Aleksander Glogowski

The Polish state police was, first of all, an institution guarding the state’s security and public order before the Second World War. However, apart from performing the tasks
related to this goal, it also conducted a number of activities for the benefit of the society. First of all, it was activity in the field of integrating the milieu of police families
and caring for widows and orphans of fallen officers. In
addition, the police also organized sports clubs, libraries
and people’s reading rooms. Especially these institutions
played an important role in the promotion of sport and Polish culture in rural areas where there were no similar civil or
local institutions. This was to serve not only to improve the
image and build trust in the service, but also to modernize
the society.

Sytuacja w Iranie po nadaniu Pokojowej Nagrody Nobla irańskiej dysydentce.

Całość dostępna:
https://studiastrategiczne.pl/iranska-kontrrewolucja-pomiedzy-mysleniem-zyczeniowym-a-realiami/?fbclid=IwAR2Vy9ZjjFrKUX92K055o6vX5IoyljrAcHATgzQciJQgyQTjHfZcFVrugQs

Pakistan-Afghanistan border is an haritage of British Raj. Brittons decided to use local tribal militia as a border guard after two attempts to enforce their power on to local Pashtun tribes. Such solution occured quite effective during collonial rule. Pakistan inharited that and incorporated in their system. During Soviet invasion in to Afghanistan it has been currupted by Arab-Salafi fighters presence and collapse of local tribal structures. After Soviet withdrawal from Afganistan, Af-Pak frontier became virtually lawless area and local militias were underdeveloped because they were concideret un-trustworthy. The situation has changed afer 9/11 when the USA supported modernization of Pakistani Frontier Corps. Present situation is a kind of synthesis between traditional tribal militias of British Raj and regular warfare of modern battlefield. Even so, present government in Islamabad has no full confidence in the Frontier Corps.It is worried aboud possibility of further emancipation...

A radical Salafist ideology is attractive to people, especially young people, looking for simple solutions to solve the serious socioeconomic problems with which they cannot cope. Salafism is characterized by a Manichean division of the world on what is good, because it comes from God and what is bad. This in turn implies providing simple answers to complex questions. Actually, the simplest answer to the questions: why the people on Earth live badly? It is the statement "because mankind rejects the law of God revealed in the Qur'an and Sunnah." Therefore, the restoration of these foundations is the only one and the simplest way to solve all problems of mankind. The road to this seems to be simple: total war against "infidels and apostates". The Salafi mullahs as the custodians of “true Faith” have only right to decide who is “infidel of apostate”... Young people undergo indoctrination via the Internet, or in different "Islamic Centres" using freedom...

THE BEGINNINGS OF THE MILITARY AND CIVIL UNDERGROUND IN THE VILNIUS REGION IN 1939-1941 The first years of the occupation of the Vilnius Region were an unusual period in terms of the history of the Polish Underground State and the Polish armed resistance movement. This area was occupied after September 17, 1939 by the Soviet Union, but part of it was transferred to the Republic of Lithuania, along with which it was re-incorporated into the Soviet Union. The Lithuanian occupation was a considerable challenge both for the Polish authorities in exile and for the inhabitants of the Vilnius Region. Meeting such a challenge required certain diplomatic talents (not to worsen the situation of Poles living in this area) as well as knowledge of the relations in the area, which was a problem for the Polish authorities in France, and especially in Great Britain. The Polish inhabitants of the Vilnius Region considered the legal status of their land to be illegal occupation, while the Lithuanians...

Hydro energy is not the main source of energy for the rapidly developing Pakistani economy, but it is an important element of her energy mix. From the Islamabad's economic interests point of view of, the priority is to limit the scale of blackouts, which slow down the development of economics and make life of Pakistan’s population tougher. Hydro power plants, however, are considered more expensive when it comes to the cost of construction than conventional ones. They have a significant advantage: they do not require fuel, and therefore for a country relatively lacking natural resources it is an interesting alternative. The Indus river basin area is suitable to the construction of this type of infrastructure. However, demographic factors are a serious limitation for the development of this type of infrastructure - the growing population means an increase in the demand for potable water (both for people as well as for the food sector). In addition, environmental risks associated with global warming may also have a negative impact on water supply. International environment is disadvantageous to the development of hydro plants. The Indus Water Treaty, signed with India in 1960, does not match the new challenges posed by both the growing population and the development of hydropower. Therefore, competition in the management of shrinking water resources may lead to an escalation of the conflict between India and Pakistan, lasting over 70 years. An important role for the dynamics of international relations in South Asia, also in the energy and water dimension, has and will have a policy of the People's Republic of China, which is focused on close cooperation with Pakistan, which is considered by India as a thread.

Ziemie Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej od XIX w. były terenem działania licznych grup przestępczych zajmujących się handlem kobietami. Odrodzone państwo polskie musiało zmierzyć się z tym problemem. Początkowo było to zdanie kobiecych organizacji pozarządowych. Jednak czy to na skutek lobbingu tych środowisk, czy to na skutek nacisku międzynarodowego państwo postanowiło zinstytucjonalizować te działania. Początkowo miało to charakter działalności cywilnej, jednak pod połowy lat 20., korzystając z zagranicznych wzorców, zdecydowano o utworzeniu Kobiecej Policji Państwowej w ramach istniejącej od 1919 r. Policji Państwowej. Poniższy artykuł charakteryzuje tę formację, prezentuje proces dochodzenia do jej utworzenia oraz analizuje pokrótce zjawiska, jakie miała ona zwalczać.

A radical Salafist ideology is attractive to people, especially young people, looking for simple solutions to solve the serious socioeconomic problems with which they cannot cope. Salafism is characterized by a Manichean division of the world on what is good, because it comes from God and what is bad. This in turn implies providing simple answers to complex questions. Actually, the simplest answer to the questions: why the people on Earth live badly? It is the statement "because mankind rejects the law of God revealed in the Qur'an and Sunnah." Therefore, the restoration of these foundations is the only one and the simplest way to solve all problems of mankind.
The road to this seems to be simple: total war against "infidels and apostates". The Salafi mullahs as the custodians of “true Faith” have only right to decide who is “infidel of apostate”... Young people undergo indoctrination via the Internet, or in different "Islamic Centres" using freedom of religion (which is something fundamental for the West), are deprived of the ability to take a critical look at the content transmitted. Other are radicalized in prisons. Such circumstances stimulate reflection on the current life of their own, but also may lead to religious radicalism. The question arises: how much
we still have to deal with religion as such or if it is a totalitarian political ideology? Of course, Salafism is the offshoot of Islam, but goes far than relations between men and Absolut. From the above reasons can be deduced its totalitarian character. Comparing the proposed by Zbigniew Brzezinski and Carl Friedrich definition of totalitarianism, we can substantiate such thesis. Guiding ideology is here Salafi interpretation of the Quran and Sunnah. Mass party is Salafi movement, which can take the form of a movement or the classic political parties such as the Muslim Brotherhood. The Islamic
State tries to have a monopoly on weapons as much as possible, militarizing male part of the population. The Islamic State monopolizes the mass media, reaching new media as a means of attracting new adepts, and where the Salafists tend to power, contests existing media as "godless" encouraging the use of the Internet and underground publications. An example is the so-called Islamic State (the Daesh). It
uses legitimate violence against any actual or alleged opponents of the ruling group, such as not only Christians, or Jews, but also people arbitrarily considered as non-Muslims. For this purpose, they create formations that can be called religious-moral police, and used traditional security institutions as well. Salafi vision of the World
resembles a totalitarian concepts which Hannah Arendt writes about, as this interpretation of Islam vividly explains both past, present and forecast the future, and also presents a seemingly logical model of the state of God, which wants to put into practice. If we consider Salafi ideology as totalitarian, then we will need to apply the same methods to combat the Salafi preachers as those used to fight the followers of totalitarian regimes after World War II. Declarations of similar firmness in the fight against "Jihadism" appear at various levels of government of countries such as Germany for many years. However, there is lack of sufficient firmness and consistency in their effectiveness.

The specifics of District XVI of Vilnius National Police 1922–1939
The aim of this article is to analyze the formation, functioning and structure of National Police after incorporating Central Lithuania into Poland. Text has been divided into chapters.
The first one is devoted to present Vilnius voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic in the geographical and demographic sense. These factors had a great impact on how police duty was being performed in the area. The second chapter shows the unification process of National Police of Vilnius (former Central Lithuania National Police) with its Polish counterpart, as a district instead of a nationwide force. In the same chapter shows the position of voivodeship police in the spectrum of the whole nation. The third chapter analyses the structure of National Police of Vilnius voivodeship also taking border guard into consideration
(at the time NP was responsible for it). There were also some examples of how the NP operated. The summary contains the fate of the organization during wartime.

Salafi ideology is one of the major threats for European security. Recent terrorists atacks in different EU countries e.g. Germany, France, Belgium had been committed by radicalized young Muslims. What is the ideological background which turns young men into radicals? Is there any similarity between present Islamic threat and any ideologies before? There some arguments that we can compare present Islamic radicalism with previous revolutionary movements e.g. Marxism-Leninism or Nazism. Frustration caused by social conditions of living in non-oil Arab states, unemployment, lack of perspectives at home (Glass-ceiling syndrome) is one among them. Another is lack of interesting opportunities of improvement of life-level in the West. Another group of young radicals are home-grown ones. Some of them are suffering lack of interest from their families, other- from the state. They are easily accessible by the radical preachers-Mullahs who are under no effective control of the state because they overuse freedom of religion. Btw. it is hard to distinguish as far as we have to deal with the religion and/or political movement which uses religion as an pretext for the socio-political revolution using those youngsters as their avant-garde. The goal of the article and the presentation will be to try to analyze sources of serious threat and to answer the question: why it is so hard for the Western democracies to deal with it.

Publikacja „Policja Państwowa i inne instytucje bezpieczeństwa na Wileńszczyźnie w latach 1918-1939” porusza kwestię ewolucji systemu bezpieczeństwa na zajmowanych przez II Rzeczpospolitą Kresach Północno-Wschodnich na tle realizacji koncepcji politycznych ich zagospodarowania w ramach/w stosunku do odradzającego się państwa polskiego. Stąd można ją podzielić chronologicznie jej treść na trzy zasadnicze części: okres do wojny polsko-bolszewickiej, czas istnienia efemerycznego tworu państwowego Litwy Środkowej, oraz od jej inkorporacji do Rzeczypospolitej do początków września 1939 roku.
Szczególnie interesujący jest tu okres istnienia Litwy Środkowej 12 października 1920 roku - 18 kwietnia 1922 roku. Śledząc proces konstytuowania się instytucji Policji Państwowej Litwy Środkowej, jej strukturę, oraz umundurowanie można bowiem znaleźć poważne poszlaki wskazujące na to, że ten twór polityczny od samego początku przygotowywał się do inkorporacji do Rzeczypospolitej, a nie do samodzielnego funkcjonowania jako państwo, replikowano bowiem zarówno w formie jak i w treści analogiczne instytucje państwowe funkcjonujące w ówczesnej Polsce.

Pierwsze wydanie wspomnień "ojca" polskiej iranistyki, wieloletniego profesora Wydziału Filologicznego UJ. Publikacja ta ukazała się staraniem Rodziny, oraz państwa Kingi i Krzysztofa Paraskiewiczów. Było to możliwe dopiero teraz, gdyż wcześniej zbyt głębokie byłyby ingerencje komunistycznej cenzury.

My comment on current situation in the Middle East for TVP World

https://tvpworld.com/71980271/what-does-israels-present-government-mean-for-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict?fbclid=IwAR1ufhTk6bnQbOzYMNRd2fpw1RiI6wNX5Iw6STOPH-XwN1hZ4HdQWoysed4

Afganistan, Pakistan – pasztuński węzeł. Głogowski, Krzyżanowski. 15 odc. Historia dzieje się!
Program z moim udziałem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=O2aq5mTP9CI&fbclid=IwAR1O_2K60WU55CLx1GoWbPq7u0Zw8utK5CupDG9xkuHKS1Yrg1H44Zi630E#bottom-sheet