Mode choice

In developing countries, like India, the increasing horizontal spread of the cities and the decentralized nature of development have led to the increased travelling demand. In order to suffice the people’s need for travelling, various transportation modes, having different attributes, have been introduced gradually in the transportation system viz. public city bus, taxi/cab, auto-rickshaw, private vehicle, etc. The trip makers decide the suitability of a mode with respect to his/her criteria which may be classified as quantitative (includes, travel time, travel cost, waiting time etc.) and qualitative (includes, reliability, comfort, convenience, etc.). In this study, the modal share of the Garia-Park Circus corridor in Kolkata, India has been tried to be estimated for work trips only. Transit, Para-transit and Personal vehicles are considered here. The criteria selected for the modeling are Travel Time (TT), Travel Cost (TC), Comfort, Convenience (Waiting Time), Reliability and Dust and Noise. The utility perceived by the trip makers for each of the alternative modes is collected through questionnaire survey and the scaling of the stated preferences is done by psychometric scaling technique.

Scientists and policymakers intend worldwide emissions reduction of up to 80 percent of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the next four decades to stabilize atmospheric concentrations (TRB 2011). Henceforth, an immediate response from the transportation sector, one of the largest producers of GHGs (up to 30 percent in the U.S.), is critical for GHGs reduction. Possible long-term solutions towards cutting back on emissions from transportation are increasing supply-of/demand-for more energy/fuel efficient vehicles and to substantially improve the transit system (high-speed rail, passenger rail, metro) to reduce reliance on private vehicles and air travel for short trips. However, the markets are still struggling to produce supply-of/demand-for energy efficient vehicles and public debate on potential ridership of high speed rail is ongoing in the U.S. Another feasible strategy that can prove to be effective is emission pricing. Recent advancement in Intelligent ...

Abstract: In Malaysia, the rapid increase in the use of own transport prompted by inadequate public transport has resulted in increased traffic congestion, accidents, inadequate parking space and air pollution among other evils. This study sought to identify the factors preventing own transport users from shifting to public transport and to develop model shift from car to public transport in order to formulate the policies to achieve this. A survey was carried out on users of private and public (both bus and urban train transport)(n= 1350). Multinomial legit ...

In this work both the multimodal hypergraph and the viable hyperpath conceptualizations are presented. The shortest viable hyperpath problem (SVHP) in a multimodal transportation network is defined. We consider a label correcting approach to find the shortest viable hyperpath from an origin to a destination, for different values of the upper limit of modal transfers. Such hyperpaths compose a Pareto-optimal

We examine the effects of urban form and public transit supply on the commute mode choices and annual vehicle miles traveled (VMTs) of households living in 114 urban areas in 1990. The probability of driving to work is lower the higher are population centrality and rail miles supplied and the lower is road density. Population centrality, jobs-housing balance, city shape,

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to categorize transportation choice research (mode choice and carrier selection) leading to insight on themes in the literature and directions for future research Design/methodology/approach – The proposed transportation choice research ...

Rail is a critical component of public transport systems in major cities, but the effectiveness of rail is fundamentally determined by the quality of passenger access to stations. Planning for access to rail stations is generally not well-developed as a discipline in Australia or the USA, and many of the variables that affect quality of station access are not widely

Limitation of parking spaces in Petra Christian University need to be solved by deterring private cars usage. However, the factors that affect students to choose their mode to campus are unknown. Determination of factors that influence mode choices may support alternatives and policy that could be proposed. Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to analyze the factors. Trips characteristics data of

This paper first provides a brief review of trends in public transport demand from 1980 to 2010 in 16 countries in Europe, North America, and Australia. The focus, however, is on a detailed analysis of public transport demand in Germany and the USA, using uniquely comparable national travel surveys from 2001/2002 and 2008/2009 for both countries. Public transport has been far more successful in Germany than in the USA, with much greater growth in overall passenger volumes and trips per capita. Even controlling for differences between the countries in demographics, socio-economics, and land use, logistic regressions show that Germans are five times as likely as Americans to use public transport. Moreover, public transport in Germany attracts a much broader cross-section of society and for a greater diversity of trip purposes. The success of German public transport is due to a coordinated package of mutually supportive policies that include the following: (1) more and better service, (2) attractive fares and convenient ticketing, (3) full multimodal and regional integration, (4) high taxes and restrictions on car use, and (5) land-use policies that promote compact, mixed-use developments. It is the integrated package of complementary policies that explains why public transport in Germany can compete so well with the private car, even among affluent households. Conversely, it is the lack of complementary policies that explains the continuing struggle of public transport in the USA.

Communities are traditionally built with one transportation mode and user in mind—the adult automobile driver. Recently, however, there has been an international focus on the trip to school as an opportunity to enhance children's independent active travel. ...

Transportation planning is the process of defining future policies, goals, investments and design to prepare for future needs. Many urban cities and towns of India are facing transportation problems due to increased rate of urbanization, urban sprawl and tremendous increase in travel demand. Travel demand management is crucial part of transportation planning which depends on the socio-economic parameters of that area. The study has been carried out for Morbi (a medium town II) of Saurashtra region of Gujarat having population of 1.94 lakh. Morbi is ceramic hub of India which contributes more than 70% of the total ceramic production of India. It has also some other industrial development like manufacturing of wall clock, CFL bulbs and electric bikes which generates employment opportunities. There is remarkable rate of migration due to its industrial development. The public transportation system (city bus service) has been started in 2014 which is not sufficient to cope with the growing travel demand of Morbi. To overcome the transportation issues like increased travel demand, congestion, air pollution - a sustainable development is very much required for Morbi city. The first step taken by researcher is the digitization of map of Morbi city by using TransCAD software. The study area has been divided in to 14 zones. The Home Interview Survey has been carried out for socio economic data and trip information with sample size of 1 in 35 HH. The distances from CBD for all wards have been plotted on digitized map. Trip generation model with regression analysis in Excel sheet is developed for the study area. Mode choice for trips by two-wheeler (43%), Rickshaw (24%), Car (8%), Bus (2%), Bicycle (5%), and Walk (18%), are observed. Trip distribution is the second stage of travel demand modeling. This paper focuses on calibration of gravity model for medium sized city. Calibration parameters for four different impedance factors –Travel distance, Euclidean distance, Travel time and Travel cost have been derived. Trip length frequency distribution of observed trips and modeled trips is presented.

In April 2000 VicRoads (on behalf of the Victorian Motorcycle Advisory Council) issued a brief to produce a report on motorcycles, scooters and mopeds as transport modes. This tender was won by Oxford Systematics with some input from the Transport Research Centre and Dr Narelle Howarth. Data from Australia and overseas was obtained, assessed for utility and reanalysed where appropriate to give a consistent picture of motorcycle use. Data on accident costs, pollution and emission values are brought together for evaluation consideration. The overall levels of motorcycle flows in Victoria were found to be 0.5% of vehicle flows, and the relationship established between motorcycle crashes and motorcycle flows found by the Victorian Crash Control Study (Haworth, Smith, Brumen, & Pronk, 1997) was used to provide more discriminating estimates of motorcycle flow using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) methods, based on reported motorcycle crash data. Fresh survey data was also obtained on motorcycle users and their ownership and use of cars and motorcycles/scooters. Motorcycle and scooter user choices were found to depend on ease of getting through traffic congestion, their economy and ability to park close to their destination and the intrinsic pleasure obtained by riding a powered
two wheeler. It is not always a question of either motorcycle or car owner: the mileages done by car by motorcycles owners and nonowners are both substantial. The transport performance of motorcycles was confirmed by fresh analyses of the Melbourne transportation survey data.
Travel times and speeds by mode in order of trip length: VATS 1995-8 Motorcycles have the second highest average travel distance of all modes in Melbourne, and the highest average travel speed. They suffer the lowest travel delays. Bicycles reported encountering delays of an average of 1% of their total travel time, cars 0.5% - but motorcycles nil.
Many of the data items from consultation and survey analysis are included in a second volume of Appendices. In order to be able to evaluate motorcycles and scooters in traffic, transport, regulatory, social, safety and environmental proposals parameters are required for
each area of valuation. These have been brought together for operating cost, safety and emissions. Work to establish appropriate travel time and social factors still need to be developed.There are several key areas where powered two wheelers have a significant role to play:
· More efficient road space utilisation
· More efficient parking space utilisation
· Reduced emissions
· Faster access
· Increased mobility
Work is required to address these possibilities, and this is summarised in the report. There are a number of transport and traffic situations where motorcycles, scooters and mopeds (PTWs) offer or already provide realisable advantages.

... He received his Ph.D. from the University of Memphis. His current research interests include Corporate governance and declining firms, compet-itiveness, and turnaround strategies. * * *John Francis is Assistant Professor of Management at Mississippi College. ...

The transit systems being developed up and about all over the country, has multidimensional impacts on economic, environmental and sociological aspects. The transit corridor development can bring changes to the mode choice of the road users and can affect the overall scenario. A perfect transit system would be the one which can bring more people out of their cars to the transit system and which is more equitable, affordable and environmentally friendly. The paper is about the BRTS system in Ahmedabad and how much it has affected the way people travel, in short, the mode choice changes that have occurred before and after the BRTS have been analysed and inferred. Mainly the changes for NMT users who are the most vulnerable group among all mode users, especially in a city like Ahmedabad. Random sampling  was done to know the shifts made by the road users and the reasons for the shifts and the issues they face. An attempt has been made to learn if the issues are related to the introduction of BRTS.

This paper presents a first attempt to better understand the influence of key events and critical incidents on transport mode choice switching behaviour. The research problem has been divided into three sub-problems: How do key events and critical incidents affect the composition of choice sets; How do key events and critical incidents influence people's attitude towards avail- able mode alternatives,