CA2415556A1 - Method for treating the surfaces of aluminium or aluminium alloys by means of formulations containing alkane sulfonic acid - Google Patents

Method for treating the surfaces of aluminium or aluminium alloys by means of formulations containing alkane sulfonic acid Download PDF

Info

Publication number: CA2415556A1
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: acid; aluminum; electrolyte; weight; alkanesulfonic
Prior art date: 2000-07-10
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Abandoned

Application number

CA002415556A

Other languages

English (en)

French (fr)

Inventor

Werner Hesse

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

BASF SE

Original Assignee

Individual

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2000-07-10

Filing date

2001-07-10

Publication date

2003-01-09

2001-07-10 Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual

2003-01-09 Publication of CA2415556A1 publication Critical patent/CA2415556A1/en

Status Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 5
238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title description 2
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 101
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 5
238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 8
239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 8
229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 6
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 5
-1 phospho Chemical class 0.000 description 5
238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 3
239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 3
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 2
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 2
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 2
238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
101100269144 Rattus norvegicus Adam7 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanesulfonate group Chemical class CS(=O)(=O)[O-] AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinic acid Chemical compound OS=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/10—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing organic acids
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/20—Electrolytic after-treatment
- C25D11/22—Electrolytic after-treatment for colouring layers

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

CA002415556A 2000-07-10 2001-07-10 Method for treating the surfaces of aluminium or aluminium alloys by means of formulations containing alkane sulfonic acid Abandoned CA2415556A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE10033435.0		2000-07-10
DE10033435A DE10033435A1 (de)	2000-07-10	2000-07-10	Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Aluminium oder Aluminium-Legierungen mittels alkansulfonsäurehaltigen Formulierungen
PCT/EP2001/007932 WO2002004716A1 (de)	2000-07-10	2001-07-10	Verfahren zur oberflächenbehandlung von aluminium oder aluminium-legierungen mittels alkansulfonsäurehaltigen formulierungen

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA2415556A1 true CA2415556A1 (en)	2003-01-09

Family

ID=7648388

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA002415556A Abandoned CA2415556A1 (en)	2000-07-10	2001-07-10	Method for treating the surfaces of aluminium or aluminium alloys by means of formulations containing alkane sulfonic acid

Country Status (14)

Country	Link
US (1)	US20040004003A1 (pt)
EP (1)	EP1301656B1 (pt)
JP (1)	JP2004502877A (pt)
CN (1)	CN1192128C (pt)
AT (1)	ATE287977T1 (pt)
AU (1)	AU2001281971A1 (pt)
BR (1)	BR0112434A (pt)
CA (1)	CA2415556A1 (pt)
DE (2)	DE10033435A1 (pt)
ES (1)	ES2234870T3 (pt)
MX (1)	MXPA03000233A (pt)
PL (1)	PL360817A1 (pt)
TW (1)	TWI243864B (pt)
WO (1)	WO2002004716A1 (pt)

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DE102005028121A1 (de) *	2005-06-10	2006-12-14	Decoma (Germany) Gmbh	Verfahren zum Behandeln einer Oberfläche
DE102006052170A1 (de) *	2006-11-02	2008-05-08	Steinert Elektromagnetbau Gmbh	Anodische Oxidschicht für elektrische Leiter, insbesondere Leiter aus Aluminium, Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer anodischen Oxidschicht und elektrischer Leiter mit anodischer Oxidschicht
DE102008011296A1 (de) *	2007-03-16	2008-09-18	Süddeutsche Aluminium Manufaktur GmbH	Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteil mit Sol-Gel-Beschichtung
CN101765753B (zh) *	2007-07-27	2011-12-28	三菱电机株式会社	热交换器以及其制造方法
CN103374742A (zh) *	2012-04-18	2013-10-30	靖江先锋半导体科技有限公司	铝镁合金的增强型阳极氧化表面处理工艺
AP2016009279A0 (en)	2013-11-19	2016-06-30	Aqua Metals Inc	Devices and method for smelterless recycling of lead acid batteries
CN104152969B (zh) *	2014-08-04	2016-07-27	石狮市星火铝制品有限公司	一种铝合金交流电解沉积银铜的着色方法
US9869030B2 (en)	2014-08-29	2018-01-16	Apple Inc.	Process to mitigate spallation of anodic oxide coatings from high strength substrate alloys
WO2016111693A1 (en)	2015-01-09	2016-07-14	Apple Inc.	Processes to reduce interfacial enrichment of alloying elements under anodic oxide films and improve anodized appearance of heat treatable alloys
CN104651905B (zh) *	2015-01-28	2017-11-07	永保纳米科技(深圳)有限公司	一种阳极铝匀染缓染助剂及其操作液，和阳极铝匀染缓染处理工艺
US20160289858A1 (en) *	2015-04-03	2016-10-06	Apple Inc.	Process to mitigate grain texture differential growth rates in mirror-finish anodized aluminum
US9869623B2 (en)	2015-04-03	2018-01-16	Apple Inc.	Process for evaluation of delamination-resistance of hard coatings on metal substrates
BR112017024433B1 (pt)	2015-05-13	2021-10-19	Aqua Metals Inc.	Sistemas e métodos para recuperação de chumbo a partir de baterias de chumbo-ácido
AU2016260408B9 (en)	2015-05-13	2021-01-07	Aqua Metals Inc.	Closed loop systems and methods for recycling lead acid batteries
US10689769B2 (en)	2015-05-13	2020-06-23	Aqua Metals Inc.	Electrodeposited lead composition, methods of production, and uses
US10760176B2 (en)	2015-07-09	2020-09-01	Apple Inc.	Process for reducing nickel leach rates for nickel acetate sealed anodic oxide coatings
US10711363B2 (en)	2015-09-24	2020-07-14	Apple Inc.	Anodic oxide based composite coatings of augmented thermal expansivity to eliminate thermally induced crazing
US9970080B2 (en)	2015-09-24	2018-05-15	Apple Inc.	Micro-alloying to mitigate the slight discoloration resulting from entrained metal in anodized aluminum surface finishes
CN105239133A (zh) *	2015-10-08	2016-01-13	昆明理工大学	一种钛及钛合金表面阳极氧化着色方法
US10316420B2 (en)	2015-12-02	2019-06-11	Aqua Metals Inc.	Systems and methods for continuous alkaline lead acid battery recycling
JP6579520B2 (ja) *	2016-03-01	2019-09-25	松田製綱株式会社	ワイヤーロープ圧縮止め用アルミ製クランプ管の製造方法及び玉掛けワイヤーロープにおけるアルミ製クランプ管の製造方法並びに曳網用ワイヤーロープ
US10174436B2 (en)	2016-04-06	2019-01-08	Apple Inc.	Process for enhanced corrosion protection of anodized aluminum
US11352708B2 (en)	2016-08-10	2022-06-07	Apple Inc.	Colored multilayer oxide coatings
US11242614B2 (en)	2017-02-17	2022-02-08	Apple Inc.	Oxide coatings for providing corrosion resistance on parts with edges and convex features
IT201700080501A1 (it) *	2017-07-17	2019-01-17	Tramec S R L	Riduttore.
CN107815716B (zh) *	2017-09-12	2019-09-20	广东长盈精密技术有限公司	对工件的表面进行处理的方法
US11549191B2 (en)	2018-09-10	2023-01-10	Apple Inc.	Corrosion resistance for anodized parts having convex surface features

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GB1426423A (en) *	1974-12-04	1976-02-25	Fujisash Ind Ltd	Method of producing coloured anodic coating on aluminum and its alloys
US4128460A (en) *	1976-09-13	1978-12-05	Daiwa Kasei Kenkyujo Kabushiki Kaisha	Coloring by electrolysis of aluminum or aluminum alloys
JPS57126993A (en) *	1981-01-29	1982-08-06	Daiwa Kasei Kenkyusho:Kk	Coloring anodic oxidation treatment bath and method of aluminum or aluminum alloy
JP2720224B2 (ja) *	1990-06-15	1998-03-04	富士写真フイルム株式会社	感光性平版印刷版
US5980723A (en) *	1997-08-27	1999-11-09	Jude Runge-Marchese	Electrochemical deposition of a composite polymer metal oxide

2000
- 2000-07-10 DE DE10033435A patent/DE10033435A1/de not_active Withdrawn
2001
- 2001-07-10 EP EP01960487A patent/EP1301656B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-10 DE DE50105209T patent/DE50105209D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-10 PL PL36081701A patent/PL360817A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-07-10 AU AU2001281971A patent/AU2001281971A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-10 WO PCT/EP2001/007932 patent/WO2002004716A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-10 CA CA002415556A patent/CA2415556A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-10 CN CNB018139329A patent/CN1192128C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-10 ES ES01960487T patent/ES2234870T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-10 BR BR0112434-0A patent/BR0112434A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-10 US US10/332,586 patent/US20040004003A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-10 AT AT01960487T patent/ATE287977T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-10 MX MXPA03000233A patent/MXPA03000233A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-07-10 JP JP2002509566A patent/JP2004502877A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-07-10 TW TW090116875A patent/TWI243864B/zh active

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DE50105209D1 (de)	2005-03-03
MXPA03000233A (es)	2003-08-20
EP1301656A1 (de)	2003-04-16
PL360817A1 (en)	2004-09-20
US20040004003A1 (en)	2004-01-08
TWI243864B (en)	2005-11-21
EP1301656B1 (de)	2005-01-26
BR0112434A (pt)	2003-07-15
ATE287977T1 (de)	2005-02-15
WO2002004716A1 (de)	2002-01-17
CN1192128C (zh)	2005-03-09
DE10033435A1 (de)	2002-01-24
CN1446273A (zh)	2003-10-01
AU2001281971A1 (en)	2002-01-21
ES2234870T3 (es)	2005-07-01
JP2004502877A (ja)	2004-01-29

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