothrips spp, Taenioththrips cadamoni, Taenioththrips inconquens; thrips spp, such as t.imagines, t.hawaiiensis, Thrips oryzae (t.oryzae), Thrips palmi (t.palmi), t.parvispinus, Thrips tabaci (t.tabaci);

hemipteran (Hemiptera) insects, such as albizia jujudae (acitzia jamatonica), Acrosternum spp, such as lygus lucorum (a. hirae); anorthosiphon spp, such as a. onobrychis, pisum (a.pisum); larch ballaphid (Adelges larici), Adelges tsugae, Adelphocoris spp, e.g. a. rapidus, a. superbus; the species aphanidermia (aenolamia spp.), pediculosis raphanus (Agonoscena spp.), Aleurodes solani (aulacerthum solani), aleurococcus wogonis wogoni, aleurophthirirus albus (Aleurodes spp.), Aleurodicus disperses, aleurophyllus canescens (Aleurolobus barodensis), aleurothrix serpentis (aleurothrix spp.), amaurophyllus amauroides (amarasca spp.), aleurophyllus cichorus (amauropilus), aleurites cucurbitus (anasius tristis), oridinus dermatioides (aleurophyllus spp.), anus cardui, aleuropezius (aleuropezirus spp.), Aphis caris, aleuropeyrodida (apiaria), Aphis persicae), aleurospora persicae (apium), aphid, a, aphid a (aca. a), aphid, etc. (aphid a). Lesser leafhopper vitis (arboricula acilis), triatomus orbiculatus (aricus critatus), scutellaria sp, pelagia sp, scutellaria sp, Atanus sp, alacastas yasumatsui, ashore aphid (aulorthum solani), bactera cockerel (Paratrioza cockereli), Bemisia sp, such as Bemisia argenteus (b. argentifolii), Bemisia tabaci (b. taurocardia tabaci)); orius (brissus spp.) such as corn bugs (b. leucopterus); brachycaudus spp, e.g. brevifilis swill (b.cardui), brevifilis leiboulii (b.heliorysi), brevifilis persicae (b.persicae), b.prunicola; the genus Brachycolus spp, Brachycorynella asparagi, cabbage aphid (brevicornine brassicae), capopsila spp, such as c.furgualis, c.pyricola (Psylla piri); small brown rice lice (caligipania marginata), lygus sp (calosporidium spp.), eustoma punctum (Campylomma livida), Capitophorus horni, canocephala fulgida, lygus sp (cavelothris spp.), Ceraplastes spp, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Ceraplastes ceriferus, Cerosipha gossypii, chaetosporin fragilis, chionaspira tegaglenis, Chlorita onki, chromaphila jugelia, chrysophallus ficus, Cicadulina, Cimex spp., such as tropical bugs (c. humicola), malachita tulosa (c. delbrueckia); cocomyytilus villi, genus lecithium (cocus spp.), such as c.hesperidum, c.pseudomonagniarum; corythucha acuta, creatotides dilutes, cryptophyma triquetrum (cryptomyces ribis), chrysomophalus aonidum, cryptophyma triquetrum (cryptomyces ribis), ctenylasia spatulata, black bug, dolkus bugs (cyrtophyllus noductus), dalulus spp, black bug (dysius pipris), white fly (dialeurides spp), such as d.cifolii; dalbuus maidis, pediculosis (Diaphorina spp.), e.g. d.citri; pelothyrium dorferi (Diaspis spp.), such as d.bremeliae; dichelops furcatus, stinkbug (dicocoris hewetti), Doralis spp, alpinia fir cone aphid (Dreyfusia nordmannianae), spruce cone aphid (Dreyfusia piceae), taraxacum (dresicha spp.); myzus persicae (Dysaphis spp.) such as plantago major (d.plantaginea), myzus persicae (d.pyri), and myzus julianae (d.radicola); dysaulacorthhum pseudosolani; plant of the genus lygus (dysdermus spp.) such as lygus lucorum (d.cingulatus), d.intermedia; mealybugs genus (Dysmicoccus spp.), Edessa spp, geochoris spp, lesser leafhopper genus (Empoasca spp), such as broad bean leafhopper (e.fabae), sorafera (e.solana); epidiaspis leperii, genus aphis (Eriosoma spp.), such as e.lanigerum, e.pyricola; cicada (Erythroneura spp.); dolastacus (Eurygaster spp.) such as dolastacus tritici (e.integriceps); leafhopper hopper (Euscelis bilobatus), american stinkbug (Euschistus spp.), such as soybean brown stink bug (e.heros), tobacco stink bug (e.impictivris), brown stink bug (e.servus); fiorinia theta, Geococcus coffeae, Glycaspis brimoblecombei; lygus lucorum (halomorphha spp.) such as lygus lucorum (h.halys); achalasia angustifolia (heliobaltis spp.), cicada vitronectica (Homalodisca virtripeennis (h. coagigata)), horcia nobillus, leizus reuteri (heliopterus pruni), ribes europecticus (hyperomobius lactucae), eriocheir sinensis (Icerya spp.), Icerya sp (Icerya spp.), such as i.purchasse; leafhopper genera (Idiocerus spp.), allamanda (Idioscopus spp.), Laodelphax striatellus (Laodelphax striatellus), Lecanium spp (Lecanium spp.), lecanius florisis, elapidium sp (Lepidosaphes spp.), such as l.ulmi; lygus lucorum (leptococcusasp.), Lygus lucorum (Leptoglossus phyllopus), aphis Raphanus sativus (lipaphoris erysimi), Lygus lucorum (Lygus spp.), such as Lygus lucorum (l.hesperus), Lygus pratensis (l.lineolaris), Lygus pratensis (l.pratensis); macrocytococcus hirsutus, Marchalina helleriana, eulygus lucorum (Macropes exavatus), mythium elongatum (Macrosiphum spp.), such as mythium multiflorum (m.rosae), mythium avenae (m.avenae), mythium euphorbiae (m.euphophorbiae); macrostelles quadriliensis, Mahanarva fimbriata, Trigoid bugs (Megacopta cribra), Nervilia nidulans (Megoura viciae), Melanaphila pyralis, sorghum aphid (Melanaphila sacchara); melanocallilis (Tinocallis) caryaefolia, Metafiella spp, Nephelus tritici (Methopolophium dirhodium), Aphis maculans (Monella costalis), Monelliopsis pecalis; myzocallis coriyli, Murgantia spp, genus Myzus spp, such as, for example, aphid (m.ascalonicus), aphid (m.cerasi), m.nicotianae, Myzus persicae (m.persicae), and xanthomonas (m.varians); long tubular aphids (nanogovia ribis-nigri), neozoptera formosana, neomegalomus spp, nephilactium spp, such as malaya melanogaster (n.malayanus), two-leafhopper (n.nigropitus), tiny leafhopper (n.parvus), two-leafhopper (n.virescens); lygus spp (Nezara spp.) such as rice green bugs (n.viridula); brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens), Nysius huttoni, orius (oebalanus spp.), such as rice stinkbugs (o.pugnax); oncotropia spp., orthozya praeloga, oxycaranus hyalinipennis, myricetulus aleuroides (babesia myrica), scutellariae spp., such as p.corni, p.persicae; pymetropia sp (Pemphigus spp.) such as woolly gloriosa cyst (p. burlarius), p. populivenae; corn candle hoppers (Peregrinus maidis), sugarcane planthoppers (Perkinsiella sacchara), mealybugs (phenacacocus spp.), such as p.acids, p.gossypii; woolly aphid of poplar (gloeomyzus paserinii), aphid of verrucella (phomodon humuli), rhizomatophorus (Phylloxera spp.), such as p.devastatrix; stinkbug (Piesma quadrata), Piezodours spp, such as P.guilidinii; brown mottle (Pinnaspis asperstree), mealybugs (Planococcus spp.), such as p.citri, p.ficus; prosapia bicincta, protoplasmococcus pyriformis (protopulvingia pyriformis), apolygus lanuginosus (Pseudococcus seriatus), pseudoacyta persea, multocarpus (pseudolacaspis pentagona), the genus mealybugs (Pseudococcus spp.), such as mealybugs conraddea (p.comstocki); psyllium (Psylla spp.) such as apple psyllid (p.mali); hornet (Pteromalus spp.), Pulvinaria amygdali, Pyrilla spp, Sciadophora sp, such as Q.panicoticus; quesada gigas, Lecanicillium spp (Rastrococcus spp.), Reduvius senilis, Rhizoecus americanus, Ornitus spp (Rhodnius spp.), Pholiota varivestis (Rhodalomyces asalonicus); a sinonovacula sp (Rhopalosiphum spp.) such as a turnip aphid (r. pseudobrassicas), a portunus constricta (r. insertum), a corn aphid (r. maidis), a cereal siponius (r. padi); sagatodes spp, theobroma brown stink bug (Sahlbergella singularis), amaurococci (Saissetia spp), sappaphias mala, sappaphias mali, saptocoris spp, grape leafhopper (Scaphoides titanius), Schizaphis graminis (Schizaphis graminum), schizonera lanuginosa, lygus oryzae (scotophora spp), eclipta spinosa (setaria verticillata), setaria viridis (Sitobion avenae), physalis liptae (Sogata. sp.), pelagi dorsalis (Sogatella furcifera), solea insularis, spistictus felis (stitus), stephania theophylla, stephania trichoderma viride, stephani purpurea, stephani, stephania trichoderma viridae, stephani, stephania pacifia, stephania; tibraca spp, gymnocyclis spp, sonophora spp, such as dichopheles citriodora (t.aurantii); whitefly (Trialeurodes spp.) such as t.abutilonea, t.ricini, whitefly (t.vaporariorum); triatomus (Triatoma spp.), pediculosis (Trioza spp.), lesser leafhopper (typlocyba spp.), cupyriasis (unaspip.), such as u.citri, arrowhead (u.yanonensis); and the aphid vitis vinifera (Viteus vitifolii);

hymenopteran (Hymenoptera) insects, for example, acanthomyphores internjectus, Sinkiang apis cerana wasp (Athalia rosae), Atta spp, such as A.capiguara, Formica cutanea (A.cephalolotes), A.laevigata, A.robusta, A.sexdens, A.texana, bumblebee (Bombus spp.), Brachyremex spp, Camponotus spp, such as Florida dorsalis (C.floridanus), C.pennylvinus, C.modoc; cardiotonic tada noda, Chalibion sp, lapacho (creatogaster spp.), velvet ant (dasymulus occidentalis), meleagris (Diprion spp.), braconia megacephala (dolichula maculosa), dorymyrex spp., dryocosmius kuripilus, Formica spp., euglena (hopamppa spp.), such as h.minuta, apis mellifera (h.testudinea); iridomyrmex humilis, chaetoceros (Lasius spp.), such as black ant (l.niger), argentina ant (linephea humile), liomatopom spp., Leptocybe invasa, Monomorium spp., such as yellow imported (m.pharaonis), Monomorium, nylandra fulva, pachyconta chinensis, paraatrophina longicornis, paraesophaga spp., such as p.germanica, p.pennyvana, p.vulgaris; pheidole spp, such as brown termites (p.megacephala); pogomomycex spp, such as red ants (p. barbatus), harvester ants (p. californicus), wasps (pollists rubiginosa), prelipis impairs, pseudoymmex gracilis, scheelipon spp, srex cyaneus, Solenopsis spp, such as tropical fire ants (s.geminata), red fire ants (s.invicta), s.molesta, black fire ants (s.richteri), southern fire ants (s.xyloni); sphecius spiiosus, Sphex spp., Tapinoma spp., such as T.melanocephalum, T.sessile; tetramorium spp, such as t.caespitum, t.bicarinatum, Vespa spp, such as vespid wasp (v.crabro); vespela spp, such as bumblebee (v. squamosa); wasmannia auropunctata, Xylocopa sp;

insects of the order Orthoptera (Orthoptera), such as cricket (Acheta domestica), acrivama italica (caliptamus italicus), locusta mediterranean (chlamydocetes terminifera), ceruthophilus spp., diastramena asynamoma, morinda citrifolia (locusta), grylotalpa spp., such as Gryllotalpa (g.africana), Gryllotalpa (g.grylotalpa); gryllus spp., african cane locust (helioglyphus daganensis), pterocarpus santalinus (Kraussaria angulifolia), Locusta spp., such as migratory locust (l.migtoria), brown migratory locust (l.pardalina); melanoplus spp, such as hemimorpha nigricans (m.bivittatus), hemimorpha nigricans (m.femurubrum), mexican black locust (m.mexicanus), migratory black locust (m.sanguinipes), and rocky black locust (m.spretus); red striped locusts (nomadaris septicemasciata), sinogardney locusts (Oedaleus senegalensis), Scapteriscus spp, schistoserca spp, such as american desert locusts (s.americana), desert locusts (s.gregaria), stempelma spp, court disease (tacchymyces asynmamorous) and zonozereus variegatus;

spider-web (arahnida) pests, such as Acari subclasses (Acari), such as ticks (Argasidae), Ixodidae (Ixodidae) and Sarcoptidae (Sarcoptidae), such as anthrisides (ambyomma spp), such as long star ticks (a.americoside), tropical flower ticks (a.variegatum), spotted eye ticks (a.maculosum), sharp tick (Argas spp), such as persicaria persicae (a.persicus), cattle tick (Boophilus sp), such as bullwall ticks (b.annulus), achromotos (b.decoroloratus), mini tick (b.desmoplasticus), dermalis spp, such as forest leather (d.silvarum), amygdala (d.sanotidae), and hard tick (dipyrifos), such as dipyrifos (sciola major), black tick (dipyrifos), such as dipyrifos (sciulus (sciola), such as dipyrifos (sciulus), such as dipyrifos (sciulus), nerius (sciulus), dipyrifos (e.g Tick (o.hermsi), retro-pyrus (o.turicata), bird mites (ornithnosus bacoti), ticks (Otobius megnini), Dermanyssus gallinae (Dermanyssus gallinae), Psoroptes (Psoroptes spp.), such as sheep scab (p.ovis), Rhipicephalus (Rhipicephalus spp.), such as rhynchophyllus sanguineus (r.sanguineus), rhynchophyllus caudatus (r.apendiculus), Rhipicephalus valgus (Rhipicephalus evertii), rhizus spp (rhizyphus spp.), Sarcoptes spp. (Sarcoptes spp.), such as human scabies (s.scabies); and the gall acaridae (Eriophyidae), including the Aceria spp, such as a. sheldoni, a. anthracopes, the Acallitus spp, the acanthops spp, such as a. lycopersici, the citrus rust (a. pelekassis); acantho (Aculus spp.) such as acantho pomifera (a. schlechtendali); colomerus vitamins, Ruscus aculeatus (Epitrimerus pyri.), Rhynchophorus citriodora (Phylloptruta oleivora); eriophytes ribis and gall mites (Eriophyes spp.), such as citrus gall mites (Eriophyes sheldoni); tarsonemudae (Tarsonemidae), including Tarsonemus semitarsalus spp, Phytonemus pallidus and Tarsonemus laterosus spp, Tarsonemus stenopterus spp; the family of spider mites (tenuipilidae), including the genus brevipus (brevipus spp.), such as the red spider mite (b. phoenicis); tetranyhidae (tetranyhidae), including the genus of Tetranychus (Eotetranychus spp.), the genus of true Tetranychus (Eutetranychus spp.), the genus of Acarinus (Oligonychus spp.), Petrobia latens, Tetranychus spp., such as Tetranychus cinnabarinus (T.cinanabrinus), T.evansi, Tetranychus hirsutus (T.kanzawai), Tetranychus pacificus (T.pacificus), T.phaseolus, Tetranychus gossypii (T.tetralarius) and Tetranychus urticae (T.urticae); alfalfa sedge (Bryobia praatiosa); panonychus (Panonychus spp.) such as tetranychus apple (p. ulmi), Panonychus citri (p. citri); metatrennychus spp. and Oligonychus spp., such as Tetranychus frugiperda (O.pratensis)), O.perseae, Vasates lycopersici; raoiella indica, fruit acaridae (Carpoglyphidae), including Carpoglyphus spp.; pentaleidae spp, such as halodeus destructor; several demodicdae (demomicidae), such as Demodex spp.; trombicidea, including Trombicula spp; macroacaridae (macrolysidae), including orthothionssus spp; pyemotidae (Pyemotidae), including Pyemotes tritici; tyrophagus putrescentiae; acaridae (Acaridae), including Acarus siro; araneida (Araneida), such as poisonous spider (Latrodectus macrants), Tegenaria agrestis, Chiracanthium sp, Lycosa sp, Achaeerarea tepidaorum, and Orxosceles recussa;

nematode Phylum (xylum Nematoda) pests, for example plant parasitic nematodes, such as root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne species (melodogyne), such as northern root-knot nematodes (m.hapla), southern root-knot nematodes (m.incognita), root-knot nematodes javanica (m.javanica); cyst nematodes, Globodera (Globodera), such as potato gold thread (g. rostochiensis); cyst nematodes (Heterodera), such as the cereal cyst nematodes (h.avenae), soybean cyst nematodes (h.glycines), beet cyst nematodes (h.schachtii), clover cyst nematodes (h.trifolii); seed gall nematode, granulomatosis (Anguina); nematode, Aphelenchoides (Aphelenchoides), such as Aphelenchoides besseyi (a.besseyi); nematoda, nematoda (belolaimus), such as weed nematoda (b.longicaudatus); pine nematodes, Bursaphelenchus (Bursaphelenchus), such as pine wood nematodes (B.lignicolus), pine wood nematodes (B.xylophilus); roundworms, circumstriatum (Criconema), strongyloides teres (criconemerella), such as c.xenoplax and c.ornata, and rotifers (criconemerides), such as criconoides informas, cyclonematoda (Mesocriconema); globodera, phylogena (Ditylenchus), such as the rotting stem nematode (d.destructor), sweet potato stem nematode (d.dipsaci); conus, Conus spp (Dolichodorus); helicoid nematodes, multiple ribbon helices (heliotylenchus multicinctus); coleoptera and coleoptera, the genera coleoptera (Hemiclilophora) and Hemiccone; genus hirshmaniella; coronaria, the genus nematode (hopolaimaus); pseudoroot knot nematode, caenorhabditis elegans (Nacobbus); nematodes, longedunculus (longidrus) such as extended longedunculus (l.elongatus); root rot nematodes, Pratylenchus (Pratylenchus), such as Pratylenchus brachypus (p.brachyurus), Pratylenchus negligeus (p.negectius), Pratylenchus penetrans (p.penetrans), p.curvatus, Pratylenchus guli (p.goodheyi); perforators, nematoda (radophous), such as Radopholus similis (r.similis); rhadophorus spp; rhodopholus spp.; reniform nematodes, reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus spp.), such as circus nematodes (r.robustus), reniform nematodes (r.reniformis); scutellariae (scoutellonema) genus; residual root nematodes, trichoderma spp, such as t.obtusius, primitive trichoderma spp; bur-like genera (parathichororus), such as p.minor; brachystic nematodes, dwarfing nematodes (tylenchochyhus), such as cleyton dwarfing nematodes (t.clavytoni), adventitious dwarfing nematodes (t.dubius); citrus nematodes, genus tylenchus (Tylenchulus), such as citrus hemipenetans (t.semipenetans); sword nematode, sword nematode (xiphilinema); and other plant parasitic nematode species;

insects of the order Blattodea, for example the genus Macrotermes spp, such as m.natalensis; cornitermes cumulans, procornierimes spp, Globitermes sulfureus, neocaproitermes spp, such as n.opacus, n.para; termites (odontottermes spp.), Nasutitermes spp, such as n.corniger; coptottermes spp, such as lactotermite formosanus (c.formosanus), c.gettroi, c.acinacidiformis; termitomyces spp, such as r. hesperus, r. tibialis, yellow thorny termites (r. speratus), yellow limb termites (r. flavipes), r. grassei, european termitid (r. lucifugus), and meixiaohuai termites (r. virginicus); hetetromes spp, such as golden yellow heterotrimer (h.aureus), long-headed heterotrimer (h.longiceps), sugarcane termite (h.tenuis); cryptotermes spp, such as c.brevis, c.cavifrns; incuitermes spp, e.g., i.minor, i.snyder; marginitermes hubbardi, Kalotermes flavicolis, Neotermes spp, such as New Termite (N.castaneus), Zootermopsis spp, such as Z.angusticalis, Z.nevadensis, Mastotermes spp, such as M.darwiniensis, Blatta spp, such as Blatta orientalis, B.lateralis; blattella spp, such as b.asahinae, german cockroach (b.germanica); rhyparobia maderae, Panchlora nivea, Periplaneta spp, such as Periplaneta americana (p.americana), blattaria australis (p.australasia), blattaria brown (p.brunnea), blattaria nigra (p.fuliginosa), Periplaneta japan (p.japonica); supella longippa, Parcoblatta penicillanica, Eurycotis floridana, Pycnosselus surinamensis,

insects of the order Siphonotera, for example Cediopsylla simples, Ceratophyllus spp, Ctenocephalides spp, such as (Cat fleas (C.felis), dog fleas (C.canis), Indian fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis), itch fleas (Pulex irutans), Trichodectes canis, Periplaneta penetrans (Tunga pierrans) and sick fleas (nosopropylis fasciata);

insects of the order Thysanura, such as Chlamydomonas occidentalis (Lepisma saccharana), Ctenoolepima urbana, and Chlamydomonas maculans (Thermobia domestica);

pest of the order Chilopoda (Chilopoda), for example Geophilus spp, Scutigera spp, such as Scutigera coleoptrata;

copepoda (Diplopoda) pests, such as Blaniulus guttulatus, julius spp, narreus spp;

a symphyta (symphylla) pest, such as Scutigerella immaculata,

insects of the order Dermaptera (Dermaptera), for example Forficula auricularia (Forficula auricularia),

insects of the order Collelmola, for example of the genus Onychiurus (Onychiurus ssp.), such as the armed Denychiurus armatus (Onychiurus armatus),

isopoda (Isopoda) pests, such as Armadillidium vulgare (Armadillidium vulgare), Onychium pectinosum (Oniscus asellus), Armadillidium globosum (Porcellio scaber);

insects of the order phylloxera (Phthiraptera), for example of the genus zoophthora (Damalinia spp.); pediculus humanus (Pediculus spp.), such as Pediculus humanus (Pediculus humanus capitis), Pediculus humanus (Pediculus humanus coproides), Pediculus humanus (Pediculus humanus humanus), Pediculus humanus humanus; pubic lice (Pthirus pubis); blood lice (Haematopinus spp.) such as Calophyllus bovinus (Haematopinus eurystenus), Calophyllus suis (Haematopinus suis); pediculosis (Linoganthus spp.), such as Calonychus (Linoganthus vituli); bovine lice (Bovicola bovis), chicken lice (Menopon gallina), large chicken lice (menocantha striatus) and buffalo lice (solenopots carpillatus), chaetomorpha (trichoderma spp.);

examples of other pest species which may be controlled by the compounds of formula (I) include the Phylum Mollusca (phyllum molussca), Bivalvia (Bivalvia), such as the genus bevacizus (Dreissena spp.); gastropoda (Gastropoda), such as agonal slug (Arion spp.), biumbilicus (biomhalaria spp.), paulospira (Bulinus spp.), desceras spp, cochlear spp (Galba spp.), lymnaea (lymnaea pp.), Oncomelania (Oncomelania spp.), ampullaria (pomoea canaliculata), amber snail (Succinea spp.); helminths (helminths), for example, Ancylostoma duodenale (Ancylostoma durodenale), Ancylostoma stercoralis (Ancylostoma ceranaceum), Ancylostoma brasiliensis (Acylostoma brasiliensis), Ancylostoma spp (Ancylostoma spp.), ascalonia similis (Ascaris lubricalis), Ascaris (Ascaris spp.), Brugia malayi (Brugia malayi), Bruguella spp (Brugia timori), Butterex spp (Bunostoma spp.), Charbertia spp, Brugia trefoil spp, cupressus spp, Diplococcus spp, Dicrocoelium spp, Dictyocaulus dictyonis, Dictyocaulus tricholobus, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus grandis, Echinococcus multocida, Endax vermicularis, Endax fascicularis, Faciana spp, Haemonchus spp such as Haemonchus contortus; heterodera (Heterobasis spp.), Chorischia microtuberculosis (Hymenolepis nana), Strongyloides (Hyostomulum spp.), Aryloides robusta (Loa Loa), Microjugla nematoda (Nematodidus spp.), Oesophaga (Oesophagostomum spp.), Heterodyma postandropi (Opisthophis spp.), Spanish cochleariae coccinella (Onchocarcus volvulus), Ostertagia sp, paragonium Paragonimus (Paragonimus spp.), Schistolonicera (Schistosoma sporum spp.), Schistolonicera haemophila (Schistosoma sporulata, Strongyloides (Schistosoma sporulata), Strongyloides (Strongyloides sporulata), Trichostyla (Trigonolobus), Trichostrongylus cois (Trigonolobus sporum tricholobus), Trichostyloides (Trigonolobus lanuginella), Strongyloides (Trigonolobus spongiola), Strongyloides spongium strongium strongiensis (Trigonolobus), Trichostyloides), Trichostrongylus cois (Trigonolobus spongium strongium strongiensis), Trichostylum strongium stronginum), Strongyloides (Trigonolobus), Trichostylum Strongyloides) Strongyloides (Trigonolobus), Strongyloides (Trigonolobus), Strongyloides) Strongyloides (Trigonolobus), Strongyloides (, Trichuris tricholobus (trichuria trichosuria) and Wuchereria banchoa (Wuchereria bancrofti).

Rice pests:

in the context of the present invention, rice invertebrate pests are the animal pests which occur in rice. Rice invertebrate pests include insects, acarids and nematodes, preferably insects. Well known rice invertebrate pests in rice include, but are not limited to, the following varieties:

hemiptera (Hemiptera):

nilaparvata lugens-brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)

Laodelphax striatellus (Laodelphax striatellus)

Sogatella furcifera (Sogatella furcifera)

Apple white leafhopper-white wing brown vein leafhopper (Cofana spectra)

Greater leafhopper-two-point leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens), N.nigreps, rice leafhopper (N.cincticeps), Malaya leafhopper (N.malayanus)

Cicada-electric light (Recilia dorsalis)

Corn orange leaf cicada-double canopy cicada (Cicadulina bipunctata)

Aster leafhopper-Diadian leafhopper (Macrostelles fascifirons)

Rice spike worm, rice stinkbug (leptocisa orientalis), standing grain spider stink bug (L.acuta)

Brown rice bug-rice green bug (Nezara viridula), Pygomenia varipennis, Sauropus bivalidus (Eysarcaris), Tibracha limpatriveris, Sauropus europaeus (Eysarcaris ventralis)

Small bed bug-obelius poecilus, stinkbugs elephant (o.pugnax)

Lygus lucorum-two star stinkbug genus (Eysarcoris sp)

Myocoris intermedia-corn stem long stinkbug (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus)

Mealworm, sorghum verruca ruber (Brevinia rehi), Tokya farger (Pseudococcus sacchara)

Aphids of rice, the red-belly aphid of the Siphonius rufiabdominalis, the Myzus avenae (Macrosiphum avenae), the green-tail aphid (Hysteroneeura setaria), the black-belly Ayamazu (Tetraneuro nigriibominis)

Aphis fabae-Gossypii (Smynthuroides betae)

Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera):

straight grain rice skippers-rice bracts (Parnara guttata), Melanitis Ieda ismene

Rice stem borer/rice stem borer-Chilo suppersalis (Chilo incessalis), Chilo polychhruss, Scopulaena punctiferalis (Chilo partellus), Chilo plejadellus

Rice stem borer Chilotraea polychrysa

Rice borer-rice stem borer (Sesamia inferenens)

Tryporyza incertulas (Tryporyza (Scirphohaga)

Rice white borer-rice white borer (Tryporyza innotata)

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), Marasmia patnalis, oryza sativa (m.exigua) with striae and brush hair (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis)

Cutting ear caterpillars/armyworms-pseudoaletia separata

Green caterpillar-spodoptera littoralis (Xanthodes transversasa)

Rice borer fly-green rice caterpillar (Narnaga aenescens)

Trichinella virginiana-Melanitis Ieda ismene, Mycalesis sp

Spodoptera frugiperda

Root cutting insect-armyworm (Mythimna separata)

Rice husk worm-rice stem borer (Nymphula depunctalis)

Carpenterworm, Lucilia (Amata sp.)

Trichinella-Trichoplusia frugiperda (Mocis frugal)

Yellow carpenterworm, Psalis pennatula

Noseudo brown noctuid, Shimao tibialis (Mocis frugal)

Rice loopers, Chrysodeeixis chalcites

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Herpetograma licarsalis)

Sugarcane borer-sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis)

Corn borer-Nanmei corn seedling borer (Elasmopalpus lignosellus)

Striped noctuid-Mocis latipes

Corn borer-corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis)

Mexico borer-Mexico rice stem borer (Eoreuma loftini)

Coleoptera (Coleoptera):

rice weevil-rice weevil (Lissophoropterus oryzophilus)

Rice weevil-rice weevil (Echinocnemus squamous)

Rice elephant-bluegrass weevil (Oryzophagus oryzae)

Rice spike (rice hispa) -rice armored (Diclodispa armigera)

Rice negative mud insect-Rice negative mud insect (Oulema oryzae)

Rice black bugs-rice black bugs (scotophora vernulate), s.vernulate, s.lurida, s.latiusula

Daojia-black concave shin jump (Chaetocnima basalis)

Holotrichia diomphalia irrorata, Leucopholis irrorata, Holotrichia diomphalia

(Phyllophaga sp), Rhinoceros sp (Heteronyhus sp)

Scarab (bicho torito) -Argentina armyworm (Diloboderus abderus)

Valley elephant-tip hidden coracoid elephant (Sphenophorus spp)

Vitis vinifera-Colaspis brunnea, c

A rice pollen beetle, Chiloraba acuta

Diptera (Diptera):

stem fly-rice stem fly (Chlorops oryzae)

Leaf miner-Japanese rice leaf miner (Agromomyza oryzae)

Maggot of whelk/rice straw fly-wheat leaf trichogramma (Hydrella sakii)

Maggot of whelk/rice-fly-wheat water fly (Hydrellia griseola)

Midge oryzae-midge oryzae (Orseolia (pacchydipiosis) oryzae)

Rice planthopper-Miscanthus oryzae (Athericona oryzae)

Rice midges-chironomy cavazzai, chironomy spp, cricotopous spp Thysanoptera (Thysanoptera):

thrips oryzae-thrips oryzae (chlorethrips oryzae), thrips oryzae (Stenochaetothrips biformis), Perrisothrips sp., thrips sp., Orthoptera (Orthoptera):

rice grasshopper, isophythmus banderan (sorghum nigrepletus), sorghum cane grasshopper (sorghum nigrepletus), locusta rubra crura (Catantops pinguis), attractorphae burri, a. crenulate, a. psittacina psittacina, a. bedeli, rataria dentata (Oxya adenttata), Oxya ebneri, oryza minuta (Oxya hyla intrica), Acrida turtica

Locust-east Asia migratory locust (Locusa migratoria manilensis)

Gryllotalpa, Gryllotalpa africana

Cricket: grylus bimaculatus, Eichhornia crassipes (Eichhornia crassipes), Euchyrtus constinus (Eichhornia crassipes), Eichhornia crassipes (Eichia crassipes), Eichhornia crassipes (E

locust-Long wing grass (Conocephalus longipes)

Isoptera (Isoptera):

termite-white termites (Macrotermes gilvus), Syntermes molestans

Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera):

ant-tropical imported fire ant (Solenopsis geminata)

White-tip nematode-Aphelenchoides besseyi (Aphelenchoides besseyi)

Acarina (Acari):

panonychus oryzae Steotarsonemus pinki

Crustaceans (crutacea):

tadpole shrimp-three-eye crayfish (Triops longicaudatus), scotland shrimp (t. cancridiformis)

Crayfish-crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), crayfish (orcones virlis).

In addition, rice is affected by many bed bugs, including lygus sinensis (Leptosporidium chinensis), lygus oryzae (Lagynotomomus elongas), lygus viridus (Nerra viridula), lygus bicolor (Eysacis parvus), lygus oryzae (Leptosporidium oryzae), stinkbugs cyrtosis (Oebalus pugnax), lygus giraldii (Cletus trigonus), and by many mites, caterpillars, beetles, rootworms, and maggots, etc.

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a chewing insect.

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a sucking mouth insect.

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a rasp insect.

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a siphonic insect.

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a sponge insect.

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the group consisting of brown planthopper (brown planthopper), gray planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus), white back planthopper (Sogatella furcifera), rice stem borer/rice stripe borer (Chilo suppersalis), Tryporyza incertulas (Tryporyza incertulas), rice leaf folder/leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), rice weevil (lissorhoptrus oryzophyllus).

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the order hemiptera or lepidoptera.

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the order hemiptera. In another embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a springtail, preferably selected from the group consisting of brown planthopper (brown planthopper), gray planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus), white back planthopper (Sogatella furcifera), greater leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens). In another embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the group consisting of brown planthopper (brown planthopper) and greater leafhopper (leafhopper nigricans bipolaris (Nephotettix virescens)), preferably brown planthopper (brown planthopper).

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a rice brown planthopper (brown planthopper).

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a greater leafhopper (leafhopper nigricans bipolaris).

In another embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a stinkbug, preferably selected from brown rice stinkbug (rice green stinkbug, Pygomenida varipennis, stinkbug (eusarnaris), Tibraca limpotrienvristris, stinkbug (eusarnaris)) or small bed bug (obelius poecilus, stinkbugs (o.pugnax)).

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the order lepidoptera. In another embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a borer, preferably a Chilo suppressalis, preferably a rice borer (Chilo suppersalis) or a Tryporyza incertulas (Tryporyza ═ Scirpophaga).

In another embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is rice leaf roller/leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), Marasmia patnalis, oryza sativa brush hair borer (m.exigua)).

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the order coleoptera. In another embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is rice weevil (rice weevil). In another embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is a rice elephant (Oryzophagus oryzae).

In one embodiment, the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the family termitaceae (isoptera).

Binary or higher mixtures

The mixtures of the invention can be applied in agriculture in combination with other active ingredients, for example with mixtures of other pesticides, in particular insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate, urea, potash and superphosphate, phytotoxins and plant growth regulators. Preferred mixed pairs are insecticides, nematicides and fungicides.

These mixtures are also encompassed by the term "inventive mixture" or "inventive mixture".

These additional ingredients can be used in succession or in combination with the mixtures according to the invention, if appropriate also immediately before use (tank mix). For example, the plants can be sprayed with the mixture according to the invention before or after treatment with the other active ingredients.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to the mixtures of the invention, which are binary mixtures of compounds I and II, i.e. wherein these active ingredients are the only active. The preferred weight ratio of such binary mixtures is 5000:1 to 1:5000, preferably 1000:1 to 1:1000, more preferably 100:1 to 1:100, particularly preferably 10:1 to 1: 10. In such binary mixtures, compounds I and II can be used in equal amounts, or an excess of component I or an excess of component II can be used.

In one embodiment, the preferred weight ratio of benzpyrimoxan to oxazosulfyl is 100:1 to 1:1, 50:1 to 1:1, 40:1 to 1:1, 20:1 to 1:1, 16:1 to 1:1 or 10:1 to 1: 1. In another embodiment, the preferred weight ratio is 100:1 to 1:3, 50:1 to 1:3, 40:1 to 1:3, 20:1 to 1:3, 16:1 to 1:3, or 10:1 to 1: 3. In another embodiment, the preferred weight ratio is 100:1 to 3:1, 50:1 to 3:1, 40:1 to 3:1, 20:1 to 3:1, 16:1 to 3:1, or 10:1 to 3: 1.

If the mixture is not a binary mixture, i.e. if it contains more active compound, the same mixture ratios apply to compounds I and II as well.

The invention also relates to the inventive method, wherein a mixture of the inventive mixture with at least one further mixing partner as defined below is applied, with the proviso that the further mixing partner is not already comprised in the mixture of compounds I and II. These mixtures are also considered to be mixtures of the present invention.

The following list M of pesticides with which the inventive mixtures classified and numbered according to the Mode of Action Classification of the pesticide Committee (IRAC) may be used together and with which a potentially synergistic effect may be produced serves to illustrate possible combinations without imposing any limitation:

m.1 acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors: M.1A carbamates, e.g. aldicarb, alanycarb,

Bendiocarb (benfuracarb), benfuracarb (benfuracarb), carbosulfan (butocarboxim), butoxycarb (butoxycarb), carbaryl (carbaryl), carbofuran (carbofuran), carbosulfan (carbosulfan), bendiocarb (ethiofencarb), fenoxycarb (fenobucarb), amitraz (formanate), furacarb (furathiocarb), isoprocarb (isoprocarb), methiocarb (methiocarb), methomyl (methomyl), metolcarb), oxamyl (oxamyl), pirimicarb (pirimicarb), propoxur (propoxcarb), thiodicarb (thiodicarb), jubax (thiomalox), methiocarb (trimethacarb), xmcarb (carb), and triazamate (triazamate); or M.1B organophosphates such as acephate (acephate), azamethiphos (azamethiphos), azinphos-ethyl (azinphos-ethyl), azinphosmethyl (azinphosmethyl), cadusafos (cadusafos), chlorophenoxyfos (chlorethoxyfos), chlorfenvinphos (chloremphosphhos), chlormephos (chlorephos), chlorpyrifos-methyl (chlorethoxyfos-methyl), coumaphos (coenap)hos), cyanophos (cyanophos), demeton-S-methyl, diazinon (diazinon), dichlorvos (DDVP), dicrotophos (dicrotophos), dimethoate (dimethoate), chlorfenvinphos (dimethyvinphos), ethoprophos (disulphoton), EPN, ethion (ethion), ethoprophos (ethoprophos), famshup (famshur), fenamiphos (fenamidophos), fenitrothion (fenthiton), fenthion (fenthion), fosthiazate (fosthiazate), heptenophos (heptenophos), neonicotinoids (imicyazofos), isopropylaminophos (isofenphos), isopropyl O- (methoxyaminothiophosphoryl) salicylate, isopropyl isoxaphos-methyl, isoxathion (isoxathion), isoxathion (isoxaphos), isoxaphos (isoxaphos-methyl, dimethos-methyl, dimethophos (isoxaphos)

Triazophos (isoxathion), malathion (malathion), triazophos (mecarbam), methamidophos (methamidophos), methidathion (methidathion), mepinylphos (mevinphos), monocrotophos (monocrotophos), naled (naled), omethoate (omethoate), oxydemethon-methyl (oxydemethon-methyl), penta-hexa (parathion), methylparathion (parathion-methyl), phenthoate (phorate), phorate (phosphate), phorate (phos), phosmet (phosmet), phosmet (phospho), phosphamide (phosphamidon), phoxim (phoxim), chlorfenapyr (pirifos-methyl), profenofos (profenofos), baraphos (propetataphos), prothiochions (prothiochos), pyraclofos (pyraclofos), pyridaphenthion (pyridaphenthion), quinalphos (quinalphos), sulfotep (sulfotep), butylpyrimidine phos (tebutipimfos), temephos (temephos), terbufos (terbufos), methidathion (tetrachlorvinphos), methylthiofenphos (thiomethon), triazophos (triazophos), trichlorphon (trichlorfon), and aphicide (vamidothion);

gaba-gated chloride channel antagonists: M.2A cyclic diene organochlorine compounds such as endosulfan or chlordane; or m.2b fiproles (phenylpyrazoles), such as ethiprole (ethiprole), fipronil (fipronil), butene fipronil (flufiprole), pyrafluprole and pyriprole;

M.3A pyrethroid sodium channel modulators, such as, for example, cyfluthrin (acrinathrin), allethrin (allethrin), d-allethrin (d-cis-allethrin), d-trans-allethrin (d-trans-allethrin), bifenthrin (bifenthrin), kappa-bifenthrin, bioallethrin (bioallethrin), 2-cyclopentenyl bioallethrin (bioallethrin S-cyclopropenyl), bioresmethrin (bioresmethrin), cycloprothrin (cycloprothrin), cyfluthrin (cyfluthrin), beta-cyfluthrin (beta-cyfluthrin), (RS) cyfluthrin (cyhalothrin), cyfluthrin (lambda-cyhalothrin), cyfluthrin (gamma-cyhalothrin), cyhalothrin (alpha-cyhalothrin), cyhalothrin (cyhalothrin), cyhalo, Zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, flufenvalerate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, bromofluthrin, heptafluthrin, imidacloprid, imiprothrin, meptafluthrin, imipramrin, meptafluthrin, meperfluthrin, metofluthrin (methfluthrin), momfluthrin, epsilon-momfluthrin, permethrin (permethrin), phenothrin (phenothrin), prallethrin (prallethrin), proffluthrin (profluthrin), pyrethrin (pyrethrum)), resmethrin (resmethrin), silate (silaflufen), tefluthrin (tefluthrin), kappa-tefluthrin, tefluthrin (tetramethrin), tetramethrin (tetramethrin), tralomethrin (tralomethrin), and transfluthrin (transfluthrin); or m.3b sodium channel modulators, such as DDT or methoxychlor (methoxychlor);

m.4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists (nAChR): M.4A neonicotinoids, such as acetamiprid, clothianidin, cycloxaprid, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam; or compound m.4a.14, 5-dihydro-N-nitro-1- (2-oxiranylmethyl) -1H-imidazol-2-amine, m.4a.2: (2E-) -1- [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl group]-N' -nitro-2-pentyleneaminoguanidine; orM4. A.3: 1- [ (6-Chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl group]-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxy-1, 2,3,5,6, 7-hexahydroimidazo [1,2-a [ ]]Pyridine; or m.4b nicotine (nicotine); m.4c sulfoxaflor (sulfoxaflor); M.4D flupyradifurone; M.4E Trifluoropyrimidine (triflumzopyrim), M.4E.1a) (3R) -3- (2-chlorothiazol-5-yl) -8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2, 3-dihydrothiazolo [3,2-a ]]Pyrimidine-8-

-5-alkoxide, M.4E.1b) (3S) -3- (6-chloro-3-pyridinyl) -8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2, 3-dihydrothiazolo [3,2-a]Pyrimidine-8-

-7-alkoxide, M.4E.1c) (3S) -8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-3-pyrimidin-5-yl-2, 3-dihydrothiazolo [3,2-a]Pyrimidine-8-

-7-alkoxide, M.4E.1d) (3R) -3- (2-chlorothiazol-5-yl) -8-methyl-5-oxo-6- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-2, 3-dihydrothiazolo [3,2-a]Pyrimidine-8-

-7-alkoxide, m.4e.1e) (3R) -3- (2-chlorothiazol-5-yl) -6- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -8-methyl-5-oxo-2, 3-dihydrothiazolo [3, 2-a-]Pyrimidine-8-

-7-alkoxide, M.4E.1f) (3R) -3- (2-chlorothiazol-5-yl) -8-ethyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2, 3-dihydrothiazolo [3, 2-a-]Pyrimidine-8-

-7-alkoxides;

m.5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric activators: spinosyns, such as spinosad 105(spinosad) or spinetoram (spinetoram);

m.6 chloride channel activators selected from the class of avermectins and milbemycins, such as abamectin (abamectin), emamectin benzoate, ivermectin (ivermectin), lepimectin (lepimectin) or milbemectin (milbemectin);

m.7 juvenile hormone mimics, such as the M.7A juvenile hormone analogues Mongolian 512(hydroprene), methoprene (kinoprene) and methoprene (methoprene); or m.7b dioxycarb (fenoxycarb), or m.7c pyriproxyfen;

m.8 other non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, such as M.8A alkyl halides like methyl bromide and other alkyl halides, M.8B chloropicrin, M.8C sulfonyl fluoride, M.8D borax, or M.8E potassium antimonyl tartrate (tartar empirical);

m.9 chord tone organ TRPV channel modulators, such as M.9B pymetrozine; pyrifluquinazon;

m.10 mite growth inhibitors, for example M.10A clofentezine (cloventezine), hexythiazox (hexythiazox) and flutenzine (diflovidazin), or M.10B terfenadine

Oxazole (etoxazole);

m.11 microbial disruptors of the mesenterium of insects, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillus thuringiensis) or Bacillus sphaericus (Bacillus sphaericus) and insecticidal proteins produced by them, such as Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.kurstaki) and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis, or Bt crop proteins: cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, and Cry34/35Ab 1;

m.12 mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, for example m.12a miticidal thioron (diafenthiuron), or m.12b organotin acaricides, such as azocyclotin (azocyclotin), cyhexatin (cyclohexadin) or fenbutatin (fenbutin oxide), m.12c propargite (propagite), or m.12d trichlorfone (tetradifon);

m.13 oxidative phosphorylation decoupling agents via proton gradient interference, such as chlorfenapyr (chlorofenapyr), Dinitrophenol (DNOC) or sulfluramid (sulfluramid);

m.14 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, such as nereistoxin analog sulfosate (bensultap), cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam or thiodicap sodium;

m.15 type 0 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, such as benzoylureas, for example bistrifluron (bistrifluron), chlorfluazuron (chlorfluazuron), diflubenzuron (diflubenzuron), flucycloxuron (flucycloxuron), flufenoxuron (fluxuron), hexaflumuron (hexaflumuron), fluoropropoxide (lufenuron), novaluron (novaluron), noviflumuron (noviflumuron), teflubenzuron (teflubenzuron) or chlorbenzuron (triflumuron);

m.16 type 1 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, such as buprofezin (buprofezin);

m.17 dipteran molting disruptors, such as cyromazine;

m.18 ecdysone receptor agonists such as dihydrazides, for example methoxybenzene hydrazide (methoxyfenozide), dibenzoylhydrazide (tebufenozide), halofenozide (halofenozide), furtebufenozide (furfenozide) or chromafenozide;

m.19 octopamine receptor agonists (Octopamin receptor agonist), such as amitraz;

m.20 mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors such as M.20A hydramethylnon (hydramethylnon), M.20B diafenquinone (equinovyl), M.20C fluypyrim; or m.20d bifenazate (bifenazate);

m.21 mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors, for example m.21a METI acaricides and insecticides, such as fenazaquin (fenzaquin), fenpyroximate (fenpyroximate), pyriminofen (pyrimidifen), pyridaben (pyridaben), tebufenpyrad (tebufenpyrad) or tolfenpyrad (tolfenpyrd), or m.21b rotenone (rotenone);

m.22 Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, e.g. M.22A

DiazolesInsect (indoxacarb), m.22b metaflumizone (metaflumizone), or m.22b.1: 2- [2- (4-cyanophenyl) -1- [ 3-trifluoromethylphenyl]Ethylene radical]-N- [4- (difluoromethoxy) phenyl]Semicarbazide or m.22b.2: n- (3-chloro-2-methylphenyl) -2- [ (4-chlorophenyl) [4- [ methyl (methylsulfonyl) amino ] methyl ester]Phenyl radical]Methylene group]A semicarbazide;

m.23 acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors such as tetronic acid and Tetramic acid derivatives, for example spirodiclofen (spirodiclofen), spiromesifen (spiromesifen) or spirotetramat (spirotetramat); m.23.1spiroperion

M.24 mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors, for example m.24a phosphines such as aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine or zinc phosphide, or m.24b cyanide;

m.25 mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors, such as β -ketonitrile derivatives, for example cyenopyrafen or cyflumetofen;

m.28 Ryanodine (Ryanodine) receptor modulators selected from the class of diamides, such as flubendiamide (flubendiamide), chlorantraniliprole (chlorantraniliprole), cyantraniliprole (cyantraniliprole), fluorocyandiamide (tetranilprole), m.28.1: (R) -3-chloro-N1- { 2-methyl-4- [1,2,2, 2-tetrafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl ] phenyl } -N2- (1-methyl-2-methylsulfonylethyl) phthalimide, m.28.2: (S) -3-chloro-N1- { 2-methyl-4- [1,2,2, 2-tetrafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl ] phenyl } -N2- (1-methyl-2-methylsulfonylethyl) phthalimide, m.28.3: cyclic bromodiamide (cyclaniliprole), or m.28.4: methyl 2- [3, 5-dibromo-2- ({ [ 3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl ] carbonyl } amino) benzoyl ] -1, 2-dimethylhydrazinecarboxylate; m.28.5i) N- [2- (5-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-2-yl) -4-chloro-6-methylphenyl ] -3-bromo-1- (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide; m.28.5j) 3-chloro-1- (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) -N- [2, 4-dichloro-6- [ [ (1-cyano-1-methylethyl) amino ] carbonyl ] phenyl ] -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide; m.28.5k) tetrachloro tetramirioprole; m.28.5l) N- [ 4-chloro-2- [ [ (1, 1-dimethylethyl) amino ] carbonyl ] -6-methylphenyl ] -1- (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) -3- (fluoromethoxy) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide; or

M.28.6: cyhalodiamide (cyhalodiamide); or

M.29: chordophor modulators-undefined target sites such as flonicamid (flonicamid);

UN. insecticidal active compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action, e.g. afidopyropen, aflatoxin, azadirachtin, amifluset, benzoxamate, brofenaside, bromopropylate, quinophthalone, cryolite, diclomezotiaz, dicofol, flufenamide, flomethon, fluthiacet, fluhexyn, fluopyram, fluuraner, polyacetaldehyde,

Methoxadiazole (methoxadiazole), piperonyl butoxide (piperonyl butoxide), difluumide, pyridalyl (pyridalyl), tioxazafen, m.un.3: 11- (4-chloro-2, 6-dimethylphenyl) -12-hydroxy-1, 4-dioxa-9-azadispiro [4.2.4.2]Tetradec-11-en-10-one,

M.UN.4: 3- (4' -fluoro-2, 4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl) -4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro [4.5] dec-3-en-2-one,

M.UN.5: 1- [ 2-fluoro-4-methyl-5- [ (2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl) sulfinyl ] phenyl ] -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-1,2, 4-triazol-5-amine, or bacillus firmus (bacillus firmus) -based active (Votivo, I-1582);

M.UN.6：flupyrimin；

M.UN.8: triflumidine amide (fluzaindolizine); m.un.9.a): 4- [5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -4H-iso

Azol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N- (1-oxothien-3-yl) benzamide; m.un.9. b): fluxamamide; m.un.10: 5- [3- [2, 6-dichloro-4- (3, 3-dichloroallyloxy) phenoxy]Propoxy group]-1H-pyrazole;

m.un.11.i) 4-cyano-N- [ 2-cyano-5- [ [2, 6-dibromo-4- [1,2,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) propyl ] phenyl ] carbamoyl ] phenyl ] -2-methylbenzamide; un.11.j) 4-cyano-3- [ (4-cyano-2-methylbenzoyl) amino ] -N- [2, 6-dichloro-4- [1,2,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) propyl ] phenyl ] -2-fluorobenzamide; m.un.11.k) N- [5- [ [ 2-chloro-6-cyano-4- [1,2,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) propyl ] phenyl ] carbamoyl ] -2-cyanophenyl ] -4-cyano-2-methylbenzamide; m.un.11.l) N- [5- [ [ 2-bromo-6-chloro-4- [2,2, 2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl ] phenyl ] carbamoyl ] -2-cyanophenyl ] -4-cyano-2-methylbenzamide; m.un.11.m) N- [5- [ [ 2-bromo-6-chloro-4- [1,2,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) propyl ] phenyl ] carbamoyl ] -2-cyanophenyl ] -4-cyano-2-methylbenzamide; un.11.N) 4-cyano-N- [ 2-cyano-5- [ [2, 6-dichloro-4- [1,2,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) propyl ] phenyl ] carbamoyl ] phenyl ] -2-methylbenzamide; m.un.11.o) 4-cyano-N- [ 2-cyano-5- [ [2, 6-dichloro-4- [1,2,2, 2-tetrafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl ] phenyl ] carbamoyl ] phenyl ] -2-methylbenzamide; m.un.11.p) N- [5- [ [ 2-bromo-6-chloro-4- [1,2,2, 2-tetrafluoro-1- (trifluoromethyl) ethyl ] phenyl ] carbamoyl ] -2-cyanophenyl ] -4-cyano-2-methylbenzamide; or

M.UN.12.a)2- (1, 3-bis

Alk-2-yl) -6- [2- (3-pyridyl) -5-thiazolyl]Pyridine; M.UN.12.b)2- [6- [2- (5-fluoro-3-pyridyl) -5-thiazolyl]-2-pyridyl]A pyrimidine; M.UN.12.c)2- [6- [2- (3-pyridyl) -5-thiazolyl]-2-pyridyl]A pyrimidine; M.UN.12.d) N-methylsulfonyl-6- [2- (3-pyridyl) thiazol-5-yl]Pyridine-2-carboxamide; M.UN.12.e) N-methylsulfonyl-6- [2- (3-pyridyl) thiazol-5-yl]Pyridine-2-carboxamide;

m.un.14a)1- [ (6-chloro-3-pyridyl) methyl ] -1,2,3,5,6, 7-hexahydro-5-methoxy-7-methyl-8-nitroimidazo [1,2-a ] pyridine; or m.un.14b)1- [ (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl ] -7-methyl-8-nitro-1, 2,3,5,6, 7-hexahydroimidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-5-ol;

m.un.16a) 1-isopropyl-N, 5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; or m.un.16b)1- (1, 2-dimethylpropyl) -N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.16c) N, 5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-1- (2,2, 2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl) pyrazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.16d)1- [1- (1-cyanocyclopropyl) ethyl ] -N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.16e) N-ethyl-1- (2-fluoro-1-methylpropyl) -5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.16f)1- (1, 2-dimethylpropyl) -N, 5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.1lg) 1- [1- (1-cyanocyclopropyl) ethyl ] -N, 5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.16h) N-methyl-1- (2-fluoro-1-methylpropyl ] -5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.16i)1- (4, 4-difluorocyclohexyl) -N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide; or M.UN.16j)1- (4, 4-difluorocyclohexyl) -N, 5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-ylpyrazole-4-carboxamide,

m.un.17a) N- (1-methylethyl) -2- (3-pyridyl) -2H-indazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.17b) N-cyclopropyl-2- (3-pyridyl) -2H-indazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.17c) N-cyclohexyl-2- (3-pyridyl) -2H-indazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.17d)2- (3-pyridyl) -N- (2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl) -2H-indazole-4-carboxamide; m.un.17e)2- (3-pyridyl) -N- [ (tetrahydro-2-furanyl) methyl ] -2H-indazole-5-carboxamide; m.un.17f) methyl 2- [ [2- (3-pyridinyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] carbonyl ] hydrazinecarboxylate; m.un.17g) N- [ (2, 2-difluorocyclopropyl) methyl ] -2- (3-pyridyl) -2H-indazole-5-carboxamide; m.un.17h) N- (2, 2-difluoropropyl) -2- (3-pyridyl) -2H-indazole-5-carboxamide; m.un.17i)2- (3-pyridyl) -N- (2-pyrimidinylmethyl) -2H-indazole-5-carboxamide; M.UN.17j) N- [ (5-methyl-2-pyrazinyl) methyl ] -2- (3-pyridyl) -2H-indazole-5-carboxamide,

M.UN.18a tyclopyrazoflor；

M.UN.19sarolaner，M.UN.20lotilaner；

un.21n- [ 4-chloro-3- [ [ (phenylmethyl) amino ] carbonyl ] phenyl ] -1-methyl-3- (1,1,2,2, 2-pentafluoroethyl) -4- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide; m.un.22a 2- (3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl) -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, or m.un.22b 2- [ 3-ethylsulfonyl-5- (trifluoromethyl) -2-pyridyl ] -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine;

M.UN.23Isocycloseram；

m.un.24a) N- [ 4-chloro-3- (cyclopropylcarbamoyl) phenyl ] -2-methyl-5- (1,1,2,2, 2-pentafluoroethyl) -4- (trifluoromethyl) pyrazole-3-carboxamide or m.un.24b) N- [ 4-chloro-3- [ (1-cyanocyclopropyl) carbamoyl ] phenyl ] -2-methyl-5- (1,1,2,2, 2-pentafluoroethyl) -4- (trifluoromethyl) pyrazole-3-carboxamide; m.un.25acyclonapyr; m.un.26benzpyrimoxan; m.un.27tigolaner; m.un.28oxazosulfyl;

m.un.29a) N- [4- [1- [4- (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl ] -1,2, 4-triazol-3-yl ] phenyl ] carbamic acid [ (2S,3R,4R,5S,6S) -3, 5-dimethoxy-6-methyl-4-propoxytetrahydropyran-2-yl ] ester; un.29b) Λ/- [4- [1- [4- (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl ] -1,2, 4-triazol-3-yl ] phenyl ] carbamic acid [ (2S,3R,4R,5S,6S) -3,4, 5-trimethoxy-6-methyltetrahydropyran-2-yl ] ester; m.un.29c) N- [4- [1- [4- (1,1,2,2, 2-pentafluoroethoxy) phenyl ] -1,2, 4-triazol-3-yl ] phenyl ] carbamic acid [ (2S,3R,4R,5S,6S) -3, 5-dimethoxy-6-methyl-4-propoxytetrahydropyran-2-yl ] ester; un.29d) Λ/- [4- [1- [4- (1,1,2,2, 2-pentafluoroethoxy) phenyl ] -1,2, 4-triazol-3-yl ] phenyl ] carbamic acid [ (2S,3R,4R,5S,6S) -3,4, 5-trimethoxy-6-methyltetrahydropyran-2-yl ] ester; m.un.29.E) (2Z) -3- (2-isopropylphenyl) -2- [ (E) - [4- [1- [4- (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl ] -1,2, 4-triazol-3-yl ] phenyl ] methylene hydrazono ] thiazolidin-4-one or m.un.29f) (2Z) -3- (2-isopropylphenyl) -2- [ (E) - [4- [1- [4- (1,1,2,2, 2-pentafluoroethoxy) phenyl ] -1,2, 4-triazol-3-yl ] phenyl ] methylene hydrazono ] thiazolidin-4-one;

m.un.30a)2- (6-chloro-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl) -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, m.un.30b)2- (6-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl) -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, m.un.30c)2- (3-ethylsulfonyl-6-iodo-imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl) -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, m.un.30d)2- [ 3-ethylsulfonyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl ] -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, m.un.30e)2- (7-chloro-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl) -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, m.un.30f)2- (3-ethylsulfonyl-7-iodo-imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl) -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, m.un.30g) 3-ethylsulfonyl-6-iodo-2- [ 3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridin-2-yl ] imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridine-8-carbonitrile, m.un.30h)2- [ 3-ethylsulfonyl-8-fluoro-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl ] -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, m.un.30i)2- [ 3-ethylsulfonyl-7- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl ] -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethylsulfinyl) imidazo [4,5-b ] pyridine, M.UN.30j)2- [ 3-ethylsulfonyl-7- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl ] -3-methyl-6- (trifluoromethyl) imidazo [4,5-c ] pyridine, M.UN.30k)2- (6-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo [1,2-a ] pyridin-2-yl) -6- (trifluoromethyl) pyrazolo [4,3-c ] pyridine.

The M-group commercial compounds listed above can be found, inter alia, in The Pesticide Manual, 17 th edition, C.MacBean, British Crop Protection Council (2015). The online pesticide handbook is updated regularly and can passhttp://bcpcdata.com/pesticide-manual.htmlIt is seen.

Another online database of pesticides offering ISO common names ishttp://www.alanwood.net/ pesticides。

M.4 Cycloxaprid is known from WO2010/069266 and WO 2011/069456. M.4a.1 is known from CN 103814937, CN105367557, CN 105481839. M.4a.2 guadipyr (gualipyr) is known from WO 2013/003977 and m.4a.3 (approved as mepiquat chloride in china) is known from WO 2007/101369. M.4e.1a) -m.4e.1f) are known from WO 2018177970. M.22b.1 is described in CN10171577 and m.22b.2 is described in CN 102126994. Spiropsidios M.23.1 is known from WO 2014/191271. M.28.1 and M.28.2 are known from WO 2007/101540. M.28.3 is described in WO 2005/077934. M.28.4 is described in WO 2007/043677. M.28.5a) -m.28.5d) and m.28.5h) are described in WO 2007/006670, WO 2013/024009 and WO 2013/024010, m.28.5i) is described in WO2011/085575, m.28.5j) is described in WO 2008/134969, m.28.5k) is described in US 2011/046186 and m.28.5l) is described in WO 2012/034403. M.28.6 can be found in WO 2012/034472. M.un.3 is known from WO 2006/089633 and m.un.4 is known from WO 2008/067911. M.un.5 is described in WO 2006/043635 and bacillus firmus-based biocontrol agents are described in WO 2009/124707. Flupyrimin is described in WO 2012/029672. M.un.8 is known from WO 2013/055584. M.un.9.a) is described in WO 2013/050317. M.un.9.b) is described in WO 2014/126208. M.un.10 is known from WO 2010/060379. Broflanilide and m.un.11.b) -m.un.11.h) are described in WO2010/018714 and m.un.11i) -m.un.11.p) in WO 2010/127926. M.un.12.a) -m.un.12.c) are known from WO 2010/006713, m.un.12.d) and m.un.12.e) are known from WO 2012/000896. M.un.14a) and m.un.14b) are known from WO 2007/101369. M.un.16.a) -m.un.16h) are described in WO 2010/034737, WO 2012/084670 and WO 2012/143317 respectively and m.un.1rii) and m.un.16j) are described in WO 2015/055497. M.un.17a) -m.un.17.j) are described in WO 2015/038503. M.UN.18Tycloprazofllor is described in US 2014/0213448. M.un.19 is described in WO 2014/036056. M.un.20 is known from WO 2014/090918. M.un.21 is known from EP 2910126. M.un.22a and m.un.22b are known from WO 2015/059039 and WO 2015/190316. M.un.23a and m.un.23b are known from WO 2013/050302. M.un.24a) and m.un.24b) are known from WO 2012/126766. Acyclonapyr m.un.25 is known from WO 2011/105506. Benzpyrimoxan m.un.26 is known from WO 2016/104516. M.UN.27 is known from WO 2016/174049. M.UN.28Oxazosulfyl is known from WO 2017/104592. M.un.29a) -m.un.29f) are known from WO2009/102736 or WO 2013116053. M.un.30 is known from WO 2013/050302. M.un.30a) -m.un.30k) is known from WO 2018/052136.

The following fungicides with which the mixtures of the invention can be used in combination are intended to illustrate possible combinations in the method of the invention, but not to limit them:

A) respiration inhibitors

-Q_oSite complex III inhibitors: azoxystrobin (azoxystrobin) (A.1.1), strobilurin (coumoxystrobin) (A.1.2), coumoxystrobin (coumoxystrobin) (A.1.3), dimoxystrobin (dimoxystrobin) (A.1.4), enestroburin (enestroburin) (A.1.5), fenaminstrobin (fenaminstroburin) (A.1.6), fenoxystrobin/fluxastrobin (flufenoxystrobin) (A.1.7), fluoxastrobin (fluoxystrobin) (A.1.8), kresoxim-methyl (A.1.9), mandestroylin (A.1.10), metominostrobin (A.1.11), trifloxystrobin (A.1.12), pyraclostrobin (fentrobin) (A.1.11), trifloxystrobin (A.1.12) (pyraclostrobin (A.13.13.13)obin) (A.1.14), pyraclostrobin (pyraoxystrobin) (A.1.15), pyraoxystrobin (pyraoxystrobin) (A.1.16), trifloxystrobin (trifloxystrobin) (A.1.17), 2- (2- (3- (2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -1-methylallylenyloxymethyl) phenyl) -2-methoximino-N-methylacetamide (A.1.18), pyribencarb (A.1.19), triclopyricarb/chlorodincarb (A.1.20),

Azolobacter (famoxadone) (A.1.21), fenamidone (fenamidone) (A.1.21), N- [2- [ (1, 4-dimethyl-5-phenylpyrazol-3-yl) oxymethyl]Phenyl radical]-methyl N-methoxycarbamate (A.1.22), metytetrapole (A.1.25), (Z,2E) -5- [1- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N, 3-dimethylpent-3-enamide (A.1.34), (Z,2E) -5- [1- (4-chlorophenyl) pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N, 3-dimethylpent-3-enamide (a.1.35), pyriminostrobin (a.1.36), difluprednate (bifujunzhi) (a.1.37), methyl 2- (o- ((2, 5-dimethylphenyloxymethylene) phenyl) -3-methoxyacrylate (a.1.38);

-Q_isite complex III inhibitors: cyazofamid (A.2.1), amisulbrom (A.2.2), 2-methylpropanoic acid [ (6S,7R,8R) -8-benzyl-3- [ (3-hydroxy-4-methoxypyridine-2-carbonyl) amino group]-6-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-1, 5-dioxononan-7-yl]Esters (A.2.3), fenpicoamid (A.2.4);

-complex II inhibitors: benoxanil (A.3.1), benzovindiflupyr (benzovindiflupyr) (A.3.2), bixafen (bixafen) (A.3.3), boscalid (boscalid) (A.3.4), carboxin (A.3.5), furamex (fenfuram) (A.3.6), fluopyram (fluopyram) (A.3.7), flutolanil (A.3.8), fluxapyroxamid (A.3.9), furamex (furametpyr) (A.3.10), isofenamide (A.3.11), isopyrazam (isopyrazam) (A.3.12), propoxyphil (meprofil) (A.3.13), oxanil (fenpyraclostrobin (A.3.1), fenpyraclostrobin (A.3.19), fenpyraflufen (A.3.20), fenpyraflufen (A.3.19), fenpyraflufen (3.19), fenpyraflufen (A.3.3.19), fenflurazole (3.3.19), fenpyraflufen (3.19), fenflurazole) (A.3.3.3.3.19), fenflurazole (fenfluroxypyr) (A.3.3.19), fenfluramine (fenfluroxypyr) (A.22), fenfluroxypyr) (2.3.19), pyraflufenapyr (fenfluramine (fenfluroxypyr), fenflurazole) (N (fenfluroxyphenbutamol), fenfluroxypyr) (P), pyraflufenapyr (fenfluroxypyr) (A.23.19), pyraflufenapyr (fenfluramine (fenfluroxyphenbutamol), pyraflufenapyr (fenfluramine (3.22.3.23.19), fenfluramine (fenfluramine) (a.19), fenflurfenfluramine (fenflurfenflurfenfluramine (fenflurfenfluramine ( -5-fluoro-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (A.3.29), (E) -2- [2- [ (5-cyano-2-methylphenoxy) methyl ] phenyl ] -3-methoxyprop-2-enoic acid methyl ester (A.3.30), isofluroxypram (A.3.31), 2-difluoromethyl-N- (1,1, 3-trimethyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.32), 2-difluoromethyl-N- [ (3R) -1,1, 3-trimethyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl ] pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.33), 2-difluoromethyl-N- (3-ethyl-1, 1-dimethyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.34), 2-difluoromethyl-N- [ (3R) -3-ethyl-1, 1-dimethyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl ] pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.35), 2-difluoromethyl-N- (1, 1-dimethyl-3-propyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.36), 2-difluoromethyl-N- [ (3R) -1, 1-dimethyl-3-propyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl ] pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.37), 2-difluoromethyl-N- (3-isobutyl-1, 1-dimethyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide (a.3.38), 2-difluoromethyl-N- [ (3R) -3-isobutyl-1, 1-dimethyl-2, 3-indan-4-yl ] pyridine-3-carboxamide (a.3.39);

-other respiratory inhibitors: difluoroforest (diflumetorim) (a.4.1); nitrophenyl derivatives: binacryl (a.4.2), dinotefuran (a.4.3), dinocap (dinocap) (a.4.4), dinocap (a.4.4), fluazinam (a.4.5), meptyldinocap (a.4.6), pyrizonone (a.4.7); an organometallic compound: triphenyltin-based salts, such as fentin-acetate (A.4.8), fentin chloride (A.4.9) or fentin hydroxide (A.4.10); ametoctradin (a.4.11); silthiopham (silthiofam) (a.4.12);

B) sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (SBI fungicides)

-C14 demethylase inhibitor: triazoles: azaconazole (B.1.1), bitertanol (B.1.2), bromuconazole (B.1.3), cyproconazole (B.1.4),

Ether oxazole (difenoconazole) (b.1.5), diniconazole (diniconazole) (b.1.6), diniconazole M (diniconazole-M) (b.1.7), epoxiconazole (epoxyconazole) (b.1.8), fenbuconazole (fenbuconazole) (b.1.9), fluquinconazole (fluquinconazole) (b.1.10), flusilazole (flusilazole) (b.1.11), flutriafol (flutriafol) (b.1.12), hexaconazole (hexaconazole) (b.1.13), imibenconazole (imadazole) (b.1.14), ipconazole (ipconazole) (b.1.15), metconazole (metconazole) (b.1.17), myclobutanil) (b.1.20), propiconazole (fenconazole) (b.1.1.20), propiconazole (tetraconazole) (b.1.20), propiconazole (tetraconazole) (b.1.1.20), propiconazole (tetraconazole) (b.1.1.23), propiconazole (tetraconazole) (b.1.1.1.20), 4-difluorophenyl) -1, 1-difluoro-3- (tetrazol-1-yl) -1- [5- [4- (2,2, 2-trifluoroethoxy) phenyl]-2-pyridyl]Propan-2-ol (B.1.31), 2- (2, 4-difluorophenyl) -1, 1-difluoro-3- (tetrazol-1-yl) -1- [5- [4- (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl]-2-pyridyl]Propan-2-ol (B.1.32), 4- [ [6- [2- (2, 4-difluorophenyl) -1, 1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3- (5-thio-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl) propyl ] methyl]-3-pyridyl]Oxy radical]Benzonitrile (b.1.33), ipfentrifluconazole (b.1.37), meperfluoromethyl azole (b.1.38), 2- (chloromethyl) -2-methyl-5- (p-tolylmethyl) -1- (1,2, 4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) cyclopentanol (b.1.43); imidazoles: imazalil (B.1.44), pefurazoate (B.1.45), prochloraz (B.1.46), triflumizole (B.1.47); pyrimidines, pyridines, piperazines: isopyrimidinol (fenarimol) (B.1.49), pyribenzoxime (pyrifenox) (B.1.50), triforine (triforine) (B.1.51), [3- (4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl) -5- (2, 4-difluorophenyl) isofluridiene

Azol-4-yl]- (3-pyridyl) methanol (b.1.52);

- Δ 14-reductase inhibitors: 4-dodecyl-2, 6-dimethylmorpholine (aldimorph) (B.2.1), dodemorph (B.2.2), dodemorph acetate (dodemor)ph-acetate) (b.2.3), fenpropimorph (fenpropimorph) (b.2.4), tridemorph (b.2.5), fenpropidin (fenpropidin) (b.2.6), piperin (b.2.7), spironolamine (b.2.7)

Metallocenes (spiroxamine) (b.2.8);

-3-ketoreductase inhibitors: fenhexamid (b.3.1);

-other sterol biosynthesis inhibitors: chlorobenzeneoxime (b.4.1);

C) nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors

-phenylamide or acylamino acid fungicides: benalaxyl (benalaxyl) (C.1.1), benalaxyl-M (benalaxyl-M) (C.1.2), kiralaxyl (C.1.3), metalaxyl (C.1.4), metalaxyl-M (C.1.5), furoylamide (ofurace) (C.1.6),

Oxadixyl (oxadixyl) (c.1.7);

-other inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis: hymexazole (C.2.1), isothiazolone (C.2.2), oxolinic acid (C.2.3), bupirimate (C.2.4), 5-fluorocytosine (C.2.5), 5-fluoro-2- (p-tolylmethoxy) pyrimidin-4-amine (C.2.6), 5-fluoro-2- (4-fluorophenylmethoxy) pyrimidin-4-amine (C.2.7), 5-fluoro-2- (4-chlorophenylmethoxy) pyrimidin-4-amine (C.2.8);

D) cell division and cytoskeleton inhibitors

-tubulin inhibitors: benomyl (d.1.1), carbendazim (carbendazim) (d.1.2), fuberidazole (D1.3), thiabendazole (d.1.4), thiophanate-methyl (d.1.5), pyridichloromethyl (d.1.6), N-ethyl-2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl) oxy ] butanamide (d.1.8), N-ethyl-2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl) oxy ] butanamide (d.1.9), 2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl) oxy ] -2-methylthioacetamide (d.1.10), 2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl) oxy ] -N- (2-fluoroethyl) butanamide (d.1.10), 2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl) oxy ] -N- (2-fluoroethyl) ethyl) oxy ] -N- (2-fluoroethyl) butanamide (d.1.2-fluoroethyl) 2-methoxyacetamide (D.1.11), 2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolinyl) oxy ] -N-propylbutanamide (D.1.12), 2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolinyl) oxy ] -2-methoxy-N-propylacetamide (D.1.13), 2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolinyl) oxy ] -2-methylsulfanyl-N-propylacetamide (D.1.14), 2- [ (3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolinyl) oxy ] -N- (2-fluoroethyl) -2-methylsulfanyl acetamide (D.1.15), 4- (2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl) -2, 5-dimethylpyrazol-3-amine (d.1.16);

-other inhibitors of cell division: diethofencarb (diethofencarb) (d.2.1), ethaboxam (ethaboxam) (d.2.2), pencycuron (d.2.3), fluopicolide (fluopicolide) (d.2.4), zoxamide (zoxamide) (d.2.5), metrafenone (d.2.6), pyriofenone (d.2.7), phenamacril (d.2.8);

E) amino acid and protein synthesis inhibitors

-inhibitors of methionine synthesis: cyprodinil (e.1.1), mepanipyrim (e.1.2), pyrimethanil (e.1.3);

-inhibitors of protein synthesis: blasticidin (bleomycin-S) (E.2.1), kasugamycin (kasugamycin) (E.2.2), kasugamycin hydrate (kasugamycin hydrochloride-hydrate) (E.2.3), milomycin (mildimycin) (E.2.4), streptomycin (streptamycin) (E.2.5), oxytetracycline (oxytetracycline) (E.2.6);

F) signal transduction inhibitors

-MAP/histidine kinase inhibitors: fluorofenamid (F.1.1), iprodione (F.1.2), procymidone (F.1.3), vinclozolin (F.1.4), fluorine

Bacteria (fluoxonil) (f.1.5);

-inhibitors of protein G: quinoxyfen (f.2.1);

G) lipid and membrane synthesis inhibitors

-inhibitors of phospholipid biosynthesis: kewensan (edifenphos) (G.1.1), iprobenfos (iprobenfos) (G.1.2), pyrazophos (pyrazophos) (G.1.3), isoprothiolane (isoprothiolane) (G.1.4);

-lipid peroxidation: niclosamide (dicloran) (g.2.1), quintozene (quintozene) (g.2.2), tetrachloronitrobenzene (tecnazene) (g.2.3), tolclofos-methyl (g.2.4), biphenyl (g.2.5), chloroneb (g.2.6), diclozoline (etridiazole) (g.2.7), zinc thiazole (g.2.8);

phospholipid biosynthesis and cell wall deposition: dimethomorph (g.3.1), flumorph (g.3.2), mandipropamid (g.3.3), pyrimorph (pyrimorph) (g.3.4), benthiavalicarb (g.3.5), iprovalicarb (g.3.6), valifenalate (g.3.7);

compounds and fatty acids that affect the permeability of cell membranes: baiweiling (propamocarb) (g.4.1);

-inhibitors of oxysterol binding protein: oxathiapirolin (G.5.1), fluxaprirolin (G.5.3), 4- [1- [2- [ 3-difluoromethyl-5-methylpyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.4), 4- [1- [2- [3, 5-bis (difluoromethyl) pyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.5), 4- [1- [2- [ 3-difluoromethyl-5-trifluoromethylpyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.6), 4- [1- [2- [ 5-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) pyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.7), 4- [1- [2- [ 5-methyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.8), 4- [1- [2- [ 5-difluoromethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.9), 4- [1- [2- [3, 5-bis-trifluoromethylpyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (g.5.10), (4- [1- [2- [ 5-cyclopropyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-1-yl ] acetyl ] -4-piperidinyl ] -N-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylpyridine-2-carboxamide (g.5.11);

H) inhibitors with multi-site action

-inorganic active substances: bordeaux mixture (h.1.1), copper (h.1.2), copper acetate (h.1.3), copper hydroxide (h.1.4), copper oxychloride (h.1.5), basic copper sulfate (h.1.6), sulfur (h.1.7);

thio-and dithiocarbamates: ferbam (h.2.1), mancozeb (h.2.2), maneb (h.2.3), metam (metam) (h.2.4), metiram (h.2.5), propineb (propineb) (h.2.6), thiram (thiram) (h.2.7), zineb (h.2.8), ziram (h.2.9);

-organic chlorine compounds: dichlofluanid (anilazine) (H.3.1), chlorothalonil (H.3.2), captafol (captafol) (H.3.3), captan (captan) (H.3.4), folpet (H.3.5), dichlofluanid (H.3.6), dichlorphenol (dichlorophen) (H.3.7), hexachlorobenzene (H.3.8), pentachlorophenol (pentachlorophenol) (H.3.9) and its salt, tetrachlorophthalide (phthalide) (H.3.10), tolylfluanid (H.3.11);

guanidines and others: guanidine (H.4.1), dodine (H.4.2), dodine free base (H.4.3), guazatine salt (guazatine) (H.4.4), guazatine-acetate (H.4.5), iminoctadine acetate (H.4.6), iminoctadine triacetate (H.4.7), iminoctadine-tris (Albasilate) (H.4.8), dithianon (dithianon) (H.4.9), 2, 6-dimethyl-1H, 5H- [1,4] dithiino [2,3-c:5,6-c' ] bipyrrole-1, 3,5,7(2H,6H) -tetraone (H.4.10);

I) cell wall synthesis inhibitors

-inhibitors of glucan synthesis: validamycin (i.1.1), polyoxin (polyoxin B) (i.1.2);

-inhibitors of melanin synthesis: pyroquilon (pyroquilon) (i.2.1), tricyclazole (i.2.2), chlorocyclopropylamide (carpropamid) (i.2.3), dicyclomethanil (i.2.4), fenhexanil (i.2.5);

J) plant defense inducer

acibenzolar-S-methyl (j.1.1), probenazole (j.1.2), isotianil (isotianil) (j.1.3), tiadinil (tiadinil) (j.1.4), prohexadione-calcium (j.1.5); phosphonic acid esters: phycoerythrin (fosetyl) (J.1.6), fosetyl-aluminum (fosetyl-aluminum) (J.1.7), phosphorous acid and its salts (J.1.8), calcium phosphonate (J.1.11), potassium phosphonate (J.1.12), potassium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate (J.1.9), 4-cyclopropyl-N- (2, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) thiadiazole-5-carboxamide (J.1.10);

K) unknown mode of action

Bronopol (bronopol) (k.1.1), cyflufenamid (chipomethionat) (k.1.2), cyflufenamid (k.1.3), cymoxanil (cymoxanil) (k.1.4), dazomet (dazomet) (k.1.5), prochloraz (debacarb) (k.1.6), diclocyanide (diclomet) (k.1.7), diclomezine (k.1.8), difenoconazole (difenoquat) (k.1.9), difenoconazole methyl sulfate (difenoquat-methyl fumarate) (k.1.10), diphenylamine (k.1.11), fenitrothion (fenpyrazone) (k.1.12), fenpyrazamine (fenpyrazamine) (k.1.13), diphenyl thifluquine (1.1.1.19), fenpyrozine (1.1.20), propaquiline (1.1.1.1.12), propaquinol (fenpyrazamide) (k.1.1.13), thifluquinate (1.1.1.1.14), propaquiline (1.1.1.1.20), propaquiline (K), propaquiline (1.1.1.1.1.12), propaquiline (1.1.1.1), propaquiline (1.1.1.1.1.1), propaquiline (1.1.1.14), propaquiline (K), propaquiline (1.1.1.1.1.1.1), propaquiline (1.1.1.1), propaquiline (1.1.1.14), propaquiline (1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.14), propaquiline (1.1.1), propaquiline (1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1), propaquiline (, N ' - (4- (4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -2, 5-dimethylphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylmercamidine (K.1.27), N ' - (4- (4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -2, 5-dimethylphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylmercamidine (K.1.28), N ' - [4- [ [3- [ (4-chlorophenyl) methyl ] carboxamidine]-1,2, 4-thiadiazol-5-yl]Oxy radical]-2, 5-dimethylphenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylcarbamamidine (K.1.29), N '- (5-bromo-6- (2, 3-indan-2-yloxy) -2-methyl-3-pyridinyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylcarbamamidine (K.1.30), N' - [ 5-bromo-6- [1- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) ethoxy ] ethyl]-2-methyl-3-pyridinyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.31), N' - [ 5-bromo-6- (4-isopropylcyclohexyloxy) -2-methyl-3-pyridinyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylformamidine (K.1.32), N' - [ 5-bromo-2-methyl-6- (1-phenylethoxy) -3-pyridinyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylcarbamamidine (K.1.33), N '- (2-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-4- (3-trimethylsilylpropoxy) phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylcarbamamidine (K.1.34), N' - (5-difluoromethyl-2-methyl-4- (3-trimethylsilylpropoxy) phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylcarbamamidine (K.1.35), 2- (4-chlorophenyl) -N- [4- (3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) isovaleryl

Azol-5-yl]-2-prop-2-ynyloxyacetamide (K.1.36), 3- [5- (4-chlorophenyl) -2, 3-dimethylisoi-roacetamide

Oxazolidin-3-yl]Pyridine (pyrisoxazole) (K.1.37), 3- [5- (4-methylphenyl) -2, 3-dimethylisoi

Oxazolidin-3-yl]Pyridine (K.1.38), 5-chloro-1- (4, 6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) -2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole (K.1.39), (Z) -3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid ethyl ester (K.1.40), picarbtrazox (K.1.41), N- [6- [ [ (Z) - [ (1-methyltetrazol-5-yl) phenylmethylene]Amino group]Oxymethyl radical]-2-pyridyl]Pentyl carbamate (K.1.42), N- [6- [ [ (Z) - [ (1-methyltetrazol-5-yl) phenylmethylene]Amino group]Oxymethyl radical]-2-pyridyl]But-3-ynyl carbamate (K.1.43), ifluorofequin (K.1.44), quinofumelin (K.1.47), benziothiazolinone (K.1.48), bromothalonil (K.1.49), 2- (6-benzyl-2-pyridyl) quinazoline (K.1.50), 2- [6- (3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -5-methyl-2-pyridyl]Quinazoline (K.1.51), dichlobeniazox (K.1.52), N '- (2, 5-dimethyl-4-phenoxyphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methyl formamidine (K.1.53), pyrifenamine (K.1.54), fluopioside (K.1.55), N' - [ 5-bromo-2-methyl-6- (1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy) -3-pyridinyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (k.1.56).

Fungicides described by the general name, their preparation and their activity against harmful fungi, for example, are known (cf. http:// www.alanwood.net/pestides /); these materials are commercially available. Compounds described by IUPAC nomenclature, their preparation and their pesticidal activity are also known (see Can. J. plant Sci.48(6), 587-94, 1968; EP-A141317; EP-A152031; EP-A226917; EP-A243970; EP-A256503; EP-A428941; EP-A532022; EP-A1028125; EP-A1035122; EP-A1201648; EP-A1122244; JP 2002316902; DE 19650197; DE 10021412; DE 102005009458; US 3,296,272; US 3,325,503; WO 98/46608; WO 99/14187; WO 99/24413; WO 99/27783; WO 00/29404; WO 00/46148; WO 00/65913; WO 01/54501; WO 01/56358; WO 02/22583; WO 02/40431; WO 03/10149; WO 03/11853; WO 03/14103; WO 03/16286; WO 03/53145; WO 03 & gt 61388, respectively; WO 03/66609; WO 03/74491; WO 04/49804; WO 04/83193; WO 05/120234; WO 05/123689; WO 05/123690; WO 05/63721; WO 05/87772; WO 05/87773; WO 06/15866; WO 06/87325; WO 06/87343; WO 07/82098; WO 07/90624, WO 10/139271, WO 11/028657, WO 12/168188, WO 07/006670, WO 11/77514; WO 13/047749, WO 10/069882, WO 13/047441, WO 03/16303, WO 09/90181, WO 13/007767, WO 13/010862, WO 13/127704, WO 13/024009, WO 13/24010, WO 13/047441, WO 13/162072, WO 13/092224, WO 11/135833), CN 1907024, CN 1456054, CN 103387541, CN 1309897, WO 12/84812, CN 1907024, WO 09094442, WO 14/60177, WO 13/116251, WO 08/013622, WO 15/65922, WO 94/01546, EP 2865265, WO 07/129454, WO 12/165511, WO 11/081174, WO 13/47441, WO 16/156241, WO 16/162265). Some compounds are identified by their CAS accession number, which is hyphenated into three parts, a first part consisting of two to seven digits, a second part consisting of two digits, and a third part consisting of a single digit.

If the mixtures according to the invention are mixed with one or more fungicides, the mixtures are also suitable for controlling or combating plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi. Examples of phytopathogenic fungi in rice are:

alternaria on rice (Alternaria), Helminthosporium on rice (Bipolaris (e.g. Helminthosporium oryzae) and Helminthosporium on rice (Drechslera), Cercospora oryzae (Cercospora oryzae), Cochliospora gondii (Cochliobolus miyabenus), Curvularia lunata (Curvularia lunata), Scopularis oryzae (Sarocladium oryzae), Seattuatum senilis, Ustilago oryzae (Entyloma oryzae), Fusarium (Fusarium) such as Fusarium semitectum (Fusarium semitectum) (and/or Fusarium moniliforme (Fusarium moniliforme)

Gibberella fujikuroi (bakanae disease), Grainstaining complex (various pathogens) and/or Pythium (Pythium)

Helminthosporium (Helminthosporium), for example Helminthosporium oryzae (Helminthosporium oryzae), Microdochium oryzae (Microdochium oryzae), Pyricularia grisea (Pyricularia oryzae (Pyrococcus oryzae) which is a synonym), Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia), for example Rhizoctonia solani (Rhizoctonia solani) which is a synonym for rice sheath blight (Pellicularia sakii) in rice, Verticillium dahliae (Corticillum sakii) and Rhizoctonia viridis (Ustilaginoideae virens).

Formulation

The invention also relates to a method in which the compounds of the mixture according to the invention are provided or applied in an agrochemical composition comprising an adjuvant and the mixture according to the invention. The compounds may be present together in one formulation (for simultaneous use) or in two separate formulations (for mixing immediately prior to simultaneous application, or for separate application).

Agrochemical compositions comprise a pesticidally effective amount of a compound of the present invention or mixtures thereof. The term "pesticidally effective amount" is defined as follows.

The mixtures of the invention can be converted into the types commonly used for agrochemical compositions, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, dusts, powders, pastes, granules, mouldings, capsules and mixtures thereof. Examples of types of compositions are suspensions (e.g. SC, OD, FS), emulsifiable concentrates (e.g. EC), emulsions (e.g. EW, EO, ES, ME), capsules (e.g. CS, ZC), pastes, lozenges, wettable powders or dusts (e.g. WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), mouldings (e.g. BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g. WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG), insecticidal preparations (e.g. LN) and gel formulations for treating plant propagation material such as seeds (e.g. GF). These and other composition types are defined in the "catalog of pesticide formulations and International coding system", Technical Monograph, 2 nd, 5.2008, 6 th edition, cropLife International.

Compositions such as Mollet and Grube-mann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New definitions in crop protection product formation, agricultural Reports DS243, T & F information, London, 2005, in a known manner.

Examples of suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, antifreezes, antifoams, colorants, tackifiers and binders.

Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, such as mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, e.g. kerosene, diesel oil; oils of vegetable or animal origin; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, paraffins, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes; alcohols, such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones, such as cyclohexanone; esters, such as lactate, carbonate, fatty acid ester, γ -butyrolactone; a fatty acid; a phosphonate ester; amines; amides, such as N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamide; and mixtures thereof.

Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, for example silicates, silica gels, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium oxide; polysaccharide powders, such as cellulose, starch; fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas; products of vegetable origin, such as cereal flour, bark flour, wood flour, nut shell flour and mixtures thereof.

Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emulsifiers, dispersants, solubilizers, wetting agents, penetration enhancers, protective colloids or adjuvants. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, volume 1: emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008(International Ed. or North American Ed.).

Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts of sulfonic acids, sulfuric acids, phosphoric acids, carboxylic acids and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylarylsulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignosulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl-and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids and oils, sulfates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfates of alcohols, sulfates of ethoxylated alcohols or sulfates of fatty acid esters. An example of a phosphate is a phosphate ester. Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates and also carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-substituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates are compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated by 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide may be used for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide. Examples of N-substituted fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants are sorbitan, ethoxylated sorbitan, sucrose and glucose esters or alkyl polyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants are homopolymers or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl alcohol or vinyl acetate.

Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, such as quaternary ammonium compounds having 1 or 2 hydrophobic groups, or salts of long chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkyl betaines and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are block polymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene, or block polymers of the A-B-C type comprising blocks of alkanol, polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene. Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamine or polyvinylamine.

Suitable adjuvants are compounds which have negligible or even no pesticidal activity per se and which improve the biological properties of the mixtures according to the invention on the target. Examples are surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils and other auxiliaries. Other examples are listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and adducts, Agrow Reports DS256, T & F information UK, 2006, chapter 5.

Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), inorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates and silicates.

Suitable fungicides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives such as alkylisothiazolinone and benzisothiazolinone.

Suitable anti-freeze agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerol.

Suitable antifoams are polysiloxanes, long-chain alcohols and fatty acid salts.

Suitable colorants (e.g., red, blue or green colored) are pigments and water-soluble dyes of low water solubility. Examples are inorganic colorants (e.g., iron oxide, titanium oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate) and organic colorants (e.g., alizarin colorants, azo colorants and phthalocyanine colorants).

Suitable tackifiers or adhesives are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, biowaxes or synthetic waxes and cellulose ethers.

Examples of composition types and their preparation are:

i) water soluble concentrate (SL, LS)

10 to 60% by weight of a compound I or II or a mixture according to the invention and 5 to 15% by weight of a wetting agent (for example an alcohol alkoxylate) are dissolved in water and/or a water-soluble solvent (for example an alcohol) added to 100% by weight. The active substance dissolves upon dilution with water.

ii) Dispersion Concentrates (DC)

5 to 25% by weight of a compound I or II or a mixture according to the invention and 1 to 10% by weight of a dispersant, for example polyvinylpyrrolidone, are dissolved in an organic solvent, for example cyclohexanone, added to 100% by weight. Dilution with water gives a dispersion.

iii) Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC)

15 to 70% by weight of a compound I or II or a mixture according to the invention and 5 to 10% by weight of emulsifiers, for example calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate, are dissolved in a water-insoluble organic solvent, for example an aromatic hydrocarbon, added to 100% by weight. Diluting with water to obtain emulsion.

iv) emulsion (EW, EO, ES)

5 to 40% by weight of a compound I or II or a mixture according to the invention and 1 to 10% by weight of emulsifiers, for example calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate, are dissolved in 20 to 40% by weight of a water-insoluble organic solvent, for example an aromatic hydrocarbon. The mixture was introduced into water added to 100% by weight with the aid of an emulsifying machine and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Diluting with water to obtain emulsion.

v) suspensions (SC, OD, FS)

In a stirred ball mill, 20 to 60% by weight of a compound I or II according to the invention or a mixture thereof are comminuted with the addition of 2 to 10% by weight of dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulphonates and alcohol ethoxylates), 0.1 to 2% by weight of thickeners (e.g. xanthan gum) and water added to 100% by weight to give a finely divided active substance suspension. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance. Up to 40 wt% binder (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol) is added for FS type compositions.

vi) Water dispersible granules and Water soluble granules (WG, SG)

50 to 80% by weight of the compounds I or II according to the invention or mixtures are finely ground with the addition of dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulphonates and alcohol ethoxylates) added to 100% by weight and are converted into water-dispersible or water-soluble granules by means of industrial units (e.g. extruders, spray towers, fluidized beds). Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance.

vii) Water-dispersible powders and Water-soluble powders (WP, SP, WS)

50 to 80% by weight of a compound I or II according to the invention or a mixture thereof are ground in a rotor-stator mill with the addition of 1 to 5% by weight of a dispersant (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1 to 3% by weight of a wetting agent (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate) and, to 100% by weight of a solid carrier (e.g. silica gel). Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance.

viii) gels (GW, GF)

A fine suspension of the active substance is obtained by comminuting 5 to 25% by weight of a compound I or II or a mixture according to the invention in an agitated ball mill with the addition of 3 to 10% by weight of a dispersant (for example sodium lignosulfonate), 1 to 5% by weight of a thickener (for example carboxymethylcellulose) and water to 100% by weight. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance.

ix) Microemulsions (ME) or nanoemulsions

5 to 20% by weight of a compound I or II according to the invention or a mixture are added to 5 to 30% by weight of an organic solvent blend (for example fatty acid dimethylamide and cyclohexanone), 10 to 25% by weight of a surfactant blend (for example alcohol ethoxylate and arylphenol ethoxylate) and to 100% by weight of water. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour to spontaneously generate a thermodynamically stable microemulsion.

x) microcapsules (CS)

An oil phase comprising 5 to 50% by weight of a compound I or II or a mixture according to the invention, 0 to 40% by weight of a water-insoluble organic solvent (for example an aromatic hydrocarbon), 2 to 15% by weight of acrylic monomers (for example methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid and di-or triacrylates) is dispersed in an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (for example polyvinyl alcohol). Radical polymerization initiated by the radical initiator results in the formation of poly (meth) acrylate microcapsules. Or dispersing an oil phase comprising from 5 to 50% by weight of a compound I or II or a mixture according to the invention, from 0 to 40% by weight of a water-insoluble organic solvent (for example an aromatic hydrocarbon) and an isocyanate monomer (for example diphenylmethane-4, 4' -diisocyanate) in an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (for example polyvinyl alcohol). The addition of a polyamine (e.g., hexamethylenediamine) results in the formation of polyurea microcapsules. The amount of monomer is 1-10% by weight. The weight% relates to the entire CS composition.

xi) dustable powder (DP, DS)

1 to 10% by weight of the compounds I or II according to the invention or mixtures are finely ground and intimately mixed with solid carriers, for example finely divided kaolin, added to 100% by weight.

xii) granule (GR, FG)

From 0.5 to 30% by weight of a compound I or II according to the invention or a mixture thereof are finely ground and combined with a solid carrier (e.g. a silicate) which is added to 100% by weight. Granulation is achieved by extrusion, spray drying or fluidized bed. xiii) ultra low volume liquids (UL)

From 1 to 50% by weight of a compound I or II according to the invention or a mixture are dissolved in an organic solvent (for example an aromatic hydrocarbon) added to 100% by weight.

Composition types i) -xiii) may optionally comprise further auxiliaries, such as 0.1 to 1% by weight of a fungicide, 5 to 15% by weight of an antifreeze agent, 0.1 to 1% by weight of an antifoam agent and 0.1 to 1% by weight of a colorant.

The agrochemical compositions generally comprise from 0.01 to 95% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 90% by weight, most preferably from 0.5 to 75% by weight, of active substance. The active substance is used in a purity of 90 to 100%, preferably 95 to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).

The active substances or compositions comprising them can be added as a premix or, if appropriate, immediately before use (tank mix) to various types of oils, wetting agents, adjuvants, fertilizers or micronutrients and other pesticides (e.g. herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, growth regulators, safeners). These agents may be mixed with the composition of the present invention in a weight ratio of 1:100-100:1, preferably 1:10-10: 1.

In one embodiment, Suspension Concentrates (SC) are preferred for application in crop protection. In a sub-embodiment thereof, the SC agricultural chemical composition comprises 50 to 500g/L (g/L) or 100-250g/L, or 100g/L or 150g/L or 200g/L or 250 g/L.

In another embodiment, granules according to formulation type xii are used according to the invention for application in rice.

In another embodiment, the dispersible concentrate DC according to formulation type ii is used according to the invention for application in rice.

In another embodiment, emulsifiable concentrates EC according to formulation type iii are used according to the invention for application in rice. Me).

In another embodiment, the microemulsion ME according to formulation type ix is used according to the invention for administration in rice.

In another embodiment, the nanoemulsion is used according to the invention for application in rice.

The user typically applies the composition of the present invention to a front-dose device, a backpack sprayer, a spray can, a spray airplane, or an irrigation system. The agrochemical composition is generally formulated with water, buffers and/or other auxiliaries to the desired application concentration, so that a ready-to-use spray liquor or an agrochemical composition according to the invention is obtained. The ready-to-use spray liquors are generally applied in an amount of from 20 to 2000 liters, preferably from 50 to 400 liters, per hectare of the agricultural area.

According to one embodiment, the user can mix the components of the composition of the invention in the spray can himself, for example the parts of a kit or the parts of a binary or ternary mixture and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries.

In another embodiment, the user may mix the components of the composition of the invention or partially premixed components in a spray tank, for example comprising the compounds or mixtures of the invention as defined above and/or further mixing partners, and if appropriate may add further auxiliaries and additives.

In another embodiment, the components of the composition of the invention or partially premixed components, e.g. components comprising a compound or mixture of the invention as defined above and/or additional mixing partners, may be applied in combination (e.g. after tank mixing) or sequentially.

Application method

The present invention also relates to methods in which the mixtures according to the invention are suitable for protecting crops and their plant propagation material, for example seeds, especially rice, rice plants, rice plant propagation material such as seeds, or the soil or water in which the plants or rice plants are grown, from attack or infestation by pests or rice pests, especially rice invertebrate pests. The present invention therefore also relates to a method for plant protection which comprises contacting crops or plant propagation material, rice plants, rice plant propagation material such as seeds or the soil or water in which the plants are grown, to be protected from attack or infestation by rice pests, in particular by rice invertebrate pests, with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the invention.

The present invention also relates to a method for combating or controlling pests, especially rice invertebrate pests, which comprises contacting the pests, especially rice invertebrate pests, their habitat, breeding ground or food supply or crop plants and their plant propagation material, e.g. seeds, especially rice, rice plants, rice plant propagation material, such as seeds, or soil or water, or the area, material or environment in which the pests or rice pests, especially rice invertebrate pests, are growing or may grow, with a pesticidally effective amount of a compound of the invention.

The mixture of the invention is effective both by contact and uptake. In addition, the mixture of the present invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages, such as eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults.

The mixtures of the invention can be applied directly or in the form of compositions comprising them as defined above. Furthermore, the mixture of the invention may be administered together with further mixing partners as defined above or in the form of a composition comprising said mixture as defined above. The individual components of the mixture can be applied simultaneously, i.e. jointly or separately, or in succession, i.e. one is applied immediately after the other and the mixture is thus produced "in situ" on the desired location, for example on the plant, the sequence in the case of separate applications generally having no effect on the outcome of the control measure.

Application can take place before and after infestation of the crop plants and their plant propagation material, for example seeds, in particular rice, rice plants, rice plant propagation material, such as seeds, soil or areas, materials or the environment, by pests.

Suitable application methods include, inter alia, soil treatment, seed treatment, furrow application, water intake application and foliar application. Soil treatment methods include infiltration of soil, maceration of roots or soil irrigation. The seed treatment techniques include seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, and seed pelleting. Furrow application typically includes digging a furrow in the field, sowing the furrow, applying the pesticidally active compound to the furrow and closing the furrowThe step (2). Foliar application involves applying the pesticidally active compound to the foliage of the plant, for example by means of a spraying device. For foliar application, it may be advantageous to modify the behavior of the pests by using pheromones in combination with the mixtures of the invention. Pheromones suitable for particular crops and pests are known to the skilled worker and consist of a database of pheromones and semiochemicals, e.g.http://www.pherobase.comAre publicly available.

In the context of rice cultivation and rice crops, the following types of application are of particular relevance:

"granular application" refers to the direct manual or mechanical spreading or throwing of pesticide granules or a mixture of pesticide/fungicide and nematicide onto the soil surface or onto still water in a field or nursery box. The granule formulation may be mixed with a filler, carrier or fertiliser to allow even distribution in the field.

"Floating package application" refers to the application of an insecticide or a mixture of insecticide/fungicide and nematicide in a water-soluble pouch/package by throwing into standing water in a paddy field.

"seedling box application" refers to the manual or mechanical introduction of an insecticide formulation (e.g., granules, liquid) into a nursery box or seedling box containing rice seedlings prior to transplanting into a field.

"seed treatment" refers to soaking/mixing rice seeds in a solution of an insecticide or insecticide/nematicide/fungicide mixture. The application is carried out before sowing, before or after germination of the seeds.

"foliar application" refers to the application of an insecticide or an insecticide/fungicide/nematicide/selective herbicide in water or oil as a spray application using various application equipment (e.g., knapsack sprayer, power sprayer, nozzle sprayer, etc.).

"soil application" relates to the application of an insecticide or a mixture of insecticide/fungicide/nematicide/selective herbicide to soil as a drench application, a water intake application or a granule application.

"aerial application" refers to the use of an airplane, helicopter or drone to apply a granular or liquid application of a pesticide or mixture of pesticide/fungicide/nematicide/selective herbicide to a field.

"dusting" refers to the direct application of an insecticide or a mixture of insecticide/fungicide/nematicide/selective herbicide as a dusting formulation into a field using a special applicator (e.g., a powered duster).

"Water-inlet application" is the application of a liquid formulation of a mixture of insecticide or insecticide/fungicide/nematicide/selective herbicide at a site where irrigation water is discharged into a paddy field.

"around-the-clock application" is the type of application in which a liquid or granular formulation of the insecticide or mixture of insecticide/fungicide/nematicide/selective herbicide is applied in clockwise or counterclockwise direction to standing water at the inner boundary of a paddy field.

Preferred applications are granule applications, seedling box applications and foliar applications.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method wherein the pesticide is applied by granular application.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method wherein the pesticide is applied by a nursery box application.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method wherein the pesticide is applied by foliar application.

The term "contacting" as used herein includes both direct contact (application of the compound/composition directly to the animal pest or plant-typically the foliage, stem or roots of the plant) and indirect contact (application of the compound/composition to the locus of the animal pest or plant, i.e., the habitat, breeding ground, plant, seed, soil, area, material or environment in which the pest is growing or may grow).

In the context of the present invention, the term "animal pests" includes arthropods, gastropods and nematodes, which are pests, in particular rice invertebrate pests, in particular rice insect pests as described above. The arthropods are preferably insects and arachnids, especially insects. Insects of particular interest are commonly referred to as crop pests or rice insect pests.

The term "crop" relates to growing and harvested rice.

In the context of the present invention, the term "plant" preferably refers to a rice plant (rice genus, preferably oryza sativa). Two varieties of rice are most commonly cultivated: oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima. Many subspecies of Oryza sativa are commercially important, including indica (Oryza sativa subsp. indica), japonica (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica), tropical japonica (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica), glutinous rice (glutinous rice), scented rice (Oryza sativa aromatic group) (e.g., Basmati), and Oryza sativa (float rice). The term "plant" is to be understood as including wild type plants as well as plants which have been modified by conventional breeding or mutagenesis or genetic engineering or by a combination thereof.

Plants that have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering and are of particular commercial importance include rice. In plants that have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering, one or more genes are mutagenized or integrated into the genetic material of the plant. The one or more mutagenized or integrated genes are preferably selected from pat, epsps, cry1Ab, bar, cry1Fa2, cry1Ac, cry34Ab1, cry35AB1, cry3A, cryF, cry1F, mcry3a, cry2Ab2, cry3Bb1, cry1A.105, dfr, barnase, vip3Aa20, barstar, als, bxn, bp40, asn1 and ppo 5. Mutagenesis or integration of one or more genes is performed to improve certain properties of the plant. Such properties, also known as traits, include abiotic stress tolerance, altered growth/yield, disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, modified product quality and pollination control. Of these properties, herbicide tolerance, such as imidazolinone tolerance, glyphosate tolerance or glufosinate tolerance, is of particular importance.

It has surprisingly been found that the pesticidal activity of the mixtures of the invention can be increased by modifying the insecticidal traits of plants. Furthermore, it has been found that the mixtures of the invention are suitable for preventing insects from becoming tolerant to this insecticidal trait or for controlling pests which have become tolerant to the insecticidal trait of the modified plant. Furthermore, the mixtures of the invention are suitable for controlling pests against which the insecticidal trait is not effective, so that complementary insecticidal activities can be advantageously used.

The term "plant propagation material" refers to all propagating parts of a plant such as seeds, germinated seeds, seedlings and regenerants. Seedlings and young plants transplanted after germination or after emergence from soil may also be included. These plant propagation materials can be treated prophylactically with plant protection compounds at the time of or before planting or transplanting.

The term "seed" includes all kinds of seeds and plant propagules, including but not limited to true seeds, seed sections (seed pieces), shoots, bulbs, fruits, grains, cuttings (cuts), and the like, and in preferred embodiments refers to true seeds.

Generally, a "pesticidally effective amount" refers to the amount of active ingredient required to obtain an observable effect on growth, including necrotic, dead, retarded, prophylactic and removal effects, destructive effects, or effects that reduce the appearance and activity of the target organism. The pesticidally effective amount may vary for the various compounds/compositions used in the present invention. The pesticidally effective amount of the composition will also vary depending on the prevailing conditions such as the desired pesticidal effect and duration, climate, target species, locus, mode of application and the like.

In the case of soil treatment, in-furrow application or application to a pest residence or nest, the active ingredient amount is from 0.0001 to 500g/100m²Preferably 0.001-20g/100m²。

For use in treating rice, for example by foliar application, the application rate of the active ingredient of the invention may be in the range 0.0001 to 4000 g/ha, for example 1 to 2 kg/ha or 1 to 750 g/ha, ideally 1 to 100 g/ha, more ideally 10 to 50 g/ha, for example 10 to 20 g/ha, 20 to 30 g/ha, 30 to 40 g/ha or 40 to 50 g/ha.

The mixtures of the invention are particularly suitable for treating seeds to protect the seeds from pests, especially from soil-borne pests, and to protect the roots and shoots of the resultant seedlings from soil pests and foliar insects. The invention therefore also relates to a method for protecting seeds from insects, in particular soil insects, and for protecting the roots and shoots of seedlings from insects, in particular soil and foliar insects, which comprises treating the seeds with a compound according to the invention before sowing and/or after pregermination. The roots and shoots of the seedlings are preferably protected. More preferably, the shoots of the seedlings are protected from piercing and sucking mouthparts insects, chewing mouthparts pests and nematodes.

The term "seed treatment" includes all suitable seed treatment techniques known in the art, such as seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, seed pelleting, and in-furrow application methods. Preferably, the seed treatment application of the active compounds is carried out by spraying or dusting the seeds before the sowing of the plants and before the emergence of the plants.

The invention also includes seeds coated with or containing the active compounds. The term "coated with and/or containing" generally means that the active ingredient is predominantly on the surface of the propagation product at the time of application, but that a greater or lesser portion of the ingredient may penetrate into the propagation product, depending on the method of application. When the propagation product is (re) planted, it may absorb the active ingredient.

In the context of the present invention, the seed is a rice seed. The active compounds according to the invention can also be used for the treatment of seeds of plants which have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering and are, for example, resistant to the action of herbicides or fungicides or insecticides. Such modified plants have been described in detail above.

Conventional seed treatment formulations include, for example, flowable concentrates FS, solutions LS, Suspoemulsions (SE), powders for dry treatment DS, water-dispersible powders for slurry treatment WS, water-soluble powders SS, emulsions ES and EC, and gel formulations GF. These formulations can be applied to the seed with or without dilution. The application to the seed is carried out before sowing, directly on the seed or after the seed has pregerminated. The formulation is preferably applied so as not to induce germination.

The active substance concentration in the ready-to-use formulation which can be obtained after 2-to 10-fold dilution is preferably from 0.01 to 60% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 40% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the FS formulation is used for seed treatment. FS formulations may generally comprise from 1 to 800g/l of active ingredient, from 1 to 200g/l of surfactant, from 0 to 200g/l of antifreeze, from 0 to 400g/l of binder, from 0 to 200g/l of pigment and up to 1 liter of solvent, preferably water.

Particularly preferred FS formulations of the inventive mixtures for seed treatment generally comprise 0.1 to 80% by weight (1 to 800g/l) of active ingredient, 0.1 to 20% by weight (1 to 200g/l) of at least one surfactant, for example 0.05 to 5% by weight of wetting agent and 0.5 to 15% by weight of dispersing agent, up to 20% by weight, for example 5 to 20% by weight of antifreeze agent, 0 to 15% by weight, for example 1 to 15% by weight of pigments and/or dyes, 0 to 40% by weight, for example 1 to 40% by weight of binder (binder/adhesive), optionally up to 5% by weight, for example 0.1 to 5% by weight of thickener, optionally 0.1 to 2% of antifoam agent and optionally preservatives such as biocides, antioxidants and the like, for example in amounts of 0.01 to 1% by weight, and up to 100 wt% filler/carrier.

In seed treatment, the application rate of the compounds of the invention is generally from 0.01g to 10kg per 100kg of seeds, preferably from 1g to 5kg per 100kg of seeds, more preferably from 1g to 1000g per 100kg of seeds, in particular from 1g to 200g per 100kg of seeds, for example from 1g to 100g or from 5 g to 100g per 100kg of seeds.

Accordingly, the present invention also relates to seeds comprising a compound of the invention as defined herein or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof. The amount of the compounds according to the invention or their agriculturally suitable salts is generally from 0.1g to 10kg per 100kg of seed, preferably from 1g to 5kg per 100kg of seed, in particular from 1g to 1000g per 100kg of seed.

In the present invention, the mixtures of the invention can also be used for improving plant health. The present invention therefore also relates to a method for improving the health of rice plants, rice plant propagation material and/or the locus where rice plants are growing or are to grow, by treating the rice plants, the rice plant propagation material and/or the locus with an effective and non-phytotoxic amount of a compound according to the invention.

As used herein, an "effective and non-phytotoxic amount" refers to an amount of a compound that allows for the desired effect without causing any symptoms of phytotoxicity to the treated plant or to plants grown from the treated propagules or the treated soil.

The terms "plant" and "plant propagation material" are as defined above.

"plant health" is defined as the condition of a plant and/or its products determined by several aspects, alone or in combination with each other, such as yield (e.g. increased biomass and/or increased content of valuable ingredients), quality (e.g. improved content or composition or shelf life of certain ingredients), plant vigor (e.g. improved plant growth and/or greener leaves ("greening effect"), tolerance to abiotic (e.g. drought) and/or biotic stress (e.g. diseases) and production efficiency (e.g. harvest efficiency, processability).

The above indications of plant health may be interdependent or may influence each other. The indications are defined in the art and can be determined by methods known to the skilled person.

Examples

The compounds benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl are described in the handbook of pesticides and are either commercially available or their synthesis is known.

Biological assay

Synergy can be described as an interaction where the combined effect of two or more compounds is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each compound (zero interaction). To quantify the degree of drug synergy, several models have been proposed, such as those based on the highest single agent model (HAS, or gaddem additivity) (Berenbaum, 1989), the Loewe additivity model (Loewe, 1953), and the Bliss independence model (Bliss, 1939).

In the present case, the two mixed pairs are interactively non-exclusively active, i.e. the Bliss-independent model appears to be most suitable for describing the zero-interaction effect (Greco et al, 1992), where yBLISS is the expected effect based on the single effect of each of compounds y1 and y2 (1).

yBLISS＝y1+y2-y1y2 1

A reference model is used which is particularly useful for analyzing matrix data from plate-based high-throughput experiments (Yadav et al, 2015). This model, named Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP), overcomes many of the limitations of the existing models and is based on independent dose-response curves for each of the two mixed pairings. By combining the advantages of the Loewe and Bliss models, the ZIP model assumes that two non-interacting drugs are expected to cause minimal changes in their dose-response curves. In the ZIP model (Yadav et al, 2015, formula 16), the zero interaction case (yZIP) is defined as following formula (2), where X1 and X2 are doses of compounds 1 and 2, m1 and m2 are doses that produce a midpoint effect, also referred to as the relative EC50 or IC50 of compounds 1 and 2, and λ 1 and λ 2(λ > 0) are shape parameters that represent the sigmoidal characteristic or slope of the curve of compounds 1 and 2.

The average delta score for each dose combination in the matrix was calculated from the expected and observed values for ZIP (delta). This allows a surface map of the delta score to visualize the interaction profile of drug combinations with the aim of identifying synergistic and antagonistic dose regions for further dose optimization in a validation screen. The delta score has units of percent inhibition and is directly comparable within and between drug combinations. Finally, the average of all dose combination delta scores in the matrix can be calculated. The average score in percent is referred to as a "ZIP synergy score" for the ZIP model or a "Bliss synergy score" for the Bliss model.

An R-script called "Syngergyfinder" based on the above model is published by He, L, etc. (2018). It can also be downloaded from bioconductor.

http://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/ synergyfinder.html。

The following tests demonstrate the efficacy of the compounds, mixtures or compositions of the present invention in controlling a particular pest. However, the pest control protection provided by the compounds, mixtures or compositions is not limited to these species. In certain instances, it has been found that the combination of the compounds of the present invention with other invertebrate pest control compounds or agents has a synergistic effect on certain important invertebrate pests.

The mixtures tested contained two components, benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl, which belong to two different modes of action (IRAC classification)

Test 1: tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens)

For assessing control of Heliothis virescens (Heliothis virescens), the test apparatus consisted of 96-well microtiter plates containing insect diet and 15-25 Heliothis virescens (h.virescens) eggs.

The compound or mixture was formulated with a solution containing 75% water and 25% DMSO. Different concentrations of the formulated compound or mixture were sprayed onto insect food at 10 μ l using a custom micro-atomizer.

For the experimental mixtures in these experiments, the same volumes of the two mixing partners were mixed together in the desired concentrations, respectively. The mixture application was repeated 4 times in 4 separate microtiter plates.

After application, microtiter plates were inoculated for 5 days at 28. + -. 1 ℃ and 80. + -. 5% RH. Egg and larval mortality was then assessed visually and given a score (0, 50 or 100% control effect).

Table 1.1 mortality observed in heliothis virescens (h.virescens) (%) after administration of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and Benzpyrimoxan at different rates

Table 1.2.a mortality (%) expected in heliothis virescens (h.virescens) after administration of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and Benzpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the Bliss model

Table 1.2.b synergy score (%) in heliothis virescens (h.virescens) from mortality after administration of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and bezpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the Bliss model

Table 1.3.a mortality (%) expected in heliothis virescens (h.virescens) after administration of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and Benzpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the ZIP model

Table 1.3.b synergy score (%) in heliothis virescens (h.virescens) from mortality after administration of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and Benzpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the ZIP model

Test 2: greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)

For the assessment of control of greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), the test apparatus consisted of 96-well microtiter plates containing leaves of eggplant leaves with whitefly eggs.

Compounds or mixtures were formulated using a solution containing 75% water and 25% DMSO. Different concentrations of the formulated compound or mixture were sprayed onto insect food at 2.5 μ l using a custom-made micro-atomizer. For the experimental mixtures in these experiments, the same volumes of the two mixing partners were mixed together in the desired concentrations, respectively. The mixture application was repeated 4 times in 4 separate microtiter plates.

For the experimental mixtures in these experiments, the same volumes of the two mixing partners were mixed together in the desired concentrations, respectively.

After application, microtiter plates were inoculated for 6 days at 23. + -. 1 ℃ and 65. + -. 5% RH. Hatched crawler mortality was then assessed visually and given a score (0, 50 or 100% control effect).

Table 2.1 mortality observed in whitefly (t. vaporariorum) after application of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and bezpyrimoxan at different rates (%)

Table 2.2.a mortality (%) expected in whitefly (t. vaporariorum) after administration of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and bezpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the Bliss model

Table 2.2.b synergy score (%) in whitefly (t. vaporariorum) from mortality after application of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and bezpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the Bliss model

Table 2.3.a mortality (%) expected in whitefly (t. vaporariorum) after administration of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and bezpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the ZIP model

Table 2.3.b synergy score (%) in whitefly (t. vaporariorum) from mortality after application of a mixture of Oxazosulfyl and bezpyrimoxan at different rates, according to the ZIP model

For heliothis virescens (h. virescens), a synergistic effect was observed, adding between 40% mortality according to the Bliss model and 18% mortality according to the ZIP model control for certain dose combinations between oxazosulfyl and benzpyrimoxan (tables 1.2b and 1.3 b).

For trialeurodes vaporariorum, a synergistic effect was observed, adding between 65% mortality according to the Bliss model and 51% mortality according to the ZIP model control for certain dose combinations between oxazosulfyl and benzpyrimoxan (tables 2.2b and 2.3 b).

Reference documents:

Berenbaum,M.,C.(1989).What is synergy.Pharmacol Rev 41:93-141Loewe,S.(1953).The problem of synergism and antagonism of combined drugs.Arzneimittelforschung 3:285-290

Bliss,C.,I.(1939).The toxicity of poisons applied jointly.Ann Appl Biol26:585-615

Yadav,B.；Wennerberg,K.；Aittokallio,T.；Tang,J.(2015).Computational Searching for drug synergy in complex dose-response landscapes using an interaction potency model.Structural Biotechnology Journal 13:504-513

Greco,W.；Unkelbach,H.-D.；

G.；Sühnel,J.；Kundi,M.；

W.(1992)Consensus on concepts and terminology for combined-action assessment:The

agreement.Archives of Complex Environmental Studies.4:65-69

He,L.；Kulesskiy,E.；Saarela,J.；Turunen,L.；Wennerberg,K.；Aittokallio,T.；Tang,J.(2018).Methods for High-Throughput DrugCombination Screening and Synergy Scoring.In von Stechow,L.(ed.),Cancer Systems Biology:Methods and Protocols,chapter 17,351-398.Springer New York.

Claims (15)

1. an agrochemical mixture comprising benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl.

2. The mixture according to claim 1, wherein benzpyrimoxan and oxazosulfyl are the only active ingredients.

3. The mixture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the pairs of mixtures is 1000:1 to 1:1000, preferably 100:1 to 1:100, 50:1 to 1:50, 20:1 to 1: 20.

4.A pesticidal composition comprising a liquid or solid carrier and a mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A method for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, which method comprises contacting the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture according to any of claims 1 to 3.

6.A method for protecting growing plants or plant propagation material from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests, which method comprises contacting the plants, the plant propagation material or the soil or water in which the plants are growing with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture according to any of claims 1 to 3.

7. A plant propagation material comprising the pesticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in an amount of 0.1g to 10kg per 100kg of seeds.

8. A method of protecting plant propagation material comprising contacting the plant propagation material with a pesticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in an amount of from 0.1g to 10kg per 100kg of plant propagation material.

9.A method for controlling rice invertebrate pests in rice, which method comprises applying to said rice invertebrate pests a mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the group consisting of:

hemiptera (Hemiptera):

nilaparvata lugens-brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)

Laodelphax striatellus (Laodelphax striatellus)

Sogatella furcifera (Sogatella furcifera)

Apple white leafhopper-white wing brown vein leafhopper (Cofana spectra)

Greater leafhopper-two-point leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens), N.nigreps, rice leafhopper (N.cincticeps), Malaya leafhopper (N.malayanus)

Cicada-electric light (Recilia dorsalis)

Corn orange leaf cicada-double canopy cicada (Cicadulina bipunctata)

Aster leafhopper-Diadian leafhopper (Macrostelles fascifirons)

Rice spike worm, rice stinkbug (leptocisa orientalis), standing grain spider stink bug (L.acuta)

Brown rice bug-rice green bug (Nezara viridula), Pygomenia varipennis, Sauropus bivalidus (Eysarcaris), Tibracha limpatriveris, Sauropus europaeus (Eysarcaris ventralis)

Small bed bug-obelius poecilus, stinkbugs elephant (o.pugnax)

Lygus lucorum-two star stinkbug genus (Eysarcoris sp)

Myocoris intermedia-corn stem long stinkbug (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus)

Mealworm, sorghum verruca ruber (Brevinia rehi), Tokya farger (Pseudococcus sacchara)

Aphids of rice, the red-belly aphid of the Siphonius rufiabdominalis, the Myzus avenae (Macrosiphum avenae), the green-tail aphid (Hysteroneeura setaria), the black-belly Ayamazu (Tetraneuro nigriibominis)

Aphis fabae-Gossypii (Smynthuroides betae)

Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera):

straight grain rice skippers-rice bracts (Parnara guttata), Melanitis Ieda ismene

Rice stem borer/rice stem borer-Chilo suppersalis (Chilo incessalis), Chilo polychhruss, Scopulaena punctiferalis (Chilo partellus), Chilo plejadellus

Rice stem borer Chilotraea polychrysa

Rice borer-rice stem borer (Sesamia inferenens)

Tryporyza incertulas (Tryporyza (Scirphohaga)

Rice white borer-rice white borer (Tryporyza innotata)

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), Marasmia patnalis, oryza sativa (m.exigua) with striae and brush hair (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis)

Cutting ear caterpillars/armyworms-pseudoaletia separate

Green caterpillar-spodoptera littoralis (Xanthodes transversasa)

Rice borer fly-green rice caterpillar (Narnaga aenescens)

Trichinella virginiana-Melanitis Ieda ismene, Mycalesis sp

Spodoptera frugiperda

Root cutting insect-armyworm (Mythimna separata)

Rice husk worm-rice stem borer (Nymphula depunctalis)

Carpenterworm, Lucilia (Amata sp.)

Trichinella-Trichoplusia frugiperda (Mocis frugal)

Yellow carpenterworm, Psalis pennatula

Noseudo brown noctuid, Shimao tibialis (Mocis frugal)

Rice loopers, Chrysodeeixis chalcites

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Herpetograma licarsalis)

Sugarcane borer-sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis)

Corn borer-Nanmei corn seedling borer (Elasmopalpus lignosellus)

Striped noctuid-Mocis latipes

Corn borer-corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis)

Mexico borer-Mexico rice stem borer (Eoreuma loftini)

Coleoptera (Coleoptera):

rice weevil-rice weevil (Lissophoropterus oryzophilus)

Rice weevil-rice weevil (Echinocnemus squamous)

Rice elephant-bluegrass weevil (Oryzophagus oryzae)

Rice spike (rice hispa) -rice armored (Diclodispa armigera)

Rice negative mud insect-Rice negative mud insect (Oulema oryzae)

Rice black bugs-rice black bugs (scotophora vernulate), s.vernulate, s.lurida, s.latiusula

Daojia-black concave shin jump (Chaetocnima basalis)

grub-Leucophols irrorata, Phyllophaga sp, Heterophylla sp (trichurito) -Argentina armoricanus (Dilobadeus abratus)

Valley elephant-tip hidden coracoid elephant (Sphenophorus spp)

Vitis vinifera-Colaspis brunnea, c

A rice pollen beetle, Chiloraba acuta

Diptera (Diptera):

stem fly-rice stem fly (Chlorops oryzae)

Leaf miner-Japanese rice leaf miner (Agromomyza oryzae)

Maggot of whelk/rice straw fly-wheat leaf trichogramma (Hydrella sakii)

Maggot of whelk/rice-fly-wheat water fly (Hydrellia griseola)

Midge oryzae-midge oryzae (Orseolia (pacchydipiosis) oryzae)

Rice planthopper-Miscanthus oryzae (Athericona oryzae)

Rice midges-chironomy cavazzai, chironomy spp, cricotopous spp Thysanoptera (Thysanoptera):

thrips oryzae-thrips oryzae (Chlorothripes oryzae), thrips oryzae (Stenochaethrips biformis), Perrisothrips sp., Orthistle (Hoplothrips sp.),

orthoptera (Orthoptera):

rice grasshopper, isophythmus banderan (sorghum nigrepletus), sorghum cane grasshopper (sorghum nigrepletus), locusta rubra crura (Catantops pinguis), attractorphae burri, a. crenulate, a. psittacina psittacina, a. bedeli, rataria dentata (Oxya adenttata), Oxya ebneri, oryza minuta (Oxya hyla intrica), Acrida turtica

Locust-east Asia migratory locust (Locusa migratoria manilensis)

Gryllotalpa, Gryllotalpa africana

Cricket: grylus bimaculatus, Eichhornia crassipes (Eichhornia crassipes), Euchyrtus constinus (Eichhornia crassipes), Eichhornia crassipes (Eichia crassipes), Eichhornia crassipes (E

locust-Long wing grass (Conocephalus longipes)

Isoptera (Isoptera):

termite-white termites (Macrotermes gilvus), Syntermes molestans

Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera):

ant-tropical imported fire ant (Solenopsis geminata)

White-tip nematode-Aphelenchoides besseyi (Aphelenchoides besseyi)

Acarina (Acari):

panonychus oryzae Steotarsonemus pinki

Crustaceans (crutacea):

tadpole shrimp-three-eye crayfish (Triops longicaudatus), scotland shrimp (t. cancridiformis)

Crayfish-crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), crayfish (orcones virlis).

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the rice invertebrate pest is selected from the order hemiptera, lepidoptera or coleoptera; preferably selected from springtails, or preferably selected from brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)), gray planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus), white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera), greater leafhopper (two-spotted black-tail cicada (Nephotettix virescens)), brown rice bug (Nezara virula), Pygomenida variennis, stinkbug (eyarcoriaria), tibetana leucospigotis, tibetana lipteris, stinkbug (euzarris), small bed bugs (obesus poecilus, stinkbugs (o. pusillima)), rice borer (Chilo suppressalis), Tryporyza incertulas (Tryporyza incertulas), rice leaf borer (oryza incertulas) and rice leaf borer (oryza incertulas).

12. The method according to any one of claims 9, 10 or 11, wherein the method comprises granule application, seedling box application or foliar application.

13. A method of enhancing plant health, in particular rice plant health, in particular in rice fields, comprising treating with a mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3.

14. A method for increasing the yield of plants, in particular rice plants, comprising treating with a mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3.

15. A method for protecting rice plants, using a mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3.