SISCIA EARLY ROMAN FINE WARES FROM SISCIA, THE “SISAK— ŽELJEZNIČKI KOLODVOR” ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE 4th INTERNATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL COLLOQUIM “Roman Ceramic and Glass Manufactures. Production and Trade in the Adriatic region and beyond” Crikvenica, November 8-9, 2017 Aco beakers, some workshops applied the same motifs. Sarius cups were marked with the names of the potters via relief letters that were an integral part of the decorations, or were placed on the lower part of the foot. The following workshops have been recorded: Clemens, L. Sarius Surus and Iucundus. CHALICE The Željeznički kolodvor position yielded the first two finds of Arretine relief sigillata. Rim, neck and body fragment with a high-quality coating can be ascribed to a chalice, Conspectus R 2.1.1 type, dated to between the middle and the late Augustan period (Ettlinger et. al. 1990: 68). Below the grooves on the neck, there is a band of pairs of leaves, and on the body a triple leaf with circular fruits. The edge of the potter’s stamp is visible between the two triple leaves. A motif of triple leaves with fruits was found in Haltern, on a chalice ascribed to Xanthus (Labrousse 1954: 317). (fig. 1) The fragment of a chalice with a high-quality coating is decorated with grooves, rouletting band and a line of ovuli beneath them, while the body is decorated with perpendicular elongated ovals framed by a ribbon (sagittae). This form is ascribed to the Conspectus R 2.1. type and is dated between the middle and the late Augustan period. The cross-section, coating and the decorative ovules and sigittae are typical of the Arretine M. Perennius workshop (Porten Palange 2009, pl. 41 n. 44). (fig. 2) One fragment of a northern Italic relief sigillata was found. Fragment of a chalice decorated with an ivy-leaf band can be ascribed to Atlante 11D type and dated in Augustan period. (fig. 3) Rescue archaeological excavations were conducted during the railway track reconstruction at the Željeznički kolodvor (railway station) position in Sisak in 2013-2014, and 2016. The site is located in the centre of the roman town of Siscia. Layers and structures of Siscia’s earliest phase have been found. Given the thickness of the Late Roman architecture and the vertical stratigraphy up to the depth of 7 m, the layers and structures from the earliest phase of Siscia could not have been fully excavated and only test trenches were placed where possible. These included smaller surfaces with recorded layers from the late Iron Age Segestica and layers with archaeological material characteristic of the Augustan and Tiberian periods. Early Roman ceramics with moldmade relief decoration: Aco beakers, Sarius cups, chalice of Arretine and North-Italian production and the first ever discovered fragment of Egyptian glazed vase in the Pannonian region are presented in this poster. Due to their quality, quantity, provenance and datation, along with other published and analyzed material from the Željeznički kolod- EGYPTIAN GLAZED VASE vor position, point to the fact that the layers excavated at Željeznički kolodvor should be The layer that contained material of the Auascribed to the Roman military camp that gustan period also yielded a fragment of a cywas used during the Augustan and Tiberian lindrical vase with relief decorations covered periods. with a turquoise glaze. The cross-section of the fragment is white, and the fabric is porous ACO BEAKERS and sandy. The production of ceramics with a green-blue glaze and relief decorations is The Željeznički kolodvor position yielded 21 typical of Egyptian production. The center of fragments of relief pottery of the Aco beaker the trade, but also of the production of this type, the most numerous find of this type of type of pottery, was Alexandria. In Italy, Egyppottery material in Sisak, but also in Pannonia! tian pottery was found in the excavations at The Aco beakers were analyzed according to Rome and Pompeii, and the finds were dattheir form and mode of decoration. Two typo- ed to 1st century BC – 1st century AD (Rossi logical forms were derived: Lavizzari Pedra- 1994: 321). The discovery of Egyptian glazed zzini type 2 (Lavizzari Pedrazzini 1987: 30–31; cylindrical vase in Siscia is the first find of its Pl. 2, related to the Magdalensberg Form 1 sort in Pannonia! Seeing as it was found in a (Schindler Kaudelka 1980: 12; T:1), and Laviz- defined stratigraphic context, it can also be zari Pedrazzini type 3b (Lavizzari Pedrazzini confirmed, through analogies and the context, 1987: 30–33; Pl. 2, related to the Magdalens- that the find should be dated to the Augustan berg Form 4 (Schindler Kaudelka 1980: 12; Pl.: period. 4). The Aco beakers are decorated with relief triangles (Kommaregen), ribbons/strands of BIBLIOGRAPHY beads, architectural elements, vegetative and zoomorphic decorations. The analyzed mate- Ettlinger 1990. rial includes Aco beakers without a coating E. Ettlinger et al., Conspectus formarum terrae sigillatae italico modo confectae, Bonn, 1990. and with sigillata coating. No stamps were Kristović & Jerončić 2015. recorded, but the analysis of the stylistic M. Kristović & T. Jerončić, Preliminarni izvještaj sa zaštitnog arheološkog istraživanja u Sisku, Željeznički kolodvor, Sisak, 2015. and morphological characteristics helped Kristović et al 2016. connect certain motifs to specific workshops. M. Kristović et al., Izvještaj s arheološkog istraživanja Željeznički kolodvor Sisak – pothodnik; Arheoplan d.o.o i Kaukal d.o.o., 2016. However, it is evident that the same motifs Labrousse 1954. were produced in several workshops. Based M. Labrousse, “Céramiques ornées d’Arezzo trouvées à Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges”, Gallia Vol. 12/2, 1954, 301-321 on the attribution of motifs to specific workPedrazzini 1987. shops, following workshops have been re- Lavizzari M. P. Lavizzari Pedrazzini, Ceramica Romana di tradizione elleniscorded: L. Norbanus or Stepanus Norbanus tica in Italia Settentrionale. Il vaselame „tipo Aco“, Firenza, 1987. 2012. workshops; C. Aco or C. Aco Diophanes and Mantovani V. Mantovani, Aspetti della produzione e del commercio dell’InL. Sarius Surus. The analysis of Aco beakers strumentum Domesticum di eta romana ad Adria, alla luce dei rinvenimenti di via Retratto, doktorska disertacija/PhD Thesis, from Siscia, the Željeznički kolodvor position, Padova, 2012. has revealed that northern Italian and Gallic Mazzeo Saracino 1985. L. Mazzeo Saracino, Terra sigillata Nord – Italica, Atlanta II, 175products were imported. SARIUS CUPS The site yielded 38 fragments of relief ceramics of the Sarius cup type, making it another most numerous find of such pottery in Sisak and Pannonia. All of the Sarius type cups belong to the Atlante 13D (Mazzeo Saracino 1985, 222-224), Magdalensberg Form 2 (Schindler Kaudelka 1980, 13- 15) and Conspectus R 13 (Ettlinger et al. 1990, 182-183) types. Decorations include: vegetative, zoomorphic, geometrical, figurative and abstract motifs. The motifs appear on the vessels in freeform or geometrically. The coating is of high-quality on 68% of the fragments. Four fragments with stamps/partial stamps were recovered. The other finds can, based on certain motifs, be ascribed to specific workshops. However, just as was the case with 231, Roma, 1985. Miletić Čakširan 2017. I. Miletić Čakširan, „Reljefna keramika tipa Aco s položaja Željeznički kolodvor, istraživanja 2013. – 2014.”, Godišnjak Gradskog muzeja Sisak 12, Sisak, u objavi. Miletić Čakširan 2017. I. Miletić Čakširan, „Ranorimska fina keramika augustovskog horizonta Siscije; položaj Željeznički kolodvor, SJ 650, 1300 i 1311; u zborniku znanstvenog skupa “Segestika i Siscija: od ruba imperija do provincijskog središta“, Arheološki muzej u Zagrebu, Zagreb, u objavi Porten Palange 2009, F. P. Porten Palange, Die Werkstätten der arretinischen Reliefkeramik. 2 Teildbe, Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums, Mainz, 2009. Rossi 1994 M. Rossi, „Vasi Egizi invetriati importati in Italia ( I secolo a.c. – I secolo d.c.)“, Melanges se l’ecole francaise de Rome, Antiquite, MEFRA, Tome 106, 1994, 319–351. Schindler Kaudelka 1980. E. Schindler Kaudelka, Die römische Modelkeramik vom Magdalensberg, Klagenfurt, 1980. Position of the archaeological site “Sisak-Željeznički kolodvor” in Roman Siscia, today’s town of Sisak (Kaukal d.o.o. and Arheo Plan d.o.o.) ACO BEAKERS SU 1577, PN 2000 SU 1727, PN 2077 SU 1223, PN 1699 SU 1644, PN 2053 SU 1311, PN 1798 SU 272, PN 334 SU 387, PN 1172 SJ 535/559, PN 538 SJ 1345, PN 992 SU 280, PN 1081 SU 583, PN 1377 SU 650, PN 569 SU 955, PN 1534 SU 379, PN 1165 SU 234, PN 243 SU 280, PN 1091 SU 718, PN 1437 SU 280, PN 1074 SARIUS CUPS SU 1378, PN 1822 SJ 572, PN 1971 SU 1719, PN 2090 SU 389, PN 366 SU 1182, PN 906 SU 1308, PN 966 SU 280, PN 95 SU 572, PN 1355 SU 1300, PN 1126A, PN 1126B SU 1311, PN 999 CHALICE SU 616, PN 767 SU 234, PN 100 SU 234, PN 244 fig. 1. fig. 2. fig. 3. EGYPTIAN GLAZED VASE Ivana Miletić Čakširan, Conservation Department in Sisak, Ministry of culture of Republic of Croatia, imcaksiran@gmail.com SU 1644, PN 2034 SU 280, PN 1054