CN101889224A - 去耦合的全息膜及漫射器 - Google Patents
去耦合的全息膜及漫射器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101889224A CN101889224A CN2008801195423A CN200880119542A CN101889224A CN 101889224 A CN101889224 A CN 101889224A CN 2008801195423 A CN2008801195423 A CN 2008801195423A CN 200880119542 A CN200880119542 A CN 200880119542A CN 101889224 A CN101889224 A CN 101889224A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- display
- display equipment
- turning film
- equipment according
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/001—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
在本文中所描述的各种实施例中,一种显示器装置包括前方照明装置,所述前方照明装置包含安置于例如干涉式调制器阵列的显示器元件阵列前方的光导,以跨越所述显示器元件阵列分布光。所述光导可包括用于将来自光源的均匀照明传递到所述显示器元件阵列的转向膜。对于许多便携式显示器应用来说,所述光导包含在制造所述显示器元件的过程中所使用的衬底。所述显示器装置还可包括额外膜。举例来说,所述光导可包括漫射器及/或光学隔离层以进一步增强所述显示器的光学特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微机电系统(MEMS)。
背景技术
微机电系统(MEMS)包括微机械元件、激活器和电子元件。可使用沉积、蚀刻和/或其它蚀刻掉衬底和/或己沉积材料层的部分或者添加层以形成电装置和机电装置的微加工工艺来产生微机械元件。一种类型的MEMS装置称为干涉式调制器。如本文所使用,术语干涉式调制器或干涉式光调制器指的是一种使用光学干涉原理选择性地吸收且/或反射光的装置。在某些实施例中,干涉式调制器可包含一对导电板,其中之一或两者可能整体或部分透明且/或具有反射性,且能够在施加适当电信号时进行相对运动。在特定实施例中,一个板可包含沉积在衬底上的固定层,且另一个板可包含通过气隙与固定层分离的金属薄膜。如本文更详细描述,一个板相对于另一个板的位置可改变入射在干涉式调制器上的光的光学干涉。这些装置具有广范围的应用,且在此项技术中,利用且/或修改这些类型装置的特性使得其特征可被发掘用于改进现有产品和创建尚未开发的新产品,将是有益的。
发明内容
本文中所描述的各种实施例包含一种显示器装置,其包含衬底、多个显示器元件、转向膜及包覆层。衬底经配置以在其中导引光。所述多个显示器元件由衬底支撑且位于衬底后方。转向膜位于衬底前方且经配置以使衬底中所导引的光朝向所述多个显示器元件转向。多个散射特征位于转向膜前方。包覆层安置于转向膜与散射特征之间,以使得光在转向膜及衬底中经导引。
本文中所描述的某些实施例包含一种显示器装置,其包含用于显示图像的装置及用于支撑显示装置的装置。支撑装置安置于显示装置前方且经配置以在其中导引光。显示器装置进一步包含用于使支撑装置内所导引的光朝向显示装置转向的装置。光转向装置位于支撑装置前方。显示器装置另外包含用于使光散射的装置,其安置于光转向装置前方。所述显示器装置还包含用于使来自光转向装置的光重新引导回到光转向装置中以使得光在光转向装置及支撑装置中经导引的装置。光重新引导装置位于光转向装置与光散射装置之间。
本文中所描述的某些实施例包含一种制造显示器装置的方法,所述方法包含提供衬底,其中多个显示器元件位于所述衬底后方。所述衬底经配置以在其中导引光。在此方法中,在衬底前方安置转向膜。转向膜经配置以使衬底及转向膜中所导引的光朝向所述多个显示器元件转向。在转向膜前方提供多个散射特征。在转向膜与散射特征之间安置包覆层,以使得光在光转向膜及衬底中经导引。
附图说明
图1是描绘干涉式调制器显示器的一个实施例的一部分的等角视图,其中第一干涉式调制器的可移动反射层处于松弛位置,且第二干涉式调制器的可移动反射层处于激活位置。
图2是说明并入有3×3干涉式调制器显示器的电子装置的一个实施例的系统框图。
图3是图1的干涉式调制器的一个示范性实施例的可移动镜位置对所施加电压的图。
图4是可用于驱动干涉式调制器显示器的一组行和列电压的说明。
图5A说明图2的3×3干涉式调制器显示器中的显示器数据的一个示范性帧。
图5B说明可用于写入图5A的帧的行和列信号的一个示范性时序图。
图6A和图6B是说明包含多个干涉式调制器的视觉显示器装置的实施例的系统框图。
图7A是图1的装置的横截面。
图7B是干涉式调制器的替代实施例的横截面。
图7C是干涉式调制器的另一替代实施例的横截面。
图7D是干涉式调制器的又一替代实施例的横截面。
图7E是干涉式调制器的额外替代实施例的横截面。
图8为显示器装置的一部分的横截面,所述显示器装置包含安置于上面形成有显示器元件的衬底上的转向膜及漫射器。
图9为进一步包含抗反射涂层的显示器装置的一部分的横截面。
图10为进一步包含透镜或触摸面板的显示器装置的一部分的横截面。
具体实施方式
以下详细描述针对本发明的某些特定实施例。然而,本发明可以许多不同方式实施。在本描述内容中参看了附图,附图中所有相同部分用相同标号表示。如从以下描述中将了解,所述实施例可实施在经配置以显示不论运动(例如,视频)还是固定(例如,静止图像)的且不论文字还是图画的图像的任何装置中。更明确地说,预期所述实施例可实施在多种电子装置中或与多种电子装置关联,所述多种电子装置例如(但不限于)移动电话、无线装置、个人数据助理(PDA)、手持式或便携式计算机、GPS接收器/导航器、相机、MP3播放器、摄像机、游戏控制台、手表、时钟、计算器、电视监视器、平板显示器、计算机监视器、汽车显示器(例如,里程表显示器等)、座舱控制器和/或显示器、相机视图的显示器(例如,车辆中后视相机的显示器)、电子相片、电子广告牌或指示牌、投影仪、建筑结构、包装和美学结构(例如,一件珠宝上的图像显示器)。具有与本文中描述的装置类似的结构的MEMS装置也可用于例如电子切换装置的非显示器应用中。
在本文中所描述的各种实施例中,显示器装置包括前方照明装置,所述前方照明装置包含安置于显示器元件阵列(例如,干涉式调制器阵列)前方的光导,以跨越所述显示器元件阵列分布光。举例来说,可将包括转向膜的光导安置于显示器元件阵列前方,以将来自光源的均匀照明传递到显示器元件阵列,同时允许来自显示器元件阵列的周围灯光的照明的选项。然而,对于许多便携式显示器应用来说,重要的是显示器非常薄。因此,在本文中所描述的各种实施例中,光导包含制造显示器元件过程中所使用的衬底。光导还可包括额外膜。光导(例如)可包括沉积或层压于支撑显示器元件阵列的玻璃衬底的顶面或底面上的转向膜。因此,整个显示器的总厚度仅稍微增加超过形成于衬底上的显示器元件自身的厚度。某些实施例包括额外光学层(例如,漫射器及/或光学隔离层)以进一步增强显示器的光学特性。
图1中说明包含干涉式MEMS显示器元件的一个干涉式调制器显示器的实施例。在这些装置中,像素处于明亮状态或黑暗状态。在明亮(“接通”或“开启”)状态下,显示器元件将入射可见光的大部分反射到用户。当在黑暗(“断开”或“关闭”)状态下时,显示器元件将极少的入射可见光反射到用户。依据实施例而定,可颠倒“接通”和“断开”状态的光反射性质。MEMS像素可经配置以主要在所选颜色下反射,从而除了黑色及白色以外还允许彩色显示器。
图1是描述视觉显示器的一系列像素中的两个相邻像素的等角视图,其中每一像素包含MEMS干涉式调制器。在一些实施例中,干涉式调制器显示器包含这些干涉式调制器的一行/列阵列。每一干涉式调制器包括一对反射层,其定位成彼此相距可变且可控制的距离以形成具有至少一个可变尺寸的谐振光学间隙。在一个实施例中,可在两个位置之间移动所述反射层之一。在第一位置(本文中称为松弛位置)中,可移动反射层定位成距固定部分反射层相对较大的距离。在第二位置(本文中称为激活位置)中,可移动反射层定位成更紧密邻近所述部分反射层。视可移动反射层的位置而定,从所述两个层反射的入射光相长地或相消地进行干涉,从而针对每一像素产生全反射状态或非反射状态。
图1中像素阵列的所描绘部分包括两个相邻干涉式调制器12a和12b。在左侧干涉式调制器12a中,说明可移动反射层14a处于距包括部分反射层的光学堆叠16a预定距离处的松弛位置中。在右侧干涉式调制器12b中,说明可移动反射层14b处于邻近于光学堆叠16b的激活位置中。
如本文所引用的光学堆叠16a和16b(统称为光学堆叠16)通常包含若干熔合层(fused layer),所述熔合层可包括例如氧化铟锡(ITO)的电极层、例如铬的部分反射层和透明电介质。因此,光学堆叠16是导电的、部分透明且部分反射的,且可通过(例如)将上述层的一者或一者以上沉积到透明衬底20上来制造。部分反射层可由为部分反射的多种材料(例如,各种金属、半导体及电介质)形成。部分反射层可由一个或一个以上材料层形成,且层中的每一者可由单一材料或材料的组合形成。
在一些实施例中,光学堆叠16的层经图案化成为多个平行条带,且如下文中进一步描述,可在显示器装置中形成行电极。可移动反射层14a、14b可形成为沉积金属层(一层或多层)的一系列平行条带(与行电极16a、16b垂直),所述金属层沉积在柱18和沉积于柱18之间的介入牺牲材料的顶部上。当蚀刻去除牺牲材料时,可移动反射层14a、14b通过所界定的间隙19而与光学堆叠16a、16b分离。例如铝的高度导电且反射的材料可用于反射层14,且这些条带可在显示器装置中形成列电极。
在不施加电压的情况下,间隙19保留在可移动反射层14a与光学堆叠16a之间,其中可移动反射层14a处于机械松弛状态,如图1中像素12a所说明。然而,当将电位差施加到选定的行和列时,形成在相应像素处的行电极与列电极的交叉处的电容器变得带电,且静电力将所述电极拉在一起。如果电压足够高,那么可移动反射层14变形且被迫抵靠光学堆叠16。光学堆叠16内的电介质层(在此图中未图示)可防止短路并控制层14与16之间的分离距离,如图1中右侧的像素12b所说明。不管所施加的电位差的极性如何,表现均相同。以此方式,可控制反射像素状态对非反射像素状态的行/列激活在许多方面类似于常规LCD和其它显示技术中所使用的行/列激活。
图2到图5B说明在显示器应用中使用干涉式调制器阵列的一个示范性工艺和系统。
图2是说明可并入有本发明各方面的电子装置的一个实施例的系统框图。在所述示范性实施例中,所述电子装置包括处理器21,其可为任何通用单芯片或多芯片微处理器(例如ARM、 Pro、8051、Power ),或任何专用微处理器(例如数字信号处理器、微控制器或可编程门阵列)。如此项技术中常规的做法,处理器21可经配置以执行一个或一个以上软件模块。除了执行操作系统外,所述处理器可经配置以执行一个或一个以上软件应用程序,包括网络浏览器、电话应用程序、电子邮件程序或任何其它软件应用程序。
在一个实施例中,处理器21还经配置以与阵列驱动器22通信。在一个实施例中,所述阵列驱动器22包括将信号提供到显示器阵列或面板30的行驱动器电路24和列驱动器电路26。在图2中以线1-1展示图1中说明的阵列的横截面。对于MEMS干涉式调制器来说,行/列激活协议可利用图3中说明的这些装置的滞后性质。可能需要(例如)10伏的电位差来促使可移动层从松弛状态变形为激活状态。然而,当电压从所述值减小时,可移动层在电压降回10伏以下时维持其状态。在图3的示范性实施例中,可移动层直到电压降到2伏以下时才完全松弛。因此,在图3中所说明的实例中,存在约3到7V的经施加电压窗口,在所述窗口内,装置在松弛状态或激活状态中均是稳定的。此窗口在本文中称为“滞后窗口”或“稳定窗口”。对于具有图3的滞后特性的显示器阵列来说,可设计行/列激活协议使得在行选通期间,已选通行中待激活的像素暴露于约10伏的电压差,且待松弛的像素暴露于接近零伏的电压差。在选通之后,所述像素暴露于约5伏的稳态电压差使得其维持在行选通使其所处的任何状态中。在此实例中,每一像素在被写入之后经历3-7伏的“稳定窗口”内的电位差。此特征使图1中说明的像素设计在相同的施加电压条件下在激活或松弛预存在状态下均是稳定的。因为干涉式调制器的每一像素(不论处于激活还是松弛状态)本质上是由固定反射层和移动反射层形成的电容器,所以可在滞后窗口内的一电压下维持此稳定状态而几乎无功率消耗。本质上,如果所施加的电压是固定的,那么没有电流流入像素中。
在典型应用中,可通过根据第一行中所需组的激活像素断言所述组列电极来产生显示帧。接着将行脉冲施加到行1电极,从而激活对应于所断言的列线的像素。接着改变所述组已断言列电极以对应于第二行中所需组的激活像素。接着将脉冲施加到行2电极,从而根据已断言的列电极而激活行2中的适当像素。行1像素不受行2脉冲影响,且维持在其在行1脉冲期间被设定的状态中。可以连续方式对整个系列的行重复此过程以产生帧。通常,通过以每秒某一所需数目的帧的速度连续地重复此过程来用新的显示器数据刷新且/或更新所述帧。用于驱动像素阵列的行和列电极以产生显示帧的广泛种类的协议也是众所周知的且可结合本发明使用。
图4、图5A和图5B说明用于在图2的3×3阵列上形成显示帧的一个可能的激活协议。图4说明可用于使像素展示出图3的滞后曲线的一组可能的列和行电压电平。在图4实施例中,激活像素涉及将适当列设定为-Vbias,且将适当行设定为+△V,其分别可对应于-5伏和+5伏。松弛像素是通过将适当列设定为+Vbias,且将适当行设定为相同的+△V,从而在像素上产生零伏电位差而实现的。在行电压维持在零伏的那些行中,不管列处于+Vbias还是-Vbias,像素在任何其最初所处的状态中均是稳定的。同样如图4中所说明,将了解,可使用具有与上述电压的极性相反的极性的电压,例如,激活像素可涉及将适当列设定为+Vbias,且将适当行设定为-△V。在此实施例中,释放像素是通过将适当列设定为-Vbias,且将适当行设定为相同的-△V,从而在像素上产生零伏电位差而实现的。
图5B是展示施加到图2的3×3阵列的一系列行和列信号的时序图,所述系列的行和列信号将产生图5A中说明的显示器布置,其中被激活像素为非反射的。在对图5A中说明的帧进行写入之前,像素可处于任何状态,且在本实例中所有行均处于0伏,且所有列均处于+5伏。在这些所施加的电压的情况下,所有像素在其既有的激活或松弛状态中均是稳定的。
在图5A的帧中,像素(1,1)、(1,2)、(2,2)、(3,2)和(3,3)被激活。为了实现此目的,在行1的“线时间(line time)”期间,将列1和2设定为-5伏,且将列3设定为+5伏。因为所有像素均保留在3-7伏的稳定窗口中,所以这并不改变任何像素的状态。接着用从0升到5伏且返回零的脉冲选通行1。这激活了(1,1)和(1,2)像素且松弛了(1,3)像素。阵列中其它像素均不受影响。为了视需要设定行2,将列2设定为-5伏,且将列1和3设定为+5伏。施加到行2的相同选通接着将激活像素(2,2)且松弛像素(2,1)和(2,3)。同样,阵列中其它像素均不受影响。通过将列2和3设定为-5伏且将列1设定为+5伏来类似地设定行3。行3选通设定行3像素,如图5A中所示。在对帧进行写入之后,行电位为零,且列电位可维持在+5或-5伏,且接着显示器在图5A的布置中是稳定的。将了解,可将相同程序用于数十或数百个行和列的阵列。还将应了解,用于执行行和列激活的电压的时序、序列和电平可在上文所概述的一般原理内广泛变化,且上文的实例仅为示范性的,且任何激活电压方法均可与本文描述的系统和方法一起使用。
图6A和图6B是说明显示器装置40的实施例的系统框图。显示器装置40可为(例如)蜂窝式电话或移动电话。然而,显示器装置40的相同组件或其稍微变化形式也说明例如电视和便携式媒体播放器的各种类型的显示器装置。
显示器装置40包括外壳41、显示器30、天线43、扬声器45、输入装置48和麦克风46。外壳41通常由所属领域的技术人员众所周知的多种制造工艺的任一者形成,所述工艺包括注射模制和真空成形。另外,外壳41可由多种材料的任一者制成,所述材料包括(但不限于)塑料、金属、玻璃、橡胶和陶瓷,或其组合。在一个实施例中,外壳41包括可去除部分(未图示),所述可去除部分可与其它具有不同颜色或含有不同标记、图画或符号的可去除部分互换。
如本文中所描述,示范性显示器装置40的显示器30可为包括双稳态显示器(bi-stable display)在内的多种显示器的任一者。在其它实施例中,如所属领域的技术人员众所周知,显示器30包括例如如上所述的等离子、EL、OLED、STN LCD或TFT LCD的平板显示器,或例如CRT或其它电子管装置的非平板显示器。然而,出于描述本实施例的目的,如本文中所描述,显示器30包括干涉式调制器显示器。
图6B中示意说明示范性显示器装置40的一个实施例的组件。所说明的示范性显示器装置40包括外壳41且可包括至少部分封围在所述外壳41中的额外组件。举例来说,在一个实施例中,示范性显示器装置40包括网络接口27,所述网络接口27包括耦合到收发器47的天线43。收发器47连接到处理器21,处理器21连接到调节硬件52。调节硬件52可经配置以调节信号(例如,对信号进行滤波)。调节硬件52连接到扬声器45和麦克风46。处理器21也连接到输入装置48和驱动器控制器29。驱动器控制器29耦合到帧缓冲器28且耦合到阵列驱动器22,所述阵列驱动器22进而耦合到显示器阵列30。根据特定示范性显示器装置40设计的要求,电源50将功率提供到所有组件。
网络接口27包括天线43和收发器47使得示范性显示器装置40可经由网络与一个或一个以上装置通信。在一个实施例中,网络接口27也可具有某些处理能力以减轻对处理器21的要求。天线43是所属领域的技术人员已知的用于发射和接收信号的任何天线。在一个实施例中,所述天线根据IEEE 802.11标准(包括IEEE 802.11(a)、(b)或(g))来发射和接收RF信号。在另一实施例中,所述天线根据蓝牙(BLUETOOTH)标准来发射和接收RF信号。在蜂窝式电话的情况下,所述天线经设计以接收CDMA、GSM、AMPS或其它用于在无线手机网络内通信的已知信号。收发器47预处理从天线43接收到的信号,使得处理器21可接收所述信号并进一步对所述信号进行处理。收发器47还处理从处理器21接收到的信号使得可经由天线43从示范性显示器装置40发射所述信号。
在一替代实施例中,收发器47可由接收器代替。在又一替代实施例中,网络接口27可由可存储或产生待发送到处理器21的图像数据的图像源代替。举例来说,所述图像源可为数字视频光盘(DVD)或含有图像数据的硬盘驱动器,或产生图像数据的软件模块。
处理器21大致上控制示范性显示器装置40的全部操作。处理器21接收例如来自网络接口27或图像源的压缩图像数据的数据,并将所述数据处理成原始图像数据或处理成易被处理成原始图像数据的格式。处理器21接着将已处理的数据发送到驱动器控制器29或发送到帧缓冲器28以供存储。原始数据通常是指识别图像内每一位置处的图像特性的信息。举例来说,这些图像特性可包括颜色、饱和度和灰度级。
在一个实施例中,处理器21包括微控制器、CPU或逻辑单元以控制示范性显示器装置40的操作。调节硬件52通常包括放大器和滤波器,以用于将信号发射到扬声器45,且用于从麦克风46接收信号。调节硬件52可为示范性显示器装置40内的离散组件,或可并入在处理器21或其它组件内。
驱动器控制器29直接从处理器21或从帧缓冲器28取得由处理器21产生的原始图像数据,并适当地重新格式化所述原始图像数据以供高速发射到阵列驱动器22。具体来说,驱动器控制器29将原始图像数据重新格式化为具有类似光栅的格式的数据流,使得其具有适于在显示器阵列30上进行扫描的时间次序。接着,驱动器控制器29将已格式化的信息发送到阵列驱动器22。尽管驱动器控制器29(例如LCD控制器)通常与系统处理器21关联而作为独立的集成电路(IC),但可以许多方式实施这些控制器。其可作为硬件嵌入处理器21中,作为软件嵌入处理器21中,或与阵列驱动器22完全集成在硬件中。
通常,阵列驱动器22从驱动器控制器29接收已格式化的信息且将视频数据重新格式化为一组平行波形,所述波形以每秒多次的速度被施加到来自显示器的x-y像素矩阵的数百且有时数千个引线。
在一个实施例中,驱动器控制器29、阵列驱动器22和显示器阵列30适用于本文描述的任意类型的显示器。举例来说,在一个实施例中,驱动器控制器29是常规显示器控制器或双稳态显示器控制器(例如,干涉式调制器控制器)。在另一实施例中,阵列驱动器22是常规驱动器或双稳态显示器驱动器(例如,干涉式调制器显示器)。在一个实施例中,驱动器控制器29与阵列驱动器22集成。此实施例在例如蜂窝式电话、手表和其它小面积显示器的高度集成系统中是普遍的。在又一实施例中,显示器阵列30是典型的显示器阵列或双稳态显示器阵列(例如,包括干涉式调制器阵列的显示器)。
输入装置48允许用户控制示范性显示器装置40的操作。在一个实施例中,输入装置48包括例如QWERTY键盘或电话键区的键区、按钮、开关、触敏屏幕或压敏或热敏薄膜。在一个实施例中,麦克风46是用于示范性显示器装置40的输入装置。当使用麦克风46将数据输入到所述装置时,用户可提供声音命令以便控制示范性显示器装置40的操作。
电源50可包括此项技术中众所周知的多种能量存储装置。举例来说,在一个实施例中,电源50是例如镍镉电池或锂离子电池的可再充电电池。在另一实施例中,电源50是可再生能源、电容器或太阳能电池,包括塑料太阳能电池和太阳能电池涂料。在另一实施例中,电源50经配置以从壁式插座接收功率。
在某些实施例中,如上文中所描述,控制可编程性驻存在驱动器控制器中,所述驱动器控制器可位于电子显示器系统中的若干位置中。在某些实施例中,控制可编程性驻存在阵列驱动器22中。所属领域的技术人员将了解,上述优化可实施在任何数目的硬件和/或软件组件中且可以各种配置实施。
根据上文陈述的原理而操作的干涉式调制器的结构的细节可广泛变化。举例来说,图7A-7E说明可移动反射层14及其支撑结构的五个不同实施例。图7A是图1的实施例的横截面,其中金属材料条带14沉积在垂直延伸的支撑件18上。在图7B中,可移动反射层14在系链(tether)32上仅在隅角处附接到支撑件。在图7C中,可移动反射层14从可包含柔性金属的可变形层34悬置下来。所述可变形层34直接或间接地连接到围绕可变形层34的周边的衬底20。这些连接在本文中称为支柱。图7D中说明的实施例具有支柱插塞42,可变形层34搁置在所述支柱插塞42上。如图7A-7C所示,可移动反射层14保持悬置在间隙上方,但可变形层34并不通过填充可变形层34与光学堆叠16之间的孔而形成所述支柱。而是,支柱由平坦化材料形成,其用于形成支柱插塞42。图7E中说明的实施例是基于图7D中展示的实施例,但也可适于与图7A-7C中说明的实施例以及未图示的额外实施例的任一者一起发挥作用。在图7E中所示的实施例中,已使用金属或其它导电材料的额外层来形成总线结构44。这允许信号沿着干涉式调制器的背面进行路由,从而消除许多原本可能必须形成在衬底20上的电极。
在例如图7中所示的那些实施例的实施例中,干涉式调制器充当直接观看装置,其中从透明衬底20的前侧观看图像,所述侧与上面布置有调制器的一侧相对。在这些实施例中,反射层14以光学方式遮蔽在反射层的与衬底20相对侧的干涉式调制器的部分,其包括可变形层34。这允许对遮蔽区域进行配置和操作而不会消极地影响图像质量。此遮蔽允许图7E中的总线结构44,其提供使调制器的光学性质与调制器的机电性质分离的能力,例如,寻址或由所述寻址引起的移动。这种可分离的调制器结构允许选择用于调制器的机电方面和光学方面的结构设计和材料且使其彼此独立而发挥作用。此外,图7C-7E中所示的实施例具有源自反射层14的光学性质与其机械性质脱离的额外益处,所述益处由可变形层34执行。这允许用于反射层14的结构设计和材料在光学性质方面得以优化,且用于可变形层34的结构设计和材料在所需的机械性质方面得以优化。
如上文所描述,在某些实施例中,干涉式调制器为反射性的且依日光或良好照亮环境中的周围灯光而定。另外,可为黑暗周围环境中的干涉式调制器的照明提供人工照明源。用于干涉式调制器显示器的照明源可(例如)包含前灯,所述前灯使用光导来收集穿过光导的窄直角边缘的光且使光朝向干涉式调制器重新引导。在某些实施例中,光导可包含安置于干涉式调制器前方的塑料或玻璃平板、薄片、板或膜。可将转向膜压或沉积于平板、薄片或膜上,以使沿着光导传播的光朝向显示器元件重新引导。在各种设计中,所述光导包含大致1mm厚的塑料层。然而,对于某些应用来说,光导可具有(例如)小于约1毫米的一半的减小的或最小厚度,以保持总的显示器装置为薄的。
一种用于减小或最小化显示器的总厚度的方式是在干涉式调制器的结构组件(例如,上面形成有干涉式调制器的衬底)上并入有转向膜。此衬底可包含玻璃。或者,衬底可包含塑料或另一大体上光学透射材料。通过将转向膜涂覆于干涉式调制器的结构组件(例如,玻璃衬底)上,可将来自人工光源的光耦合到干涉式调制器的玻璃衬底层中且通过转向膜而使光朝向干涉式调制器转向。在所述实施例中,不使用单独的玻璃或塑料平板、薄片或膜,且由此可显著地减小整个显示器装置的厚度。
在某些实施例中,还可在干涉式调制器的衬底上安置一个或一个以上额外光学层(例如,漫射器或光学隔离层)以另外改进显示器的光学性能。举例来说,可提供漫射器层以使从干涉式调制器反射的光散射,从而给原本可能过于镜面状的显示器提供更漫射的外观。替代地或另外,可在显示器的光导部分与干涉式调制器之间提供光学隔离层以防止干涉式调制器吸收传播穿过光导部分的光。如本文中所描述,可选择转向膜、漫射器及衬底上的额外光学膜相对于干涉式调制器的几何布置以增强显示器的光导部分的效率,以进一步增强整个显示器的光学性能,或提供其它优点。
可使用所属领域的技术人员已知的用于将本文中所描述的光学层中的一者或一者以上粘附于显示器元件阵列的玻璃或塑料衬底上的多种制造工艺中的任一者来形成显示器装置。玻璃或塑料衬底包含支撑层,例如干涉式调制器阵列的显示器元件制造于所述支撑层上。如本文中所揭示,衬底可进一步用于支撑显示器装置的一个或一个以上光学层。
在一个实施例中,可将转向膜沉积或层压到衬底。举例来说,可使用压敏粘合剂将转向膜层压到衬底的顶面。或者,可使用此项技术中已知的技术或仍待开发的其它技术来将转向膜沉积于衬底上。可将转向膜安置于衬底的与显示器元件阵列相对的表面上。在某些实施例中,可在转向膜与衬底之间安置一个或一个以上层。
还可将漫射器粘附到玻璃衬底。在一些实施例中,将漫射器安置于转向膜前方,以使得转向膜位于漫射器与衬底之间。举例来说,可将漫射器安置于转向膜上。在一些实施例中,可在漫射器与转向膜之间安置一个或一个以上层。可使用此项技术中已知的或仍待开发的任何合适技术来将漫射器涂布、沉积、层压或蚀刻于转向膜或漫射器与转向膜之间的另一层上。举例来说,可旋铸(spin cast)漫射器,或替代地,漫射器可包含直接在转向膜的表面上生长的薄膜或安置于转向膜的上方的另一层。在一些实施例中,漫射器包含其中具有用于散射的粒子的粘合剂(例如,具有漫射特征的压敏粘合剂),其用于将一个或一个以上层或结构层压到转向膜。在其它实施例中,漫射器可为表面漫射器薄片或层压到转向膜或转向膜上方的层的体积漫射器薄片。漫射器还可包含形成于载体上的薄膜。
在某些实施例中,可将光学隔离层安置于玻璃衬底与显示器元件阵列之间。举例来说,可将光学隔离层层压到或沉积于玻璃衬底与显示器元件阵列之间的衬底的表面上。在其它实施例中,可将光学隔离层层压到或沉积于衬底上方的层上,以使得光学隔离层位于玻璃衬底与显示器元件阵列之间。
此外,广泛多种变化是可能的。可添加、移除或重新布置膜、层、组件及/或元件。另外,可添加、移除或重新排序处理步骤。并且,尽管本文中己使用术语膜及层,但如本文中所使用的所述术语包括膜堆叠及多个层。可使用粘合剂将所述膜堆叠或多个层粘附到其它结构,或可使用沉积技术或以其它方式将所述膜堆叠及多个层形成于其它结构上。因此,显而易见,可使用已知的制造技术或仍待开发的技术将多个光学层的若干几何布置中的任一者制造于显示器元件的衬底上,以提供具有某些所要的光学特性的薄显示器装置。
图8说明照明设备80的一部分的一个实施例,在照明设备80中,转向膜82沉积于用于干涉式调制器86阵列的玻璃衬底85的顶面上。在图8中所展示的实施例中,转向膜82包括安置于载体82b上的转向特征82a。尽管在图8中所展示的实施例中,转向特征82a位于载体82b后方,但在其它实施例中,转向特征位于载体前方。在又其它实施例中,排除载体82b。在一些实施例中,可使用例如压敏粘合剂等粘合剂来将转向膜82粘附到玻璃衬底85。
玻璃衬底85与转向膜82形成照明设备80的光导区域81,光可被导引穿过光导区域81。然而,归因于光导81的显示器装置的总厚度仅增加转向膜82的添加量,因为玻璃衬底85为干涉式调制器86的结构组件。已通过将转向膜82直接粘附到干涉式调制器86的玻璃衬底85且使用衬底来导引光而消除了对于用于光导81的单独玻璃或塑料平板或薄片的需要。因此,照明设备80的总厚度仅增加转向膜82的厚度,其大体在约50微米到300微米之间。在一些实施例中,转向膜82与衬底85之间的压敏粘合剂可能为约25微米到50微米。
图8中所展示的实施例进一步包含安置于光导81及干涉式调制器86阵列的上方的漫射器84。漫射器84包含安置于载体84b上的多个漫射或散射特征84a。尽管展示所述多个散射特征84a安置于载体84b后方的漫射器的一部分中,但在其它实施例中,所述多个散射特征84a可安置于载体84b前方的漫射器的一部分中。或者,可排除载体。漫射器84定位于转向层82前方且粘附到转向层82,以使得转向层位于漫射器与衬底85及干涉式调制器86之间。
包含(例如)一个或一个以上发光二极管(LED)的光源83相对于光导81而安置以在其中注入光。在图8中所展示的实施例中,举例来说,将来自光源83的光5注入到照明设备80的光导部分81的边缘。在一些实施例中,光源83包含将来自点源发射器(例如,发光二极管)的光变换成直线源的光注入系统。此光注入系统可(例如)包含光条(light bar)。还可使用其它类型的光源。
因此,将光5注入到转向膜82及/或玻璃衬底85的边缘中。光5至少部分地经由归因于转向膜82与漫射器84之间的折射率的差异的全内反射而沿着光导区域81传播。
举例来说,转向膜82及/或载体82b通常包含以下材料,例如聚碳酸酯、例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)的丙烯酸系、或例如聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)聚合物的丙烯酸酯共聚物(PS-PMMA,以Zylar的名称出售),或其它光学透明塑料。对于可见光谱中的波长,聚碳酸酯的折射率大致为1.59且Zylar的折射率大致为1.54。
漫射器84可包含具有较低折射率的材料。此材料可(例如)包含具有为1.47的折射率的压敏粘合剂。此材料在本文中称作包覆层88a,因为此材料促进光在光导区域81内经由全内反射的导引。明确地说,因为转向膜82的折射率大于包覆层88a的折射率,所以以大于临界角的角入射在转向膜/包覆层界面上的光将反射回到光导区域81中且将继续沿着光导区域81传播。
光5还可从另外支持光沿着光导81传播的显示器元件86反射。然而,例如干涉式调制器的显示器元件86可能正吸收且由此可吸收入射在其上的光中的一些,如下文更完全论述。
因此,显示器装置可进一步包含安置于玻璃衬底85与干涉式调制器86阵列之间的光学隔离层88b。通常,对于以从显示器元件的法线测量的45度到90度的角导引的光线,干涉式调制器86为吸收性结构。因此,传播穿过光导部分81且以斜角入射于干涉式调制器86上的光中的一些可在足够数目次反射之后由干涉式调制器86大体上吸收。为了减小、最小化或防止此归因于吸收的光损失,可将光学隔离层88b安置于玻璃衬底85与干涉式调制器86之间。如下文更详细论述,光学隔离层88b有利地具有大体上比玻璃衬底85的折射率低的折射率,以使得行进穿过光导部分81且以斜角或掠入角(例如,大于临界角(例如,大于40°或50°))撞击玻璃/光学隔离膜界面的光将被全内反射回到照明设备80的光导部分81中。在各种实施例中,光学隔离层包含二氧化硅或氟化二氧化硅。还可采用其它材料。
在某些实施例中,包含光导部分81(此处的转向膜82及玻璃衬底85)的多个光学层的折射率有利地接近,以使得光可透射穿过多个光学层而大体上不被反射或折射。衬底85可(例如)具有为1.52的折射率。如上文所描述,在某些实施例中,衬底85可包含玻璃或聚合材料。
在一些实施例中,衬底85的折射率比转向膜82的折射率低。在所述设计的情况下,以大入射角(例如,70°到90°)入射在衬底85与转向特征82a之间的界面上的光的某部分将被反射回,以使得光导引到转向膜82的与光源83相对的端。所述配置可改进经引导到显示器元件86上的光的分布的均一性(例如,当转向膜82的效率高时)。
在某些实施例中,照明设备80的光导部分81或其它部分进一步包含例如压敏粘合剂(PSA)的粘合剂层。PSA层可用于粘附漫射器层84、转向膜82及玻璃衬底85。在各种实施例中,PSA层在约1.47到1.53之间的折射率的情况下透明,以使得折射率匹配玻璃衬底85的折射率(对于可见光谱中的波长,折射率通常约为1.52)。举例来说,在某些实施例中,PSA层的折射率约为1.53。在防止起源于周围或起源于衬底85与转向膜82之间的界面处的光导的光源的不合需要的反射的过程中,使PSA层的折射率与玻璃衬底85及转向膜82的折射率匹配是有利的。还可在其它位置使用所述粘合剂。还可使用用于将所述层粘附在一起的替代方法。
转向膜82中的多个转向特征82a使垂直导引于光导81中的光转向,以使得光朝向显示器元件86重新引导且使得经转向的光的传播方向与显示器元件的表面的法线形成小于45度的角。因此,穿过光导部分81的厚度使光重新引导为大体上垂直于光导及显示器元件86阵列且可能以垂直入射或大体上接近垂直入射透射到干涉式调制器86。在某些实施例中,转向特征82a可包含多个表面特征或体积特征。在一些实施例中,转向膜82包含衍射光学元件且转向特征包含延伸跨越转向膜82的宽度的衍射特征。衍射光学元件可包含延伸跨越转向膜82的宽度的体积或表面特征。在某些实施例中,转向膜82包含全息图且转向特征82a包含全息特征。全息图可包含延伸跨越转向膜82的宽度的全息体积或表面特征。全息膜可安置于塑料载体上。
或者,转向特征82a可包含沿着转向膜82的宽度延伸的多个微棱镜。微棱镜可经配置以接收沿着转向膜82的宽度传播的光5并使光5转向穿过通常在约70°到90°之间的大角。棱镜微观结构可包含相对于彼此成角度的两个或两个以上转向刻面,其用于经由全内反射来反射光且致使光以垂直入射或接近垂直入射朝向显示器元件86阵列转向。可将棱镜微观结构包括在安置于载体上的膜中。注意,转向特征的大小、形状及间隔可变化。广泛多种其它类型的转向膜(衍射的、全息的、棱镜的,或其它)均是可能的。因此,可使用不同大小、形状、配置及布置。
在被转向特征82a转向之后,光5穿过光导区域81的厚度朝向干涉式调制器86透射,其中光5可经调制且穿过光导部分81朝向安置于显示器元件前方的观看者反射回以在显示器装置上提供图像。此经反射的光由图8中的箭头89示意地表示。
在各种实施例中,以大倾角(较接近显示器元件的法线)传播穿过光导部分81的光(例如,由转向膜82转向成大体上垂直于光导部分81的光,或周围光)将透射穿过具有低反射的层之间的界面。此垂直入射的光或接近垂直入射的光优选释放小于其功率或通量的约0.5%,且更优选释放小于其功率或通量的约0.1%。
如上文所描述,在替代实施例中,转向膜82及漫射器84不需要包括载体82b、84b。举例来说,漫射器84可包含具有光漫射或光散射特征(例如,散布于其中以提供光漫射特性的粒子)的透明粘合剂或其它材料。此设计可通过移除针对载体84b的需要而进一步减小整个显示器照明设备80的厚度,其在一些实施例中可致使漫射器层84的厚度在约25微米到100微米之间。
图9展示显示器装置的照明设备80的另一实施例。在此实施例中,抗反射层90已安置于漫射器84前方。在此特定实施例中,抗反射层90安置于支撑漫射层84a的载体84b上。可不同地配置其它实施例。举例来说,一个或一个以上层可安置于漫射器84与抗反射层90之间。并且,可不同地建构漫射器84。在一些实施例中,举例来说,如上文所描述,可排除载体84b。
在各种实施例中,抗反射层90减小对来自照明设备80的周围光的反射。所述经反射的周围光可减小装置的对比度,因为观看者看见为非调制的光的经反射的周围光连同从光调制器86阵列反射的经调制的光。
抗反射层90可包含减小反射的一个或一个以上层。抗反射层90可(例如)为增加照明设备80(例如,漫射器84)与周围(或抗反射层前方的层)之间的折射率匹配的透明电介质。在一些实施例中,抗反射层90包含多层堆叠,例如如同四分之一波堆叠的干涉堆叠。多种抗反射层是可能的。
图9还说明照明设备80的设计中的其它可能变化。展示包覆层88a安置在转向膜82与漫射器84之间。举例来说,此包覆层88a可(例如)包含具有比转向膜82的折射率及可能的衬底85的折射率低的折射率的材料。包覆层88a因此可辅助在光传播区域81内经由全内反射导引光。在较低折射率的包覆层88a的情况下,漫射器84a的折射率不限于比转向膜82的折射率低。在其它实施例中,漫射器84可形成包覆层88a的部分(如上文关于图8所论述)。其它变化也是可能的。
在图9中所描绘的实施例中,转向膜82附着到包覆层88a。在图9中不包括例如图8中所展示的用于支撑转向特征82a的单独载体82b以说明可能的设计中的变化。衬底85或包覆层88a可提供用于转向膜82的结构支撑或转向膜自身可足够刚硬。在一些实施例中,转向膜82包含棱镜膜。在其它实施例中,转向膜82包含衍射或全息层。再其它的变化是可能的。
图10展示显示器装置的照明设备80的另一实施例。在此实施例中,盖透镜(coverlens)或触摸面板100已安置于漫射器84前方。在其它实施例中,盖透镜或触摸面板100可替代地包含平面的盖板。在此特定实施例中,盖透镜或触摸面板100安置于漫射器84上。可不同地配置其它实施例。举例来说,一个或一个以上层可安置于漫射器84与盖透镜或触摸面板100之间。
盖透镜100可包含正功率或负功率光学元件。盖透镜100可包含折射透镜或衍射(例如,全息)透镜。在一些实施例中,多个小透镜(lenslet)可安置于漫射器84前方。
触摸面板100可包含准许用户触摸照明设备80或显示器装置的部分以输入数据、选择选项或控制显示器装置的广泛多种触摸面板。还可使用仍待开发的触摸面板100。
图10还说明照明设备80的设计中的其它可能变化。举例来说,在图10中所描绘的实施例中,漫射器84附着到盖透镜或触摸面板100及用于转向膜82的载体82b。图10中不包括例如图8及图9中所展示的单独载体84b以说明可能的设计中的变化。盖透镜或触摸面板100及用于转向膜82的载体82b可提供用于漫射器84的结构支撑或漫射器自身可足够刚硬。在一些实施例中,漫射器84包含(例如)将盖透镜或触摸面板100粘附到转向膜82的粘合剂。粘合剂中可包括用于漫射光的例如粒子的漫射特征或散射特征。在一些实施例中,漫射器84还可包含凝胶。凝胶中可包括用于漫射光的例如粒子的漫射特征或散射特征。凝胶可提供盖透镜或触摸面板100与转向膜82及转向特征82a之间的光学耦合。其它变化是可能的。在各种实施例中,散射特征安置于材料中,所述材料的至少一部分为用于光导81的包覆层。在所述实施例中,基质材料的至少一部分可安置于散射特征与光导81之间。因此,散射特征可安置于包覆层中且包覆层的至少一部分安置于散射特征与转向膜之间。
图10说明广泛多种组件可添加到照明设备80及/或显示器装置。除抗反射层90、触摸屏幕及/或透镜100之外,还可包括其它组件。
广泛多种其它替代配置也是可能的。举例来说,可添加、移除或重新布置组件(例如,层)。类似地,可添加、移除或重新排序处理及方法步骤。并且,尽管本文中已使用术语膜及层,但如本文中所使用的所述术语包括膜堆叠及多个层。可使用粘合剂将所述膜堆叠或多个层粘附到其它结构,或可使用沉积或以其它方式将所述膜堆叠及多个层形成于其它结构上。
因此,尽管已在特定实施例及实例的情况下揭示了本发明,但所属领域的技术人员将理解,本发明延伸超越特定揭示的实施例而到其它替代实施例及/或到对本发明及其明显修改及等效物的使用。另外,尽管已展示及详细描述本发明的若干变化,但所属领域的技术人员将基于本发明而容易明了在本发明的范围内的其它修改。还预期可进行实施例的特定特征及方面的各种组合或子组合且其仍属于本发明的范围。应理解,可将所揭示的实施例的各种特征及方面彼此组合或彼此取代,以便形成所揭示的本发明的变化模式。因此,希望本文中所揭示的本发明的范围不应受上文所描述的特定揭示的实施例限制,而应仅通过以下权利要求书的清楚阅读来确定。
Claims (44)
1.一种显示器装置,其包含:
衬底,其经配置以在其中导引光;
多个显示器元件,其由所述衬底支撑,所述显示器元件位于所述衬底后方;
转向膜,其位于所述衬底前方,所述转向膜经配置以使所述衬底中所导引的光朝向所述多个显示器元件转向;
多个散射特征,其位于所述转向膜前方;以及
包覆层,其安置于所述转向膜与所述散射特征之间以使得光在所述转向膜及所述衬底中经导引。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述衬底包含玻璃或塑料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述多个显示器元件包含微机电系统(MEMS)结构。
4.根据权利要求3所述的显示器装置,其中所述MEMS结构包含第一及第二反射表面,所述第一及第二反射表面中的至少一者可相对于另一者移动。
5.根据权利要求4所述的显示器装置,其中所述多个显示器元件包含干涉式调制器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其进一步包含所述衬底与所述显示器元件之间的光学隔离层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的显示器装置,其中所述光学隔离层具有比所述衬底的折射率低的折射率。
8.根据权利要求6所述的显示器装置,其中所述光学隔离层包含二氧化硅或氟化二氧化硅。
9.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述转向膜包含全息层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的显示器装置,其中所述全息层安置于塑料载体上。
11.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述转向膜包含棱镜膜。
12.根据权利要求11所述的显示器装置,其中所述棱镜膜安置于塑料载体上。
13.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述转向膜直接邻近所述衬底或通过粘合剂而直接粘附到所述衬底。
14.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述转向膜安置于塑料载体上且所述塑料载体直接邻近所述衬底或通过粘合剂而直接粘附到所述衬底。
15.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述散射特征包括在所述包覆层中。
16.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述包覆层安置于包含所述散射特征的漫射层与所述转向膜之间。
17.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述包覆层包含具有足够低的折射率以使得所述光在所述光转向膜及所述衬底中经导引的低折射率材料。
18.根据权利要求17所述的显示器装置,其中所述低折射率材料具有比所述转向膜小的折射率。
19.根据权利要求17所述的显示器装置,其中所述低折射率材料具有比所述衬底小的折射率。
20.根据权利要求17所述的显示器装置,其中所述低折射率材料具有小于1.48的折射率。
21.根据权利要求17所述的显示器装置,其中所述散射特征包含安置于所述低折射率材料中的漫射粒子。
22.根据权利要求21所述的显示器装置,其中所述低折射率材料包含粘合剂。
23.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述散射特征安置于漫射器层中。
24.根据权利要求23所述的显示器装置,其中所述漫射器层直接邻近所述转向膜或通过粘合剂而直接粘附到所述转向膜。
25.根据权利要求23所述的显示器装置,其中所述转向膜安置于塑料载体上且所述塑料载体直接邻近所述漫射器层或通过粘合剂而直接粘附到所述衬底。
26.根据权利要求23所述的显示器装置,其中所述转向膜及所述漫射器层安置于塑料载体上且所述塑料载体直接邻近彼此或通过粘合剂而直接粘附到彼此。
27.根据权利要求23所述的显示器装置,其中所述漫射器层安置于塑料载体上且所述塑料载体直接邻近所述转向层或通过粘合剂而直接粘附到所述转向层。
28.根据权利要求9所述的显示器装置,其中所述漫射器层具有比所述全息层低的折射率。
29.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其中所述漫射器层包含凝胶。
30.根据权利要求1所述的显示器装置,其进一步包含抗反射涂层,所述抗反射涂层位于包含所述散射特征的漫射层前方。
31.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其进一步包含:
处理器,其与所述多个显示器元件中的至少一者电连通,所述处理器经配置以处理图像数据;以及
存储器装置,其与所述处理器电连通。
32.根据权利要求31所述的显示器,其进一步包含:
驱动器电路,其经配置以将至少一个信号发送到所述多个显示器元件中的所述至少一者。
33.根据权利要求32所述的显示器,其进一步包含:
控制器,其经配置以将所述图像数据的至少一部分发送到所述驱动器电路。
34.根据权利要求31所述的显示器,其进一步包含:
图像源模块,其经配置以将所述图像数据发送到所述处理器。
35.根据权利要求34所述的显示器,其中所述图像源模块包含接收器、收发器及发射器中的至少一者。
36.根据权利要求31所述的显示器,其进一步包含:
输入装置,其经配置以接收输入数据并将所述输入数据传送到所述处理器。
37.一种显示器装置,其包含:
用于显示图像的装置;
用于支撑所述显示装置的装置,所述支撑装置安置于所述显示装置前方,所述支撑装置经配置以在其中导引光;
用于使所述支撑装置内所导引的光朝向所述显示装置转向的装置,所述光转向装置位于所述支撑装置前方;
用于使光散射的装置,其安置于所述光转向装置前方;以及
用于使来自所述光转向装置的光重新引导回到所述光转向装置中以使得光在所述光转向装置及所述支撑装置中经导引的装置,所述光重新引导装置位于所述光转向装置与所述光散射装置之间。
38.根据权利要求37所述的显示器装置,其中所述显示装置包含多个显示器元件。
39.根据权利要求38所述的显示器装置,其中所述多个显示器元件包含干涉式调制器。
40.根据权利要求37所述的显示器装置,其中所述支撑装置包含衬底。
41.根据权利要求37所述的显示器装置,其中所述光散射装置包含散射特征。
42.根据权利要求37所述的显示器装置,其中所述光转向装置包含全息层或棱镜层。
43.根据权利要求37所述的显示器装置,其中所述光重新引导装置包含包覆层。
44.一种制造显示器装置的方法,其包含:
提供衬底,其中多个显示器元件位于所述衬底后方,所述衬底经配置以在其中导引光;
在所述衬底前方安置转向膜,所述转向膜经配置以使所述衬底及所述转向膜中所导引的光朝向所述多个显示器元件转向;
在所述转向膜前方提供多个散射特征;以及
在所述转向膜与所述散射特征之间安置包覆层,以使得光在所述光转向膜及所述衬底中经导引。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/952,941 | 2007-12-07 | ||
US11/952,941 US8068710B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | Decoupled holographic film and diffuser |
EP08153686A EP2068180B1 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2008-03-29 | Decoupled holographic film and diffuser |
EP08153686.4 | 2008-03-29 | ||
PCT/US2008/085026 WO2009076075A1 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2008-11-26 | Decoupled holographic film and diffuser |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101889224A true CN101889224A (zh) | 2010-11-17 |
Family
ID=40474711
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2008801195423A Pending CN101889224A (zh) | 2007-12-07 | 2008-11-26 | 去耦合的全息膜及漫射器 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8068710B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2068180B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5209734B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20100110808A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101889224A (zh) |
TW (2) | TW200930655A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2009076075A1 (zh) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102636836A (zh) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 济南量谱信息技术有限公司 | 一种全息增亮元件及含该元件的半反半透型lcd |
CN107003470A (zh) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-08-01 | 微软技术许可有限责任公司 | 层压背光单元 |
CN107229088A (zh) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 光学微结构及光学微结构层的制作方、导光组件及显示装置 |
CN111213076A (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-05-29 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 光学隔离元件 |
CN114341704A (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-04-12 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | 用于显示器的有源区域照射的可切换偏振延迟器阵列 |
Families Citing this family (64)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7907319B2 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 2011-03-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation |
US8928967B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2015-01-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light |
KR100703140B1 (ko) | 1998-04-08 | 2007-04-05 | 이리다임 디스플레이 코포레이션 | 간섭 변조기 및 그 제조 방법 |
TWI289708B (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2007-11-11 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc | Optical interference type color display |
US7342705B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2008-03-11 | Idc, Llc | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US7706050B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2010-04-27 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated modulator illumination |
US7813026B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-10-12 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method of reducing color shift in a display |
US7508571B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-03-24 | Idc, Llc | Optical films for controlling angular characteristics of displays |
US7710636B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods using interferometric optical modulators and diffusers |
US7630123B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-12-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for compensating for color shift as a function of angle of view |
US7750886B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-07-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Methods and devices for lighting displays |
JP4837375B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-22 | 2011-12-14 | Nltテクノロジー株式会社 | 半透過型液晶表示装置及び携帯端末装置 |
US7916980B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2011-03-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interconnect structure for MEMS device |
US7603001B2 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2009-10-13 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing back-lighting in an interferometric modulator display device |
US7766498B2 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2010-08-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Linear solid state illuminator |
US7845841B2 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2010-12-07 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Angle sweeping holographic illuminator |
WO2008045311A2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination device with built-in light coupler |
EP1943551A2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-07-16 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light guide |
US7855827B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2010-12-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Internal optical isolation structure for integrated front or back lighting |
US8107155B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2012-01-31 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for reducing visual artifacts in displays |
US9019183B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2015-04-28 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Optical loss structure integrated in an illumination apparatus |
WO2008045463A2 (en) | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display device with diffractive optics |
US7864395B2 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2011-01-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light guide including optical scattering elements and a method of manufacture |
US7777954B2 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2010-08-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods of providing a light guiding layer |
US7733439B2 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2010-06-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Dual film light guide for illuminating displays |
US8068710B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2011-11-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Decoupled holographic film and diffuser |
WO2009102731A2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Devices and methods for enhancing brightness of displays using angle conversion layers |
US8654061B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2014-02-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated front light solution |
WO2009102733A2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated front light diffuser for reflective displays |
WO2009129264A1 (en) | 2008-04-15 | 2009-10-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light with bi-directional propagation |
WO2009154957A2 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2009-12-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Front light devices and methods of fabrication thereof |
US8358266B2 (en) | 2008-09-02 | 2013-01-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light turning device with prismatic light turning features |
US8231257B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2012-07-31 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Large area light panel and screen |
US8172417B2 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2012-05-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Shaped frontlight reflector for use with display |
EP2435865A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2012-04-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination devices and methods of fabrication thereof |
KR101774483B1 (ko) * | 2009-06-23 | 2017-09-05 | 시리얼 테크놀로지즈 에스.에이. | 직시형 디스플레이용 조명 유닛 |
FR2950981A1 (fr) * | 2009-10-02 | 2011-04-08 | Francois Parmentier | Film autocollant applique a l'optique guidee |
US20110169428A1 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-14 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Edge bar designs to mitigate edge shadow artifact |
US20110244187A1 (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2011-10-06 | Modilis Holdings Llc | Internal Cavity Optics |
US8402647B2 (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2013-03-26 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc. | Methods of manufacturing illumination systems |
EP2619791B1 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2015-10-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated passives and power amplifier |
US8902484B2 (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2014-12-02 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Holographic brightness enhancement film |
KR101659424B1 (ko) | 2011-04-13 | 2016-09-23 | 레이저 (아시아-퍼시픽) 피티이 엘티디 | 부가 3d 사용자 인터페이스를 제공하는 컴퓨터 주변 디스플레이 및 통신 기기 |
TWI493253B (zh) * | 2011-05-03 | 2015-07-21 | Front light module | |
TW201305613A (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2013-02-01 | Raising Light Optronics Corp | 觸控面板 |
US20130106918A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-02 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Multilayer light guide assembly |
US20130127880A1 (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display device and dual-sided process for forming light turning features and display elements |
US20130234990A1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-12 | Smart Technologies Ulc | Interactive input system and method |
US10115671B2 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2018-10-30 | Snaptrack, Inc. | Incorporation of passives and fine pitch through via for package on package |
CN104583844B (zh) | 2012-08-10 | 2019-04-30 | 杜比实验室特许公司 | 光定向调制显示器 |
CN104995535B (zh) | 2012-10-08 | 2019-03-08 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 用于提供改善的显示器部件的方法和设备 |
TWI475309B (zh) * | 2012-11-06 | 2015-03-01 | Wistron Corp | 電子紙顯示器 |
US20150109675A1 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Embedded surface diffuser |
KR102191963B1 (ko) | 2014-02-03 | 2020-12-17 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 홀로그램 디스플레이가 가능한 휴대용 기기 및 홀로그램 디스플레이 방법 |
PL3172598T3 (pl) * | 2014-07-25 | 2022-01-17 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Półprzezroczysta i barwna folia „dwa w jednym” |
US20160041323A1 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light extracting diffusive hologram for display illumination |
KR20170019086A (ko) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 백 라이트 유닛 및 디스플레이 장치 |
KR20170126563A (ko) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-20 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 광학 부재 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치 |
WO2018101813A1 (es) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | Carlos Morales Urquiza | Dispositivo con pantalla doblable de plasma y material autoadherible para emitir imágenes y video |
DE102017003036A1 (de) | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | Singulus Technologies Ag | Leuchtkörper |
US11307347B2 (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2022-04-19 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Display illumination using a wedge waveguide |
US11099412B2 (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2021-08-24 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Optical waveguide beam splitter with plural partial extraction features for display |
US11726336B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2023-08-15 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Active zonal display illumination using a chopped lightguide |
US11391948B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2022-07-19 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Display illumination using a grating |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020039155A1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2002-04-04 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Liquid-crystal display device |
US6642976B2 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2003-11-04 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Glass substrate and liquid-crystal display device |
CN2624220Y (zh) * | 2003-03-08 | 2004-07-07 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 导光板、发光模块、导光模块和液晶显示器 |
CN1559000A (zh) * | 2001-09-26 | 2004-12-29 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 波导、边缘发光照明装置和包含这种装置的显示器 |
CN1670593A (zh) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-09-21 | 株式会社西铁城电子 | 平面光源 |
CN1744163A (zh) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-08 | Idc公司 | 用于寻址mems显示器的系统和方法 |
CN101019067A (zh) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-08-15 | Idc公司 | 具有用于对一个面板进行背面照明并对另一面板进行正面照明的照明组合件的双重显示器 |
Family Cites Families (939)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5816677A (en) | 1905-03-01 | 1998-10-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Backlight device for display apparatus |
US2534846A (en) | 1946-06-20 | 1950-12-19 | Emi Ltd | Color filter |
US2518647A (en) | 1948-01-07 | 1950-08-15 | Celanese Corp | Interferometer means for thickness measurements |
US2677714A (en) | 1951-09-21 | 1954-05-04 | Alois Vogt Dr | Optical-electrical conversion device comprising a light-permeable metal electrode |
US3247392A (en) | 1961-05-17 | 1966-04-19 | Optical Coating Laboratory Inc | Optical coating and assembly used as a band pass interference filter reflecting in the ultraviolet and infrared |
DE1288651B (de) | 1963-06-28 | 1969-02-06 | Siemens Ag | Anordnung elektrischer Dipole fuer Wellenlaengen unterhalb 1 mm und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer derartigen Anordnung |
US3448334A (en) | 1966-09-30 | 1969-06-03 | North American Rockwell | Multicolored e.l. displays using external colored light sources |
US3924929A (en) | 1966-11-14 | 1975-12-09 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Retro-reflective sheet material |
FR1603131A (zh) | 1968-07-05 | 1971-03-22 | ||
US3813265A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1974-05-28 | A Marks | Electro-optical dipolar material |
US3653741A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1972-04-04 | Alvin M Marks | Electro-optical dipolar material |
US3725868A (en) | 1970-10-19 | 1973-04-03 | Burroughs Corp | Small reconfigurable processor for a variety of data processing applications |
US3679313A (en) | 1970-10-23 | 1972-07-25 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Dispersive element for optical pulse compression |
DE2336930A1 (de) | 1973-07-20 | 1975-02-06 | Battelle Institut E V | Infrarot-modulator (ii.) |
US3886310A (en) | 1973-08-22 | 1975-05-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrostatically deflectable light valve with improved diffraction properties |
US4099854A (en) | 1976-10-12 | 1978-07-11 | The Unites States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Optical notch filter utilizing electric dipole resonance absorption |
US4389096A (en) | 1977-12-27 | 1983-06-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Image display apparatus of liquid crystal valve projection type |
US4287449A (en) | 1978-02-03 | 1981-09-01 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light-absorption film for rear electrodes of electroluminescent display panel |
US4445050A (en) | 1981-12-15 | 1984-04-24 | Marks Alvin M | Device for conversion of light power to electric power |
US4663083A (en) | 1978-05-26 | 1987-05-05 | Marks Alvin M | Electro-optical dipole suspension with reflective-absorptive-transmissive characteristics |
US4200472A (en) | 1978-06-05 | 1980-04-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Solar power system and high efficiency photovoltaic cells used therein |
US4228437A (en) | 1979-06-26 | 1980-10-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Wideband polarization-transforming electromagnetic mirror |
NL8001281A (nl) | 1980-03-04 | 1981-10-01 | Philips Nv | Weergeefinrichting. |
DE3109653A1 (de) | 1980-03-31 | 1982-01-28 | Jenoptik Jena Gmbh, Ddr 6900 Jena | "resonanzabsorber" |
US4421381A (en) | 1980-04-04 | 1983-12-20 | Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp. | Mechanical vibrating element |
US4377324A (en) | 1980-08-04 | 1983-03-22 | Honeywell Inc. | Graded index Fabry-Perot optical filter device |
US4441791A (en) | 1980-09-02 | 1984-04-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Deformable mirror light modulator |
US4378567A (en) | 1981-01-29 | 1983-03-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electronic imaging apparatus having means for reducing inter-pixel transmission nonuniformity |
FR2506026A1 (fr) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-19 | Radant Etudes | Procede et dispositif pour l'analyse d'un faisceau de rayonnement d'ondes electromagnetiques hyperfrequence |
NL8103377A (nl) | 1981-07-16 | 1983-02-16 | Philips Nv | Weergeefinrichting. |
US4400577A (en) | 1981-07-16 | 1983-08-23 | Spear Reginald G | Thin solar cells |
US4863224A (en) | 1981-10-06 | 1989-09-05 | Afian Viktor V | Solar concentrator and manufacturing method therefor |
NL8200354A (nl) | 1982-02-01 | 1983-09-01 | Philips Nv | Passieve weergeefinrichting. |
US4633031A (en) | 1982-09-24 | 1986-12-30 | Todorof William J | Multi-layer thin film, flexible silicon alloy photovoltaic cell |
JPS60153015A (ja) | 1984-01-20 | 1985-08-12 | Nippon Kogaku Kk <Nikon> | ズ−ムレンズ鏡筒 |
DE3402746A1 (de) | 1984-01-27 | 1985-08-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Fluessigkristallanzeige |
US4832459A (en) | 1984-02-06 | 1989-05-23 | Rogers Corporation | Backlighting for electro-optical passive displays and transflective layer useful therewith |
US5345322A (en) | 1985-03-01 | 1994-09-06 | Manchester R&D Limited Partnership | Complementary color liquid crystal display |
US4878741A (en) | 1986-09-10 | 1989-11-07 | Manchester R & D Partnership | Liquid crystal color display and method |
JPS62119502A (ja) | 1985-11-18 | 1987-05-30 | インタ−ナショナル ビジネス マシ−ンズ コ−ポレ−ション | スペクトル・フイルタ |
GB2186708B (en) | 1985-11-26 | 1990-07-11 | Sharp Kk | A variable interferometric device and a process for the production of the same |
US5835255A (en) | 1986-04-23 | 1998-11-10 | Etalon, Inc. | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
GB8610129D0 (en) | 1986-04-25 | 1986-05-29 | Secr Defence | Electro-optical device |
US4850682A (en) | 1986-07-14 | 1989-07-25 | Advanced Environmental Research Group | Diffraction grating structures |
US4748366A (en) | 1986-09-02 | 1988-05-31 | Taylor George W | Novel uses of piezoelectric materials for creating optical effects |
US4786128A (en) | 1986-12-02 | 1988-11-22 | Quantum Diagnostics, Ltd. | Device for modulating and reflecting electromagnetic radiation employing electro-optic layer having a variable index of refraction |
GB2198867A (en) | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-22 | Philips Electronic Associated | A liquid crystal display illumination system |
EP0278038A1 (de) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-08-17 | Battelle-Institut e.V. | Aktiver Bildschirm in Flachbauweise |
US20050259302A9 (en) | 1987-09-11 | 2005-11-24 | Metz Michael H | Holographic light panels and flat panel display systems and method and apparatus for making same |
JPH01108501U (zh) | 1988-01-16 | 1989-07-21 | ||
US4947291A (en) | 1988-06-17 | 1990-08-07 | Mcdermott Kevin | Lighting device |
US4980775A (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1990-12-25 | Magnascreen Corporation | Modular flat-screen television displays and modules and circuit drives therefor |
US5206747A (en) | 1988-09-28 | 1993-04-27 | Taliq Corporation | Polymer dispersed liquid crystal display with birefringence of the liquid crystal at least 0.23 |
US5042921A (en) | 1988-10-25 | 1991-08-27 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display apparatus |
US4982184A (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1991-01-01 | General Electric Company | Electrocrystallochromic display and element |
US5446479A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1995-08-29 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Multi-dimensional array video processor system |
US5192946A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-03-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Digitized color video display system |
NL8900637A (nl) | 1989-03-16 | 1990-10-16 | Philips Nv | Weergeefinrichting voor kleurweergave. |
US4961617A (en) | 1989-07-19 | 1990-10-09 | Ferrydon Shahidi | Fibre optic waveguide illuminating elements |
US5022745A (en) | 1989-09-07 | 1991-06-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electrostatically deformable single crystal dielectrically coated mirror |
JP2893599B2 (ja) | 1989-10-05 | 1999-05-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 偏光光源及び投写型表示装置 |
US5381253A (en) | 1991-11-14 | 1995-01-10 | Board Of Regents Of University Of Colorado | Chiral smectic liquid crystal optical modulators having variable retardation |
US5124834A (en) | 1989-11-16 | 1992-06-23 | General Electric Company | Transferrable, self-supporting pellicle for elastomer light valve displays and method for making the same |
US5037173A (en) | 1989-11-22 | 1991-08-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Optical interconnection network |
JPH03170911A (ja) | 1989-11-30 | 1991-07-24 | Pioneer Electron Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
US5235437A (en) | 1989-12-18 | 1993-08-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Analog/digital image processor apparatus with liquid crystal light modulator |
EP0434041B1 (en) | 1989-12-20 | 1996-09-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Polarized illuminating device |
US5038224A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1991-08-06 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Video imaging device in a teleconferencing system |
US5500635A (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1996-03-19 | Mott; Jonathan C. | Products incorporating piezoelectric material |
US5361190A (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1994-11-01 | K. W. Muth Co. Inc. | Mirror assembly |
US5164858A (en) | 1990-03-07 | 1992-11-17 | Deposition Sciences, Inc. | Multi-spectral filter |
JPH04230705A (ja) | 1990-05-18 | 1992-08-19 | Canon Inc | 偏光変換装置、該偏光変換装置を備えた偏光照明装置および該偏光照明装置を有する投写型表示装置 |
GB9012099D0 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-07-18 | Kodak Ltd | Optical article for multicolour imaging |
US5153771A (en) | 1990-07-18 | 1992-10-06 | Northrop Corporation | Coherent light modulation and detector |
FR2665270B1 (fr) | 1990-07-27 | 1994-05-13 | Etat Francais Cnet | Dispositif modulateur spatial de lumiere et systeme d'holographie conoscopique a grande dynamique comportant un tel dispositif modulateur. |
US5110370A (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1992-05-05 | United Solar Systems Corporation | Photovoltaic device with decreased gridline shading and method for its manufacture |
US5044736A (en) | 1990-11-06 | 1991-09-03 | Motorola, Inc. | Configurable optical filter or display |
US5387953A (en) | 1990-12-27 | 1995-02-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Polarization illumination device and projector having the same |
KR960002202B1 (ko) | 1991-02-04 | 1996-02-13 | 가부시끼가이샤 한도다이 에네르기 겐뀨쇼 | 액정 전기 광학 장치 제작 방법 |
US5233459A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1993-08-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electric display device |
US5142414A (en) | 1991-04-22 | 1992-08-25 | Koehler Dale R | Electrically actuatable temporal tristimulus-color device |
US5226099A (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1993-07-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Digital micromirror shutter device |
US5221982A (en) | 1991-07-05 | 1993-06-22 | Faris Sadeg M | Polarizing wavelength separator |
US5287215A (en) | 1991-07-17 | 1994-02-15 | Optron Systems, Inc. | Membrane light modulation systems |
US5168406A (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-12-01 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color deformable mirror device and method for manufacture |
FR2680882B1 (fr) | 1991-08-06 | 1993-10-29 | Thomson Csf | Projecteur d'images a efficacite lumineuse orptimisee. |
US5151585A (en) | 1991-08-12 | 1992-09-29 | Hughes Danbury Optical Systems, Inc. | Coherent radiation detector |
IL99420A (en) | 1991-09-05 | 2000-12-06 | Elbit Systems Ltd | Helmet mounted display |
GB9121159D0 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-11-13 | Marconi Gec Ltd | Colour display system |
JP2539492Y2 (ja) | 1991-10-09 | 1997-06-25 | 惠和商工株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
EP0539099A3 (en) | 1991-10-25 | 1993-05-19 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Repositionable optical cover for monitors |
US5515184A (en) | 1991-11-12 | 1996-05-07 | The University Of Alabama In Huntsville | Waveguide hologram illuminators |
US5326426A (en) | 1991-11-14 | 1994-07-05 | Tam Andrew C | Undercut membrane mask for high energy photon patterning |
US5233385A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1993-08-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | White light enhanced color field sequential projection |
US5356488A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1994-10-18 | Rudolf Hezel | Solar cell and method for its manufacture |
US5349503A (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1994-09-20 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Illuminated transparent display with microtextured back reflector |
US6381022B1 (en) | 1992-01-22 | 2002-04-30 | Northeastern University | Light modulating device |
US5231532A (en) | 1992-02-05 | 1993-07-27 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Switchable resonant filter for optical radiation |
JPH05241103A (ja) | 1992-02-21 | 1993-09-21 | Nec Corp | 投射型液晶表示装置 |
JPH05264904A (ja) | 1992-03-18 | 1993-10-15 | Canon Inc | 照明光学系および該照明光学系を用いた投写型画像表示装置 |
US6002829A (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1999-12-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Luminaire device |
US5528720A (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1996-06-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. | Tapered multilayer luminaire devices |
US5312513A (en) | 1992-04-03 | 1994-05-17 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods of forming multiple phase light modulators |
US6088941A (en) | 1992-04-06 | 2000-07-18 | A.D.P. Adaptive Visual Perception Ltd. | Transparency viewing apparatus |
US5261970A (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1993-11-16 | Sverdrup Technology, Inc. | Optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices with low-reflectance surfaces |
US5401983A (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1995-03-28 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Processes for lift-off of thin film materials or devices for fabricating three dimensional integrated circuits, optical detectors, and micromechanical devices |
US5311360A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1994-05-10 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford, Junior University | Method and apparatus for modulating a light beam |
US5398170A (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1995-03-14 | Lee; Song S. | Optical-fiber display with intensive brightness |
US5638084A (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1997-06-10 | Dielectric Systems International, Inc. | Lighting-independent color video display |
JPH06214169A (ja) | 1992-06-08 | 1994-08-05 | Texas Instr Inc <Ti> | 制御可能な光学的周期的表面フィルタ |
GB2269697A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1994-02-16 | Sharp Kk | Display device |
US5818095A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-10-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | High-yield spatial light modulator with light blocking layer |
US5293272A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-08 | Physical Optics Corporation | High finesse holographic fabry-perot etalon and method of fabricating |
JPH0695112A (ja) | 1992-09-16 | 1994-04-08 | Hitachi Ltd | プリズムプレートおよびそれを用いた情報表示装置 |
GB9219671D0 (en) | 1992-09-17 | 1992-10-28 | Canterbury Park Limited | Ink |
US5339179A (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1994-08-16 | International Business Machines Corp. | Edge-lit transflective non-emissive display with angled interface means on both sides of light conducting panel |
US5648860A (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1997-07-15 | Ag Technology Co., Ltd. | Projection type color liquid crystal optical apparatus |
US5604607A (en) | 1992-10-19 | 1997-02-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Light concentrator system |
US5671314A (en) | 1993-01-15 | 1997-09-23 | Sisters Of Prividence In Oregon | Illuminator devices for ultraviolet light delivery and methods of making same |
EP0609812B1 (en) | 1993-02-01 | 1998-01-07 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Waveguide-type image transmission device and fingerprint identification device |
JP2823470B2 (ja) | 1993-03-09 | 1998-11-11 | シャープ株式会社 | 光走査装置及びそれを用いた表示装置並びに画像情報入出力装置 |
US6674562B1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2004-01-06 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US5418631A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1995-05-23 | Kaiser Optical Systems, Inc. | Edge-lit holographic diffusers for flat-panel displays |
GB2278222A (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-23 | Sharp Kk | Spatial light modulator |
US5481385A (en) | 1993-07-01 | 1996-01-02 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Direct view display device with array of tapered waveguide on viewer side |
US5673139A (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1997-09-30 | Medcom, Inc. | Microelectromechanical television scanning device and method for making the same |
US5365283A (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-11-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator |
FR2710161B1 (fr) | 1993-09-13 | 1995-11-24 | Suisse Electronique Microtech | Réseau miniature d'obturateurs de lumière. |
JP3382683B2 (ja) | 1993-10-22 | 2003-03-04 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | 共心光学系 |
EP0727823B1 (en) | 1993-11-05 | 2007-03-21 | Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. | Solar battery device and its manufacture |
US5398125A (en) | 1993-11-10 | 1995-03-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Liquid crystal projection panel having microlens arrays, on each side of the liquid crystal, with a focus beyond the liquid crystal |
US5517347A (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1996-05-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Direct view deformable mirror device |
NL9302091A (nl) | 1993-12-02 | 1995-07-03 | R & S Renewable Energy Systems | Fotovoltaisch zonnepaneel en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan. |
BE1007993A3 (nl) | 1993-12-17 | 1995-12-05 | Philips Electronics Nv | Belichtingsstelsel voor een kleurenbeeldprojectie-inrichting en circulaire polarisator geschikt voor toepassing in een dergelijk belichtingsstelsel en kleurenbeeldprojectie-inrichting bevattende een dergelijk belichtingsstelsel met circulaire polarisator. |
US5659410A (en) | 1993-12-28 | 1997-08-19 | Enplas Corporation | Surface light source device and liquid crystal display |
US5448314A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1995-09-05 | Texas Instruments | Method and apparatus for sequential color imaging |
US5500761A (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1996-03-19 | At&T Corp. | Micromechanical modulator |
JP2765471B2 (ja) | 1994-02-15 | 1998-06-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | 投写型液晶表示装置 |
TW334523B (en) | 1994-03-02 | 1998-06-21 | Toso Kk | Back light |
DE4407067C2 (de) | 1994-03-03 | 2003-06-18 | Unaxis Balzers Ag | Dielektrisches Interferenz-Filtersystem, LCD-Anzeige und CCD-Anordnung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dielektrischen Interferenz-Filtersystems |
US5982540A (en) | 1994-03-16 | 1999-11-09 | Enplas Corporation | Surface light source device with polarization function |
US6028649A (en) * | 1994-04-21 | 2000-02-22 | Reveo, Inc. | Image display systems having direct and projection viewing modes |
US7138984B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2006-11-21 | Idc, Llc | Directly laminated touch sensitive screen |
US6680792B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2004-01-20 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US7123216B1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2006-10-17 | Idc, Llc | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US7460291B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2008-12-02 | Idc, Llc | Separable modulator |
US6040937A (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2000-03-21 | Etalon, Inc. | Interferometric modulation |
US20010003487A1 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 2001-06-14 | Mark W. Miles | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US5805117A (en) | 1994-05-12 | 1998-09-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Large area tiled modular display system |
KR100400114B1 (ko) | 1994-06-01 | 2003-12-31 | 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | 고효율조명디바이스및그러한디바이스를포함하는영상투영장치 |
US5497172A (en) | 1994-06-13 | 1996-03-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Pulse width modulation for spatial light modulator with split reset addressing |
US5671994A (en) | 1994-06-08 | 1997-09-30 | Clio Technologies, Inc. | Flat and transparent front-lighting system using microprisms |
EP0724174A4 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 1998-12-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 'HEADUP' DISPLAY DEVICE, LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY PANEL AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR |
US5636052A (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1997-06-03 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Direct view display based on a micromechanical modulation |
US5703710A (en) | 1994-09-09 | 1997-12-30 | Deacon Research | Method for manipulating optical energy using poled structure |
US5647036A (en) | 1994-09-09 | 1997-07-08 | Deacon Research | Projection display with electrically-controlled waveguide routing |
US5544268A (en) | 1994-09-09 | 1996-08-06 | Deacon Research | Display panel with electrically-controlled waveguide-routing |
CN1158182A (zh) | 1994-09-15 | 1997-08-27 | 潘诺科普显示系统公司 | 带有简化多电极结构的电子荧光显示系统及其加工 |
JP3219943B2 (ja) | 1994-09-16 | 2001-10-15 | 株式会社東芝 | 平面直視型表示装置 |
US5619059A (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1997-04-08 | National Research Council Of Canada | Color deformable mirror device having optical thin film interference color coatings |
US6560018B1 (en) | 1994-10-27 | 2003-05-06 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Illumination system for transmissive light valve displays |
JPH08136910A (ja) | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-31 | Hitachi Ltd | カラー液晶表示装置およびその製造方法 |
JP3412293B2 (ja) | 1994-11-17 | 2003-06-03 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体ヨーレートセンサおよびその製造方法 |
US5815229A (en) | 1994-11-21 | 1998-09-29 | Proxima Corporation | Microlens imbedded liquid crystal projection panel including thermal insulation layer |
US5474865A (en) | 1994-11-21 | 1995-12-12 | Sematech, Inc. | Globally planarized binary optical mask using buried absorbers |
KR0164463B1 (ko) | 1994-11-25 | 1999-03-20 | 이헌조 | 액정프로젝트의 광학장치 |
JP2916887B2 (ja) | 1994-11-29 | 1999-07-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電子放出素子、電子源、画像形成装置の製造方法 |
TW373116B (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1999-11-01 | Sharp Kk | Lighting apparatus |
US5550373A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1996-08-27 | Honeywell Inc. | Fabry-Perot micro filter-detector |
JP3251452B2 (ja) | 1995-01-31 | 2002-01-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置におけるバックライト装置 |
JP3429384B2 (ja) | 1995-02-03 | 2003-07-22 | 株式会社エンプラス | サイドライト型面光源装置 |
US5650865A (en) | 1995-03-21 | 1997-07-22 | Hughes Electronics | Holographic backlight for flat panel displays |
US5751388A (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1998-05-12 | Honeywell Inc. | High efficiency polarized display |
US5886688A (en) | 1995-06-02 | 1999-03-23 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Integrated solar panel and liquid crystal display for portable computer or the like |
US5835256A (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1998-11-10 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Reflective spatial light modulator with encapsulated micro-mechanical elements |
US6046840A (en) | 1995-06-19 | 2000-04-04 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Double substrate reflective spatial light modulator with self-limiting micro-mechanical elements |
US6712481B2 (en) | 1995-06-27 | 2004-03-30 | Solid State Opto Limited | Light emitting panel assemblies |
WO1997004350A1 (fr) | 1995-07-17 | 1997-02-06 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Dispositif a cristaux liquides couleur a reflexion et appareil electronique utilisant ledit dispositif |
US5877874A (en) | 1995-08-24 | 1999-03-02 | Terrasun L.L.C. | Device for concentrating optical radiation |
US5932309A (en) | 1995-09-28 | 1999-08-03 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Colored articles and compositions and methods for their fabrication |
US5739945A (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1998-04-14 | Tayebati; Parviz | Electrically tunable optical filter utilizing a deformable multi-layer mirror |
US6324192B1 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2001-11-27 | Coretek, Inc. | Electrically tunable fabry-perot structure utilizing a deformable multi-layer mirror and method of making the same |
DE69636941T2 (de) | 1995-11-01 | 2008-01-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma | Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Ausgangsleistung, Projektionsanzeigevorrichtung, Infrarotsensor und berührungsloses Thermometer |
JPH10512377A (ja) | 1995-11-02 | 1998-11-24 | フィリップス エレクトロニクス ネムローゼ フェンノートシャップ | 画像表示装置 |
US7907319B2 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 2011-03-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation |
JP4431196B2 (ja) | 1995-11-06 | 2010-03-10 | アイディーシー エルエルシー | 干渉性変調 |
US5933183A (en) | 1995-12-12 | 1999-08-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Color spatial light modulator and color printer using the same |
JPH09182112A (ja) | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-11 | Sharp Corp | 小型光学系を用いたプロジェクタ装置 |
JP3799092B2 (ja) | 1995-12-29 | 2006-07-19 | アジレント・テクノロジーズ・インク | 光変調装置及びディスプレイ装置 |
US5771321A (en) | 1996-01-04 | 1998-06-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Micromechanical optical switch and flat panel display |
EP0786911B1 (en) | 1996-01-26 | 2003-09-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Autostereoscopic display |
GB2309609A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-07-30 | Sharp Kk | Observer tracking autostereoscopic directional display |
ID15863A (id) | 1996-02-01 | 1997-08-14 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Perangkat sumber cahaya permukaan, dan perangkat tayangan kristal cair, peralatan tayangan tanda serta peralatan tayangan tanda lalu-lintas yang menggunakan perangkat sumber cahaya permukaan tersebut |
US6166834A (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 2000-12-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus and method for forming hologram suitable for the display apparatus |
US6624944B1 (en) | 1996-03-29 | 2003-09-23 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Fluorinated coating for an optical element |
JPH09288993A (ja) | 1996-04-19 | 1997-11-04 | Sharp Corp | 照明装置及びこの照明装置を利用した表示装置 |
JP2865618B2 (ja) | 1996-05-31 | 1999-03-08 | 嶋田プレシジョン株式会社 | 導光板および導光板アセンブリ |
DE19622748A1 (de) | 1996-06-05 | 1997-12-11 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Interferenzfilter auf der Basis von porösem Silicium |
US5751492A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1998-05-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Diffractive/Refractive lenslet array incorporating a second aspheric surface |
US5782993A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-07-21 | Ponewash; Jackie | Photovoltaic cells having micro-embossed optical enhancing structures |
US5771124A (en) | 1996-07-02 | 1998-06-23 | Siliscape | Compact display system with two stage magnification and immersed beam splitter |
KR100213968B1 (ko) | 1996-07-15 | 1999-08-02 | 구자홍 | 액정표시장치 |
FR2751398B1 (fr) | 1996-07-16 | 1998-08-28 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif d'eclairage et application a l'eclairage d'un ecran transmissif |
US5710656A (en) | 1996-07-30 | 1998-01-20 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Micromechanical optical modulator having a reduced-mass composite membrane |
GB2315902A (en) | 1996-08-01 | 1998-02-11 | Sharp Kk | LIquid crystal device |
US5894359A (en) | 1996-08-21 | 1999-04-13 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | Color filter and color display apparatus |
CN1143160C (zh) | 1996-09-23 | 2004-03-24 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | 用于平板图像显示设备的照明系统 |
DE69735732T2 (de) | 1996-09-24 | 2006-09-21 | Seiko Epson Corp. | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und diese verwendende Anzeigevorrichtung |
JP3402138B2 (ja) | 1996-09-27 | 2003-04-28 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 液晶表示装置 |
US5975703A (en) | 1996-09-30 | 1999-11-02 | Digital Optics International | Image projection system |
US5854872A (en) | 1996-10-08 | 1998-12-29 | Clio Technologies, Inc. | Divergent angle rotator system and method for collimating light beams |
US6486862B1 (en) | 1996-10-31 | 2002-11-26 | Kopin Corporation | Card reader display system |
US6094285A (en) | 1996-12-04 | 2000-07-25 | Trw Inc. | All optical RF signal channelizer |
US5868480A (en) | 1996-12-17 | 1999-02-09 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Image projection apparatus for producing an image supplied by parallel transmitted colored light |
GB2321532A (en) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-07-29 | Sharp Kk | Multi-colour reflector device and display |
US5981112A (en) | 1997-01-24 | 1999-11-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of making color filter arrays |
US5783614A (en) | 1997-02-21 | 1998-07-21 | Copytele, Inc. | Polymeric-coated dielectric particles and formulation and method for preparing same |
US5913594A (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1999-06-22 | Iimura; Keiji | Flat panel light source device and passive display device utilizing the light source device |
EP0867747A3 (en) | 1997-03-25 | 1999-03-03 | Sony Corporation | Reflective display device |
US6879354B1 (en) | 1997-03-28 | 2005-04-12 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Front-illuminating device and a reflection-type liquid crystal display using such a device |
JP3231655B2 (ja) | 1997-03-28 | 2001-11-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 前方照明装置およびこれを備えた反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP3364592B2 (ja) | 1998-09-16 | 2003-01-08 | シャープ株式会社 | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
EP0879991A3 (en) | 1997-05-13 | 1999-04-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Illuminating system |
WO1998052094A1 (fr) | 1997-05-14 | 1998-11-19 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Affichage et dispositif electronique comprenant cet affichage |
GB9710062D0 (en) | 1997-05-16 | 1997-07-09 | British Tech Group | Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof |
US6100952A (en) | 1997-06-04 | 2000-08-08 | Korry Electronics Co. | NVG-compatible AMLCD backlight having a ridged prismatic TIR with an embedded diffuser doped with an IR absorbing dye |
JP3787983B2 (ja) | 1997-06-18 | 2006-06-21 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 光スイッチング素子、画像表示装置及び投射装置 |
US5883684A (en) | 1997-06-19 | 1999-03-16 | Three-Five Systems, Inc. | Diffusively reflecting shield optically, coupled to backlit lightguide, containing LED's completely surrounded by the shield |
US6259082B1 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 2001-07-10 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Image reading apparatus |
US6008449A (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1999-12-28 | Cole; Eric D. | Reflective concentrating solar cell assembly |
US6031653A (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2000-02-29 | California Institute Of Technology | Low-cost thin-metal-film interference filters |
FR2769382B1 (fr) | 1997-10-03 | 2000-12-01 | Thomson Multimedia Sa | Systeme d'eclairage arriere pour modulateur electro-optique transmissif utilisant l'effet de polarisation de la lumiere |
US6863428B2 (en) | 1997-10-24 | 2005-03-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light guide illumination device appearing uniform in brightness along its length |
US6088102A (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2000-07-11 | Silicon Light Machines | Display apparatus including grating light-valve array and interferometric optical system |
US6273577B1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2001-08-14 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Light guide plate, surface light source using the light guide plate, and liquid crystal display using the surface light source |
US6285424B1 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 2001-09-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Black mask, color filter and liquid crystal display |
US6028690A (en) | 1997-11-26 | 2000-02-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Reduced micromirror mirror gaps for improved contrast ratio |
FR2772208B1 (fr) * | 1997-12-05 | 2000-02-25 | Sgs Thomson Microelectronics | Dispositif d'alimentation d'une charge non lineaire, notamment un magnetron d'un four a micro-ondes |
US6492065B2 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 2002-12-10 | Victor Company Of Japan, Limited | Hologram color filter, production method of the same hologram color filter and space light modulating apparatus using the same hologram color filter |
US6151089A (en) | 1998-01-20 | 2000-11-21 | Sony Corporation | Reflection type display with light waveguide with inclined and planar surface sections |
US5914804A (en) | 1998-01-28 | 1999-06-22 | Lucent Technologies Inc | Double-cavity micromechanical optical modulator with plural multilayer mirrors |
US6897855B1 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 2005-05-24 | Sarnoff Corporation | Tiled electronic display structure |
US6800378B2 (en) | 1998-02-19 | 2004-10-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Antireflection films for use with displays |
US6195196B1 (en) | 1998-03-13 | 2001-02-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Array-type exposing device and flat type display incorporating light modulator and driving method thereof |
JP3824290B2 (ja) | 1998-05-07 | 2006-09-20 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | アレイ型光変調素子、アレイ型露光素子、及び平面型ディスプレイ、並びにアレイ型光変調素子の駆動方法 |
KR19990074812A (ko) | 1998-03-14 | 1999-10-05 | 윤종용 | 호환형 광픽업장치 |
CN1142597C (zh) | 1998-03-25 | 2004-03-17 | Tdk株式会社 | 太阳能电池组件 |
JP3279265B2 (ja) | 1998-03-26 | 2002-04-30 | 株式会社エム・アール・システム研究所 | 画像表示装置 |
US6167761B1 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2001-01-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. And Hitachi Car Engineering Co., Ltd. | Capacitance type pressure sensor with capacitive elements actuated by a diaphragm |
JP2986773B2 (ja) | 1998-04-01 | 1999-12-06 | 嶋田プレシジョン株式会社 | 点光源用の導光板 |
US6967779B2 (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2005-11-22 | Bright View Technologies, Inc. | Micro-lens array with precisely aligned aperture mask and methods of producing same |
JP4520545B2 (ja) | 1998-04-17 | 2010-08-04 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 反射型液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 |
JP3644476B2 (ja) | 1998-04-30 | 2005-04-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 携帯用電子機器 |
JP3520494B2 (ja) | 1998-05-11 | 2004-04-19 | 日東電工株式会社 | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
US6282010B1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 2001-08-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Anti-reflective coatings for spatial light modulators |
TW386175B (en) | 1998-05-19 | 2000-04-01 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Light reflective panel for reflective liquid crystal panel |
TW412646B (en) | 1998-06-02 | 2000-11-21 | Nissha Printing | Front light-combined touch panel device |
KR100792603B1 (ko) | 1998-06-05 | 2008-01-09 | 세이코 엡슨 가부시키가이샤 | 광원장치 및 표시장치 |
EP1014161B1 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 2001-12-19 | Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. | Reflective liquid crystal display |
US6377535B1 (en) | 1998-07-06 | 2002-04-23 | Read-Rite Corporation | High numerical aperture optical focusing device having a conical incident facet and a parabolic reflector for use in data storage systems |
US6900868B2 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 2005-05-31 | Fujitsu Display Technologies Corporation | Liquid crystal display device |
TW523627B (en) | 1998-07-14 | 2003-03-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
JP2000056226A (ja) | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-25 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 表示・撮像装置 |
GB2340281A (en) | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-16 | Sharp Kk | A reflective liquid crystal display device |
CA2305279C (en) | 1998-08-10 | 2003-02-11 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. | An optical waveguide modulator |
US6034813A (en) | 1998-08-24 | 2000-03-07 | Southwall Technologies, Inc. | Wavelength selective applied films with glare control |
JP2000075287A (ja) | 1998-09-01 | 2000-03-14 | Toshiba Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP2000075293A (ja) | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 照明装置、照明付きタッチパネル及び反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP2000081848A (ja) | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-21 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置を搭載した電子機器 |
US6113239A (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-09-05 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Projection display system for reflective light valves |
EP1114340A1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 2001-07-11 | Digilens Inc. | Holographic illumination system and holographic projection system |
JP3119846B2 (ja) | 1998-09-17 | 2000-12-25 | 恵和株式会社 | 光拡散シート及びこれを用いたバックライトユニット |
JP3259692B2 (ja) | 1998-09-18 | 2002-02-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 集光型太陽光発電モジュール及びその製造方法並びに集光型太陽光発電システム |
EP0992837B1 (en) | 1998-10-05 | 2010-06-16 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co, Ltd. | Reflection type semiconductor display device |
JP2000181367A (ja) | 1998-10-05 | 2000-06-30 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 反射型半導体表示装置 |
US6323834B1 (en) | 1998-10-08 | 2001-11-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Micromechanical displays and fabrication method |
US6199989B1 (en) | 1998-10-29 | 2001-03-13 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Optical plate having reflecting function and transmitting function |
US6288824B1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2001-09-11 | Alex Kastalsky | Display device based on grating electromechanical shutter |
JP2000147262A (ja) | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-26 | Nobuyuki Higuchi | 集光装置及びこれを利用した太陽光発電システム |
TW422346U (en) | 1998-11-17 | 2001-02-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | A reflector device with arc diffusion uint |
JP3563618B2 (ja) * | 1998-11-20 | 2004-09-08 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 照明装置 |
US6208466B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2001-03-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multilayer reflector with selective transmission |
CN1877191B (zh) | 1998-11-27 | 2011-08-17 | 夏普株式会社 | 照明装置 |
JP3871176B2 (ja) | 1998-12-14 | 2007-01-24 | シャープ株式会社 | バックライト装置および液晶表示装置 |
KR100329769B1 (ko) | 1998-12-22 | 2002-07-18 | 박종섭 | 티타늄폴리사이드게이트전극형성방법 |
JP2000193933A (ja) | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 表示装置 |
US6188519B1 (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2001-02-13 | Kenneth Carlisle Johnson | Bigrating light valve |
JP2000214804A (ja) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-08-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光変調素子及び露光装置並びに平面表示装置 |
EP1067424B1 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2009-01-07 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Display device, electronic device and light guide |
US6322236B1 (en) | 1999-02-09 | 2001-11-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical film with defect-reducing surface and method for making same |
US6827456B2 (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2004-12-07 | Solid State Opto Limited | Transreflectors, transreflector systems and displays and methods of making transreflectors |
US20050024849A1 (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2005-02-03 | Parker Jeffery R. | Methods of cutting or forming cavities in a substrate for use in making optical films, components or wave guides |
KR20010043176A (ko) | 1999-03-02 | 2001-05-25 | 모리시타 요이찌 | 조명장치 및 그 조명장치를 구비한 표시장치 |
JP4377984B2 (ja) | 1999-03-10 | 2009-12-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | カラーフィルタとその製造方法、該カラーフィルタを用いた液晶素子 |
US6292504B1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2001-09-18 | Raytheon Company | Dual cavity laser resonator |
JP3471001B2 (ja) | 1999-04-16 | 2003-11-25 | 富士写真光機株式会社 | 照明光学系およびこれを用いた投射型表示装置 |
JP3434465B2 (ja) | 1999-04-22 | 2003-08-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 液晶表示装置用バックライト |
JP3594868B2 (ja) | 1999-04-26 | 2004-12-02 | 日東電工株式会社 | 積層偏光板及び液晶表示装置 |
JP4237331B2 (ja) | 1999-04-26 | 2009-03-11 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 反射型液晶ディスプレイ |
JP3657143B2 (ja) | 1999-04-27 | 2005-06-08 | シャープ株式会社 | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 |
JP3527961B2 (ja) | 1999-04-30 | 2004-05-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | フロントライト型反射液晶表示装置 |
TW477897B (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2002-03-01 | Sharp Kk | Liquid crystal display device, method and device to measure cell thickness of liquid crystal display device, and phase difference plate using the method thereof |
US6323987B1 (en) | 1999-05-14 | 2001-11-27 | Agere Systems Optoelectronics Guardian Corp. | Controlled multi-wavelength etalon |
JP4328919B2 (ja) | 1999-05-21 | 2009-09-09 | 株式会社トプコン | ターゲット装置 |
JP3515426B2 (ja) | 1999-05-28 | 2004-04-05 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 防眩フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
FI107085B (fi) | 1999-05-28 | 2001-05-31 | Ics Intelligent Control System | Valopaneeli |
US6201633B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2001-03-13 | Xerox Corporation | Micro-electromechanical based bistable color display sheets |
GB2350963A (en) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-12-13 | Secr Defence | Holographic Displays |
US6597419B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2003-07-22 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display including filter means with 10-70% transmittance in the selective reflection wavelength range |
JP2001021883A (ja) | 1999-07-06 | 2001-01-26 | Nec Corp | 反射型液晶表示器及び電子機器 |
JP2001035222A (ja) | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-09 | Minebea Co Ltd | 面状照明装置 |
JP2001035225A (ja) | 1999-07-26 | 2001-02-09 | Minebea Co Ltd | 面状照明装置 |
JP2001035230A (ja) | 1999-07-26 | 2001-02-09 | Minebea Co Ltd | 面状照明装置 |
DE19939318A1 (de) | 1999-08-19 | 2001-02-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mikromechanischen Bauelements |
EP1127984A4 (en) | 1999-08-30 | 2004-12-15 | Matsushita Shokai Co Ltd | PLANE LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE AND LIGHT EMITTING GUIDE |
EP1081633A2 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2001-03-07 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Touch panel and display device using the same |
DE19942513A1 (de) | 1999-09-07 | 2001-03-08 | Gerhard Karl | Leuchtkörper für durchleuchtungsfähige Bilder |
US6646772B1 (en) | 1999-09-14 | 2003-11-11 | Digilens, Inc. | Holographic illumination system |
US6448709B1 (en) | 1999-09-15 | 2002-09-10 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Field emission display panel having diode structure and method for fabricating |
GB2354899A (en) | 1999-10-02 | 2001-04-04 | Sharp Kk | Optical device for projection display |
WO2003007049A1 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2003-01-23 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Photonic mems and structures |
JP3457591B2 (ja) | 1999-10-08 | 2003-10-20 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 液晶表示装置 |
US7046905B1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2006-05-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Blacklight with structured surfaces |
US6518944B1 (en) | 1999-10-25 | 2003-02-11 | Kent Displays, Inc. | Combined cholesteric liquid crystal display and solar cell assembly device |
US6549338B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2003-04-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Bandpass filter to reduce thermal impact of dichroic light shift |
JP3659139B2 (ja) | 1999-11-29 | 2005-06-15 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Ram内蔵ドライバ並びにそれを用いた表示ユニットおよび電子機器 |
US6398389B1 (en) | 1999-12-03 | 2002-06-04 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Solid state light source augmentation for SLM display systems |
US6717348B2 (en) | 1999-12-09 | 2004-04-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus |
LT4842B (lt) | 1999-12-10 | 2001-09-25 | Uab "Geola" | Hologramų spausdinimo būdas ir įrenginys |
KR100679095B1 (ko) | 1999-12-10 | 2007-02-05 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 미세 광변조기를 이용한 투과형 표시소자 |
JP3987257B2 (ja) | 1999-12-10 | 2007-10-03 | ローム株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
JP3524831B2 (ja) | 1999-12-15 | 2004-05-10 | シャープ株式会社 | 反射型および透過型液晶表示装置 |
US6221687B1 (en) | 1999-12-23 | 2001-04-24 | Tower Semiconductor Ltd. | Color image sensor with embedded microlens array |
JP2001188230A (ja) | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US6466358B2 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2002-10-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Analog pulse width modulation cell for digital micromechanical device |
US6519073B1 (en) | 2000-01-10 | 2003-02-11 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Micromechanical modulator and methods for fabricating the same |
US6747801B2 (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2004-06-08 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Optical film and liquid-crystal display device |
JP2001194534A (ja) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | 導光板及びその製造方法 |
WO2001051849A1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2001-07-19 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Display device |
JP4614400B2 (ja) | 2000-01-17 | 2011-01-19 | 日東電工株式会社 | 有機el発光装置、偏光面光源装置及び液晶表示装置 |
JP5112588B2 (ja) | 2000-01-25 | 2013-01-09 | ザイゴ コーポレーション | 精密工業部品の形状および幾何学的寸法を測定するための方法並びに装置 |
JP4609962B2 (ja) | 2000-02-02 | 2011-01-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学フィルム |
JP2001215501A (ja) | 2000-02-02 | 2001-08-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 照明装置および液晶表示装置 |
JP4442836B2 (ja) | 2000-02-02 | 2010-03-31 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学フィルム |
DE10004972A1 (de) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Anzeigevorrichtung |
TWI293703B (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2008-02-21 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Tec | shaped member, reflector, and reflective-type display element, and method of producing reflector |
JP4015342B2 (ja) | 2000-03-03 | 2007-11-28 | ローム株式会社 | 照明装置およびこれを備えた液晶表示装置 |
JP2001267592A (ja) | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-28 | Nikon Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法、背面入射型受光装置の製造方法、半導体装置、及び背面入射型受光装置 |
JP2001283622A (ja) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 照明装置及び反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP4856805B2 (ja) | 2000-03-31 | 2012-01-18 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 光学積層体 |
JP3301752B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-07-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | フロントライト、反射型液晶表示装置および携帯情報端末 |
JP2001297615A (ja) | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-26 | Keiwa Inc | 光学シート及びこれを用いたバックライトユニット |
US6400738B1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2002-06-04 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Tunable Fabry-Perot filters and lasers |
TW516328B (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2003-01-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Illumination device, picture display device using the same, liquid crystal television, liquid crystal monitor and liquid crystal information terminal equipment |
WO2001081994A1 (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-01 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Electrooptic device, projection type display and method for manufacturing electrooptic device |
AU5561701A (en) | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-07 | Honeywell Int Inc | Hollow cavity light guide for the distribution of collimated light to a liquid crystal display |
JP2002014344A (ja) | 2000-04-28 | 2002-01-18 | Minolta Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US20010055076A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2001-12-27 | Keizou Ochi | Reflective liquid crystal display apparatus |
JP4197572B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-12 | 2008-12-17 | 日東電工株式会社 | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP4560890B2 (ja) | 2000-05-16 | 2010-10-13 | 東レ株式会社 | 積層光拡散性フィルムの製造方法 |
US6480634B1 (en) | 2000-05-18 | 2002-11-12 | Silicon Light Machines | Image projector including optical fiber which couples laser illumination to light modulator |
EP1287288A1 (en) | 2000-05-19 | 2003-03-05 | Stichting Dutch Polymer Institute | Polarized light-emitting waveguide plate |
US6864882B2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2005-03-08 | Next Holdings Limited | Protected touch panel display system |
JP2001343514A (ja) | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-14 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | ホログラムカラーフィルタ |
JP2001345458A (ja) | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-14 | Kyocera Corp | 太陽電池 |
US6598987B1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2003-07-29 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Method and apparatus for distributing light to the user interface of an electronic device |
KR100758157B1 (ko) | 2000-06-15 | 2007-09-12 | 데이진 가부시키가이샤 | 광 확산판용 이축배향 폴리에스테르 필름 및 광 확산판 |
JP2001356701A (ja) | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-26 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光学素子、光源ユニットおよび表示装置 |
WO2003002908A1 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2003-01-09 | Reveo, Inc. | Backlight for a liquid crystal display having high light-recycling efficiency |
KR20020001594A (ko) | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-09 | 가마이 고로 | 도광판, 면광원 장치 및 반사형 액정 표시 장치 |
JP2002071965A (ja) | 2000-08-29 | 2002-03-12 | Nitto Denko Corp | 導光板、面光源装置及び反射型液晶表示装置 |
US7583335B2 (en) | 2000-06-27 | 2009-09-01 | Citizen Holdings Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device |
FR2811139B1 (fr) | 2000-06-29 | 2003-10-17 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Dispositif optoelectronique a filtrage de longueur d'onde integre |
JP3774616B2 (ja) | 2000-06-29 | 2006-05-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 照明装置及び導光板の製造方法 |
JP2002023155A (ja) | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-23 | Nitto Denko Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP3700078B2 (ja) | 2000-07-11 | 2005-09-28 | ミネベア株式会社 | 面状照明装置 |
JP2002025326A (ja) | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-25 | Seiko Epson Corp | 光源装置、照明装置、液晶装置及び電子機器 |
US6677709B1 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2004-01-13 | General Electric Company | Micro electromechanical system controlled organic led and pixel arrays and method of using and of manufacturing same |
WO2002006858A2 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2002-01-24 | Optaglio Limited | Achromatic diffractive device |
JP3773818B2 (ja) | 2000-07-19 | 2006-05-10 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 棒状導光体及びそれを用いた線状照明装置並びにこの線状照明装置を用いた面状照明装置 |
US6565225B2 (en) | 2000-07-19 | 2003-05-20 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Bar-shaped light guide, beam lighting device using the bar-shaped light guide, and surface lighting device using the beam lighting device |
JP4460732B2 (ja) | 2000-07-21 | 2010-05-12 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 平面表示装置および露光装置 |
JP2002124113A (ja) | 2000-07-21 | 2002-04-26 | Hayashi Telempu Co Ltd | 面照明装置 |
JP2002108227A (ja) | 2000-07-26 | 2002-04-10 | Bridgestone Corp | フロントライト及び液晶表示装置 |
JP2002042525A (ja) | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-08 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | 面状光源 |
KR20020010322A (ko) | 2000-07-29 | 2002-02-04 | 구본준, 론 위라하디락사 | 멤스(mems)를 이용한 투과형 디스플레이 장치 |
JP4467840B2 (ja) | 2000-07-31 | 2010-05-26 | 東芝モバイルディスプレイ株式会社 | 照明装置、及び導光板の製造方法 |
WO2002014740A1 (fr) | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Illuminateur, afficheur d'image, ecran a cristaux liquides, televiseur a cristaux liquides, terminal d'information a cristaux liquides, et procede de fabrication de plaque guide optique |
US6795605B1 (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2004-09-21 | Cheetah Omni, Llc | Micromechanical optical switch |
JP2002062505A (ja) | 2000-08-14 | 2002-02-28 | Canon Inc | 投影型表示装置及びそれに用いる干渉性変調素子 |
US6570681B1 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2003-05-27 | Actuality Systems, Inc. | System and method for dynamic optical switching using a diffractive optical element |
JP2002072284A (ja) | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-12 | Canon Inc | 光量調節装置、レンズ装置および撮像装置 |
US6643069B2 (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2003-11-04 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | SLM-base color projection display having multiple SLM's and multiple projection lenses |
JP2002075037A (ja) | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-15 | Minebea Co Ltd | 面状照明装置 |
JP4945861B2 (ja) | 2000-09-05 | 2012-06-06 | 株式会社ニコン | 熱型変位素子及びこれを用いた放射検出装置 |
JP4053220B2 (ja) | 2000-09-06 | 2008-02-27 | スガツネ工業株式会社 | 回動抵抗調整可能なトルクヒンジ |
JP3394025B2 (ja) | 2000-09-13 | 2003-04-07 | 嶋田プレシジョン株式会社 | フロントライト導光板 |
US6792293B1 (en) | 2000-09-13 | 2004-09-14 | Motorola, Inc. | Apparatus and method for orienting an image on a display of a wireless communication device |
US6538813B1 (en) | 2000-09-19 | 2003-03-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Display screen with metallized tapered waveguides |
US6466354B1 (en) | 2000-09-19 | 2002-10-15 | Silicon Light Machines | Method and apparatus for interferometric modulation of light |
JP3561685B2 (ja) | 2000-09-20 | 2004-09-02 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 線状光源装置及びそれを用いた照明装置 |
KR100867066B1 (ko) | 2000-09-25 | 2008-11-04 | 미츠비시 레이온 가부시키가이샤 | 면 광원 장치 |
CN1811549A (zh) | 2000-09-25 | 2006-08-02 | 三菱丽阳株式会社 | 一种光源装置 |
US6778513B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2004-08-17 | Arraycomm, Inc. | Method and apparatus for separting multiple users in a shared-channel communication system |
JP4371290B2 (ja) | 2000-10-19 | 2009-11-25 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | ホログラム導光板 |
US6493475B1 (en) | 2000-10-19 | 2002-12-10 | Tellium, Inc. | Monolithic integration of signal-monitoring scheme in an optical switch |
US7072086B2 (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2006-07-04 | Batchko Robert G | Digital focus lens system |
JP2002139630A (ja) | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-17 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 導光板およびその製造方法、面発光装置並びに液晶表示装置 |
EP1202099A3 (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2003-04-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Electrostatic actuator and camera module using the same |
JP4374482B2 (ja) | 2000-11-02 | 2009-12-02 | ミネベア株式会社 | 面状照明装置 |
US6556338B2 (en) | 2000-11-03 | 2003-04-29 | Intpax, Inc. | MEMS based variable optical attenuator (MBVOA) |
JP2002148615A (ja) | 2000-11-08 | 2002-05-22 | Nitto Denko Corp | 光学フィルム及び反射型液晶表示装置 |
US6580496B2 (en) | 2000-11-09 | 2003-06-17 | Canesta, Inc. | Systems for CMOS-compatible three-dimensional image sensing using quantum efficiency modulation |
US6643067B2 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2003-11-04 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus |
JP2002174780A (ja) | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-21 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 反射型カラー表示器 |
JP2002184223A (ja) | 2000-12-14 | 2002-06-28 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 面発光装置及びその製造方法並びに液晶表示装置 |
US7164224B2 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2007-01-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Backlight having discharge tube, reflector and heat conduction member contacting discharge tube |
JP4266551B2 (ja) | 2000-12-14 | 2009-05-20 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 面光源システムおよびそれに用いる光偏向素子 |
IL140318A0 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2002-02-10 | Planop Planar Optics Ltd | Compact dynamic crossbar switch by means of planar optics |
JP3551310B2 (ja) | 2000-12-20 | 2004-08-04 | ミネベア株式会社 | 表示装置用タッチパネル |
JP4361206B2 (ja) | 2000-12-21 | 2009-11-11 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学フィルム及び液晶表示装置 |
KR100358181B1 (ko) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-10-25 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 열광학 가변 광감쇄기 |
US20040141108A1 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2004-07-22 | Hideyuki Tanaka | Light guiding plate and liquid crystal display device with the light guiding plate |
JP4074977B2 (ja) | 2001-02-02 | 2008-04-16 | ミネベア株式会社 | 面状照明装置 |
US6636653B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2003-10-21 | Teravicta Technologies, Inc. | Integrated optical micro-electromechanical systems and methods of fabricating and operating the same |
JP2002229023A (ja) | 2001-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | Rohm Co Ltd | カラー液晶表示装置 |
US6925313B2 (en) | 2001-02-07 | 2005-08-02 | Hyundai Curitel Inc. | Folder-type mobile communication terminal having double-sided LCD |
JP4476505B2 (ja) | 2001-02-09 | 2010-06-09 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
KR100377359B1 (ko) | 2001-02-14 | 2003-03-26 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 영상표시장치의 조명광학계 |
JP2002245835A (ja) | 2001-02-15 | 2002-08-30 | Minolta Co Ltd | 照明装置、表示装置、及び電子機器 |
GB0105781D0 (en) | 2001-03-08 | 2001-04-25 | Dyson Ltd | Wand assembly for a vacuum cleaner |
US6700695B2 (en) | 2001-03-14 | 2004-03-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microstructured segmented electrode film for electronic displays |
EP1241514A3 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2003-09-10 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Liquid-crystal display apparatus |
JP3888075B2 (ja) | 2001-03-23 | 2007-02-28 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 光スイッチング素子、光スイッチングデバイス、および画像表示装置 |
JP3713596B2 (ja) | 2001-03-26 | 2005-11-09 | ミネベア株式会社 | 面状照明装置 |
JP2002297044A (ja) | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-09 | Toshiba Corp | 狭視野角モバイルディスプレイ、それに用いるフィルターの製造方法、および携帯端末装置 |
US6630786B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2003-10-07 | Candescent Technologies Corporation | Light-emitting device having light-reflective layer formed with, or/and adjacent to, material that enhances device performance |
US6592234B2 (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2003-07-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Frontlit display |
US6678026B2 (en) | 2001-04-10 | 2004-01-13 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Liquid crystal device and electronic apparatus |
JP3686348B2 (ja) | 2001-04-10 | 2005-08-24 | 株式会社巴川製紙所 | 光学フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
US6552842B2 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2003-04-22 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Reflective coherent spatial light modulator |
JP2002313121A (ja) | 2001-04-16 | 2002-10-25 | Nitto Denko Corp | タッチパネル付照明装置及び反射型液晶表示装置 |
US6660997B2 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2003-12-09 | Creo Srl | Absolute position Moiré type encoder for use in a control system |
JP2002328313A (ja) | 2001-05-01 | 2002-11-15 | Sony Corp | 光スイッチング素子およびその製造方法、並びに画像表示装置 |
GB2375184A (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-11-06 | Marconi Caswell Ltd | Wavelength selectable optical filter |
JP2002333618A (ja) | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-22 | Nitto Denko Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
US7001058B2 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2006-02-21 | Ben-Zion Inditsky | Ultra-thin backlight |
US6583876B2 (en) | 2001-05-24 | 2003-06-24 | Therma-Wave, Inc. | Apparatus for optical measurements of nitrogen concentration in thin films |
JP2002350840A (ja) | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-04 | Hitachi Ltd | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP2002357717A (ja) | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-13 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 波長選択素子およびそれを備えた光表示装置 |
JP4049267B2 (ja) | 2001-06-01 | 2008-02-20 | フィリップス ルミレッズ ライティング カンパニー リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | コンパクトな照明システムとディスプレイデバイス |
JP2002365438A (ja) | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-18 | Mark:Kk | 線状導光体およびそれを用いたディスプレイ装置ならびに電子装置、線状導光体の製造方法 |
US7068948B2 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2006-06-27 | Gazillion Bits, Inc. | Generation of optical signals with return-to-zero format |
US6961045B2 (en) | 2001-06-16 | 2005-11-01 | Che-Chih Tsao | Pattern projection techniques for volumetric 3D displays and 2D displays |
GB0114862D0 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2001-08-08 | Secr Defence | Image replication system |
JP2003007114A (ja) | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-10 | Sharp Corp | フロントライトおよびそれを用いた反射型表示装置 |
US20030001985A1 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-02 | Steve Doe | Electronic display |
JP4526223B2 (ja) | 2001-06-29 | 2010-08-18 | シャープ株式会社 | 配線部材ならびに太陽電池モジュールおよびその製造方法 |
WO2003004931A2 (en) | 2001-06-30 | 2003-01-16 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | Backlight using planar hologram for flat display device |
JP3760810B2 (ja) | 2001-07-06 | 2006-03-29 | ソニー株式会社 | 光変調素子、glvデバイス、及びレーザディスプレイ |
JP2003021821A (ja) | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-24 | Toshiba Corp | 液晶ユニットおよびその駆動方法 |
JP2003031017A (ja) | 2001-07-13 | 2003-01-31 | Minebea Co Ltd | 面状照明装置 |
JP3959678B2 (ja) | 2001-07-13 | 2007-08-15 | ミネベア株式会社 | 表示装置用タッチパネル |
US6478432B1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-11-12 | Chad D. Dyner | Dynamically generated interactive real imaging device |
US6594059B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2003-07-15 | Axsun Technologies, Inc. | Tilt mirror fabry-perot filter system, fabrication process therefor, and method of operation thereof |
JP3909812B2 (ja) | 2001-07-19 | 2007-04-25 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 表示素子及び露光素子 |
US7263268B2 (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2007-08-28 | Ben-Zion Inditsky | Ultra thin radiation management and distribution systems with hybrid optical waveguide |
TWI225916B (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2005-01-01 | Nissen Kagaku Kk | Planar lighting device |
JP4213897B2 (ja) | 2001-08-07 | 2009-01-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | マイクロレンズアレイの転写原型の製造方法 |
JP2003057652A (ja) | 2001-08-20 | 2003-02-26 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | 画像表示装置,照明装置 |
JP2003057653A (ja) | 2001-08-21 | 2003-02-26 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2003066236A (ja) | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-05 | Nitto Denko Corp | 導光板、偏光面光源装置及び反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP2003066451A (ja) | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP4671562B2 (ja) | 2001-08-31 | 2011-04-20 | 富士通株式会社 | 照明装置及び液晶表示装置 |
KR100432490B1 (ko) | 2001-09-17 | 2004-05-22 | (주)니트 젠 | 광학식 지문취득 장치 |
TW574586B (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2004-02-01 | Optrex Kk | Liquid crystal display element |
WO2003028059A1 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-03 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Mems switches and methods of making same |
JP3928395B2 (ja) | 2001-09-21 | 2007-06-13 | オムロン株式会社 | 面光源装置 |
JP4050119B2 (ja) | 2001-10-02 | 2008-02-20 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
KR20030029769A (ko) | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-16 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 광 누설방지용 금속층이 형성된 액정표시소자 |
CN1270500C (zh) | 2001-10-16 | 2006-08-16 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 具有可拆卸的前面元件的电子设备 |
JP4001736B2 (ja) | 2001-10-23 | 2007-10-31 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 面発光装置及び液晶表示装置 |
JP2003202568A (ja) | 2001-10-24 | 2003-07-18 | Sharp Corp | 導光体およびその製造方法、面状光源装置、表示装置 |
JP2003131215A (ja) | 2001-10-29 | 2003-05-08 | Optrex Corp | 反射型表示装置 |
US6870581B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2005-03-22 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Single panel color video projection display using reflective banded color falling-raster illumination |
US6636285B2 (en) | 2001-11-01 | 2003-10-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Reflective liquid crystal display with improved contrast |
JP2003140118A (ja) | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-14 | Nec Access Technica Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
EP1461656A2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2004-09-29 | Keyotee | Apparatus for image projection |
CN101446773A (zh) | 2001-11-07 | 2009-06-03 | 应用材料有限公司 | 无掩膜光子电子点格栅阵列光刻机 |
JP3828402B2 (ja) | 2001-11-08 | 2006-10-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 背面照明装置およびこれを用いた液晶表示装置並びに液晶表示装置の照明方法 |
KR100827962B1 (ko) | 2001-11-08 | 2008-05-08 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치 및 그의 제조 방법 |
KR100774256B1 (ko) | 2001-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치 |
JP2003147351A (ja) | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-21 | Taiwan Lite On Electronics Inc | 白色光光源の製作方法 |
US7128459B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2006-10-31 | Nidec Copal Corporation | Light-guide plate and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2003149642A (ja) | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-21 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 液晶用フロントライト |
JP2003151331A (ja) | 2001-11-15 | 2003-05-23 | Minebea Co Ltd | 面状照明装置 |
JP2003149643A (ja) | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-21 | Goyo Paper Working Co Ltd | 液晶表示用フロントライト |
KR100440405B1 (ko) | 2001-11-19 | 2004-07-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 더블 버퍼링을 이용한 화상 데이터 출력 제어장치 |
US20030095401A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-22 | Palm, Inc. | Non-visible light display illumination system and method |
US6802614B2 (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2004-10-12 | Robert C. Haldiman | System, method and apparatus for ambient video projection |
JP3801032B2 (ja) | 2001-11-29 | 2006-07-26 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光源とこの光源を用いた液晶表示装置 |
JP2003167500A (ja) | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-13 | Art Nau:Kk | ホログラム作成方法 |
JP2003167132A (ja) | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-13 | Toyota Industries Corp | フロントライト用楔型導光板 |
US7253853B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2007-08-07 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display and lighting unit having parabolic surface |
JP2003173713A (ja) | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-20 | Rohm Co Ltd | 照明装置および液晶表示装置 |
JP2003177336A (ja) | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光変調素子及び光変調素子アレイ並びにそれを用いた露光装置 |
US7872394B1 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2011-01-18 | Joseph E Ford | MEMS device with two axes comb drive actuators |
JP3683212B2 (ja) | 2001-12-14 | 2005-08-17 | Necアクセステクニカ株式会社 | 携帯電話機 |
US7072096B2 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2006-07-04 | Digital Optics International, Corporation | Uniform illumination system |
JP2003186008A (ja) | 2001-12-14 | 2003-07-03 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | フロントライト用シートおよびそれを用いたディスプレイ装置 |
EP1554623A2 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2005-07-20 | Actuality Systems, Inc. | A radiation conditioning system |
US7515336B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2009-04-07 | Bose Corporation | Selective reflecting |
JP3893421B2 (ja) | 2001-12-27 | 2007-03-14 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光変調素子及び光変調素子アレイ並びにそれを用いた露光装置 |
US6998196B2 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2006-02-14 | Wavefront Technology | Diffractive optical element and method of manufacture |
US6577429B1 (en) | 2002-01-15 | 2003-06-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Laser projection display system |
US20030136759A1 (en) | 2002-01-18 | 2003-07-24 | Cabot Microelectronics Corp. | Microlens array fabrication using CMP |
ATE409833T1 (de) * | 2002-01-25 | 2008-10-15 | Tpo Hong Kong Holding Ltd | Anzeigevorrichtung |
JP4039551B2 (ja) | 2002-01-29 | 2008-01-30 | シチズン電子株式会社 | 蛍光体色度補正板 |
JP4162900B2 (ja) | 2002-02-05 | 2008-10-08 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 照明装置及び液晶表示装置 |
US7203002B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2007-04-10 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Polarizer, polarizing plate, liquid crystal display, and image display, and a method for producing the polarizer |
US6794119B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2004-09-21 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Method for fabricating a structure for a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device |
JP2003248181A (ja) | 2002-02-25 | 2003-09-05 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 反射型空間光変調装置 |
US7125121B2 (en) | 2002-02-25 | 2006-10-24 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image display apparatus |
JP2003322824A (ja) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-11-14 | Namco Ltd | 立体視映像表示装置および電子機器 |
US6574033B1 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-06-03 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Microelectromechanical systems device and method for fabricating same |
JP2003255338A (ja) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
US7283112B2 (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2007-10-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Reflective microelectrical mechanical structure (MEMS) optical modulator and optical display system |
US7372510B2 (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2008-05-13 | Planar Systems, Inc. | Reflection resistant touch screens |
JP2003255344A (ja) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-10 | Citizen Electronics Co Ltd | カラー液晶表示装置のフロントライト |
US7588361B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2009-09-15 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Illumination system combining diffuse homogeneous lighting with direct spot illumination |
JP3773865B2 (ja) | 2002-03-06 | 2006-05-10 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 導光板および表示装置 |
WO2003076986A1 (en) | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-18 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Display device comprising a light guide |
CN101261339A (zh) | 2002-03-14 | 2008-09-10 | 日本电气株式会社 | 光调制显示器件、其制作方法以及装有此光调制显示器件的显示装置 |
US7145143B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2006-12-05 | Honeywell International Inc. | Tunable sensor |
EP1489440A4 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2007-02-07 | Nikon Corp | OPTICAL BENDING ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE AND OPTICAL ESTABLISHMENT |
US6768555B2 (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2004-07-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Fabry-Perot filter apparatus with enhanced optical discrimination |
US6965468B2 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-11-15 | Reflectivity, Inc | Micromirror array having reduced gap between adjacent micromirrors of the micromirror array |
JP2003295183A (ja) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-15 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置の平面照明装置 |
TW554211B (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2003-09-21 | Au Optronics Corp | Light guiding plate of controlling light emission angle and its liquid crystal display apparatus |
KR20030081662A (ko) | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이중층 반사방지막이 형성된 태양전지 |
JP2003315560A (ja) | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Yuka Denshi Co Ltd | 導光体及びこれを用いた面光源装置と液晶ディスプレイ装置 |
JP2003315694A (ja) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 画像表示素子及びこれを用いた画像表示装置 |
GB2388236A (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2003-11-05 | Cambridge Display Tech Ltd | Display and driver circuits |
US6717650B2 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2004-04-06 | Anvik Corporation | Maskless lithography with sub-pixel resolution |
US6801281B2 (en) | 2002-05-06 | 2004-10-05 | University Of Central Florida | Single cell gap transflective liquid crystal display with slanted reflector above transmissive pixels |
JP2003322852A (ja) | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-14 | Nitto Denko Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置及び光学フィルム |
DE10221301B4 (de) | 2002-05-14 | 2004-07-29 | Junghans Uhren Gmbh | Vorrichtung mit Solarzellenanordnung und Flüssigkristallanzeige |
US6689949B2 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2004-02-10 | United Innovations, Inc. | Concentrating photovoltaic cavity converters for extreme solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies |
KR100433229B1 (ko) | 2002-05-17 | 2004-05-28 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 액정표시장치 및 그 제조방법 |
US6862141B2 (en) | 2002-05-20 | 2005-03-01 | General Electric Company | Optical substrate and method of making |
JP4123415B2 (ja) | 2002-05-20 | 2008-07-23 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
JP2003344881A (ja) | 2002-05-22 | 2003-12-03 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 電気泳動表示装置 |
US7010212B2 (en) | 2002-05-28 | 2006-03-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multifunctional optical assembly |
JP4170677B2 (ja) | 2002-06-07 | 2008-10-22 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 光源装置及びディスプレイ |
JP4048844B2 (ja) | 2002-06-17 | 2008-02-20 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 面光源及びそれを用いた表示装置 |
GB2389960A (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-24 | Suisse Electronique Microtech | Four-tap demodulation pixel |
US6829258B1 (en) | 2002-06-26 | 2004-12-07 | Silicon Light Machines, Inc. | Rapidly tunable external cavity laser |
DE10228946B4 (de) | 2002-06-28 | 2004-08-26 | Universität Bremen | Optischer Modulator, Display, Verwendung eines optischen Modulators und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optischen Modulators |
JP3977169B2 (ja) | 2002-07-01 | 2007-09-19 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 携帯端末機器 |
US6741377B2 (en) | 2002-07-02 | 2004-05-25 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Device having a light-absorbing mask and a method for fabricating same |
US7019734B2 (en) | 2002-07-17 | 2006-03-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Resistive touch sensor having microstructured conductive layer |
US6738194B1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-05-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Resonance tunable optical filter |
KR100828531B1 (ko) | 2002-07-26 | 2008-05-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치 |
US7019876B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2006-03-28 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Micro-mirror with rotor structure |
TWI343376B (en) | 2002-07-31 | 2011-06-11 | Du Pont | Method for preparing 3-halo-4, 5-dihydro-1h-pyrazoles |
JP2004062099A (ja) | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-26 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 視認性向上シートおよびこれを用いたディスプレイおよび透過型投影スクリーン |
WO2004015489A1 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2004-02-19 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Display device with light guiding substrate |
TWI266106B (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2006-11-11 | Sanyo Electric Co | Display device with a plurality of display panels |
US7151532B2 (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2006-12-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multifunctional multilayer optical film |
JP4126210B2 (ja) | 2002-08-09 | 2008-07-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 液晶表示装置 |
KR100850589B1 (ko) | 2002-08-19 | 2008-08-05 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | 프린지 필드 스위칭 모드 액정 디스플레이 장치 |
JP2004078613A (ja) | 2002-08-19 | 2004-03-11 | Fujitsu Ltd | タッチパネル装置 |
JP4141766B2 (ja) | 2002-08-23 | 2008-08-27 | 富士通株式会社 | 照明装置及び液晶表示装置 |
JP4076214B2 (ja) | 2002-08-29 | 2008-04-16 | シチズン電子株式会社 | 両面発光照明ユニット |
CN1678866A (zh) | 2002-08-30 | 2005-10-05 | 日立化成工业株式会社 | 导光板及背光装置 |
US7106509B2 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2006-09-12 | Colorlink, Inc. | Filter for enhancing vision and/or protecting the eyes and method of making a filter |
JP4057871B2 (ja) | 2002-09-19 | 2008-03-05 | 東芝松下ディスプレイテクノロジー株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
JP4440523B2 (ja) | 2002-09-19 | 2010-03-24 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | インクジェット法による有機el表示装置及びカラーフィルターの製造方法、製造装置 |
JP2004133430A (ja) | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-30 | Sony Corp | 表示素子、表示装置、及びマイクロレンズアレイ |
KR100983484B1 (ko) | 2002-09-20 | 2010-09-27 | 허니웰 인터내셔널 인코포레이티드 | 고효율 뷰잉 스크린 |
JP2004126196A (ja) | 2002-10-02 | 2004-04-22 | Toshiba Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
US7406245B2 (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2008-07-29 | Lumitex, Inc. | Flat optical fiber light emitters |
KR100883096B1 (ko) | 2002-10-05 | 2009-02-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 광학 부재, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 이용한 액정표시장치 |
TW573170B (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2004-01-21 | Toppoly Optoelectronics Corp | Dual-sided display liquid crystal panel |
TW557363B (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2003-10-11 | Optimax Tech Corp | Anti-glare film |
JP4130115B2 (ja) | 2002-10-16 | 2008-08-06 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 照明装置、及び液晶表示装置 |
AU2003286480A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2004-05-04 | Trivium Technologies, Inc. | Light control device and methods of making same |
US6747785B2 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2004-06-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | MEMS-actuated color light modulator and methods |
JP4077297B2 (ja) | 2002-10-25 | 2008-04-16 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 表示装置及び携帯型情報端末機器 |
US7370185B2 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2008-05-06 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Self-packaged optical interference display device having anti-stiction bumps, integral micro-lens, and reflection-absorbing layers |
TW200413776A (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2004-08-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Display element and display using the same |
CN1736111B (zh) | 2002-11-07 | 2010-10-06 | 索尼德国有限责任公司 | 投影系统用的照明装置 |
TW547670U (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2003-08-11 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Backlight system and its light guide plate |
US7063449B2 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2006-06-20 | Element Labs, Inc. | Light emitting diode (LED) picture element |
TWI252938B (en) | 2002-11-22 | 2006-04-11 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Light guide plate and backlight system using the same |
US6844959B2 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2005-01-18 | Reflectivity, Inc | Spatial light modulators with light absorbing areas |
JP4140499B2 (ja) | 2002-11-29 | 2008-08-27 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 通信端末、及び、プログラム |
US6811274B2 (en) | 2002-12-04 | 2004-11-02 | General Electric Company | Polarization sensitive optical substrate |
US7639916B2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2009-12-29 | Orec, Advanced Illumination Solutions Inc. | Flexible optical device |
JP2004199006A (ja) | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-15 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | 集光基板及びこれを用いた表示装置並びにその製造方法 |
TWI289708B (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2007-11-11 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc | Optical interference type color display |
JP3983166B2 (ja) | 2002-12-26 | 2007-09-26 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学素子及びこれを用いた偏光面光源並びにこれを用いた表示装置 |
JP2004212673A (ja) | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 平面表示素子及びその駆動方法 |
TW594155B (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2004-06-21 | Prime View Int Corp Ltd | Optical interference type color display and optical interference modulator |
KR100624408B1 (ko) | 2003-01-07 | 2006-09-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 백라이트 유닛 |
KR100506088B1 (ko) | 2003-01-14 | 2005-08-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 액정표시장치 |
JP2004219843A (ja) | 2003-01-16 | 2004-08-05 | Seiko Epson Corp | 光変調器、表示装置及びその製造方法 |
US6930816B2 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2005-08-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Spatial light modulator, spatial light modulator array, image forming device and flat panel display |
US7042444B2 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2006-05-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | OLED display and touch screen |
US6871982B2 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2005-03-29 | Digital Optics International Corporation | High-density illumination system |
CN1742304A (zh) | 2003-01-28 | 2006-03-01 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 用于具有多于三种原色的显示器的最佳子像素排列 |
TW557395B (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-10-11 | Yen Sun Technology Corp | Optical interference type reflection panel and the manufacturing method thereof |
TW200413810A (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-08-01 | Prime View Int Co Ltd | Light interference display panel and its manufacturing method |
TW577549U (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2004-02-21 | Toppoly Optoelectronics Corp | Back light module for flat display device |
KR100720426B1 (ko) | 2003-02-18 | 2007-05-22 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 백라이트 유닛 |
JP2004253199A (ja) | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-09 | Toyota Industries Corp | 面状発光装置、その製造方法、及び液晶表示装置 |
TW200417806A (en) | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-16 | Prime View Int Corp Ltd | A structure of a light-incidence electrode of an optical interference display plate |
US6844953B2 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2005-01-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Micro-mirror device including dielectrophoretic liquid |
US7064875B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2006-06-20 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Optical recording apparatus and optical recording/reproducing apparatus |
US20040188150A1 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-09-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High transparency touch screen |
JP4294992B2 (ja) | 2003-03-31 | 2009-07-15 | シャープ株式会社 | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
DE10314525A1 (de) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-11-04 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und Beleuchtungsvorrichtung |
US20050120553A1 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-09 | Brown Dirk D. | Method for forming MEMS grid array connector |
US7382360B2 (en) | 2003-04-15 | 2008-06-03 | Synaptics Incorporated | Methods and systems for changing the appearance of a position sensor with a light effect |
KR100506092B1 (ko) | 2003-04-16 | 2005-08-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 측면 발광형 백라이트 장치의 도광판 및 이를 채용한 측면발광형 백라이트 장치 |
KR20040090667A (ko) | 2003-04-18 | 2004-10-26 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 디스플레이용 라이트 유닛 |
TWI226504B (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2005-01-11 | Prime View Int Co Ltd | A structure of an interference display cell |
JP3918765B2 (ja) | 2003-04-21 | 2007-05-23 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液晶表示装置および電子機器 |
TW567355B (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-12-21 | Prime View Int Co Ltd | An interference display cell and fabrication method thereof |
US7072093B2 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2006-07-04 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Optical interference pixel display with charge control |
JP3829819B2 (ja) | 2003-05-08 | 2006-10-04 | ソニー株式会社 | ホログラフィックステレオグラム作成装置 |
JP2004361914A (ja) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-12-24 | Omron Corp | フロントライト、反射型表示装置及びフロントライトにおける光制御方法 |
US7557935B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2009-07-07 | Itzhak Baruch | Optical coordinate input device comprising few elements |
WO2004106983A2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Optical Research Associates | Illumination in optical systems |
CN100380148C (zh) | 2003-05-22 | 2008-04-09 | 日立化成工业株式会社 | 光学膜及使用了它的面光源装置 |
US6811267B1 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2004-11-02 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Display system with nonvisible data projection |
JP4222117B2 (ja) | 2003-06-17 | 2009-02-12 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | カラーフィルタアレイ及びその製造方法、表示装置、投射型表示装置 |
US7268840B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2007-09-11 | Citizen Holdings Co., Ltd. | Display device employing light control member and display device manufacturing method |
US20050024890A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2005-02-03 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Light guide plate, surface light-emitting unit, and liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2007027150A (ja) | 2003-06-23 | 2007-02-01 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 集光型光発電システム |
US6822780B1 (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2004-11-23 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Vertically stacked spatial light modulator with multi-bit phase resolution |
US6917469B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2005-07-12 | Japan Acryace Co., Ltd. | Light diffusing laminated plate |
DE10329917B4 (de) | 2003-07-02 | 2005-12-22 | Schott Ag | Beschichtetes Abdeckglas für Photovoltaik-Module |
US6980347B2 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-12-27 | Reflectivity, Inc | Micromirror having reduced space between hinge and mirror plate of the micromirror |
WO2005008378A2 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-27 | Holo Touch. Inc | Holographic human-machine interfaces |
JP2005031219A (ja) | 2003-07-09 | 2005-02-03 | Toppoly Optoelectronics Corp | 両面液晶ディスプレイ |
US20070201234A1 (en) | 2003-07-21 | 2007-08-30 | Clemens Ottermann | Luminous element |
US7190380B2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2007-03-13 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Generating and displaying spatially offset sub-frames |
DE10336352B4 (de) | 2003-08-08 | 2007-02-08 | Schott Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Streulichtstrukturen an flächigen Lichtleitern |
TWI251712B (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2006-03-21 | Prime View Int Corp Ltd | Interference display plate |
TW200506479A (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-16 | Prime View Int Co Ltd | Color changeable pixel for an interference display |
TWI305599B (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2009-01-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc | Interference display panel and method thereof |
TW593127B (en) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-06-21 | Prime View Int Co Ltd | Interference display plate and manufacturing method thereof |
US6880959B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2005-04-19 | Timothy K. Houston | Vehicle illumination guide |
US20050057442A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-17 | Olan Way | Adjacent display of sequential sub-images |
US7025461B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2006-04-11 | Brookhaven Science Associates | Interactive display system having a digital micromirror imaging device |
JP3979982B2 (ja) | 2003-08-29 | 2007-09-19 | シャープ株式会社 | 干渉性変調器および表示装置 |
JPWO2005022212A1 (ja) | 2003-09-01 | 2007-11-01 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | プラズマディスプレイ用反射防止フィルム |
JP2005084331A (ja) | 2003-09-08 | 2005-03-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 表示装置、画像表示装置および表示方法 |
JP2004086221A (ja) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-03-18 | Sharp Corp | フロントライト及び表示装置 |
KR20060135610A (ko) | 2003-09-22 | 2006-12-29 | 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | 광 가이드를 사용한 터치 스크린 |
US6982820B2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2006-01-03 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Color changeable pixel |
GB0322681D0 (en) | 2003-09-27 | 2003-10-29 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Multi-view display |
GB0322682D0 (en) | 2003-09-27 | 2003-10-29 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Backlight for 3D display device |
US20050073507A1 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2005-04-07 | Richter Paul J. | Touch input sensing device |
JP2005135899A (ja) | 2003-10-06 | 2005-05-26 | Omron Corp | 面光源装置及び表示装置 |
US7303645B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2007-12-04 | Miradia Inc. | Method and system for hermetically sealing packages for optics |
US7218812B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2007-05-15 | Rpo Pty Limited | Planar waveguide with patterned cladding and method for producing the same |
DE60322549D1 (de) | 2003-12-01 | 2008-09-11 | Asulab Sa | Transparantes Substrat mit unsichtbaren Elektroden und Vorrichtungen mit diesem Substrat |
TW200524236A (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2005-07-16 | Nl Nanosemiconductor Gmbh | Optoelectronic device incorporating an interference filter |
US7142346B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2006-11-28 | Idc, Llc | System and method for addressing a MEMS display |
US7161728B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2007-01-09 | Idc, Llc | Area array modulation and lead reduction in interferometric modulators |
US7456805B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2008-11-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Display including a solid state light device and method using same |
US6972827B2 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2005-12-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Transflective film and display |
EP1544657B1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2012-04-04 | Barco N.V. | Broadband full white reflective display structure |
JP4079143B2 (ja) | 2003-12-22 | 2008-04-23 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 照明装置、電気光学装置及び電子機器 |
CA2490603C (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2012-12-11 | National Research Council Of Canada | Optical off-chip interconnects in multichannel planar waveguide devices |
TWI388876B (zh) | 2003-12-26 | 2013-03-11 | Fujifilm Corp | 抗反射膜、偏光板,其製造方法,液晶顯示元件,液晶顯示裝置,及影像顯示裝置 |
US20050271325A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 | 2005-12-08 | Anderson Michael H | Liquid crystal waveguide having refractive shapes for dynamically controlling light |
US6964484B2 (en) | 2004-02-02 | 2005-11-15 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Overfill reduction for an optical modulator |
US7342705B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2008-03-11 | Idc, Llc | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US20060110090A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2006-05-25 | Panorama Flat Ltd. | Apparatus, method, and computer program product for substrated/componentized waveguided goggle system |
ATE470167T1 (de) | 2004-02-13 | 2010-06-15 | Nokia Corp | Herstellungsverfahren eines lichtleiters |
JP2005235759A (ja) | 2004-02-17 | 2005-09-02 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 照明装置、及びこれを用いた表示装置 |
TWI256941B (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2006-06-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc | A micro electro mechanical system display cell and method for fabricating thereof |
US20050195370A1 (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-08 | Gore Makarand P. | Transmissive/reflective light engine |
US7439965B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2008-10-21 | Anderson Daryl E | Method for driving display device |
US7706050B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2010-04-27 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated modulator illumination |
TW200530669A (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-09-16 | Prime View Int Co Ltd | Interference display plate and manufacturing method thereof |
US7855824B2 (en) | 2004-03-06 | 2010-12-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for color optimization in a display |
US20050207016A1 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Antireflection film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display |
JP4195936B2 (ja) | 2004-03-17 | 2008-12-17 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 拡散性の反射面を持つ反射型調光素子 |
WO2005096045A2 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-13 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Light guide and apparatus for using light guide |
TWI293706B (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2008-02-21 | Au Optronics Corp | Backlight module |
WO2005098311A2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Schexnaider Craig J | Light panel illuminated by light emitting diodes |
US20050224694A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-13 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd. | High efficiency microlens array |
JP2005308871A (ja) | 2004-04-19 | 2005-11-04 | Aterio Design Kk | 干渉カラーフィルター |
JP4539160B2 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2010-09-08 | 日立化成工業株式会社 | 光学素子、光学素子の製造方法及び面光源装置 |
BRPI0510509A (pt) | 2004-04-30 | 2007-10-30 | Modilis Ltd Oy | elemento de iluminação ultrafino |
US7602369B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2009-10-13 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with colored backlight |
WO2005111669A1 (ja) | 2004-05-17 | 2005-11-24 | Nikon Corporation | 光学素子、コンバイナ光学系、及び画像表示装置 |
US6970031B1 (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-11-29 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method and apparatus for reducing charge injection in control of MEMS electrostatic actuator array |
KR101148791B1 (ko) | 2004-06-30 | 2012-05-24 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 타일형 표시장치 |
US7213958B2 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2007-05-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Phosphor based illumination system having light guide and an interference reflector |
US7412119B2 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2008-08-12 | Poa Sana Liquidating Trust | Apparatus and method for making flexible waveguide substrates for use with light based touch screens |
KR100606549B1 (ko) | 2004-07-01 | 2006-08-01 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 면 발광 장치용 도광판 및 그의 제조 방법 |
US7256922B2 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2007-08-14 | Idc, Llc | Interferometric modulators with thin film transistors |
US7528989B2 (en) | 2004-07-08 | 2009-05-05 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd | Image processing apparatus and image processing method |
GB0415773D0 (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2004-08-18 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | A flexible display device |
US7092163B2 (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2006-08-15 | General Electric Company | Light collimating and diffusing film and system for making the film |
JP2006039056A (ja) | 2004-07-23 | 2006-02-09 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US7436389B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2008-10-14 | Eugene J Mar | Method and system for controlling the output of a diffractive light device |
CA2575314A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-09 | Idc, Llc | System and method for micro-electromechanical operating of an interferometric modulator |
JPWO2006019016A1 (ja) | 2004-08-18 | 2008-05-08 | ソニー株式会社 | バックライト装置及びカラー液晶表示装置 |
JP2006093104A (ja) | 2004-08-25 | 2006-04-06 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 照明装置およびそれを用いた表示装置 |
US7499208B2 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2009-03-03 | Udc, Llc | Current mode display driver circuit realization feature |
US7889163B2 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2011-02-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Drive method for MEMS devices |
JP4285373B2 (ja) | 2004-09-01 | 2009-06-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | マイクロレンズの製造方法、マイクロレンズ及びマイクロレンズアレイ、並びに電気光学装置及び電子機器 |
US7278775B2 (en) | 2004-09-09 | 2007-10-09 | Fusion Optix Inc. | Enhanced LCD backlight |
JP2006086075A (ja) | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-30 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 面発光装置、背面照明装置および液晶表示装置 |
US7710632B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
US7349141B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-03-25 | Idc, Llc | Method and post structures for interferometric modulation |
US7626581B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-12-01 | Idc, Llc | Device and method for display memory using manipulation of mechanical response |
US8008736B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2011-08-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Analog interferometric modulator device |
US7317568B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-01-08 | Idc, Llc | System and method of implementation of interferometric modulators for display mirrors |
US7405861B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-07-29 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for protecting interferometric modulators from electrostatic discharge |
US7369296B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-05-06 | Idc, Llc | Device and method for modifying actuation voltage thresholds of a deformable membrane in an interferometric modulator |
US7653371B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-01-26 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Selectable capacitance circuit |
US7551246B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-06-23 | Idc, Llc. | System and method for display device with integrated desiccant |
US7535466B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-05-19 | Idc, Llc | System with server based control of client device display features |
US7564612B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-07-21 | Idc, Llc | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US7304784B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-12-04 | Idc, Llc | Reflective display device having viewable display on both sides |
US20060132383A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-06-22 | Idc, Llc | System and method for illuminating interferometric modulator display |
US7710629B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for display device with reinforcing substance |
US7545550B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-06-09 | Idc, Llc | Systems and methods of actuating MEMS display elements |
US7898521B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-03-01 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Device and method for wavelength filtering |
US7911428B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-03-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US7657242B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-02-02 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Selectable capacitance circuit |
US7446927B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-11-04 | Idc, Llc | MEMS switch with set and latch electrodes |
US7184202B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-02-27 | Idc, Llc | Method and system for packaging a MEMS device |
US7161730B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-01-09 | Idc, Llc | System and method for providing thermal compensation for an interferometric modulator display |
US7710636B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods using interferometric optical modulators and diffusers |
US7630123B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-12-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for compensating for color shift as a function of angle of view |
US8031133B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2011-10-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US7310179B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-12-18 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for selective adjustment of hysteresis window |
US20060066586A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Touchscreens for displays |
US20060103643A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-05-18 | Mithran Mathew | Measuring and modeling power consumption in displays |
US7492502B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-02-17 | Idc, Llc | Method of fabricating a free-standing microstructure |
US7508571B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-03-24 | Idc, Llc | Optical films for controlling angular characteristics of displays |
US7417735B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-08-26 | Idc, Llc | Systems and methods for measuring color and contrast in specular reflective devices |
US7369294B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-05-06 | Idc, Llc | Ornamental display device |
US7807488B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-10-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display element having filter material diffused in a substrate of the display element |
US8362987B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2013-01-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US8878825B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2014-11-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for providing a variable refresh rate of an interferometric modulator display |
US7928928B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-04-19 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US20060176241A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-08-10 | Sampsell Jeffrey B | System and method of transmitting video data |
US7916103B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2011-03-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for display device with end-of-life phenomena |
US20060176487A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-08-10 | William Cummings | Process control monitors for interferometric modulators |
US7130104B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-10-31 | Idc, Llc | Methods and devices for inhibiting tilting of a mirror in an interferometric modulator |
US7345805B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-03-18 | Idc, Llc | Interferometric modulator array with integrated MEMS electrical switches |
US7289256B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-10-30 | Idc, Llc | Electrical characterization of interferometric modulators |
US7813026B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-10-12 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method of reducing color shift in a display |
US7920135B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2011-04-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for driving a bi-stable display |
US7561323B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-07-14 | Idc, Llc | Optical films for directing light towards active areas of displays |
US20060066596A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Sampsell Jeffrey B | System and method of transmitting video data |
US7327510B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-02-05 | Idc, Llc | Process for modifying offset voltage characteristics of an interferometric modulator |
US8102407B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2012-01-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US7586484B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-09-08 | Idc, Llc | Controller and driver features for bi-stable display |
US20060077126A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Manish Kothari | Apparatus and method for arranging devices into an interconnected array |
US20060076632A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Lauren Palmateer | System and method for display device with activated desiccant |
EP1800173A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-06-27 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for multistate interferometric light modulation |
US7417783B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-08-26 | Idc, Llc | Mirror and mirror layer for optical modulator and method |
US7359066B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-04-15 | Idc, Llc | Electro-optical measurement of hysteresis in interferometric modulators |
US7719500B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Reflective display pixels arranged in non-rectangular arrays |
US20060076631A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Lauren Palmateer | Method and system for providing MEMS device package with secondary seal |
US7420725B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-09-02 | Idc, Llc | Device having a conductive light absorbing mask and method for fabricating same |
US7355780B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-04-08 | Idc, Llc | System and method of illuminating interferometric modulators using backlighting |
US7679627B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-03-16 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Controller and driver features for bi-stable display |
US7136213B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-11-14 | Idc, Llc | Interferometric modulators having charge persistence |
US7527995B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-05-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method of making prestructure for MEMS systems |
US7843410B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-11-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for electrically programmable display |
US20060077148A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060066557A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Floyd Philip D | Method and device for reflective display with time sequential color illumination |
US7684104B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-03-23 | Idc, Llc | MEMS using filler material and method |
US7029944B1 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-18 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Methods of forming a microlens array over a substrate employing a CMP stop |
JP4445827B2 (ja) | 2004-10-07 | 2010-04-07 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 集光シート、面光源装置、集光シートの製造方法 |
JP4728688B2 (ja) | 2004-10-13 | 2011-07-20 | Nec液晶テクノロジー株式会社 | 光源装置、表示装置、端末装置及び光ユニット |
US7170697B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2007-01-30 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Programmable waveform for lamp ballast |
JP4688131B2 (ja) | 2004-10-21 | 2011-05-25 | 株式会社リコー | 光偏向装置、光偏向アレー、光学システムおよび画像投影表示装置 |
JP2006120571A (ja) | 2004-10-25 | 2006-05-11 | Fujikura Ltd | 照明装置 |
US20060215958A1 (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2006-09-28 | Yeo Terence E | Enhanced electroluminescent sign |
KR100735148B1 (ko) | 2004-11-22 | 2007-07-03 | (주)케이디티 | 백라이트 장치용 광 여기 확산시트, 이를 이용한액정표시용 백라이트 장치 |
US8130210B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2012-03-06 | Avago Technologies Ecbu Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Touch input system using light guides |
JP4634129B2 (ja) | 2004-12-10 | 2011-02-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 光散乱膜,及びそれを用いる光デバイス |
KR100682907B1 (ko) | 2004-12-14 | 2007-02-15 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 홀로그램 도광판을 이용한 디스플레이 소자용 조명장치 |
US20060130889A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Motorola, Inc. | Solar panel with optical films |
US7339635B2 (en) | 2005-01-14 | 2008-03-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Pre-stacked optical films with adhesive layer |
JP4547276B2 (ja) | 2005-01-24 | 2010-09-22 | シチズン電子株式会社 | 面状光源 |
CN101111817B (zh) | 2005-01-30 | 2011-05-04 | 斯威福波音特有限公司 | 电脑鼠标周边装置 |
EP1851610A1 (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2007-11-07 | Rpo Pty Limited | Waveguide design incorporating reflective optics |
TWI263098B (en) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-10-01 | Au Optronics Corp | Backlight module |
US20060187676A1 (en) | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-24 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light guide plate, light guide device, lighting device, light guide system, and drive circuit |
US20060209012A1 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2006-09-21 | Pixtronix, Incorporated | Devices having MEMS displays |
US7616368B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2009-11-10 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Light concentrating reflective display methods and apparatus |
US7224512B2 (en) | 2005-03-15 | 2007-05-29 | Motorola, Inc. | Microelectromechanical system optical apparatus and method |
TWI255924B (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2006-06-01 | Au Optronics Corp | Backlight module and brightness enhancement film thereof |
US7352501B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2008-04-01 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophoretic caps prepared from encapsulated electrophoretic particles |
KR100681521B1 (ko) | 2005-04-06 | 2007-02-09 | (주)케이디티 | 백라이트 유니트 |
US20060246233A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Light diffusion film, anti-reflection film, polarizing plate and image display device |
US7920136B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2011-04-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method of driving a MEMS display device |
US7948457B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2011-05-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods of actuating MEMS display elements |
JP4743846B2 (ja) | 2005-05-10 | 2011-08-10 | シチズン電子株式会社 | 光通信装置及びそれを用いた情報機器 |
GB2426351A (en) | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-22 | Sharp Kk | A dual view display |
US20060291769A1 (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2006-12-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Light emitting source incorporating vertical cavity lasers and other MEMS devices within an electro-optical addressing architecture |
TW200641422A (en) | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-01 | Polarlite Corp | Transparent type light guiding module |
KR100647327B1 (ko) | 2005-06-18 | 2006-11-23 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 평면표시소자용 조명장치, 및 이를 구비한 평면표시장치 |
WO2007002317A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2007-01-04 | Fusion Optix, Inc. | Enhanced diffusing plates, films and backlights |
WO2006137337A1 (ja) | 2005-06-23 | 2006-12-28 | Tpo Hong Kong Holding Limited | 光電変換機能を有する液晶表示装置 |
EP2495212A3 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2012-10-31 | QUALCOMM MEMS Technologies, Inc. | Mems devices having support structures and methods of fabricating the same |
US7233722B2 (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2007-06-19 | General Display, Ltd. | System and method for fiber optics based direct view giant screen flat panel display |
TW200712653A (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-01 | Jemitek Electronics Corp | Liquid crystal having function of micro-reflection |
KR100784551B1 (ko) | 2005-10-19 | 2007-12-11 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 백라이트 장치에 사용되는 프리즘시트 |
KR100721009B1 (ko) | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-22 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 복수의 확산시트를 포함하는 백라이트 장치 및 이를 포함하는 액정 표시 소자 |
JP2007122059A (ja) | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Samsung Electro Mech Co Ltd | 回折型光変調器を利用するディスプレイシステムにおける印加電圧調整装置 |
US7630114B2 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2009-12-08 | Idc, Llc | Diffusion barrier layer for MEMS devices |
US7760197B2 (en) | 2005-10-31 | 2010-07-20 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Fabry-perot interferometric MEMS electromagnetic wave modulator with zero-electric field |
TWI312895B (en) | 2005-11-11 | 2009-08-01 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Backlight module structure for led chip holder |
WO2007058203A1 (ja) | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 面状照明装置とそれを用いた液晶表示装置 |
JP2006065360A (ja) | 2005-11-16 | 2006-03-09 | Omron Corp | 導光器及び表示装置 |
JP2007165284A (ja) | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-28 | Seiko Instruments Inc | エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及びこれを用いた表示装置 |
US20070125415A1 (en) | 2005-12-05 | 2007-06-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Light capture with patterned solar cell bus wires |
US7924368B2 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2011-04-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Diffuse multilayer optical assembly |
KR20080077363A (ko) | 2005-12-14 | 2008-08-22 | 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | 향상된 휘도 및 콘트라스트를 갖는 반사형 디스플레이 |
WO2007073203A1 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2007-06-28 | Renewable Energy Corporation Asa | Solar cell module |
US7366393B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2008-04-29 | Optical Research Associates | Light enhancing structures with three or more arrays of elongate features |
CN101310351B (zh) | 2006-01-20 | 2011-04-13 | 日本写真印刷株式会社 | 电容式发光型开关以及其中使用的发光型开关元件 |
TWI345105B (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2011-07-11 | Chimei Innolux Corp | Backlight module and application thereof |
JP4639337B2 (ja) | 2006-02-17 | 2011-02-23 | 国立大学法人長岡技術科学大学 | 太陽電池および太陽集熱器 |
US7603001B2 (en) | 2006-02-17 | 2009-10-13 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing back-lighting in an interferometric modulator display device |
US20070201056A1 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-08-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Light-scattering color-conversion material layer |
US7684126B2 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2010-03-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fresnel field lens |
KR100678067B1 (ko) | 2006-02-28 | 2007-02-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 터치 센서 장치 |
US7450295B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2008-11-11 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Methods for producing MEMS with protective coatings using multi-component sacrificial layers |
US7766531B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2010-08-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Edge-lit optical display with fluted optical plate |
JP2007271865A (ja) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Hitachi Displays Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US7643203B2 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2010-01-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interferometric optical display system with broadband characteristics |
US20070241340A1 (en) | 2006-04-17 | 2007-10-18 | Pan Shaoher X | Micro-mirror based display device having an improved light source |
US7417784B2 (en) | 2006-04-19 | 2008-08-26 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Microelectromechanical device and method utilizing a porous surface |
US8004743B2 (en) | 2006-04-21 | 2011-08-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display |
US7369292B2 (en) * | 2006-05-03 | 2008-05-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Electrode and interconnect materials for MEMS devices |
JP2007311046A (ja) | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-29 | Seiko Epson Corp | 発光装置、発光装置の製造方法、及び電子機器 |
US20080232135A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2008-09-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light guide |
US20070279935A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible light guide |
US7876489B2 (en) | 2006-06-05 | 2011-01-25 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Display apparatus with optical cavities |
US8488242B2 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2013-07-16 | Opsec Security Group, Inc. | Optically variable device with diffraction-based micro-optics, method of creating the same, and article employing the same |
US7766498B2 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2010-08-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Linear solid state illuminator |
JP4695626B2 (ja) | 2006-06-30 | 2011-06-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 照明装置及び液晶表示装置 |
CN101501391B (zh) | 2006-07-03 | 2011-10-12 | 诺基亚公司 | 在包括用户界面照明的装置中改变图形 |
WO2008013159A1 (fr) | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. | Alliage de métal noble pour bougie d'allumage et son procédé de fabrication et de traitement |
CN101122704B (zh) | 2006-08-11 | 2010-11-10 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 光学板及采用该光学板的背光模组 |
US7845841B2 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2010-12-07 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Angle sweeping holographic illuminator |
CA2631161C (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2016-05-24 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Optical device, labeled article, optical kit and discrimination method |
US7855827B2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2010-12-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Internal optical isolation structure for integrated front or back lighting |
US9019183B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2015-04-28 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Optical loss structure integrated in an illumination apparatus |
WO2008045311A2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination device with built-in light coupler |
US8107155B2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2012-01-31 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for reducing visual artifacts in displays |
EP1943551A2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-07-16 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light guide |
WO2008045224A2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc | Thin light bar and method of manufacturing |
EP2069841A2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2009-06-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination assemblies comprising light bars |
WO2008045463A2 (en) | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display device with diffractive optics |
TWI346813B (en) | 2006-10-14 | 2011-08-11 | Au Optronics Corp | Diffuser plate and backlight module using the same |
US7864395B2 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2011-01-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light guide including optical scattering elements and a method of manufacture |
KR100951723B1 (ko) | 2006-12-28 | 2010-04-07 | 제일모직주식회사 | 백라이트 유닛의 광학시트 |
JP4667471B2 (ja) | 2007-01-18 | 2011-04-13 | 日東電工株式会社 | 透明導電性フィルム、その製造方法及びそれを備えたタッチパネル |
US7403180B1 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-07-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Hybrid color synthesis for multistate reflective modulator displays |
US7777954B2 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2010-08-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods of providing a light guiding layer |
US8477315B2 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2013-07-02 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Volume hologram, light source device, illumination device, monitor, and image display device |
US7916378B2 (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2011-03-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing a light absorbing mask in an interferometric modulator display |
US7494830B2 (en) | 2007-04-06 | 2009-02-24 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company | Method and device for wafer backside alignment overlay accuracy |
US8054421B2 (en) | 2007-04-06 | 2011-11-08 | Adrea, LLC | Reflective display panel and method for manufacturing such a display panel |
CN101641665B (zh) | 2007-04-12 | 2013-02-06 | 诺基亚公司 | 键区 |
US7733439B2 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2010-06-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Dual film light guide for illuminating displays |
DE102007025092A1 (de) | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-04 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Lumineszenzdiodenchip |
JPWO2008153139A1 (ja) | 2007-06-15 | 2010-08-26 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ディスプレイ用光学フィルタ、これを備えたディスプレイ及びプラズマディスプレイパネル |
JP2010538306A (ja) * | 2007-07-31 | 2010-12-09 | クォルコム・メムズ・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド | 干渉変調器の色ずれを高めるためのデバイス |
US7477809B1 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2009-01-13 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Photonic guiding device |
US8072402B2 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2011-12-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interferometric optical modulator with broadband reflection characteristics |
CN101802985A (zh) * | 2007-09-14 | 2010-08-11 | 高通Mems科技公司 | 用于微机电系统生产的蚀刻工艺 |
JP5478493B2 (ja) | 2007-09-17 | 2014-04-23 | クォルコム・メムズ・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド | 半透明/半透過の発光干渉デバイス |
JP4384214B2 (ja) | 2007-09-27 | 2009-12-16 | 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ | 面発光素子,画像表示素子及びそれを用いた画像表示装置 |
ES2379890T3 (es) | 2007-10-08 | 2012-05-04 | Whirlpool Corporation | Interruptor táctil capacitivo y electrodoméstico provisto con tal interruptor |
CN101408628A (zh) | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-15 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | 扩散片及其制造工艺、背光模组及液晶显示装置 |
JP5302322B2 (ja) | 2007-10-19 | 2013-10-02 | クォルコム・メムズ・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド | 一体型光起電力を有するディスプレイ |
US8058549B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2011-11-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Photovoltaic devices with integrated color interferometric film stacks |
CN101836137A (zh) * | 2007-10-23 | 2010-09-15 | 高通Mems科技公司 | 基于微机电系统的可调整透射装置 |
US20090293955A1 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2009-12-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Photovoltaics with interferometric masks |
KR20100094511A (ko) | 2007-11-16 | 2010-08-26 | 퀄컴 엠이엠스 테크놀로지스, 인크. | 능동형 표시장치와 함께 이용되는 박막 평면 태양 집중장치/집광장치 및 확산장치 |
US20090126792A1 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Thin film solar concentrator/collector |
US8941631B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2015-01-27 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Simultaneous light collection and illumination on an active display |
US8068710B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2011-11-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Decoupled holographic film and diffuser |
US7949213B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2011-05-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light illumination of displays with front light guide and coupling elements |
EP2232569A2 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2010-09-29 | QUALCOMM MEMS Technologies, Inc. | Photovoltaics with interferometric back side masks |
US20090168459A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Light guide including conjugate film |
TWI368788B (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2012-07-21 | Au Optronics Corp | Backlight module and display apparatus having the same |
EP2248189A1 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2010-11-10 | QUALCOMM MEMS Technologies, Inc. | Dual layer thin film holographic solar concentrator/ collector |
WO2009102731A2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Devices and methods for enhancing brightness of displays using angle conversion layers |
WO2009102733A2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated front light diffuser for reflective displays |
US7948672B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2011-05-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and methods for tiling display panels |
US8408775B1 (en) | 2008-03-12 | 2013-04-02 | Fusion Optix, Inc. | Light recycling directional control element and light emitting device using the same |
US8851734B2 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2014-10-07 | Skc Haas Display Films Co., Ltd. | Light guiding film having light extraction features |
CN102017166A (zh) | 2008-04-11 | 2011-04-13 | 高通Mems科技公司 | 用于改善pv美学和效率的方法 |
WO2009129264A1 (en) | 2008-04-15 | 2009-10-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Light with bi-directional propagation |
WO2009154957A2 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-12-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Front light devices and methods of fabrication thereof |
US8390008B2 (en) | 2008-05-29 | 2013-03-05 | Global Oled Technology Llc | LED device structure to improve light output |
JP5216431B2 (ja) | 2008-06-17 | 2013-06-19 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | カメラ用ストロボリフレクタ |
US7768690B2 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2010-08-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Backlight displays |
US8023167B2 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2011-09-20 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Backlight displays |
US20090323144A1 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination device with holographic light guide |
TW201007288A (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-16 | Advanced Optoelectronic Tech | Edge lighting back light unit |
US20100096011A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | High efficiency interferometric color filters for photovoltaic modules |
US20100096006A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Monolithic imod color enhanced photovoltaic cell |
JP5232672B2 (ja) | 2009-01-23 | 2013-07-10 | 日東電工株式会社 | 発光素子付光導波路および光学式タッチパネル |
US8172417B2 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2012-05-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Shaped frontlight reflector for use with display |
US20100195310A1 (en) | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Shaped frontlight reflector for use with display |
US20100238529A1 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2010-09-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Dithered holographic frontlight |
WO2010111306A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Em shielding for display devices |
WO2010124028A2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-28 | Vasylyev Sergiy V | Light collection and illumination systems employing planar waveguide |
WO2010138762A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination devices for reflective displays |
EP2435865A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2012-04-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination devices and methods of fabrication thereof |
WO2010141388A1 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-12-09 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Front light based optical touch screen |
JP2013501344A (ja) | 2009-08-03 | 2013-01-10 | クォルコム・メムズ・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド | 導光板照明用の微小構造体 |
KR101630493B1 (ko) | 2009-12-29 | 2016-06-14 | 퀄컴 엠이엠에스 테크놀로지스, 인크. | 보조 전극 구조물을 갖는 코팅된 광 방향 전환 조명 장치 |
WO2012043396A1 (ja) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-05 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | バックライトパネル、バックライトパネル用反射板 |
US20120081406A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Integrated backlit frontlight for reflective display elements |
US8902484B2 (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2014-12-02 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Holographic brightness enhancement film |
US20130106712A1 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2013-05-02 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method of reducing glare from inner layers of a display and touch sensor stack |
US20130127922A1 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc | Structures for directing incident light onto the active areas of display elements |
US20130328943A1 (en) | 2012-06-12 | 2013-12-12 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Diffuser including particles and binder |
US20130328838A1 (en) | 2012-06-12 | 2013-12-12 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Diffusers for different color display elements |
-
2007
- 2007-12-07 US US11/952,941 patent/US8068710B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-03-29 EP EP08153686A patent/EP2068180B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-11-26 CN CN2008801195423A patent/CN101889224A/zh active Pending
- 2008-11-26 JP JP2010537000A patent/JP5209734B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-11-26 WO PCT/US2008/085026 patent/WO2009076075A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-26 KR KR1020107014659A patent/KR20100110808A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-12-05 TW TW097147542A patent/TW200930655A/zh unknown
- 2008-12-05 TW TW103130138A patent/TW201505956A/zh unknown
-
2011
- 2011-11-22 US US13/303,032 patent/US8798425B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020039155A1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2002-04-04 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Liquid-crystal display device |
US6642976B2 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2003-11-04 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Glass substrate and liquid-crystal display device |
CN1559000A (zh) * | 2001-09-26 | 2004-12-29 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 波导、边缘发光照明装置和包含这种装置的显示器 |
CN2624220Y (zh) * | 2003-03-08 | 2004-07-07 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 导光板、发光模块、导光模块和液晶显示器 |
CN1670593A (zh) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-09-21 | 株式会社西铁城电子 | 平面光源 |
CN1744163A (zh) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-08 | Idc公司 | 用于寻址mems显示器的系统和方法 |
CN101019067A (zh) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-08-15 | Idc公司 | 具有用于对一个面板进行背面照明并对另一面板进行正面照明的照明组合件的双重显示器 |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102636836A (zh) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 济南量谱信息技术有限公司 | 一种全息增亮元件及含该元件的半反半透型lcd |
CN102636836B (zh) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-11-06 | 济南量谱信息技术有限公司 | 一种全息增亮元件及含该元件的半反半透型lcd |
CN107003470A (zh) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-08-01 | 微软技术许可有限责任公司 | 层压背光单元 |
US10261233B2 (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2019-04-16 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Backlight unit with controlled light extraction |
CN107003470B (zh) * | 2014-11-25 | 2019-10-01 | 微软技术许可有限责任公司 | 层压背光单元 |
CN107229088A (zh) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 光学微结构及光学微结构层的制作方、导光组件及显示装置 |
US10809435B2 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2020-10-20 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Backlight unit, method for manufacturing the same and display device |
CN111213076A (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-05-29 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 光学隔离元件 |
CN111213076B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2021-06-22 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 光学隔离元件 |
CN114341704A (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-04-12 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | 用于显示器的有源区域照射的可切换偏振延迟器阵列 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20120069031A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
JP5209734B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
TW201505956A (zh) | 2015-02-16 |
US8068710B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 |
EP2068180A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
KR20100110808A (ko) | 2010-10-13 |
WO2009076075A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
EP2068180B1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
US20090147332A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
US8798425B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
JP2011508898A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
TW200930655A (en) | 2009-07-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101889224A (zh) | 去耦合的全息膜及漫射器 | |
CN101889225B (zh) | 具有前方光导及耦合元件的显示器的光照明 | |
CN101910893B (zh) | 包括共轭膜的光导 | |
CN102047155B (zh) | 具有光转向微结构的光导面板、其制造方法和显示装置 | |
CN101523255A (zh) | 薄光条和制造方法 | |
JP5756503B2 (ja) | 照明装置に統合される光学損失構造 | |
US8872085B2 (en) | Display device having front illuminator with turning features | |
CN101019071B (zh) | 用于显示器的触摸屏 | |
TWI595293B (zh) | 用於照明顯示器的雙膜光導 | |
CN101861658B (zh) | 有源显示器的光收集 | |
US20120026576A1 (en) | Devices and methods for enhancing brightness of displays using angle conversion layers | |
CN102077016A (zh) | 具有全息光导的照明装置 | |
TW201133081A (en) | Methods and devices for lighting displays | |
TW201307892A (zh) | 用以照明干涉調變器顯示器之系統及方法 | |
US20100309412A1 (en) | Ambient light backlight for transmissive displays |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20101117 |