1. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현 3. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

3)
[202203H2_20주장추론_변형]
으로 가장 적절한 것은?1)
Though we are marching toward a more global
[202203H2_18목적추론_변형]
As I explained on the telephone, I don’t want to take society, various ethnic groups traditionally do things
quite ① differently, and a fresh perspective is valuable
my two children by myself on a train trip (A) [visiting
/ to visit] my parents in Springfield this Saturday since in creating an open­minded child. Extensive multicultural
it is the same day the Riverside Warriors will play the experience makes kids more creative (measured by
how many ideas they can come up with and by
Greenville Trojans in the National Soccer Championship.
I would really appreciate it, therefore, if you could association skills) and ② allow them to capture
change my tickets to the following weekend (April 23). unconventional ideas from other cultures to expand on
their own ideas. As a parent, you should ③ expose
I fully appreciate (B) [what / that] the original,
special­offer ticket was non­exchangeable, but I did your children to other cultures as often as possible. If

not know about the soccer match when I booked the you can, ④ travel with your child to other countries;
live there if possible. If neither is possible, there are
tickets and I would be really (C) [grateful / gratefully]
if you could do this for me. Thank you in advance. lots of things you can do at home, such as exploring
local festivals, ⑤ borrowing library books about other
(A) (B) (C) cultures, and cooking foods from different cultures at
① visiting that grateful your house.
② visiting what gratefully
③ to visit that gratefully
④ to visit what grateful
⑤ to visit that grateful

2. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?2)
[202203H2_19심경추론_변형]
Hours later — when my back aches from sitting, my
hair is styled and dry, and my almost invisible makeup
has been ① applied — Ash tells me it’s time to
change into my dress. We’ve been ② waiting until the
last minute, afraid any refreshments I eat might
accidentally fall onto it and stain it. There ③ are only
thirty minutes left until the show starts, and the nerves
that have been torturing Ash seem ④ to have
escaped her, choosing a new victim in me. My palms
are sweating, and I have butterflies in my stomach.
Nearly all the models are ready, some of ⑤ them
already dressed in their nineteenth­century costumes.
Ash tightens my corset.

- 3 -
 their lives and that we have to do it. I don’t doubt
4. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현 that getting up super early changes people’s lives,
sometimes in good ways and sometimes not. But be
으로 가장 적절한 것은?4)
cautious: You don’t know if this habit will actually
[202203H2_21함축의미추론_변형]
make your life better, especially if it means you get
Studies by Vosniado and Brewer illustrate Fish is
less sleep. So yes, you can try what worked for your
Fish­style assimilation in the context of young
friend, but don’t beat yourself up if your friend’s
children’s thinking about the earth. They worked with
answer doesn’t change you in the same way. All of
children who believed that the earth is flat (because
these approaches involve guessing and chance. And
this fit their experiences) and attempted to help them
that’s not a good way to strive for change in your
understand that, in fact, it is spherical. When
life.
(A) [told / telling] it is round, children often pictured
the earth as a pancake rather than as a sphere. If ① Try harder to make the changes work
they were then told that it is round like a sphere, ② Don’t rush ahead with your given tasks
they interpreted the new information about a spherical
③ Don’t fool yourself into impractical plans
earth within their flat­earth view by picturing a
pancake­like flat surface inside or on top of a sphere, ④ Believe in yourself under any circumstances
with humans (B) [stood / standing] on top of the ⑤ Don’t be hard on yourself for trials and errors
pancake. The model of the earth that they had
developed — and that helped them explain how they
could stand or walk upon its surface — did not fit the
model of a spherical earth. Like the story Fish is Fish,
where a fish imagines everything on land to be fish­like,
everything the children heard (C) [was incorporated /
incorporated] into their preexisting views.

(A) (B) (C)

6. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?6)
① telling standing was incorporated
[202203H2_23주제추론_변형]
② telling stood incorporated Individual human beings differ from one another
③ told standing incorporated ① physically in a multitude of visible and invisible
④ told stood incorporated ways. If races — as most people define them —

⑤ told standing was incorporated ② are real biological entities, then people of African
ancestry would share a wide variety of traits while
people of European ancestry would share a wide
variety of different traits. But once we add traits
③ that are less visible than skin coloration, hair
texture, and the like, we find that the people we
identify as “the same race” are less and less like one
another and more and more like people we identify as
“different races.” Add to this point that the physical
features used to ④ identifying a person as a
representative of some race (e.g. skin coloration) are
continuously variable, so that one cannot say where
5. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 don’t beat yourself up이 의 “brown skin” becomes “white skin.” Although the
미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?5) physical differences themselves are real, the way we
[202203H2_22요지추론_변형] use physical differences ⑤ to classify people into
Advice from a friend or family member is the most discrete races is a cultural construction.
well­meaning of all, but it’s not the best way to match * entity: 실체 ** discrete: 별개의
yourself with a new habit. While hot yoga may have
changed your friend’s life, does that mean it’s the
right practice for you? We all have friends who swear
their new habit of getting up at 4:30 a.m. changed

- 4 -
 and in 1956 the Vienna Orchestra performed a piano
7. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?7) concerto he wrote. Parks was an inspiring artist until
[202203H2_24제목추론_변형] he died in 2006.
The realization of human domination over the
① 어머니와 함께 누나가 사는 미네소타로 향했다.
environment began in the late 1700s with the
industrial revolution. Advances in manufacturing ② 학교에 다니면서 다양한 직장에서 일했다.
transformed societies and economies while producing ③ 그가 읽은 에세이 덕분에 사진에 관한 관심이 생겼다.
significant impacts on the environment. American ④ 시카고에서 형편이 넉넉한 흑인들의 사진을 찍었다.
society became structured on multiple industries’ ⑤ Vienna Orchestra는 그가 작곡한 협주곡 연주를 거절
capitalistic goals as the development of the steam
했다.
engine led to the mechanized production of goods in
mass quantities. Rural agricultural communities with
economies based on handmade goods and agriculture
were abandoned for life in urban cities with large
factories based on an economy of industrialized
manufacturing. Innovations in the production of
textiles, iron, and steel provided increased profits to
private companies. Simultaneously, those industries
exerted authority over the environment and began
9. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?9)
[202203H2_29어법추론_변형]
dumping hazardous by­products in public lands and
Despite abundant warnings that we shouldn’t measure
waterways.
ourselves against others, most of us still do. We’re not
① 환경을 지배한 대가로 도시들이 파괴된다. only meaning­seeking creatures but social ones as well,
② 사회와 경제의 변화는 지역감정을 조장한다. constantly making interpersonal comparisons to
evaluate ourselves, improve our standing, and enhance
③ 산업 혁명으로 농경사회의 문제점이 해결되었다.
our self­esteem. But the problem with social
④ 인간의 환경 지배가 불러온 문제를 반성하고 있다.
comparison is that it often backfires. When comparing
⑤ 인간이 환경을 지배함으로써 환경에 영향을 미쳤다. ourselves to someone who’s doing better than we are,
we often feel inadequate for not doing as well. This
sometimes leads to what psychologists call malignant
envy, the desire for someone to meet with misfortune
(“I wish she didn’t have what she has”). Also,
comparing ourselves with someone who’s doing worse
than we are risks scorn, the feeling that others are
something undeserving of our beneficence (“She’s
8. Gordon Parks에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 beneath my notice”). Then again, comparing ourselves
것은?8) to others can also lead to benign envy, the longing to
[202203H2_28내용일치_변형] reproduce someone else’s accomplishments without
Gordon Parks was a photographer, author, film wishing them ill (“I wish I had what she has”), which
director, and musician. He documented the everyday has been shown in some circumstances to inspire and
lives of African Americans at a time when few people motivate us to increase our efforts in spite of a recent
outside the black community were familiar with their failure.
lives. Parks was born the youngest of 15 children and * backfire: 역효과를 내다 ** scorn: 경멸
grew up on his family’s farm. After the death of his
① benefits from failure
mother, he went to live with a sister in Minnesota.
Parks eventually dropped out of school and worked at ② source of self-esteem
various jobs. His interest in photography was inspired ③ how to control jealousy
by a photo­essay he read about migrant farm workers. ④ human beings as social beings
After he moved to Chicago, Parks began taking photos
⑤ two sides of social comparison
of poor African Americans. In 1949, he became the
first African American to be a staff photographer for
Life magazine. He also wrote music pieces in his life

- 5 -
 missing. And difficult times are the true test of loyalty.
10. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? 10) Dr. Martin Luther King said, “The ultimate test of a
[202203H2_30어휘추론_변형] man is not where he stands in moments of comfort
What exactly does normal science involve? According and convenience, but where he stands at times of
to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of challenge and controversy.” And so be careful of
puzzle­solving. However successful a paradigm is, it friends who are always eager to take from you but
will always encounter certain problems — phenomena reluctant to give back even in their little ways. If they
which it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches lack the commitment to sail with you through difficult
between the theory’s predictions and the experimental weather, then they are more likely to abandon your
facts. The job of the normal scientist is to try to ship when it stops.
eliminate these minor puzzles while making as few * loiter: 서성거리다 ** fawn: 알랑거리다
changes as possible to the paradigm. So normal
① The Importance of True Friends
science is a conservative activity — its practitioners are
not trying to make any earth­shattering discoveries, ② A Virtue That a Leader Should Have
but rather just to develop and extend the existing ③ Adversity Which Reveals Your True Friend
paradigm. In Kuhn’s words, ‘normal science does not ④ The Difference between Commitment and Betrayal
aim at novelties of fact or theory, and when successful ⑤ Should a True Leader Get Off a Sinking Ship at the
finds none’. Above all, Kuhn stressed that normal
End?
scientists are not trying to test the paradigm. On the
contrary, they accept the paradigm unquestioningly,
and conduct their research within the limits it sets. If a
normal scientist gets an experimental result which
conflicts with the paradigm, they will usually assume
that their experimental technique is faulty, not that the
paradigm is wrong.
12. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?12)
* practitioner: (어떤 일을) 실행하는 사람 [202203H1_32빈칸추론_변형]

① Difference between Science and Reality When you’re driving a car, your memory of how to
operate the vehicle comes from one set of brain cells;
② Method for Scientists to Make a Conduct
the memory of ① how to navigate the streets to get
③ Way to Solve the Problem by Using Science to your destination springs from another set of
④ Normal Science: Accepting Existing Paradigm neurons; the memory of driving rules and following
⑤ The Impact of Normal Science on Scientific Technology street signs ② originate from another family of brain
cells; and the thoughts and feelings you have about
the driving experience itself, including any close calls
with other cars, come from yet another group of cells.
You do not have conscious awareness of all these
③ separate mental plays and cognitive neural firings,
yet they somehow work together in beautiful harmony
④ to synthesize your overall experience. In fact, we
don’t even know the real difference between how we
remember and how we think. But, we ⑤ do know
11. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? 11)
they are strongly intertwined. That is why truly
[202203H2_31빈칸추론_변형]
improving memory can never simply be about using
Around the boss, you will always find people coming memory tricks, although they can be helpful in
across as friends, good subordinates, or even great strengthening certain components of memory. Here’s
sympathizers. But some do not truly belong. One day, the bottom line: To improve and preserve memory at
an incident will blow their cover, and then you will the cognitive level, you have to work on all functions
know where they truly belong. When it is all cosy and of your brain.
safe, they will be there, loitering the corridors and
* close call: 위기일발 ** intertwine: 뒤얽히게 하다
fawning at the slightest opportunity. But as soon as
difficulties arrive, they are the first to be found

- 6 -
 each person in the pair feel comfortable. This
13. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현 explanation is supported by the fact that in their
stranger condition, when one person laughed, the
으로 가장 적절한 것은?13)
other was likely to laugh as well. Interestingly, the
[202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형]
three social conditions (alone, paired with a stranger,
According to many philosophers, there is a purely
or paired with a friend) did not differ in their ratings
logical reason (A) [which / why] science will never be
of funniness of the video or of feelings of happiness
able to explain everything. For in order to explain
or anxiousness. This finding implies that their
something, whatever it is, we need to invoke
frequency of laughter was not because we find things
something else. But what explains the second thing?
funnier when we are with others but instead we are
To illustrate, recall that Newton explained a diverse
using laughter to connect with others.
range of (B) [phenomenon / phenomena] using his law
of gravity. But what explains the law of gravity itself? ① The Role of Laughter as icebreaker
If someone asks why all bodies exert a gravitational
② The Importance of Using Laughter to Socialize
attraction on each other, what should we tell them?
③ The More You Laugh, The More Friends You Make
Newton had no answer to this question. In Newtonian
science the law of gravity was a fundamental principle: ④ The Difference: Genuine Laughter vs False Laughter
it explained other things, but could not itself be ⑤ Laughter: One of the Appealing Communication Ways
(C) [explaining / explained]. The moral generalizes.
However much the science of the future can explain,
the explanations it gives will have to make use of
certain fundamental laws and principles. Since nothing
can explain itself, it follows that at least some of these
laws and principles will themselves remain unexplained.
* invoke: 언급하다
15. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?15)
[202203H2_35무관한문장_변형]
(A) (B) (C) Today’s “digital natives” have grown up immersed in
① which phenomenon explaining digital technologies and possess the technical aptitude
② which phenomena explaining to utilize the powers of their devices fully. But
although they know which apps to use or which
③ why phenomenon explaining
websites to visit, they do not necessarily understand
④ why phenomena explained the workings behind the touch screen. People need
⑤ why phenomenon explained technological literacy if they are to understand
machines’ mechanics and uses. In much the same way
as factory workers a hundred years ago needed to
understand the basic structures of engines, we need to
understand the elemental principles behind our
devices. This empowers us to deploy software and
hardware to their fullest utility, maximizing our powers
to achieve and create.
14. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?14) * deploy: 사용하다
[202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형]
In one example of the important role of laughter in ① 디지털 원주민들은 기술의 작동방식을 이해하고 있다.
social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined ② 기계의 역학을 이해하기 위해서는 기초 과학에 충실해
frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or 야 한다.
friends who watched a humorous video together ③ 기기가 작동하는 데는 소프트웨어와 하드웨어의 조화
compared to those who watched it alone. The time 가 필요하다.
individuals spent laughing was nearly twice as frequent
④ 모든 사람들이 기기의 작동 방식을 반드시 이해해야
in pairs as when alone. Frequency of laughing was
할 필요는 없다.
only slightly shorter for friends than strangers.
According to Devereux and Ginsburg, laughing with ⑤ 기기의 기본원리를 이해하는 것은 인간의 기술 활용
strangers served to create a social bond that made 능력을 극대화한다.

- 7 -
 read something in our own language. Moreover, there
16. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?16) are some literary features that cannot be adequately
[202203H2_36순서추론_변형] illustrated by a short excerpt: the development of plot
The ancient Greeks used to describe two very or character, for instance, with the gradual involvement
different ways of thinking — logos and mythos. Logos of the reader that this implies; or the unfolding of a
roughly referred to the world of the logical, the complex theme through the juxtaposition of
empirical, the scientific. Mythos referred to the world contrasting views.
of dreams, storytelling and symbols. Like many * excerpt: 발췌 ** juxtaposition: 병치
rationalists today, some philosophers of Greece prized
logos and looked down at mythos. Logic and reason,
they concluded, make us modern; storytelling and
mythmaking are primitive. But lots of scholars then
and now — including many anthropologists,
sociologists and philosophers today — see a more 18. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말
complicated picture, where mythos and logos are 로 가장 적절한 것은?18)
intertwined and interdependent. Science itself, [202203H2_38문장삽입_변형]
according to this view, relies on stories. The frames In the early stages of modern science, scientists
and metaphors we use to understand the world shape communicated their creative ideas largely by publishing
the scientific discoveries we make; they even shape books. This modus operandi is illustrated not only by
what we see. When our frames and metaphors change, Newton’s Principia, but also by Copernicus’ On the
the world itself is transformed. The Copernican Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Kepler’s The
Revolution involved more than just scientific Harmonies of the World, and Galileo’s Dialogues
calculation; it involved a new story about the place of Concerning the Two New Sciences. With the
Earth in the universe. (A) [advent / disappearance] of scientific periodicals,
* empirical: 경험적인
such as the Transactions of the Royal Society of
London, books gradually yielded ground to the
① Innovation through Scientific Thinking technical journal article as the chief form of scientific
② A Modern Meaning of Logos and Mythos communication. Of course, books were not (B) [kept /
③ The Scientific World That Denies the Story abandoned] altogether, as Darwin’s Origin of Species
④ Universal Way of Thinking in Ancient Greece shows. Even so, it eventually became possible for
scientists to establish a reputation for their creative
⑤ Importance of Logic and Reason in Philosophy
contributions without publishing a single book­length
treatment of their ideas. For instance, the revolutionary
ideas that earned Einstein his Nobel Prize ―
concerning the special theory of relativity and the
17. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?17) photoelectric effect ― (C) [appeared / disappeared] as
[202203H2_37순서추론_변형] papers in the Annalen der Physik. His status as one of
There is no doubt that the length of some literary the greatest scientists of all time does not depend on
works ① is overwhelming. Reading or translating a the publication of a single book.
work in class, hour after hour, week after week, can
* photoelectric effect: 광전 효과 ** modus operandi: 작업 방식[절차]
be such a boring experience that many students never
want to open a foreign language book again. (A) (B) (C)
Extracting part of long stories ② provide one type of ① advent kept appeared
solution. The advantages are obvious: reading a series
② advent abandoned disappeared
of passages from different works produces more
③ advent abandoned appeared
variety in the classroom, ③ so that the teacher has a
greater chance of avoiding monotony, while still giving ④ disappearance kept disappeared
learners a taste at least of an author’s special flavour. ⑤ disappearance abandoned appeared
On the other hand, a student who ④ is only exposed
to ‘bite­sized chunks’ will never have the satisfaction
of knowing the overall pattern of a book, ⑤ which is
after all the satisfaction most of us seek when we

- 8 -
19. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?19) 20. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현
[202203H2_39문장삽입_변형] 으로 가장 적절한 것은?20)
A supply schedule refers to the ability of a business [202203H2_40요약문추론_변형]
to change their production rates to meet the demand Distance is a reliable indicator of the relationship
of consumers. Some businesses are able to increase between two people. Strangers stand further apart
their production level quickly in order to meet than (A) [are / do] acquaintances, acquaintances stand
increased demand. However, sporting clubs have a further apart than friends, and friends stand further
fixed, or inflexible (inelastic) production capacity. They apart than romantic partners. Sometimes, of course,
have what is known as a fixed supply schedule. It is these rules are violated. Recall the last time you rode
worth noting that this is not the case for sales of 20 stories in an elevator packed with total strangers.
clothing, equipment, memberships and memorabilia. The sardine­like experience no doubt made the
But clubs and teams can only play a certain number situation a bit uncomfortable. With your physical space
of times during their season. If fans and members are (B) [violating / violated], you may have tried to create
unable to get into a venue, that revenue is lost “psychological” space by avoiding eye contact, focusing
forever. Although sport clubs and leagues may have a instead on the elevator buttons. By reducing closeness
fixed supply schedule, it is possible to increase the in one nonverbal channel (eye contact), one can
number of consumers who watch. For example, the compensate for unwanted closeness in another channel
supply of a sport product can be increased by (proximity). Similarly, if you are talking with someone
providing more seats, changing the venue, extending who is seated several feet away at a large table, you
the playing season or even through new television, are likely to (C) [maintaining / maintain] constant eye
radio or Internet distribution. contact — something you might feel uncomfortable
* memorabilia: 기념품 ** venue: 경기장 doing if you were standing next to each other.

① 고정 공급일정은 탄력적인 생산능력을 가지고 있다. * sardine­like: 승객이 빽빽이 들어찬 ** proximity: 근접성

② 고정 공급일정엔 의류, 장비, 회원권 판매가 들어있다. (A) (B) (C)

③ 소비자의 수요를 충족하기 위한 생산율은 관계가 없 ① are violated maintain
다.
② do violating maintain
④ 팬과 회원이 경기장에 없더라도 수익은 손실되지 않는
다. ③ are violating maintaining

⑤ 고정공급 일정 외에도 소비자의 수를 늘리는 것이 가 ④ do violated maintain

능하다. ⑤ do violated maintaining

- 9 -
21. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르 23. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
시오.21) 한 것을 고르시오.23)
[202203H2_18목적추론_변형] [202203H2_20주장추론_변형]

As I explained on the telephone, I don’t want to take Though we are marching toward a more global
my two children by myself on a train trip to visit my society, various ethnic groups traditionally do things
parents in Springfield this Saturday since it is the quite differently, and a fresh perspective is valuable in
same day the Riverside Warriors will play the Greenville creating an open­minded child.
Trojans in the National Soccer Championship. I would
really appreciate it, therefore, if you could change my
(A) As a parent, you should expose your children to
tickets to the following weekend (April 23). I fully
other cultures as often as possible. If you can,
appreciate that the original, special­offer ticket was
travel with your child to other countries; live there
, but I did not know about the
if possible.
soccer match when I booked the tickets and I would
be really grateful if you could do this for me. Thank (B) If neither is possible, there are lots of things you
you in advance. can do at home, such as exploring local festivals,
borrowing library books about other cultures, and
① valid ② refundable ③ requirable cooking foods from different cultures at your
④ available ⑤ non­exchangeable house.

(C) Extensive multicultural experience makes kids more

creative (measured by how many ideas they can
come up with and by association skills) and allows
them to capture unconventional ideas from other
cultures to expand on their own ideas.

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
22. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.22)
[202203H2_19심경추론_변형]
My palms are sweating, and I have butterflies in my
stomach.

Hours later — when my back aches from sitting, my

hair is styled and dry, and my almost invisible makeup
has been applied — ( ① ) Ash tells me it’s time to
change into my dress. ( ② ) We’ve been waiting until
the last minute, afraid any refreshments I eat might
accidentally fall onto it and stain it. ( ③ ) There’s only
thirty minutes left until the show starts, and the nerves
that have been torturing Ash seem to have escaped
her, choosing a new victim in me. ( ④ ) Nearly all the
models are ready, some of them already dressed in
their nineteenth­century costumes. ( ⑤ ) Ash tightens
my corset.

- 10 -
 that getting up super early changes people’s lives,
24. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절 sometimes in good ways and sometimes not. But be
cautious: You don’t know if ,
한 것을 고르시오.24)
especially if it means you get less sleep. So yes, you
[202203H2_21함축의미추론_변형]
can try what worked for your friend, but don’t beat
Studies by Vosniado and Brewer illustrate Fish is
yourself up if your friend’s answer doesn’t change you
Fish­style assimilation in the context of young
in the same way. All of these approaches involve
children’s thinking about the earth.
guessing and chance. And that’s not a good way to
strive for change in your life.
(A) If they were then told that it is round like a
① your brain will work properly
sphere, they interpreted the new information
about a spherical earth within their flat­earth view ② your friends will help you make it better
by picturing a pancake­like flat surface inside or ③ the changed life has an impact on a new career
on top of a sphere, with humans standing on top ④ your words move in the right direction all the time
of the pancake.
⑤ this habit will in fact change your life for the better
(B) They worked with children who believed that the
earth is flat (because this fit their experiences) and
attempted to help them understand that, in fact, it
is spherical. When told it is round, children often
pictured the earth as a pancake rather than as a
sphere.

(C) The model of the earth that they had developed

— and that helped them explain how they could
stand or walk upon its surface — did not fit the
26. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?26)
model of a spherical earth. Like the story Fish is
[202203H2_23주제추론_변형]
Fish, where a fish imagines everything on land to Individual human beings differ from one another
be fish­like, everything the children heard was physically in a multitude of visible and invisible ways.
incorporated into their preexisting views. ① If races — as most people define them — are real
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) biological entities, then people of African ancestry
would share a wide variety of traits while people of
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
European ancestry would share a wide variety of
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
different traits. ② But once we add traits that are less
visible than skin coloration, hair texture, and the like,
we find that the people we identify as “the same race”
are less and less like one another and more and more
like people we identify as “different races.” ③ Human
skin color ranges from the darkest brown to the
lightest hues. ④ Add to this point that the physical
features used to identify a person as a representative
of some race (e.g. skin coloration) are continuously
variable, so that one cannot say where “brown skin”
25. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
becomes “white skin.” ⑤ Although the physical
시오.25) differences themselves are real, the way we use
[202203H2_22요지추론_변형]
physical differences to classify people into discrete
Advice from a friend or family member is the most
races is a cultural construction.
well­meaning of all, but it’s not the best way to match
* entity: 실체 ** discrete: 별개의
yourself with a new habit. While hot yoga may have
changed your friend’s life, does that mean it’s the
right practice for you? We all have friends who swear
their new habit of getting up at 4:30 a.m. changed
their lives and that we have to do it. I don’t doubt

- 11 -
 and in 1956 the Vienna Orchestra performed a piano
27. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?27) concerto he wrote. Parks was a(n) artist until
[202203H2_24제목추론_변형] he died in 2006.
The realization of human domination over the ① humble ② unknown ③ commercial
environment began in the late 1700s with the
④ inspiring ⑤ typical
industrial revolution. Advances in manufacturing
transformed societies and economies while producing
significant impacts on the environment. ① American
society became structured on multiple industries’
capitalistic goals as the development of the steam
engine led to the mechanized production of goods in
mass quantities. ② Rural agricultural communities with
economies based on handmade goods and agriculture
were abandoned for life in urban cities with large
factories based on an economy of industrialized
manufacturing. ③ As a result, the rural areas were less
popular as investment value, which became the places
that people avoided. ④ Innovations in the production
of textiles, iron, and steel provided increased profits to
private companies. ⑤ Simultaneously, those industries
exerted authority over the environment and began 29. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
dumping hazardous by­products in public lands and 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.29)
waterways. [202203H2_29어법추론_변형]
This
sometimes leads to what psychologists call
malignant envy, the desire for someone to meet with
misfortune (“I wish she didn’t have what she has”).

Despite abundant warnings that we shouldn’t measure

ourselves against others, most of us still do.
( ① ) We’re not only meaning­seeking creatures but
social ones as well, constantly making interpersonal
comparisons to evaluate ourselves, improve our
standing, and enhance our self­esteem. ( ② ) But the
problem with social comparison is that it often
28. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
backfires. ( ③ ) When comparing ourselves to someone
시오.28) who’s doing better than we are, we often feel inadequate
[202203H2_28내용일치_변형]
for not doing as well. ( ④ ) Also, comparing ourselves
Gordon Parks was a photographer, author, film with someone who’s doing worse than we are risks
director, and musician. He documented the everyday
scorn, the feeling that others are something
lives of African Americans at a time when few people
undeserving of our beneficence (“She’s beneath my
outside the black community were familiar with their notice”). ( ⑤ ) Then again, comparing ourselves to
lives. Parks was born the youngest of 15 children and
others can also lead to benign envy, the longing to
grew up on his family’s farm. After the death of his
reproduce someone else’s accomplishments without
mother, he went to live with a sister in Minnesota. wishing them ill (“I wish I had what she has”), which
Parks eventually dropped out of school and worked at
has been shown in some circumstances to inspire and
various jobs. His interest in photography was inspired
motivate us to increase our efforts in spite of a recent
by a photo­essay he read about migrant farm workers. failure.
After he moved to Chicago, Parks began taking photos
* backfire: 역효과를 내다 ** scorn: 경멸
of poor African Americans. In 1949, he became the
first African American to be a staff photographer for
Life magazine. He also wrote music pieces in his life

- 12 -
30. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 31. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오. 30) 31)
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.
[202203H2_30어휘추론_변형]
[202203H2_31빈칸추론_변형]
On the contrary, they accept the paradigm But as soon as difficulties arrive, they are the first to
unquestioningly, and conduct their research within the be found missing.
limits it sets.

Around the boss, you will always find people coming

What exactly does normal science involve? According across as friends, good subordinates, or even great
to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of sympathizers. But some do not truly belong. One day,
puzzle­solving. However successful a paradigm is, it an incident will blow their cover, and then you will
will always encounter certain problems — phenomena know where they truly belong. ( ① ) When it is all
which it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches cosy and safe, they will be there, loitering the
between the theory’s predictions and the experimental corridors and fawning at the slightest opportunity.
facts. ( ① ) The job of the normal scientist is to try to ( ② ) And difficult times are the true test of loyalty.
eliminate these minor puzzles while making as few ( ③ ) Dr. Martin Luther King said, “The ultimate test
changes as possible to the paradigm. ( ② ) So normal of a man is not where he stands in moments of
science is a conservative activity — its practitioners are comfort and convenience, but where he stands at
not trying to make any earth­shattering discoveries, times of challenge and controversy.” ( ④ ) And so be
but rather just to develop and extend the existing careful of friends who are always eager to take from
paradigm. ( ③ ) In Kuhn’s words, ‘normal science does you but reluctant to give back even in their little
not aim at novelties of fact or theory, and when ways. ( ⑤ ) If they lack the commitment to sail with
successful finds none’. ( ④ ) Above all, Kuhn stressed you through difficult weather, then they are more
that normal scientists are not trying to test the paradigm. likely to abandon your ship when it stops.
( ⑤ ) If a normal scientist gets an experimental result
* loiter: 서성거리다 ** fawn: 알랑거리다
which conflicts with the paradigm, they will usually
assume that their experimental technique is faulty, not
that the paradigm is wrong.
* practitioner: (어떤 일을) 실행하는 사람

- 13 -
32. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 33. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?32) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.33)
[202203H2_32빈칸추론_변형] [202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형]
When you’re driving a car, your memory of how to In Newtonian science the law of gravity was a
operate the vehicle comes from one set of brain cells; fundamental principle: it explained other things, but
the memory of how to navigate the streets to get to could not itself be explained.
your destination springs from another set of neurons;
the memory of driving rules and following street signs
According to many philosophers, there is a purely
originates from another family of brain cells; and the
logical reason why science will never be able to
thoughts and feelings you have about the driving
explain everything. For in order to explain something,
experience itself, including any close calls with other
whatever it is, we need to invoke something else. But
cars, come from yet another group of cells. You do
what explains the second thing? To illustrate, recall
not have conscious awareness of all these separate
that Newton explained a diverse range of phenomena
mental plays and cognitive neural firings, yet they
using his law of gravity. But what explains the law of
somehow work together in beautiful harmony to
gravity itself? ( ① ) If someone asks why all bodies
synthesize your overall experience. In fact, we don’t
exert a gravitational attraction on each other, what
even know the real difference between how we
should we tell them? ( ② ) Newton had no answer to
remember and how we think. But, we do know they
this question. ( ③ ) The moral generalizes. ( ④ )
are strongly intertwined. That is why truly improving
However much the science of the future can explain,
memory can never simply be about using memory
the explanations it gives will have to make use of
tricks, although they can be helpful in strengthening
certain fundamental laws and principles. ( ⑤ ) Since
certain components of memory. Here’s the bottom
nothing can explain itself, it follows that at least some
line: To improve and preserve memory at the cognitive
of these laws and principles will themselves remain
level, you have to work on all functions of your brain.
unexplained.
* loiter: 서성거리다 ** fawn: 알랑거리다
* invoke: 언급하다

When we do something, our memories come to mind
(A) but all of them work together in
(B) way.

(A) (B)
① correlatively discordant
② correlatively harmonious
③ individually harmonious
④ individually discordant
⑤ correlatively agreeable

- 14 -
 workers a hundred years ago needed to understand
34. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절 the basic structures of engines, we need to understand
the elemental principles behind our devices. This
한 것을 고르시오.34)
empowers us to deploy software and hardware to
[202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형]
their fullest utility, maximizing our powers to achieve
In one example of the important role of laughter in
and create.
social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined
frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or * deploy: 사용하다

friends who watched a humorous video together ① enough time

compared to those who watched it alone.
② exact principles
③ collective powers
(A) This finding implies that their frequency of laughter
④ technical advance
was not because we find things funnier when we
⑤ technological literacy
are with others but instead we are using laughter
to connect with others.

(B) The time individuals spent laughing was nearly

twice as frequent in pairs as when alone.
Frequency of laughing was only slightly shorter for
friends than strangers. According to Devereux and 36. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
Ginsburg, laughing with strangers served to create 시오.36)
a social bond that made each person in the pair [202203H2_36순서추론_변형]
feel comfortable. The ancient Greeks used to describe two very
(C) This explanation is supported by the fact that in different ways of thinking — logos and mythos. Logos
their stranger condition, when one person laughed, roughly referred to the world of the logical, the
the other was likely to laugh as well. Interestingly, empirical, the scientific. Mythos referred to the world
the three social conditions (alone, paired with a of dreams, storytelling and symbols. Like many
stranger, or paired with a friend) did not differ in rationalists today, some philosophers of Greece prized
their ratings of funniness of the video or of logos and looked down at mythos. Logic and reason,
feelings of happiness or anxiousness. they concluded, make us modern; storytelling and
mythmaking are primitive. But lots of scholars then
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) and now — including many anthropologists,
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) sociologists and philosophers today — see a more
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) complicated picture, where mythos and logos are
. Science itself, according
to this view, relies on stories. The frames and
metaphors we use to understand the world shape the
scientific discoveries we make; they even shape what
we see. When our frames and metaphors change, the
world itself is transformed. The Copernican Revolution
involved more than just scientific calculation; it
involved a new story about the place of Earth in the
35. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
universe.
시오. 35)
* empirical: 경험적인
[202203H2_35무관한문장_변형]
Today’s “digital natives” have grown up immersed in ① systematic and calculative
digital technologies and possess the technical aptitude
② mythical and complicated
to utilize the powers of their devices fully. But
③ independent and separate
although they know which apps to use or which
websites to visit, they do not necessarily understand ④ simplistic and understandable
the workings behind the touch screen. People need ⑤ intertwined and interdependent
if they are to understand machines’
mechanics and uses. In much the same way as factory

- 15 -
 ground to the technical journal article as the chief
37. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르 form of scientific communication. ② Of course, books
were not abandoned altogether, as Darwin’s Origin of
시오.37)
Species shows. ③ Even so, it eventually became
[202203H2_37순서추론_변형]
possible for scientists to establish a reputation for
There is no doubt that the length of some literary
their creative contributions without publishing a single
works is overwhelming. Reading or translating a work
book­length treatment of their ideas. ④ Successful
in class, hour after hour, week after week, can be such
people in science tried to publicize the importance of
a boring experience that many students never want to
books. ⑤ For instance, the revolutionary ideas that
open a foreign language book again. Extracts provide
earned Einstein his Nobel Prize ― concerning the
one type of solution. The advantages are obvious:
special theory of relativity and the photoelectric effect
reading a series of passages from different works
― appeared as papers in the Annalen der Physik. His
produces more variety in the classroom, so that the
status as one of the greatest scientists of all time
teacher has a greater chance of avoiding monotony,
does not depend on the publication of a single book.
while still giving learners a taste at least of an
author’s special flavour. On the other hand, a student * photoelectric effect: 광전 효과 ** modus operandi: 작업 방식[절차]

who is only exposed to ‘bite­sized chunks’ will never

have , which is
after all the satisfaction most of us seek when we
read something in our own language. Moreover, there
are some literary features that cannot be adequately 39. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
illustrated by a short excerpt: the development of plot 한 것을 고르시오.39)
or character, for instance, with the gradual involvement [202203H2_39문장삽입_변형]

of the reader that this implies; or the unfolding of a A supply schedule refers to the ability of a business
complex theme through the juxtaposition of contrasting to change their production rates to meet the demand
views. of consumers. Some businesses are able to increase
their production level quickly in order to meet
* excerpt: 발췌 ** juxtaposition: 병치
increased demand.
① the achievement of reading foreign literacy in class
② the satisfaction of knowing the overall pattern of a
(A) For example, the supply of a sport product can be
book
increased by providing more seats, changing the
③ the experience of overwhelming translating work of venue, extending the playing season or even through
a book new television, radio or Internet distribution.
④ the knowledge of plot and character to unfold the
(B) But clubs and teams can only play a certain
complex theme number of times during their season. If fans and
⑤ the understanding of series of short sized summaries members are unable to get into a venue, that
of our own language revenue is lost forever. Although sport clubs and
leagues may have a fixed supply schedule, it is
possible to increase the number of consumers
who watch.

38. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?38) (C) However, sporting clubs have a fixed, or inflexible
[202203H2_38문장삽입_변형]
(inelastic) production capacity. They have what is
In the early stages of modern science, scientists known as a fixed supply schedule. It is worth
communicated their creative ideas largely by publishing noting that this is not the case for sales of
books. This modus operandi is illustrated not only by clothing, equipment, memberships and memorabilia.
Newton’s Principia, but also by Copernicus’ On the * memorabilia: 기념품 ** venue: 경기장
Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Kepler’s The
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
Harmonies of the World, and Galileo’s Dialogues
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
Concerning the Two New Sciences. ① With the advent
of scientific periodicals, such as the Transactions of the ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
Royal Society of London, books gradually yielded

- 16 -
40. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르 ※ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. [41-42]
[202203H2_41~42장문2문항_변형]
시오.40)
Being able to have a good fight doesn’t just make us
[202203H2_40요약문추론_변형]
Distance is a reliable indicator of the relationship . more civil; it also develops our creative muscles. In a
Strangers stand further apart than do acquaintances, classic study, highly creative architects were more likely
acquaintances stand further apart than friends, and than their technically competent but less original peers
friends stand further apart than romantic partners. ① come from homes with plenty of friction. They
Sometimes, of course, these rules are violated. Recall often grew up in households that were “tense but
the last time you rode 20 stories in an elevator secure,” as psychologist Robert Albert notes: “The
packed with total strangers. The sardine­like experience creative person­to­be comes from a family that
no doubt made the situation a bit uncomfortable. .” The parents weren’t
With your physical space violated, you may have tried physically or verbally abusive, but they didn’t shy away
to create “psychological” space by avoiding eye from conflict, either. Instead of telling their children
contact, focusing instead on the elevator buttons. By ② to be seen but not heard, they encouraged them
reducing closeness in one nonverbal channel (eye to stand up for themselves. The kids learned to dish it
contact), one can compensate for unwanted closeness out — and take it. That’s exactly what happened to
in another channel (proximity). Similarly, if you are Wilbur and Orville Wright, ③ who invented the
talking with someone who is seated several feet away airplane.
at a large table, you are likely to maintain constant When the Wright brothers said they thought
eye contact — something you might feel together, what they really meant is that they fought
uncomfortable doing if you were standing next to together. When they were solving problems, they had
each other. arguments that lasted not just for hours but for weeks
* sardine­like: 승객이 빽빽이 들어찬 ** proximity: 근접성 and months at a time. They didn’t have such ceaseless
fights because they were angry. They kept ④ quarreling
① can be narrowed through non-verbal channels
because they enjoyed it and learned from the
② serves to create an unwanted closeness between experience. “I like scrapping with Orv,” Wilbur reflected.
two people As you’ll see, it was one of their most passionate and
③ is an indicator that can confirm the intimacy between prolonged arguments that led them to rethink a
two people critical assumption that ⑤ had prevented humans from
soaring through the skies.
④ is just the distance in physical space in the relationship
between two people * dish it out: 남을 비판하다 ** scrap with: ~과 다투다

⑤ is the main cause that makes the relationship between

two people more distant 41. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?41)

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ

42. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르

시오. 42)

① frequently holds gatherings

② is anything but harmonious
③ spends time reading together
④ often travels abroad by airplane
⑤ frequently discusses creative issues

- 17 -
43. I에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것 45. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?45)
은?43) [202203H2_20주장추론_변형]

[202203H2_18목적추론_변형] Though we are marching toward a more global

As I explained on the telephone, I don’t want to take society, various ethnic groups traditionally do things
my two children by myself on a train trip to visit my quite differently, and a fresh perspective is valuable in
parents in Springfield this Saturday since it is the creating an open­minded child. Extensive multicultural
same day the Riverside Warriors will play the experience makes kids more creative (measured by
Greenville Trojans in the National Soccer how many ideas they can come up with and by
Championship. I would really appreciate it, therefore, if association skills) and allows them to capture
you could change my tickets to the following weekend unconventional ideas from other cultures to expand on
(April 23). I fully appreciate that the original, their own ideas. As a parent, you should expose your
special­offer ticket was non­exchangeable, but I did children to other cultures as often as possible. If you
not know about the soccer match when I booked the can, travel with your child to other countries; live there
tickets and I would be really grateful if you could do if possible. If neither is possible, there are lots of
this for me. Thank you in advance. things you can do at home, such as exploring local
festivals, borrowing library books about other cultures,
① 전화로 설명을 이미 설명했다. and cooking foods from different cultures at your
② 부모님께서 Springfield에 거주하신다. house.
③ 두 아이들을 혼자 데리고 가고 싶지 않다.
① Parents: Be Creative for Your Children
④ 특가로 제공된 기차표 교환 가능성을 알고 싶다.
② Open-Mind: What Parents Should Have for Your Kids
⑤ 예매할 당시에는 축구 경기가 같은 날인 줄을 몰랐다.
③ A New Perspective: The Power to Make World Better
④ Global Society: Not in Other Countries but in the
Home
⑤ Various Cultural Experience: The Source to Make
Kids Creative

44. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?44)

[202203H2_19심경추론_변형]
Hours later — when my back aches from sitting, my
hair is styled and dry, and my almost invisible makeup
① has been applying — Ash tells me it’s time to
change into my dress. We’ve been waiting until the
last minute, ② afraid any refreshments I eat might
accidentally fall onto it and stain it. There’s only thirty
minutes left until the show starts, and the nerves
③ that have been torturing Ash seem to have
escaped her, choosing a new victim in me. My palms
are ④ sweating, and I have butterflies in my stomach.
Nearly all the models are ready, ⑤ some of them
already dressed in their nineteenth­century costumes.
Ash tightens my corset.

- 18 -
 friend, but don’t beat yourself up if your friend’s
46. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?46) answer doesn’t change you in the same way. All of
[202203H2_21함축의미추론_변형] these approaches involve guessing and chance. And
Studies by Vosniado and Brewer illustrate Fish is that’s not a good way to strive for change in your
Fish­style assimilation in the context of young life.
children’s thinking about the earth. They worked with ① Benefits of Getting up Early
children who believed that the earth is flat (because
② Should We Always Accept Advice?
this fit their experiences) and attempted to help them
understand that, in fact, it is spherical. When told it is ③ How Many Hours Should We Sleep?
round, children often pictured the earth as a pancake ④ Genuine Advice from the Acquaintances
rather than as a sphere. If they were then told that it ⑤ How to Make Good Habits from Advice
is round like a sphere, they interpreted the new
information about a spherical earth within their
flat­earth view by picturing a pancake­like flat surface
inside or on top of a sphere, with humans standing
on top of the pancake. The model of the earth that
they had developed — and that helped them explain
how they could stand or walk upon its surface — did
48. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?48)
not fit the model of a spherical earth. Like the story
[202203H2_23주제추론_변형]
Fish is Fish, where a fish imagines everything on land
Individual human beings differ from one another
to be fish­like, everything the children heard was
physically in a multitude of visible and invisible ways.
incorporated into their preexisting views.
If races — as most people define them — are real
① 기존에 알려진 지식에 의문을 제기하고 비판해야 한다. biological entities, then people of African ancestry
② 새로운 정보는 바라보는 사람의 관점 내에서 해석된 would share a wide variety of traits while people of
다. European ancestry would share a wide variety of
different traits. But once we add traits that are less
③ 널리 알려진 이론들을 자신의 관점에서 해석해서 바라
visible than skin coloration, hair texture, and the like,
보아야 한다.
we find that the people we identify as “the same race”
④ 새로운 해석을 하는 것은 다른 사람들의 의견에 수용 are less and less like one another and more and more
되는 것을 포함한다. like people we identify as “different races.” Add to this
⑤ 새로운 정보를 해석하는 것은 상상력을 동원하지 말고 point that the physical features used to identify a
이성적으로 판단해야 한다. person as a representative of some race (e.g. skin
coloration) are continuously variable, so that one
cannot say where “brown skin” becomes “white skin.”
Although the physical differences themselves are real,
the way we use physical differences to classify people
into discrete races is a cultural construction.
47. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?47) * entity: 실체 ** discrete: 별개의
[202203H2_22요지추론_변형]
Advice from a friend or family member is the most ① 개별 인간은 여러 가지 측면에서 신체적으로 서로 매
well­meaning of all, but it’s not the best way to match 우 다르다.
yourself with a new habit. While hot yoga may have ② 생물학적 기준으로 아프리카계 혈통은 유럽계 혈통과
changed your friend’s life, does that mean it’s the 다른 특성을 갖는다.
right practice for you? We all have friends who swear ③ 생물학적 기준에 덜 가시적인 특성들을 더하면 그 특
their new habit of getting up at 4:30 a.m. changed 성들은 더욱 뚜렷해진다.
their lives and that we have to do it. I don’t doubt
④ 신체적 특성은 지속해서 변할 수 있어서 인종을 구별
that getting up super early changes people’s lives,
하는 기준이 될 수 없다.
sometimes in good ways and sometimes not. But be
cautious: You don’t know if this habit will actually ⑤ 실제로 신체적 특성을 인종을 구별하기 위해 사용하는
make your life better, especially if it means you get 방식은 문화적 구성이다.
less sleep. So yes, you can try what worked for your

- 19 -
49. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임 51. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임
이 적절하지 않은 것은?49) 이 적절하지 않은 것은?51)
[202203H2_24제목추론_변형] [202203H2_29어법추론_변형]
The realization of human domination over the Despite abundant warnings that we shouldn’t measure
environment began in the late 1700s with the ourselves against others, most of us still do. We’re not
① industrial revolution. Advances in manufacturing only meaning­seeking creatures but social ones as well,
transformed societies and economies while producing constantly making ① interpersonal comparisons to
② significant impacts on the environment. American evaluate ourselves, improve our standing, and enhance
society became structured on multiple industries’ our self­esteem. But the problem with social comparison
capitalistic goals as the development of the steam is that it often backfires. When comparing ourselves to
engine led to the mechanized production of goods in someone who’s doing ② better than we are, we often
mass quantities. Rural agricultural communities with feel inadequate for not doing as well. This sometimes
economies based on handmade goods and agriculture leads to what psychologists call malignant envy, the
were ③ abandoned for life in urban cities with large desire for someone to meet with ③ misfortune (“I
factories based on an economy of industrialized wish she didn’t have what she has”). Also, comparing
manufacturing. Innovations in the production of ourselves with someone who’s doing worse than we
textiles, iron, and steel provided increased ④ losses to are risks scorn, the feeling that others are something
private companies. Simultaneously, those industries ④ undeserving of our beneficence (“She’s beneath my
exerted ⑤ authority over the environment and began notice”). Then again, comparing ourselves to others
dumping hazardous by­products in public lands and can also lead to benign envy, the longing to
waterways. reproduce someone else’s accomplishments without
wishing them ill (“I wish I had what she has”), which
has been shown in some circumstances to inspire and
motivate us to ⑤ decrease our efforts in spite of a
recent failure.
* backfire: 역효과를 내다 ** scorn: 경멸

50. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?50)

[202203H2_28내용일치_변형]
Gordon Parks was a photographer, author, film
director, and musician. He documented the everyday
lives of African Americans at a time ① when few people
outside the black community were familiar with their
lives. Parks was born the youngest of 15 children and
② grew up on his family’s farm. After the death of his
mother, he went to live with a sister in Minnesota.
Parks eventually dropped out of school and worked at
various jobs. His interest in photography ③ inspired
by a photo­essay he read about migrant farm workers.
After he moved to Chicago, Parks began ④ taking
photos of poor African Americans. In 1949, he became
the first African American to be a staff photographer
for Life magazine. He also wrote music pieces in his
life and in 1956 the Vienna Orchestra performed a
piano concerto ⑤ that he wrote. Parks was an inspiring
artist until he died in 2006.

- 20 -
 Dr. Martin Luther King said, “The ultimate test of a
52. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말 man is not where he stands in moments of comfort
and convenience, but where he stands at times of
로 가장 적절한 것은?52)
challenge and controversy.” And so be careful of
[202203H2_30어휘추론_변형]
friends who are always eager to take from you but
What exactly does normal science involve? According
reluctant to give back even in their little ways. If they
to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of
lack the commitment to sail with you through difficult
puzzle­solving. However successful a paradigm is, it
weather, then they are more likely to abandon your
will always encounter certain problems — phenomena
ship when it stops.
which it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches
between the theory’s predictions and the experimental * loiter: 서성거리다 ** fawn: 알랑거리다

facts. The job of the normal scientist is to try to ① 리더의 역량에 따라 구성원들의 결집력이 결정된다.
eliminate these minor puzzles while making as few
② 진정한 동반자는 어려운 시기에 함께하는 사람이다.
changes as possible to the paradigm. So normal
science is a (A) [conservative / radical] activity — its ③ 어려운 시기에는 서로 힘을 합쳐 노력할 필요가 있다.
practitioners are not trying to make any ④ 편안하고 안정적인 시기에 진정한 팀워크가 형성된다.
earth­shattering discoveries, but rather just to develop ⑤ 조직 내에서 배신하는 구성원을 찾는 것은 리더의 몫
and extend the existing paradigm. In Kuhn’s words, 이다.
‘normal science does not aim at novelties of fact or
theory, and when successful finds none’. Above all,
Kuhn stressed that normal scientists are not trying to
(B) [accept / test] the paradigm. On the contrary, they
accept the paradigm unquestioningly, and conduct
54. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임
their research within the limits it sets. If a normal
scientist gets an experimental result which is
이 적절하지 않은 것은?54)
[202203H2_32빈칸추론_변형]
(C) [consistent / inconsistent] with the paradigm, they
When you’re driving a car, your memory of how to
will usually assume that their experimental technique is
① operate the vehicle comes from one set of brain
faulty, not that the paradigm is wrong.
cells; the memory of how to navigate the streets to
* practitioner: (어떤 일을) 실행하는 사람
get to your destination springs from another set of
(A) (B) (C) neurons; the memory of driving rules and following
① conservative accept inconsistent street signs originates from another family of brain
cells; and the thoughts and feelings you have about
② conservative test inconsistent
the driving experience itself, including any close calls
③ conservative test consistent with other cars, come from yet another group of cells.
④ radical accept consistent You do not have conscious awareness of all these
⑤ radical test consistent separate mental plays and cognitive neural firings, yet
they somehow work ② separately in beautiful harmony
to synthesize your overall experience. In fact, we don’t
even know the real difference between how we
③ remember and how we think. But, we do know
they are strongly intertwined. That is why truly
53. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?53) improving memory can never simply be about using
[202203H2_31빈칸추론_변형] memory tricks, although they can be helpful in
Around the boss, you will always find people coming ④ strengthening certain components of memory. Here’s
across as friends, good subordinates, or even great the bottom line: To improve and ⑤ preserve memory
sympathizers. But some do not truly belong. One day, at the cognitive level, you have to work on all
an incident will blow their cover, and then you will functions of your brain.
know where they truly belong. When it is all cosy and * close call: 위기일발 ** intertwine: 뒤얽히게 하다
safe, they will be there, loitering the corridors and
fawning at the slightest opportunity. But as soon as
difficulties arrive, they are the first to be found
missing. And difficult times are the true test of loyalty.

- 21 -
 or paired with a friend) did not differ in their ratings
55. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?55) of funniness of the video or of feelings of happiness
[202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형] or anxiousness. This finding implies that their
According to many philosophers, there is a purely frequency of laughter was not because we find things
logical reason why science will never be able to funnier when we are with others but instead we are
explain everything. For in order to explain something, using laughter to connect with others.
whatever it is, we need to invoke something else. But
① a humorous video
what explains the second thing? To illustrate, recall
that Newton explained a diverse range of phenomena ② the role of laughter
using his law of gravity. But what explains the law of ③ watching video alone
gravity itself? If someone asks why all bodies exert a ④ the environment of the meeting
gravitational attraction on each other, what should we ⑤ the difference between the friends and strangers
tell them? Newton had no answer to this question. In
Newtonian science the law of gravity was a
fundamental principle: it explained other things, but
could not itself be explained. The moral generalizes.
However much the science of the future can explain,
the explanations it gives will have to make use of
certain fundamental laws and principles. Since nothing
can explain itself, it follows that at least some of these
57. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 digital natives가 의미하는
laws and principles will themselves remain unexplained.
바로 가장 적절한 것은?57)
* invoke: 언급하다
[202203H2_35무관한문장_변형]
① Science: The Origin of Everything Today’s “digital natives” have grown up immersed in
② The Science Is Nearing Completion digital technologies and possess the technical aptitude
to utilize the powers of their devices fully. But
③ Can Everything Be Explained by Science?
although they know which apps to use or which
④ The Reason Why We Should Learn Science
websites to visit, they do not necessarily understand
⑤ Newton's Law of Gravity: The Perfect Theory the workings behind the touch screen. People need
technological literacy if they are to understand
machines’ mechanics and uses. In much the same way
as factory workers a hundred years ago needed to
understand the basic structures of engines, we need to
understand the elemental principles behind our
devices. This empowers us to deploy software and
56. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?56)
hardware to their fullest utility, maximizing our powers
[202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형]
to achieve and create.
In one example of the important role of laughter in
* deploy: 사용하다
social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined
frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or ① adults who knows the elemental principles
friends who watched a humorous video together
② people maximizing their powers for engines
compared to those who watched it alone. The time
③ those who understand machines’ basic foundations
individuals spent laughing was nearly twice as frequent
in pairs as when alone. Frequency of laughing was ④ generation incapable of employing the powers of
only slightly shorter for friends than strangers. devices
According to Devereux and Ginsburg, laughing with ⑤ people who can handle digital technology well
strangers served to create a social bond that made enough
each person in the pair feel comfortable. This
explanation is supported by the fact that in their
stranger condition, when one person laughed, the
other was likely to laugh as well. Interestingly, the
three social conditions (alone, paired with a stranger,

- 22 -
58. 다음 글에 관한 내용과 일치하는 것은?58) 59. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임
[202203H2_36순서추론_변형] 이 적절하지 않은 것은? 59)
The ancient Greeks used to describe two very [202203H2_37순서추론_변형]
different ways of thinking — logos and mythos. Logos There is no doubt that the length of some literary
roughly referred to the world of the logical, the works is overwhelming. Reading or translating a work
empirical, the scientific. Mythos referred to the world in class, hour after hour, week after week, can be such
of dreams, storytelling and symbols. Like many a ① boring experience that many students never want
rationalists today, some philosophers of Greece prized to open a foreign language book again. Extracts
logos and looked down at mythos. Logic and reason, provide one type of solution. The advantages are
they concluded, make us modern; storytelling and obvious: reading a series of passages from different
mythmaking are primitive. But lots of scholars then works produces more ② variety in the classroom, so
and now — including many anthropologists, that the teacher has a greater chance of avoiding
sociologists and philosophers today — see a more monotony, while still giving learners a taste at least of
complicated picture, where mythos and logos are an author’s special flavour. On the other hand, a
intertwined and interdependent. Science itself, student who is only exposed to ‘bite­sized chunks’ will
according to this view, relies on stories. The frames never have the satisfaction of knowing the ③ fractional
and metaphors we use to understand the world shape pattern of a book, which is after all the satisfaction
the scientific discoveries we make; they even shape most of us seek when we read something in our own
what we see. When our frames and metaphors change, language. Moreover, there are some literary features
the world itself is transformed. The Copernican that cannot be adequately illustrated by a ④ short
Revolution involved more than just scientific excerpt: the development of plot or character, for
calculation; it involved a new story about the place of instance, with the ⑤ gradual involvement of the reader
Earth in the universe. that this implies; or the unfolding of a complex theme
* empirical: 경험적인 through the juxtaposition of contrasting views.
* excerpt: 발췌 ** juxtaposition: 병치
① 고대 그리스 인들은 ‘logos’와 ‘mythos’를 같은 방식으
로 설명했다.
② ‘logos’는 상징의 세계를, ‘mythos’ 과학적 세계를 지칭
했다.
③ ‘logos’를 높이 평가하는 그리스의 일부 철학자 들은
현대의 합리주의자들의 생각과 일치한다.
④ 우리가 세상을 이해하기 위해 사용하는 생각의 틀과
은유는 우리가 하는 과학적 발견으로부터 형성 되었
다.
⑤ 고대와 현대의 학자들은 더 복잡하게 상황을 이해하지
만, ‘mythos’와 ‘logos’는 뒤얽혀 있고 상호 의존적이라
는데 합의하지 않는다.

- 23 -
 of times during their season. If fans and members are
60. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?60) unable to get into a venue, that revenue is ④ lost
[202203H2_38문장삽입_변형] forever. Although sport clubs and leagues may have a
In the early stages of modern science, scientists fixed supply schedule, it is possible to increase the
communicated their creative ideas largely by publishing number of consumers ⑤ whose watch. For example,
books. This modus operandi is illustrated not only by the supply of a sport product can be increased by
Newton’s Principia, but also by Copernicus’ On the providing more seats, changing the venue, extending
Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Kepler’s The the playing season or even through new television,
Harmonies of the World, and Galileo’s Dialogues radio or Internet distribution.
Concerning the Two New Sciences. With the advent of * memorabilia: 기념품 ** venue: 경기장
scientific periodicals, such as the Transactions of the
Royal Society of London, books gradually yielded
ground to the technical journal article as the chief
form of scientific communication. Of course, books
were not abandoned altogether, as Darwin’s Origin of
Species shows. Even so, it eventually became possible
for scientists to establish a reputation for their creative
contributions without publishing a single book­length
treatment of their ideas. For instance, the revolutionary
ideas that earned Einstein his Nobel Prize ― 62. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임
concerning the special theory of relativity and the 이 적절하지 않은 것은?62)
photoelectric effect ― appeared as papers in the [202203H2_40요약문추론_변형]

Annalen der Physik. His status as one of the greatest Distance is a reliable indicator of the relationship
scientists of all time does not depend on the between two people. Strangers stand further apart
publication of a single book. than do acquaintances, acquaintances stand further
apart than friends, and friends stand further apart than
* photoelectric effect: 광전 효과 ** modus operandi: 작업 방식[절차]
romantic partners. Sometimes, of course, these rules
① Is Publishing Books Essential to Scientists? are ① violated. Recall the last time you rode 20
② Creativity: Unique to the Greatest Scientists stories in an elevator packed with total strangers. The
③ How to Establish a Reputation for Scientists sardine­like experience no doubt made the situation a
bit ② uncomfortable. With your physical space violated,
④ Books: Ground to the Scientific Communication
you may have tried to create “psychological” space by
⑤ Innovative Ideas Contributing to the Status of ③ avoiding eye contact, focusing instead on the
Scientists elevator buttons. By ④ increasing closeness in one
nonverbal channel (eye contact), one can compensate
for unwanted closeness in another channel (proximity).
Similarly, if you are talking with someone who is seated
several feet away at a large table, you are likely to
⑤ maintain constant eye contact — something you
might feel uncomfortable doing if you were standing
61. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?61) next to each other.
[202203H2_39문장삽입_변형]
* sardine­like: 승객이 빽빽이 들어찬 ** proximity: 근접성
A supply schedule refers to the ability of a business
to change their production rates to meet the demand
of consumers. Some businesses are able to increase
their production level ① quickly in order to meet
increased demand. However, sporting clubs have a
fixed, or inflexible (inelastic) production capacity. They
have ② what is known as a fixed supply schedule. It
is worth noting ③ that this is not the case for sales
of clothing, equipment, memberships and memorabilia.
But clubs and teams can only play a certain number

- 24 -
63. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말 65. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말
로 가장 적절한 것은?63) 로 가장 적절한 것은?65)
[202203H2_18목적추론_변형] [202203H2_20주장추론_변형]
As I explained on the telephone, I don’t want to take Though we are marching toward a more global
my two children by myself on a train trip to visit my society, various ethnic groups traditionally do things
parents in Springfield this Saturday since it is the quite differently, and a fresh perspective is valuable in
(A) [different / same] day the Riverside Warriors will creating an open­minded child. (A) [Extensive / Limited]
play the Greenville Trojans in the National Soccer multicultural experience makes kids more creative
Championship. I would really appreciate it, therefore, if (measured by how many ideas they can come up with
you could (B) [change / refund] my tickets to the and by association skills) and allows them to capture
following weekend (April 23). I fully appreciate that the (B) [conventional / unconventional] ideas from other
original, special­offer ticket was non­exchangeable, but cultures to expand on their own ideas. As a parent,
I did not know about the soccer match when I you should (C) [restrict / expose] your children to
booked the tickets and I would be really other cultures as often as possible. If you can, travel
(C) [disappointed / grateful] if you could do this for with your child to other countries; live there if
me. Thank you in advance. possible. If neither is possible, there are lots of things
you can do at home, such as exploring local festivals,
(A) (B) (C)
borrowing library books about other cultures, and
① different change disappointed
cooking foods from different cultures at your house.
② same change grateful
③ different refund disappointed (A) (B) (C)
④ same refund grateful ① Extensive unconventional restrict
⑤ different refund grateful
② Extensive conventional restrict
③ Extensive unconventional expose
④ Limited conventional expose
⑤ Limited unconventional restrict

64. 밑줄 친 choosing a new victim in me가 다음

글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?64)
[202203H2_19심경추론_변형]
Hours later — when my back aches from sitting, my
hair is styled and dry, and my almost invisible makeup
has been applied — Ash tells me it’s time to change
into my dress. We’ve been waiting until the last
minute, afraid any refreshments I eat might
accidentally fall onto it and stain it. There’s only thirty
minutes left until the show starts, and the nerves that
have been torturing Ash seem to have escaped her,
choosing a new victim in me. My palms are sweating,
and I have butterflies in my stomach. Nearly all the
models are ready, some of them already dressed in
their nineteenth­century costumes. Ash tightens my
corset.

① getting me out of trouble

② making me change clothes
③ letting me meet a new victim
④ making me nervous with irritability
⑤ letting me go looking for butterflies

- 25 -
 that’s not a good way to strive for change in your
66. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?66) life.
[202203H2_21함축된의미파악_변형]
① 친구나 가족은 가장 좋은 뜻에서 조언을 해준다.
Studies by Vosniado and Brewer illustrate Fish is
Fish­style assimilation in the context of young ② 핫 요가가 친구의 삶을 바꾸어 놓았을지도 모른다.
children’s thinking about the earth. They worked with ③ 일찍 일어나는 습관은 좋은 방식으로만 삶을 바꾼다.
children who believed that the earth is flat (because ④ 새벽기상으로 잠을 더 적게 자게 된다면 좋지 않을 수
this fit their experiences) and attempted to help them 있다.
understand that, in fact, it is spherical. When told it is
⑤ 타인의 해결책으로 바꾸지 않는다고 자책하지 않아도
round, children often pictured the earth as a pancake
된다.
rather than as a sphere. If they were then told that it
is round like a sphere, they interpreted the new
information about a spherical earth within their
flat­earth view by picturing a pancake­like flat surface
inside or on top of a sphere, with humans standing
on top of the pancake. The model of the earth that
they had developed — and that helped them explain
68. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말
how they could stand or walk upon its surface — did
not fit the model of a spherical earth. Like the story 로 가장 적절한 것은?68)
[202203H2_23주제추론_변형]
Fish is Fish, where a fish imagines everything on land
Individual human beings differ from one another
to be fish­like, everything the children heard was
physically in a multitude of visible and invisible ways.
incorporated into their preexisting views.
If races — as most people define them — are real
① Fishing: The Best Way to Learn Cooperate biological entities, then people of African ancestry
② Children’s Imperfect Ability to Learn Something would share a wide variety of traits while people of
③ The Learning Tendency of Children: Assimilation European ancestry would share a wide variety of
(A) [different / similar] traits. But once we add traits
④ Flat Earth Theory: An Attractive Theory for Children
that are less visible than skin coloration, hair texture,
⑤ Kids’ Persistence Not to Change Their Own Opinion and the like, we find that the people we identify as
“the same race” are less and less like one another and
more and more like people we identify as “different
races.” Add to this point that the (B) [physiological /
physical] features used to identify a person as a
representative of some race (e.g. skin coloration) are
continuously variable, so that one cannot say where
67. 다음 글에 관한 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?67) “brown skin” becomes “white skin.” Although the
[202203H2_22요지추론_변형] physical differences themselves are real, the way we
Advice from a friend or family member is the most use physical differences to classify people into discrete
well­meaning of all, but it’s not the best way to match races is a (C) [cultivated / cultural] construction.
yourself with a new habit. While hot yoga may have
* entity: 실체 ** discrete: 별개의
changed your friend’s life, does that mean it’s the
right practice for you? We all have friends who swear (A) (B) (C)
their new habit of getting up at 4:30 a.m. changed ① similar physiological cultural
their lives and that we have to do it. I don’t doubt
② different physical cultural
that getting up super early changes people’s lives,
③ different physiological cultivated
sometimes in good ways and sometimes not. But be
cautious: You don’t know if this habit will actually ④ similar physical cultural
make your life better, especially if it means you get ⑤ similar physiological cultivated
less sleep. So yes, you can try what worked for your
friend, but don’t beat yourself up if your friend’s
answer doesn’t change you in the same way. All of
these approaches involve guessing and chance. And

- 26 -
69. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? 69)
70. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말
[202203H2_24제목추론_변형]
로 가장 적절한 것은?70)
The realization of human domination over the
[202203H2_28내용일치_변형]
environment began in the late 1700s with the Gordon Parks was a photographer, author, film
industrial revolution. Advances in manufacturing
director, and musician. He documented the everyday
transformed societies and economies while producing lives of African Americans at a time when few people
significant impacts on the environment. American outside the black community were (A) [accustomed /
society became structured on multiple industries’
ignorant] with their lives. Parks was born the youngest
capitalistic goals as the development of the steam of 15 children and grew up on his family’s farm. After
engine led to the mechanized production of goods in the death of his mother, he went to live with a sister
mass quantities. Rural agricultural communities with
in Minnesota. Parks eventually dropped out of school
economies based on handmade goods and agriculture and worked at various jobs. His interest in
were abandoned for life in urban cities with large photography was (B) [frustrated / motivated] by a
factories based on an economy of industrialized
photo­essay he read about migrant farm workers. After
manufacturing. Innovations in the production of he moved to Chicago, Parks began taking photos of
textiles, iron, and steel provided increased profits to poor African Americans. In 1949, he became the first
private companies. Simultaneously, those industries
African American to be a staff photographer for Life
exerted authority over the environment and began magazine. He also wrote music pieces in his life and
dumping hazardous by­products in public lands and in 1956 the Vienna Orchestra performed a piano
waterways.
concerto he wrote. Parks was an (C) [insignificant /
① 제조업의 발달은 사회와 경제 구조를 변화시켰다. influential] artist until he died in 2006.

② 산업 혁명을 하면서 인간들은 환경에 큰 영향을 주었 (A) (B) (C)

다. ① ignorant frustrated influential
③ 증기 기관의 발달과 함께 대량 생산을 할 수 있게 되 ② ignorant motivated insignificant
었다.
③ accustomed frustrated influential
④ 대량 생산과 함께 수제 상품과 농업에 기반을 둔 시골
④ accustomed motivated influential
도 함께 발달하게 되었다.
⑤ accustomed motivated insignificant
⑤ 사기업들은 이윤이 증대하면서 공공 토지와 수로에 부
산물을 버리기 시작했다.

- 27 -
 eliminate these minor puzzles while ② making as few
71. 밑줄 친 often backfires가 다음 글에서 의미하는 changes as possible to the paradigm. So normal
science is a conservative activity — its practitioners are
바로 가장 적절한 것은?71)
not trying ③ to make any earth­shattering discoveries,
[202203H2_29어법추론_변형]
but rather just to develop and extend the existing
Despite abundant warnings that we shouldn’t measure
paradigm. In Kuhn’s words, ‘normal science does not
ourselves against others, most of us still do. We’re not
aim at novelties of fact or theory, and when successful
only meaning­seeking creatures but social ones as well,
finds none’. Above all, Kuhn stressed that normal
constantly making interpersonal comparisons to
scientists are not trying to test the paradigm. On the
evaluate ourselves, improve our standing, and enhance
contrary, they accept the paradigm ④ unquestioningly,
our self­esteem. But the problem with social
and conduct their research within the limits it sets. If a
comparison is that it often backfires. When comparing
normal scientist gets an experimental result which
ourselves to someone who’s doing better than we are,
conflicts with the paradigm, they will usually assume
we often feel inadequate for not doing as well. This
⑤ what their experimental technique is faulty, not that
sometimes leads to what psychologists call malignant
the paradigm is wrong.
envy, the desire for someone to meet with misfortune
(“I wish she didn’t have what she has”). Also, * practitioner: (어떤 일을) 실행하는 사람

comparing ourselves with someone who’s doing worse

than we are risks scorn, the feeling that others are
something undeserving of our beneficence (“She’s
beneath my notice”). Then again, comparing ourselves
to others can also lead to benign envy, the longing to
reproduce someone else’s accomplishments without
wishing them ill (“I wish I had what she has”), which
has been shown in some circumstances to inspire and 73. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임
motivate us to increase our efforts in spite of a recent
이 적절하지 않은 것은?73)
failure.
[202203H2_31빈칸추론_변형]
* scorn: 경멸 Around the boss, you will always find people coming
① is likely to violate the dignity of acquaintance across as friends, good ① subordinates, or even great
sympathizers. But some do not truly belong. One day,
② is dependent upon how high social rank one has
an incident will blow their cover, and then you will
③ is under the influence of earlier educational
know where they truly belong. When it is all cosy and
background safe, they will be there, ② loitering the corridors and
④ could lead to unintentionally adverse effect of fawning at the slightest opportunity. But as soon as
comparison difficulties arrive, they are the first to be found
⑤ is able to break up close relationship between missing. And difficult times are the true test of
comparisons ③ loyalty. Dr. Martin Luther King said, “The ultimate
test of a man is not where he stands in moments of
comfort and convenience, but where he stands at
times of challenge and controversy.” And so be careful
of friends who are always eager to take from you but
④ reluctant to give back even in their little ways. If
they lack the commitment to sail with you through
72. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?72)
difficult weather, then they are less likely to ⑤ abandon
[202203H2_30어휘추론_변형]
your ship when it stops.
What exactly does normal science involve? According
* fawn: 알랑거리다
to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of
puzzle­solving. However ① successful a paradigm is, it
will always encounter certain problems — phenomena
which it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches
between the theory’s predictions and the experimental
facts. The job of the normal scientist is to try to

- 28 -
74. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?74) 75. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?75)
[202203H2_32빈칸추론_변형] [202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형]
When you’re driving a car, your memory of how to According to many philosophers, there is a purely
operate the vehicle comes from one set of brain cells; logical reason why science will never be able to
the memory of how to navigate the streets to get to explain everything. For in order to explain something,
your destination springs from another set of neurons; whatever it is, we need to invoke something else. But
the memory of driving rules and following street signs what explains the second thing? To illustrate, recall
originates from another family of brain cells; and the that Newton explained a diverse range of phenomena
thoughts and feelings you have about the driving using his law of gravity. But what explains the law of
experience itself, including any close calls with other gravity itself? If someone asks why all bodies exert a
cars, come from yet another group of cells. You do gravitational attraction on each other, what should we
not have conscious awareness of all these separate tell them? Newton had no answer to this question. In
mental plays and cognitive neural firings, yet they Newtonian science the law of gravity was a
somehow work together in beautiful harmony to fundamental principle: it explained other things, but
synthesize your overall experience. In fact, we don’t could not itself be explained. The moral generalizes.
even know the real difference between how we However much the science of the future can explain,
remember and how we think. But, we do know they the explanations it gives will have to make use of
are strongly intertwined. That is why truly improving certain fundamental laws and principles. Since nothing
memory can never simply be about using memory can explain itself, it follows that at least some of these
tricks, although they can be helpful in strengthening laws and principles will themselves remain unexplained.
certain components of memory. Here’s the bottom * invoke: 언급하다
line: To improve and preserve memory at the cognitive
① Newton explained various phenomena with the law
level, you have to work on all functions of your brain.
of gravity
* close call: 위기일발 ** intertwine: 뒤얽히게 하다
② A comprehensive principle is needed to explain all
① 기억력 개선에는 뇌의 모든 기능을 활용할 필요가 있
phenomena
다.
③ Some of the laws and principles remain unexplained
② 뇌의 특정 기능만이 우리의 기억력 향상에 영향을 준
다. by themselves

③ 기억의 특정 구성 요소는 우리가 의식하는 것대로 활 ④ Some of the laws and principles are sufficient to
성화된다. explain scientific phenomena
④ 우리는 기억력을 향상시키기 위해 의식적으로 기억력 ⑤ Some of the laws and principles do not need to be
기술을 사용한다. explained as logically valid in themselves
⑤ 우리가 기억하는 방식은 뇌세포가 얼마나 잘 활성화
되는지에 따라 다르다.

- 29 -
 hardware to their fullest utility, maximizing our powers
76. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?76) to achieve and create.
[202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형] * deploy: 사용하다
In one example of the important role of laughter in
① Never Mind Technical Illiteracy
social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined
frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or ② How to Make Yourself a Native
friends who watched a humorous video together ③ The Essence of the Factories: Workers
compared to those who watched it alone. The time ④ The Harmony of Software and Hardware
individuals spent laughing was nearly twice as frequent ⑤ See the Invisible to Make Full Use of Technology
in pairs as when alone. Frequency of laughing was
only slightly shorter for friends than strangers.
According to Devereux and Ginsburg, laughing with
strangers served to create a social bond that made
each person in the pair feel comfortable. This
explanation is supported by the fact that in their
stranger condition, when one person laughed, the
78. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?78)
other was likely to laugh as well. Interestingly, the
[202203H2_36순서추론_변형]
three social conditions (alone, paired with a stranger, The ancient Greeks used to describe two very
or paired with a friend) did not differ in their ratings different ways of thinking — logos and mythos. Logos
of funniness of the video or of feelings of happiness roughly referred to the world of the logical, the
or anxiousness. This finding implies that their empirical, the scientific. Mythos referred to the world
frequency of laughter was not because we find things of dreams, storytelling and symbols. Like many
funnier when we are with others but instead we are rationalists today, some philosophers of Greece prized
using laughter to connect with others. logos and looked down at mythos. Logic and reason,
① 혼자 있을 때 웃음은 진정한 웃음이 아니다. they concluded, make us modern; storytelling and
mythmaking are primitive. But lots of scholars then
② 유대관계 형성을 위해 웃음을 잘 활용해야 한다.
and now — including many anthropologists, sociologists
③ 사회적 상황 요인들은 유대 관계에 큰 역할을 한다.
and philosophers today — see a more complicated
④ 함께 있는 사람과의 친밀도에 따라 웃음의 빈도에 큰 picture, where mythos and logos are intertwined and
차이가 난다. interdependent. Science itself, according to this view,
⑤ 다른 사람과 친해지기 위한 사회적 상황에서 웃음의 relies on stories. The frames and metaphors we use to
영향력은 크다. understand the world shape the scientific discoveries
we make; they even shape what we see. When our
frames and metaphors change, the world itself is
transformed. The Copernican Revolution involved more
than just scientific calculation; it involved a new story
about the place of Earth in the universe.
77. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?77) * empirical: 경험적인
[202203H2_35무관한문장_변형]
Today’s “digital natives” have grown up immersed in ① mythos는 logos를 형상화하는데 도움이 된다.
digital technologies and possess the technical aptitude ② 생각의 틀을 벗어나면 logos의 이해도가 증가한다.
to utilize the powers of their devices fully. But ③ 균형 잡힌 개념을 유지하면 부정적 경험을 감소시킨
although they know which apps to use or which 다.
websites to visit, they do not necessarily understand
④ mythos와 logos는 상호 의존적이라서 서로 영향을 미
the workings behind the touch screen. People need
친다.
technological literacy if they are to understand
⑤ mythos를 경시하는 사고방식은 코페르니쿠스 혁명에
machines’ mechanics and uses. In much the same way
as factory workers a hundred years ago needed to 포함된다.
understand the basic structures of engines, we need to
understand the elemental principles behind our
devices. This empowers us to deploy software and

- 30 -
79. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?79) 80. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?80)
[202203H2_37순서추론_변형] [202203H2_38문장삽입_변형]

There is no doubt that the length of some literary In the early stages of modern science, scientists
works is overwhelming. Reading or translating a work communicated their creative ideas largely by
in class, hour after hour, week after week, can be such ① publishing books. This modus operandi is illustrated
a boring experience that many students never want to not only by Newton’s Principia, but also by
open a foreign language book again. Extracts provide Copernicus’ On the Revolutions of the Heavenly
one type of solution. The advantages are obvious: Spheres, Kepler’s The Harmonies of the World, and
reading a series of passages from different works Galileo’s Dialogues Concerning the Two New Sciences.
produces more variety in the classroom, so that the With the advent of scientific periodicals, such as the
teacher has a greater chance of avoiding monotony, Transactions of the Royal Society of London, books
while still giving learners a taste at least of an ② were gradually yielded ground to the technical
author’s special flavour. On the other hand, a student journal article as the chief form of scientific
who is only exposed to ‘bite­sized chunks’ will never communication. Of course, books were not abandoned
have the satisfaction of knowing the overall pattern of altogether, as Darwin’s Origin of Species shows. Even
a book, which is after all the satisfaction most of us so, it eventually became ③ possible for scientists to
seek when we read something in our own language. establish a reputation for their creative contributions
Moreover, there are some literary features that cannot without publishing a single book­length treatment of
be adequately illustrated by a short excerpt: the their ideas. For instance, the revolutionary ideas
development of plot or character, for instance, with ④ which earned Einstein his Nobel Prize ― concerning
the gradual involvement of the reader that this the special theory of relativity and the photoelectric
implies; or the unfolding of a complex theme through effect ― appeared as papers in the Annalen der
the juxtaposition of contrasting views. Physik. His status as one of the greatest scientists of
all time ⑤ does not depend on the publication of a
* excerpt: 발췌 ** juxtaposition: 병치
single book.
① the charm of reversal in literature * photoelectric effect: 광전 효과 ** modus operandi: 작업 방식[절차]
② the importance of extensive reading
③ reading education through literature classes
④ difficulty reading books written in foreign languages
⑤ advantages and limits of reading excerpts from literary
works

- 31 -
81. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?81) 82. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?82)
[202203H2_39문장삽입_변형] [202203H2_40요약문추론_변형]
A supply schedule refers to the ability of a business Distance is a reliable indicator of the relationship
to change their production rates to meet the demand between two people. Strangers stand further apart
of consumers. Some businesses are able to increase than do acquaintances, acquaintances stand further
their production level quickly in order to meet apart than friends, and friends stand further apart than
increased demand. However, sporting clubs have a romantic partners. Sometimes, of course, these rules
fixed, or inflexible (inelastic) production capacity. They are violated. Recall the last time you rode 20 stories
have what is known as a fixed supply schedule. It is in an elevator packed with total strangers. The
worth noting that this is not the case for sales of sardine­like experience no doubt made the situation a
clothing, equipment, memberships and memorabilia. bit uncomfortable. With your physical space violated,
But clubs and teams can only play a certain number you may have tried to create “psychological” space by
of times during their season. If fans and members are avoiding eye contact, focusing instead on the elevator
unable to get into a venue, that revenue is lost buttons. By reducing closeness in one nonverbal
forever. Although sport clubs and leagues may have a channel (eye contact), one can compensate for
fixed supply schedule, it is possible to increase the unwanted closeness in another channel (proximity).
number of consumers who watch. For example, the Similarly, if you are talking with someone who is
supply of a sport product can be increased by seated several feet away at a large table, you are
providing more seats, changing the venue, extending likely to maintain constant eye contact — something
the playing season or even through new television, you might feel uncomfortable doing if you were
radio or Internet distribution. standing next to each other.
* memorabilia: 기념품 ** venue: 경기장 * sardine­like: 승객이 빽빽이 들어찬 ** proximity: 근접성

① Demerits of Fixed Schedule ① The Importance of Keeping Psychological Distance

② The Importance of Revenue for Sporting Clubs between Strangers

③ Inelastic Ability Promoting Profits in Sport Clubs ② Various Factors to Close Psychological Distance

④ Satisfying Increased Demand by Fixing Supply Schedule between Coworkers

⑤ How Sport Clubs Overcome Limitations of a Supply ③ Physical Distance: More Important than Psychological

Schedule Distance in Social Life

④ Nonverbal Communication: A Way to Adjust a
Psychological Distance
⑤ Limited Influence of Nonverbal Communication on
Keeping Physical Distance

- 32 -
83. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임 ※ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. [85-86]
[202203H2_41~42장문2문항_변형]
이 적절하지 않은 것은?83)
Being able to have a good fight doesn’t just make us
[202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형]
According to many philosophers, there is a purely more civil; it also develops our creative muscles. In a
classic study, highly creative architects were more likely
logical reason why science will never be able to
explain everything. For in order to explain something, than their technically competent but less original peers
whatever it is, we need to ① invoke something else. to come from homes with plenty of ⓐ friction. They
often grew up in households that were “tense but
But what explains the second thing? To illustrate, recall
that Newton explained a ② diverse range of secure,” as psychologist Robert Albert notes: “The
phenomena using his law of gravity. But what explains creative person­to­be comes from a family that is
anything but harmonious.” The parents weren’t
the law of gravity itself? If someone asks why all
bodies exert a gravitational attraction on each other, physically or verbally abusive, but they didn’t shy away

what should we tell them? Newton had no answer to from conflict, either. Instead of telling their children to
be seen but not heard, they encouraged them to
this question. In Newtonian science the law of gravity
was a ③ fundamental principle: it explained other ⓑ assert themselves. The kids learned to dish it out
things, but could not itself be explained. The ④ moral — and take it. That’s exactly what happened to Wilbur
and Orville Wright, who invented the airplane.
generalizes. However much the science of the future
can explain, the explanations it gives will have to When the Wright brothers said they thought
make use of certain fundamental laws and principles. together, what they really meant is that they fought
Since nothing can explain itself, it follows that at least together. When they were solving problems, they had
some of these laws and principles will themselves arguments that ⓒ lasted not just for hours but for
remain ⑤ explained. weeks and months at a time. They didn’t have such
* invoke: 언급하다 ⓓ temporary fights because they were angry. They
kept quarreling because they enjoyed it and learned
from the experience. “I like scrapping with Orv,” Wilbur
reflected. As you’ll see, it was one of their most
passionate and prolonged arguments that led them to
84. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?84) rethink a critical assumption that had ⓔ prevented
[202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형]
humans from soaring through the skies.
In one example of the important role of laughter in
* dish it out: 남을 비판하다 ** scrap with: ~과 다투다
social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined
frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or
friends who watched a humorous video together 85. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이
① compared to those who watched it alone. The time
적절하지 않은 것은?85)
individuals spent laughing was nearly twice as
② frequently in pairs as when alone. Frequency of
laughing was only slightly shorter for friends than ① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
strangers. According to Devereux and Ginsburg,
laughing with strangers ③ served to create a social 86. 윗글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?86)
bond that made each person in the pair feel
① 갈등이 있는 가정에서 더 창의적인 건축가가 나올 수
comfortable. This explanation is supported by the fact
있다.
that in their stranger condition, when one person
② 긴장감 있고 조화로운 가정에서 창의적 인재가 나올
laughed, ④ the other was likely to laugh as well.
Interestingly, the three social conditions (alone, paired 수 있다.
with a stranger, or paired with a friend) did not differ ③ 비판하고 비판을 받아들이는 것이 창의성에 도움이 된
in their ratings of funniness of the video or of feelings 다.
of happiness or anxiousness. This finding implies ④ Wright brothers는 하늘을 나는 문제에 대해 장기적인
⑤ that their frequency of laughter was not because 논쟁을 했다.
we find things funnier when we are with others but
⑤ Wright brothers는 화가 나서 끊임없이 논쟁을 이어간
instead we are using laughter to connect with others.
것은 아니었다.

- 33 -
87. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르 89. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?89)
시오.87) [202203H2_20주장추론_변형]

[202203H2_18목적추론_변형] Though we are marching toward a more global

As I explained on the telephone, I don’t want to take society, various ethnic groups traditionally do things
my two children by myself on a train trip to visit my quite differently, and a fresh perspective is valuable in
parents in Springfield this Saturday since it is the creating an open­minded child. ① Extensive multicultural
same day the Riverside Warriors will play the experience makes kids more creative (measured by
Greenville Trojans in the National Soccer how many ideas they can come up with and by
Championship. I would really appreciate it, therefore, if association skills) and allows them to capture
you could change my tickets to the following weekend unconventional ideas from other cultures to expand on
(April 23). I fully appreciate that the original, their own ideas. ② As a parent, you should expose
special­offer ticket was non­exchangeable, but I did your children to other cultures as often as possible.
not know about the soccer match when I booked the ③ If you can, travel with your child to other countries;
tickets and I would be really if you could live there if possible. ④ When you live in other
do this for me. Thank you in advance. countries, you should make friends as soon as possible
to feel less lonely. ⑤ If neither is possible, there are
① eager ② disappointed ③ obliged lots of things you can do at home, such as exploring
④ embarrassed ⑤ annoyed local festivals, borrowing library books about other
cultures, and cooking foods from different cultures at
your house.

88. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?88)

[202203H2_19심경추론_변형]
Hours later — when my back aches from sitting, my
hair is styled and dry, and my almost invisible makeup
has been applied — Ash tells me it’s time to change
into my dress. ① We’ve been waiting until the last
minute, afraid any refreshments I eat might
accidentally fall onto it and stain it. ② They are always
served for free. ③ There’s only thirty minutes left until
the show starts, and the nerves that have been
torturing Ash seem to have escaped her, choosing a
new victim in me. ④ My palms are sweating, and I
have butterflies in my stomach. ⑤ Nearly all the
models are ready, some of them already dressed in
their nineteenth­century costumes. Ash tightens my
corset.

- 34 -
 people’s lives, sometimes in good ways and sometimes
90. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르 not. ( ③ ) But be cautious: You don’t know if this
habit will actually make your life better, especially if it
시오.90)
means you get less sleep. ( ④ ) All of these approaches
[202203H2_21함축의미추론_변형]
involve guessing and chance. ( ⑤ ) And that’s not a
Studies by Vosniado and Brewer illustrate Fish is
good way to strive for change in your life.
Fish­style assimilation in the context of young
children’s thinking about the earth. They worked with
children who believed that the earth is flat (because
this fit their experiences) and attempted to help them
understand that, in fact, it is spherical. When told it is
round, children often pictured the earth as a pancake
rather than as a sphere. If they were then told that it
is round like a sphere, they about
a spherical earth within their flat­earth view by 92. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
picturing a pancake­like flat surface inside or on top 92)
한 것을 고르시오.
of a sphere, with humans standing on top of the
[202203H2_23주제추론_변형]
pancake. The model of the earth that they had Individual human beings differ from one another
developed — and that helped them explain how they physically in a multitude of visible and invisible ways.
could stand or walk upon its surface — did not fit the
model of a spherical earth. Like the story Fish is Fish,
where a fish imagines everything on land to be (A) Add to this point that the physical features used
fish­like, everything the children heard was to identify a person as a representative of some
incorporated into their preexisting views. race (e.g. skin coloration) are continuously variable,
so that one cannot say where “brown skin”
① interpreted the new information becomes “white skin.” Although the physical
② accepted the brand-new factors differences themselves are real, the way we use
③ provided the best possible concept physical differences to classify people into discrete
④ implied what they thought very deeply races is a cultural construction.

⑤ described a circle around the shoal of fish (B) If races — as most people define them — are real
biological entities, then people of African ancestry
would share a wide variety of traits while people
of European ancestry would share a wide variety
of different traits.

(C) But once we add traits that are less visible than
skin coloration, hair texture, and the like, we find
91. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 that the people we identify as “the same race” are
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.91) less and less like one another and more and more
[202203H2_22요지추론_변형] like people we identify as “different races.”
So yes, you can try what worked for your friend, but * entity: 실체 ** discrete: 별개의
don’t beat yourself up if your friend’s answer doesn’t
change you in the same way. ① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
Advice from a friend or family member is the most
well­meaning of all, but it’s not the best way to match
yourself with a new habit. While hot yoga may have
changed your friend’s life, does that mean it’s the
right practice for you? ( ① ) We all have friends who
swear their new habit of getting up at 4:30 a.m.
changed their lives and that we have to do it. ( ② ) I
don’t doubt that getting up super early changes

- 35 -
 (C) Parks was born the youngest of 15 children and
93. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르 grew up on his family’s farm. After the death of
his mother, he went to live with a sister in
시오.93)
Minnesota.
[202203H2_24제목추론_변형]
The realization of human over the ① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
environment began in the late 1700s with the
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
industrial revolution. Advances in manufacturing
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
transformed societies and economies while producing
significant impacts on the environment. American
society became structured on multiple industries’
capitalistic goals as the development of the steam
engine led to the mechanized production of goods in
mass quantities. Rural agricultural communities with
95. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
economies based on handmade goods and agriculture
한 것을 고르시오.95)
were abandoned for life in urban cities with large
[202203H2_29어법추론_변형]
factories based on an economy of industrialized
Despite abundant warnings that we shouldn’t measure
manufacturing. Innovations in the production of
ourselves against others, most of us still do.
textiles, iron, and steel provided increased profits to
private companies. Simultaneously, those industries
exerted authority over the environment and began (A) Then again, comparing ourselves to others can also
dumping hazardous by­products in public lands and lead to benign envy, the longing to reproduce
waterways. someone else’s accomplishments without wishing
them ill (“I wish I had what she has”), which has
① suspicion ② submission ③ domination
been shown in some circumstances to inspire and
④ endurance ⑤ assistance
motivate us to increase our efforts in spite of a
recent failure.

(B) When comparing ourselves to someone who’s doing

better than we are, we often feel inadequate for
not doing as well. This sometimes leads to what
94. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절 psychologists call malignant envy, the desire for
한 것을 고르시오.94) someone to meet with misfortune (“I wish she
[202203H2_28내용일치_변형]
didn’t have what she has”). Also, comparing
Gordon Parks was a photographer, author, film ourselves with someone who’s doing worse than
director, and musician. He documented the everyday we are risks scorn, the feeling that others are
lives of African Americans at a time when few people something undeserving of our beneficence (“She’s
outside the black community were familiar with their beneath my notice”).
lives. (C) We’re not only meaning­seeking creatures but social
ones as well, constantly making interpersonal
comparisons to evaluate ourselves, improve our
(A) In 1949, he became the first African American to
standing, and enhance our self­esteem. But the
be a staff photographer for Life magazine. He also
problem with social comparison is that it often
wrote music pieces in his life and in 1956 the
backfires.
Vienna Orchestra performed a piano concerto he
wrote. arks was an inspiring artist until he died in ① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
2006. ③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
(B) Parks eventually dropped out of school and ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
worked at various jobs. His interest in photography
was inspired by a photo­essay he read about
migrant farm workers. After he moved to Chicago,
Parks began taking photos of poor African
Americans.

- 36 -
96. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?96) 97. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
[202203H2_30어휘추론_변형] 한 것을 고르시오.97)
What exactly does normal science involve? According [202203H2_31빈칸추론_변형]
to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of Around the boss, you will always find people coming
puzzle­solving. However successful a paradigm is, it across as friends, good subordinates, or even great
will always encounter certain problems — phenomena sympathizers. But some do not truly belong.
which it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches
between the theory’s predictions and the experimental
(A) And so be careful of friends who are always eager
facts. The job of the normal scientist is to try to
to take from you but reluctant to give back even
eliminate these minor puzzles while making as few
in their little ways. If they lack the commitment to
changes as possible to the paradigm. So normal
sail with you through difficult weather, then they
science is a conservative activity — its practitioners are
are more likely to abandon your ship when it
not trying to make any earth­shattering discoveries,
stops.
but rather just to develop and extend the existing
paradigm. In Kuhn’s words, ‘normal science does not (B) But as soon as difficulties arrive, they are the first
aim at novelties of fact or theory, and when successful to be found missing. And difficult times are the
finds none’. Above all, Kuhn stressed that normal true test of loyalty. Dr. Martin Luther King said,
scientists are not trying to test the paradigm. On the “The ultimate test of a man is not where he
contrary, they accept the paradigm unquestioningly, stands in moments of comfort and convenience,
and conduct their research within the limits it sets. If a but where he stands at times of challenge and
normal scientist gets an experimental result which controversy.”
conflicts with the paradigm, they will usually assume (C) One day, an incident will blow their cover, and
that their experimental technique is faulty, not that the then you will know where they truly belong. When
paradigm is wrong. it is all cosy and safe, they will be there, loitering
① abnormal ② controversial ③ challenging the corridors and fawning at the slightest
opportunity.
④ cooperative ⑤ conservative
* loiter: 서성거리다 ** fawn: 알랑거리다

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

- 37 -
98. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 99. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?99)
빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?98) [202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형]

[202203H2_32빈칸추론_변형] According to many philosophers, there is a purely

When you’re driving a car, your memory of how to logical reason why science will never be able to
operate the vehicle comes from one set of brain cells; explain everything. For in order to explain something,
the memory of how to navigate the streets to get to whatever it is, we need to invoke something else. But
your destination springs from another set of neurons; what explains the second thing? To illustrate, recall
the memory of driving rules and following street signs that Newton explained a diverse range of phenomena
originates from another family of brain cells; and the using his law of gravity. But what explains the law of
thoughts and feelings you have about the driving gravity itself? If someone asks why all bodies exert a
experience itself, including any close calls with other gravitational attraction on each other, what should we
cars, come from yet another group of cells. You do tell them? ① Newton had no answer to this question.
not have conscious awareness of all these separate ② In Newtonian science the law of gravity was a
mental plays and cognitive neural firings, yet they fundamental principle: it explained other things, but
somehow work together in beautiful harmony to could not itself be explained. ③ Nevertheless, it was a
synthesize your overall experience. In fact, we don’t very powerful idea. ④ The moral generalizes. ⑤
even know the real difference between how we However much the science of the future can explain,
remember and how we think. But, we do know they the explanations it gives will have to make use of
are strongly intertwined. That is why truly improving certain fundamental laws and principles. Since nothing
memory can never simply be about using memory can explain itself, it follows that at least some of these
tricks, although they can be helpful in strengthening laws and principles will themselves remain unexplained.
certain components of memory. Here’s the bottom * invoke: 언급하다
line: To improve and preserve memory at the cognitive
level, you have to work on all functions of your brain.
* close call: 위기일발 ** intertwine: 뒤얽히게 하다
100. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?100)
 [202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형]
The way we remember and think is so (A) In one example of the important role of laughter in
intertwined that we need to activate (B) social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined
function of our brain to improve our memory. frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or
friends who watched a humorous video together
(A) (B)
compared to those who watched it alone. ① But,
① loosely entire watching it alone is a very good way to see and
② strongly partial understand the essence of the movies, so actually
③ weakly divisional many people recommend it. ② The time individuals
④ tightly every spent laughing was nearly twice as frequent in pairs as
when alone. Frequency of laughing was only slightly
⑤ firmly divisional
shorter for friends than strangers. ③ According to
Devereux and Ginsburg, laughing with strangers served
to create a social bond that made each person in the
pair feel comfortable. ④ This explanation is supported
by the fact that in their stranger condition, when one
person laughed, the other was likely to laugh as well.
Interestingly, the three social conditions (alone, paired
with a stranger, or paired with a friend) did not differ
in their ratings of funniness of the video or of feelings
of happiness or anxiousness. ⑤ This finding implies
that their frequency of laughter was not because we
find things funnier when we are with others but
instead we are using laughter to connect with others.

- 38 -
 see a more complicated picture, where mythos and
101. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적 logos are intertwined and interdependent. ( ③ ) Science
itself, according to this view, relies on stories. ( ④ )
절한 것을 고르시오.101)
The frames and metaphors we use to understand the
[202203H2_35무관한문장_변형]
world shape the scientific discoveries we make; they
Today’s “digital natives” have grown up immersed in
even shape what we see. ( ⑤ ) When our frames and
digital technologies and possess the technical aptitude
metaphors change, the world itself is transformed. The
to utilize the powers of their devices fully.
Copernican Revolution involved more than just
scientific calculation; it involved a new story about the
(A) But although they know which apps to use or place of Earth in the universe.
which websites to visit, they do not necessarily
* empirical: 경험적인
understand the workings behind the touch screen.
People need technological literacy if they are to
understand machines’ mechanics and uses.

(B) This empowers us to deploy software and

hardware to their fullest utility, maximizing our
powers to achieve and create.

(C) In much the same way as factory workers a

hundred years ago needed to understand the
basic structures of engines, we need to understand
the elemental principles behind our devices.
103. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고
* deploy: 사용하다
르시오.103)
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) [202203H2_37순서추론_변형]

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) There is no doubt that the length of some literary
works is overwhelming. Reading or translating a work
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
in class, hour after hour, week after week, can be such
a boring experience that many students never want to
open a foreign language book again. Extracts provide
one type of solution. The advantages are obvious:
reading a series of passages from different works
produces more variety in the classroom, so that the
teacher has a greater chance of avoiding ,
while still giving learners a taste at least of an
author’s special flavour. On the other hand, a student
who is only exposed to ‘bite­sized chunks’ will never
102. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 have the satisfaction of knowing the overall pattern of
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.102) a book, which is after all the satisfaction most of us
[202203H2_36순서추론_변형] seek when we read something in our own language.
Logic and reason, they concluded, make us modern; Moreover, there are some literary features that cannot
storytelling and mythmaking are primitive. be adequately illustrated by a short excerpt: the
development of plot or character, for instance, with
the gradual involvement of the reader that this
The ancient Greeks used to describe two very
implies; or the unfolding of a complex theme through
different ways of thinking — logos and mythos. Logos
the juxtaposition of contrasting views.
roughly referred to the world of the logical, the
* excerpt: 발췌 ** juxtaposition: 병치
empirical, the scientific. Mythos referred to the world
of dreams, storytelling and symbols. ( ① ) Like many ① monotony ② ambiguity ③ boredom
rationalists today, some philosophers of Greece prized ④ pleasure ⑤ multicoloredness
logos and looked down at mythos. ( ② ) But lots of
scholars then and now — including many
anthropologists, sociologists and philosophers today —

- 39 -
104. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적 105. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한
절한 것을 고르시오.104) 다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
[202203H2_38문장삽입_변형] 은?105)
In the early stages of modern science, scientists [202203H2_39문장삽입_변형]
communicated their creative ideas largely by publishing A supply schedule refers to the ability of a business
books. to change their production rates to meet the demand
of consumers. Some businesses are able to increase
their production level quickly in order to meet
(A) Of course, books were not abandoned altogether,
increased demand. However, sporting clubs have a
as Darwin’s Origin of Species shows. Even so, it
fixed, or inflexible (inelastic) production capacity. They
eventually became possible for scientists to establish
have what is known as a fixed supply schedule. It is
a reputation for their creative contributions
worth noting that this is not the case for sales of
without publishing a single book­length treatment
clothing, equipment, memberships and memorabilia.
of their ideas.
But clubs and teams can only play a certain number
(B) For instance, the revolutionary ideas that earned of times during their season. If fans and members are
Einstein his Nobel Prize ― concerning the special unable to get into a venue, that revenue is lost
theory of relativity and the photoelectric effect ― forever. Although sport clubs and leagues may have a
appeared as papers in the Annalen der Physik. His fixed supply schedule, it is possible to increase the
status as one of the greatest scientists of all time number of consumers who watch. For example, the
does not depend on the publication of a single supply of a sport product can be increased by
book. providing more seats, changing the venue, extending
(C) This modus operandi is illustrated not only by the playing season or even through new television,
Newton’s Principia, but also by Copernicus’ On the radio or Internet distribution.
Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Kepler’s The * memorabilia: 기념품 ** venue: 경기장
Harmonies of the World, and Galileo’s Dialogues

Concerning the Two New Sciences. With the
According to the passage above, even though
advent of scientific periodicals, such as the
sporting clubs’ production capacity is not (A) ,
Transactions of the Royal Society of London,
there might be the way to (B) the supply of
books gradually yielded ground to the technical
sport products by satisfying consumers’ needs.
journal article as the chief form of scientific
communication. (A) (B)
* photoelectric effect: 광전 효과 ** modus operandi: 작업 방식[절차] ① flexible reduce

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ② determined control

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) ③ flexible enhance

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) ④ determined enhance

⑤ constant reduce

- 40 -
106. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적
절한 것을 고르시오.106)
[202203H2_40요약문추론_변형]
Distance is a reliable indicator of the relationship
between two people.

(A) Similarly, if you are talking with someone who is

seated several feet away at a large table, you are
likely to maintain constant eye contact —
something you might feel uncomfortable doing if
you were standing next to each other.

(B) With your physical space violated, you may have

tried to create “psychological” space by avoiding
eye contact, focusing instead on the elevator
buttons. By reducing closeness in one nonverbal
channel (eye contact), one can compensate for
unwanted closeness in another channel (proximity).

(C) Strangers stand further apart than do acquaintances,

acquaintances stand further apart than friends, and
friends stand further apart than romantic partners.
Sometimes, of course, these rules are violated.
Recall the last time you rode 20 stories in an
elevator packed with total strangers. The
sardine­like experience no doubt made the
situation a bit uncomfortable.
* sardine­like: 승객이 빽빽이 들어찬 ** proximity: 근접성

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

- 41 -
107. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고 109. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고
르시오.107) 르시오.109)
[202203H2_18목적추론_변형] [202203H2_20주장추론_변형]
As I explained on the telephone, I don’t want to take Though we are marching toward a more global
my two children by myself on a train trip to visit my society, various ethnic groups traditionally do things
parents in Springfield this Saturday since it is the quite differently, and a fresh perspective is valuable in
same day the Riverside Warriors will play the creating an open­minded child. makes
Greenville Trojans in the National Soccer kids more creative (measured by how many ideas they
Championship. I would really appreciate it, therefore, if can come up with and by association skills) and allows
you could my tickets to the following them to capture unconventional ideas from other
weekend (April 23). I fully appreciate that the original, cultures to expand on their own ideas. As a parent,
special­offer ticket was non­exchangeable, but I did you should expose your children to other cultures as
not know about the soccer match when I booked the often as possible. If you can, travel with your child to
tickets and I would be really grateful if you could do other countries; live there if possible. If neither is
this for me. Thank you in advance. possible, there are lots of things you can do at home,
such as exploring local festivals, borrowing library
① refund ② reject ③ receive
books about other cultures, and cooking foods from
④ cancel ⑤ change different cultures at your house.

① Repetitive practice
② Only overseas trip
③ Taking basic subjects
④ Sticking to their own culture
⑤ Extensive multinational experience

108. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고

르시오.108)
[202203H2_19심경추론_변형]
Hours later — when my back aches from sitting, my
hair is styled and dry, and my almost invisible makeup
has been applied — Ash tells me it’s time to change
into my dress. We’ve been waiting until the last
minute, afraid any refreshments I eat might
accidentally fall onto it and stain it. There’s only thirty
minutes left until the show starts, and the
that have been torturing Ash seem to have escaped
her, choosing a new victim in me. My palms are
sweating, and I have butterflies in my stomach. Nearly
all the models are ready, some of them already
dressed in their nineteenth­century costumes. Ash
tightens my corset.

① reliefs
② nerves
③ impatiences
④ satisfactions
⑤ anticipations

- 42 -
 (C) I don’t doubt that getting up super early changes
110. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?110) people’s lives, sometimes in good ways and
[202203H2_21함축된의미파악_변형] sometimes not. But be cautious: You don’t know if
Studies by Vosniado and Brewer illustrate Fish is this habit will actually make your life better,
Fish­style assimilation in the context of young especially if it means you get less sleep.
children’s thinking about the earth. They worked with ① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
children who believed that the earth is flat (because
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
this fit their experiences) and attempted to help them
understand that, in fact, it is spherical. ① When told it ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
is round, children often pictured the earth as a
pancake rather than as a sphere. ② If they were then
told that it is round like a sphere, they interpreted the
new information about a spherical earth within their
flat­earth view by picturing a pancake­like flat surface
inside or on top of a sphere, with humans standing
on top of the pancake. ③ We can develop children’s
space perception through continuous repetition. ④ The 112. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고
model of the earth that they had developed — and 르시오.112)
that helped them explain how they could stand or [202203H2_23주제추론_변형]
walk upon its surface — did not fit the model of a Individual human beings differ from one another
spherical earth. ⑤ Like the story Fish is Fish, where a physically in a multitude of visible and invisible ways.
fish imagines everything on land to be fish­like, If races — as most people define them — are real
everything the children heard was incorporated into biological entities, then people of African ancestry
their preexisting views. would share a wide variety of traits while people of
European ancestry would share a wide variety of
different traits. But once we add traits that are less
visible than skin coloration, hair texture, and the like,
we find that the people we identify as “the same race”
are less and less like one another and more and more
like people we identify as “different races.” Add to this
point that the physical features used to identify a
person as a representative of some race (e.g. skin
coloration) are continuously variable, so that one
111. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적
cannot say where “brown skin” becomes “white skin.”
절한 것을 고르시오.111) Although the physical differences themselves are real,
[202203H2_22요지추론_변형] the way we use physical differences to classify people
Advice from a friend or family member is the most into discrete races is .
well­meaning of all, but it’s not the best way to match
* entity: 실체 ** discrete: 별개의
yourself with a new habit.
① a unique life style
② a cultural diversity
(A) While hot yoga may have changed your friend’s
life, does that mean it’s the right practice for you? ③ a balanced harmony
We all have friends who swear their new habit of ④ a cultural construction
getting up at 4:30 a.m. changed their lives and ⑤ a universal comparability
that we have to do it.

(B) So yes, you can try what worked for your friend,
but don’t beat yourself up if your friend’s answer
doesn’t change you in the same way. All of these
approaches involve guessing and chance. And
that’s not a good way to strive for change in your
life.

- 43 -
113. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적 114. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
절한 것을 고르시오. 113) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.114)
[202203H2_24제목추론_변형] [202203H2_28내용일치_변형]
The realization of human domination over the He also wrote music pieces in his life and in 1956
environment began in the late 1700s with the the Vienna Orchestra performed a piano concerto he
industrial revolution. wrote.

(A) Innovations in the production of textiles, iron, and Gordon Parks was a photographer, author, film
steel provided increased profits to private director, and musician. He documented the everyday
companies. Simultaneously, those industries exerted lives of African Americans at a time when few people
authority over the environment and began outside the black community were familiar with their
dumping hazardous by­products in public lands lives. Parks was born the youngest of 15 children and
and waterways. grew up on his family’s farm. After the death of his
mother, he went to live with a sister in Minnesota.
(B) Rural agricultural communities with economies
( ① ) Parks eventually dropped out of school and
based on handmade goods and agriculture were
worked at various jobs. ( ② ) His interest in
abandoned for life in urban cities with large
photography was inspired by a photo­essay he read
factories based on an economy of industrialized
about migrant farm workers. ( ③ ) After he moved to
manufacturing.
Chicago, Parks began taking photos of poor African
(C) Advances in manufacturing transformed societies Americans. ( ④ ) In 1949, he became the first African
and economies while producing significant impacts American to be a staff photographer for Life magazine.
on the environment. American society became ( ⑤ ) Parks was an inspiring artist until he died in
structured on multiple industries’ capitalistic goals 2006.
as the development of the steam engine led to
the mechanized production of goods in mass
quantities.

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

- 44 -
115. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한 116. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적
다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 절한 것을 고르시오.116)
은?115) [202203H2_30어휘추론_변형]

[202203H2_29어법추론_변형] What exactly does normal science involve? According

Despite abundant warnings that we shouldn’t measure to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of
ourselves against others, most of us still do. We’re not puzzle­solving.
only meaning­seeking creatures but social ones as well,
constantly making interpersonal comparisons to
(A) So normal science is a conservative activity — its
evaluate ourselves, improve our standing, and enhance
practitioners are not trying to make any
our self­esteem. But the problem with social
earth­shattering discoveries, but rather just to
comparison is that it often backfires. When comparing
develop and extend the existing paradigm. In
ourselves to someone who’s doing better than we are,
Kuhn’s words, ‘normal science does not aim at
we often feel inadequate for not doing as well. This
novelties of fact or theory, and when successful
sometimes leads to what psychologists call malignant
finds none’. Above all, Kuhn stressed that normal
envy, the desire for someone to meet with misfortune
scientists are not trying to test the paradigm.
(“I wish she didn’t have what she has”). Also,
comparing ourselves with someone who’s doing worse (B) However successful a paradigm is, it will always
than we are risks scorn, the feeling that others are encounter certain problems — phenomena which
something undeserving of our beneficence (“She’s it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches
beneath my notice”). Then again, comparing ourselves between the theory’s predictions and the
to others can also lead to benign envy, the longing to experimental facts. The job of the normal scientist
reproduce someone else’s accomplishments without is to try to eliminate these minor puzzles while
wishing them ill (“I wish I had what she has”), which making as few changes as possible to the
has been shown in some circumstances to inspire and paradigm.
motivate us to increase our efforts in spite of a recent (C) On the contrary, they accept the paradigm
failure. unquestioningly, and conduct their research within
* backfire: 역효과를 내다 ** scorn: 경멸 the limits it sets. If a normal scientist gets an
experimental result which conflicts with the

paradigm, they will usually assume that their
According to the passage above, Even though the
experimental technique is faulty, not that the
purpose of comparison is fundamentally (A) , it
paradigm is wrong.
has a negative impact on oneself because it is
* practitioner: (어떤 일을) 실행하는 사람
(B) .
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
(A) (B)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
① constructive distorted
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
② destructive relative
③ neutral distorted
④ constructive relative
⑤ neutral worthless

- 45 -
 strengthening certain components of memory. ⑤ We
117. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?117) instinctively consume a lot of nutrients to improve our
[202203H2_31빈칸추론_변형] memory. Here’s the bottom line: To improve and
Around the boss, you will always find people coming preserve memory at the cognitive level, you have to
across as friends, good subordinates, or even great work on all functions of your brain.
sympathizers. But some do not truly belong. One day, * close call: 위기일발 ** intertwine: 뒤얽히게 하다
an incident will blow their cover, and then you will
know where they truly belong. ① When it is all cosy
and safe, they will be there, loitering the corridors and
fawning at the slightest opportunity. ② But as soon as
difficulties arrive, they are the first to be found
missing. And difficult times are the true test of
loyalty. ③ Dr. Martin Luther King said, “The ultimate
test of a man is not where he stands in moments of
119. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적
comfort and convenience, but where he stands at
times of challenge and controversy.” ④ He insisted 절한 것을 고르시오.119)
[202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형]
that the only way to overcome the difficult times was
According to many philosophers, there is a purely
through faith in religion. ⑤ And so be careful of
logical reason why science will never be able to
friends who are always eager to take from you but
explain everything. For in order to explain something,
reluctant to give back even in their little ways. If they
whatever it is, we need to invoke something else.
lack the commitment to sail with you through difficult
weather, then they are more likely to abandon your
ship when it stops. (A) The moral generalizes. However much the science
* loiter: 서성거리다 ** fawn: 알랑거리다 of the future can explain, the explanations it gives
will have to make use of certain fundamental laws
and principles. Since nothing can explain itself, it
follows that at least some of these laws and
principles will themselves remain unexplained.

(B) But what explains the second thing? To illustrate,

recall that Newton explained a diverse range of
phenomena using his law of gravity. But what
118. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?118) explains the law of gravity itself?
[202203H2_32빈칸추론_변형]
(C) If someone asks why all bodies exert a
When you’re driving a car, your memory of how to
gravitational attraction on each other, what should
operate the vehicle comes from one set of brain cells;
we tell them? Newton had no answer to this
the memory of how to navigate the streets to get to
question. In Newtonian science the law of gravity
your destination springs from another set of neurons;
was a fundamental principle: it explained other
the memory of driving rules and following street signs
things, but could not itself be explained.
originates from another family of brain cells; and the
thoughts and feelings you have about the driving * invoke: 언급하다

experience itself, including any close calls with other ① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
cars, come from yet another group of cells. ① You do
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
not have conscious awareness of all these separate
mental plays and cognitive neural firings, yet they ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

somehow work together in beautiful harmony to

synthesize your overall experience. ② In fact, we don’t
even know the real difference between how we
remember and how we think. ③ But, we do know
they are strongly intertwined. ④ That is why truly
improving memory can never simply be about using
memory tricks, although they can be helpful in

- 46 -
120. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한 121. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고
다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 르시오.121)
은?120) [202203H2_35무관한문장_변형]

[202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형] Today’s “digital natives” have grown up immersed in

In one example of the important role of laughter in digital technologies and possess the technical aptitude
social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined to utilize the powers of their devices fully. But
frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or although they know which apps to use or which
friends who watched a humorous video together websites to visit, they do not necessarily understand
compared to those who watched it alone. The time . People need technological
individuals spent laughing was nearly twice as frequent literacy if they are to understand machines’ mechanics
in pairs as when alone. Frequency of laughing was and uses. In much the same way as factory workers a
only slightly shorter for friends than strangers. hundred years ago needed to understand the basic
According to Devereux and Ginsburg, laughing with structures of engines, we need to understand the
strangers served to create a social bond that made elemental principles behind our devices. This empowers
each person in the pair feel comfortable. This us to deploy software and hardware to their fullest
explanation is supported by the fact that in their utility, maximizing our powers to achieve and create.
stranger condition, when one person laughed, the * deploy: 사용하다
other was likely to laugh as well. Interestingly, the
① the place of the factories
three social conditions (alone, paired with a stranger,
or paired with a friend) did not differ in their ratings ② the specification of the devices
of funniness of the video or of feelings of happiness ③ the importance of the aptitude
or anxiousness. This finding implies that their ④ the side effect of the long-time use
frequency of laughter was not because we find things
⑤ the workings behind the touch screen
funnier when we are with others but instead we are
using laughter to connect with others.


In any social conditions, (A) plays a huge role
in (B) social bonds with others.

(A) (B)
① laughter breaking
② laughter forming
③ sharing feelings forming
④ sharing feelings weakening
⑤ company weakening

- 47 -
122. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?122) 123. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적
[202203H2_36순서추론_변형]
절한 것은?123)
The ancient Greeks used to describe two very
[202203H2_37순서추론_변형]
different ways of thinking — logos and mythos. Logos There is no doubt that the length of some literary
roughly referred to the world of the logical, the
works is overwhelming. Reading or translating a work
empirical, the scientific. Mythos referred to the world in class, hour after hour, week after week, can be such
of dreams, storytelling and symbols. Like many a boring experience that many students never want to
rationalists today, some philosophers of Greece prized
open a foreign language book again. Extracts provide
logos and looked down at mythos. Logic and reason, one type of solution. The advantages are obvious:
they concluded, make us modern; storytelling and reading a series of passages from different works
mythmaking are primitive. But lots of scholars then
produces more variety in the classroom, so that the
and now — including many anthropologists, teacher has a greater chance of avoiding monotony,
sociologists and philosophers today — see a more while still giving learners a taste at least of an
complicated picture, where mythos and logos are
author’s special flavour. (A) , a student who is
intertwined and interdependent. Science itself, according only exposed to ‘bite­sized chunks’ will never have the
to this view, relies on stories. The frames and satisfaction of knowing the overall pattern of a book,
metaphors we use to understand the world shape the
which is after all the satisfaction most of us seek when
scientific discoveries we make; they even shape what we read something in our own language. (B) ,
we see. When our frames and metaphors change, the there are some literary features that cannot be
world itself is transformed. The Copernican Revolution
adequately illustrated by a short excerpt: the
involved more than just scientific calculation; it development of plot or character, for instance, with
involved a new story about the place of Earth in the the gradual involvement of the reader that this
universe.
implies; or the unfolding of a complex theme through
* empirical: 경험적인 the juxtaposition of contrasting views.

① mythos는 logos를 형상화하는데 도움이 된다. * excerpt: 발췌 ** juxtaposition: 병치

② 생각의 틀을 벗어나면 logos의 이해도가 증가한다.

(A) (B)
③ 균형 잡힌 개념을 유지하면 부정적 경험을 감소시킨
① In contrast Futhermore
다.
② However In fact
④ mythos와 logos는 상호 의존적이라서 서로 영향을 미
③ Therefore In addition
친다.
④ On the other hand As a result
⑤ mythos를 경시하는 사고방식은 코페르니쿠스 혁명에
⑤ For example In addition
포함된다.

- 48 -
124. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고 125. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적
르시오. 124) 절한 것은?125)
[202203H2_38문장삽입_변형] [202203H2_39문장삽입_변형]
In the early stages of modern science, scientists A supply schedule refers to the ability of a business
communicated their creative ideas largely by publishing to change their production rates to meet the demand
books. This modus operandi is illustrated not only by of consumers. Some businesses are able to increase
Newton’s Principia, but also by Copernicus’ On the their production level quickly in order to meet
Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Kepler’s The increased demand. (A) , sporting clubs have a
Harmonies of the World, and Galileo’s Dialogues fixed, or inflexible (inelastic) production capacity. They
Concerning the Two New Sciences. With the advent of have what is known as a fixed supply schedule. It is
scientific periodicals, such as the Transactions of the worth noting that this is not the case for sales of
Royal Society of London, books gradually yielded clothing, equipment, memberships and memorabilia.
ground to the technical journal article as the chief But clubs and teams can only play a certain number
form of scientific communication. Of course, books of times during their season. If fans and members are
were not abandoned altogether, as Darwin’s Origin of unable to get into a venue, that revenue is lost
Species shows. Even so, it eventually became possible forever. Although sport clubs and leagues may have a
for scientists to establish a reputation for their creative fixed supply schedule, it is possible to increase the
contributions without . number of consumers who watch. (B) , the
For instance, the revolutionary ideas that earned supply of a sport product can be increased by
Einstein his Nobel Prize ― concerning the special providing more seats, changing the venue, extending
theory of relativity and the photoelectric effect ― the playing season or even through new television,
appeared as papers in the Annalen der Physik. His radio or Internet distribution.
status as one of the greatest scientists of all time * memorabilia: 기념품 ** venue: 경기장
does not depend on the publication of a single book.
(A) (B)
* photoelectric effect: 광전 효과 ** modus operandi: 작업 방식[절차]
① Hence However
① having to come up with groundbreaking ideas
② Rather Therefore
② writing a paper to communicate their discoveries
③ Similarly In contrast
③ articulating their contributions with rhetorical skills
④ However For example
④ publishing a single book­length treatment of their
⑤ As a result For instance
ideas
⑤ few laymen having comprehensible knowledge for
their creative thinking

- 49 -
 ④ other things, but could not itself be explained. The
126. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 moral generalizes. However much the science of the
future can explain, the ⑤ explanations it gives will
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.126)
have to make use of certain fundamental laws and
[202203H2_40요약문추론_변형]
principles. Since nothing can explain itself, it follows
The sardine­like experience no doubt made the
that at least some of these laws and principles will
situation a bit uncomfortable.
themselves remain unexplained.
* invoke: 언급하다
Distance is a reliable indicator of the relationship
between two people — strangers stand further apart
than do acquaintances, acquaintances stand further
apart than friends, and friends stand further apart than
romantic partners. ( ① ) Sometimes, of course, these
rules are violated. ( ② ) Recall the last time you rode
20 stories in an elevator packed with total strangers.
( ③ ) With your physical space violated, you may have
tried to create “psychological” space by avoiding eye
contact, focusing instead on the elevator buttons. ( ④ ) 128. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
By reducing closeness in one nonverbal channel (eye 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.128)
contact), one can compensate for unwanted closeness [202203H2_34빈칸추론_변형]
in another channel (proximity). ( ⑤ ) Similarly, if you Interestingly, the three social conditions (alone, paired
are talking with someone who is seated several feet with a stranger, or paired with a friend) did not differ
away at a large table, you are likely to maintain in their ratings of funniness of the video or of feelings
constant eye contact — something you might feel of happiness or anxiousness.
uncomfortable doing if you were standing next to
each other.
In one example of the important role of laughter in
* sardine­like: 승객이 빽빽이 들어찬 ** proximity: 근접성2
social contexts, Devereux and Ginsburg examined
frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or
friends who watched a humorous video together
compared to those who watched it alone. ( ① ) The
time individuals spent laughing was nearly twice as
frequent in pairs as when alone. ( ② ) Frequency of
laughing was only slightly shorter for friends than
strangers. ( ③ ) According to Devereux and Ginsburg,
laughing with strangers served to create a social bond
that made each person in the pair feel comfortable.
( ④ ) This explanation is supported by the fact that in
127. 밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과
their stranger condition, when one person laughed, the
다른 것은?127)
other was likely to laugh as well. ( ⑤ ) This finding
[202203H2_33빈칸추론_변형]
implies that their frequency of laughter was not
According to many philosophers, there is a purely
because we find things funnier when we are with
logical reason why science will never be able to
others but instead we are using laughter to connect
explain everything. For in order to explain something,
with others.
whatever ① it is, we need to invoke something else.
But what explains the second thing? To illustrate, recall
that Newton explained a diverse range of
② phenomena using his law of gravity. But what
explains the law of gravity itself? If someone asks why
all bodies exert ③ a gravitational attraction on each
other, what should we tell them? Newton had no
answer to this question. In Newtonian science the law
of gravity was a fundamental principle: it explained

- 50 -
※ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. [129-130]
[202203H2_41~42장문2문항_변형] 130. 윗글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기
Being able to have a good fight doesn’t just make us
에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.130)
more civil; it also develops our creative muscles. ( ① )
Instead of telling their children to be seen but not
In a classic study, highly creative architects were more
heard, they encouraged them to stand up for
likely than their technically competent but less original
themselves.
peers to come from homes with plenty of friction.
( ② ) They often grew up in households that were
“tense but secure,” as psychologist Robert Albert notes: ① ② ③ ④ ⑤
“The creative person­to­be comes from a family that is
anything but harmonious.” ( ③ ) The parents weren’t
physically or verbally abusive, but they didn’t shy away
from conflict, either. ( ④ ) The kids learned to dish it
out — and take it. ( ⑤ ) That’s exactly what happened
to Wilbur and Orville Wright, who invented the
airplane.

When the Wright brothers said they thought

together, what they really meant is that they fought
together. When they were solving problems, they had
arguments that lasted not just for hours but for weeks
and months at a time. They didn’t have such ceaseless
fights because they were angry. They kept quarreling
because they enjoyed it and learned from the
experience. “I like scrapping with Orv,” Wilbur reflected.
As you’ll see, it was one of their most passionate and
prolonged arguments that led them to rethink a
critical assumption that had prevented humans from
soaring through the skies.
* dish it out: 남을 비판하다 ** scrap with: ~과 다투다

129. 윗글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?129)

① 갈등은 우리의 삶에서 필수 불가결한 것이다.
② 잦은 다툼과 갈등은 사람들의 창의력 발휘를 저해한
다.
③ 갈등을 건설적으로 해결하는 것은 창의성을 발달시킨
다.
④ 창의적인 사람은 갈등이 없는 화목한 가정환경에서 자
란다.
⑤ 창의적이고 독창적인 능력은 정신적, 신체적 근력을
필요로 한다.

- 51 -
 때’로 해석되므로 수동표현인 told를 써야한다.

2022년 3월 모의고사 <고2> 정답 (B) with 분사구문으로 목적어와 목적격 보어의 관계가 능동이므
로 현재분사인 standing을 골라야 한다. stand는 자동사이므로
★ 객관식 빠른 정답(통합본) 목적어가 오지 않는다.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
(C) 아이들이 들은 모든 것이 통합 되는 것이기 때문에 수동태인
⑤ ③ ② ⑤ ⑤ ④ ⑤ ③ ⑤ ④ was incorporated를 써야 한다.
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 5) ⑤ 시행착오에 대해 자신에게 너무 자책하지 않는 것
③ ② ④ ② ⑤ ② ② ③ ⑤ ④ [해설]
① 그 변화들이 제대로 작용하도록 더욱 노력하는 것
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 ② 주어진 일을 수행하며 너무 서두르지 않는 것
⑤ ④ ④ ② ⑤ ③ ③ ④ ④ ⑤ ③ 비현실적인 목표를 위해 자신을 속이지 않는 것
④ 어떤 상황에서라도 자신을 믿는 것
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
② ③ ③ ③ ⑤ ⑤ ② ④ ⑤ ③ beat (oneself) up은 ‘스스로를 자책하다’라는 의미를 가지고 있
다. be hard of onself 또한 ‘~에게 심하게 대하다, 나무라다’의
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 의미를 가지고 있다.
① ② ④ ① ⑤ ② ② ③ ④ ③
6) ④ identifying → identify
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 [해설]
be used to V : ~하기 위해 사용되다
⑤ ② ② ② ③ ② ⑤ ③ ③ ①
be used to Ving : ~하는데 익숙해지다
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 used to V : ~하곤 했다, ~이었다
⑤ ④ ② ④ ③ ③ ③ ② ④ ④
괄호 안의 문장이 the physical features를 수식하며 ‘~하기 위해
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 사용 된‘이라는 의미를 가진 분사구이다.
Add to this point [ that the physical features ( used to
④ ⑤ ⑤ ① ③ ⑤ ⑤ ④ ⑤ ② identify a person as a representative of some race ) (e.g. skin
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 coloration) are continuously variable ]
⑤ ④ ⑤ ② ④ ② ③ ② ④ ① 7) ⑤
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
8) ③
④ ③ ③ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ④ ③ ① [해설]
① 어머니가 돌아가신 뒤 미네소타로 향했다.
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
② 학교를 그만둔 뒤 다양한 일자리에서 일했다.
① ② ① ④ ③ ⑤ ⑤ ② ⑤ ③ ④ 시카고로 이사한 뒤, 가난한 미국인들의 사진을 찍었다.
⑤ Vienna Orchestra는 그가 작곡한 협주곡을 연주했다.
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
① ④ ⑤ ⑤ ④ ② ④ ⑤ ③ ② 9) ⑤ 사회적 비교의 양면
[해설]
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 ① 실패로 부터 얻는 혜택
⑤ ④ ① ④ ④ ③ ③ ⑤ ③ ④ ② 자존감의 원천
③ 질투를 다스리는 법
④ 사회적 존재로서의 인간
1) ⑤
[해설] 10) ④ 정상과학: 기존 패러다임 받아들이기
(A) to부정사의 부사적용법의 목적으로 사용되어야한다. [해설]
(B) 뒤에 문장이 완전하고 목적어 역할의 명사절 접속사인 that이 ① 과학과 현실의 차이점
와야 한다. ② 과학자들의 연구 방법
(C) 주격보어로 형용사인 grateful이 와야 한다. ③ 과학을 이용한 문제해결 방법
⑤ 정상과학이 과학기술에 미치는 영향
2) ③ are → is
[해설] 11) ③ 당신의 진짜 친구를 드러내줄 역경
시간 단위는 ‘단수’취급해야 한다. [해설]
There is only thirty minutes ① 진정한 친구의 중요성
V S ② 우두머리가 갖춰야할 덕목
④ 헌신과 배신의 차이
3) ② allow → allows ⑤ 진정한 리더는 침몰하는 배에서 마지막에 내려야 하는가?
[해설]
병렬구조 문장으로, makes와 allow가 병렬을 이루도록 allows로 12) ② originate → originates
고쳐야한다. [해설]
memory of driving rules and following street signs originates
4) ⑤ S V
[해설] from another family of brain cells
(A) 'When they were told it is round'에서 주어, be동사가 생략
된 것으로 telling은 뒤에 목적어가 와야 하며 ‘...아이들이 들었을

- 114 -
 들을 만드는 데 가치가 있다는 내용으로 (C)의 광범위한 다문화
13) ④ 경험이 아이들을 창의적으로 만든다는 내용이 이어지고, 부모로
[해설] 서 가능한 한 자주 자녀가 다른 문화를 접하게 해야 한다는 내용
(A) reason 다음에 완전한 절이 이어지므로 관계부사 why가 정 인 (A)로 이어져서, 둘 다 가능하지 않은 경우에 집에서 할 수 있
답이다. 는 일이 많다고 하는 (B)로 이어지는 것이 적절하다.
(B) a diverse range of 다음에는 복수명사 형태인 phenomena가
정답이다. 24) ②
(C) 의미상 그 자체는 설명될 수 없다는 뜻이기에 수동태 be [해설]
explained가 정답이다. 주어진 글에서는 Vosniado와 Brewer가 연구한 내용에 간략하게
설명하고 있다. 이어서 (B)의 They가 Vosniado와 Brewer를 받고
14) ② 사회화를 위해 웃음을 사용함의 중요성 그들이 지구가 평평하다고 믿는 아이들을 대상으로 아이들에게
[해설] 지구가 구 형태라는 것을 이해시키려고 노력했다는 내용이 나오
① 어색함을 깨기 위한 웃음의 역할 는 것이 적절하다. 그 다음에 아이들은 지구가 둥글다고 들었을
③ 많이 웃을수록, 더 많은 친구를 사귄다. 때 구 형태보다는 팬케이크를 상상한다는 내용이 있는 (A)가 와
④ 차이: 진짜웃음과 가짜웃음 야 한다. 아이들이 상상한 모형이 (C)의 The model of the earth
⑤ 웃음: 매력적인 의사소통 방법 중 하나 이므로 이후에 (C)가 오는 것이 옳다.
15) ⑤ 25) ⑤ 이 습관이 실제로 당신의 인생을 더 낫게 바꿔 줄 것인지
[해설]
16) ② Logos와 Mythos의 현대적 의미
① 당신의 뇌가 제대로 기능을 하는지
[해설]
② 당신의 친구들이 당신이 일찍 일어나는 것을 도와줄지
① 과학적 사고를 통한 혁신
③ 바뀐 인생이 실제로 경력에 영향을 미치는지
③ 이야기를 부정하는 과학적 세계
④ 당신의 말이 항상 올바른 방향으로 가고 있는지
④ 고대 그리스의 보편적 사고방식
⑤ 철학에 있어서 논리와 이성의 중요성 26) ③ 인간의 피부색은 가장 어두운 갈색에서 가장 밝은 색조까
지 다양합니다.
17) ② provide → provides [해설]
[해설] 이 글은 인종을 구분하는 것은 피부나 신체적인 것으로 구분하는
동명사 Extracting 에 해당되는 동사인 provide의 형태를 묻는 질 것이 모순이 된다는 내용이며, 변하는 피부색을 고려해 봐도 피
문이므로 provides가 올바른 형태이다. 부색으로 인종을 구분하는 것은 모순된다 했기에, ③번은 인종
구분에 대한 흐름과 벗어나는 내용이다.
* 원문 변형
원문 : Extracts provide → Extracting part of long stories provides 27) ③ 그 결과, 시골 지역은 투자 가치로 인기가 없어 졌다. 그
리고 사람들이 기피하는 장소가 되었다.
18) ③ [해설]
(A) advent : 출현, disappearance: 사라짐 ②번 문장은 산업 제조업의 기반으로 도시 생활을 위해 버려 진
(B) kept : 유지된, abandoned : 버려진 것이지, 투자 가치로써의 이야기를 하는 것이 아니다. 그리고 글
(C) appeared : 등장했다, disappeared : 사라졌다
의 전반적인 내용도 시골 지역의 투자 가치와는 상관이 없다.

과학자들의 과학적 의사소통의 수단의 주요한 형식에 대한 글로 28) ④ 영감을 주는

초기 단계에는 과학자들은 주로 책 출판으로 생각을 전달했다. [해설]
과학적 정기 간행물 (A)출현으로 책은 점차 줄었지만 책이 완전 ① 겸손한 ② 알려지지 않은 ③ 상업적인 ⑤ 전형적인
히 (B)버려진 것은 아니었다. 하지만 과학자들은 책을 출간하지
않고도 과학적 생각을 전달할 수 있었는데 그 예로 아인슈타인의 29) ④
특수 상대성 이론과 광전 효과에 대한 생각들은 논문으로 (C)등 [해설]
장했다. 제시된 글의 this가 지칭하는 것이 부정적인 원인에 해당하는 내
용이고 제시된 글의 내용이 그에 따른 부정적 결과에 해당하므로
19) ⑤ ④번이 정답이다.

20) ④ 30) ⑤
[해설] [해설]
(A) stand를 대신하는 대동사가 와야 함 앞 문장에서 “정상과학자들이 패러다임을 시험하지 않으려 노력
(B) with 분사구문에서 목적어와 목적격보어가 수동관계 했고” 또한, 뒷 문장에 정상과학자들이 상충되는 실험을 했을 때
(C) be likely는 to v를 목적어로 취하는 동사 어떻게 행동하는지에 대한 예시가 나왔으므로, 주어진 문장 “오
히려 패러다임을 의심하지 않고 받아들였다”라는 말이 들어가야
21) ⑤ 교환이 불가능한 자연스럽다.
[해설]
① 유효한 ② 환불 가능한 ③ 필요로 하는(요청할 수 있는) 31) ②
④ 이용할 수 있는 [해설]
주어진 문장의 But이 있으므로 앞내용과 다른 내용이 와야 한다.
22) ④ ②번 앞내용인 주변 사람들이 함께 있다는 이야기와 주어진 문장
[해설] 에서 그들이 사라진다는 이야기가 서로 배척되는 관계이기 때문
박스안 주어진 문장은 주인공이 긴장한 상태를 묘사하고 있는 문 에 연결사 But이 들어가는 것이 적절하다. 또한, 주어진 문장에서
장이고 ④번 앞 문장은 주인공이 긴장상태를 느끼기 시작했다는 difficulties를 ②번 뒤에 difficult times와 연결할 수도 있다.
언급을 했기 때문에 ④가 정답

23) ④
[해설]
주어진 글은 다양한 민족 집단들의 새로운 관점이 개방적인 아이

- 115 -
32) ③ 어떤 일을 할 때 우리의 기억은 개별적으로 떠오르지만 * 원문변형
결국 관련된 기억들이 조화를 이뤄 함께 작동한다. 원문 : 빈칸 is a reliable indicator of the relationship between
[해설] two people
① correlatively : 상관적으로 / discordant : 불협화음의
② correlatively : 상관적으로 / harmonious : 조화로운 41) ① come → to come
④ individually : 개별적으로 / discordant : 불협화음의 [해설]
⑤ collectively : 집합적으로 / agreeable : 동의하는(승낙하는) highly creative architects were more likely (than their
technically competent but less original peers) to come from
33) ③ homes
[해설] 중간에 삽입구를 괄호해서 보게 되면 be likely to 구조임을 알
앞에 뉴턴의 중력 법칙 예시가 먼저 나오고 그다음 그 교훈이 일 수 있다. 동사는 이미 were 가 있으므로 동사자리가 아니라 to
반화된다고 했으므로 다른 것들은 설명했지만 그 자체는 설명될 부정사 자리이다.
수 없었다는 중력 법칙의 기본 원리를 설명하는 주어진 문장이
③번 사이에 들어가는 것이 적절하다. 42) ② 전혀 화목하지 않은
[해설]
34) ③ ① 가족모임을 자주 가지는
[해설] ③ 함께 독서하는 시간을 가지는
이 글은 사회적 상황에서 웃음의 중요한 역할을 설명하는 내용이 ④ 비행기타고 해외여행을 자주 가는
며 주어진 가설을 가지고 조사한 결과를 나타내는 (B)가 먼저 오 ⑤ 창의적인 문제를 자주 논의하는
고, (C)의 this explanation은 앞의 조사 결과에 드러난 낯선 이와
의 함께 웃는 것이 사회적 유대를 만든다는 설명이다. (A)의 this 43) ④
finding은 (C) 뒷부분에 나오는 세 가지 조건이 웃음에 큰 영향을 [해설]
주지 않는다는 내용이고, 결론적으로 다른 이와 가까워지기 위해 글쓴이는 특가로 제공된 기차표는 원래 교환이 불가능한 것을 알
웃음을 이용한다는 결론으로 마무리 된다. 고 있다

35) ⑤ 기술 활용능력 44) ① has been applying → has been applied

[해설] [해설]
① 충분한 시간 ② 정확한 원리 ③ 집단적 힘 ④ 기술적 진보 주어와 동사와의 관계가 수동 관계로 has been applied로 바꾸
어야 한다.
36) ⑤ 뒤얽히고 상호의존적인 ② being이 생략된 분사구문이다 (being) afraid
[해설] ③ the nerves를 수식하는 주격관계대명사 that이 쓰인 것은 적
① 체계적이고 계산적인 절하다.
② 신화적이고 복잡한 ④ sweat는 자동사이며 현재 진행형으로 쓰였다.
③ 독립적이고 분리된 ⑤ 분사구문(dressed)의 의미상의 주어로 사용되었다.
④ 단순하고 이해하기 쉬운 45) ⑤ 다양한 문화 경험: 아이들을 창의적으로 만드는 원천
[해설]
37) ② 책의 전반적인 구성을 아는 만족감
① 부모: 아이들을 위해서 창의적이게 되어라
[해설]
② 오픈 마인드: 부모가 아이들을 위해서 가져야 할 것
① 수업 시간에 외국어 서적을 읽는 성취감
③ 새로운 관점: 세상을 더 좋은 곳으로 만드는 힘
③ 책의 압도적인 번역작업을 하는 경험
④ 글로벌한 사회: 다른 나라에서가 아니라, 집에서
④ 복잡한 주제를 전개하기 위한 줄거리와 등장인물에 대한 지식
⑤ 우리 언어로 된 짧은 요약문들의 이해 46) ②
38) ④ 과학에서 성공한 사람들은 책의 중요성을 널리 알리고자 47) ② 우리는 항상 조언을 받아들여야 하는가?
했다. [해설]
[해설] ① 이른 기상의 이점들
이 글은 과학자들의 의사소통의 주요한 형식에 대한 글로 초기 ③ 몇 시간이나 자야 할까?
단계에 책 출판에서 전문 학술지 논문에 과학적 아이디어를 전달 ④ 지인으로 부터의 진정한 조언
한 방식을 표현했는데 책의 중요성을 알리고자 했다는 흐름상 맞 ⑤ 조언을 받아들여서 좋은 습관을 만드는 방법
지 않다.
48) ③
39) ⑤
[해설]
[해설]
인종적인 특성의 구분이 모호해 진다.
주어진 글은 고정공급일정 외에도 경기를 보는 소비자의 수를 늘
리는 방법에 대한 내용이며 주어진 글은 공급일정에 관한 내용이 49) ④ losses (손실) → profits (이윤)
다. 공급일정에 반대로 고정공급일정에 대한 내용을 말하기 위해 [해설]
however을 쓴 (C)가 주어진 글 뒤에 이어진다. 하지만 고정공급 제조업의 발달로 인간이 환경에 큰 영향을 미치며, 제조업 혁신
일정의 단점에 해당하는 내용이 이어져야 하기에, (B)가 와야 하 은 제조 회사들에 이득이 되고 환경에는 해가되는 영향력이 발휘
며 (A)는 (B)의 마지막문장에 예시에 해당하므로 가장 마지막에 한다는 내용이므로 profits (이윤)이 더 적절하다.
와야 한다.
50) ③ inspired → was inspired
40) ③ 거리는 두 사람 간의 친밀감을 확인할 수 있는 지표이다. [해설]
[해설] 사진에 관한 그의 관심은 포토 에세이 덕분에 생겨나게 된 것이
① 거리는 비언어적인 채널을 통해 좁혀지는 것이 가능하다. 므로, 수동태로 표현하는 것이 타당하다.
② 거리는 두 사람 간의 원치 않는 가까움을 형성하는 역할을 한
다. * 원문변형
④ 거리는 두 사람 간의 관계에서 물리적 공간의 거리일 뿐이다. ⑤번의 경우 원문에는 생략된 목적격 관계대명사 that을 활용하
⑤ 거리는 두 사람 간의 관계를 더 멀게 만드는 주원인이다. 였다.

- 116 -
 ② 창의력 : 위대한 과학자 특유의 것
51) ⑤ decrease (감소시키다) → increase (늘리다) ③ 과학자에게 있어 명성을 쌓는 방법
[해설] ④ 책 : 과학적 의사소통을 위한 기반
앞에서 언급한 양성 질투에 영감을 받고 동기부여를 받아 최근의 ⑤ 과학자의 지위에 기여하는 혁신적 사고
실패에도 불구하고 우리의 노력을 ‘늘리도록 한다’는 것이 더 적
절하다. 61) ⑤ whose → who
[해설]
52) 정답 ② watch가 동사이며, 주어가 생략된 형태의 주격관계대명사가 사용
[해설] 되어야 하므로 소유격관계대명사인 whose가 아닌 who가 사용되
(A) conservative : 보수적인, radical : 급진적인 어야 한다.
(B) accept : 수락하다, test : 실험하다
(C) consistent : ~와 일치하는, inconsistent : ~와 일치하지 않 62) ④ increasing (늘리는 것) → reducing (줄이는 것)
는 [해설]
앞 문장에서 엘리베이터라는 물리적 공간에서 눈을 마주치지 않
정상과학은 현존하는 패러다임을 발전하고 확장시키는 (A) 보수 고 심리적 공간을 만들어 내려고 한다고 했다. 이에 이어 비언어
적인 활동으로, 패러다임을 (B) 실험하려 하지 않는다. 오히려 패 적인 채널인 눈맞춤에서의 가까움을 reducing (줄이는 것)이 적절
러다임을 의심하지 않고 받아들인다. 과학자들의 연구가 패러다 하다.
임에 (C) 일치하지 않는다면, 패러다임이 잘못된 것이 아니라, 연
구에 결함이 있는 것으로 여긴다. 63) ②
[해설]
* 원문변형 (A) different : 다른, same : 같은
원문 : (C) conflict → is inconsistent (B) change : 바꾸다, refund : 환불하다
(C) disappointed : 실망한, grateful : 감사하는
53) ②
이 글에서는 이번 주 토요일이 National Soccer Championship에
54) ② separately (별도로, 따로따로) → together (함께) 서 Riverside Warriors가 Greenville Trojans와 시합을 할 날과 (A)
[해설] 같은 날이어서 기차표를 다음 주말(4월 23일)로 (B) 바꿔 주라는
자동차 운전에서 각 별개의 정신적인 활동과 인지적인 신경 활성 요청 글이다. 그래서 (C)에서는 그 요청에 감사의 뜻을 전하므로,
화를 하고 있지만, 'together (함께)' 작동을 해야 종합적인 결과 (C)는 (C) 감사하겠습니다가 적절하다.
물인 행동(운전)을 하게 된다.
64) ④ 나를 초조함을 가지고 힘들게 하다
55) ③ 모든 것은 과학으로 설명될 수 있는가? [해설]
[해석] Ash를 초조하게 했던 것이 주인공을 초조하게 하여, 다음 이어지
① 과학 : 만물의 기원 는 문장에서 I have butterflies in my stomach라는 표현을 했다
② 과학이 거의 완성되어 가고 있다.
④ 우리가 과학을 배워야 하는 이유 ① 나를 어려움에서 벗어나게 하다
⑤ 뉴턴의 중력 법칙 : 완벽한 이론 ② 내가 옷을 갈아입게 하다
③ 내가 새로운 희생자를 만나게 하다
56) ② 웃음의 역할
⑤ 내가 나비를 찾으러 가게 하다
[해설]
① 익살스러운 동영상 65) ③
③ 혼자 동영상 시청하기 [해설]
④ 모임의 환경 (A) Extensive : 광범위한, Limited : 한정된
⑤ 친구와 낯선 사람간의 차이 (B) conventional : 관습에 얽매이는,
unconventional : 관습에 얽매이지 않는
57) ⑤ 디지털 기술을 충분히 잘 다루는 사람들
(C) restrict : 제한하다, expose : 노출하다
[해설]
① 기본 원리를 알고 있는 어른들
부모의 역할로써 자녀가 다른 문화를 자주 접할 수 있게 해야 한
② 엔진을 위한 힘을 최대화할 수 있는 사람들
다고 주장하는 글로, (A) 광범위한 다문화 경험을 이야기 하며,
③ 기계의 기본적인 원리를 이해하는 사람들
그러한 경험은 아이들이 창의적이고 (B) 관습에 얽매이지 않는
④ 장치의 힘을 이용할 수 없는 세대
자유로운 생각을 하게 한다고 말하며 가능한 한 자주 자녀가 다
58) ③ 른 문화를 접하게 (C) 노출시켜야 한다고 주장하고 있다.
[해설]
66) ③ 아이들의 학습 경향: 동화
① 고대 그리스 인들은 ‘logos’와 ‘mythos’를 다른 방식으로 설명
[해설]
했다.
① 낚시: 협동을 배울 수 있는 최고의 방법
② ‘logos’는 과학의 세계를, ‘mythos’ 상징적 세계를 지칭했다.
② 아이들의 불완전한 학습 능력
④ 우리가 세상을 이해하기 위해 사용하는 생각의 틀과 은유는
④ 지구평면설: 아이들에게 매력적인 이론
우리가 하는 과학적 발견을 형성하였다.
⑤ 자신의 의견을 바꾸지 않으려는 아이들의 고집
⑤ 고대와 현대의 학자들은 더 복잡하게 상황을 이해하면서,
‘mythos’와 ‘logos’는 뒤얽혀 있고 상호 의존적이라는데 합의한다. 67) ③
[해설]
59) ③ fractional (단편적인) → overall (전반적인)
일찍 일어나는 것이 좋은 방식으로도 그렇지 않은 방식으로도 바
[해설]
꾸기 때문에 좋은 방식으로만 바꾼다는 말은 옳지 않다.
같은 문장 앞쪽에서 짧은 토막글을 접한 학생들은 전반적인 구성
을 알지 못한다는 내용이 들어오는 것이 적절하다.

60) ① 저서 출간이 과학자들에게 필수적인가?

[해설]

- 117 -
68) ② 76) ⑤
[해설]
(A) different : 다른 / similar : 비슷한 77) ⑤ 기술을 완전히 사용하기 위해서 보이지 않은 것을 봐라
(B) physiological : 생리학적 / physical : 신체적 [해설]
(C) cultivated: 세련된, 교양 있는 / cultural: 문화적인 ① 자신을 네이티브로 만드는 방법
② 기술 문맹은 신경 쓰지 마라
인종을 분류하는데 있어서 가시적인 특성이 식별에 영향을 준다 ③ 공장의 본질: 노동자
고 해도 문화적 구성에 의한 신체적 차이를 사용한다는 내용으 ④ 소프트웨어와 하드웨어의 조화
로, 혈통마다 (A) 다른 특성을 공유하고 어떤 사람을 어떤 인종의
78) ④
전형이라고 식별하는 데 사용되는 (B) 신체적 특성은 지속적으로
변할 수 있어, 사람들을 별개의 인종으로 분류하기 위해 우리가 79) ⑤ 문학작품 발췌독의 장점과 한계점
신체적 차이를 사용하는 방식은 (C) 문화적 구성이라는 결론으로 [해설]
이어진다. ① 문학작품에서의 반전의 매력
② 다독의 중요성
69) ④
③ 문학수업을 통한 독서교육
[해설]
④ 외국어로 쓰인 책 읽기의 어려움
대량 생산이 가능하게 되면서 수공예와 농업을 기반으로 하는 시
골 지역은 소외되었다. 80) ② were gradually yielded → gradually yielded
[해설]
70) ④
주어(book)가 자리를 내어 준 것이므로 능동으로 사용해야 함.
[해설]
(A) ignorant : 무지한, accustomed : 익숙한
*원문변형
(B) frustrated : 좌절된, motivated : 동기 부여된
원문 ④ that → which
(C) influential : 영향력 있는, insignificant : 하찮은
81) ⑤ 스포츠클럽이 공급 일정의 한계를 극복하는 방법
Parks가 흑인의 일상을 기록하던 시절은 외부인은 흑인 삶에 대 [해설]
해 (A) 친숙한 사람이 거의 없었고, 사진에 대한 관심은 이주 노 ① 고정된 일정의 단점
동자를 다룬 포토에세이로 (B) 영감을 받았으며, 사망 전까지 (C) ② 스포츠클럽에 수입의 중요성
영감을 주는 예술가였다. ③ 스포츠클럽에서 이익을 촉진하는 비탄력적 능력
④ 공급 일정을 고정함으로써 늘어난 수요를 만족시키기
*원문변형
원문 (A) familiar → accustomed 82) ④ 비언어적 의사소통 : 심리적 거리를 조정하는 방법
(B) inspired → motivated [해설]
(C) inspiring → influential ① 낮선 사람들 사이에서 심리적 거리를 유지하는 것의 중요성
② 동료들 간에 심리적 거리를 좁히기 위한 다양한 요소들
71) ④ 의도치 않게 비교의 역효과로 이어질 수 있다. ③ 물리적 거리 : 사회생활에서 심리적 거리보다 더욱 중요한 것
[해설] ⑤ 물리적 거리를 유지하는 것에 대한 비언어적 의사소통이 끼치
① 지인들의 자존감을 해칠 수도 있다. 는 제한적인 영향력
② 누군가의 사회적 지위가 얼마나 높은지에 달려있다.
③ 어렸을 때 받았던 교육 환경의 영향을 받는다. 83) ⑤ explained (설명된) → unexplained (설명되지 않은)
⑤ 비교 대상들 간의 친밀한 관계를 해칠 수 있다. [해설]
위 글에서, 과학의 원리 또는 법칙이 다양한 것을 설명할 수 있
72) ⑤ what → that 을지라도, 원리 그 자체를 스스로 설명할 수는 없기 때문에 일부
[해설] 는 설명되지 않은 채로 남아있을 것이라 언급했다. 따라서 정답
뒤에 완전한 절이 와 관계대명사 what이 올 수 없으며 assume의 은 ⑤번이다.
목적절로 쓰기 위해 접속사 that으로 바꿔야 한다.
84) ② frequent → frequently
73) ⑤ abandon 버리다 → save 구하다 [해설]
[해설] 해당 문장은 be동사 다음에 오는 배수사 + as 형용사/부사 as
위 글은 안락할 때 곁에 있는 것 대신에, 힘들 때 곁에 있는 것 구문으로 구성되어 있는데, 이때, as~as 사이에는 be동사의 보어
으로 충성심을 시험해 볼 수 있다는 글이다. 악천후를 뚫고 항해 로 형용사가 오는 것이 적절하다.
하려는 헌신이 부족하다면, 즉 힘들 때 버티지 못한다면, 배를 구
할 가능성이 적다. 85) ④ temporary 일시적인 → ceaseless 끊임없는
[해설]
* 원문 변형 앞에서 몇 시간, 몇 달을 논쟁했다는 흐름 뒤에 그와 같은 일시
원문 : they are more likely to abandon 적인 (such temporary) 싸움은 어울리지 않는다.

74) ① * 원문 변형
원문 : ⓑ stand up for → assert
75) ③ 법칙과 원리 중 일부는 그 자체로 설명되지 않은 채 남는
다. 86) ②
[해설] [해설]
① 뉴턴은 중력의 법칙으로 다양한 현상을 설명했다. 윗글에서 언급된 창의적인 사람은, 남의 의견을 수용하며 조화를
② 모든 현상을 설명하기 위해서는 포괄적인 원칙이 필요하다. 이란다기 보다는, 비판을 하고 비판을 받아들이는 능력, 즉 잘 토
④ 법칙과 원리 중 일부는 과학적 현상을 설명하기에 충분하다. 론하고 잘 싸우는 것을 권장하는 가정에서 나올 수 있다고 하였
⑤ 법칙과 원리 중 일부는 그 자체가 논리적으로 타당함으로 설 다.
명될 필요가 없다.

- 118 -
 지막으로 앞의 내용과 대조되는 양성 질투에 대해서 설명하는
87) ③ 고마운 (A)가 이어져야 한다.
[해설]
① 간절히 바라는 ② 실망한 ④ 난감한 ⑤ 불쾌한 96) ⑤ 보수적인
[해설]
* 원문변형 ① 비정상적인 ② 논쟁적인 ③ 도전적인 ④ 협력적인
원문 ③ grateful
97) ⑤
88) ② 그것들은 늘 무료로 제공 된다 [해설]
[해설] 주어진 글은 우두머리 주변에서 좋은 인상을 주는 사람들이 있으
주인공이 쇼를 앞두고 긴장과 불안해하는 내용의 글로, 다과에 나, 일부는 진정으로 속해 있지 않다는 내용이며, 그 일부에 대한
대한 문장은 이 글의 흐름에 적절하지 않다. 부연 설명이 나오는 (C)가 주어진 글 뒤에 이어진다. 그리고 그런
사람들의 속내가 어려운 시기에 드러난다는 (B)의 내용으로 이어
89) ④ 당신이 다른 나라에서 살 때, 외로움을 더 적게 느끼기 지는 것이 적절하며, 어려운 시기에 함께하지 않으려는 친구들을
위해서는 가능한 빨리 친구들을 사귀는 것이 좋다. 조심하라는 결론으로 이어지는 (A)가 그 뒤를 잇는 것이 적절하
[해설] 다.
이 글은 새로운 관점을 통해 열린 마음을 가지게끔 하기 위해서
가급적 다양한 경험을 아이들에게 시켜주라는 글이다. 그래서 ③ 98) ④ 우리가 기억하는 방식과 생각하는 방식들은 매우 강하게
번 은 가급적 해외여행을 가거나, 살 수 있다면 살라는 내용이고 뒤얽혀있기 때문에, 기억력을 개선하기 위해서는 뇌의 모든 기능
다음 ⑤에는 그럴 상황이 안 된다면 국내에서도 많은 활동이 있 을 작동시켜야 한다.
으니 하라는 내용으로 흘러가는데, ④번은 해외에 갔을 때 외로 [해설]
움으로 힘드니, 친구를 빨리 사귀라는 내용은 흐름에 맞지 않음. ① loosely : 느슨하게 / all : 모든
② strongly : 강하게 / partial : 부분적으로
90) ① 새로운 정보를 해석했다
③ weakly : 약하게 / divisional : 일부의
[해설]
⑤ firmly : 견고하게 / divisional : 일부의
② 완전히 새로운 요소들을 받아들였다
③ 최고로 가능한 개념을 제공했다 99) ③
④ 그들이 아주 깊게 생각한 것을 암시했다 [해석]
⑤ 원을 그리며 고기 떼 주위를 돌았다 과학이 모든 것을 설명할 수는 없다는 것이 이 글의 핵심 내용이
다. 뉴턴의 중력 법칙을 예시로 사용하고 있지만, 중력 법칙의 우
91) ④ 수성을 말하는 ③은 전체 흐름에서 어긋난다.
[해설]
②, ③번 문장에서 친구의 일찍 일어나는 습관을 예로 들고, 주어 100) ① 하지만, 유머러스한 영화를 혼자 보는 것은 그 유머를
진 문장에서는 그것이 모두에게 효과가 있지 않을 수도 있다는 제대로 이해할 수 있는 방법이라서, 실제로 많은 사람들이 그것
설명이 이어져야 하므로 ④번이 정답이다. 을 추천한다.
[해설]
92) ③ 이글은 혼자영화를 볼 때보다는 여러 명이 볼 때 사람들이 더 자
[해설] 주 웃는 것은 사회적 결속이나 연결 때문이다라는 내용으로 ①
주어진 글에서 인간은 신체적으로 다르다는 이야기가 나오고 있 번의 유머러스한 영화를 혼자 보는 것이 영화를 제대로 이해하는
고 뒤이어 (B)의 생물학적 정의(가시적인 특성)로 인종을 구분하 데 좋은 방법이라는 글은 전체 흐름에 맞지 않음.
면 기준이 혈통이 될 것이라는 이야기가 나오는 게 적절하다. 이
어 보이지 않는 부분들을 더하게 된다면 같은 인종이라고 닮았다 101) ①
고 다른 인종이라고 다르다고 할 수 없다는 사실을 알게 된다는 [해설]
내용이 (C)에서 나오고 마지막으로 신체적 특성(가시적인 특성)을 디지털 기술을 잘 활용하는 사람들을 먼저 이야기하고 (A)에서
인종을 분류하는 기준으로 사용하는 것은 변동의 가능성이 있으 But이라고 말하면서 잘 사용한다고 숨겨진 원리를 이해하는 것은
므로 문화적 구분이라고 할 수 있다는 내용이 나오는 것이 적절 아니라고 언급하고 (C)에서 마찬가지로 100년 전 공장 근로자들
하다. 의 예를 들고 (B)에서는 앞에서 숨겨진 기본 원리를 이해할 필요
성을 강조하며 마무리한다.
93) ③ 지배
[해설] 102) ②
① 의심 ② 굴복 ④ 인내 ⑤ 원조, 도움 [해설]
제시문의 they는 바로 이전 문장의 ‘some philosophers of
94) ⑤ Greece(그리스의 일부 철학자들)’을 가리키므로 ②가 정답이다.
[해설]
주어진 글은 Gordon Parks는 사진작가이자 음악가로서의 일대기 103) ① 단조로움
를 서술하고 있는 글이다. 농장에서 나고 자란 후, 미네소타에 있 [해설]
는 누나와 살기 위해 이주를 한 유년 시절에 대한 설명의 (C)단 ② 모호함 ③ 지루함 ④ 즐거움 ⑤ 다채로움
락에 이어 사진에 대한 관심이 생긴 계기, 이로 인해 사진을 찍
게 되었고 Life지의 최초 아프리카 미국인 사진작가가 되었다는 104) ④
내용(B), 이어서 여전히 사후에도 영감을 주고 있는 예술가라고 [해설]
묘사하는 내용(A)이 흐름상 적절하다. 주어진 글을 현대 과학 초기 과학자들이 책을 통해 자신의 생각
을 전달했다는 내용으로, 이후 과학적 의사소통의 형식이 책에서
95) ⑤ 정기간행물로 변화했다는 (C)가 나오고, 책이 완전히 사라진 것은
[해설] 아니나 다른 방식을 통해서 가능해졌다는 (A)로 이어지고, 논문과
주어진 글은 타인과 견주어 우리 자신을 평가해서는 안 된다는 같은 것들이 그런 역할을 할 수 있다는 예시인 (B)로 마무리된다.
경고에도 불구하고 우리 대부분이 여전히 그렇게 하고 있다는 내
용이다. 이에 이어 우리가 의미를 추구하고 사회적인 존재라 끊
임없이 비교를 한다는 내용의 (C)가 오고 마지막에 언급한 문제
점을 악성 질투를 통해 구체적으로 언급하는 (B)가 와야 한다. 마

- 119 -
105) ③ 위 글에 따르면, 비록 스포츠클럽의 생산 능력이 유연하 115) ④ 위 글에 따르면, 비교의 목적은 근본적으로 건설적이었
지 않을지라도, 소비자의 니즈를 충족시킴으로써 스포츠 제품의 음에도 불구하고, 그것은 상대적이기 때문에 한 개인에게 부정적
공급을 늘릴 수 있는 방법이 존재할 수 있다. 인 영향력을 미칠 수 있다.
[해설] [해설]
① flexible : 유연한 / reduce : 줄이다 ① constructive : 건설적인 / distorted : 왜곡된
② determined : 정해진 / control : 통제하다 ② destructive : 파괴적인 / relative : 상대적인
④ determined : 정해진 / enhance : 늘리다 ③ neutral : 중립적인 / distorted 왜곡된
⑤ constant : 지속적인 / reduce : 줄이다 ⑤ neutral : 중립적인 / worthless : 가치 없는

106) ⑤ 116) ②
[해설] [해설]
주어진 글은 두 사람 간의 관계의 믿을 수 있는 지표의 역할을 주어진 글은 Thomas Kuhn의 말을 통해 정상 과학이 포함하는
하는 거리에 대한 내용이다. 이에 이어 (C)에서 더 구체적으로 두 것을 말하는 내용이다. 이에 이어 과학자들이 패러다임에 변화를
사람 간의 관계에 따른 거리의 차이를 언급하며 사람들이 빽빽이 주지 않으면서 문제를 제거하려 노력하는 (B)가 와야 하며, 이러
들어찬 엘리베이터를 예로 든다. 그 뒤에 물리적 공간이 침범된 한 측면 때문에 정상 과학이 보수적인 활동이라고 하는 (A)가 이
상태에서 사람들의 반응을 이야기한 (B)가 이어지며, 이와 비슷한 어진다. 후에 Kuhn이 강조한 과학자들의 노력하지 않는 점을 상
예를 들어주는 (A)가 마지막에 온다. 세하게 설명하는 (C)가 마지막으로 온다.

107) ⑤ 바꾸다 117) ④ 그(Martin)는 종교에 대한 신념을 통해서 힘든 시기를 극

[해설] 복할 수 있었다고 주장했다.
① 환불하다 ② 거절하다 ③ 받다 ④ 취소하다 [해설]
위 글은 안전하고 편한 시기에 있어준 사람보다, 힘든 시기에 함
108) ② 초조함 께 있어 준 사람에게서 충성심을 알아볼 수 있다는 글로, ④는
[해설] 종교 관련 내용은 흐름과 무관하다.
① 안도감 ③ 성급함 ④ 만족감 ⑤ 기대감
118) ⑤ 우리는 본능적으로 기억력을 개선을 위해 많은 영양분을
109) ⑤ 광범위한 다문화 경험 섭취한다.
[해설] [해설]
① 반복적인 연습 이 글은 인지적인 기억을 향상시키기고 보존하기 위해 뇌 기능을
② 오직 해외여행만이 작동시켜야 한다는 내용인데, ⑤번은 기억력을 개선하기 위한 영
③ 기초 과목들 익히기 양분 섭취에 관한 내용으로, 이 글과 무관하다.
④ 자신만의 문화를 고수하기
119) ③
110) ③ 아이들의 공간지각 능력은 꾸준한 반복을 통해서 발전시 [해설]
킬 수 있다. 주어진 글의 something은 (B)에 있는 second thing을 가리키며,
[해설] 예시로 중력을 언급하며, ‘중력을 무엇이 설명하는가?‘ 라는 질문
이 글은 아이들이 새로운 지식을 받아들일 때 기존의 견해를 포 을 제기한다. 이어서, (C)에서 중력에 대한 질문을 하는 경우 뉴
함한다는 글인데, 아이들의 공간지각 능력과는 상관이 없음. 따라 턴의 반응을 설명하며, 그 중력의 법칙 자체는 설명될 수 없다는
서 ③이 흐름과 관계가 없음. 글이 이어진다. (A)에서는 법칙들과 원리들 중에는 설명되지 않은
채로 남은 것이 있다는 것으로 글을 마무리 한다.
111) ①
120) ② 어떤 사회적 조건에서도, 웃음은 다른 사람과 사회 유대
[해설]
타인의 조언 중에서 새로운 습관에 관해서는 자신을 거기에 맞추 관계를 형성하는데 큰 역할을 한다.
는 것이 최선이 아니라고 말하면서 (A)에서 그 예로 핫 요가와 [해설]
① laughter : 웃음 / breaking : 단절하기
새벽기상을 보여주며, (C)에서 그 예시(새벽기상)가 긍정적이지만
은 않다고 말을 하며 (B)에서 타인의 접근법으로 똑같이 하지 않 ③ sharing feelings : 감정 공유 / forming : 형성하기
는다고 자책할 필요가 없는 이유를 설명해준다. ④ sharing feelings : 감정 공유 / weakening : 악화시키기
⑤ company : 함께 있음 / weakening : 악화시키기
112) ④ 문화적 구성 121) ⑤ 터치스크린 뒤에 숨겨진 작동 방식
[해설]
[해설]
① 독특한 삶의 방식 ② 문화적 다양성 ③ 균형 잡힌 조화
① 공장들의 위치 ② 그 장비들의 사양 ③ 소질의 중요성
⑤ 보편적 공통점
④ 장시간 사용의 부작용
113) ⑤
[해설] 122) ④
인간의 환경에 대한 지배가 실현되었다는 내용이 나오고 이어 제
123) ① In contrast : 대조적으로 / Futhermore : 게다가
조업이 발달하고 증기 기관의 발달이 대량 생산을 가능하게 했다
[해설]
는 내용으로 (C)가 적절하다. 이어 상대적으로 시골의 농업 사회
② However : 그러나 / In fact : 사실상
가 소외된다는 내용의 (B)가 나오고 마지막으로 사기업의 이윤을
③ Therefore : 그러므로 / In addition : 게다가
증대하기 위해 환경에 힘을 행사했다는 내용의 (A)단락이 적합하
④ On the other hand : 반면에 / As a result : 그 결과
다.
⑤ For example : 예를 들어 / In addition : 게다가
114) ⑤
124) ④ 자기 생각을 다룬 책 한 권 길이의 출간물을 내는 것
[해설]
[해설]
주어진 문장은 기존 활동 외에 작곡도 했다는 내용이다. 사진작
① 혁신적인 아이디어를 생각해내는 것
가로 왕성한 활동한 내용 이후에 추가적으로 기술하는 것이 자연
② 그들의 발견을 전하는 논문을 저술하는 것
스럽기에 정답은 ⑤이다.
③ 수사의 기술을 가지고 그들의 생각을 표현하는 것
⑤ 그들의 창의적인 사고를 이해할만한 지식을 가진 사람이 거의

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125) ④ However : 그러나 / For example : 예를 들어 137) while producing significant impacts on the environment
[해설]
① Hence : 따라서 / However : 그러나 138) His interest in photography was inspired by a
② Rather : 오히려 / Therefore : 그러므로 photo­essay he read about migrant farm workers.
③ Similarly : 유사하게 / In contrast : 대조적으로
139) the problem with social comparison is that it often
⑤ As a result : 결과적으로 / For instance : 예를 들어
backfires.
126) ③
140) they will usually assume that their experimental technique
[해설]
is faulty
박스 안 the situation은 심리적 거리를 제시하기 위해 사례로 언
급된 낮선 사람과 함께 타게 된 엘리베이터 상황을 가리킨다. 그 141) loitering the corridors and fawning at the slightest
러므로 ③이 정답이다. opportunity.
127) ③번 142) we do know (that) they are strongly intertwined.
[해설] 동사강조 생략
According to many philosophers, there is a purely logical
reason why science will never be able to explain everything. 143) there is a purely logical reason why science will never be
For in order to explain something, whatever ① it is, we need able to explain everything.
to invoke something else. But what explains the second thing?
To illustrate, recall that Newton explained a diverse range of 144) frequency of laughter in matched pairs of strangers or
② phenomena using his law of gravity. But what explains the friends who watched a humorous video together compared to
law of gravity itself? If someone asks why all bodies exert ③ those who watched it alone
a gravitational attraction on each other, what should we tell
145) 기기 뒤에 숨겨진 기본 원리를 이해하는 것
them? Newton had no answer to this question. In Newtonian
science the law of gravity was a fundamental principle: it
146) the frames and metaphors we use to understand the
explained ④ other things, but could not itself be explained.
world shape the scientific discoveries we make
The moral generalizes. However much the science of the
future can explain, the ⑤ explanations it gives will have to 147) can be such a boring experience that many students
make use of certain fundamental laws and principles. Since never want to open a foreign language book again
nothing can explain itself, it follows that at least some of
these laws and principles will themselves remain unexplained. 148) it eventually became possible for scientists to establish a
- 적색: 과학적 원리를 이용하여 설명 가능한 현상 reputation for their creative contributions
- 청색: 과학적 원리 그 자체 (중력)
149) it is possible to increase the number of consumers who
128) ⑤ watch games
박스안 주어진 문장은 세 가지 사회적 조건에서 동영상의 재미나
행복감 또는 불안감에 대한 평가가 다르지 않다는 내용을 다루는 * 원문변형
데, 이 발견에 대한 결론이 그 다음에 이어져야 하므로 ⑤가 적 원문 : it is possible to increase the number of consumers who
절하다. watch

129) ③ 150) Distance is a reliable indicator of the relationship

between two people.
130) ④
[해설] 151) highly creative architects were more likely than their
주어진 문장 앞 문장에서 언급한 부모가 학대하지 않고 갈등도 technically competent but less original peers to come from
피하지 않았다는 내용에 이어 아이들에게 어떻게 갈등을 직면하 homes with plenty of friction.
는지 가르친 내용의 주어진 문장이 위치해야 한다.
152) (A) I would really appreciate it
131) I would be really grateful if you could do this for me. (B) if you could change my tickets

132) We’ve been waiting until the last minute, afraid any 153) There’s only thirty minutes left until the show starts.
refreshments I eat might accidentally fall onto it and stain it. V S

133) As a parent, you should expose your children to other 154) makes kids more creative and allows them to capture
cultures as often as possible. unconventional ideas from other cultures to expand on their
own ideas.
134) they interpreted the new information about a spherical
earth within their flat­earth view - allows : makes와 병렬구조, 시제일치
- to capture : allow는 목적격 보어로 to부정사를 써야 한다.
135) advice / match
- to expand : ‘~하기 위하여’의 의미로 to부정사가 와야 한다.
[해설]
지인들로부터의 모든 조언이 모든 사람에게 적합한 것은 아니므 155) When told it is round, children often pictured the earth
로, 누군가에게 효과가 있었던 방식이 당신에게 맞지 않는다고 as a pancake rather than as a sphere.
하여 실망하지 마라.
156) don’t beat yourself up if your friend’s answer doesn’t
136) the people we identify as “the same race” are less and change you in the same way
less like one another and more and more like people we
identify as “different races.” 157) the way we use physical differences to classify people
into discrete races is a cultural construction

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