ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ :ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻢ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻫﻲ
)ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ(
ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ
ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ
ﺣﺎﻣﺪﺍ ﻭﻣﺼﻠﻴﺎ
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻤﻮﻉ ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫﻧﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻫﻲ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ،ﺍﺧﺘﺰﺎ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ .ﻭﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻥ
ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫﻧﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ :ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﳘﻬﺎ ،ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻄﻤﺌﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﺇﻻ
ﺎ .ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﺪﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺂﺀ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻜﻪ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﳚﺮﻱ ﺣﺴﺐ
ﺭﺿﺎﻩ ﻭﺇﺫﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻔﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺑﺼﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ
ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ ﻭﺇﺣﺎﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ،ﻭﺣﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﳊﻖ ،ﻻ ﻳﺪﻉ ﳏﻼ ﻟﻠﺸﻚ ﰲ ﺃﻥ
ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﳚﺮﻱ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻻ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺂﺀ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺪ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺘﻪ.
ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺇﻥ ﲨﺎﻉ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺼﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻭﺃﳘﻬﺎ
ﺗﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﳌﻠﻚ .ﻭﻣﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ،ﻭﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ
ﻛﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺑﺈﲤﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺗﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻊ
ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺗﻪ ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ.
ﻓﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻮﻕ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻭﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﲢﺖ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺇﻻﻫﻴﺔ،
ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺃﻭﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺇﻻﻫﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ
٢ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻭﺟﻬﻢ ﻭﻧﺰﻭﳍﻢ .ﰒ ﻧﺆﺳﺲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﳍﺎ،
ﻭﻧﺆﺳﺲ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺎ ،ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺭﲪﺔ ﻭﻟﻸﺭﺽ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ.
ﻭﻻ ﳜﻔﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺘﺮﺗﺒﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻲ ،ﻓﻼ ﺗﺴﻤﻮ ﻭﻻ ﺒﻂ ﺃﻣﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻣﻶﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺃﻭ
ﺿﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﻋﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺫﻝ ﻧﺰﻝ ﺑﻘﻮﻡ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻳﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﺎﻥ .ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻠﻪ ﲢﺖ ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻓﻪ ،ﺇﻥ
ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﲡﺮﻱ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ .ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﳒﻌﻞ
ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻟﻮ ﺃﺳﺴﺖ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﻟﻜﺎﻧﺖ
ﺃﺣﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﺃﻧﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﱂ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﺫ ﱂ ﻳﺒﻨﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻞ ﻗﺼﺮﻭﺍ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﻭﺭﺑﻄﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺄﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻏﲑ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻓﺨﺎﺏ
ﺳﻌﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻨﺠﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺇﺫ ﱂ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻨﺎ ﻓﺄﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫﻧﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ -ﺭﲪﻪ
ﺍﷲ -ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻉ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﻭﻳﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺞ ﻳﺘﻴﺴﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻬﻢ
ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ،ﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳍﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻼﻟﺔ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ،ﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎﻭﻳﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻢ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﻓﺎﺿﻠﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺇﻻﻫﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ .ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻔﺰ ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ
ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﻘﻘﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ .ﻟﻮ ﺗﻴﺴﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺇﲤﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺄﻥ
ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ .ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﺫ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
٣ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﳑﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ
ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﻭﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ،
ﻭﻣﻦ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪﻩ ﰲ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺪﻳﻨﺎ
ﺇﱃ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺗﺒﻴﲔ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ؟ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ
ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ؟ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻬﺎ؟ ﻭﺇﱃ ﻣﱴ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻗﻮﻡ،
ﰒ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﻠﺐ ﻭﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﻗﻮﻣﹰﺎ ﺁﺧﺮ؟ ﻭﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺗﻌﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ .ﻓﻌﺰﻣﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﲨﻊ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻶﱄ ﻭﺃﻧﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻠﻚ ﰒ ﺃﻋﺮﺍﺿﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ .ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ
ﳍﻢ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﻓﺠﻤﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ،
ﻭﺭﺗﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻬﺎ ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻤﻮﻉ .ﻭﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻧﻪ
ﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﺎ ﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﺻﻮﻻ ﻟﺘﺎﺳﻴﺲ
ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﳍﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺗﺪﺑﺮﻧﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ .ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺭﲪﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ.
ﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺣﻲ
ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪﻳﺔ
ﻏﺮﺓ ﺍﶈﺮﻡ ﺳﻨﺔ ١٣٩١ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻳﺔ
٤ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
٥ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻳﺎ ﺑﺆﺱ ﻟﻠﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺷﻘﻴﺎ ﺳﻌﻴﺪﻫﺎ
ﻓﻴﺎﻭﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﻌﻰ ﳍﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺰﻳﺪﻫﺎ
ﻓﻼ ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻀﺮ ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ
ﻭﻻ ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﺢ ﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ
ﻓﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻋﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ
ﻭﺻﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺻﺪﻭﺩﻫﺎ
ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺍﻫﻲ
٦ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ
ﻓﺎﲢﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ
) (١ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻢ ،ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﻢ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ .ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺓ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ،ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳌﺆﻳﺪ ﺑﺂﻝ ﺣﻢ ،ﺍﳌﺒﺸﺮ ﲟﻠﻜﻮﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﰲ
ﻛﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻗﺪﱘ ،ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤﻒ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻭﻧﻮﺡ ﻭﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﰐ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ
ﻭﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﻭﺩﺍﺅﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﻢ ،ﺻﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺫﺭﻳﺘﻬﻢ
ﺃﲨﻌﲔ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ:
ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺇﻻ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﻔﺠﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ،ﻛﺄﺎ
ﻧﺒﻌﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﲔ ﲨﻮﻡ.
ﻭﺇﺫ ﱂ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻨﺎ ،ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻭﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﻭﻧﺒﲔ
ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺼﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ،ﺣﱴ ﻳﺘﻀﺢ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﰲ
ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺒﲔ ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﻤﺄﻧﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻘﲔ.
ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
) (٢ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ:
ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺼﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ،ﻭﺃﳘﻬﺎ
٧ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺗﻔﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﻠﻚ ،ﻓﻼ ﻧﺬﻋﻦ ﻟﺴﻮﺍﻩ .ﻭﻣﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ -ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﺒﲏ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻠﻜﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻜﻪ ﻭﺭﲪﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﻟﻪ ﻭﺗﺄﺧﲑ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩ
ﳊﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﲪﻠﻪ ﻭﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﳏﻤﺪ -ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ -ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ-
ﻭﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺑﺈﲤﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ
ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺗﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺗﻪ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ
ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ .ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﻓﻠﻮﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺮﻭﺎ .ﻓﺄﺣﺘﺠﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ
ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﳊﺠﺐ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ- - - - - -
ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﰲ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ
) (٣ﻭﻳﺘﺴﲑ ﺑﻪ:
-١ﻓﻬﻢ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻃﻤﻨﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳋﲑ.
ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﺣﻜﻤﻴﺔ.
-٢ﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﻳﻘﻊ .ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻘﲔ .ﻭﻫﻲ
ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ.
-٣ﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﻊ ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺛﺒﻮﺎ .ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ
ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ.
-٤ﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻹﳒﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﻈﺮﻳﻦ .ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺻﻠﻰ
ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ.
-٥ﻭﻋﻠﻢ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﻓﺎﺿﻠﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺇﻻﻫﻴﺔ) .ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ
ﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ(
٨ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
-٦ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺷﺮﻳﻌﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺇﺛﺒﺎﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ،
ﻭﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺎ.
-٧ﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳍﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻼﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺿﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺨﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻬﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﻜﻴﺖ.
-٨ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺻﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ
ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ،ﻭﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﲟﺎ ﻗﻀﻰ.
-٩ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﻳﻨﻜﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﱪ ﻭﺍﳍﻮﻯ ،ﻭﺛﺒﻮﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﰲ
ﺗﺮﺗﺐ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎﻭﻳﺔ
ﳑﺎ ﳚﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺎﻭﺓ - - - - - - - - -
ﻼ
ﻼ ﻭﻋﻘ ﹰ ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﻧﻘ ﹰ
) (٤ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺃﳘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳊﻖ
ﻭﻻ ﻳﻄﻤﺌﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﺇﻻ ﺎ ،ﻣﺎ ﻫﺪﺍﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻗﺮﻳﻨﺔ
ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ،ﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻋﺪﻟﻪ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ
ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺂﺀ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﹰﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻜﻪ ،ﻭﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﳚﺮﻱ
ﺣﺴﺐ ﺭﺿﺎﻩ ﻭﺇﺫﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻔﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻪ
ﻚ
ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺝ﴿ :ﹶﻟﻪ ﻣ ﹾﻠ
ﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹸﻛﻞﱢ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﺷﻬﹺﻴ ﺪ﴾ ١ﻭﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ:
ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺ
ﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ
ﺍﻟ
1ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺝ ٩ :٨٥
٩ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻚ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹸﻛﻞﱢ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﹶﻗﺪﻳ ﺮ﴾ ٢ﻭﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﴿ ﺗﺒﺎ ﺭ ﻙ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﹺﺑﻴ ﺪ ﻩ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﹾﻠ
ﺽ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺰﹺﻳ ﺰﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺ ﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ﴿ :ﺳﺒ ﺢ ﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ
ﺖ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹸﻛﻞﱢ ﺤﻴﹺﻲ ﻭﻳﻤﻴ ﺽ ﻳ ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﻚ ﺍﻟ ﺤﻜﻴ ﻢ .ﹶﻟﻪ ﻣ ﹾﻠ ﺍﹾﻟ
ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﹶﻗﺪﻳ ﺮ .ﻫ ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄﻭ ﹸﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺂ ﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﱠﺎ ﻫ ﺮ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﺒﺎ ﻃﻦ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﹺﺑ ﹸﻜﻞﱢ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﻋﻠﻴ ﻢ.
ﺵﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺘ ﺔ ﹶﺃﻳﺎ ﹴﻡ ﹸﺛﻢ ﺍ ﺳﺘﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌ ﺮ ﹺ ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ
ﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﻫ ﻮ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﹶﻠ ﻖ ﺍﻟ
ﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳ ﹺﱰﻝﹸ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﻟ ﺽ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳ ﻳ ﻌﹶﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺ
ﻚ
ﺼ ﲑ .ﹶﻟﻪ ﻣ ﹾﻠ ﻳ ﻌﺮﺝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﻣ ﻌﻜﹸ ﻢ ﹶﺃﻳ ﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻛﹸﻨﺘ ﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ ﹺﺑﻤﺎ ﺗ ﻌ ﻤﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺑ
ﺽ ﻭﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﺗ ﺮ ﺟﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﻮ ﺭ .ﻳﻮﻟﺞ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻴ ﹶﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎ ﹺﺭ ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺ ﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﺍﻟ
ﺼﺪﻭ ﹺﺭ﴾ ٣ﻭﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺕ ﺍﻟ ﻭﻳﻮﻟﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎ ﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻴ ﹺﻞ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﻋﻠﻴ ﻢ ﹺﺑﺬﹶﺍ
ﺽ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻨ ﻬﻤﺎ ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﻚ ﺍﻟ ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻑ ﴿ :ﻭﺗﺒﺎ ﺭ ﻙ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﹶﻟﻪ ﻣ ﹾﻠ
ﻭﻋﻨ ﺪﻩ ﻋ ﹾﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎ ﻋ ﺔ ﻭﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴ ﻪ ﺗ ﺮ ﺟﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾٤ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑ.
ﰒ ﻣﺎ ﺻﺮﺡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﺮﻓﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻧﺰﺍﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ﻭﺇﻧﺒﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ،
ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﺕ ،ﻭﺗﺴﺨﲑﻩ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ
ﺻﺮﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﺮﻓﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻃﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻓﻜﺜﲑ ﺟﺪﹰﺍ.
ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﺗﻔﻖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ،ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﱂ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﺩﻻﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ
ﻟﻮﺿﻮﺣﻬﺎ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺑﺼﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ ،ﻭﺇﺣﺎﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻪ،
ﻼ ﻟﻠﺸﻚ ﰲ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﳚﺮﻱ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻭﺣﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﳊﻖ ﻻ ﻳﺪﻉ ﳏ ﹰ
2ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ١ :٦٧
3ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ ٦ -١ :٥٧
4ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻑ ٨٥ :٤٣
١٠ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺂﺀ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺿﺪ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻠﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
) (٥ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻺﻧﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻛﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻈﻮﺍﻫﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺮﻓﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺍﺕ ﻇﻨﻮﻧﹰﺎ ﻭﺃﻭﻫﺎﻣﺎﹰ ،ﳌﺎ ﺃﻢ ﻳﺸﺎﻫﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ
ﻭﺍﻵﻻﻡ ،ﺑﻞ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻳﺮﻭﻥ ﻏﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﻖ ﻭﻫﻀﻢ ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺍﺭ ﻭﻃﻐﻴﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺎﺭ ،ﻓﻤﻨﻬﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺁﻣﻦ ﺑﺈﻻﻫﲔ ﻛﺎﻮﺱ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﲢﺖ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺯﻋﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺂﺕ ﲞﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﻛﺎﳌﻌﺘﺰﻟﺔ .ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺁﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ
ﻓﺒﻬﺘﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺯﻋﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻵﳍﺔ ﻳﺘﻔﺮﺟﻮﻥ ﲟﺎ ﳚﺮﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻤﺸﺮﻛﻲ
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ.
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ :ﻣﻦ ﺟﺤﺪ ﺑﺎﻹﻟﻪ ﺍﳊﻲ ﻭﲤﺴﻚ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﰒ ﻳﻨﺎﻗﻀﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻛﻤﻼﺣﺪﺓ ﻛﻞ ﻗﺮﻥ.
ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﲬﺴﺔ ﻣﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻼﻟﺔ ،ﻧﺸﺄ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﻮﺭ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ.
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻬﺔ ،ﻓﻠﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎﻥ :ﺇﲨﺎﱄ ﻭﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻘﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻚ﴿ .ﹶﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﻦ ﹶﻻ
١١ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺤ ﻖ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ﴾ ٥ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻟﻠﺮﺍﺳﺨﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻳ ﻐﻨﹺﻲ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ
ﻋﻠﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻏﲑ ﳏﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ،ﻓﻨﺆﻣﻦ ﲟﺎ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻧﺴﻜﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻬﻮﻝ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ -ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ -ﰲ ﻭﻋﻈﻪ :ﻭﺻﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺴﻨﺎ
ﰲ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻭﺩﻉ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﺳﺮﺍﺋﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻖ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺪﺭﻙ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ،ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﳛﻴﻂ ﺑﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﻬﻬﺎ .ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ
ﺴ ﻦ ﹸﻛ ﱠﻞ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﺧﹶﻠ ﹶﻘﻪ ٦﴾ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ﴿ :ﹶﺃ ﺣ
ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻗﻴﲔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﳚﺮﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﺴﻦ ﳌﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ،ﺇﻣﺎ
ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺧﻔﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻋﻘﻮﻟﻨﺎ ﻗﺎﺻﺮﺓ ،ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﲢﻴﻂ ﺑﻜﻨﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ؟ ﻭﺇﳕﺎ
ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻴﻘﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻹﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻻ ﳏﻴﺺ
ﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﳏﻞ ﲝﺜﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺣﺠﺞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ.
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ :ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻬﺔ ،ﻭﳍﺎ ﺷﻌﺒﺘﺎﻥ :ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ
ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ .ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻵﻻﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺆﺱ .ﻓﻨﺠﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ
ﰲ ﻓﺼﻠﲔ.
ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ
) (٢ﺇﳕﺎ ﺷﺮﻑ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻟﺘﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ.
ﻓﺄﳍﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ ،ﻭﺑﻼ ﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻗﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻃﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ
ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻭﻋﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﻛﻴﺔ ،ﺣﱴ
5ﻳﻮﻧﺲ ٣٦ :١٠
6ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺪﺓ ٧ :٣٢
١٢ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺗﻨﺨﻠﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻔﲎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ :ﺧﹶﻠ ﻖ
ﺴﻦ ﻋ ﻤﻠﹰﺎ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺰﹺﻳ ﺰ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻐﻔﹸﻮ ﺭ﴾٧ ﺤﻴﺎ ﹶﺓ ﻟﻴﺒﻠﹸ ﻮﻛﹸ ﻢ ﹶﺃﻳ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﹶﺃ ﺣ
ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﻮ
ﺠ ﻌ ﹾﻠﻨﺎ ﻩ ﺳﻤﻴﻌﺎﺝ ﻧﺒﺘﻠﻴ ﻪ ﹶﻓ
ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻧﺎ ﺧﹶﻠ ﹾﻘﻨﺎ ﺍﹾﻟﺈﹺﻧﺴﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻧ ﹾﻄ ﹶﻔ ﺔ ﹶﺃ ﻣﺸﺎ ﹴ
ﺴﺒﹺﻴ ﹶﻞ)ﺃﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎﻩ ﺼﲑﺍ).ﺃﻱ ﻭﻫﺒﻨﺎﻩ ﻓﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﲤﻴﺰﺍ( ﹺﺇﻧﺎ ﻫ ﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻩ ﺍﻟ ﺑ
ﲰﻴﻌﺎ ﺑﺼﲑﺍ ،ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻘﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺃﺭﻳﻨﺎﻩ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺯ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ( ﹺﺇﻣﺎ
ﺷﺎ ﻛﺮﺍ ﻭﹺﺇﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﻔﹸﻮﺭﺍ﴾ ٨ﺃﻱ ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻩ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﻛﺮﹰﺍ ﺑﺎﺗﺒﺎﻋﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻔﻮﺭﺍ
ﺠﻌﻞ ﱠﻟ ﻪ ﻋﻴﻨﻴ ﹺﻦ .ﻭﻟﺴﺎﻧﺎ ﻭ ﺷ ﹶﻔﺘﻴ ﹺﻦ. ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﻜﺐ ﻋﻨﻪ .ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﴿ :ﹶﺃﹶﻟ ﻢ ﻧ
ﺠ ﺪﻳ ﹺﻦ﴾ ١٠ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﴿ ﻫ ﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻩ ﺠ ﺪﻳ ﹺﻦ﴾ ٩ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﴿ ﻭ ﻫ ﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻩ ﺍﻟﻨ ﻭ ﻫ ﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻩ ﺍﻟﻨ
ﺴﺒﹺﻴ ﹶﻞ﴾ ١١ﺃﻱ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﲔ ﻋﻘﻴﺐ ﺫﻟﻚ. ﺍﻟ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﺑﺘﻼﺀ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺇﻻ ﺟﺰﺀﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀ .ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﱪﺯ ﻣﺎ
ﺃﻭﺩﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺋﻊ ،ﻓﻴﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﳜﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ
ﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ .ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺃﻭﺩﻋﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻓﺼﺎﺭ
ﺍﺑﺘﻼﺀﻫﺎ ﺑﺈﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻗﻮﺍﻫﺎ ،ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺑﺎﳊﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺂﺕ .ﰒ ﺃﻭﺩﻋﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﻯ
ﺗﱪﺯ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﻣﺔ ،ﻓﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ،
ﺿﻨﺎ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄﻣﺎﻧ ﹶﺔﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻧﺎ ﻋ ﺮ
7ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ٢ :٦٧
8ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ٣ -٢ :٧٦
9ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ١٠ -٨ :٩٠
10ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ١٠ :٩٠
11ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ٣ :٧٦
١٣ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺤ ﻤ ﹾﻠﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﹶﺃ ﺷ ﹶﻔ ﹾﻘ ﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺠﺒﺎ ﹺﻝ ﹶﻓﹶﺄﺑﻴ ﻦ ﺃﹶﻥ ﻳ
ﺽ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﹺﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟ
ﻭ ﺣ ﻤﹶﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﹾﻟﺈﹺﻧﺴﺎﻥﹸ ﹺﺇﻧ ﻪ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻇﻠﹸﻮﻣﺎ ﺟﻬﻮﻟﹰﺎ) .ﺃﻱ ﳌﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻣﻮﺩﻋﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﺗﻜﻤﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﲑ ﺗﻘﻴﺎﹰ ،ﺃﳌﻴﻌﺎ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ
ﻟﻪ ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﱂ ﻳﺘﺮﻕ ﻭﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳋﻼﺋﻖ .ﻓﺴﻤﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ
ﲰﻴﻌﺎ ،ﺑﺼﲑﹰﺍ ﳌﺎ ﺃﻭﺩﻉ ﻓﻄﺮﺗﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻣﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺍﻥ ،ﻭﻇﻠﻮﻣﺎﹰ ،ﺟﻬﻮ ﹰﻻ
ﺏ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ
ﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﻃﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺒﺴﻮﻃﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ( ﻟﻴ ﻌ ﱢﺬ
ﺏ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺕ ﻭﻳﺘﻮ ﺸ ﹺﺮﻛﹶﺎ
ﲔ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﺸ ﹺﺮ ﻛ
ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻤ ﲔ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﹶﺎ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤﻨﺎﻓ ﻘ
ﺕ )ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻻ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ( ﻭﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻏﻔﹸﻮﺭﺍ ﲔ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﺆ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ ﺆ ﻣﹺﻨ
ﺭﺣﻴﻤﺎ﴾ ١٢ﻓﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﱂ ﻳﺰﻝ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻏﻔﻮﺭﹰﺍ ﺭﺣﻴﻤﺎ.
ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﰉ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ .ﻓﺈﻥ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﻳﺪﻩ .ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺭ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﺍﻫﺔ،
ﺲ ﻟ ﹾﻠﺈﹺﻧﺴﺎ ﻥ ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻌﻰ﴾١٣ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﻟﱠﻴ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺎ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ:
ﺽ ﹶﻓﻤﻦ ﹶﻛ ﹶﻔ ﺮ ﹶﻓ ﻌﹶﻠﻴ ﻪ ﹸﻛ ﹾﻔ ﺮ ﻩ﴾ ١٤ﺃﻱ ﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺ ﴿ﻫ ﻮ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﺟ ﻌﹶﻠﻜﹸ ﻢ ﺧﻠﹶﺎﺋ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻜﺮﻫﻪ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺨﺮﺍ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺧﻠﻒ .ﻭﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﹰﺎ ﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺭﺑﻪ ،ﻓﻼ
ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺯﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﻳﻮﻥ .ﻭﺃﻋﺮﺿﺖ ﻋﻦ ﲝﺚ ﺍﳉﱪ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﻟﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ" .ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ
12ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ ٧٣ -٧٢ :٣٣
13ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻢ ٣٩ :٥٣
14ﻓﺎﻃﺮ ٣٩ :٣٥
١٤ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺁﻳﺔ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﱪ ﰲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ.
ﻓﻌﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺳﻴﺌﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻇﻼﻝ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﰲ ﻋﺮﻭﺟﻬﺎ،
ﻓﺈﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﺗﺘﺮﰉ ﰲ ﻣﻬﺪﻩ .ﻭﰲ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ .ﻭﻗﻊ ﻧﻈﺮ
ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﺄﺟﺎﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺄﻧﻜﻢ ﻻ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ
ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺮﻑ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺑﻌﻠﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ،ﰒ ﺑﺪﺀ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﻋﻘﺒﺎﺕ
ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻓﻬﺒﻂ ﻭﺻﻌﺪ ﻭﺃﻢ ﻭﺃﳒﺪ ،ﻓﻮﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﺑﻨﺠﺎﺗﻨﺎ
ﻭﻃﻬﺎﺭﺗﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺎﺕ ،ﺑﻞ ﺻﺮﺡ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﺣﺔ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺋﺐ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ
ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺿﺮﺏ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﳒﻴﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﺎﺀ
ﰲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻭﺭﺍﺣﻠﺔ ﻋﲔ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺇﳕﺎ
ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﰲ ﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ.
ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺣﻞ ﺷﺒﻬﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﻡ .ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻵﻻﻡ ﻓﻨﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﰲ
ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻵﰐ.
ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﺍﻵﻻﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺆﺱ
) (٧ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﺀﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ،ﻫﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ
ﻇﻬﺮ ﻭﺑﻄﻦ .ﻓﻈﺎﻫﺮﻫﺎ :ﻏﻠﺒﺔ ﺃﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺗﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﳋﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺆﺱ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﳍﺒﻮﻁ.
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻃﻨﻬﺎ :ﻓﻠﻪ ﻭﺟﻬﺎﻥ :ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻭﻣﻌﻮﺝ ،ﻭﺣﻖ ﻭﺑﺎﻃﻞ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ :ﻓﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﺑﺄﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻏﲑ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ
ﺍﻹﺗﻔﺎﻕ .ﻛﺄﻥ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﺧﲑ .ﻭﻛﺄﻥ ﺍﳋﻼﺋﻖ ﺫﺍﻫﺒﺔ
ﺇﱃ ﻏﲑ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻇﻠﻤﺔ ﻋﻤﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻮﺓ ﻫﻮﻫﺎﺀ.
١٥ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ :ﻓﺮﺑﻂ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺰ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻝ ،ﺇﱃ ﻣﺸﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺟﺪﻳﺮﺓ ﺎ .ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ
ﻻﳒﺪ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﺔ .ﻓﺈﻥ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ ﻭﺻﺤﻒ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺂﺀ ﺗﺮﺍﻫﺎ
ﻻ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮ ﻧﺰﻝ ﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺗﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﺎﻥ .ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻧﺮﻯ ﰲ ﻗﺼﺺ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ،ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﱪ ﻭﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ،ﺗﺬﻛﺮﻧﺎ
ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ .ﰒ ﺻﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﺑﺂﻳﺎﺕ
ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ:
ﻓﻤﻨﻬﺎ :ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﻐﻴ ﺮ ﻣﺎ ﹺﺑ ﹶﻘ ﻮ ﹴﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ
ﻼ ﻣ ﺮ ﺩ ﹶﻟﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺴ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻭﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﹶﺃﺭﺍ ﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﹼ ﻪ ﹺﺑ ﹶﻘ ﻮ ﹴﻡ ﺳﻮﺀًﺍ ﹶﻓ ﹶ
ﻳ ﻐﻴﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﻣﺎ ﹺﺑﹶﺄﻧﻔﹸ ِ
ﺩﻭﹺﻧ ﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍ ﹴﻝ)ﺃﻱ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﲑﻭﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳋﲑ ،ﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﷲ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﺬﻳﻘﻬﻢ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻷﺣﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﲝﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﺪﺑﲑ ،ﻭﻳﻘﻴﻬﻢ
ﻣﻦ ﺑﺄﺱ ﺍﷲ .ﰒ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﰲ ﻗﺒﻀﺘﻪ ،ﻓﻤﺜﻞ
ﻕ ﺧ ﻮﻓﹰﺎﳍﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳉﻼﺀ( ﻫ ﻮ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﹺﻳ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟﺒ ﺮ
ﻼﺋ ﹶﻜﺔﹸ ﻣ ﻦ
ﺤ ﻤ ﺪ ﻩ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﹶ ﺏ ﺍﻟﱢﺜﻘﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ .ﻭﻳ
ﺴﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺮ ﻋ ﺪ ﹺﺑ ﺴﺤﺎ ﻭ ﹶﻃ ﻤﻌﺎ ﻭﻳﻨﺸﻰ ُﺀ ﺍﻟ
ﺐ ﹺﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﻭ ﻫ ﻢ ﻳﺠﺎ ﺩﻟﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﺼﻮﺍ ﻋ ﻖ ﹶﻓﻴﺼﻴ ﺧﻴ ﹶﻔﺘ ﻪ ﻭﻳ ﺮ ﺳﻞﹸ ﺍﻟ
ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﺷﺪﻳ ﺪ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤﺤﺎ ﹺﻝ﴾ ١٥ﻓﺒﲔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮ،
ﻭﻻ ﻳﺼﻴﺐ ﺃﺣﺪﹰﺍ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺇﻻ ﲟﺸﻴﺘﻪ .ﻓﻌﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﱰﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ
ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻤﻮﻉ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺍﺩﹰﺍ .ﻓﻬﻮ ﲟﺸﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﲔ
15ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ ١٣ -١١ :١٣
١٦ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺁﻳﺔ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﻐﻴ ﺮ ﻣﺎ ﹺﺑ ﹶﻘ ﻮ ﹴﻡ﴾ ١٦ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺗﺒﺘﺪﺀ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ﴿ :ﹶﻟﻪ
ﺤ ﹶﻔﻈﹸﻮﻧﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﹶﺃ ﻣ ﹺﺮ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﻐﻴ ﺮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴ ﹺﻦ ﻳ ﺪﻳ ﻪ ﻭ ﻣ ﻦ ﺧ ﹾﻠ ﻔ ﻪ ﻳ ﻣ ﻌ ﱢﻘﺒﺎ
ﻣﺎ ﹺﺑ ﹶﻘ ﻮ ﹴﻡ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ﴾ ١٧ﻓﺒﲔ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺸﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻮﻡ
ﺗﺼﺮﻓﻪ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻭﻻ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻫﻬﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎﺋﻬﺎ.
ﺤ ﹺﺮ ﹺﺑﻤﺎ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻝ ﴿ :ﹶﻇ ﻬ ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻔﺴﺎ ﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﺒ ﺮ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﺒ
ﺾ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﻋ ﻤﻠﹸﻮﺍ ﹶﻟ ﻌﻠﱠﻬ ﻢ ﻳ ﺮ ﹺﺟﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾١٨ ﺱ ﻟﻴﺬﻳ ﹶﻘﻬﻢ ﺑ ﻌ ﺖ ﹶﺃﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ﹺ ﺴﺒ
ﹶﻛ
ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺇﻻ ﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻮﺍ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺂﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﻨﻔﺼﻠﻪ.
ﺖ ﹶﺃﻳﺪﻳ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﺴﺒ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﴿ :ﻭﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺻﺎﺑﻜﹸﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻴﺒ ﺔ ﹶﻓﹺﺒﻤﺎ ﹶﻛ
ﻭﻳ ﻌﻔﹸﻮ ﻋﻦ ﹶﻛﺜ ﹴﲑ﴾ ١٩ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺔ ،ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ.
ﰒ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻣﻶﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﳍﻢ ،ﻭﳔﺘﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﺬﻛﺮ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﰲ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ .ﲡﺮﻱ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺣﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﲟﺎ ﲣﻔﻰ
ﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻭ ﻡ .ﻓﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻓﻠﲔ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ﴿ :ﺍﱂ .ﻏﹸﻠﺒ
ﲔ ﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﻣ ﺮ
ﻀ ﹺﻊ ﺳﹺﻨ ﺽ ﻭﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ ﹶﻏﹶﻠﹺﺒ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﺳﻴ ﻐﻠﺒﻮ ﹶﻥ .ﻓﻲ ﹺﺑ ﹶﺃ ﺩﻧﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺ
ﻣﻦ ﹶﻗﺒﻞﹸ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻌﺪ )ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺀﻫﻢ ﱂ ﻳﻐﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻫﻢ ﻳﻐﻠﺒﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺼ ﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺼ ﹺﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﻳﻨ ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺋﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﺍﷲ( ﻭﻳ ﻮ ﻣﺌ ﺬ ﻳ ﹾﻔ ﺮﺡ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﺆ ﻣﻨﻮ ﹶﻥ .ﹺﺑﻨ
16ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ ١١ :١٣
17ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ ١١ :١٣
18ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ٤١ :٣٠
19ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ ٣٠ :٤٢
١٧ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺰﹺﻳ ﺰ ﺍﻟ ﺮﺣﻴ ﻢ )ﺃﻱ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ ﻻﺑﺮﺍﻡ ﺧﻼﻓﻪ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺪﺑﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ
ﺨﻠﻒ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ( ﻭ ﻋ ﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﻟﹶﺎ ﻳ
ﺱ ﻟﹶﺎ ﻳ ﻌﹶﻠﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ) .ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﺇﳕﺎ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ ﻭ ﻋ ﺪﻩ ﻭﹶﻟ ﻜ ﻦ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﹶﺜ ﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ﹺ
ﻫﻮ ﺑﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻳﺄﺗﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺸﻴﺌﺘﻪ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ(
ﺤﻴﺎ ﺓ ﺍﻟ ﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ ﻫ ﻢ ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟﹾﺂ ﺧ ﺮ ﺓ ﻫ ﻢ ﻏﹶﺎﻓﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻳ ﻌﹶﻠﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻇﹶﺎ ﻫﺮﺍ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ
ﻋﻠﺔ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻫﻮ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺑﺄﻣﺮﻩ ﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﰒ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺕﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﺴ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺧﹶﻠ ﻖ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ ﺍﻟ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻞ( ﹶﺃ ﻭﹶﻟ ﻢ ﻳﺘ ﹶﻔﻜﱠﺮﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺃﹶﻧﻔﹸ ِ
ﺱ ﹺﺑﻠﻘﹶﺎﺀﺴﻤﻰ ﻭﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﹶﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ﹺ ﺤ ﻖ ﻭﹶﺃ ﺟ ﹴﻞ ﻣ ﺽ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻨ ﻬﻤﺎ ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ
ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ
ﺭﺑ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﹶﻟﻜﹶﺎﻓﺮﻭ ﹶﻥ)ﺃﻱ ﺇﺫ ﺃﻧﻪ ﱂ ﳜﻠﻖ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻋﺒﺜﹰﺎ ﺑﻞ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻳﺮﻯ
ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻜﺮ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺃﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺧﻔﻀﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺣﻖ
ﻭﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ .ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﻭﺍﳋﻠﻖ ،ﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻭﺃﺛﺮ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ ،ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﺟﻞ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﲨﺎﻝ
ﻣﻘﺪﺭﺓ ،ﰒ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ،
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺽ ﹶﻓﻴﻨ ﹸﻈﺮﻭﺍﺴﲑﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹺ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ( ﹶﺃ ﻭﹶﻟ ﻢ ﻳ ِ
ﺽ
ﻒ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻋﺎﻗﺒﺔﹸ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻣﻦ ﹶﻗﺒﻠ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻛﹶﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﹶﺃ ﺷ ﺪ ﻣﻨ ﻬ ﻢ ﻗﹸ ﻮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﹶﺃﺛﹶﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﺭ ﹶﻛﻴ
ﺕ ﹶﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ ﻭ ﻋ ﻤﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﹶﺜ ﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻋ ﻤﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﻭﺟﺎﺀﺗ ﻬ ﻢ ﺭ ﺳﹸﻠﻬﻢ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟﺒﻴﻨﺎ
ﺴﻬ ﻢ ﻳ ﹾﻈﻠﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾ ٢٠ﻓﺒﲔ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺬﺍﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻴ ﹾﻈﻠ ﻤﻬ ﻢ ﻭﹶﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﹶﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺃﹶﻧﻔﹸ
ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻷﻋﻤﺎﳍﻢ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻈﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ.
20ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ٩ _١ :٣٠
١٨ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﰲ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﻮﺍﻫﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺮﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﺧﺎﺏ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻫﻠﻚ
ﻟﻐﺮﻭﺭﻩ ﻛﻤﻦ ﻳﻈﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻠﻤﻊ ﻣﺎﺀﺍ --- --- ---- --- ---
ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ
) (٨ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﻈﺮﻧﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻭﺟﻬﻢ ﻭﻧﺰﻭﳍﻢ ،ﻭﺗﻔﺤﺼﻨﺎ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﳍﻢ
ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﺔ ،ﻭﻻ ﻧﻮﺟﻬﻚ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻋﺎﺩ ﻭﲦﻮﺩ
ﻭﻓﺮﻋﻮﻥ ﻭﺗﺒﻊ ﻭﻫﺎﺑﻴﻞ ﻭﻗﺎﺑﻴﻞ ،ﺑﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﺗﺸﻬﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺷﻬﺪﺕ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﱂ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺩﻳﲏ ،ﻓﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﺭ
ﲡﻠﺐ ﻭﺍﳋﺴﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳋﲑﺍﺕ ﲤﻨﺢ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﺕ ﻟﺬﻭﻳﻬﺎ .ﻭﺇﳕﺎ
ﺧﻔﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻟﺴﺒﺒﲔ:
ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﲪﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺯﺩﺭﺍﺅﻫﻢ ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ ،ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ
ﻏﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻬﻴﻢ .ﻣﺜﻼ ﻻ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻭﻻ ﺍﳍﻨﻮﺩ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﺄﻥ
ﻳﺬﻋﻨﻮﺍ ﻟﻔﻀﻴﻠﺔ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ،ﻭﻻ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻘﺮﻭﺍ ﲟﺰﻳﺔ
ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﺎ ،ﻭﻻ ﻗﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺱ ﺑﺸﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﺭﻡ
ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻕ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺣﲔ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺍﷲ ﻃﺎﻟﻮﺕ ﻣﻠﻜﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ:
ﺕ ﺳ ﻌ ﹰﺔﻚ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﹶﻟ ﻢ ﻳ ﺆ
ﺤﻦ ﹶﺃ ﺣ ﻖ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ﻤ ﹾﻠ ﻚ ﻋﹶﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻧ ﴿ﹶﺃﻧﻰ ﻳﻜﹸﻮ ﹸﻥ ﹶﻟﻪ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﹾﻠ
ﺻ ﹶﻄﻔﹶﺎ ﻩ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺎ ﹺﻝ )ﻓﺄﺟﺎﻢ ﻧﺒﻴﻬﻢ ﲟﺎ ﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺘﻪ( ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﺍ
ﺴ ﹺﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﹼ ﻪ ﻳ ﺆﺗﻲ ﻣ ﹾﻠ ﹶﻜﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﹼ ﻪ ﺠ ﺴ ﹶﻄ ﹰﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌ ﹾﻠ ﹺﻢ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﹺﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻭﺯﺍ ﺩﻩ ﺑ
١٩ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﺍ ﺳ ﻊ ﻋﻠﻴ ﻢ﴾ ٢١ﻓﺒﲔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﷲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻭﻳﺴﻠﺐ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﻓﻼ ﳝﻨﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ،ﻭ"ﻋﻠﻴﻢ" ﻓﻴﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳊﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺍﱐ :ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻻ ﺗﺄﰐ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺁﺟﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ .ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺘﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﺏ
ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﺃﺣﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﲑ- -- --- --- --- - .
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ:
) (١ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ ،ﻭﻟﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺎﻥ :ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﻤﻖ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ :ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﺇﻻ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﱐ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ
ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﳍﺎ.
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ :ﻓﻬﻮ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﱐ.
ﻓﺎﳌﺆﺭﺥ ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﻊ؛ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮ ﻟﻨﻴﺠﺔ
ﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻜﻼ ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻀﻰ ﻭﻏﺎﺏ ﻋﻨﻚ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺑﲏ ﻧﻮﻋﻚ .ﻭﻟﻠﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺪ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻧﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ
ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺔ.
) (٢ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻠﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻗﺴﻤﹰﺎ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﹰﺎ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﹰﺎ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ
ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﹰﺎ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴﺎﹰ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﲢﺖ ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻓﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﳉﻬﺔ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺒﺎﺋﻨﺔ ﻟﺴﺎﺋﺮ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻮ
ﻭﺒﻂ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻪ. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . .
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ٢٤٧ :٢ 21
٢٠ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ:
ﺍﻟﺬﻡ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﺡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ
ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﱂ ﻳﻌﺒﺄ ﲟﺎ ﺧﺎﻟﻂ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳑﻦ ﺃﺳﺎﺀ .ﻣﻦ
ﺃﻭﺭﺙ ﻗﻮﻣﺎ ﻗﻮﻯ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ .ﻓﺄﺳﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻠﻒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ؛ ﻓﻼ ﺫﻧﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒ ،ﲝﺴﺐ ﺷﺮﻑ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺗﺒﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﺎﺀﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒ
ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺌﲔ .ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻳﻄﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﺷﻘﻲ
ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻣﺜﻼ :ﺃﻭﺭﺙ ﻋﻤﺮ -ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ -ﺃﻣﺮﹰﺍ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻳﺔ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ ،ﻭﻋﺪ ﺍﲣﺎﺫ ﺟﻴﺶ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ .ﺑﻞ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ
ﻛﻠﻪ ﺟﻴﺸﹰﺎ .ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳋﻠﻒ ﺃﺳﺎﺀ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﺗﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺗﲔ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺣﺲ
ﻋﻤﺮ -ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ -ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻙ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﲪﻼ ﺑﺎﻫﻀﺎ .ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻘﺼﺮ
ﻋﻦ ﺃﺷﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ .ﻭﺗﱪﺀ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ" :ﻻ
ﻋﻠﻲ )ﳑﺎ ﻳﺮﺗﻜﺒﻮﻥ( ﻭﻻ ﻟﻴﺎ" )ﳑﺎ ﺃﺗﺮﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻑ ﳍﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ
ﻋﻠﻲ( - - - - - - -
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ:
ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ :ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﰲ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺣﺶ ،ﻭﺍﳊﺮﺹ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻍ ،ﰒ ﳝﺘﻌﻮﻥ
ﰒ ﻳﺆﺧﺬﻭﻥ ﺑﻐﺘﺔ.
ﻭﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ ﳚﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﺕ .. . . . . . . . . .
٢١ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻧﻔﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ
) (٩ﻓﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻮﻕ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻭﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﲢﺖ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺧﻔﻲ
ﻭﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺇﻻﻫﻴﺔ ،ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﺃﺻﻮﳍﺎ ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋﻬﺎ ،ﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺗﲔ:
) (١ﻟﻜﻲ ﻧﻌﻤﻞ ﲟﺎ ﳚﻠﺐ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻟﻨﺎ.
) (٢ﻭﻟﻜﻲ ﻧﺆﺳﺲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻶﳍﻴﺔ،
ﻓﻨﺴﻮﺱ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻹﳍﻲ ،ﻭﻳﺮﺗﻀﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ .ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺩﻭﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻻ ﻃﺎﺋﻞ ﲢﺖ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻀﺮﺗﺎﻥ:
-١ﺍﻹﻓﺘﺨﺎﺭ ﲟﺎ ﺧﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻑ ،ﻓﺮﲟﺎ ﻳﻮﻗﻌﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻠﺔ ﻭﻳﻘﻌﺪﻧﺎ ﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻲ.
-٢ﻭﺍﻻﺩﻛﺎﺭ ﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺗﺒﻌﺚ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﻆ ﻭﺍﳊﻨﻖ ﺑﺄﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﳍﻨﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﺒﻐﻀﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﳌﺎ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﻬﺮﻫﻢ ﺇﻳﺎﳘﺎ .ﻭﻟﻮ
ﻧﻈﺮﻭﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻌﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﲑﺓ ﺍﻧﺘﻔﻌﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻠﻂ ﻗﻮﻣﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺇﻻ ﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﻭﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺻﻼﺡ
ﺍﳌﻐﻠﻮﺏ ﳍﺎ .ﻓﺈﻥ ﺗﻔﺤﺼﻮﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺒﲔ ﻭﻋﻦ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ
ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺯ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳋﺴﺮﺍﻥ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﺑﲔ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ
ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺳﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺋﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﺇﻋﻄﺎﺋﻪ
ﻹﺧﻮﺍﻢ ﺍﻹﲰﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﲔ .ﻭﳓﻦ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﳍﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ
ﺃﺧﱪﻧﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﻧﺎ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ
ﻭﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮﻩ.
ﺃﻛﱪ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﻫﻲ ﺇﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺗﻠﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻮﺑﻴﺔ
٢٢ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
) (١٠ﻗﺪ ﺗﺒﻴﻨﺖ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ،ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﱂ ﳜﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﺇﻻ ﺭﲪﺔ ﻢ.
ﻭﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺭﻓﻌﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻤﺎﳍﻢ .ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ،ﻻ ﻗﺮﺑﺔ
ﺤﻦ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ﺮﺏ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﺣﺒ ﹺﻞ
ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ :ﻭﻧ
ﺍﹾﻟ ﻮﺭﹺﻳﺪ﴾ ٢٢ﺑﻞ ﻗﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ،ﻓﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻣﺮﻗﺎﺓ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ
ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺅﻫﺎ :ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺃﻓﺔ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻑ
ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﱂ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﳏﻞ
ﻷﻛﱪ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻢ ﻭﻟﺮﺃﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻭﺩ.
ﻭﻛﱪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻳﲔ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﻌﻮﺍ ﻋﺠﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ .ﻭﺳﻌﺔ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﻓﺴﺤﺔ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﻭﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ .ﺃﻥ ﳚﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ
ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺴﲑ ,ﻭﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ،ﻓﺄﻧﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ
ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﻭﻣﺸﻴﺌﺔ ﺣﻜﻴﻤﺔ ،ﻓﺄﻧﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺈﻟﻪ ﺣﻲ .ﻳﺎ
ﺣﺴﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ! ﺃﻭ ﱂ ﻳﺘﻔﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﰲ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻭﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﺔ
ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻹﺭﺩﺍﺓ؟
ﻓﺎﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻯ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻈﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﻒ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﳌﻨﲑ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﻴﻒ .ﻭﺇﻧﻜﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﺑﺸﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺃﻭﻗﻌﻬﻢ
ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ .ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻧﺎﻗﻀﻮﺍ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﻭﺃﺫﻋﻨﻮﺍ ﳌﺎ ﺃﻧﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ
ﺣﻴﺚ ﱂ ﻳﺸﻌﺮﻭﺍ .ﻓﺈﻢ ﺃﺟﻠﺴﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ
ﻓﺘﻔﻮﻫﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﺑﺄﺳﺮﻫﺎ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﻭﺗﻠﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ
22ﻕ ١٦ :٥٠
٢٣ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
) (١١ﳌﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺭﲪﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﺧﻠﻖ ﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ
ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺑﹰﺎ .ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﺳﻠﻤﹰﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺇﻛﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ .ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺨﻠﻒ ﺃﻣﺔ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﳍﻢ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ،ﻓﺎﺑﺘﻼﻫﻢ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻫﻮﺩ﴿ :ﹶﻓﺈﹺﻥ
ﺨﻠﻒ ﺭﺑﻲ ﹶﻗ ﻮﻣﺎ ﹶﻏﻴ ﺮ ﹸﻛ ﻢ ﺴﺘ
ﺖ ﹺﺑ ﻪ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻭﻳ
ﺗ ﻮﱠﻟ ﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ﺪ ﹶﺃﺑﹶﻠ ﻐﺘﻜﹸﻢ ﻣﺎ ﹸﺃ ﺭ ﺳ ﹾﻠ
ﻆ﴾ ٢٣ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻀﺮﻭﻧﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺭﺑﻲ ﻋﹶﻠ ﻰ ﹸﻛﻞﱢ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﺣﻔﻴ ﹲ ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺗ
ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮ .ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ﴿ :ﹶﺃﹶﻟ ﻢ ﺗ ﺮ ﹶﺃﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﺧﹶﻠ ﻖ
ﺨ ﹾﻠ ﹴﻖ ﺟﺪﻳ ﺪ﴾٢٤ ﺕ ﹺﺑ ﺸ ﹾﺄ ﻳ ﹾﺬ ﻫﺒ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻭﻳ ﹾﺄ
ﺽ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﹾﺤ ﻖ ﺇﹺﻥ ﻳ ﺕ ﻭﺍ َﻷ ﺭ ﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍ ﺍﻟ
ﺴﺘﺒ ﺪ ﹾﻝ ﹶﻗ ﻮﻣﺎ
ﻭﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﳏﻤﺪ ﴿ :ﻭﺇﹺﻥ ﺗﺘ ﻮﱠﻟﻮﺍ ﻳ
ﹶﻏﻴ ﺮ ﹸﻛ ﻢ﴾- - - - - - - - - - - - - ٢٥
ﺍﺻﻄﻔﺎﺀ ﺃﻣﺔ ﳊﻤﻞ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ
) (١٢ﻓﺎﺻﻄﻔﻰ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﻭﺫﺭﻳﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﺭﺿﹰﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺳﺔ ﳍﻢ ،ﻓﻨﻔﻲ
ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻠﺤﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺎﳌﲔ) ،ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ( ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺁﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ،ﻓﺨﺺ ﺃﺭﺿﺎ ﻭﻗﻮﻣﺎ ﳉﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺗﻪ ﻭﺩﻳﻨﻮﻳﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ،ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ
ﳍﻢ ﺁﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ .ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﲨﺎﻉ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ ،ﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻬﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ .ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﺣﺎﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﲟﺼﺎﳊﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺭﲪﻬﻢ .ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺄﺧﺬﻩ ،ﻫﻮ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺃﻣﻴﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻓﲑﺩﻩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ .ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ -ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ -ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺊ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻪ ﲬﺴﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ.
23ﻫﻮﺩ ٥٧ :١١
24ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ١٩ :١٤
25ﳏﻤﺪ ٣٨ :٤٧
٢٤ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻉ ﳌﺎ ﺃﻢ ﺃﻋﻄﻮﻩ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ،
ﻓﻼ ﻳﻌﺼﻰ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﻬﻢ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺧﻠﺼﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻹﲨﺎﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﲑﻫﻢ،
ﺭﺯﻗﻮﺍ ﺧﲑﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺧﲑﻫﻢ .ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺑﲑ ،ﻭﺃﺗﻘﺎﻫﻢ ﷲ ،ﻭﺃﻗﻮﺍﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ،ﻓﻜﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻌﻴﻨﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﺸﻮﺭﺓ
ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﺈﻧﻔﺎﺫ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ،ﻭﻫﺆﻵﺀ ﻫﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻭﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺄﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻓﺎﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻭﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳚﺮﻯ
ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻂ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﻢ ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﺑﺈﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ،ﻓﺈﻢ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﲟﺼﺎﳊﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ،
ﻓﻄﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ ﻷﻭﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ .ﻭﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ
ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺇﻻ ﲟﺎ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﱀ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ .ﻓﺄﺫﻋﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻃﻮﻋﺎ،
ﻭﻋﻈﻤﻮﻩ ﺣﺒﺎﹰ ،ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ،ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻮﻩ ﻭﻛﻴﻼ ﰲ ﺃﻛﱪ
ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ .ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺫﻭ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺻﻌﺐ
ﺟﺪﹰﺍ .ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻫﺪﻯ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ ،ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ،ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﻟﻨﺎ
ﺳﻨﺔ- - - - - - - - - - - - - .
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
-١ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻋﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻥ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺃﺻﻠﺢ ﻟﻪ .ﻓﺎﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﳜﺘﺺ
ﺑﻪ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ،ﻛﺎﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﶈﺘﺴﺐ ﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ.
-٢ﺑﻌﺜﺔ ﺧﺎﰎ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﲔ ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺖ ﺑﺈﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﻟﺒﻘﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ.
-٣ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻄﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻓﺒﻪ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺩﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ؛
٢٥ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺎﺩﻡ ،ﻓﺎﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﺷﺪ.
-٤ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻄﻴﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ؛ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺿﺮ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻭﻳﺔ ﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺷﺮﻭﺭﻩ.. ... ... ... .
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ:
ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻼﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺻﺮﺡ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻗﻮﻣﺎ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻋﺼﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻠﻒ
ﺖ ﹺﺑ ﻪ
ﻗﻮﻣﺎ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ،ﻓﻤﻨﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹶﻓﺈﹺﻥ ﺗ ﻮﱠﻟ ﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ﺪ ﹶﺃﺑﹶﻠ ﻐﺘﻜﹸﻢ ﻣﺎ ﹸﺃ ﺭ ﺳ ﹾﻠ
ﻀﺮﻭﻧﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺭﺑﻲ ﻋﹶﻠ ﻰ ﹸﻛﻞﱢ ﺨﻠﻒ ﺭﺑﻲ ﹶﻗ ﻮﻣﺎ ﹶﻏﻴ ﺮ ﹸﻛ ﻢ ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺗ
ﺴﺘ
ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻭﻳ
ﻆ﴾٢٦ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﺣﻔﻴ ﹲ
----------------------------
ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﻠﺐ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ
) (١٣ﰒ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﺴﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﺗﺒﻌﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺃﻫﻮﺍﻫﻢ ،ﻓﺴﺎﻋﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻫﻞ
ﺍﳉﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﻫﻢ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﻭﻗﻌﻮﺍ ﰲ ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺓ ﺃﻛﱪ ﳑﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ،
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺆﻵﺀ ﻭﻛﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ﲡﺘﻤﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﺩﻝ
ﻗﻮﻱ .ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺷﺮﺃﺑﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﻭﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺡ ،ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻫﻮ
ﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﻭﺃﻋﺪﻯ ﻋﺪﻭ ﺍﳌﻠﺔ .ﻓﲑﺟﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﺑﺎﻝ ﻓﺴﺎﺩﻫﻢ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ" :ﺇﳕﺎ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻜﻢ ﻋﻤﺎﻟﻜﻢ" ﻓﺄﺿﺎﻋﻮﺍ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ
ﻭﺳﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻨﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻂ ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺘﲔ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻫﻢ
26ﻫﻮﺩ ٥٧ :١١
٢٦ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ .ﻭﺟﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﺫﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﳌﻦ ﻳﻘﻬﺮﻫﻢ ﻓﺄﻭﻝ ﻣﺎ
ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻫﺆﻵﺀ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﺑﺮﺓ ﺃﻢ ﻳﺴﻠﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﻭﺃﻭﱄ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﻢ
ﺃﻣﲑﻫﻢ .ﻭﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﺗﺒﻄﻞ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻮﺎ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻮﺎ ﺃﺩﻭﻥ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ،ﻫﻲ ﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺑﻄﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ .ﰒ ﻫﻲ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ
ﳝﻜﻦ ﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺃﻣﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺻﺎﳊﺔ ﻟﻔﻘﺪ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻓﺈﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻮﻥ ﺃﺣﺪﹰﺍ،
ﻭﻳﻌﺠﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻣﺮﺉ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ،ﻓﻤﻦ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﳍﻢ ﻣﻠﻜﺎ ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻬﻢ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﺒﺎﺭﹰﺍ .ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﺎ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ
ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻓﻴﻄﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺬﺍ ﺃﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺻﺎﳊﺔ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺒﻌﺪ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﺻﻠﺢ ﻣﺎ
ﳝﻜﻨﻬﻢ .ﻭﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺒﻌﺚ ﰲ ﺃﻣﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺻﺎﳊﺔ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﳊﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﻴﹰﺎ،
ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺴﺘﺒﺪ ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻪ ،ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺃﺿﺎﻋﺖ ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ
ﻭﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﲔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﺩﳘﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ.
ﻭﳑﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻫﻮ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺃﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭ ،ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺪ ﻭﻳﻄﻢ
ﺣﱴ ﻳﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ .ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻬﻨﺎ ﻭﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻤﲑ ﻹﺻﻼﺣﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ
ﺍﳋﻤﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻌﺘﺰﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﺓ،
ﰒ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﺧﺮ- --- -- --- --- - .
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ:
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﻬﻢ
-١ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﳚﺘﱯ ﻗﻮﻣﺎ ﳊﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ،ﻭﻳﻌﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﳊﺴﲎ
٢٧ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ .ﻓﺈﻥ ﱂ ﻳﻮﻓﻮﺍ ﺑﺬﻣﺘﻬﻢ ،ﺧﺬﳍﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ
ﻭﺿﺮﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﳋﺰﻱ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺄﻢ ﺧﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﺅﻫﻢ ﻷﺟﻠﻪ .ﻭﻗﺪ
ﺻﺮﺡ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻓﻤﻨﻪ..... :
-٢ﻓﻤﺎ ﺩﺍﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻋﻴﺪ ،ﺳﻌﻮﹰﺍ ﻹﻳﻔﺎﺀ ﺫﻣﺘﻬﻢ،
ﻭﺃﻭﰱ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﻬﺪﻩ ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﻲ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺷﻌﺐ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﺣﱴ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﺸﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻨﻮﺍ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﺗﻜﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ،ﻓﻄﻐﻮﺍ ﺃﺣﺎﻃﺖ ﻢ
ﺧﻄﺎﻳﺎﻫﻢ ﻓﺴﻠﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻢ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻬﺘﻤﻮﺍ ﺇﻻ ﻧﺒﺬﻫﻢ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻭﺳﻌﻮﺍ
ﰲ ﲨﻌﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻇﻨﻮﺍ ﺃﻢ ﺇﳕﺎ ﺿﻌﻔﻮﺍ ﻟﻐﻔﻠﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﻢ
ﻣﺼﻠﺤﻮﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺰﺃﻭﺍ ﻢ ﻭﲰﻮﻫﻢ ﺣﻘﻤﺎﺀ .ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ
ﺃﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ .ﻓﻼ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺭﻗﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻪ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺍﻭﻟﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﺭﺍﺋﻊ .ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺭﻗﻲ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ
ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪﻩ .ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﻫﺆﻵﺀ ﱂ ﻳﻨﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ :ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻚ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺪ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ،ﺇﺫ ﻻ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡ
ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ .ﰒ ﻧﺸﺄ ﻓﻬﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻌﻞ ﳚﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﻨﺒﺬ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺯﻋﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ
ﻋﺜﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻲ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﺇﺻﺮ ﻭﺃﻏﻼﻝ ﻭﲣﻮﻳﻒ ﻭﺗﻌﺒﻴﺪ ،ﳓﻦ ﳓﺐ
ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ :ﺣﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺔ ،ﻓﻨﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺣﺴﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﺮﺑﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﳉﱭ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻫﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﻰ...
٢٨ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﻭﺣﺪﺗﻨﺎ
ﺣﺐ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﳌﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﳉﻨﺲ ﻭﺧﲑﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻹﻳﺜﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ،
ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺑﺒﻘﺎﺋﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﺑ ﹾﻞ
ﹶﺃ ﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﻋﻨ ﺪ ﺭﺑ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻳ ﺮ ﺯﻗﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾٢٧
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﺧﻄﺄ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ
-١ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﳛﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﺀ؛ ﰒ ﻳﻐﻠﻄﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺗﺼﻮﺭﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻘﺎﺅﻫﻢ،
ﳚﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﻟﻌﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺫﺍﺗﻴﹰﺎ ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻮﺎ ،ﻓﻴﺴﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻲ.
-٢ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ ،ﻭﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴﺎﺕ.
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ﺃﻭﺻﺎﻑ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻔﺔ
) (١٤ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ
ﺃﺑﺼﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﳊﻖ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻠﺢ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﺍﺮﺩ ،ﻻ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﳉﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺇﻻ
ﺑﺎﳊﻮﺍﺱ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺱ ﻻ ﻋﻠﻢ ﳍﺎ ﺑﻜﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺃﺻﻼﹰ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻫﻮ
ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ.
ﰒ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺗﻘﺎﻫﻢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ﺮ ﻣﻜﹸ ﻢ ﻋﻨ ﺪ
27ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ١٦٩ :٣
٢٩ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﹶﺃﺗﻘﹶﺎ ﹸﻛ ﻢ﴾ ٢٨ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﳊﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻧﻤﺎ
ﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ﻋﺒﺎ ﺩ ﻩ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﹶﻠﻤﺎﺀ﴾ ٢٩ﻓﻼ ﻳﺮﻯ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ
ﻳ
ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ،ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺣﻘﺮﻫﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ .ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻫﻢ ﻋﺰﻣﺎ ﳌﺎ ﻳﺘﻮﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﺬﺑﺬﺏ ﻟﺒﺼﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﳊﻖ ﻭﲪﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ .ﻓﻬﻮ ﺃﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻦ ﻃﻠﺐ
ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺳﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﺍﺿﻌﻪ ﻭﺧﻮﻓﻪ .ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﻮﺽ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ،ﻳﻔﺮﻍ ﺟﻬﺪﻩ
ﻷﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻂ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺸﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﳊﺴﻦ ﻇﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺱ .ﻭﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻱ ﻋﻠﻢ
ﻋﻠﻴﻢ .ﻭﻟﻼﻧﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺑﺂﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﻝ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﻀﺢ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺮﻓﻪ
ﻋﻨﻪ ﺻﺎﺭﻑ .ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﺳﺎﺀ ﻳﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﺍﻫﻢ ،ﻓﻴﻌﺠﺒﻬﻢ
ﺁﺭﺍﺅﻫﻢ ﻭﻳﻈﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻓﻴﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺳﺔ .ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻻ
ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻺﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ .ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﺭﺃﻳﻨﺎ ﺧﲑﻫﻢ ﺃﻓﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ------- .
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ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺽ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺽ :ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻭﻣﺎ ﳚﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳋﲑ ﰲ
ﻏﲑ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ ﺇﺿﺎﻋﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺇﺿﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺎ ﳚﺐ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ.
ﻭﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ :ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﲟﺼﺎﱀ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ ،ﻓﻴﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﻳﻐﺘﻨﻢ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ .ﻓﺎﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﴰﲑ ﳎﺪ .ﻏﲑ ﻣﺒﺎﻝ ،ﺑﺄﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﳐﺎﻃﺮ ،ﻭﻫﻮ
ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺣﻘﹰﺎ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻈﺮﹰﺍ ﻭﻋﻤﻼ-- -- -- -- -- .
28ﺍﳊﺠﺮﺍﺕ ١٣ :٤٩
29ﻓﺎﻃﺮ ٢٨ :٣٥
٣٠ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻫﺪﺓ
) (١٥ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻴﺄﺓ ﻭﺣﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ،ﺣﱴ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﳍﻢ
ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﲡﺘﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﺍﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﻢ ﻭﺗﺘﺠﻪ ﺇﺭﺩﻢ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺼﺎﱀ
ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻼ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻡ ﻭﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﺼﺎﳊﻬﻢ،
ﻭﺗﺸﺪ ﻗﻮﺍﻫﻢ ،ﻭﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻬﻢ ،ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻮ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻬﻢ ،ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻮ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺗﺘﺴﺢ ﺑﺮﻛﺘﻬﻢ .ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﻢ ﺭﲪﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻖ ﻭﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ،
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺧﲑﹰﺍ ﻭﺃﰎ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﳍﻢ .ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳚﺘﻬﺪﻭﺍ ﳍﺎ ﻛﻞ
ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻲ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻋﻴﻮﻢ ،ﻭﻗﺒﻠﺔ ﳘﺘﻬﻢ .ﻭﻭﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ
ﻳﻌﻄﻮﻫﺎ ﳍﺎ ﺃﻛﺮﻡ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻔﺔ.
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ،ﱂ ﺗﺮﺽ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻛﺮﳝﺔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻱ
ﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﺑﺜﻤﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ ،ﻓﻔﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻋﺎﻫﺪﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ
ﻷﻓﻀﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺭﲪﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ .ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ
ﻭﺷﺮﺍﺋﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﳚﺮﻭﺎ .ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻋﺎﻫﺪﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻜﺄﻢ ﺃﻋﻄﻮﺍ ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻗﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﹰﺎ .ﻓﺈﻢ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺃﻋﻄﻮﺍ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﱂ ﻳﻀﻴﻌﻮﻫﺎ
ﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﻈﻮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ ﻛﻤﻦ ﻳﺒﲏ ﻗﺼﺮﺍ ﻣﺸﻴﺪﹰﺍ ﳋﺰﺍﺋﻨﻪ ،ﻓﻴﻨﻔﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ
ﻟﻴﺤﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ .ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺇﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﺩﻻﹰ ،ﺣﻔﻈﺖ
ﻧﻔﻮﺳﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻄﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﺑﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻻ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺎﻫﺪﺓ.
ﰒ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻫﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻕ- -- -- -- -- .
٣١ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺈﺯﺍﺀ ﺷﻲﺀ.
ﻓﻨﻌﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻟﺰﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ.
ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﻋﺪﹰﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻀﻴﺾ ﺇﱃ ﺃﲰﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺗﺐ ،ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ
ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻓﻮﻗﻬﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﻟﻠﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ-- -- - -- -- .
-----------------------
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ
) (١ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻠﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ
ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻘﺔ ،ﺣﱴ ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺂﺩﻡ ﻭﺑﻨﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻋﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺈﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ
ﻭﻣﻮﺳﻰ ،ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﻢ .ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﱂ ﳚﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﻠﻜﺎ ﺣﱴ
ﺇﻢ ﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍ) :ﺇﻗﺮﺃ (٢٤٦ :٢ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﻗﹶﺎﻟﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﻟﻨﹺﺒ ﻲ ﱠﻟ ﻬ ﻢ ﺍﺑ ﻌ ﹾ
ﺚ ﹶﻟﻨﺎ
ﻣﻠﻜﹰﺎ ﻧﻘﹶﺎﺗ ﹾﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﹺﻴ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ﴾٣٠
ﰒ ﺗﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺂﺀ ﻟﺰﻡ ﻟﻠﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﰒ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﻟﻠﻨﱯ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﺮ
ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﺖ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ.
) (٢ﰒ ﳌﺎ ﺇﻢ ﻳﺼﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﰐ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻌﺔ ،ﺟﻌﻞ ﳍﻢ ﺃﻭﱄ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺑﲑ ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺰﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ،
30ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ٢٤٦ :٢
٣٢ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺣﱴ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﹶﺃ ﻭ ﹸﻛﱠﻠﻤﺎ ﻋﺎ ﻫﺪﻭﹾﺍ ﻋﻬﺪﹰﺍ
ﻧﺒ ﹶﺬﻩ ﹶﻓﺮﹺﻳ ﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺑ ﹾﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﹶﺜﺮﻫ ﻢ ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﺆ ﻣﻨﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾ ٣١ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ
ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻫﻢ ﻳﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻓﻴﻠﺰﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲨﻴﻌﻬﻢ ﺳﺪﹰﺍ ﻟﺒﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﻐﺪﺭ .ﻓﻠﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎﹰ ،ﱂ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﻌﻮﺍ.
ﻓﺒﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻗﻮﻣﻲ؛ ﻭﺃﺫﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﺪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ؛
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ.
) (٣ﻭﻫﻮ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻗﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ
ﻣﻦ ﳚﻤﻊ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﻜﺜﺖ ﻗﻮﺍﻫﻢ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻓﻮﺿﻰ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻭﺟﺐ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ
ﺃﻥ ﻧﺒﺘﻊ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻨﺎ ،ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺡ .ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻗﺒﻞ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻗﺪ ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻫﻢ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﱃ ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ ،ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺰﺩﻩ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻑ ﹶﺃﺫﹶﺍﻋﻮﹾﺍ ﺨ ﻮ ﺇﻻ ﺷﺪﺓ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﴿ :ﻭﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻫ ﻢ ﹶﺃ ﻣ ﺮ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍ َﻷ ﻣ ﹺﻦ ﹶﺃ ﹺﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ
ﺴﺘﻨﹺﺒﻄﹸﻮﻧ ﻪ
ﹺﺑ ﻪ ﻭﹶﻟ ﻮ ﺭﺩﻭ ﻩ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟ ﺮﺳﻮ ﹺﻝ ﻭﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﹸﺃ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ﻣ ﹺﺮ ﻣﻨ ﻬ ﻢ ﹶﻟ ﻌﻠ ﻤﻪ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻳ
ﻣﻨ ﻬ ﻢ﴾ ٣٢ﻓﺄﻛﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺪﺭﻭﺍ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻋﻘﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ
ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ ،ﻭﺇﻢ ﻛﺜﲑ ،ﻭﺇﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ،ﻓﻌﻠﻨﻤﺎ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﻦ
ﺻﻔﺎﻢ .ﻓﺄﺯﺍﻝ ﺍﳉﱪﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻐﲑﺓ ،ﻓﻬﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﺧﺮﻳﻦ :
ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﻭﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺳﻴﺄﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﺎﻤﺎ.
)) ----------------- (٤ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺻﻞ(
31ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ١٠٠ :٢
32ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ٨٣ :٤
٣٣ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ:
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﻗﺴﻤﺎﻥ:
-١ﺣﺮﺓ.
-٢ﻭﻣﺒﻌﺪﺓ .ﻭﻛﻠﺘﺎﳘﺎ ﺗﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻭﺗﻨﺤﻂ ﺑﺄﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ
ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﻢ .ﻭﻧﺒﲔ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻭﺯﻭﺍﳍﺎ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳊﺮﺓ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ ،ﰒ ﻛﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺓ
ﻏﲑ ﻣﻮﺭﻭﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻻﺑﻦ ،ﰒ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﳊﺸﻢ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﺪ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﳊﻔﻆ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥ ،ﰒ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻊ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻠﻴﺔ
ﲨﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ،ﰒ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻏﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﲤﻮﻟﻪ ،ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺄﺣﺪ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻬﺎﺏ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ
ﻣﻨﺼﺒﻪ ،ﰒ ﲪﺎﻳﺔ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺬﻟﻠﻮﺍ ،ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﻋﻤﺮ -ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ -ﻻ ﳛﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻋﻘﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﻬﻴﻨﺎ .ﰒ ﺇﻛﺮﺍﻡ
ﺍﻟﻐﲑﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻔﺔ ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ.
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﺒﻌﺪﺓ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻟﺒﻘﺎﺋﻬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﳏﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻠﻤﻠﻚ ﻭﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩ ،ﺣﱴ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ
ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ .ﻛﺪﺃﺏ ﻓﺮﻋﻮﻥ ﻭﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﳌﻐﻞ .ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻖ ﰲ
ﺍﻹﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻊ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺨﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﻑ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻬﲔ ﰒ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﰲ ﻗﻄﻊ
ﺣﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ .ﻭﺇﻓﻨﺎﺀ
ﻛﻞ ﻋﺰﺓ ﻭﻓﺨﺮ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ .ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻯ ﺷﻮﻛﺘﻪ
ﺑﺎﳉﻨﺪ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ.
ﻓﺎﺫﺍ ﰎ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﻌﺪﺓ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻛﺎﻻﻋﻈﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﺍﺭﺡ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﺲ،
ﺗﺼﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺷﺎﺀﺕ ---------------
٣٤ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ :ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ
ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻏﺮﺽ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻦ ،ﰒ ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻱ ﺣﻖ
ﺕ
ﺣﻘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﱪﺯ ﻣﻨﻪ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﺰ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻞ ﴿ :ﺧﹶﻠ ﻖ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﻮ
ﺴﻦ ﻋ ﻤﻠﹰﺎ] .ﻭﺍﶈﺬﻭﻑ" :ﻭﺃﻳﻜﻢ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ" ﺤﻴﺎ ﹶﺓ ﻟﻴﺒﻠﹸ ﻮﻛﹸ ﻢ ﹶﺃﻳ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﹶﺃ ﺣ
ﻭﺍﹾﻟ
ﻓﻮﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ [:ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺰﹺﻳ ﺰ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻐﻔﹸﻮ ﺭ﴾٣٣
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻭﺗﻨﻜﺸﻒ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﻜﻢ ﲨﺔ ﰲ
ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺑﲔ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ،ﻭﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻵﳍﻴﺔ
ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻛﻨﻬﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺷﺮﺕ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ .ﻭﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﲨﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﺒﻴﺂﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﺇﲨﺎﻻ
ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﻳﻄﻮﻝ ﻭﳏﻠﻪ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ.
) (١ﺃﻣﺎ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﹺﻲ ﺁ ﺩ ﻡ ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﹾﻔﺘﻨﻨﻜﹸﻢ
ﺠﻨ ﺔ﴾) ٣٤ﺃﻱ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﱳ ﺃﺑﻮﻳﻜﻢ ﺝ ﹶﺃﺑ ﻮﻳﻜﹸﻢ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ﺸﻴﻄﹶﺎ ﹸﻥ ﹶﻛﻤﺎ ﹶﺃ ﺧ ﺮ ﺍﻟ
ﻹﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ(
) (٢ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻧﻮﺡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻓﺤﲔ ﺍﺑﺘﻼﻩ ﰲ ﺇﻫﻼﻙ ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ،ﻓﺴﺄﻝ ﻧﻮﺡ ﻣﺎ
ﺲ
ﺡ ﹺﺇﻧ ﻪ ﹶﻟﻴ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ،ﻓﺰﺟﺮﻩ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ﴿ :ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮ
ﻚ ﹺﺑ ﻪ ﻋ ﹾﻠ ﻢ ﹺﺇﻧﻲﺲ ﹶﻟ ﺴﹶﺄﹾﻟ ﹺﻦ ﻣﺎ ﹶﻟﻴ
ﻼ ﺗ ﻚ ﹺﺇﻧ ﻪ ﻋ ﻤ ﹲﻞ ﹶﻏﻴﺮ ﺻﺎﻟ ﹴﺢ ﹶﻓ ﹶ ﻣ ﻦ ﹶﺃ ﻫﻠ
ﲔ﴾ ﻓﺘﺎﺏ ﻧﻮﺡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻛﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻚ ﺃﹶﻥ ﺗﻜﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﺎ ﻫﻠ ﹶﺃ ﻋﻈﹸ
33ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ٢ :٦٧
34ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ ٢٧ :٧
٣٥ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ.
) (٣ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻓﺎﺑﺘﻼﻩ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺧﻠﺺ ﻧﻘﻴﺎﹰ ،ﻓﺘﺨﺬ ﺍﷲ
ﺧﻠﻴﻼ ،ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻼﻩ ﺑﺎﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺑﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺫﺑﺢ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ ،ﻭﺑﺈﻫﻼﻙ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻟﻮﻁ،
ﻭﺑﻜﻔﺮ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ،ﻓﺜﺒﺖ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻣﺪﺣﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ)﴿ :ﻭﺫﺍ ﺍﺑﺘﻠﻰ
ﲔ ﻭﻧﺎ ﺩﻳﻨﺎ ﻩ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻳﺎﺠﹺﺒ ﹺ
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﰱ﴾ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﹶﻓﹶﻠﻤﺎ ﹶﺃ ﺳﹶﻠﻤﺎ ﻭﺗﻠﱠﻪ ﻟ ﹾﻠ
ﻁ .ﹺﺇﻥﱠﺖ ﺍﻟ ﺮ ﺅﻳﺎ﴾ ٣٥ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﴿ :ﻳﺠﺎ ﺩﹸﻟﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﹶﻗ ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﻟﹸﻮ ﺻ ﺪ ﹾﻗ
ﹺﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﹶﻗ ﺪ
ﺐ﴾ ٣٦ﻭﺑﺌﺴﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺇﻥ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻛﺬﺏ ﺤﻠﻴ ﻢ ﹶﺃﻭﺍ ﻩ ﻣﻨﹺﻴ
ﹺﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴ ﻢ ﹶﻟ
ﻭﺃﺷﺮﻙ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻧﻔﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﴿ :ﻭﹶﻟ ﻢ ﻳﻚ ﻣ ﻦ
ﲔ﴾ ٣٧ﻭﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻗﺼﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺸ ﹺﺮ ﻛ
ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ
ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﺭﺑﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ﴿ :ﻭﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻃ ﻤﻊ ﺃﹶﻥ
ﻳ ﻐ ﻔ ﺮ ﻟﻲ ﺧﻄﻴﹶﺌﺘﻲ ﻳ ﻮ ﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳ ﹺﻦ﴾٣٨
) (٤ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﺑﺘﻼﺀ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ ،ﻭﻳﻮﺳﻒ ،ﻭﺃﻳﻮﺏ ﻭﻳﻮﻧﺲ -ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ-
ﻓﻼ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ.
ﺖ ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴﺎ
) (٥ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻓﺎﺑﺘﻼﺅﻩ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ ﻭﹶﻗﺘ ﹾﻠ
ﺠﻴﻨﺎ ﻙ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻐ ﻢ ﻭﹶﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﻙ ﹸﻓﺘﻮﻧﺎ﴾ ٣٩ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺗﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻴﺌﺎﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ: ﹶﻓﻨ
ﺸﻴﻄﹶﺎ ﻥ ﹺﺇﻧ ﻪ ﻋ ﺪﻭ ﴿ ﹶﻓ ﻮ ﹶﻛ ﺰﻩ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﻀﻰ ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﻪ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻫﺬﹶﺍ ﻣ ﻦ ﻋ ﻤ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻟ
35ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻓﺎﺕ ١٠٥-١٠٣ :٣٧
36ﻫﻮﺩ ٧٥ -٧٤ :١١
37ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ١٢٠ :١٦
38ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ٨٢ :٢٦
39ﻃﻪ ٤٠ :٢٠
٣٦ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺏ ﹺﺇﻧﻲ ﹶﻇﹶﻠ ﻤﺖ ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴِﻲ ﻓﹶﺎ ﹾﻏ ﻔ ﺮ ﻟﻲ ﹶﻓ ﻐ ﹶﻔ ﺮ ﹶﻟﻪ ﹺﺇﻧ ﻪ ﻫ ﻮ ﲔ .ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﺭ ﻀ ﱞﻞ ﻣﹺﺒ ﻣ
ﺍﹾﻟ ﻐﻔﹸﻮ ﺭ ﺍﻟ ﺮﺣﻴ ﻢ﴾٤٠
-------------------
) (٦ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﺅﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻓﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ :ﻭ ﹶﻇ ﻦ
ﻚ﴾٤١ ﺏ .ﹶﻓ ﻐ ﹶﻔ ﺮﻧﺎ ﹶﻟﻪ ﹶﺫﻟ
ﺩﺍﻭﻭ ﺩ ﹶﺃﻧﻤﺎ ﹶﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﻩ ﻓﹶﺎ ﺳﺘ ﻐ ﹶﻔ ﺮ ﺭﺑ ﻪ ﻭ ﺧ ﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻌﺎ ﻭﹶﺃﻧﺎ
) (٧ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ،ﻓﺠﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﴿ :ﻭﹶﻟ ﹶﻘ ﺪ ﹶﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﺳﹶﻠﻴﻤﺎ ﹶﻥ
ﺐ ﻟﻲ ﻣ ﹾﻠﻜﹰﺎ ﺏ ﺍ ﹾﻏ ﻔ ﺮ ﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻫ ﺏ .ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﺭ ﺴﺪﺍ ﹸﺛﻢ ﹶﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﹶﺃﹾﻟ ﹶﻘﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻛﹸ ﺮ ﺳﻴ ﻪ ﺟ
ﻟﱠﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﹶﺄ ﺣ ﺪ ﻣ ﻦ ﺑ ﻌﺪﻱ﴾٤٢
-----
ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻨﺘﻪ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺒﺪﻝ
) (١٦ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ:
ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﳋﻠﻖ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ،ﻓﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻢ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻦ
ﺳﻨﺘﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺻﺮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ﴿ :ﹸﻗ ﹾﻞ ﻳﺎ ﹶﻗ ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﺍ ﻋ ﻤﻠﹸﻮﹾﺍ
ﻑ ﺗ ﻌﹶﻠﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻜﹸﻮ ﹸﻥ ﹶﻟﻪ ﻋﺎﻗﺒﺔﹸ ﺍﻟ ﺪﺍ ﹺﺭ ﹺﺇﻧ ﻪ ﺴ ﻮ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻣﻜﹶﺎﻧﺘﻜﹸ ﻢ ﹺﺇﻧﻲ ﻋﺎ ﻣ ﹲﻞ ﹶﻓ
ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﹾﻔﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻈﱠﺎﻟﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾ ٤٣ﺃﻱ ﻋﺎﻗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻭﺭﺍﺛﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻘﲔ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺎﳌﻮﻥ ﻳﺒﻴﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﷲ .ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻮﺭ .ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻌﺪﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ،
ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻪ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ
40ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ١٦ -١٥ :٢٨
41ﺹ ٢٥ -٢٤ :٢٨
42ﺹ٣٥ -٣٤ :٣٨
43ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ١٣٥ :٦
٣٧ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺠ ﺪ ﻟﺴﻨ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﹰﻠﺎ﴾ ٤٤ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﴿ :ﻭﻟﹶﻦ ﺗ ﹺ
ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺘﻪ --- ---- ---- ---
ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ) :ﺳﻨﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ(
ﺠ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﺴﺒﻮﺍ ﹶﻟ ﻌ ﻚ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻐﻔﹸﻮ ﺭ ﺫﹸﻭ ﺍﻟ ﺮ ﺣ ﻤ ﺔ ﹶﻟ ﻮ ﻳﺆﺍ ﺧ ﹸﺬﻫﻢ ﹺﺑﻤﺎ ﹶﻛ ) ﴿ (١ﻭ ﺭﺑ
ﻚ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹸﻘﺮﻯ ﺠﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﹺﻧ ﻪ ﻣ ﻮﺋﻠﹰﺎ .ﻭﺗ ﹾﻠ ﺏ ﺑﻞ ﱠﻟﻬﻢ ﻣ ﻮ ﻋ ﺪ ﻟﱠﻦ ﻳ ﹺ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺬﹶﺍ
ﹶﺃ ﻫﹶﻠ ﹾﻜﻨﺎ ﻫ ﻢ ﹶﻟﻤﺎ ﹶﻇﹶﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﻭ ﺟ ﻌ ﹾﻠﻨﺎ ﻟ ﻤ ﻬﻠ ﻜﻬﹺﻢ ﻣ ﻮ ﻋﺪﺍ﴾٤٥
ﺏ ﹸﻛﻞﱢ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﺣﺘﻰ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺤﻨﺎ ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﹶﺃﺑﻮﺍ
) ﴿(٢ﹶﻓﹶﻠﻤﺎ ﻧﺴﻮﹾﺍ ﻣﺎ ﹸﺫ ﱢﻛﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺑ ﻪ ﹶﻓﺘ
ﹶﻓ ﹺﺮﺣﻮﹾﺍ ﹺﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﹸﻭﺗﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﺃ ﺧ ﹾﺬﻧﺎﻫﻢ ﺑ ﻐﺘ ﹰﺔ ﹶﻓﹺﺈﺫﹶﺍ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺒﻠﺴﻮﻥ .ﹶﻓﻘﹸ ﻄ ﻊ ﺩﺍﹺﺑﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ﻮ ﹺﻡ
ﲔ﴾٤٦ ﺏ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﺎﹶﻟ ﻤ ﺤ ﻤ ﺪ ﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﺭ
ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﹶﻇﹶﻠﻤﻮﹾﺍ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ
ﺐ ﺭﺑ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻼ ﻡ ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﹶﻛﺘ ) ﴿ (٣ﻭﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻙ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻳ ﺆ ﻣﻨﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺑﹺﺂﻳﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﹶﻓ ﹸﻘ ﹾﻞ ﺳ ﹶ
ﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ ﻩ ﺠﻬﺎﹶﻟ ﺔ ﹸﺛﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺴ ﻪ ﺍﻟ ﺮ ﺣ ﻤ ﹶﺔ ﹶﺃﻧ ﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋ ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﻣﻨ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﺳﻮﺀًﺍ ﹺﺑ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ
ﺻﹶﻠ ﺢ ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻧﻪ ﹶﻏﻔﹸﻮ ﺭ ﺭﺣﻴ ﻢ﴾٤٧ ﻭﹶﺃ
ﺤﻴﺎ ﹶﺓ ﺍﻟ ﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺯﹺﻳﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﻧ ﻮﻑ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﹶﺃ ﻋﻤﺎﹶﻟ ﻬ ﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ) ﴿ (٤ﻣﻦ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻳﺮﹺﻳ ﺪ ﺍﹾﻟ
]ﺃﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ[ ﻭ ﻫ ﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ]ﺃﻱ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﳍﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ[ ﹶﻻ
ﺨﺴﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾ ﻳﺒ
ﺤﻴﺎ ﹶﺓ ﻟﻴﺒﻠﹸ ﻮﻛﹸ ﻢ
ﺕ ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ) (٥ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻼﺀ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ .ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ :ﺧﹶﻠ ﻖ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﻮ
44ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ ٦٢ :٣٣
45ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻒ ٥٩ -٥٨ :١٨
46ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ٤٥ -٤٤ :٦
47ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ٥٤ :٦
٣٨ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺴﻦ ﻋ ﻤﻠﹰﺎ ﻭﻫ ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺰﹺﻳ ﺰ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻐﻔﹸﻮﺭ﴾ ٤٨ﻭﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﻟﱢﻴﺒﻠﹸ ﻮﻛﹸ ﻢ ﻓﻲ ﹶﺃﻳ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﹶﺃ ﺣ
ﻣﺂ ﺁﺗﺎﻛﹸﻢ﴾٤٩
ﺱ ﺃﹶﻥ ﻳﺘ ﺮﻛﹸﻮﺍ ﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ﺴ
) (٦ﺍﺑﺘﻼﺀ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹶﺃ ﺣ ِ
ﺃﹶﻥ ﻳﻘﹸﻮﻟﹸﻮﺍ ﺁ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻭ ﻫ ﻢ ﻟﹶﺎ ﻳ ﹾﻔﺘﻨﻮ ﹶﻥ .ﻭﹶﻟ ﹶﻘ ﺪ ﹶﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻣﻦ ﹶﻗﺒﻠ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﹶﻓﹶﻠﻴ ﻌﹶﻠ ﻤ ﻦ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ
ﲔ﴾--- -- --- -- -- -- ٥٠ ﺻ ﺪﻗﹸﻮﺍ ﻭﹶﻟﻴ ﻌﹶﻠ ﻤ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻜﹶﺎ ﺫﹺﺑ
ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ
-- --
ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﳋﱪﻳﺔ ﻟﺴﻨﻨﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ
ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ:
) (١٧ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻃﺮﻕ:
)ﺃﻟﻒ( ﺑﻠﺰﻭﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﺼﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ.
)ﺏ( ﲟﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺃﺧﱪ ﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﻭﺑﻠﻐﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺍﺗﺮ ﻭﻧﺮﺍﻫﺎ
ﺍﻵﻥ.
)ﺝ( ﲟﺎ ﻭﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ.
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﲡﺘﻤﻊ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ،ﻓﻨﻮﻗﻦ ﺑﻜﻮﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﷲ-- -
ﻓﻤﻦ )ﺝ( ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ :ﻭﹶﻟ ﻮ ﹶﺃﻧ ﻬ ﻢ ﹶﺃﻗﹶﺎﻣﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﺘ ﻮﺭﺍ ﹶﺓ ﻭﺍ ِﻹﳒﻴ ﹶﻞ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﹸﻧ ﹺﺰ ﹶﻝ
ﺖ ﹶﺃ ﺭ ﺟﻠﻬﹺﻢ﴾- -- --٥١ ﺤ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻴﻬﹺﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻷ ﹶﻛﻠﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﻣﻦ ﹶﻓ ﻮﻗ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗ
- -- -
48ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ٢ :٦٧
49ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ٤٨ :٥
50ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ٣ -٢ :٢٩
51ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ٦٦ :٥
٣٩ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﲨﺎﻻ
) (١٨ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺃﺻﻮﻻ ﳉﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ.
ﻣﺜﻼ:
-١ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺅﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﺇﳍﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮ.
-٢ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺅﻩ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳋﻼﻓﺔ.
-٣ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﻛﺈﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ.
-٤ﺃﺧﺬﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﳊﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺂﺕ ،ﻟﲑﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ.
-٥ﻧﺼﺮﻩ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻭﺇﺑﻄﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ.
-٦ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻟﻠﺨﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺄﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺔ.
-٧ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻗﺎ.
-٨ﺑﻌﺪ ﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﻣﻬﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮﺓ ،ﰒ ﺇﻫﻼﻛﻬﻢ ،ﰒ ﲢﻮﻳﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺸﻴﺌﺔ
ﻫﻮ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﺎ.
ﻍ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ -٩ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺑﺄﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹶﻓﹶﻠﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﻏﹸﻮﺍ ﹶﺃﺯﺍ ﹶ
ﹸﻗﻠﹸﻮﺑ ﻬ ﻢ﴾ ٥٢ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ﴿:ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﹶﻛ ﹶﻔﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﺳﻮﺍ ٌﺀ ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﹶﺃﺃﹶﻧ ﹶﺬ ﺭﺗ ﻬ ﻢ ﹶﺃ ﻡ ﹶﻟ ﻢ
ﺗﻨ ﺬ ﺭ ﻫ ﻢ ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﺆ ﻣﻨﻮ ﹶﻥ .ﺧﺘ ﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﹼ ﻪ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹸﻗﻠﹸﻮﺑﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻭ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺳ ﻤ ﻌ ﹺﻬ ﻢ ﻭ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ
ﺏ ﻋﻈﻴ ﻢ﴾ ٥٣ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﻐﻄﻴﺔ ،ﻭﳌﺎ ﹶﺃﺑﺼﺎ ﹺﺭ ﻫ ﻢ ﻏﺸﺎ ﻭ ﹲﺓ ﻭﹶﻟﻬ ﻢ ﻋﺬﹶﺍ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻛﻔﺮ ﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻐﺎﻓﻞ
ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻣﻰ ﻭﺗﺼﺎﻣﻢ ،ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ .ﰒ ﻫﻮ ﻗﺪ ﻫﺪﻡ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ
52ﺍﻟﺼﻒ ٥ :٦١
53ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ٧ -٦ :٢
٤٠ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻀﻬﹺﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ ،ﻓﻴﻌﺬﺏ ﻋﺬﺍﺑﺎ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹶﻓﹺﺒﻤﺎ ﻧ ﹾﻘ
ﺿ ﻌ ﻪ
ﺤ ﺮﻓﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜﻠ ﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺍ
ﻣﻴﺜﹶﺎﹶﻗ ﻬ ﻢ ﻟﹶﻌﻨﺎ ﻫ ﻢ ﻭ ﺟ ﻌ ﹾﻠﻨﺎ ﹸﻗﻠﹸﻮﺑ ﻬ ﻢ ﻗﹶﺎ ﺳﻴ ﹰﺔ ﻳ
ﻭﻧﺴﻮﹾﺍ ﺣﻈﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﹸﺫﻛﱢ ﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺑ ﻪ﴾ ٥٤ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ :ﺃﺟﻞ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﺎﻥ
ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﺎ ﳛﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﳛﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ،ﰒ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ
ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺣﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺏ
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﳐﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ .ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻌﻨﺔ:
ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺩ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻧﻘﺾ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻨﺔ.
ﻭﲨﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﲟﺎ ﳚﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ،
ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺻﺎﺩﻗﺔ ،ﺃﻋﺎﺫﻧﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ...... .
ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ
ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ:
ﺤﻴﺎ ﺓ ﺍﻟ ﺪﻧﻴﺎ﴾٥٥ ﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻚ ﻣﻨ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﹺﺇﻻﱠ ﺧ ﺰ )﴿ (١ﹶﻓﻤﺎ ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻳ ﹾﻔ ﻌﻞﹸ ﹶﺫﻟ
ﻚ ﹺﺑﹶﺄﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻟ ﻢ ﻳﻚ ﻣ ﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻧ ﻌ ﻤ ﹰﺔ ﹶﺃﻧ ﻌ ﻤﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹶﻗ ﻮ ﹴﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳ ﻐﻴﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﻣﺎ
) ﴿ (٢ﹶﺫﻟ
ﺴ ﹺﻬ ﻢ﴾ ٥٦ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻻ ﻳ ﻐﻴ ﺮ ﻣﺎ ﹺﺑ ﹶﻘ ﻮ ﹴﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳ ﻐﻴﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺑﺄﹶﻧﻔﹸ ِ
ﺴ ﹺﻬ ﻢ﴾ ٥٧ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻋﻢ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﲝﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ. ﻣﺎ ﹺﺑﹶﺄﻧﻔﹸ ِ
ﺲ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﻣ ﺮ ﻳ ﻮ ﻣﺌ ﺬ ﻟﻠﱠﻪ﴾٥٨ ﺲ ﱢﻟﻨ ﹾﻔ ﹴ
)﴿ (٣ﻳ ﻮ ﻡ ﻟﹶﺎ ﺗ ﻤﻠﻚ ﻧ ﹾﻔ
54ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ١٣ :٥
55ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ٨٥ :٢
56ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ ٥٣ :٨
57ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ ١١ :١٣
58ﺍﻹﻧﻔﻄﺎﺭ ١٩ :٨٢
٤١ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﲔ .ﻳ ﻌﹶﻠﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺗ ﹾﻔ ﻌﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾٥٩ ﲔ .ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﹶﺎﺗﹺﺒ ) ﴿ (٤ﻭﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﹶﻟﺤﺎﻓ ﻈ
ﲔ﴾- -- -- -- -- -- ٦٠ ) ﴿ (٥ﻭﹸﺃ ﻣﻠﻲ ﹶﻟ ﻬ ﻢ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﹶﻛﻴﺪﻱ ﻣﺘ
*************
ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻦ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ
)ﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎﻭﻳﺔ(
) (١٩ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿:ﻳﺎ ﹶﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﺁ ﻣﻨﻮﹾﺍ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﹶﻟﻘﻴﺘ ﻢ ﻓﹶﺌ ﹰﺔ ﻓﹶﺎﹾﺛﺒﺘﻮﺍ ْ]ﺃﻱ ﺍﺻﱪﻭ[
ﻭﺍ ﹾﺫ ﹸﻛﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻟﱠ ﻌﻠﱠﻜﹸ ﻢ ﺗ ﹾﻔﹶﻠﺤﻮ ﹶﻥ .ﻭﹶﺃﻃﻴﻌﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻮﹶﻟﻪ ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺗﻨﺎ ﺯﻋﻮﹾﺍ
ﺻﹺﺒﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻣ ﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﹺﺑﺮﹺﻳ ﻦ﴾ ٦١ﻓﻌﻠﻖ ﺐ ﹺﺭﳛﻜﹸ ﻢ ﻭﺍ ﺸﻠﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﻭﺗ ﹾﺬ ﻫ ﹶﻓﺘ ﹾﻔ
ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﷲ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ .ﻭﻧﻈﲑﻩ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﻳﺎ ﹶﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ
ﻼ ﺓ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻣ ﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﹺﺑﺮﹺﻳ ﻦ﴾ ٦٢ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺼﹶ ﺼﺒ ﹺﺮ ﻭﺍﻟ
ﺁ ﻣﻨﻮﹾﺍ ﺍ ﺳﺘﻌﻴﻨﻮﹾﺍ ﺑﹺﺎﻟ
ﺼﹺﺒﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﻭﺗﺘﻘﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﻭﻳ ﹾﺄﺗﻮﻛﹸﻢ ﻣﻦ ﹶﻓ ﻮ ﹺﺭ ﻫ ﻢ ﻫـﺬﹶﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ﴿ :ﺑﻠﹶﻰ ﺇﹺﻥ ﺗ
ﲔ﴾ ٦٣ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺴ ﻮ ﻣ ﻑ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻶﺋ ﹶﻜ ﺔ ﻣ ﺴ ﺔ ﺁﻻ ﺨ ﻤ ﻳ ﻤ ﺪ ﺩ ﹸﻛ ﻢ ﺭﺑﻜﹸﻢ ﹺﺑ
ﻀﺮ ﹸﻛ ﻢ ﹶﻛﻴ ﺪ ﻫ ﻢ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹺﺑﻤﺎﺼﹺﺒﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﻭﺗﺘﻘﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﻻ ﻳ
ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿:ﻭﺇﹺﻥ ﺗ
ﻂ﴾٦٤ ﻳ ﻌ ﻤﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻣﺤﻴ ﹲ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻮﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻭﺗﱪﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ .ﻧﺼﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﻭﺃﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﻭﺡ ﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ
59ﺍﻹﻧﻔﻄﺎﺭ ١٢ -١٠ :٨٢
60ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ٤٥ :٦٨
61ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ٤٦ -٤٥ :٨
62ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ١٥٣ :٢
63ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ١٢٥ :٣
64ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ١٢٠ :٣
٤٢ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺸ ﻮ ﻫ ﻢﺱ ﹶﻗ ﺪ ﺟ ﻤﻌﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻓﹶﺎ ﺧ ﺱ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿:ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ
ﺴﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﹼ ﻪ ﻭﹺﻧ ﻌ ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻮﻛﻴ ﹸﻞ .ﻓﹶﺎﻧ ﹶﻘﹶﻠﺒﻮﹾﺍ
ﹶﻓﺰﺍ ﺩ ﻫ ﻢ ]ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ[ ﹺﺇﳝﺎﻧﹰﺎ ﻭﻗﹶﺎﻟﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﺣ
ﺿﻮﺍ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﹼ ﻪ ﺫﹸﻭ
ﺴ ﻬ ﻢ ﺳﻮ ٌﺀ ﻭﺍﺗﺒﻌﻮﹾﺍ ﹺﺭ ﺴ ﻀ ﹴﻞ ﱠﻟ ﻢ ﻳ ﻤ
ﹺﺑﹺﻨ ﻌ ﻤ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻭﹶﻓ
ﻼ ﺗﺨﺎﻓﹸﻮﻫ ﻢ ﻭﺧﺎﻓﹸﻮ ﻥ ﻑ ﹶﺃ ﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀﻩ ﹶﻓ ﹶﺨﻮ ﺸﻴﻄﹶﺎ ﹸﻥ ﻳ ﻀ ﹴﻞ ﻋﻈﻴ ﹴﻢ .ﹺﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﹶﺫﻟﻜﹸﻢ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻓ
ﲔ﴾ ٦٦ﺃﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﻛﻠﲔ ﲔ﴾ ٦٥ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻪ﴿ :ﺇﹺﻥ ﻛﹸﻨﺘﻢ ﻣ ﺆ ﻣﹺﻨ ﺇﹺﻥ ﻛﹸﻨﺘﻢ ﻣ ﺆ ﻣﹺﻨ
ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ -- -- -- -- -- --
ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ) :ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺓ(
ﰲ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ.
ﻼ ﺓ﴾ ٦٧ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ﴿ :ﻳﺎ ﹶﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺼﹶ ﺼﺒ ﹺﺮ ﻭﺍﻟ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺻﺮﳛﺎ﴿ :ﺍ ﺳﺘﻌﻴﻨﻮﹾﺍ ﺑﹺﺎﻟ
ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﺁ ﻣﻨﻮﹾﺍ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﹶﻟﻘﻴﺘ ﻢ ﻓﹶﺌ ﹰﺔ ﻓﹶﺎﹾﺛﺒﺘﻮﺍ ْﻭﺍ ﹾﺫ ﹸﻛﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﹶﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻟﱠ ﻌﻠﱠﻜﹸ ﻢ ﺗ ﹾﻔﹶﻠﺤﻮ ﹶﻥ.
ﺻﹺﺒﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺐ ﹺﺭﳛﻜﹸ ﻢ ﻭﺍ ﺸﻠﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﻭﺗ ﹾﺬ ﻫ ﻭﹶﺃﻃﻴﻌﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻮﹶﻟﻪ ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺗﻨﺎ ﺯﻋﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﻓﺘ ﹾﻔ
ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻣ ﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﹺﺑﺮﹺﻳ ﻦ﴾ ٦٨ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ،
ﻭﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ،ﻓﺎﻟﺼﱪ ﺃﲨﻊ .ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ
ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ -----------
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ:
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﻣﻀﻄﻬﺪﺓ ،ﻓﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﺰﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﺮ
ﻣﻮﺳﻰ -ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ -ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻥ
65ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ١٧٥ -١٧٣ :٣
66ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ١٧٥ :٣
67ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ١٥٣ :٢
68ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ٤٦ -٤٥ :٨
٤٣ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻋﻴﺴﻰ -ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ -ﻛﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ،ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ.
......
)ﺍﻟﺼﱪ( ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ:
) (١ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳎﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻊ ،ﻭﻋﻘﻮﻟﻨﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻣﺎ ﲢﺼﺮ ﺩﻭﺎ ،ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻯ
ﺣﺴﺐ ﻋﻘﻮﻟﻨﺎ ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﰲ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ -
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ -ﻣﻊ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺻﱪﺍ .ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ،ﻓﺎﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﺎﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﻭﺭﲪﺘﻪ ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻋﻘﻠﻲ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ .ﻭﺍﳉﺰﺋﻲ ﳏﻜﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻲ.
) (٢ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﳚﺮﻱ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ ،ﻓﻜﺬﻟﻚ ﳚﺮﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﻊ.
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﻊ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺎﳊﻨﺎ ،ﻓﻠﻢ ﳚﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻦ
ﺃﻓﻬﺎﻣﻨﺎ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ .ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ
ﺧﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﳓﻮﻟﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ،ﻭﻧﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺄﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ.
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺯﻟﺖ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﺷﺎﻋﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﻊ ﻛﻠﺘﻴﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺑﺄﻥ
ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻻ ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻲ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﺑﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ .ﻧﻌﻢ ،ﺃﻧﻪ
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ- -- .
)ﺇﻋﻼﻥ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ( ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ:
ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻨﱯ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻴﺌﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﻓﺤﻴﻨﺌﺬ :ﺇﻣﺎ ﻳﻬﺠﺮ
٤٤ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺩﺍﺭ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ،ﰒ ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﹰﺎ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ -ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ-
ﺣﲔ ﺃﻏﺎﺭ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﻴﻪ ﻟﻮﻁ ،ﻓﻬﺰﻣﻬﻢ .ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﳏﻤﺪ -ﺻﻠﻰ
ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ -ﺣﲔ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﻜﺔ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺒﻠﺪﺓ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ،
ﻓﻠﺬﻟﻚ ﱂ ﻳﻘﻢ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ -ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ -ﺇﻻ ﺑﺪﺍﺭ ﻫﺠﺮﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻭﻗﻊ
ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ -ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ.
ﻭﺇﻣﺎ ﻳﻬﺠﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﻓﻴﻌﺬﺑﻮﻥ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺑﻘﻮﻡ ﻟﻮﻁ ،ﻭﻧﻮﺡ،
ﻭﻭﻫﻮﺩ ،ﻭﺻﺎﱀ ،ﻭﺷﻌﻴﺐ ،ﻭﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻭﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ.
ﰒ ﻻ ﻳﻬﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﻠﻦ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﺏ ﻭﻗﻄﻊ ﺣﺒﻠﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺒﻠﻬﻢ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﳍﻢ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ -ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ -ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻪ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻧﺎ
ﺑﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﻨ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗ ﻌﺒﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﹶﻛ ﹶﻔ ﺮﻧﺎ ﹺﺑ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻭﺑﺪﺍ ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻜﹸﻢ
ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺪﺍ ﻭﺓﹸ ﻭﺍﹾﻟﺒ ﻐﻀﺎﺀ ﹶﺃﺑﺪﺍ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗ ﺆ ﻣﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﻭ ﺣ ﺪ ﻩ ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ﹶﻗ ﻮ ﹶﻝ ﹺﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴ ﻢ ﻟﹶﺄﺑﹺﻴ ﻪ
ﻚ ﺗ ﻮ ﱠﻛ ﹾﻠﻨﺎ ﻚ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺷ ﻲ ٍﺀ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﹶﺃ ﻣﻠﻚ ﹶﻟ ﹶﻟﹶﺄ ﺳﺘ ﻐ ﻔ ﺮﻥﱠ ﹶﻟ
ﺠ ﻌ ﹾﻠﻨﺎ ﻓﺘﻨ ﹰﺔ ﱢﻟﱠﻠﺬﻳ ﻦ ﹶﻛ ﹶﻔﺮﻭﺍ ﻭﺍ ﹾﻏ ﻔ ﺮ ﹶﻟﻨﺎ
ﺼﲑ .ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻟﹶﺎ ﺗ ﻚ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻤ ﻚ ﹶﺃﻧﺒﻨﺎ ﻭﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴ
ﻭﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴ
ﺤﻜﻴ ﻢ﴾ ٦٩ﻓﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺖ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺰﹺﻳ ﺰ ﺍﹾﻟ
ﻚ ﺃﹶﻧ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﹺﺇﻧ
ﻗﻮﻝ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺟﻴﺰﺍ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﻻ ﻳﻠﺘﻔﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻗﻮﺎ ﻣﺜﻼ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ﴿ :ﹺﺇﻧﺎ
ﺑﺮﺍ ُﺀ ﻣﻨ ﹸﻜ ﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗ ﻌﺒﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ﴾ ٧٠ﺃﺑﻠﻎ .ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺩﺏ
ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻡ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ.
69ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺤﻨﺔ ٥ -٤ :٦٠
70ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺤﻨﺔ ٤ :٦٠
٤٥ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﻭﺑﻼﻏﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺑﺎﺎ .ﻭﻫﻬﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺗﻚ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ
ﺍﳊﺮﺏ .ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﴿ :ﻭﹺﺇ ﹾﺫ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹺﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻟﹶﺄﺑﹺﻴ ﻪ ﻭﹶﻗ ﻮ ﻣ ﻪ ﹺﺇﻧﻨﹺﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗ ﻌﺒﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ.
ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻄ ﺮﻧﹺﻲ ﹶﻓﹺﺈﻧﻪ ﺳﻴ ﻬﺪﻳ ﹺﻦ .ﻭ ﺟ ﻌﹶﻠﻬﺎ ﹶﻛﻠ ﻤ ﹰﺔ ﺑﺎﻗﻴ ﹰﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋ ﻘﹺﺒ ﻪ ﹶﻟ ﻌﻠﱠﻬ ﻢ
ﻳ ﺮ ﹺﺟﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾ ٧١ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺓ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ
ﻁ ﻭﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹺﺇﻧﻲ ﻣﻬﺎ ﹺﺟ ﺮ ﴿ﺍ ﹾﻗﺘﻠﹸﻮ ﻩ ﹶﺃ ﻭ ﺣ ﺮﻗﹸﻮ ﻩ﴾ ٧٢ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ :ﻓﹶﺂ ﻣ ﻦ ﹶﻟﻪ ﻟﹸﻮ ﹲ
ﺤﻜﻴ ﻢ﴾ ٧٣ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺃﻋﻠﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﻗﻞ "ﻳﺎ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺭﺑﻲ ﹺﺇﻧ ﻪ ﻫ ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻌﺰﹺﻳ ﺰ ﺍﹾﻟ
ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ".
ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻌﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻬﺠﻮﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺆﻣﻨﻮﺍ ،ﻓﻜﺬﻟﻚ ﻭﻋﺪ ﺍﷲ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺯ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ .ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻠﻨﱯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﱪ
ﻭﻳﻘﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺋﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ،ﻓﻜﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﱪﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺤﻘﻮﺍ
ﻭﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ:
ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ﴿ :ﻭﺍﱠﻟﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺟﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ ﻣﺎ ﹸﻇﻠﻤﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﻟﻨﺒ ﻮﹶﺋﻨﻬ ﻢ
ﺴﻨ ﹰﺔ ﻭﹶﻟﹶﺄ ﺟﺮ ﺍﻵ ﺧ ﺮ ﺓ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﺒﺮ ﹶﻟ ﻮ ﻛﹶﺎﻧﻮﹾﺍ ﻳ ﻌﹶﻠﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾ ٧٤ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ: ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺣ
ﺻﺒﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﻚ ﻟﱠﻠﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺟﺮﻭﹾﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻌ ﺪ ﻣﺎ ﹸﻓﺘﻨﻮﹾﺍ ﹸﺛﻢ ﺟﺎ ﻫﺪﻭﹾﺍ ﻭ ﴿ﹸﺛﻢ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺭﺑ
ﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻌ ﺪﻫﺎ ﹶﻟ ﻐﻔﹸﻮ ﺭ ﺭﺣﻴ ﻢ﴾ ٧٥ﻭﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﺞ﴿ :ﺃﹸ ﺫ ﹶﻥ ﻟﱠﻠﺬﻳ ﻦ ﺭﺑ
ﺼ ﹺﺮ ﻫ ﻢ ﹶﻟ ﹶﻘﺪﻳ ﺮ﴾ ٧٦ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ: ﻳﻘﹶﺎﺗﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﹺﺑﹶﺄﻧﻬ ﻢ ﻇﹸﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﻭﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻧ
71ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻑ ٢٨ -٢٦ :٤٣
72ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ٢٤ :٢٩
73ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ٢٦ :٢٩
74ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ٤١ :١٦
75ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ١١٠ :١٦
76ﺍﳊﺞ ٣٩ :٢٢
٤٦ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
﴿ﻭﺍﻟﱠ ﺬﻳ ﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺟﺮﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﹺﻴ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﹸﺛﻢ ﻗﹸﺘﻠﹸﻮﺍ ﹶﺃ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺗﻮﺍ ﹶﻟﻴ ﺮﺯﹶﻗﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ ﹺﺭ ﺯﻗﹰﺎ
ﺿ ﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﲔ .ﹶﻟﻴ ﺪ ﺧﹶﻠﻨﻬﻢ ﻣ ﺪ ﺧﻠﹰﺎ ﻳ ﺮ
ﺴﻨﺎ ﻭﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﹶﻟﻬ ﻮ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺍ ﹺﺯﻗ ﺣ
ﺼ ﺮﻧ ﻪ
ﺐ ﹺﺑ ﻪ ﹸﺛﻢ ﺑ ﻐ ﻲ ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ﻪ ﹶﻟﻴﻨ
ﺐ ﹺﺑ ﻤﹾﺜ ﹺﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻮﻗ ﻚ ﻭ ﻣ ﻦ ﻋﺎﹶﻗ ﹶﻟ ﻌﻠﻴ ﻢ ﺣﻠﻴ ﻢ .ﹶﺫﻟ
ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﻪ ﹺﺇﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﻠﱠ ﻪ ﹶﻟ ﻌﻔﹸﻮ ﹶﻏﻔﹸﻮ ﺭ﴾.٧٧
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ:
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺎﺕ )ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ(
) (١ﺍﻹﺷﺘﺮﺍﻛﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺎﺀ ،ﻣﺜﻼ ﻻﺋﻲ ﻛﺮﻛﺲ ﻣﻔﻨﻦ
ﺍﺳﺒﺎﺭﻃﻪ ﻭﻓﻼﻃﻦ ،ﻭﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﱂ ﺗﺒﻖ ﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ،ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺓ ﻭﻳﺘﺎﻫﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ .ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﳑﻘﻮﺗﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻓﺼﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﺜﺎﺭﺍ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺎﺋﻒ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﻛﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺷﺮﺃﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﻨﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﺗﻄﻔﺄ ﻧﻄﺎﻫﺎ .ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺸﺘﻬ ﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺴ ﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﻴ ﺤﻦ ﹶﻗ ﻚ ﻧ ﺴﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺭ ﺣ ﻤ ﹶﺔ ﺭﺑ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹶﺃ ﻫ ﻢ ﻳ ﹾﻘ ِ
ﻀﻬﻢ ﺑ ﻌﻀﺎ ﺨ ﹶﺬ ﺑ ﻌ ﺕ ﻟﻴﺘ
ﺾ ﺩ ﺭﺟﺎ ﻕ ﺑ ﻌ ﹴ ﻀ ﻬ ﻢ ﹶﻓ ﻮ ﺤﻴﺎ ﺓ ﺍﻟ ﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺭﹶﻓ ﻌﻨﺎ ﺑ ﻌ
ﺍﹾﻟ
ﺠ ﻤﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ﴾٧٨ ﻚ ﺧﻴ ﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳ ﺨ ﹺﺮﻳﺎ ﻭ ﺭ ﺣ ﻤﺖ ﺭﺑ ﺳ
) (٢ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺿﻰ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳑﻘﻮﺗﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﻳﻌﺪﻭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﻤﻖ،
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻐﻮﻭﻫﺎ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﻛﺎﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﻔﱳ ﻭﻫﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﱐ .ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ﴿ :ﹶﺃﻃﻴﻌﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ﻪ
ﻭﹶﺃﻃﻴﻌﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺮﺳﻮ ﹶﻝ ﻭﹸﺃ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ﻣ ﹺﺮ ﻣﻨ ﹸﻜ ﻢ﴾ ٧٩ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ :ﻭﹶﺃ ﻣﺮﻫ ﻢ
77ﺍﳊﺞ ٦٠ -٥٨ :٢٢
78ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻑ ٣٢ :٤٣
79ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ٥٩ :٤
٤٧ ﰲ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ
ﺷﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻨ ﻬ ﻢ﴾٨٠
ﻣﻦ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ:
ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ
) (١ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﻜﻢ ،ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﻣﺘﺒﻮﻉ .ﻭﺇﻥ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻳﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ،ﻓﺈﻤﺎ
ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﳚﻌﻼﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻛﻔﻴﻼ ﻭﻳﺪﺧﻼﻥ ﲢﺖ ﺫﻣﺘﻪ.
) (٢ﻻ ﲡﺮﻱ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﲢﺖ ﺣﺎﻛﻤﲔ ،ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ
ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻭﳚﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ.
) (٣ﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﲔ .ﻭﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﻮﺍﻣﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻭﺇﻻ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ-- -- -- -- .
80ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ ٣٨ :٤٢